# Business Studies Grade 12 NSC June 2015 Memo (English) > Grade 12 Business Studies memorandum from the NSC June Exam 2015 (English), 49 pages. Read online or download the free PDF. - Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/business-studies-june-july-2015-memo-eng/1f82e3b5-9690-4819-94fa-b0fde5f1cb63 - Updated: 2026-09-27 - Subject: Business Studies - Grade: Grade 12 - Document type: Memorandum - Year: 2015 - Exam period: NSC June Exam - Curriculum: CAPS - Pages: 49 Breadcrumbs: [Home](https://www.hlayiso.com/) › [Library](https://www.hlayiso.com/library) › [Grade 12](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12) › [Business Studies](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12/business-studies) › [Business Studies Grade 12 NSC June 2015 Memo (English)](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/business-studies-june-july-2015-memo-eng/1f82e3b5-9690-4819-94fa-b0fde5f1cb63) ## About this document Business Studies · Grade 12 · NSC June Exam · 2015. Memorandum, 49 pages. Read online or download the PDF. Read it free online on the page above; download the PDF from there. ## Document text Text extracted from the PDF. Layout, diagrams and tables may not survive extraction. ### Page 1 Downloaded from hlayiso.com SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION BUSINESS STUDIES 2015 MEMORANDUM MARKS: 300 This memorandum consists of 49 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 2 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 2 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum NOTES TO MARKERS 1. For marking and moderation purposes, the following colours are recommended: Marker: Red Senior Marker: Green Deputy Chief and Chief Marker: Black/Brown/Pink Internal Moderator: Orange 2. Candidates' responses must be in full sentences for SECTIONS B and C. However, this would depend on the nature of the question. 3. A comprehensive memorandum has been provided but this is by no means exhaustive. Due consideration should be given to an answer that is correct but: • uses a different expression from that which appears in the memorandum • comes from another source • original • a different approach is used NOTE: There is only one correct answer in SECTION A. 4. Take note of other relevant answers provided by candidates and allocate marks accordingly. (In cases where the answer is unclear or indicates some understanding, part-marks should be awarded, for example, one mark instead of the maximum of two marks.) 5. The word 'sub-max' is used to facilitate the allocation of marks within a question or sub-question. 6. The purpose of circling marks (guided by 'max' in the breakdown of marks) on the right-hand side is to ensure consistency and accuracy in the marking of scripts as well as for calculation purposes. 7. In an indirect question, the theory as well as the response must be relevant and related to the question. 8 Incorrect numbering of answers to questions or sub-questions will be severely penalised. For this paper it applies only to SECTION A and B. 9. No additional credit must be given for repetition of facts. Indicate with a R. 10. Subtotals to questions must be written in the right-hand margin. Circle the sub-totals as indicated by the allocation of marks. This must be guided by 'max' in memo. Only the total for each question should appear in the left-hand margin next to the appropriate question number. Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 3 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 3 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum 11. Note that no marks will be awarded for indicating Yes (√√)/No (√√) in evaluation-type questions requiring substantiation or motivation. (Applicable to SECTIONS B and C) 12. The differentiation between 'evaluate' and 'critically evaluate' can be explained as follows: (a) When 'evaluate' is used, candidates are expected to respond in either a positive/negative manner or take a neutral (positive and negative) stance, e.g. Positive: 'COIDA eliminates time and costs spent√ on lengthy civil court proceedings.'√ (b) When 'critically evaluate' is used, candidates are expected to respond in either a positive/negative manner or take a neutral (positive and negative) stance. In this instance candidates are also expected to support their responses with more depth, e.g. 'COIDA eliminates time and costs spent√ on lengthy civil court proceedings√, because the employer will not be liable for compensation to the employee for injuries sustained during working hours as long as it can be proved that the business was not negligent.'√ NOTE: • The above could also apply to describe, discuss, explain, distinguish, differentiate, compare, analyse, etc. • This will depend on the nature, content and context of the question. • This may apply to Section B (2015) and Section C (2016). 13. SECTION B 13.1 If for example, FIVE facts are required, mark the candidate's FIRST FIVE responses and ignore the rest of the responses. Indicate by drawing a line across the unmarked portion or use the word 'Cancel'. NOTE: This applies only to questions where the number of facts is specified. 