# Accounting Grade 12 NSC Supplementary 2015 Memo (English)

> Grade 12 Accounting memorandum from the NSC Supplementary Exam 2015 (English), 17 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

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- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Accounting
- Grade: Grade 12
- Document type: Memorandum
- Year: 2015
- Exam period: NSC Supplementary Exam
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 17

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Accounting · Grade 12 · NSC Supplementary Exam · 2015. Memorandum, 17 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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                                         NATIONAL
                                    SENIOR CERTIFICATE

                                            GRADE 12

                                           ACCOUNTING

                                   FEBRUARY/MARCH 2015

                                          MEMORANDUM

MARKS: 300

MARKING PRINCIPLES:
1.  Penalties for foreign items are applied only if the candidate is not losing marks elsewhere in the
    question for that item (no penalty for misplaced item). No double penalty applied.
2.  Full marks for correct answer. If answer incorrect, mark the workings provided.
3.  If a pre-adjustment figure is shown as a final figure, allocate the part-mark for the working for that
    figure (not the method mark for the answer).
4.  Unless otherwise indicated, the positive or negative effect of any figure must be considered to award
    the mark. If no + or – sign or bracket is provided, assume that the figure is positive.
5.  Where indicated, part-marks may be awarded to differentiate between differing qualities of answers
    from candidates.
6.  This memorandum is not for public distribution, as certain items might imply incorrect treatment. The
    adjustments made are due to nuances in certain questions.
7.  Where penalties are applied, the marks for that section of the question cannot be a final negative.
8.  Where method marks are awarded for operation, the marker must inspect the reasonableness of the
    answer before awarding the mark.
9.  In awarding method marks, ensure that candidates do not get full marks for any item that is incorrect
    at least in part.
10. Codes: f = foreign item; p = placement/presentation.

                           This memorandum consists of 17 pages.
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Accounting                                    2                        DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                      NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 1
1.1    CONCEPTS

          1.1.1      Bank overdraft           
          1.1.2      Dishonoured cheque       
          1.1.3      Debit order              
          1.1.4      Stale cheque             
                                                                                              4

1.2    BANK RECONCILIATION

       1.2.1      Explain how this loss of R24 000 would be treated in the books.
                  Any ONE valid response 
                  Expected responses:
                     • Enter in CPJ and describe as loss due to theft.
                     • Apply rule of prudence to reduce Bank and to record a loss.

                  Explain how Roy can prevent a loss of this nature in the future.
                  Provide TWO points.

                  Any TWO valid responses  

                  Expected responses:
                     • Insist that all cash collected is deposited into the Bank daily.
                     • Division of duties where one person collects cash and
                        another deposits the cash.
                     • Check documentation on a daily basis; receipts must equal
                        deposits.                                                             4

       1.2.2      Calculate the correct bank account balance on 31 October 2014.
                  16 160  – 2 710  – 1 650  + 450  - 24 000 
                  = overdraft of 11 750  one part correct                                    6

       1.2.3      Give a suitable reason for the entry from the Bank
                  Reconciliation Statement of the amount incorrectly debited,
                  R2 500.
                  Any suitable reason 
                  Possible reasons:
                     • The bank had in error shown a cheque of another client in the
                        current banking account of the business.
                     • The bank duplicated an entry (example bank charges, debit
                        order) on the debit side of the bank statement.                       2

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Accounting                                3                         DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                  NSC – Memorandum

     1.2.4    The office assistant of Manto Traders takes money from the cash
              register to make payments for business expenses.
              Explain why this is bad accounting practice.

              Any valid explanation 

              Expected responses:
                 • All cash must be deposited intact to ensure that internal control
                    is not compromised.
                 • This will lead to abuse and the possibility of fraud because
                    there will be no authorisation or documentation.

              Provide ONE point of advice to Roy.

