# Grade 12 Economics Flashcards

> Spaced-repetition flashcards covering Grade 12 Economics topics — definitions, formulas, and exam tips.

- Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/flashcards
- Flashcard decks: 75
- Topics: 14

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## Flashcards by topic

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### The foreign exchange market and the balance of payments accounts

- Balance of payments accounts — 15 cards
- Corrections of the balance of payments — 15 cards
- Establishment of foreign exchange rates — 15 cards
- Foreign exchange markets — 15 cards
- Key concepts — 15 cards
- Reasons for international trade — 15 cards

### Protectionism and free trade

- A desirable mix of protection and free trade — 15 cards
- Evaluation of South Africa's trade policies — 15 cards
- Export promotion — 15 cards
- Free trade — 15 cards
- Import substitution — 15 cards
- Key concepts — 15 cards
- Protection — 15 cards

### The dynamics of perfect markets

- Competition policies — 15 cards
- How to draw graphs to show various equilibrium positions — 15 cards
- Key concepts — 15 cards
- Market structures — 15 cards
- Output, profit, losses and supply — 15 cards
- Perfect competition — 15 cards
- Review of production, costs and revenue — 15 cards
- The individual business and the industry — 15 cards

### Dynamics of imperfect markets

- Key concepts — 15 cards
- Monopolies — 15 cards
- Monopolistic competition — 15 cards
- Oligopolies — 15 cards
- Output profit and loss — 15 cards
- Summary of market structures — 15 cards

### The reasons for and consequences of market failures

- Consequences/effects of market failures — 15 cards
- Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) — 15 cards
- Key concepts — 15 cards
- The reasons for market failures — 15 cards

### Economic growth and development

- Economic growth, economic development, and the demand-side approach — 15 cards
- Evaluation of South African approaches — 15 cards
- Key concepts — 15 cards
- The North/South divide — 15 cards
- The supply-side approach — 15 cards

### South Africa’s industrial policies and their suitability in terms of international best practice

- Appropriateness of SA regional, small business, and BEE policies — 15 cards
- Appropriateness of South Africa's industrial policies — 15 cards
- Incentives to encourage industrial development — 15 cards
- Industrial development policies in South Africa — 15 cards
- Key concepts — 15 cards
- Regional development — 15 cards
- South Africa's endeavours — 15 cards

### South African economic and social indicators

- Economy performance and Economic indicators — 15 cards
- International comparisons and Globalisation — 15 cards
- Key concepts — 15 cards
- Social indicators — 15 cards

### Inflation

- Key concepts — 15 cards
- Measuring, types and characteristics of inflation — 15 cards
- The causes of inflation — 15 cards
- The consequences and measures to combat inflation — 15 cards

### Tourism

- Benefits of Tourism — 15 cards
- Definition, Purposes, Measurement and Reasons for Growth — 15 cards
- Effects of Tourism — 15 cards
- Key Concepts in Tourism — 15 cards
- South Africa's Tourism Profile and Policy Suggestions — 15 cards

### Environmental sustainability

- Key concepts — 15 cards
- Measures to ensure sustainability — 15 cards
- The state of the environment — 15 cards

### The circular flow model, national account aggregates and the multiplier

- Key concepts — 15 cards
- National account aggregates — 15 cards
- The multiplier — 15 cards
- The open economy circular flow model — 15 cards

### Business cycles and forecasting

- Explanations — 15 cards
- Features underpinning forecasting — 15 cards
- Government policy — 15 cards
- Key concepts — 15 cards
- The composition and features of business cycles — 15 cards
- The new economic paradigm — 15 cards

### The role of the public sector

- Composition and necessity — 15 cards
- Fiscal policy — 15 cards
- Key concepts — 15 cards
- Objectives of the public sector and its budgets — 15 cards
- Problems of public sector provisioning — 15 cards
- Public sector failure — 15 cards

## Frequently asked questions

### What are Hlayiso flashcards?

Short, spaced-repetition cards covering definitions, formulas, and key facts for Grade 12 Economics.

### Are the cards pre-made or do I make them?

Both. Hlayiso ships curated decks per Grade 12 Economics topic, and you can create your own decks to share or revise privately.

### How does spaced repetition work?

Cards you get right are shown less often; cards you struggle with come back sooner. Over a few sessions you end up remembering the hard stuff.

### Can I study offline?

The Hlayiso app keeps your active decks on your device, so you can review without a connection.

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