# Agricultural Sciences Grade 11 P1 2022 Memo (Eng)

> Grade 11 Agricultural Sciences Paper 1 memorandum from the Eastern Cape November 2022 (English), 9 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

- Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/agric-sciences-p1-memo-gr11-nov-2022-english/6e634fe8-97f5-45d3-94e4-13f1ccd4aaf3
- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Agricultural Sciences
- Grade: Grade 11
- Language: English
- Document type: Memorandum
- Year: 2022
- Exam period: Eastern Cape November
- Paper: 1
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 9

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## About this document

Agricultural Sciences · Grade 11 · Eastern Cape November · 2022 · English. Memorandum, 9 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

Read it free online on the page above; download the PDF from there.

## Matching paper and memo

- [AGRIC SCIENCES P1 QP GR11 NOV2022 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/agric-sciences-p1-qp-gr11-nov2022-english/2289e8ff-baad-4b38-9efe-30adffadec6e) — QP · 2022 · Eng

## Document text

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                          NATIONAL
                     SENIOR CERTIFICATE

                            GRADE 11

                       NOVEMBER 2022

               AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES P1
                  MARKING GUIDELINE

MARKS:   150

                  This marking guideline consists of 9 pages.

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2                              AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES P1            (EC/NOVEMBER 2022)

 SECTION A

 QUESTION 1

 1.1    1.1.1        B ✓✓
        1.1.2        C ✓✓
        1.1.3        C ✓✓
        1.1.4        D ✓✓
        1.1.5        B ✓✓
        1.1.6        D ✓✓
        1.1.7        A ✓✓
        1.1.8        D ✓✓
        1.1.9        A ✓✓
        1.1.10       B ✓✓                                          (10 x 2)     (20)

 1.2    1.2.1        B only ✓✓
        1.2.2        None ✓✓
        1.2.3        Both A and B ✓✓
        1.2.4        A only ✓✓
        1.2.5        None ✓✓                                         (5 x 2)    (10)

 1.3    1.3.1        Sucrose ✓✓
        1.3.2        Catenate ✓✓
        1.3.3        Nitrogen ✓✓
        1.3.4        G-horizon ✓✓
        1.3.5        Nitrification ✓✓                                (5 x 2)    (10)

 1.4    1.4.1        Ethanol ✓
        1.4.2        Structure ✓
        1.4.3        Cation adsorption ✓
        1.4.4        Hygroscopic ✓
        1.4.5        Denitrification ✓                               (5 x 1)     (5)

                                                          TOTAL SECTION A:        45

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2022)                AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES P1                                      3

SECTION B

QUESTION 2: BASIC AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY

2.1    Inorganic compounds

       2.1.1    Identification of substances
                (a)    Substance B ✓
                (b)    Substance C ✓
                (c)    Substance A ✓                                                           (3)

       2.1.2    Indication of the role of water in SUBSTANCE A
                It serves as a solvent. ✓                                                      (1)

       2.1.3    Structural formula of SUBSTANCE C

                     H

                     N   H

                     H       ✓✓                                                                (2)

       2.1.4    Justification of the components in SUBSTANCE A regarded as
                compound.
                They are formed from the combination ✓of two different chemical
                elements. ✓                                                                    (2)

2.2    Carbohydrates

       2.2.1    Classification of the carbohydrate
                Monosaccharide ✓                                                               (1)

       2.2.2    Chemical formula of a monosaccharide
                C6H12O6 ✓✓                                                                     (2)

       2.2.3    TWO important uses of monosaccharide
                • Provides energy ✓
                • Work as flavour and sweetener in the human diet ✓                            (2)

2.3    Fats

       2.3.1     Classification of fat in food
                 Food type A – Unsaturated fat ✓
                 Food type B – Saturated fat ✓                                                 (2)

       2.3.2     Identification of fat recommended to be included in a diet
                 Unsaturated fat ✓                                                             (1)

       2.3.3     TWO reasons
                 They are of plant origin ✓ and lower the blood cholesterol level ✓            (2)

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4                             AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES P1                  (EC/NOVEMBER 2022)

       2.3.4     Distinguishing between unsaturated and saturated fat
                 (a)   Reaction at room temperature – Unsaturated fat is liquid at
                       room temperature ✓ and saturated fat is solid at room
                       temperature. ✓                                                      (2)

