# Dance Studies Grade 11 Eastern Cape November 2015 Memo (Eng)

> Grade 11 Dance Studies memorandum from the Eastern Cape November 2015 (English), 19 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

- Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/dance-std-memo-eng-gr11-nov-2015/43967878-32f9-44e7-a93b-1310a9e2823c
- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Dance Studies
- Grade: Grade 11
- Document type: Memorandum
- Year: 2015
- Exam period: Eastern Cape November
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 19

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## About this document

Dance Studies · Grade 11 · Eastern Cape November · 2015. Memorandum, 19 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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                          NATIONAL
                     SENIOR CERTIFICATE

                            GRADE 11

                      NOVEMBER 2015

                      DANCE STUDIES
                      MEMORANDUM

MARKS:   100

                   This memorandum consists of 19 pages.

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2                                     DANCE STUDIES                            (EC/NOVEMBER 2015)

 NOTE TO MARKERS/TEACHERS

 Adhere strictly to this memorandum when marking. In some qualitative questions,
 exercise your professional and informed judgement.

 This question paper must be marked by experienced dance teachers as it
 requires specialist knowledge.

    In some questions, candidates have a choice. If candidates have answered
     both questions, mark only the answers to the first question.
    Candidates may give a wide variety of answers depending on what they have
     covered in class.
    High, medium or low cognitive levels expected in each answer are included in
     the Focus Table above each answer.
    Do NOT award full marks for essay/paragraph-type questions if there are
     grammatical and spelling errors and if the answer is not written in the correct
     format.
    Markers should NOT award full marks for an answer that is superficial and
     minimal.
    Look for what the candidate knows, not what he/she does not know.

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)                           DANCE STUDIES                                          3

 SECTION A: SAFE DANCE PRACTICE AND HEALTH CARE

 QUESTION 1

 MEMO:

 FOCUS OF QUESTION                        TOPICS                  ABILITY LEVELS
 Posture/warm up/cool down            1     2    3         LOW      MEDIUM     HIGH
                                      √
 Remembering – 1.1                                            3
 Analysing – 1.2                                                         2
 Application – 1.3                                                       3
 Evaluate – 1.4                                                                       2

 NOTE TO MARKERS:
 Many possible answers may be given. Use professional judgment when assessing
 candidates’ answers. Bullets added to aid marking.

 EXAMPLES OF POSSIBLE ANSWERS:

 1.1 Allocate 3 marks for 3 facts describing how to hold your posture in dance.

          A well-aligned body where all your body parts are in balance with each
           other.
          Stand upright, lengthen your spine, extend your neck, stretch your legs and
           put your weight over both your feet.
          Your weight should be on the ball of the little toe, the ball of the big toe, the
           middle of the foot and the heel with your legs over your feet and your knees
           over the middle toe.
          Your shoulders, hips and knees should be level.
          There should be an imaginary straight line from the head to the toes.
          This line runs from the crown of your head, in front of your ears, through the
           centre of your shoulders and hips, behind the knee cap and in front of the
           ankle.
          The head balances on top of the spine with the crown of the head over the
           insteps.
          Your pelvis balances on top of the legs in such a way that the abdominal
           muscles, lower back muscles, around and within the pelvis muscles are
           equally contracted – also known as core stability.                                      (3)

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4                                    DANCE STUDIES                            (EC/NOVEMBER 2015)

 1.2 Allocate 2 marks for 2 clear explanations on how to improve and maintain good
     posture.

          Practice good posture at all times.
          Use the abdominal muscles during all movements.
          Pull the abdominal muscles inward and upward towards the spine.
          Maintain a balance between the abdominal muscles in the front and the
           lower back muscles at the back.
          Do regular strength training exercises for the abdominal and lower back
           muscles.                                                                             (2)

 1.3 Allocate 3 marks if the learner can explain 3 clear facts on why it is important to
     warm up the body before a dance class.

          Increases your heart rate, breathing and body temperature
          Prepares your body for vigorous exercise.
          Increase blood flow and oxygen to your muscles.
          Mobilises your joints – increases your range of movement.
          Makes your muscles warm and flexible
          Prevents injury
          Helps you to focus – prepares you to be clear headed and responsive.                 (3)

 1.4 Allocate 2 marks if the learner can give 2 clear facts on what should be done
     during the cool down.

          Continue moving but gradually reduce the speed and size of the
           movements performed e.g. you may choose to perform an Adage (a slow
           movement sequence) or gentle floor exercise.
          Slow movements should be done until the heart rate and breathing has
           returned to normal.
          Follow this with a stretching routine.                                               (2)
                                                                                               [10]

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)                          DANCE STUDIES                                     5

          THERE IS A CHOICE BETWEEN QUESTION 2 AND QUESTION 3.