              Any ONE valid point 

              Expected responses:
                 • Stop this practice immediately and use the petty-cash system
                    for daily expenses.                                                    4

1.3 CREDITORS' RECONCILIATION

     1.3.1              CREDITORS' LEDGER OF NKOMAZI TRADERS
                                  MALELANE SUPPLIERS (CL7)
              Balance per Ledger Account                             47 064
              Error corrected on Invoice 346                      – 1 512
              Adjustment of discount on C207                        1000
              Correction of error on Invoice 135                   6 929
              Interest                                                 29
                                                 one part correct   39 652                8

     1.3.2              CREDITOR'S RECONCILIATION STATEMENT ON
                                       30 SEPTEMBER 2014
              Balance as per Creditor's Statement                  40 271
              Credit note incorrectly recorded      (816 x 2)      (1 632) 
              Discount not yet recorded                            (2 532) 
              Trade discount omitted                                 (981) 
              Invoice issued after statement date                    4 526 
              Balance as per Creditors Ledger     one part correct 39 652                 7

                                         TOTAL
                                         MARKS

                                            35

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Accounting                                 4                           DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                   NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 2

2.1     Calculate the value of the closing stock of 145 television sets on
        28 February 2015 using the FIFO method.

                         
          R411 750 + (55 x R4 875)
        = R679 875  one part correct
                                                                                              7

2.2     Calculate the cost of sales.

        R385 000 + R1 765 500 – R14 625 – R679 875 = R1 456 000
                                                    
                                        see 2.1.1   one part correct
                                                                                              6
        Calculate the average mark-up % achieved for the year.

        R847 800 ÷ R1 456 000 x 100 = 58,2%
                     see above       one part correct
                                                                                              4

2.3     Provide a calculation to prove whether the information given by the
        cleaner is true or not.

            
        70 + 360 – 3 – 276 = 151
        On hand            = 145 
        Missing            = 6                                                               6

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Accounting                                     5                              DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                       NSC – Memorandum

2.4     Jane is concerned that the final stock of 145 television sets is not
        appropriate for her business. Provide a calculation or figures to
        support her opinion and explain.

        Calculation/Figures:

        Any valid figures: 

        145 x 365 = 192 days
        276    1
        OR
        679 875 x 365 = 170 days
        1 456 000    1
        OR
        Compare stock on hand (145 units) to total sales (276 units)

        Explanation: 

             •   Not appropriate as stock will last at least 6 months                                   4

2.5     Comment on whether or not Jane's strategy of adjusting the selling
        prices has benefitted the business. Provide figures to support your
        answer.

        Excellent answer = 4 marks; Good = 3; Average = 2; Poor = 1; Incorrect = 0

        Expected response: 

        The strategy was successful in December but Jane then increased the
        selling price significantly in January. She has not reduced the selling prices
        when cost prices decreased. Her competitors will probably decrease prices
        when possible to increase their market share.                                                   4

2.6     Provide TWO points to assist Jane in improving internal control in her
        business.

        Any TWO points  

        Possible responses:
           • Regular stock counts to check that no stock goes missing.
           • Division of duties to check that all sales are recorded properly and
              that stock purchased is properly secured.
           • Reconsider pricing policy to reduce stock to acceptable levels.                            4

                                               TOTAL
                                               MARKS

                                                  35

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 Accounting                                   6                                DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                      NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 3

3.1     Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches a term/concept
        in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–E) next to the question number
        (3.1.1–3.1.5).
         3.1.1        B           
         3.1.2        E           
         3.1.3        A           
         3.1.4        C           
         3.1.5        D                                                                              5

3.2.1   ORDINARY SHARE CAPITAL
        850 000  ordinary shares in issue at beginning of
                                                                             5 737 500 
        year
        150 000 shares repurchased during the year
                                                                            (1 012 500) 
        (150 000  x R6,75 )
        700 000  ordinary shares in issue at end of year                    4 725 000 
                                              operation, one part correct                             7

        RETAINED INCOME
        Balance on 1 July 2013                                                181 900 
        Net profit after income tax                                           813 600 
        Shares repurchased (150 000  x 0,65 )                               (97 500) 
        Ordinary share dividends            operation, one part correct      (595 000) 
                 Interim (paid)                                               315 000 
                 Final (recommended) (700 000 x 40 cents)                     280 000 
        Balance on 30 June 2014             operation, one part correct       303 000                10

        TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES
        Net trade debtors (118 370  – 6 100  + 11 700                       123 970 
                                                                 28
        SARS: Income tax (320 900  – 316 400)        (813 600 x / 72 )         4 500 
        Prepaid expenses                                                        12 430 
        TOTAL                                 operation, one part correct      140 900               10

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 Accounting                                  7                                DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                     NSC – Memorandum

3.2.2   BARGAIN TRADERS LTD
        BALANCE SHEET ON 30 JUNE 2014

        ASSETS
        NON-CURRENT ASSETS                                 operation         4 985 600 
        Fixed/Tangible Assets                        balancing figure        4 865 600 
        Fixed deposit                                                    3     120 000 

        CURRENT ASSETS                                                        890 300    
        Inventory    (355 700 + 9 500 )                                     365 200    
        Trade and other receivables               see 3.2                     140 900    
        Cash and cash equivalents (351 200 + 33 000 )                       384 200    

        TOTAL ASSETS                see Total Equity and Liabilities     9   5 875 900 

        EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

        SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY                                operation        5 028 000 
        Ordinary share capital                               see 3.2         4 725 000 
        Retained income                                       see 3.2    3     303 000 

        NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES                                               227 800
        Loan: Drake Bank                                                 5    227 800
                                                                                         
        (295 000  + 31 200  – 98 400 )            one part correct

        CURRENT LIABILITIES                                 operation         620 100 
        Trade and other payables                                              241 700 
        (197 000  + 11 700  + 33 000 )
        Shareholders for dividends                           see 3.2          280 000 
        Current portion of loan                                                98 400 

        TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES                       operation     8   5 875 900          28

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Accounting                                        8                                  DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                          NSC – Memorandum

     3.2.3    Calculate the net asset value (NAV) on 30 June 2014.

              5 028 000 ÷ 700 000  = 718,3 cents  operation one part correct                              3

     3.2.4    Comment on the price offered for the shares that were
              repurchased. Quote relevant financial indicators (actual
              figures/ratios/ percentages) to support your comment.

              Good answer with figures = 3; Satisfactory = 2; Weak = 1; Incorrect = 0 

              Shares were repurchased for R7,40 each.
              The NAV on 30 June 2014 was 718 cents (696 cents in 2013).
              An upward trend
              The market price at the time was R9,25. Indication that investors are
              interested in the company.
              The price offered was conservative. The company benefitted from this
              transaction. (But shareholders who left might not be satisfied.)                               3

     3.2.5    Calculate Kyle Mason's percentage shareholding after the
              proposed share buy-back on 31 August 2014.

                         315 000          x 100      = 51,6%         one part correct
                         610 000             1
                     (700 000 – 90 000)                                                                      3

              As another shareholder, discuss your concern regarding the
              proposed repurchase of shares. Give TWO questions you would
              ask the directors at the annual general meeting.
              Concern: 
              Any comment explaining the shift to major shareholder
              Kyle Mason will own more than 50% of the company. (He has
              deliberately influences this.)
              He can entrench himself as CEO for a longer period. The %
              shareholding has had a major effect on control.
              Questions: (Any TWO)                 
                     •   Were the other directors aware of the strategy of Mason?
                     •   Why is it necessary to reduce the capital of the company?
                     •   The company is shrinking, is this intentional?
                     •   Why do this so soon after an earlier reduction in capital?
                     •   At what price will these shares be bought back?
                     •   How will this affect liquidity (current ratio is relatively low)?                   6

                                                   TOTAL
                                                   MARKS

                                                     75

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Accounting                                       9                              DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                         NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 4

4.1    What is the main purpose of a Cash Flow Statement?
       Good answer = 2; Average = 1; Incorrect = 0      
       It provides users of financial statements with information on the inflow and outflow
       of the cash resources of the company
       To see how monies were generated or spent and what the cash flow position is.
       To account for the difference in opening and closing bank balances                              2

4.2    Calculate the missing amounts (indicated by a, b, c and d) in the
       Fixed/Tangible Asset Note for the year ended 31 October 2014.

