# Geography Grade 12 Paper 1 KZN Prelim 2016 Question Paper

> Grade 12 Geography Paper 1 question paper from the KZN Prelim 2016, 16 pages. Read online or get the free PDF download, memo linked when available.

- Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/2016-kzn-prelim-p1-qp/0050ae06-77ae-4e8a-b097-e3ca55183ebe
- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Geography
- Grade: Grade 12
- Document type: Question paper
- Year: 2016
- Exam period: KZN Prelim
- Paper: 1
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 16

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## About this document

Geography · Grade 12 · KZN Prelim · 2016. Question paper, 16 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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## Document text

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### Page 1

Education

KwaZulu-Natal Department of Education
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

POC 2 Lee leer.

" GEOGRAPHY P1 i

” ”

: PREPARATORY EXAMINATION :

. SEPTEMBER 2016 i

‘ reer rT

NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE

MARKS: 225

‘IME: 3 hours

This question paper consists of 15 pages and a 11 page Annexure.

Please Turn Over

### Page 2

Geography/P4 2

NSC
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

41. This question paper consists of FOUR questions.
2. Answer ANY THREE questions of 75 marks each.
3. ALL diagrams are included in the ANNEXURE.

4, Leave a line between subsections of questions answered,

5. Start EACH question at the top of a NEW page.

6. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in
this question paper.

7. Do NOT write in the margins of your ANSWER BOOK.
8. Where possible, illustrate your answers with labelled diagrams.

9. Write clearly and legibly.

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September 2016 Preparatory Examination

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### Page 3

Geography/P1

SECTION A: CLIMATE, WEATHER AND GEOMORPHOLOGY

Answer at least ONE question from SECTION A. If you answer ONE question
from SECTION A you must answer both questions from SECTION B.

QUESTION 1

4.1. FIGURE 1.1 illustrates the origin of a mid-latitude cyclone in the Southern
Hemisphere. Various options are provided as possible answers to the
following questions. Choose the correct answer and write only the letter
(A—D) next to the question number (1.1.1-1.1.7) in the answer book

e.g. 1.1.8 D.

1.1.1. The latitude at P is approximately ...south.

A
B
Cc
D

1.1.2 The line labelled Q is known as the ...front.

A
B
Cc
D

1.1.3 The following air movements take place along the line labelled Q.

A
B
) Cc
D

1.1.4 The winds at R are known as ...winds.

A
B
c
D

o°-5°

70° ~ 90°
55° — 65°
25° - 35°

polar
moisture
cold
warm

convergence and subsidence
convergence and upliftment
divergence and subsidence
divergence and upliftment

westerly

polar easterly
polar westerly
tropical easterly

1.1.5 The air mass at Tis ...

A
B
Cc
D

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cold and humid.
cold and dry.

warm and humid.

warm and dry.

September 2016 Preparatory Examination

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### Page 4

Geography/P1

4.2

4
NSC
4.1.6 As this system develops it moves from ...
A north to south.
B east to west.
Cc south to north.
D west to east.

4.1.7 The mid-latitude cyclone shown in FIGURE 1.1 is inits ...stage of

development.

A initial

B wave

Cc warm sector/mature
D occlusion

Choose a term from COLUMN B that matches the description in COLUMN
Write down the question number (1.2.1 — 1.2.8) one below the other and w
only the correct letter next to the question number in the ANSWER BOOK.
e.g. 1.2.9 J.

September 2016 Preparatory Examination

(7x 1) (7)

A.
rite

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.2.1 Fluvial feature found at the mouth of a river A ox-bow lake
1.2.2 Water that enters the soil B waterfall
1.2.3. The upper level of groundwater Cc base flow
1.2.4 Fluvial feature formed mainly by vertical erosion | D infiltration
1.2.5 Water that flows on the surface after it rains E delta
1.2.6 Flow of water under ground to rivers F water table
1.2.7 Fluvial feature formed when the neck of a G v-shaped valley
meander is bridged during a flood
H run-off
1.2.8 Fluvial feature formed at a knickpoint.
| groundwater
(8 x 1)(8)
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### Page 5

Geography/P1

1.3

14

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5 September 2016 Preparatory Examination
NSC

Study FIGURE 1.3 which shows a sketch of a hurricane approaching
the USA.

