# Geography Grade 12 Paper 2 KZN Prelim 2023 Memo > Grade 12 Geography Paper 2 memorandum from the KZN Prelim 2023, 9 pages. Read online or get the free PDF download, question paper linked when available. - Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/2023-kzn-prelim-p2-memo/b6be43ea-d0cc-429d-8839-b61dee128ace - Updated: 2026-09-27 - Subject: Geography - Grade: Grade 12 - Document type: Memorandum - Year: 2023 - Exam period: KZN Prelim - Paper: 2 - Curriculum: CAPS - Pages: 9 Breadcrumbs: [Home](https://www.hlayiso.com/) › [Library](https://www.hlayiso.com/library) › [Grade 12](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12) › [Geography](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12/geography) › [Geography Grade 12 Paper 2 KZN Prelim 2023 Memo](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/2023-kzn-prelim-p2-memo/b6be43ea-d0cc-429d-8839-b61dee128ace) ## About this document Geography · Grade 12 · KZN Prelim · 2023. Memorandum, 9 pages. Read online or download the PDF. Read it free online on the page above; download the PDF from there. ## Document text Text extracted from the PDF. Layout, diagrams and tables may not survive extraction. ### Page 1 FINAL NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 GEOGRAPHY P2 MARKING GUIDELINES PREPARATORY EXAMINATION SEPTEMBER 2023 MARKS: 150 This marking guideline consists of 9 pages. Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 2 Geography/P2 2 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 D  1.1.2 A  1.1.3 C 1.1.4 B  1.1.5 D  1.1.6 C  1.1.7 A  1.1.8 C  (8 x 1) (8) 1.2 1.2.1 Y  1.2.2 Z 1.2.3 Z 1.2.4 Z 1.2.5 Y 1.2.6 Y 1.2.7 Z (7 x 1) (7) 1.3 1.3.1 Push factor forces people away from rural areas and Pull factor attract people to urban areas. (Both Push and Pull factors must be explained) (1 x 1) (1) 1.3.2 Conditions are not always as great as expected in the urban area Rural migrants often have to contend with a host of challenges in urban areas (Accept examples: crowded living conditions, informal housing, inadequate sanitation, exposure to crime and violence, lack of employment) (ANY ONE) (1 x 2) (2) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 3 Geography/P2 3 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline 1.3.3 Increased cost of living because goods/services are more expensive. Mechanisation has resulted in people losing their jobs / unemployment  (2 x 2) (4) 1.3.4 Basic services such as shops and schools close due to decreasing numbers and this affects the economy of the area  More old people and fewer labourers results in production decrease also affecting the economy  Buildings and farms are abandoned giving rise to ‘ghost’ settlements  Family units are broken, e.g., when parents leave children with the grandparents to work in urban areas  Brain drain has left people behind who are least educated and this close economic growth  Resources become under-utilised  (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) 1.3.5 meet the basic needs / RDP  provide quality services eg schools, hospitals  upgrade infrastructure to improve accessibility  industrial development to create more employment  tourism and special events  improve salaries  government grant / support  uplift farming communities/skills training  improve access to capital for farmers  Constant monitoring and prioritise the implementation of land reform policies  Use of scientific methods to monitor environmental/ natural disasters (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) 1.4 1.4.1 transition zone  (1 x 1) (1) 1.4.2 Outlying business district  Regional shopping centre  (2 x 1) (2) 1.4.3 high rentals have forced businesses to relocate to other commercial areas with lower/greater variety of rentals  Limited space in the CBD (parking and building space).  The CBD has become susceptible to crime which discourages customers.  The large number of informal traders is unattractive for business.  Traffic /pedestrian congestion forces consumers to shop elsewhere and decreases business.  Associated with (noise, air and land) pollution which creates an unpleasant/ unhealthy environment.  Unlawfull occupation of buildings make businesses move away from the CBD/urban blight (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 4 Geography/P2 4 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline 1.4.4 Availability of large amount of land for industries to be established.  