# Physical Sciences Grade 12 Gauteng Mock 2017 Memo

> Grade 12 Physical Sciences memorandum from the Gauteng Mock Exam 2017, 12 pages. Read online or get the free PDF download, question paper linked when available.

- Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/2017-chemie-v2-memo-gp/b6a6c626-b8f8-402d-bce2-86387550132f
- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Physical Sciences
- Grade: Grade 12
- Document type: Memorandum
- Year: 2017
- Exam period: Gauteng Mock Exam
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 12

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          PREPARATORY EXAMINATION
          VOORBEREIDENDE EKSAMEN
                           2017
                 MARKING GUIDELINES /
                     NASIEN RIGLYNE

  PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY (SECOND PAPER) (10842)

 FISIESE WETENSKAPPE: CHEMIE (TWEEDE VRAESTEL) (10842)

12 pages / bladsye

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                      GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
                   GAUTENGSE DEPARTEMENT VAN ONDERWYS
                             PREPARATORY EXAMINATION
                             VOORBEREIDENDE EKSAMEN

       PROOFREAD    DATE ___________       PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY /
       SIGNATURE   _________________       FISIESE WETENSKAPPE: CHEMIE
       PROOFREAD    DATE ___________       (Second Paper)(Tweede Vraestel)
       SIGNATURE   _________________

                                           MEMORANDUM

QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
VRAAG 1: MEERVOUDIGEKEUSE VRAE

1.1    C                                                               (2)

1.2    B                                                               (2)

1.3    C                                                               (2)

1.4    A                                                               (2)

1.5    D                                                               (2)

1.6    A                                                               (2)

1.7    C                                                               (2)

1.8    B                                                               (2)

1.9    C                                                               (2)

1.10   A                                                               (2)
                                                                        [20]

                                       2

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QUESTION / VRAAG 2

2.1   A series of organic compounds that can be described by the same general
      formula 
      OR
      A series of organic compounds in which one member differs from the next with a
      CH2 group.                                                           (2  or nil)
      ŉ Reeks organise verbindings wat beskryf kan word deur dieselfde algemene
      formule.
      OF
      ŉ Reeks organiese verbindings waarin een lid verskil van die volgende met ŉ CH2
      groep.                                                              (2  of nul)    (2)

2.2   2.2.1   B: Esters                                                                   (1)

      2.2.2   C: Aldehydes  Aldehiede                                                     (1)

2.3   CnH2n                                                                               (1)
         
2.4   Pentanoic acid       Pentanoësuur                                                   (2)

2.5   2.5.1   HIGHER THAN  HOëR AS                                                        (1)

      2.5.2   Negative marking from Q2.5.1 to Q 2.5.2 / Negatiewe nasien vanaf
              V2.5.1 tot 2.5.2
              (Next member is hexanoic acid.)/ (Volgende lid is heksanoësuur.)

              Structure / Struktuur
              Because hexanoic acid has a larger surface area / longer chain length /
              increasing molecular mass than pentanoic acid, this causes more
              intermolecular forces V
              Aangesien heksanoësuur ŉ groter kontakoppervlakte het / langer ketting /
              toename in molekulêre massa as pentanoësuur, sal dit tot meer
              intermolekulêre kragte lei.

              Intermolecular forces / Intermolekulêre kragte
              More intermolecular forces / induced dipole forces / London forces /
              dispersion forces / and hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group of
              neighbouring molecules in hexanoic acid V
              Meer intermolekulêre kragte / geïnduseerde dipoolkragte / Londonkragte /
              dispersiekragte / en waterstofbinding tussen die hidroksielgroepe of
              naburige molekule in heksanoësuur

              Energy: / Energie
              More energy needed to overcome / break intermolecular forces in
              hexanoic acid. V (Therefore a higher boiling point in next member of
              homologous series.)
              Meer energie benodig om intermolekulêre kragte te oorkom / breek in
              heksanoësuur. (Daarom ŉ hoër kookpunt in die volgende homoloë reeks.)