1.3.1

1.3.2

1.3.3

Provide evidence from FIGURE 1.3 that a hurricane is shown. (1x 1)(1)

Provide TWO pieces of evidence from FIGURE 1.3 that the
Texan coastal community is well-prepared for the possible
occurrence of a hurricane. (2 x 1) (2)

With reference to FIGURE 1.3, give ONE reason why one can
say that the hurricane is in its mature stage of development. (1 x 2) (2)

1.3.4 Of what importance is satellite imagery in the tracking of a

1.3.5

1.3.6

hurricane? (1x 2)(2)

Give ONE reason why this hurricane will dissipate when it makes
landfall (reaches land). (1x 2) (2)

In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, assess, why the

impact of this hurricane will be less severe in terms of the loss of

lives for the USA as compared to a tropical cyclone of a similar

intensity if it struck Mozambique. (4.x 2)(8)

Study FIGURE 1.4 illustrating the influence of aspect in a valley in the
Southern Hemisphere.

1.4.1

1.4.2

1.4.3

1.4.4

1.4.5

Define the term aspect. (1x 1)(1)

Give ONE piece of evidence from the diagram that the illustrated
valley is in the Southern Hemisphere. (1x1) (1)

Draw a simple, labelled, freehand sketch to illustrate the
development of katabatic air flow at night time in this valley. (3 x 1) (3)

Describe TWO conditions necessary for the formation of frost on
the valley floor in winter. (2 x 2)(4)

Explain why farmers will be selective about the crops they plant
on slopes at A and B respectively. (2 x 2) (4)

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### Page 6

Geography/P1

1.6

1.6

6
NSC

Study FIGURE 1.5 which shows the longitudinal profile of the
Boquet river.

1.5.1

1.6.2

1.5.3

1.5.4

1.5.5

Define the term /ongtitudinal profile.
Name the source of the Boquet river.
Identify ONE temporary base level along the Boquet River.

Explain how the Boquet River’s gradient in its upper
course enables it to erode.

Explain in a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines how river
rejuvenation could change the fluvial features along the course
of the Boquet River.

Study FIGURE 1.6 that shows the Tugela drainage basin and answer
the questions that follow.

1.6.1
1.6.2
1.6.3

1.6.4

1.6.5

1.6.6

Define the term drainage basin.

Name the drainage pattern of the Tugela River.

Identify the feature marked C in FIGURE 1.6.

The Tugela river shows a medium to high drainage density.
Explain TWO factors that could have contributed to this
drainage density.

Determine the stream order where the Tugela river enters the
ocean.

Suppose that this drainage basin receives heavy rainfall for
several days.

(a) How will this continuous heavy rainfall impact on the

stream order of the Tugela River where it enters the sea.

(b) Explain your answer to QUESTION 1.6.6 (a).

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September 2016 Preparatory Examination

(1x 1)(1)
(1x 1)(1)
(1x 1)(1)

(2 x 2)(4)

(4 x 2) (8)

(1x 1)(1)
(1x1) (1)
(1.x 1) (1)

(2 x 2) (4)

(1 x 2) (2)

(4 x 2) (2)
(2x 2) (4)
(75)

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### Page 7

Geography/P1 September 2016 Preparatory Examination

7
NSC
QUESTION 2

2.1. Refer to FIGURE 2.1 showing a synoptic weather map. (The letters A, B, C
and D have been printed on the synoptic chart)

2.1.1 Give ONE piece of evidence from the synoptic weather map
that indicates that the map represents a summer situation.

2.1.2 Describe the pressure gradient at A.
2.1.3 Identify the pressure cells B and C.

2.1.4 With reference to the weather system D:
(a) Identify the weather system.

(b) | How many such weather systems had occurred before
Bongani in the present season.

(c) State the latitudinal position of this system.
(d) Give the general direction of movement of this system. (8 x 1) (8)

2.2 Refer FIGURE 2.2 Choose the correct word from within the brackets.
Write only the question number and your choice of word e.g. 2.2.8
metamorphic.

2.2.1 The underlying rock structure of this river is (sedimentary/igneous).
2.2.2 The meandering river at 1 is found in its (upper/middle) course.
2.2.3 The uplifted feature at 2 is caused by (folding/faulting).