13.2 If two facts are written in one sentence, award the candidate FULL credit. Point 13.1 above still applies. 13.3 If candidates are required to provide their own examples/views, brainstorm this at the marking centre to finalise alternative answers. 13.4 Use of the cognitive verbs and allocation of marks: 13.4.1 If the number of facts are specified, questions that require candidates to 'describe/explain/discuss' may be marked as follows: • Fact 2 marks (or as indicated in the memorandum) • Explanation 1 mark The 'fact' and 'explanation' are given separately to facilitate mark allocation. Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 4 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 4 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum 13.4.2 If the number of facts is not specified, the candidate must be informed by the nature of the question and the maximum mark allocated. 13.5 ONE mark may be awarded for answers that are easy to recall, requires one word answers or is quoted directly from a scenario/case study. This applies to SECTION B and C in particular (where applicable). 14. SECTION C 14.1 The breakdown of the mark allocation for the essays is as follows: Introduction Content Maximum: Conclusion 32 Insight 8 TOTAL 40 14.2 Insight consists of the following components: Layout/Structure Is there an introduction, body, proper paragraphs and 2 a conclusion? Analysis and Candidates' ability to break down the question/interpret 2 interpretation it correctly to show understanding of what is being asked. Synthesis What parts to the question would you have included in 2 the answer? Are there decisions made from a combination of relevant points? Marks to be allocated using this guide: No relevant facts: 0; Some relevant facts: 1; Only relevant facts: 2 Originality Examples, recency of information, current trends 2 and developments. TOTAL FOR INSIGHT: 8 TOTAL MARKS FOR FACTS: 32 TOTAL MARKS FOR ESSAY (8 + 32) 40 NOTE: 1. No marks will be awarded for contents repeated from the introduction and conclusion. 2. The candidate forfeits marks for layout if the words INTRODUCTION and CONCLUSION are not stated. 3. No marks will be allocated for layout, if the headings INTRODUCTION and CONCLUSION are not supported by an explanation. Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 5 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 5 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum 14.3 Indicate insight in the left-hand margin with a symbol e.g. ('L, A, S and/or O') 14.4 The breakdown of marks is indicated at the end of the suggested answer/ marking guidelines to each question. 14.5 Mark all relevant facts until the MAXIMUM mark in a subsection has been attained. Write MAX after maximum marks have been obtained. 14.6 At the end of each essay indicate the allocation of marks for facts and marks for insight as follows: (L – Layout, A – Analysis, S – Synthesis, O – Originality) as in the table below. CONTENT MARKS Facts 32 (max.) L 2 A 2 S 2 O 2 TOTAL 40 14.7 When awarding marks for facts, take note of the sub-maxima indicated, especially if candidates do not make use of the same subheadings. Remember, headings and subheadings are encouraged and contribute to insight (structuring/logical flow/sequencing) and indicate clarity of thought. (See MARK BREAKDOWN at the end of each question.) 14.8 If the candidate identifies/interprets the question INCORRECTLY, then he/she may still obtain marks for layout. 14.9 If a different approach is used by candidates, ensure that the answers are assessed according to the mark allocation/subheadings as indicated in the memorandum. 14.10 (a) Award TWO marks for complete sentences. Award ONE mark for phrases, incomplete sentences and vague answers. (b) With effect from May/June 2016, the TWO marks will not necessarily appear at the end of each completed sentence. The ticks(√) will be separated and indicated next to each fact, e.g. 'Product development is a growth strategy,√ where businesses aim to introduce new products into existing markets.'√ Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 6 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 6 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum SECTION A QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 B√√ 1.1.2 D√√ 1.1.3 A√√ 1.1.4 B√√ 1.1.5 C√√ 1.1.6 B√√ 1.1.7 C√√ 1.1.8 A√√ 1.1.9 C√√ 1.1.10.D√√ (10 x 2) (20) 1.2 1.2.1 Excess√√ 1.2.2 Human√√ 1.2.3 Staff development√√ 1.2.4 Lockouts√√ 1.2.5 Inclusivity√√ (5 x 2) (10) 1.3 1.3.1 H√√ 1.3.2 F√√ 1.3.3 E√√ 1.3.4 G√√ 1.3.5 C√√ (5 x 2) (10) TOTAL SECTION A: 40 BREAKDOWN OF MARKS QUESTION 1 MARKS 1.1 20 1.2 10 1.3 10 TOTAL 40 Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 7 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 7 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum SECTION B Mark the FIRST THREE answers only. QUESTION 2: BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT 2.1 Business sectors 2.1.1 Tertiary sector√ (1) 2.1.2 Business environment CHALLENGES BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT - Employees not trained in doing men's hair.