              OR / OF

                                              3

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              Structure / Struktuur
              Because pentanoic acid has a smaller surface area / shorter chain
              length / lower molecular mass than hexanoic acid, this causes less
              intermolecular forces V
              Omdat pentanoësuur ŉ kleiner oppervlakarea het / korter kettinglengte /
              laer molekulêre massa as heksanoësuur, veroorsaak dit minder
              intermolekulêre kragte.

              Intermolecular forces / Intermolekulêre kragte
              Lower intermolecular forces / induced dipole forces / London forces /
              dispersion forces / and hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group of
              neighbouring molecules in pentanoic acidV
              Minder intermolekulêre kragte / geïnduseerde dipoolkragte /
              Londonkragte / dispersiekragte / en waterstofbinding tussen die
              hidroksielgroep van naburige molekule in pentanoësuur.

              Energy / Energie
              Less energy needed to overcome/break intermolecular forces in
              pentanoic acid than in hexanoic acid. V
              Minder energie word benodig om die intermolekulêre kragte te oorkom /
              breek in pentanoësuur as in heksanoësuur.                                                          (3)

2.6   2.6.1   Same molecular formula, but different positions of the side chain,
              substituents or functional groups on the parent chain. VV
              Dieselfde molekulêre formule maar veerskillende posisies van die
              syketting, substituente of funksionele groepe op die moederketting.                                (2)

      2.6.2           H       H        H           H       H
                                                                           Marking guideline / Nasienriglyne:
              H       C       C        C           C       C       O         • Structure correct 2 / 2
                                                                             • Struktuur korrek 2/2
                      H       H      H     H               H           H
                                  pentan-1-ol
              OR / OF
                                           H
                                   O
                  H       H                    H       H
              H   C       C        C           C       C       H
                  H       H        H           H       H

                              pentan-3-ol                                                                       (2)

      2.6.3   (Positive marking from 2.6.2) / (Positiewe nasien vanaf 2.6.2)
              Pentan-1-ol 
              OR / OF
              Pentan-3-ol                                                                                      (2)
                                                                                                                [17]

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QUESTION / VRAAG 3

3.1 3.1.1          H   V                           Marking guideline / Nasienriglyne:
                H C H         V                    • Water molecule not required / watermolekule nie
                H   H H         O H                  nodig nie
                                                   • Ester functional group correct  / korrekte
            H   C C C C O C C          H
                                                     funksionele groep vir ester
                H H H H            H       V       • Methyl side chain correct  /metielketting korrek
                                                   • Whole structure correct / hele struktuur korrek 3/3
            (3-methylbutyl ethanoate and H2O)
            (3-metielbutieletanoaat en water)                                                        (3)

    3.1.2   To smell the ester  / Om die ester te ruik

            (The smell of the ester is masked by the smell of the carboxylic acid.
            Esters are fairly insoluble in water and form a thin layer on the water
            surface. Esters are volatile. The excess acid and alcohol both dissolve in
            water and are less volatile and the smell is less pronounced.)
            (Die reuk van die ester word gemasker deur die reuk van die
            karboksielsuur. Esters is redelik oplosbaar in water en vorm ŉ dun lag op
            die water oppervlakte. Esters is vlugtig. Die oormaat suur en alcohol los
            beide op in water en is minder vlugtig en die reuk is minder opvallend.)                 (1)

    3.1.3   Any TWO safety precautions: / Enige TWEE veiligheidsmaatreëls:

            •   Sulphuric acid is corrosive. Use safety equipment e.g. goggles,
                gloves, glass ware. 
                Swawelsuur is vretend. Gebruik veiligheidsklere, bv. Veiligheidsbrille,
                handskoene, glassware.
            •   Do not use a pipette to suck up the acid. 
                Moet nie ŉ pipet gebruik om die suur op te suig nie.
            •   Because heat is involved and alcohols are flammable, a water bath is
                needed in which to place the test tube. 
                Omdat hitte betrokke is en alkohole is vlambaar, word ŉ waterbad
                benodig om die proefbuis in te plaas.                                                (2)

3.2 3.2.1   hexan-2-ol     heksan-2-ol                                                             (2)