2.2.4 The rate of erosion is the (same/not the same) as the rate of
upliftment.

2.2.5 A common fluvial landscape found at 3 is a (gorge/waterfall).
2.2.6 The river is much (older/younger) than the surrounding landscape.

2.2.7 The FIGURE 2.2 shows a (superimposed/antecedent) river
drainage. (7x 1)(7)

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### Page 8

2.3

24

Geography/P1

8 September 2016 Preparatory Examination

NSC

Refer to FIGURE 2.3 showing heat island and pollution dome
experienced during the day.

2.3.1

2.3.2

2.3.3

2.3.4

2.3.5

2.3.6

Define the term pollution dome.

(1.x 1)(1)

State the difference in temperature between rural and urban areas. (1 x 1)(1)

With reference to evapo-transpiration, give ONE reason for the
lower temperatures experienced in rural areas.

Compare the levels of precipitation over a city to that of the
rural areas,

Comment on the quality of precipitation experienced over a city.

In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, describe, with
reasons, how the heat and pollution dome will change during the
night.

Refer to FIGURE 2.4 A and 2.4 B showing the different positions of the
upper air inversion layer over South Africa.

2.41

2.4.2

2.4.3
2.4.4

245

2.4.6

Define the term Inversion layer.

Which of the diagrams, FIGURE 2.4 A or 2.4 B, represents
summer months?

Give ONE reason for your answer to QUESTION 2.4.2.

Name the high pressure cell responsible for the changing
altitude of the inversion layer,

Explain how the position of the inversion layer influences
the amount of rainfall received over the South African interior
in FIGURE 2.4 A.

How will the varying amounts of rainfall over the South
African interior in summer and winter, impact on farming
activities?

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(1x 2) (2)

(1x 2)(2)

(1 x 2)(2)

(4x2) (8)

(1x1) (1)

(1x 1) (1)

(1 x 2) (2)

(1x2) (2)

(2 x 2) (4)

(2 x 2) (4)

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### Page 9

Geography/P1 9 September 2016 Preparatory Examination
NSC

2.5 Refer to FIGURE 2.5 showing river capture.

2.5.1 Define the term river capture. (1x 1)(1)
: 2.5.2 \dentify the features of river capture labelled B and C. (2 x 1) (2)
2.5.3 Provide TWO possible reasons why river Y captured river X. (2 x 2) (4)

2.54 Mention TWO changes in river B after river capture has taken
place. (2 x 2) (4)

2.5.5 Outline the impact of river capture on farming activities along
river B. (2 x 2) (4)

2.6 Read the article in FIGURE 2.6 which is a case study of the Kat River
Valley catchment in the Eastern Cape.

2.6.1 Define the term catchment management. (1x 1) (4)

2.6.2 State the environmental problem that led to decline of the water
quality of the water of the Kat River catchment area. (1x 1) (1)

2.6.3 What is the main aim of the Department of Water Affairs and
the community stakeholders in the Kat River catchment
project? (1x 1) (1)

2.6.4. Why is it important to involve the local communities in catchment
management? (2.x 2) (4)

2.6.5 As anewly appointed environmental officer in the Department
of Water Affairs, outline your strategies to help rectify the
damage to the Kat River Dam and to reduce the water stress
being experienced by local Municipalities in the Kat River Valley
catchment area. (4 x 2) (8)

[75]

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### Page 10

Goography/P1

10
NSC

September 2016 Preparatory Examination

SECTION B: RURAL AND URBAN SETTLEMENT, ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY

OF SOUTH AFRICA

Answer at least ONE question from this section. If you answer ONE question

from SECTION B you must answer both questions from SECTION A.

QUESTION 3

3.1

3.2

Study FIGURE 3.1 showing rural settlement patterns found in

South Africa.

3.1.1
3.1.2
3.1.3

3.1.4
3.1.5

3.1.6

Identify each of the settlement patterns labelled A and D.

Identify the shape of settlement B.

Give ONE factor that may have influenced the shape of

settlement B.

Which settlement is a wet point settlement?

Why is settlement mentioned in QUESTION 3.1.4 a wet point

settlement?