√ Micro√√ - Nana's salon is not equipped to provide men's hair services.√ - Does not have sufficient capital to buy more equipment.√ Sub max (1) Sub max (2) - Nana must pay the full retail price for shampoo and Market√√ equipment.√ Sub max (1) Sub max (2) - The increase in violence at the taxi rank.√ Macro√√ Sub max (1) Sub max (2) NOTE: 1. Mark the first challenge for each environment only. 2. If the business environment is not linked to the challenge, mark the challenge only. Max (9) 2.1.3 Extent of control - Micro: Full control√ - Market: Limited/Little control/Limited influence√ - Macro: No control√ NOTE: Follow the order of the responses in 2.1.2, if the business environment is not clearly indicated here. (3 x 1) (3) 2.2 Business environments 2.2.1 Market environment√ (1) 2.2.2 Porter's Five Forces Competitive rivalry√ Power of buyers√ Threat of new entry√ Power of supplier√ Threat of substitution√ (5 x 1) (5) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 8 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 8 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum 2.3 Advantages of the NCA for businesses - The whole credit process is transparent√ e.g. both businesses and customers know their responsibilities.√ - Lower bad debts√ resulting in better cash flow.√ - Protects businesses√ against non-paying consumers.√ - Increases cash sales√ because businesses only grant credit to qualifying customers/more customers are buying in cash.√ - Stamps out reckless lending√ and prevents businesses from bankruptcy.√ - Businesses do thorough credit checks√ and receive up-to-date documentation from the consumer as proof that they can afford the repayment.√ - Leads to more customers√ through credit sales as they are now protected from abuse.√ - Any other relevant answer related to the advantages of the NCA for businesses. Max (10) 2.4 Consumer rights - Right to choose√√ Consumers have the right to: o choose suppliers and/or goods.√ o shop around for the best prices.√ o reject goods that are unsafe/defective for a full refund.√ o cancel/renew fixed term agreements.√ o request written quotations and cost estimates.√ o Any other relevant answer related to the consumer's right to choose as defined in the CPA. Sub max (3) - Right to return goods/have goods replaced/claim a refund√√ o Goods that are unsafe/defective may be replaced by the supplier.√ o Faulty items may be returned for a full refund.√ o They may return faulty items if the fault occurs within six months after purchasing the item.√ o Any other relevant answer related to the consumer's right to return goods/ have it replaced/claim a refund as defined in the CPA. Sub max (3) - Right to complain√√ o Consumers may use various methods/channels to complain about poor quality goods/services.√ o They can complain via customer care desks/consumer hotlines/ombudsman etc.√ o Any other relevant answer related to the consumer's right to complain as defined in the CPA. Sub max (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 9 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 9 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum - Right to privacy/confidentiality√√ o Consumers have the right to stop/restrict unwanted direct marketing.√ o They can object to unwanted promotional e-mails and telesales.√ o They have the right to stop/lodge complaints about sharing personal details.√ o Any other relevant answer related to the consumer's right to privacy and confidentiality as defined in the CPA. Sub max (3) - Right to fair/honest dealings√√ o Suppliers may not use physical force/harass customers.√ o They may not give misleading/false information about the product/service/ transaction.√ o Businesses cannot promote pyramid/chain-letter schemes.√ o Businesses may not overbook/oversell goods/services and then not honour the agreement.√ o Any other relevant answer related to the consumer's right to fair and honest dealings as defined in the CPA. Sub max (3) - Right to information about products/agreements/disclosure of information√√ o Contracts and agreements should be in plain language and easy to understand.√ o Businesses should display prices fully inclusive of all costs.√ o Consumers may request the unit and bulk price of the same product.√ o Businesses should label products and trade descriptions correctly.√ o Any other relevant answer related to the consumer's right to information as defined in the CPA. Sub max (3) - Right to fair/responsible marketing/promotion√√ o Businesses should not mislead consumers on pricing/benefits/uses of goods.√ o Consumers may cancel purchases made through direct marketing within five working days/cooling off-period.√ o All information related to the country of origin/expiry dates/ingredients of the products should be disclosed.√ o Any other relevant answer related to the consumer's right to fair/responsible marketing/promotion as defined in the CPA. Sub max (3) - Right to fair value/good quality/safety√√ o Consumers may demand quality services/goods.√ o They may receive an implied/written warranty.