    3.2.2   Addition reaction/hydration  / addissiereaksie / hidrasie                               (1)

    3.2.3   Any TWO: / Enige TWEE:

            Excess water / Small amount of acid as catalyst (sulphuric or phosphoric)
            / Mild heat                                            mark each

            Oormaat water / klein hoeveelheid van die suur as katalisator
            (swawelsuur of fosforsuur) / matige hitte              een punt elk.                    (2)

                                               5

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3.3 3.3.1           H
                H   C   HV

                H       H
            H   C   C   C   H
                H   Cl H         whole structure / hele struktuur                          (2)

    3.3.2   2-chloro-2-methylpropane  and water 
            2-chloro-2-metielpropaan en water                                               (3)

3.4 3.4.1   High temperature  / Hoë temperatuur
            High pressure  / Hoë druk                                                      (2)

    3.4.2   Ethene  / eteen                                                                (1)

    3.4.3   Dehydration  / dehidrasie                                                      (1)

    3.4.4   A polymer formed when monomers (usually containing a double bond)
            combine through an addition reaction. 
            ŉ Polimeer vorm wanneer monomere (gewoonlik met ŉ dubbelbinding)
            kombineer deur ŉ addissiereaksie.                                               (2)

    3.4.5   Polythene  / politeen of polietileen                                           (1)
                                                                                           [23]

QUESTION / VRAAG 4

4.1 4.1.1   10 kJ                                                                          (1)

    4.1.2   -20 kJ                                                                         (1)

4.2 4.2.1   The particles with sufficient kinetic energy for a reaction to take place. 
            Die deeltjies met genoegsame kinetiese energie vir ŉ reaksie om plaas te
            vind.                                                                           (1)

    4.2.2   B                                                                              (1)

    4.2.3   Increasing temperature increases the rate of reaction.  Molecules must
            collide with sufficient energy for bonds to break  and a reaction to occur
            (activation energy). When the temperature is increased, more particles
            have enough energy for more effective collisions to take place  and
            more particles have energy greater than the activation energy. 
            Vermeerdering van die temperatuur verhoog die tempo van die reaksie.
            Molecule moet bots met genoegsame energie vir die bindings om te
            breek en ŉ reaksie om plaas te vind (aktiveringsenergie). Wanneer die
            temperatuur verhoog, het meer deeltjies genoeg energie vir meer
            effektiewe botsings om plaas te vind en meer deeltjies het energie groter
            as die aktiveringsenergie.

            OR / OF
                                                                                            (4)
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            Increase in energy increases kinetic energy. As the kinetic energy of the
            particles increase, more particles have sufficient activation energy, the
            chances of colliding with correct orientation increases, more effective
            collisions per unit time takes place.
            Toename in energie verhoog die kinetiese energie. Indien die kinetiese
            energie van die deeltjies verhoog, is daar meer deeltjies met genoegsame
            aktiveringsenergie, die kanse vir botsings met korrekte oriëntasie
            verhoog, meer effektiewe botsings per eenheid tyd vind plaas.

4.3 4.3.1   Graph of time of reaction taking place vs Volume of N2O5
            Grafiek van tyd van reaksie wat plaasvind teenoor Volume van N2O5                          (5)

                                                      Marking guideline / Nasienriglyne:
                                                      •   Heading  Opskrif
                                                      •   Both axes labeled  Beide asse
                                                          benoem
                                                      •   Correct scale used for both graphs 
                                                          Korrekte skaal gebruik vir beide
                                                          grafieke
                                                      •   Used data from table to plot points
                                                          correctly  Gebruik data vanaf table
                                                          om punte korrek te plot.
                                                      •   Correct shape of graph/line of best fit 
                                                          Korrekte vorm van grafiek / beste
                                                          paslyn

    4.3.2   The change in concentration of reactants or products per unit time.  
            Die verandering in konsentrasie van reaktante of produkte per eenheid
            tyd.                                                                                       (2)

                                                  volume N2O5          used
    4.3.3   Rate of reaction (Reaksietempo) =                                     
                                                         ∆t
                0,06
                      = 2,5 x 10 mol∙dm ∙s
                                 -4     -3 -1
            =                                     
                240