Identify the physical factor responsible for the site of settlement A. (7 x 1){7)

Choose a term from COLUMN B that matches the description in COLUMN A.
Write down (3.2.1 ~ 3.2.8) one below the other and write only the correct
letter next to the question number in the ANSWER BOOK. e.g. 3.2.9 J.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

3.2.1 Industries that depend largely on manual A Tertiary

labour

B Labour intensive

3.2.2 Establishment of new industries outside the

core areas Cc Trade
3.2.3 Industries that use expensive machinery on D Capital intensive

large scale
3.2.4 Economic activity that renders a service E Industrial

decentralisation
3.2.5 import and export relations between countries
; F Footloose

3.2.6 Value of goods and services produced in a

country in one year G Gross domestic

product

3.2.7 Economic activity that involves scientific

research H Bridge industries
3.2.8 Industries that are not affected by locational I Quaternary

factors

(8 x 1) (8)

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### Page 11

Geography/P1 11
NSC

September 2016 Preparatory Examination

3.3. Rural urban migration has become a world-wide trend in recent times. As a
result of this trend, more and more people live in urban areas. South Africa is

not unique in the problems experienced in rural settlements.
3.3.1 Define the term rural-urban migration.
3.3.2 Give ONE push factor responsible for rural-urban migration.

3.3.3 Explain TWO sustainable farming strategies that can be used
to attract people to the rural areas.

3.3.4 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT fines, evaluate the
consequences of rural-urban migration on rural areas.
3.4 Refer to FIGURE 3.4 based on Urban Sprawl.
3.4.1 Define the term urban sprawl.

3.4.2 What message is the cartoonist trying to convey (get across) to
readers about urban sprawl?

3.4.3 State ONE reason why people and businesses are attracted to
the outskirts of the city.

3.4.4. Why are farmers concerned about urban sprawl?

3.4.5 Mention ONE problem that city councils experience regarding
urban sprawl.

3.4.6 Provide TWO possible solutions to slow down urban sprawl.

3.5 Refer to FIGURE 3.5 based on South African mining and quarrying.
3.5.1. To which economic sector does mining and quarrying belong to?

3.5.2 Describe the trend in the contribution of mining and quarrying
to South Africa’s GDP.

3.5.3 Provide ONE reason why the South African mining industry
must be revitalised (strengthened).

3.5.4 Discuss the significance of mining and quarrying to the
South African economy.

3.5.5 In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, discuss how labour
issues and mining hazards contributed to the trend described in

QUESTION 3.5.2.

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(1x 1)(1)
(1x 2)(2)

(2x 2) (4)

(4x 2)(8)

(1«1)(1)

(4 x 2) (2)

(1x2) (2)
(2 x 2) (4)

(1.x 2) (2)
(2 x 2)(4)

(1x 1)(1)

(1x1) (1)

(1x1) (1)

(2x 2) (4)

(4x 2) (8)

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Geography/P1 12 September 2016 Preparatory Examination

NSC

3.6 Read the extract on the Eastern Cape in FIGURE 3.6. South Africa's
fourth largest industrial region, Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage, is located in
this province,

3.6.1 Name the main industry found in the Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage
industrial region.

3.6.2 What is meant by the term subsidiary industries as mentioned in
the extract?

3,6.3 Mention ONE product produced by the subsidiary industries
found in the Port Elizabeth Uitenhage industrial region.

3.6.4 Explain why the location of the Port Elizabeth Uitenhage
industrial region is an advantage for international trade.

3.6.5 The situation of the Port Elizabeth Uitenhage industrial region,
far from the major power stations has increased the cost of
electricity. Explain how this cost factor can be overcome.

3.6.6 Discuss the importance of Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage industrial
region to the economic development of the Eastern Cape.

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(1x 1)(1)

(1x1) (1)

(1x1) (1)

(2 x 2) (4)

(2 x2) (4)

(2 x 2) (4)
[75]

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### Page 13

Geography/P1

13 September 2016 Preparatory Examination
NSC

QUESTION 4

41

4,2

Copyright Reserved

Select your answer from alternatives provided within the block. Write down question
numbers (4.1.1 — 4.1.8) one below the other and write only the answer next to it.

urban profile, conurbation, urban growth, urban expansion,
counter-urbanisation, village, metropolis, town, megalopolis

4.4.2
4.1.3

4.1.4
4.1.5
4.1.6
4.1.7
4.1.8

A large city surrounded by several towns which are dependent on it.