                 (b)     Bond between the carbon atoms – Unsaturated fat has one
                         or more double bonds between carbon atoms ✓ and
                         saturated fat has a single bond between carbon atoms. ✓           (2)

2.4    Protein

       2.4.1     Building block of protein
                 Amino acids ✓                                                             (1)

       2.4.2     Difference between simple and complex protein
                 Simple proteins are proteins which when broken down yield only
                 amino acids ✓
                 Complex proteins are simple proteins combined with some non-
                 protein material. ✓                                                       (2)

       2.4.3     Reason for giving protein to:
                 (a)  Injured animals – To repair damaged tissues ✓                        (1)
                 (b)  Newly born animals – To build up new cells and tissues/
                      growth ✓                                                             (1)

2.5    Organic compounds

       2.5.1     Labelling
                 A – Propane ✓

                 B – C3H8 ✓

                 C – Hydroxyl/OH ✓

                 D–      H      H

                     H   C     C     OH ✓✓

                         H      H

                 E – Ethanoic / acetic ✓                                                   (6)

       2.5.2     Identification of a compound that can be used in alcoholic
                 beverages
                 Ethanol ✓                                                                 (1)

       2.5.3     ONE importance of a compound A for rural communities
                 It is used for heating. ✓                                             (1)
                                                                                      [35]

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2022)               AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES P1                                       5

QUESTION 3: SOIL SCIENCE

3.1    Soil texture

       3.1.1    Determining the texture
                (a)  Clay ✓                                                                    (1)
                (b)  Clay loam ✓                                                               (1)

       3.1.2    Comparing clay and sand
                (a) Tillability – Clay soil is hard to till ✓ and sandy soil is easy to
                    till. ✓                                                                    (2)
                (b) Degree of plasticity – High plasticity in clay ✓ and low
                    plasticity in sand. ✓                                                      (2)

       3.1.3    TWO reasons for a farmer to know the texture class
                • To know the type of crop to cultivate ✓
                • To know when to cultivate and implement to use ✓
                • To be able to assess the efficacy of fertilisers ✓
                • To know the type of irrigation to use ✓
                • To understand how soil will react better to temperature
                  changes ✓                                              (Any 2 x 1)           (2)

3.2    Soil water

       3.2.1    Indication of    the   water   movement      demonstrated      in   the
                experiment
                Capillarity ✓                                                                  (1)

       3.2.2    Reason
                Water moves upward ✓                                                           (1)

       3.2.3    Identification of the soil samples
                A – Clay ✓
                C – Loam ✓                                                                     (2)

       3.2.4    Way in which the water can be lost in sample B
                Percolation/seepage ✓                                                          (1)

       3.2.5    Method to reduce the water loss through percolation
                • Controlling the amount of irrigation water ✓
                • Keeping soil under cover/mulching ✓
                • Ploughing in organic material ✓                          (Any 1 x 1)         (1)

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6                            AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES P1                       (EC/NOVEMBER 2022)

3.3    Soil air/gas

       3.3.1    Prediction of the results of the experiment
                Container A – Seeds will germinate and grow ✓
                Container B – No germination/growth will occur ✓                               (2)

       3.3.2    Explaining the reason for no germination in container B
                Absence of oxygen ✓responsible for seed germination due to
                waterlogged soil conditions ✓                                                  (2)

       3.3.3    Name of a gas accumulated in container A
                Carbon dioxide ✓                                                               (1)

       3.3.4    TWO reasons
                • Respiration of plant roots ✓
                • Respiration of soil organisms ✓                                              (2)

3.4    Soil temperature

       3.4.1    Deduction of the factor influencing soil temperature
                Soil depth ✓                                                                   (1)

       3.4.2    Bar graph

                Criteria/rubric/marking guidelines
                • Correct heading ✓
                • X-axis: Correctly calibrated with label (time of the day) ✓
                • Y-axis: Correctly calibrated with label (temperature) ✓
                • Correct unit (°C) ✓
                • Bar graph ✓
                • Accuracy ✓                                                                   (6)

