# Geography Grade 12 Paper 2 KZN Prelim 2020 Memo > Grade 12 Geography Paper 2 memorandum from the KZN Prelim 2020, 10 pages. Read online or get the free PDF download, question paper linked when available. - Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/2020-kzn-prelim-p2-memo/9d0f0904-aed1-45fc-a790-cf38302825fc - Updated: 2026-09-27 - Subject: Geography - Grade: Grade 12 - Document type: Memorandum - Year: 2020 - Exam period: KZN Prelim - Paper: 2 - Curriculum: CAPS - Pages: 10 Breadcrumbs: [Home](https://www.hlayiso.com/) › [Library](https://www.hlayiso.com/library) › [Grade 12](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12) › [Geography](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12/geography) › [Geography Grade 12 Paper 2 KZN Prelim 2020 Memo](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/2020-kzn-prelim-p2-memo/9d0f0904-aed1-45fc-a790-cf38302825fc) ## About this document Geography · Grade 12 · KZN Prelim · 2020. Memorandum, 10 pages. Read online or download the PDF. Read it free online on the page above; download the PDF from there. ## Document text Text extracted from the PDF. Layout, diagrams and tables may not survive extraction. ### Page 1 NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE MARKS: 75 This marking guideline consists of 10 pages. Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 2 Geographv/P2 2 Preparatory Examination September 2020 QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS The questions below are based on the 1:50 000 topographical map (2731BC PONGOLA), as well as the orthophoto map 2731 BC 13 of a part of the mapped area. Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the correct answer and write only the letter (A _D) in the block next to each question. : 1.1 The international boundary line, to the north of the topographical map, separates Pongola from A Swaziland. B Mphumalanga. C Free State. AY D Lesotho. 1.2 The contour interval of the topographical map is metres. A 5 B 10 Cc 20 CY D 50 1.3. The length of the run-way in block D7 on the topographical map is metres. A 11 B 0.22 C 220 Dv D 1100 1.4 The grid reference of the waterfalls in block B4 is A 27019'30"E and 31033'43"S/20019,5'E 310133,7’S. B 270119'30"S and 31033'43"E/27019.5'S 31033,7°E Cc 31033'43"S and 270119'30°E/31033,7’'S 27019,5'E BY D 31033’43’E and 27019'30"S/31033,7'E 27019,5'S 1.5 The general direction of flow of the Mgugwane river in block B2 is south easterly. north westerly. south westerly. Dv north easterly. vaonaPr Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 3 Geography/P2 3 1.6 a7 1.8 1.9 ROR Mamnenncdiine The local wind that will blow into the valley between N in block D1 toM in block E3 during the night is the winds. A berg B anabatic Cc katabatic D fohn The Pongola River shows characteristics typical of a/an ... river. A seasonal B exotic Cc perennial D episodic The fluvial feature marked L in block B4 on the topographical map forms in areas of ... A alternate hard and soft rock. B uniform resistance to erosion. Cc fairly gentle gradient. D wide and shallow valleys. The landform feature limiting the expansion of Pongola to the south west on the orthophoto map is a A plateau. B conical hill. c mesa. ‘D mountain. 1.10 The type of road that passes through Pongola to Piet Retief is a/an ... secondary road. main road. national route. arterial route. leken: 2 1.11. The land-use zone encircled as O on the topographical map is a/an A residential zone. B zone of decay. Cc industrial zone. D commercial zone. Copyright Reserved Preparatory Examination September 2020 CY CY AY BY Cv AY Please Turn Over ### Page 4 Geographv/P2 4 Preparatory Examination September 2020 1.12 Pongola can be classified as a A metropolitan. B conurbation. Cc village. DY D town. 1.13 The settlement pattern at 10 on the orthophoto map is A nucleated. B linear nucleated C dispersed. cy D linear dispersed. 1.14 The economic activity in the loop of the meander in block H10 is a activity. : A primary B secondary c tertiary AY D quaternary 1.15 The area in which the aerodrome in block D7 is situated is the A CBD. B industrial zone. Cc rural-urban fringe. CY D residential zone. (15 x 1) [15] Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 5 Geography/P2 5 Preparatory Examination September 2020 QUESTION 2: MAPWORK CALCULATIONS AND TECHNIQUES 2.1 2.2 2.3 Refer to the demarcated area in RED on the topographical map which represents the orthophoto map. Use the demarcated area to calculate the area of the orthophoto map in km?. Show ALL calculations. Marks will be awarded for calculations. Formula: Area = length x breadth Length = 9.9”cmx0.5=4.95km (range: 4.9 5) Breadth = 7.3”cm x 0.5 = 3.65 km (range: 3.6 3.7) Area =4.95x3.65km ~“ = 18.07 km? (range: 17.64 18.5) (4x 1) (4) Why does the size of the settlements labelled 10 on the orthophoto map appear different in comparison to the topographic map? Orthophoto maps scale is 5 times larger than the