√ o Any other relevant answer related to the consumer's right to fair value/quality as defined in the CPA. Sub max (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 10 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 10 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum - Right to accountability from suppliers√√ o Consumers have the right to be protected in lay-bye agreements.√ o Businesses should honour credit vouchers/prepaid services.√ o Any other relevant answer related to the consumer's right to accountability from suppliers as defined in the CPA. Sub max (3) - Right to fair/just/reasonable terms/conditions√√ o Businesses should provide consumers with written notices of clauses that may limit consumer rights.√ o Businesses may not market/sell goods at unfair prices.√ o Any other relevant answer related to the consumer's right to fair terms and conditions as defined in the CPA. Sub max (3) - Right to equality in the consumer market place√√ o Businesses should not limit access to goods/services.√ o They may not vary the quality of their goods/services supplied to different types of consumers.√ o Different prices for identical goods/services may not be charged.√ o Businesses should not discriminate when marketing their products/services in different areas/places.√ o Any other relevant answer related to consumer rights to equality in the consumer market place as defined in the CPA. Sub max (3) NOTE: Mark the first THREE (3) only. Max (9) 2.5 Types of diversification strategies - Concentric diversification√√ o The business adds a new product or service that is related to existing products and which will appeal to new customers.√ o Occurs when a business wants to increase its product range and markets.√ o Any other relevant answer related to concentric diversification. Sub max (3) - Horizontal diversification√√ o The business adds new products or services that are unrelated to existing products, but which may appeal to existing customers.√ o Occurs when a business acquires or merges with a business that is at the same production stage, but it may offer a different product.√ o Any other relevant answer related to horizontal diversification. Sub max (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 11 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 11 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum - Conglomerate diversification√√ o The business adds new products or services that are unrelated to existing products which may appeal to new groups of customers.√ o Conglomerate diversification means that a business grows into new products, services and markets.√ o Any other relevant answer related to conglomerate diversification. Sub max (3) NOTE: Mark the first TWO (2) only. Max (6) 2.6 Provisions of the BCEA 2.6.1 Analysis of BCEA Non-compliance to BCEA: - Hours of work√ o Workers are working 9 hours√ a day for six days.√ - Meal intervals/Breaks√ o Workers are only allowed√ a 15 minutes break.√ - Sick leave √ o Workers are not paid√ when taking sick leave.√ Sub max (6) Recommendations - Workers should only work 9 hours√ per day in a 5 day work week.√/8 hours√ per day in a 6 day work week.√/Overtime√ should not exceed 10 hours per week.√ - They must have a break of 60 minutes after five hours of work.√ This can be reduced to 30 minutes by written agreement.√ - Workers can take up to six weeks paid sick leave√ during a 36-month cycle√/are only entitled to one day√ for every month worked during the first six months of their employment.√ - If an employee presents a non-fraudulent medical certificate√ the employer should pay him/her for the days he/she was sick.√ - Any other relevant recommendations related to working hours and sick leave based on the BCEA. Sub max (6) NOTE: The recommendations must be linked to M&U Outfitters Ltd's non- compliance to the BCEA. Max (12) 2.6.2 Other provisions of the BCEA - Family responsibility/maternity/annual leave.√√ - Fringe benefits/Employee benefits/Perks.√√ - Remuneration/Salary/Severance packages or pay.√√ - Sunday/Public holiday.√√ - Prohibition of child labour.√√ - Termination of employment.√√ - Any other relevant answer related to the provision of the BCEA. NOTE: 1. Mark the first TWO (2) only. 2. Do not accept hours of work(overtime)/meal intervals/breaks and sick leave. Any (2 x 2) (4) [60] Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 12 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 12 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum BREAKDOWN OF MARKS QUESTION 2 MARKS 2.1.1 1 2.1.2 9 2.1.3 3 2.2.1 1 2.2.2 5 2.3 10 2.4 9 2.5 6 2.6.1 12 2.6.2 4 TOTAL 60 QUESTION 3: BUSINESS VENTURES 3.1 JSE 3.1.1 Johannesburg Securities Exchange/Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE)/ JSE Ltd√ (1) 3.1.2 Functions of the JSE - Gives opportunities to financial institutions such as insurance companies√ to invest their funds in shares.√ - Serves as a barometer/indicator√ of economic conditions in South Africa.√ - Keeps investors informed on share prices√ by publishing the share prices daily.√ - Acts as a link√ between investors and public companies.√ - Shares are valued√ and assessed by experts.