       3.4.3    Explaining the trend of temperature in soil at 5 cm deep
                There is a drastic increase of temperature during the day ✓ and it
                drops in the afternoon. ✓                                                      (2)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2022)                AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES P1                                 7

3.5    Bulk density

       3.5.1    Calculation of bulk density

                                   Mass of dry soil (g)
                Bulk density =                            3   ✓
                                 Volume of dry soil (cm )

                                 680 g
                             =           3   ✓
                                 80 cm
                             = 8,5 g/cm3 ✓                                                (3)

       3.5.2    Commenting on the suitability of soil for deep rooted crops
                Not suitable ✓
                Reason
                Soil is compacted / has a high clay content. ✓                        (2)
                                                                                     [35]

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8                            AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES P1                      (EC/NOVEMBER 2022)

QUESTION 4: SOIL SCIENCE

4.1    Reproductive systems

       4.1.1    Identification of soil profile
                (a)    Soil profile C ✓
                (b)    Soil profile D ✓
                (c)    Soil profile B ✓                                                       (3)

       4.1.2    Name of the horizon
                (a)  B – horizon ✓
                (b)  A – horizon ✓
                (c)  C – horizon ✓                                                            (3)

       4.1.3    TWO possible diagnostic horizons that may occur in soil profile C
                • Humic A ✓
                • Vertic A ✓
                • Melanic A ✓
                • Orthic A ✓                                          (Any 2 x 1)             (2)

4.2    Soil classification

       4.2.1    Re-arrangement of steps in soil classification
                • Demarcate master horizons ✓
                • Identify diagnostic horizons ✓
                • Establishing soil form ✓
                • Series characteristics are identified ✓
                • Determine soil series ✓                                       (5 x 1)       (5)

       4.2.2    TWO methods used in South Africa to classify the soil
                • Soil form ✓
                • Soil series/family ✓                                                        (2)

4.3    Soil colloids

       4.3.1    Identification of the type of colloid
                Inorganic colloid ✓                                                           (1)

       4.3.2    Differentiation between inorganic and organic colloids with regard
                to shape
                Inorganic colloids have a layered structure with flat platelets ✓
                Organic colloids are structureless/ amorphous ✓                               (2)

       4.3.3    Condition of the colloid based on the cation adsorbed
                Colloid A – Acidic ✓
                Colloid B – Neutral/sweet ✓                                                   (2)

       4.3.4    TWO factors causing colloidal condition in A/acidity
                • Carbon dioxide dissolving in water forming carbonic acid ✓
                • Organic acids formed during decomposition process ✓
                • Rain water/irrigation leaching basic ions ✓
                • Fertilisation with ammonium sulphate ✓                   (Any 2 x 1)        (2)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2022)               AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES P1                                    9

       4.3.5    Detrimental effect of cation dominant on the colloid C on soil
                structure
                It has a deflocculating effect which causes the soil to be
                structureless ✓                                                             (1)

       4.3.6    TWO ways to correct the colloidal condition C physically
                • Scraping ✓
                • Leaching salts from root zone through subsurface drain ✓
                • Flushing ✓                                            (Any 2 x 1)         (2)

4.4    Nutrient cycling

       4.4.1    Identification of the letter
                A✓                                                                          (1)

       4.4.2    TWO processes showing the return of carbon dioxide into the
                atmosphere
                • Respiration ✓
                • Decomposition ✓
                • Combustion ✓                                      (Any 2 x 1)             (2)

       4.4.3    THREE conditions necessary for the survival of micro-organisms
                • Soil fertility ✓
                • Soil moisture ✓
                • Soil temperature ✓
                • Soil air ✓
                • Soil pH ✓
                • Light ✓
                • Food and energy supply ✓                           (Any 3 x 1)            (3)

4.5    Symbiotic relationship

       4.5.1    Name of micro-organism
                (a)  Rhizobium ✓                                                            (1)
                (b)  Mycorrhiza ✓                                                           (1)

       4.5.2    Explanation of symbiotic relationship between legume crops and
                rhizobium bacteria
                Rhizobium bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen for the legume crop ✓
                and plants provide food for bacteria/house bacteria in the nodules
                formed in their roots. ✓                                                (2)
                                                                                       [35]

                                                               TOTAL SECTION B:        105
                                                                  GRAND TOTAL:         100

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