Land is cheaper which makes it more affordable for industries.  Accessibility to bulk transport routes for transportation of raw material and finished products.  Availability of (skilled and unskilled) labour for industries.  (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) 1.4.5 Controls greenhouse gases  Reduces the effect of urban heat island/lowers temperatures Cleans the air/purifies by absorbing carbon dioxide/reduces air pollution Carbon sink by releasing oxygen.  Reduces run-off Absorbs/reduces city noises and traffic sounds /buffers noise/ filters noise Creates a habitat for other living organisms Creates a pleasing natural environment for recreational purposes.  Improve the aesthetics of the urban environment Greater biodiversity.  Reduces urban sprawl (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) 1.5 1.5.1 Houses very close together / high building density Houses made from variety of materials  No formal roads/mostly footpaths  Lack of services evident  (accept examples) (ANY ONE) (1 x 1) (1) 1.5.2 People are not able to afford formal housing  People don’t have jobs to earn an income  Demand for formal housing is greater than supply  (ANY ONE) (1 x 2) (2) 1.5.3 No regular garbage removal which can result in rubbish scattered around the settlement No formal roads for accessibility of public transport.  Lack of piped water in individual dwellings results in people having to use communal taps Lack of proper sanitation/use of communal toilets can lead to spread of disease and water contamination Flooding of the river could lead to loss of lives and damage to property.  Lack of electricity which results in illegal cables or having to use paraffin stoves to cook or candles for light  Possible risk of fires breaking out due to paraffin stoves or candles falling over (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 5 Geography/P2 5 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline 1.5.4 Develop formal houses/RDP houses /provide land for housing  Install solar panels/pre-paid electricity boxes Install proper toilets in houses Provide taps in houses Provide dust bins for rubbish and waste  Regular collection of waste  Develop tarred roads  Set up mobile clinics  Develop recreational areas/parks Open creches/libraries/schools/ youth centers  (ANY FOUR) (4 x 2) (8) [60] QUESTION 2 2.1 2.1.1 Z  2.1.2 Y  2.1.3 Y  2.1.4 Y  2.1.5 Z  2.1.6 Y  2.1.7 Z  2.1.8 Y  (8 x 1) (8) 2.2 2.2.1 Footloose industries 2.2.2 Ubiquitous 2.2.3 Market orientated industries 2.2.4 Raw- material orientated industries 2.2.5 Light industries 2.2.6 Bridge industries 2.2.7 Industrial centralisation (7 x 1) (7) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 6 Geography/P2 6 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline 2.3 2.3.1 80% of world’s supply (1 x 1) (1) 2.3.2 Gauteng, Limpopo, Mpumalanga, North West  (ANY TWO) (2 x 1) (2) 2.3.3 18 metric tons (1 x 2) (2) 2.3.4 Labour strikes HIV/AIDS Disputes between unions and mine workers Covid 19 pandemic  (ANY ONE) (1 x 2) (2) 2.3.5 South Africa has the worlds largest platinum reserves making platinum mining a viable economic contributor for a long time Large global market for export hence earn billions of rands in revenue The platinum mining sector could add as much value to investment, exports and gross domestic product thus boosting the economy of the country Aims to provide employment to over one millions people by 2050, therefore reducing the unemployment rate and porverty Contributes millions of rands to royalties thereby strengthening the platinum mining indutry in South Africa Potential to create R8.2 Trillion to South Africas economy by 2050 to sustain and strengthen the South African economy Platinum is used in many industrial applications supporting allied industry in South Africa Platinum is used in many medical and dental applications assisting the health sector in South Africa Has great appeal in jewellery manufacture thereby increasing the variety of consumer choices of precious metals (4 x 2) (8) (ANY FOUR) Candidates must qualify their responses and not merely lift from the extact. 