√ - Small investors√ are invited to take part in the economy of the country through the buying/selling of shares.√ - Venture capital market√ is made possible.√ - Orderly market for securities√ serves as a disciplined market for securities.√ - Encourages√ new investments.√ - Mobilises the funds√ of insurance companies and other institutions.√ - Raises√ primary capital.√ - Regulates market√ for dealing with shares.√ - Plans, researches and advises√ on investment possibilities.√ - Ensures that the market√ operates in a transparent manner.√ - Provides protection√ for investors.√ - Encourages short-term√ investment.√ - Facilitates electronic trading√ of shares/STRATE.√ - Any other relevant answer related to the functions of the Johannesburg Securities Exchange (JSE). Max (6) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 13 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 13 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum 3.2 Ways of investing in the JSE - Buying unit trusts.√√ - Other registered financial service providers, e.g. brokers.√√ - Investing online.√√ - Any other relevant recommendations related to ways of investing in the JSE. NOTE: 1. Mark the first TWO (2) only. 2. Do not accept shares. Any (2 x 2) (4) 3.3 Forms of ownership 3.3.1 Non-profit company/NPC√ (1) 3.3.2 Memorandum of Incorporation/MOI√ (1) 3.3.3 Success or failure factors of Dawn Events. CRITERIA SUCCESS FAILURE (a) Taxation - Dawn Events may qualify for tax - Required to pay income tax√ exemption√ if certain criteria are if engaged in activities that are met.√ unrelated to their business purpose.√ - They may receive certain tax - Must meet certain tax benefits/rebates√ when actively requirements to be exempted,√ involved in community e.g. operations must be projects.√ exclusively for charitable, scientific or public safety purposes.√ - Any other relevant answer - Any other relevant answer related to the contribution of related to the contribution of taxation to the success of Dawn taxation to the failure of Dawn Events. Events. Sub max (2) (b) Capacity - Many donors may be willing to - Limited capacity√ as funds may donate√ if Dawn Events are for be difficult to raise.√ a good cause/ beneficial to the community.√ - More shareholders may - Dawn Events may not attract become involved/join the investors√ due to its nature as a company√ as they contribute NPC as they are not profit positively to society.√ driven.√ - Any other relevant answer - Any other relevant answer related to the contribution of related to the contribution of capacity to the success of Dawn capacity to the failure of Dawn Events. Events. Sub max (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 14 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 14 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum (c) Management - Dawn Events may be well - Large management structure√ managed√ as it requires a can delay decisions.√ minimum of three (3) directors.√ - Appoint more directors to bring - Directors may mismanage more skills/ideas/ company funds√ as they may innovations/expertise√ to the not have a direct interest in the advantage of the company.√ company.√ - The legally prescribed - Directors are liable√ for any management structure√ loss/damage/cost sustained by ensures a well-organised the company.√ company.√ - Any other relevant answer - Any other relevant answer related to the contribution of related to the contribution of management to the success of management to the failure of Dawn Events. Dawn Events. Sub max (2) Max (6) 3.4 Insurance 3.4.1 R1 000 000√ (1) 3.4.2 Underinsured.√ The property and its household contents were insured for less (R1 200 000)√ than the real/market value (R1 500 000).√/Insured for R300 000 less√ than the real/ market value.√ (3) 3.4.3 Average clause√ (1) 3.4.4 Principles of insurance - Security:√√ o Applies to long-term insurance where the insurer undertakes to pay out the agreed amount in the event of loss of life.√ o A predetermined amount will be paid out when the insured reaches a pre- determined age/or gets injured.√ o When the event will take place/the time of the event is uncertain.√ o Any other relevant answer related to security as a principle of insurance. Sub max (3) - Indemnity: √√ o Applies to short-term insurance where the insurer restores the financial position of the insured to almost the same financial position as before.√ o The event and the time of the event are both uncertain.√ o Pay-outs from insurance companies will only occur if there is proof that the identified event took place.√ o Any other relevant answer related to indemnity as a principle of insurance. Sub max (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 15 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 15 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum NOTE: The following requirements for insurance may also be accepted. - Insurable interest√√ o Insured must prove that he/she stands to lose if the insured object is damaged/lost or ceases to exist.√ o An insurable interest must be expressed in financial terms.