            (Allow for a range 2,4 – 2,6 x 10-4 – see learner’s graphs)
            (Laat toe vir ŉ reeks van 2,4 – 2,6 x 10-4 -sien leerder se grafiek)                       (3)
                                                                                                      [18]

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QUESTION / VRAAG 5

5.1 When the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.
    
    Or
    When both reactants and products continue to form at the same time.
    Wanneer die tempo van die voorwaartse reaksie gelyk is aan die tempo van die
    terugwaartse reaksie
    Of
    Wanneer beide reaktante en produkte aanhou vorm op dieselfde tyd.                                (2)

5.2                                    4AO2(g)     2A2O3(g) +      O2(g)
                                         ⇌
                 Molar ratio             4              2            1
             Molêre verhouding
             Initial concentration        0             2,0         1,0
          Aanvanklike konsentrasie     (given)        (given)     (given)
                          -3
                 (mol·dm )
          Change in concentration                                             Use ratio 4:2:1 
         Verandering in konsentrasie    +4x             -2x          -x       Gebruik verhouding
                          -3
                 (mol·dm )
          Equilibrium concentration
                                                                                n at equilibrium 
          Konsentrasie by ewewig         4x           2,0-2x       1,0-x        n by ewewig
                          -3
                 (mol·dm )

      At equilibrium, AO2 is 10% decomposed. / By ewewig, AO2 word 10% ontbind.
      ∴[A2O3]eq = 10 % of 2,0       Use 10 % decomposition / Gebruik 10% ontbinding
                 10                   Marking criteria /Nasienriglyne:
      ∴ 2,0 – 2x =     x 2,0
                   100
                                           •   Use ratio 4:2:1 
      x = 0,9 mol·dm-3
                                           •   n(O2)eq = n(O2)ini - n(O2)change = 1,0 - x
      OR / OF                              •   n(A2O3)eq = n(A2O3)ini - n(A2O3)change
                                                                                                     V
                                               = 2,0 - 2x
      [O2] = 10% of 1                      •   n(AO2)eq = n(AO2)ini + n(AO2)change
                  10                           = 0 +4x
      ∴1 – x =       x1
                 100                       •   Use 10% of decomposition 
      x = 0,9 mol∙dm-3                     •   Equilibrium concentrations of all
                                               substances 
      Therefore at equilibrium: / Dus by ewewig:
      [AO2] = 4(0,9) = 3,6 mol·dm-3 
      [A2O3] = 2,0 – 2(0,9) = 0,20 mol·dm-3          Positive marking from x
                                                      Positiewe nasien vanaf x
      [O2] = 1,0 – 0,9 = 0,10 mol·dm-3                                                              (6)

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5.3 5.3.1     COLOURLESS  KLEURLOOS                                                             (1)

      5.3.2   (Negative marking from 5.3.1) / (Negatiewe nasien vanaf 5.3.1)

              Decreasing the volume will increase the pressure.
              Reaction will reduce the stress on the system by favouring the reaction
              that will reduce the pressure, i.e. less number of moles 

              Reaction will favour the forward reaction / production of A2O3(g) + O2(g) /
              decomposition of AO2(g) 
              More product / colourless gases will reduce the intensity of the mixture’s
              reddish-brown colour 

              Vermindering van volume sal die druk verhoog.
              Reaksie sal die versteuring teenwerk om die sisteem deur die reaksie te
              bevoordeel wat die druk sal verminder, dit is minder aantal mol.