                             Workings                      Amount
             a       3 000 000 – 2 500 000                   500 000 
             b       660 000 x 20%                           132 000 
             c       660 000 – (b) – 446 000                  82 000   one part correct
                     OR 150 000 – 68 000
             d       157 500 + 48 000 -55 000                   150 000 
                     OR 258 000 – 108 000                                                              9

4.3    CLASSICO LTD
       CASH FLOW STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2014
       NOTE: Ticks in final column are for operation AND correct use of brackets/no brackets.

       CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES                                         625 000 
                                                      one part correct
             Cash generated from operations                                      1 985 500
             Interest paid                                                        (175 500)
             Taxation paid (27 500 + 375 000 + 22 500)                        ( 425 000) 
                                                     one part correct
             Dividends paid (385 000 + 825 000 – 450 000)                     ( 760 000) 
                                                     one part correct
                                                                         9
       CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES                                         534 000 
                                                      one part correct
             Fixed assets purchased                                                (48 000) 
             Proceeds from sale of fixed assets
                                                                                   582 000 
             (500 000 + 82 000 see4.1.2 c)  one part correct
                                                                         5
       CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES                                         925 000 
                                                     one part correct
             Proceeds from the sale of shares                                      300 000 
             Change in loan (2 000 000  - 1 375 000 )                            625 000 
                                                     one part correct
                                                                         6
       NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS                                   2 084 000 
                                                     check operation                       
       CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING                                      207 500 
       CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END                                  4       2 291 500            24

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Accounting                                          10                             DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                             NSC – Memorandum

4.4
        Decisions by               Reason to support                   Reason to support
         directors                  John's opinion                     directors' decision
                                                                       (other than improving
                                                                             cash flow)
                            Dilutes the returns to                Cheaper option of raising
        Issued more
                            existing shareholders               funds as loans carry
        shares
                                                                  interest 
                            Prevents the company                  Unproductive or unused
        Sold fixed          from benefiting through               assets will incur
        assets              capital gains                       maintenance expenses.
                                                                  
                                                                                                          8

4.5    Calculate the acid-test ratio.
             (1 075 000+ 2 291 500 ) : 1 450 000 
                        3 366 500

             = 2,3 : 1  or 2,32 : 1       one part correct                                               4

       Calculate the earnings per share.
             975 000                     100c
                                     x
             750 000 

             = 130 cents      one part correct                                                           3

       Calculate the return on average shareholders' equity.
                        975 000                                    100
                                                              x
             ½ (4 450 000 + 4 000 000)                            1
                       4 225 000

             = 23,1%  or 23,08% or 23,07% or 23% one part correct
                                                                                                          5

       Calculate the debt-equity ratio.

             2 000 000 : 4 450 000

             = 0,4 : 1 (or 0,5:1)       one part correct
                                                                                                          3

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Accounting                                  11                        DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                     NSC – Memorandum

4.6    The directors proposed to expand the business operations in the new
       financial year. One of the directors suggested that they finance the
       expansions by taking a loan of R1 000 000, instead of issuing new
       shares to the public. Quote and explain TWO financial indicators to
       support his opinion.
       Financial indicator      
       Trend                    
       Explanation              

       Debt/Equity ratio
         • It has increased from 0,34: 1 to 0,45:1.
         • Company still has a low financial risk.

       Return on average capital employed
          • It has increased from 18% to 26%
          • Company is positively geared as it exceeds the rate of borrowing
             which currently is 12%.                                                         6

4.7
       4.7.1    Calculate the amount of dividends Bongani would earn for the
                financial year ending 31 October 2014.