The smallest urban settlement.

A large urban settlement formed when several towns and cities merge
as a result of rapid expansion.

A large settlement formed when several conurbations merge.
The physical or aerial growth of a town or city.

Side view of a town or city.

The increase in the number of urban inhabitants,

Movement of people from major cities to smaller urban settlements
and rural areas. (8 x 1) (8)

Refer to FIGURE 4.2 which shows types of farming (A and B).
Match the farming type A or B to the statements below.

4.2.1
4.2.2
4.2.3
4.2.4
4.2.5
4.2.6

4.2.7

High yield per hectare.

Presence of farm boundaries and roads.
Traditional farming methods are used.
Farm for own use.

Large capital input needed.

Contributes to food security.

Crops such as maize and vegetable are grown on asmallscale. (7 x 1) (7)

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### Page 14

Geography/P1 14 September 2016 Preparatory Examination
NSC

4.3 Refer to FIGURE 4,3 based on land reform in South Africa.

4.3.1 Name ONE factor prior to 1994 that allowed white commercial
farmers to control 80% of agricultural land. (1x 1) (1)

4.3.2 Suggest TWO main reasons for land reform in post- apartheid
South Africa, (2 x 2) (4)

4.3.3 Describe the principle of the ‘willing seller, willing buyer’ (WSWB). (1 x 2) (2)

4.3.4 Explain TWO ways in which the principle of the WSWB has
impacted negatively on land reform. (2 x 2) (4)

4.3.5 Discuss TWO challenges/obstacles (excluding the WSWB) that
have resulted from the Land Reform Programme. (2 x 2) (4)

(>)

4.4 Refer to FIGURE 4.4 showing the CBD of a large city.
4.4.1 Write out the abbreviation CBD in full. (1x 1) (4)

4.4.2 Provide evidence from the source to indicate that the CBD;
(a) _ is most accessible. (1x 1) (1)

(b) has intensive land-use. (1x1) (1)

4.4.3 Discuss TWO reasons why the CBD has a larger
population density during the day than during the night. (2 x 2) (4)

4.4.4 The CBD is losing its prominence (importance) in many South ;
African cities due to Jack of planning. In a paragraph of (
approximately EIGHT lines, outline possible solutions to revitalise
(renew) the CBD into a sustainable unit. (4 x 2) (8)

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### Page 15

Geography/P1 15 September 2016 Preparatory Examination
NSC

4.5 Refer to FIGURE 4.5 showing one solution for food insecurity in

South Africa.
4.5.1. Define the term food insecurity. (1.x 1)(1)
4.5.2 What is a genetically modified crop? (1.x 1) (1)

4.5.3. Which words in the cartoon indicates that the two businessmen
are dissatisfied with the independent scientist overseeing the
GM crop production programme. (1x 1) (1)

4.5.4 Explain the significance of the independent scientists standing
outside the fence. (2 x 2) (4)

4.5.5 Discuss TWO ways in which genetically modified foods can
help solve the problem of food insecurity in South Africa. (2 x 2) (4)

4.5.6 Explain how poor and incorrect farming methods have
contributed to food insecurity. (2 x 2) (4)

4.6 Study FIGURE 4.6 based on Richards Bay Industrial Development Zone.
4.6.1 Define the term Industria! Development Zone. (1.x 1) (4)

4.6.2. What makes Richards Bay strategically placed as an Industrial
Development Zone? (2 x 1) (2)

4.6.3 Describe the relationship between an Industrial Development
Initiative and a Spatial Development Zone. (1 x 2) (2)

4.6.4. Mention ONE contribution of the Richards Bay IDZ to the
development of the local communities. (1 x 2) (2)

4.6.5 The Richards Bay IDZ claims to be operating within a global context,
with great potential for development. In a paragraph of approximately
EIGHT lines, discuss the factors that favour economic development
in the Richards Bay IDZ. (4 x 2) (8)

[75]
GRAND TOTAL: [225]

Copyright Reserved

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