              Die reaksie sal die voorwaartse reaksie bevoordeel / produksie van
              A2O3(g) + O2(g) / ontbinding van AO2(g)
              Meer produkte / kleurlose gasses al die intensiteit van diemengsel se
              rooi-bruin kleur verminder.                                                        (3)
                                                                                                [12]

QUESTION / VRAAG 6
6.1    An acid is a substance that donates a proton.       
       Or
       An acid is a proton donor.
       ŉ Suur is ŉ stof wat ŉ proton skenk.
       Of
       ŉ Suur is ŉ protonskenker.                                                               (2)

6.2      HPO42-                                                                                 (1)

6.3      6.3.1     Bromothymol blue.  / broomtimolblou                                          (1)

         6.3.2     Strong acid + strong base       pH range is between 6 and 7,6 
                   Sterk suur + sterk basis         pH reeks is tussen 6 en 7,6                  (2)

         6.3.3     OPTION / OPSIE 1                       OPTION / OPSIE 2
                   c a Va  n                                c a Va     n
                          = aV                                       = aV
                   c b Vb  nb                               c b Vb     nb
                                                                       15
                                                             (0,1)(        )
                    (0,1)(15)  1                                    1000      1
                               =                                             = 
                     c b (20)  2                              cb (
                                                                      20
                                                                          )   2
                                                                    1000

                    c b = 0,15 mol ⋅ dm-3                      c b = 0,15 mol ⋅ dm-3           (5)

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6.3.4   Option / Opsie 1                          Option / Opsie 2

        pOH = - log [OH-]                        KOH = 0,15 mol∙dm-3

        pOH = - log (0,15)                       [OH-][H3O+] = 10-14 = Kw 

        pOH = -(-0,82)                                       10 −14
                                                  [H3O+] =          
                                                             0,15
                                                           = 6,67 x 10-14 mol∙dm-3
        pOH = 0,82

        pH + pOH = 14 
                                                  pH = -log[H3O+] 
        pH = 14 – pOH
                                                  = - log (6,67 x 10-14) 
        pH = 14 – 0,82 
                                                  = 13,18 
        pH = 13,18 

        The pH of a 0,15 M solution of
        potassium hydroxide is 13,18.
        Die pH van ŉ 0,15 M oplossing van
        kaliumhidroksies is 13,18.                                                          (5)

6.4     6.4.1   Hydrolysis V Hidroliese                                                     (1)
        6.4.2   SMALLER THAN 7 V              KLEINER AS 7                                  (1)
        6.4.3   Hydrolysis of the salt of a strong acid and a weak base V results in
                an acidic solution.
                Hidroliese van die sout van ŉ sterk suur en ŉ swak basis eindig in ŉ
                suur oplossing.                                                             (1)
                                                                                           [19]

QUESTION / VRAAG 7

7.1     Copper  / Koper                                                                    (1)

7.2     The negative terminal  / Die negatiewe terminal                                    (1)

7.3     Reduced  / gereduseer                                                              (1)

7.4     Cu2+(aq) + 2e- → Cu(s)                                                             (1)

7.5     Electrons must be constantly supplied by the negative terminal  of the
        battery/power source and cannot alternate between terminals.  If AC is
        used no plating will occur  / Plating will continuously occur on both.
        Elektrone moet constant toegevoeg word tot die negatiewe terminaal van die
        battery / kragbron en kan nie wissel tussen terminale nie. Indien WS gebruik
        word sal geen platering plaasvind nie / platering sal plaasvind op beide
        gelyktydig.                                                                         (3)
                                                                                            [7]

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QUESTION / VRAAG 8

8.1 8.1.1   Ag(s) ∣ Ag+(aq)(1 mol·dm-3) ∣∣ Co3+(aq)(1 mol·dm-3)∣Co2+(aq) (1 mol·dm-3)
            (Do not penalise if phases and standard conditions are omitted.)
            (Moet nie penaliseer indien fases en standaardtoestande uitgelaat is
            nie)                                                                             (3)

    8.1.2   Co3+(aq)                                                                        (1)

    8.1.3   Co3+(aq) + e- → Co2+(aq)      Marking guidelines /Nasienriglyne:                (1)
                                           Co2+(aq)  Co3+(aq) + e-  1/1

                                           If double arrow, no marks
                                           Indien dubbel pyle, geen punte.