                32 000  x 110 cents  = R35 200  one part correct
                             (R1,10)
                                                                                             3

       4.7.2    Should Bongani be satisfied with the dividend policy of
                Classico Limited? Quote and explain relevant financial
                indicators to support your answer.
                Yes/No 
                Indicator   
                Figures     
                Explanation 
                Explanation for yes:
                EPS was 130 cents and DPS was 110 cents.
                (110/130 x 100) 85% of earnings given to shareholders, compared
                to (75/94 x 100) 80% given in the previous financial year.
                The dividends have increased from 75 cents to 110 cents
                Explanation for no:
                EPS was 130 cents and DPS was 110 cents.
                (110/130 x 100) 85% of earnings given to shareholders, compared
                to (75/94 x 100) 80% given in the previous financial year.
                More is being paid out on dividends and less is being retained for
                future expansion.                                                            4

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Accounting                                12                        DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                   NSC – Memorandum

       4.7.3    Bongani wants to sell his shares in Classico Ltd and invest his
                funds in an alternative investment. You disagree with him.
                Quote and explain ONE relevant financial indicator, other than
                dividends, to discourage him from selling his shares. Your
                answer must include the actual figure/ratio/percentage.

                ROSHE is 23,1%  see 4.1.5
                Greater than the return on fixed deposits, 5,5%. 
                Strong performance of the company may continue in the future to
                offer greater returns to Bongani. 

                OR

                The value of his share has increased from R4,75 (475 cents) to
                R9,50 (950 cents). (two marks)
                This is a capital growth of 100% in just three years. His investment
                in the company has increased from R152 000 (32 000 x R4,75) to
                R304 000. Such high returns will not be earned on outside
                investments. (two marks)                                                   4

                                          TOTAL
                                          MARKS

                                             75

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 Accounting                                   13                                     DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                       NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 5

5.1 PRINCESS BIN FACTORY

     5.1.1    PRODUCTION COST STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED
              28 FEBRUARY 2015

              Raw/Direct material cost                 check operation              742 500           
              Direct labour cost     452 000  + 114 000
                                                                                    566 000           
                                                       one part correct

              Prime cost                                                          1 308 500           
              Factory overhead cost                  one part correct
                                                                                    326 800           
              (256 270 + 75 030 (rent) – 4 500 )
              Total manufacturing cost                 check operation            1 635 300           
              Work in process (1 March 2013)                                          58 500          
                                                                                  1 693 800
              Work in process (28 Feb 2014)          check operation
                                                                                    (66 300)          
                                                   must be subtracted

              Cost of production of finished goods                                1 627 500                   16
                                                                              46 500 x R35

     5.1.2    INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 28 FEBRUARY 2015

              Sales                                                              2 180 000 
                                                                                One part correct 
              Cost of sales      (2 180 000 + 60 000  ) x 100/160 
                                                                               (1 400 000)
              Gross profit                                  check operation         780 000 
              Operating expenses                                                  (213 800)
              Selling and distribution cost (127 100 - 1 240 )                   125 860 
              Administration costs (62 930 + 25 010)                               87 940 
                                                       if 1/3 of rent above

              Net profit for the year          check operation (subtracted)         566 200                    13

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 Accounting                                  14                           DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                      NSC – Memorandum

5.2 ROBS PENCILS

     5.2.1    Comment on the fixed cost per unit. Note that fixed costs
              increased from R236 800 in 2013 to R238 000 in 2014.

              The fixed cost per unit decreased from R3,20 to R2,80. 
              Economies of scale (more units were produced in 2014) 
                                                                                                 2

     5.2.2    Calculate the break-even point for the year ended 30 June 2014.

                 238 000 
              14,50 – 11,75 

              = 86 545,45 or 86 546 units  one part correct
                                                                                                 4

              Do you consider the level of production to be satisfactory or not?
              Quote and explain figures to support your opinion.

              Not satisfactory 
              Explanation  quoting figures  (mark according to BEP calculation above)
              Although the business produced more goods than last year,
              (85 000 – 74 000), it failed to break even this year. (86 456 – 85 000)
              Low profit last year / loss this year.
                                                                                                 4

     5.2.3    Identify ONE problem regarding the variable costs. Quote
              appropriate figures to support your answer.