2.4 2.4.1 Eastern Cape (1 x 1) (1) 2.4.2 (a) Primary: aquaculture (b) Secondary: agro-processing Automotive (2 x 1) (2) (ANY ONE) 2.4.3 Will lead to advanced socio-economic development in the area Will lead to skills development in the local community Will make possible technology transfer in the area Will create job opportunities for the local people (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 7 Geography/P2 7 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline 2.4.4 Abundant flat land the for expansion of existing business Available land for development of new businesses Close proximity to harbor facilities for international trade Good road infrastructure linking the rest of the country (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) 2.4.5 Economy Boost in the economy, as increase in electricty will favour development of more industries Environmemt Produces comparatively little pollution which means a much cleaner environment  (2 x 2) (4) 2.5 2.5.1 Street vendor/hawking/shisanyama (1 x 1) (1) 2.5.2 They are unemployed and have no alternative source of income (1 x 2) (2) 2.5.3 it’s a cultural experience braai, meet and make friends in an informal setting have become increasingly popular tourist destinations /popular places for people living outside of townships to visit  demand for unique food experiences offers a profitable market opportunity Provide job opportunities for local people (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) 2.5.4 Lack of education e.g. entrepreneurial skill limit the improvement of their businesses They don’t receive much support from the local governments Limited access to finance from banks etc Limited access to infrastructure and services eg trading facilities Lack of storage facilities Low and irregular income Vulnerable to crime  Exposure to harsh weather conditions possing health risk Loss of income when perishable products are no longer able to be sold (ANY TWO) (2 x 2)(4) 2.5.5 Issue trading permits to regulate the business Allocate the businesses specific areas for trading Encourage partnership between private sector and the informal trader Provide infrastructure (hawker stall/carts) in areas zoned for informal trading Assist small businesses to play an active role in providing training Provide easier access to bank loans Secure insurance covers Provide storage facilities Contribute to the income of the city by paying taxes Provide ablution facilities Ensure clean/hygienic facilities Statistical analysis for planning Prevention of harassment by city officials/ law enforcement officials  (ANY TWO) (2 x 2) (4) [60] Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 8 Geography/P2 8 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline SECTION B QUESTION 3 3.1 MAP SKILLS AND CALCULATIONS 3.1.1 161 – 132 = 29m  (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.2 A  (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.3 B  (1 x 1) (1) 3.1.4 Actual Distance = 4,5cm x 0,5 = 2,25kmRange : 2,2 – 2,3 (2 x 1) (2) 3.1.5 VI = 98 – 68 = 30m HE = 3,6 x 100 = 360m Range: 350m – 370m G = 30/360  = 1/12 = 1:12  Range : 11,67 – 12,33 (5 x 1) (5) 3.2 MAP INTERPRETATION 3.2.1 (a) Nucleated  (1 x 1) (1) (b) Flat land – contours are far apart  (1 x 1) (1) 3.2.2 (a) Irregular/Planned Irregular  (1 x 1) (1) (b) Smooth flow of traffic  Saves fuel and time  Less accidents  (ANY ONE) (1 x 2) (2) 3.2.3 (a) Heavy  (1 x 1) (1) (b) Elongated Flat roof of buildings  Flat land – Contours are far apart  (2 x 1) (2) (c) Large flat land for expansion Away from the CBD to prevent pollution and traffic congestion Close to transport networks for the distribution of manufactured goods Close to the Mdloti river for the discharge of treated waste water (ANY ONE) (1 x 2) (2) 3.2.4 Exposure to noise and air pollution (1 x 2) (2) Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ### Page 9 Geography/P2 9 September 2023 Preparatory Examination NSC – Marking Guideline 3.3 3.3.1 (a) Buffering involves the creation of a restriction zone of a specified width around a point, line or polygonal area.  (CONCEPT) (1 x 2) (2) (b) Prevents the Hazelmere township from spreading too close to the dam.  Reduces impact of pollution of the dam.  (1 x 2) (2) (Any ONE) 3.3.2 (a) road/other road  (1 x 1) (1) (b) dam/hazelmere dam (1 x 1) (1) 3.3.3 The Hazelmere dam provides water for irrigation of fruits and crops in the area ✓✓ (1 x 2) (2) TOTAL SECTION B: 30 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright Reserved Please Turn Over ## Related documents - [2023 KZN Prelim P2 QP](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/2023-kzn-prelim-p2-qp/4d6a4eeb-5ee5-44a7-9392-783928539ee7) — Geography · QP · 2023 - [2023 KZN 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