# Environmental sustainability notes > CAPS-aligned study notes for Environmental sustainability in Grade 12 Economics. Browse the sections below for explanations, worked examples and exam preparation. - Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/environmental-sustainability Breadcrumbs: [Home](https://www.hlayiso.com/) › [Grade 12](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12) › [Economics](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics) › [Notes](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes) › [Environmental sustainability](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/environmental-sustainability) ## Sections in Environmental sustainability Each entry shows the free preview (about 200 characters). Create a free Hlayiso account to read the full notes, practise every question and track your progress. - [Key concepts](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/environmental-sustainability/key-concepts) — Environmental Sustainability: Key Concepts Every economic activity relies on the natural environment as a source of resources and a sink for waste. In South Africa, where mining, agriculture and… - [The state of the environment](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/environmental-sustainability/the-state-of-the-environment) — The State of the Environment The environment provides the raw materials that fuel every economic activity in South Africa, from mining gold and coal to growing crops and manufacturing goods. Yet the… - [Measures to ensure sustainability](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/environmental-sustainability/measures-to-ensure-sustainability) — Measures to Ensure Sustainability Environmental sustainability is the ability of the environment to survive its use for economic activity. It means meeting the needs of the present generation without… ## Other Economics topics - [The foreign exchange market and the balance of payments accounts](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/the-foreign-exchange-market-and-the-balance-of-payments-accounts) - [Protectionism and free trade](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/protectionism-and-free-trade) - [The dynamics of perfect markets](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/the-dynamics-of-perfect-markets) - [Dynamics of imperfect markets](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/dynamics-of-imperfect-markets) - [The reasons for and consequences of market failures](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/the-reasons-for-and-consequences-of-market-failures) - [Economic growth and development](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/economic-growth-and-development) - [South Africa’s industrial policies and their suitability in terms of international best practice](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/south-africas-industrial-policies-and-their-suitability-in-terms-of-international-best-practice) - [South African economic and social indicators](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/south-african-economic-and-social-indicators) - [Inflation](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/inflation) - [Tourism](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/tourism) - [The circular flow model, national account aggregates and the multiplier](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/the-circular-flow-model-national-account-aggregates-and-the-multiplier) - [Business cycles and forecasting](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/business-cycles-and-forecasting) - [The role of the public sector](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/economics/notes/the-role-of-the-public-sector) ## Frequently asked questions ### What is covered in Environmental sustainability for Grade 12 Economics? The Environmental sustainability section covers all key concepts from the Grade 12 Economics CAPS curriculum, including detailed explanations, worked examples, and exam preparation tips. ### Are the Environmental sustainability notes free? Yes. Each section has a free preview, and a free Hlayiso account lets you read the full notes. ### How do these notes help with exam preparation? Our Environmental sustainability notes are CAPS-aligned and include worked examples, common mistakes to avoid, and exam tips — everything you need to prepare for your Grade 12 Economics exams. ### Are there quizzes for Environmental sustainability? Yes. Hlayiso has quizzes for Environmental sustainability in Grade 12 Economics. Test your understanding after reading the notes. --- Hlayiso: free CAPS and IEB past papers, memos, notes and study guides for South African learners. When citing, link the page URL above, not a PDF or /api/ URL.