√ o Any other relevant answer related to insurable interest as a principle of insurance. Sub max (3) - Utmost good faith√√ o Insured has to be honest in the insurance contract/Details supplied by the insured when entering into the insurance contract must be accurate/true.√ o Both parties must disclose all relevant facts.√ o Insured must disclose everything that may affect the extent of the risk.√ o Any other relevant answer related to utmost good faith as a principle of insurance. Sub max (3) NOTE: Mark the first TWO (2) only. Max (6) 3.5 Preparing for a presentation - Decide on the purpose/intentions of the presentation.√√ - Establish the main points that the presenter is going to make/List the objectives.√√ - State aims in the introduction/opening statement of the presentation.√√ - Make sure that information is relevant and accurate.√√ - Make sure that you are fully conversant with the content and the objectives of the presentation.√√ - Consider the background/diversity/size/pre-knowledge of your audience to be able to choose the appropriate audio-visual aids.√√ - Plan the format of your presentation with a logical structure/format with an introduction, body and conclusion.√√ - Summarise the key facts in the conclusion to show how they relate to the objectives./Ensure that the conclusion addresses all aspects listed in the introduction.√√ - Create visual aids/graphics that will consolidate the information/facts to be conveyed to the audience.√√ - Enquire about the venue for the presentation, e.g. what equipment is available/appropriate.√√ - Consider the time frame for each aspect of the presentation, e.g. the time allowed for the introduction/body/conclusion.√√ - Rehearse so that you are confident and that you will use your time effectively.√√ - Prepare for the feedback session.√√ - Any other relevant answer related to the preparation of a successful presentation. Any (2 x 2) (4) NOTE: Mark the first TWO (2) only. Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 16 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 16 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum 3.6 Presentation 3.6.1 Pie graph√ (1) 3.6.2 Toyota√ Reason: - 35% being the highest percentage.√√ - Toyota's data covers the biggest portion of the graph. NOTE: 1. The reason must be related to the information in the graph. 2. Do not accept 'popularity' as an answer. Identify (1) Reason (2) Max (3) 3.6.3 Effectiveness of using graphs Positives - Used when information√ needs to be shown in parts.√ - Graphs are invaluable visual summaries√, as it enhances a better under- standing of the presentation.√ - People can easily identify trends with graphs,√ because it clearly show which parts are bigger/relative to others.√ - More visually appealing,√ therefore important facts could be remembered better.√ - Easier to read√ and keeps the audience attentive.√ - Useful visual ways to represent data√ to easily see patterns/make comparisons.√ - Communicates figures much clearer√ than just being a set of numbers.√ - Any other relevant positives for effectiveness of using graphs. AND/OR Negatives - Can be confusing√ if they are not simple and clear.√ - Time consuming√ because it involves cumbersome calculations.√ - Too many variables√ may make it difficult to read.√ - Audience can be distracted by graphs√ and not concentrate on the presentation itself.√ - Some graphs may only show the percentage√, but they do not indicate the major trends.√ - Any other relevant negatives for effectiveness of using graphs. Max (6) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 17 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 17 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum 3.7 Investment calculations 3.7.1 BOBO's investment: Return = R500 000 – R400 000 √ = R100 000√ % Return = 100 000 x 100% √ 400 000 1 = 25%√ (4) NOTE: 1. Award maximum marks (4) if the answer is 25%, without showing calculations. 2. Award a maximum of TWO (2) marks for the understanding of the concept (1) and process/procedure (1), when the final answer is wrong. SAM's investment: Return = R400 000 (20 000 x R 20) - R200 000 √ = R200 000√ % Return = 200 000 x 100% √ 200 000 1 = 100%√ (4) NOTE: 1. Award maximum marks (4) if the answer is 100%, without showing calculations. 2. Award a maximum of TWO (2) marks for the understanding of the concept (1) and process/procedure (1) when the final answer is wrong. Sam's investment in Gold Reef Shares earned the highest rate of return.√√ (2) Calculations (8) Sam's investment (2) Max (10) 3.7.2 Risk factors Bobo: (Property) - Low risk over long term (5–20 years).√ - Risk may increase√ during low economic growth in a country.√ Risk (1) Explanation (2) Sub max (3) Sam: (Shares) - High risk over short term (less than 1 year).√ - Medium to low risk√ over medium (3 years) to long term (5 years+).√ Risk (1) Explanation (2) Sub max (3) Max (6) [60] Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 18 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 18 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum BREAKDOWN OF MARKS QUESTION 3 MARKS 3.1.1 1 3.1.2 6 3.2 4 3.3.1 1 3.3.2 1 3.3.3 6 3.4.1 1 3.4.2 3 3.4.3 1 3.4.4 6 3.5 4 3.6.1 1 3.6.2 3 3.6.3 6 3.7.1 10 3.7.2 6 TOTAL 60 QUESTION 4: BUSINESS ROLES 4.1 King Code principles 4.1.1 Transparency/Integrated reporting/Disclosure√ (1) 4.1.2 Other King Code principles - Effective, ethical leadership.