8.2 8.2.1   To determine the standard electrode potential of another half-cell. V
            Om die standard electrode potensiaal van ŉ ander halfsel te bereken.             (1)

    8.2.2   Platinum (Pt) V                                                                  (1)

    8.2.3   Complete the circuit / allow ions to move / maintain electrical neutrality /
            keep the electrolytes separate. V
            Voltooi die stroombaan / laat ione toe om te vloei / handhaaf elektriese
            neutraliteit / hou die elektroliete appart.                                      (1)

    8.2.4   Metal M is chromium (Cr). VV Metaal M is chroom (Cr)                             (2)

    8.2.5   2Cr + 6H+ → 2Cr3+ + 6H2               V reactants; V products; V balancing
                                                  Reaktante    produkte balansering          (3)

    8.2.6   DECREASE V / VERMINDER

            An increase in [Cr3+] will affect the equilibrium to the left, decreasing the
            concentration of products and increasing the concentration of reactants.
            This will result in a decrease in Vcell. V

            ŉ Toename in [Cr3+] sal die ewewig na links affekteer, vermindering van
            die konsentrasie van produkte en vermeerdering van die konsentrasie
            van die reaktante. Dit veroorsaak ŉ afname in Vsel.                              (2)

    8.2.7   0VV                                                                              (1)

    8.2.8   H2 is flammable V, H+ (or H3O+) is an acid which is corrosive. V
            H2 is vlambaar, H+ (of H3O+) is ŉ suur wat vretend is.                           (2)
                                                                                            [18]

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QUESTION 9 / VRAAG 9

9.1 9.1.1    2NO + O2 → 2NO2
              reactants  products       balancing
              Reaktante produkte           balansering                                      (3)

    9.1.2    Catalytic Oxidation of Ammonia  / Katalitiese oksidasie van ammoniak          (1)

    9.1.3    HNO3                                                                          (1)

9.2 9.2.1    (NH4)2SO4 / ammoniumsulphate  / ammoniumsulfaat                               (1)

    9.2.2    NH4NO3 / ammoniumnitrate  / ammoniumnitraat                                   (1)

9.3 Any TWO. ONE  each: Enige TWEE. EEN punt elk:
    - Nitrogen saturation of soil leads to washing away of other nutrients needed in
      the soil, into the rivers and dams.
    - Washing of top soil into lakes / rivers / dams causes it to become acidic.
    - Build up of nitrates in rivers (eutrophication) causes algae bloom that depletes
      oxygen causing aqueous life to die.
    - Build up of nitrates in drinking water can cause death of infants due to
      hemoglobin deficiency.
    - Ground water can become acidic.
    - Promotes growth of alien plants in dams and rivers.
    - Water poisoning / blue baby syndrome / nitrates potentially carcinogenic
    - stikstof versadiging van grond lei tot die weg wassery van ander nutrient
      benodig in die grond na die riviere en damme.
    - was van bo-grond na die mere / riviere / damme veroorsaak dat dit suur word.
    - opbou van nitrate in riviere (eutrifikasie) veroorsaak dat alge groei wat suurstof
      neem uit die water en diere en plante in water laat sterf.
    - grondwater word suur.
    - bevorder groei van uitheemse plante in damme en riviere.
    - water vergiftiging / blou baba sindroom / nitrate potensiaal karsinogenies            (2)

9.4 9.4.1    The N : P : K gives the proportion / ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and
             potassium in a fertilizer. 
             Die N : P : K verhouding gee die verhouding van stikstof, fosfor en
             kalium in die kunsmis.                                                         (1)

    9.4.2    4:5:8                                                                         (1)

    9.4.3    Lower N.  This is to prevent too much leaf growth, at the cost of fruit
             growth. 
             Laer N. Dit is om te voorkom dat te veel blare groei ten koste van vrugte.     (2)

    9.4.4    Fertilizer D (Kunsmis D) 8/17 x 25 = 11,77% 
             Fertilizer E (Kunsmis E) 9/27 x 20 = 6,67% 
             Thus Fertilizer D  (If only fertilizer D given as answer 1/3)
             Dus Kunsmis D (Indien slegs kunsmis D gegee as antwoord 1/3)                   (3)
                                                                                           [16]
                                                                    TOTAL / TOTAAL:        150
                                             12

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