scale of the topographic map Y Features are larger on the orthophoto map as compared to the topographic map ¥ 1:10 000 is a larger scale than 1:50 000” [Any ONE] (1 x 1) (1) 2.3.1 Calculate the average gradient between the bench mark 315.9 in block E7 and the trigonometrical station 75 in block F7 on the topographical map. Show ALL calculations. Marks will be awarded for calculations. Formula: Average gradient = Vertical interval Horizontal equivalent VI = 473.3-315.9 =157.4mv HE = 1.8cmx500 = 900m Y (Range: 1.7 - 1.9 cm x 500 = 850 - 950m) VI_= 157.4 ¥ HE = 900 = 4 ¥ 5.71 = 1:5.71V (Range: 1: 5.40 — 1: 6.03) (5 x 1) (5) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 6 Geogranhv/P? 6 Preparatory Examination September 2020 2.3.2 Explain your answer to QUESTION 2.3.1. For every 5.71m horizontal distance covered the land rises by Im Vv Vv (1 x 2) (2) 2.4 Update the magnetic declination for the current year. Marks will be awarded for calculations. Difference in years 2020 2002 = 18 yearsY Annual change = 12 west Total annual chance =18x12=216 Vv Magnetic declination: 2020 = 20006’ +v 216’ 200222'Y (3042’) 230142’ west of true north’ (5 x 1) (5) 2.5 Determine the magnetic bearing for 2020 of spot height 364 in block J10 from the trigonometrical station 76 in block J10 on the topographical map. Formula: Magnetic bearing = True bearing + Magnetic declination 1550VV + 23042’ 1780 42’v West of true north (3 x 1) (3) Range for True bearing: (154-156) [20] Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 7 Geography/P2 7 Preparatory Examination September 2020 QUESTION 3: APPLICATION AND INTERPRETATION 3.1. Refer to the demarcated area P on the topographical map which shows a dendritic drainage pattern. oi 3.1.3 Give ONE characteristic, visible on the topographic map, which indicates that a dendritic drainage pattern is shown. Resembles a branch of a treeY Tributaries join the main stream at acute angles” (1x 1) (1) (ANY ONE) Describe the underlying rock structure associated with a dendritic drainage pattern. Occurs on rocks that have a uniform/equal resistance to erosion Vv Associated with horizontal sedimentary and massive igneous rocks ¥ (ANY ONE) (1 x 1) (1) With reference to the dendritic drainage pattern found at P suggest how this pattern has favoured the cultivation of crops in the area. River channels are spread out evenly resulting in all parts of the cultivated area receiving watery V Water from the tributaries and the river are equally availablev Vv (1 x 2) (2) * (ANY ONE) 3.2 Refer to the settlement from N in block D1 to M in block E3. 3.2.1 3.2.2 Copyright Reserved Name the human-made feature that influenced the shape of the settlement. Road/N2/National route “ (1.x 1) (1) Assess the negative impact the human-made feature mentioned in QUESTION 3.2.1 will have on the people in that area. Smoke from motor vehicles will result in air pollution resulting in respiratory problems/wheezing/asthma VV Noise from vehicles will disturb the peace and harmony in the areav” Fast flowing traffic may pose a danger to the pedestrians.v Vv Crime rate may increase/hijacking/theftY V (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) Please Turn Over ### Page 8 Geogranhv/P2 8 Preparatory Examination September 2020 3.3. Refer to blocks D1 and D2 on the topographical map. 3.3.1 Describe the general topography (slope) of the area and support your answer with evidence from the topographical map. Answer: steep/hillyY ” Evidence: Rugged appearanceY v UndulatingYV Contour lines close togetherY V (ANY ONE) (1 + 2) (3) 3.3.2 Suggest how the general topography (slope) described in QUESTION 3.3.1 influenced the settlement pattern of the area. The steep slopes limit space for building resulting in nucleation in available spaces. VV It is difficult to build on steep slopes. VV There are fewllittle flat areas to build on. VW” (2 x 2) (4) (ANY TWO) 3.4. Refer to block F10 on the topographical map. 3.4.1 Name the secondary economic activity found in the area. Sugar milling’ (1 x 1) (1) 3.4.2 Explain TWO factors that favoured the location of the economic activity named in QUESTION 3.4.1. Large areas of flat land promoted the construction of the sugar millvY It is near water supply/river/reservoiry “ Close to raw materials since the mill is located on the sugar plantationv V Good network of roads to transport productsY V Availability of labour force from areas surrounding the sugar millv “ (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) 3.4.3 Assess TWO negative impacts that the economic activity mentioned in QUESTION 3.4.1 would have on the environment of the area. Air pollution created by smoke emitted from the chimneys. Vv“ Noise pollution created by the machinery. VV Water pollution created by the effluents from the industry. VV (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) [25] Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 9 Geography/P2 9 Preparatory Examination September 2020 QUESTION 4: GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) 4.1 4.2 4.3 Copyright Reserved Explain the meaning of the term spatial data. Spatial data refers to the shape and location of geographic features using coordinatesY [Concept] (1 x 1) (1) Identify the spatial data (co-ordinates) allocated for Pongola. 