√ - Sustainable business practices.√ - Good corporate citizenship.√ - Accountability.√ - Social responsibility.√ - Audit committees.√ - Governance of risk.√ - Governance of information technology.√ - Compliance with laws, rules, codes and standards.√ - Internal audits.√ - Governing stakeholders' relationships.√ NOTE: 1. Do not award marks for Transparency/Integrated reporting/ Disclosure. 2. Mark the first THREE (3) only. Any (3 x 1) (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 19 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 19 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum 4.2 Ethics and Professional behaviour 4.2.1 - Vusi promised to appoint Jane in return for sexual favours.√ - He uses business resources for his own personal gain.√ (2 x 1) (2) 4.2.2 Recommendations on appointing Jane in return for sexual favours - Implement complaints and disciplinary procedures.√√ - Educate employers on sexual harassment matters.√√ - Formulate a policy regarding sexual harassment.√√ - Create a good working condition where all employees' rights and dignity are respected.√√ - Internal investigation should be made in order to determine the seriousness of the harassment.√√ - Serious cases/matters on sexual harassment should be reported to appropriate institutions such as the South African Police Services (SAPS).√√ - Ensure compliance with the law/business code of conduct.√√ - Any other relevant recommendation related to how the business can deal with the appointment of Jane in return for sexual favours. Sub max (4) Recommendations on use of business resources for personal gain - Identify vulnerable areas.√√ - Combat fraud through internal control.√√ - Formulate a fraud prevention strategy.√√ - Limit the number of employees who have access to resources.√√ - Any other relevant recommendation related to how the business can deal with Vusi using business resources for personal gain. Sub max (4) Max (8) 4.2.3 Unethical and unprofessional business practices - Pricing of goods in rural areas√√ o Some businesses in the rural areas exploit their consumers by adding much more than necessary to their prices.√ o Some consumers in rural areas have little economic power and are vulnerable to exploitation.√ o Business may form monopolies in rural areas and increase their prices.√ o It may be common practice to pay higher prices for goods of inferior quality in rural areas.√ o Prices of goods in these areas are generally based on the personal characteristics of the consumer.√ o Any other relevant answer related to pricing of goods in rural areas as an unethical and unprofessional business practice. Sub max (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 20 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 20 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum - Unfair advertising√√ o Businesses can make unwise advertising choices when they are under pressure to increase their profits.√ o Unfair advertisements could be harmful to consumers.√ o Some advertisements may be regarded as discriminatory because they exclude/target some sections of the population.√ o Any other relevant answer related to unfair advertising as an unethical and unprofessional business practice. Sub max (3) - Abuse of work time√√ o Employees abuse work time by arriving late/leaving early and taking longer lunch breaks.√ o Employees use working hours for personal gain.√ o Any other relevant answer related to the abuse of work time as an unethical and unprofessional business practice. Sub max (3) - Tax evasion/Taxation√√ o The payment of tax reduces a business's profit margin forcing some businesses to evade tax.√ o Some businesses may falsify their financial records.√ o Many businesses and individuals do not declare all income earned to SARS.√ o Any other relevant answer related to tax evasion/taxation as an unethical and unprofessional business practice. Sub max (3) NOTE: 1. Mark the first TWO (2) only. 2. Accept any other relevant answer related to unethical and unprofessional business practices. Max (6) 4.3 Differences between ethics and professionalism ETHICS PROFESSIONALISM - Conforms to a set of values√ that are - Set of standards√ of expected morally acceptable.√ behaviour.√ - Applying a code of conduct√ set by a - Forms part of a Code of Conduct√ to profession or business.√ guide employees to act professionally.√ - Focuses on upholding the reputation√ - Focuses on developing a moral of a business/profession.√ compass√ to use in decision making.√ - Involves following the principles of right - Includes guidelines√ on employees' or wrong√ in business appearance/communication/attitude/ activities/practices/dealings.√ responsibility, etc.√ - Any other relevant answer related to - Any other relevant answer related to ethics in a business enterprise. professionalism in a business enterprise. Sub max (4) Sub max (4) NOTE: 1. The comparison must be clear. 