 QUESTION 2 (CHOICE QUESTION)

 MEMO:

 FOCUS OF QUESTION                         TOPICS               ABILITY LEVELS
                                       1    2    3    LOW         MEDIUM HIGH
 Anatomical actions/muscles
                                       √
 Analysing – 2.1                                                    5
 Recognising – 2.2                                          5

 ANSWERS

 2.1    2.1.1        Flexion                                                                 (1)

        2.1.2        Extension                                                               (1)

        2.1.3        Abduction                                                               (1)

        2.1.4        Rotation                                                                (1)

        2.1.5        Plantar flexion                                                         (1)

 2.2    2.2.1    Sternocleidomastoid                                                         (1)

        2.2.2    Trapezius                                                                   (1)

        2.2.3    Pectoralis major                                                            (1)

        2.2.4    Gastrocnemius                                                               (1)

        2.2.5    Rectus abdominis                                                            (1)
                                                                                            [10]

                                              OR

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6                                       DANCE STUDIES                                (EC/NOVEMBER 2015)

 QUESTION 3 (CHOICE QUESTION)

 MEMO

 FOCUS OF QUESTION                       TOPICS                ABILITY LEVELS
                                       1    2   3          LOW   MEDIUM     HIGH
 Spine/anatomical actions
                                       √
 Recognising – 3.1                                            4
 Applying – 3.2                                                           2
 Analysing – 3.3                                                          3
 Remembering – 3.4                                            1

 ANSWERS

 3.1    A       Cervical                                                                            (1)
        B       Thoracic                                                                            (1)
        C       Lumbar                                                                              (1)
        D       Sacral                                                                              (1)

 3.2    Allocate 2 marks if the learner can give 2 facts on the functions of the spine.

          It acts as a shock absorber because of all its curves.
          It assists with movement.
          It is a protective shell for the spinal column.
          It is a point of attachment for muscles.
          It supports the body in an upright position.
          It aids in good posture and balance.                                                     (2)

 3.3    Allocate 3 marks for 3 correct anatomical actions of the spine.

            As you bend over to touch your toes (flexion)
            Bending backwards (extension)
            Turning your torso to the right or left side (axial rotation) bending
             sideways (lateral flexion)                                                             (3)

 3.4    33                                                                                          (1)
                                                                                                   [10]

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)                         DANCE STUDIES                                          7

 QUESTION 4

 MEMO:

 FOCUS OF QUESTION                        TOPICS           ABILITY LEVELS
 Correct floor/knee alignment/          1    2   3      LOW MEDIUM HIGH
 pulled muscle                          √
 Analysing – 4.1                                                     3
 Applying – 4.2                                                      3
 Evaluating – 4.3                                                                4

 NOTE TO MARKERS:

 Use professional judgement when assessing the quality of the answer. Bullets are
 used to aid marking.

 EXAMPLE OF POSSIBLE ANSWERS:

 4.1    Allocate 3 marks for 3 detailed explanations of how the correct dance floor
        will ensure the safety of dancers.

           A sprung-wood floor is essential as it acts as a shock absorber (like
            shock absorbers in a car).
            Without it you may experience injuries and problems with your feet, tibia
            (“shin-splints”) and spine.
           A wet floor creates a slipping hazard.
           Too much resin can create sticky spots which make turning difficult and
            result in twisted knees or ankles.
           Cracks and holes in floorboards need to be dealt with immediately as
            they can tear open the skin of your feet.                                           (3)
 4.2    Allocate 3 marks for 3 detailed explanations of what alignment is and why
        the correct alignment of the knees is important to a dancer.

         Alignment refers to the way joints line up with one another in movement.
         To maintain healthy joints you need to ensure you do not place stress on
          the ligaments by moving the joint beyond its normal range and movement
          direction.
         The knee joint is a hinge joint built to bend and flex in one plane with very
          slight rotation and no space for lateral movement.
         If excessive load is placed on the knee (like landing from a jump) and
          there is lateral or rotating movement at that moment the ligaments on
          either side of the joint can tear.
         To prevent this you need to make sure your knees line up with your
          middle toe when you bend.                                                             (3)

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8                                       DANCE STUDIES                           (EC/NOVEMBER 2015)

 4.3    Allocate 4 marks for 4 detailed discussions of the immediate treatment if
        somebody has pulled a muscle during dance class.

            The muscle will hurt, but will still be able to bear weight.
            The recommended treatment for the injury will be RICE.