27°18’ SY 31°30’ EY (2 x 1) (2) Study the graph (FIGURE 4.3) which depicts temperature and rainfall data for Pongola. A statistical analysis of the data on the graph will be useful for farmers. The bar graph is an example of attribute data. "c *C: 21.7 mm: 678 a i120 sO 100 a a0 a a 20 4 lo 20 oO o oa 02 03 4 os a6 o7 08 wo w n Rn 4.3.1 What is attribute data? Attribute data refers to the descriptive properties of objects, events or features” i [Concept] (1x 1) (1) Please Turn Over ### Page 10 Geogranhv/P? 10 Preparatory Examination September 2020 4.4 45 4.3.2 Identify TWO attribute data indicated on the graph. Temperature V Rainfall Vv Months ¥ [Any TWO] (2 x 1) (2) 4.3.3 Explain how the attribute data indicated on the graph can assist a sugar-cane farmer in planning farming activities in Pongola. To determine the average temperature/rainfall for the yearvY To determine the maximum temperature/rainfallv To determine the minimum temperature/rainfallv V To determine months with high temperature/rainfallvV V To determine months with low temperature/rainfall VV (1 x 2) (2) [Any ONE] Refer to the orthophoto map which shows a high spatial resolution. 4.4.1 Explain the term spatial resolution. Spatial resolution refers to the degree of detail and clarity of an image’ [Concept] (1 x 1) (1) 4.4.2. Why can one say that the orthophoto map has a high spatial resolution? An orthophoto map has a large scale VV It shows more detailv V : (1 x 2) (2) [Any ONE] How can GIS assist city planners in determining where a new shopping centre can be built in Pongola? It can be used to locate the suitable area in which the shopping centre has to be built” It can be used to determine profitability by looking at the income bracket of the people that live in the surrounding areav Vv It can be used to determine transport routes to the new shopping centre’ Vv To identify crime hot spots in the area.vV¥ (2 x 2) (4) [Any TWO] TOTAL MARKS: 75 Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ## Related documents - [GEOGRAPHY P2 MEMO GR12 SEPT 2020 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/geography-p2-memo-gr12-sept-2020-english/1446b8af-f9eb-47bd-bf4b-728b36d8b686) — Geography · Memo · 2020 · Eng - [GEOGRAFIE P2 GR12 QP SEPT 2020 Afrikaans](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/geografie-p2-gr12-qp-sept-2020-afrikaans/55a61323-7634-4636-8d3b-14abf69a0a0d) — Geography · QP · 2020 · Afr - [2023 KZN Prelim P2 QP](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/2023-kzn-prelim-p2-qp/4d6a4eeb-5ee5-44a7-9392-783928539ee7) — Geography · QP · 2023 - [Geography P1 Nov 2020 Memo Eng](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/geography-p1-nov-2020-memo-eng-2/4c59a80f-eefb-4b65-9ca9-51658f6452b0) — Geography · Memo · 2020 · Eng - [2023 KZN Prelim P1 Memo](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/2023-kzn-prelim-p1-memo/2556a9a4-272d-4f3d-91da-8232c4b2e6b3) — Geography · Memo · 2023 - [2019 KZN Prelim P1 Memo](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/2019-kzn-prelim-p1-memo/472f1b13-6c25-4871-999e-76c4fcbeef40) — Geography · Memo · 2019 ## More from Grade 12 Geography - [Geography P1 (Afrikaans) June 2025 Question Paper](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/geography-p1-afrikaans-june-2025-question-paper/a52dca5e-efc4-4060-84c3-24f7269a2a79) — QP · 2025 · Afr - [Geography P2 (English) June 2025 Question Paper](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/geography-p2-english-june-2025-question-paper/ba0a3969-240a-4bba-bdb6-7d02a7f80205) — QP · 2025 · Eng - [Geography Grade 12 NSC P1 QP September 2025 KZN](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/geography-grade-12-nsc-p1-qp-september-2025-kzn/b87141de-a060-4504-8e9a-a5a35821df42) — QP · 2025 - [Geography Grade 12 NSC P2 QP September 2025 KZN](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/geography-grade-12-nsc-p2-qp-september-2025-kzn/50385845-0827-427a-b5e1-25ab349d4e0f) — QP · 2025 - [Geography P1 May-June 2025 Eng](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/geography-p1-may-june-2025-eng/bbabb3ad-00bf-45d9-aa3b-76a0d89ca2b6) — QP · 2025 · Eng - [Gr 12 Geography P2 (Afrikaans) 2024 Possible Answers](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/gr-12-geography-p2-afrikaans-2024-possible-answers/e19dd834-ffaf-4fe6-a8a4-9ee8f8597c29) — Memo · 2024 · Afr ## Collection - [Grade 12 past papers](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/past-papers) --- Hlayiso: free CAPS and IEB past papers, memos, notes and study guides for South African learners. 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