              Cost identified  figures 
              Raw materials costs increased from R4,00 to R5,50 per unit.

              Provide TWO suggestions that Rob can use to address the
              problem identified.

              Any TWO suggestions:           

              Possible answers:
              • Monitor production techniques to minimise wastage
              • Train workers
              • Buy in bulk to take advantage of discount
              • Look for local suppliers – reduce transport cost                                 6

                                              TOTAL
                                              MARKS

                                                 45

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Accounting                                  15                          DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                     NSC – Memorandum

QUESTION 6

6.1    Explain the importance of comparing budgeted figures with actual
       figures achieved for the same period.
       One valid explanation 

       Deviations can be determined and remedial measures will be put in place
       Establish whether the budgeting was realistic
       To identify trends of mismanagement of cash                                             2

6.2    Calculate the missing amounts (indicated by a, b and c) in the Debtors'
       Collection Schedule for the budgeted period March to May 2015.

             a                6 048 
             b                5 320 
             c            15 750 
                                                                                               4

6.3    6.3.1     Calculate the budgeted total sales for March 2015.
                        10 500 x 100/20 = 52 500 
                                                                                               2

       6.3.2     Calculate the amount budgeted for payments to creditors
                 during May 2015.
                        40 000
                 70 000  x 100/175  x 70%  = 28 000  any one part correct
                         or
                 12 000/30 x 70 = 28 000                                                       4

       6.3.3     Calculate the budgeted salaries of the shop assistants for April
                 2015.
                 102 000/12 = 8 500
                 8 500 x 3 = 25 500
                 15 300 x 9 = 137 700
                 25 500 + 137 700 = 163 200 any one part correct                            3

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Accounting                                     16                         DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                        NSC – Memorandum

       6.3.4      Calculate the % increase in the salary of the manager
                  expected in May 2015.
                       3 200 (1 mark)
                  (19 200 – 16 000) /16 000  = 20%  any one part correct
                                                                                            3

       6.3.5      Calculate the amount of the additional loan expected to be
                  acquired on 1 April 2015.
                  875 x (100 x12) /14  = 75 000 any one part correct

                                                                                            3

6.4    An official of the local municipality has offered to recommend
       Brakpan Stationers to supply stationery to the value of R500 000.
       However, he will only do this if Vukile pays him R20 000 in cash.

       Give Vukile advice in this regard. State TWO points.

       Any two suggestions            

             •   This is actually a bribe which is unethical.
             •   If this information is made public, it will have a negative effect on
                 the business in the future.
             •   Vukile must tender formally to the municipality to secure the
                 contract through the normal processes.
                                                                                            4

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Accounting                                   17                          DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2015
                                      NSC – Memorandum

6.5    Identify THREE over-payments in April. Provide figures to support
       your answer. Provide a valid reason for each over-payment to
       support Vukile's decisions.

                   Over-payment with figures                 Valid reason
                  Item and figure                               

        1         The bonus of the manager in       He has retained the services
                  February 2015 (R24 000) was       of a valuable employee
                  not taken into account.
        2         Purchase of vehicle               The difference between motor
                  (R180 000)                        vehicle expenses and delivery
                                                    expenses is R5 200 per month
        3         Cash purchase of                  Possibly to take advantage of
                  merchandise (R28 000) was         bulk discounts on purchases
                  significantly higher than the
                  budgeted figure (R12 000)
                                                                                         6
       Explain how this difference of opinion with his wife can be avoided
       in future.

       As they are jointly running the business they should have a specific
       meeting to determine the budget jointly and Vukile should consult his
       wife before spending on unbudgeted items. 
                                                                                         2
       State TWO other strategies that Vukile and his wife could consider
       in future to improve the results of the business.

       Any two valid points:         

             •   Advertise monthly.
             •   Reduce number of shop assistants.
             •   Reinstate deliveries to customers.
             •   Negotiate longer credit terms with creditors.                           2

                                           TOTAL
                                           MARKS

                                             35
                                                                              TOTAL: 300

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