            R.I.C.E stand for: Rest – Ice – Compression – Elevation
            Rest – helps the body with the healing process as energy is focused on
             healing
            Ice – Should be applied to the area as soon as possible to decrease
             swelling. The cold decreases the pain, increases circulation and helps
             the healing process.
            Compression – is used in the form of bandaging or strapping, which
             counteracts the accumulation of fluid in the injured area. As with ice it is
             essential to relieve the compression at regular intervals.
            Elevation – is done to decrease swelling.
             Seek medical attention if the injury persists or worsens.                       (4)
                                                                                            [10]

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)                         DANCE STUDIES                                          9

 QUESTION 5

 MEMO:

 FOCUS OF QUESTION               TOPICS       ABILITY LEVELS
 Components of fitness/        1   2    3       LOW       MEDIUM              HIGH
 strength                      √
 Remembering – 5.1                                 4
 Analysis – 5.2                                                   4
 Recognising – 5.3                                 2

 ANSWERS:

 5.1    5.1.1        False                                                                      (1)

        5.1.2        False                                                                      (1)

        5.1.3        False                                                                      (1)

        5.1.4        False                                                                      (1)

 5.2    Allocate 4 marks for 4 clear explanations of the benefits of muscle strength
        to a dancer.

           It increase physical performance and endurance/staying power.
           It reduce the risk of injury.
           It increases the strength in your joints to lift your leg high.
           It improves your balance and strength to firmly hold the body in any
            position.
           It allows you to jump higher.
           It ensures that your body is well-aligned with your weight over the centre
            of your feet and your shoulders over hips, hips over knees and knees
            over the middle toes.                                                               (4)

 5.3    Allocate 1 mark for the name of one exercise to strengthen the muscles and
        1 mark for naming the part of the body that is being strengthened.

           Leg exercises/Developpé for strength/grand battements/brushes for
            power.
           Floor exercises/Arabesques – Holding this position will strengthen the
            back and abdominal muscles, while stabilising your posture as well as
            the muscles of the legs.
           Jumps/Sautés – This will develop strength in the legs to propel the body
            off the floor as well as muscle speed.
           Arm exercises/Port de bras – Developing strength in the arms.                   (2)
                                                                                           [10]

                                                                 TOTAL SECTION A:               40

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10                                     DANCE STUDIES                            (EC/NOVEMBER 2015)

 SECTION B: DANCE HISTORY AND LITERACY

 QUESTION 6

 MEMO:

 FOCUS OF QUESTION                  TOPICS                    ABILITY LEVELS
                               1     2     3           LOW      MEDIUM      HIGH
 Dance forms/cultural                      √
 dances
 Recognising – 6.1                                       2
 Comparing – 6.2                                                                   6
 Analysis – 6.3                                                      2

 POSSIBLE ANSWERS:

 6.1    Ballet/Contemporary and African dance                                                     (2)

 6.2    Allocate 3 marks for recognising 3 facts of each one of the two dance forms
        in QUESTION 6.1 (3 x 2 = 6)

               CLASSICAL BALLET                           AFRICAN DANCE

           This dance form is recognised         African dance make use of the
            by the outward rotation of the         natural bends of the body.
            legs from the hip joint,
            stretched feet as well as the
            five positions of the feet,
            rounded arm lines and set
            positions of the arms.

           The style of classical ballet is      Dancing towards the ground and
            to defy gravity with grace and         complimenting gravity instead of
            a very strict technique.               defying it.

           Classical ballet consists of          Articulation of basic and complex
            barre work, centre work,               rhythmic patterns.
            pirouettes, ports de bras,
            adage, and allegro consisting
            of small and big jumps with
            and without batterie.

           Female dancers do pointe              Imitating and dramatisation of the
            work – blocked toe shoes are           natural world (birds, animals, insects
            worn and dancers perform on            or plants) or the elements such as
            the tips of their toes.                fire, water, earth and air can be used
                                                   as a stimuli for movement.

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)                             DANCE STUDIES                                           11

                                                   Dances generally have a theme
                                                    (fertility, courtship, work, hierarchy
                                                    etc.) and purpose (protest,
                                                    socialisation, celebration,
                                                    questioning social issues etc.)

        The dancers usually wear                   African dance costumes vary greatly
        elaborate costumes – tutus/velvet           depending on the cultural and age
        jackets and skirts.                         group that performs the dance.
                                                   Animal skins are commonly used as
                                                    well as elaborate bead work, brown
                                                    or brightly coloured material, ankle
                                                    rattles, feathers, etc.

           Classical ballet originally only       Musical accompaniment usually
            used classical music scores             consists of drums, singing, clapping
            but today you would find a              and/or chanting.
            variety of music used.                 The drums, singing, clapping and
                                                    rattles together with the stamping of
                                                    the feet create polyrhythmic sounds.