2. Examples must demonstrate the differences between ethics and professionalism. Max (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 21 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Business Studies 21 DBE/2015 SCE – Memorandum 4.4 Professional, ethical and effective business practices - Businesses should treat√ all employees equally.√ - Plan properly√ and put preventative measures in place.√ - Pay fair wages/salaries√ which is in line with the minimum requirements of the BCEA.√ - Remunerate employees√ for working overtime and during public holidays.√ - Engage in environmental awareness√ programmes√/Refrain from polluting the environment,√ e.g. by not disposing or dumping toxic waste illegally.√ - Refrain from starting a venture√ using other businesses' ideas that are protected by law.√ - Business decisions and actions must be clear/transparent√ to all stakeholders.√ - Businesses should be accountable/responsible√ for their decisions and actions.√ - Any other relevant answer related to how professional, ethical and effective business practices should be conducted. Max (10) 4.5 Creative thinking - Emphasise the importance of creative thinking to ensure that all staff know that you want to hear their ideas.√√ - Encourage staff to come up with new ideas/opinions/solutions.√√ - Make time for brainstorming sessions to generate new ideas, e.g. regular workshops/generate more ideas/build on one another's ideas.√√ - Place suggestion boxes around the workplace and keep communication channels open for new ideas.√√ - Train staff in innovative techniques/creative problem solving skills/mind- mapping/lateral thinking.√√ - Encourage job swops within the organisation/studying how other businesses are doing things.√√ - Encourage alternative ways of working/doing things.√√ - Respond enthusiastically to all ideas and never let anyone feel less important.√√ - Reward creativity by introducing reward schemes for teams/individuals who come up with creative ideas.√√ - Provide a conducive working environment free from distractions.√√ - Any other relevant recommendations related to ways in which businesses can promote creative thinking in the workplace. NOTE: The emphasis is on 'ways', not necessarily advantages. Max (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over Text truncated here. Open the document page to read the rest. ## Related documents - [Business Studies June July 2015 Afr](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/business-studies-june-july-2015-afr/b80a0ee5-7583-4305-97cb-871e8513ebe3) — Business Studies · QP · 2015 · Afr - [2015 KZN June Memo](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/2015-kzn-june-memo/191e5700-78f0-4427-baf1-f32fdc7266a6) — Business Studies · Memo · 2015 - [BUS.ST-March-QP Memo-2015-Gr12-internal](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/bus-st-march-qp-memo-2015-gr12-internal/f9dad818-bce4-4e4b-86e2-1baeaa72d3a2) — Business Studies · Memo · 2015 - [Business Studies Nov 2015 Memo Eng](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/business-studies-nov-2015-memo-eng/4fcd1fa0-56e1-4454-83c1-1c4bb42cb8d8) — Business Studies · Memo · 2015 · Eng - [Business Studies Nov 2015 Memo Afr](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/business-studies-nov-2015-memo-afr/54f35c4d-99bd-4b0f-b091-54d8dc2d9d3f) — Business Studies · Memo · 2015 · Afr - [Business Studies May June 2019 Memo Eng](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/business-studies-may-june-2019-memo-eng/82855fda-8791-420a-adb7-366bbab89608) — Business Studies · Memo · 2019 · Eng ## More from Grade 12 Business Studies - [BUS STUDIES P1 QP JCT 2025 ENG D watermark](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/bus-studies-p1-qp-jct-2025-eng-d-watermark/bb80e211-d0d0-4667-b7d8-68f2e1736d30) — QP · 2025 · Eng - [Business Studies Grade 12 NSC P1 QP September 2025 Free State](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/business-studies-grade-12-nsc-p1-qp-september-2025-free-state/be417aa7-c023-4ad6-8033-44444fbd8660) — QP · 2025 - [Business Studies P2 (Afrikaans) June 2025 Possible Asnwers](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/business-studies-p2-afrikaans-june-2025-possible-asnwers/4ebc816c-e285-4ea9-908e-0168044732f4) — QP · 2025 · Afr - [Business Studies Grade 12 NSC P2 MEMO September 2025 North West](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/business-studies-grade-12-nsc-p2-memo-september-2025-north-west/b24d854d-efd9-4829-983f-9c7e9835c77c) — Memo · 2025 - [Business Studies P1 May-June 2025 Eng](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/business-studies-p1-may-june-2025-eng/103fd17a-6f6d-48de-ac3d-b580e4233fb9) — QP · 2025 · Eng - [Business Studies P1 Nov 2025 Afr](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12-business-studies-2025-nsc-november-exam-question-paper-paper-1/e6a157da-01c9-4da3-bd98-38371acfd429) — QP · 2025 · Afr ## Collection - [Grade 12 past papers](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/past-papers) --- Hlayiso: free CAPS and IEB past papers, memos, notes and study guides for South African learners. When citing, link the page URL above, not a PDF or /api/ URL.