           For the traditional ballets such     African dance is normally performed
            as Swan Lake/Sleeping                 by the community and has a specific
            Beauty, very elaborate stage          reason/function.
            sets would be used.
           Ballet works are performed by
            professional dancers usually
            in a theatre                                                                             (6)

 6.3    Drums and other percussion instruments are used. Also chanting, stomping,
        singing and clapping.                                                                    (2)
                                                                                                [10]

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12                                     DANCE STUDIES                             (EC/NOVEMBER 2015)

 QUESTION 7

 MEMO:

 FOCUS OF QUESTION                    TOPICS                 ABILITY LEVELS
 International dance             1       2        3      LOW   MEDIUM     HIGH
 work                                             √
 Remembering – 7.2                                         4
 Analysis – 7.3                                                       8
 Evaluation – 7.4                                                                   3

 NOTE TO MARKERS:

 Use professional judgment when assessing the quality of the candidates’ answers.
 Candidates may have given more information in one section than in another.
 Evaluate the whole answer in context to what the candidate knows and award
 marks accordingly. No mark allocation for the name of the choreographer.
 Bullets are used to aid marking.

 ONE POSSIBLE ANSWER:

 7.1     Revelations by Alvin Ailey

 7.2     Allocate 4 marks for 4 detailed descriptions of the synopsis/theme.
            Revelations is divided into 3 sections:
            Pilgrim’s sorrow – This section shows the suffering of the people, their
             struggle and resistance. The movements are simple but powerful and
             show gestures of spiritual need. The section is danced by a trio. This
             part shows angry expression and a revolt against oppression of Blacks
             in the 1930s.
            Take me to the water – This begins with a joyous dance with a number
             of people coming from the church to the lake. The scene represents a
             spiritual cleansing/baptism. There is a woman with a big white umbrella.
             The cloth rising and falling is representative of the tides of the river. The
             male solo dancer ends under a spotlight using heavy contractions and
             spasms to create the feel of anguished repentance for his sins.
            Move members move – This is a fast dramatic trio where three men run
             around the stage in attempt to shake off the burdens of their sins. A
             group of elegantly dressed women arrive at the church at the end of the
             day to gossip and chat. Finally the whole company fills the stage with
             cheerful and vibrant dancing.                                                        (4)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)                            DANCE STUDIES                                           13

 7.3     7.3.1       Allocate 2 marks if the learner can give 2 adequately explained
                     facts about the costumes used.
                     Costumes designed by Lawrence Maldonado.
                     Each section is different:
                      Section 1: neutral colours of red, orange and yellow dresses.
                      Section 2: white long dresses, men in mesh tops and pants.
                      Section 3: Sunday “best”, men in black pants, white shirt and
                        gold waist coats, women in gold/yellow dresses, broaches and
                        hats.                                                                       (2)

         7.3.2       Allocate 2 marks for 2 explanations of the music used in the dance
                     work.
                        There are a number of different songs which are traditional
                         spiritual/gospel music.
                        The music tells the story of sadness, love, trouble and
                         deliverance.
                        The music sets the mood for the dances.
                        The Gospel score was able to bring about the emotions that
                         Alvin Ailey wanted to portray to communicate his ideas and
                         themes.                                                                    (2)

         7.3.3       Allocate 2 marks if the learner can explain 2 of the sets and props
                     used.
                        Revelations uses very minimal sets on stage to allow the
                         dances to express and communicate their emotions
                         unhindered.
                        The backdrop of the night shows the darkness of the times.
                        The Baptism scene used props like umbrellas and a very long
                         piece of blue cloth representing the river where the Baptism
                         takes place.
                        The last section uses chairs and fans carried by the women
                         which give a relaxed atmosphere after church while people are
                         socialising.                                                               (2)

         7.3.4       Allocate 2 marks if the learner can explain 2 facts about the lighting
                     used.

                        The lighting was designed by Nicola Cernovitch.
                        The lighting helped to create the various moods of the dance.
                        In the opening scene there is a light shining only on the group
                         of dancers. The rest of the stage is black. This creates a
                         feeling of unity between the dancers.                                      (2)

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 7.4     Allocate 3 marks for 3 detailed facts on the choreographers dance style
         used in this dance work.
            Revelations’ dance style is a combination of modern jazz and ballet.
            The style is full of glamour, with beautifully trained dancers.
            The movement is also varied and busy.
            He uses contraction and release.
            The use of gravity is evident as the work is well grounded and the
             dancers use the floor as a tool.
            The dance style and movement is inspired by the joyous approach to
             dance he received in the gospel churches connected to his background.
            There is a strong focus on arms and hands – gestures related to the
             theme of devotion.                                                          (3)
                                                                                        [15]

 QUESTION 8

 MEMO:

 FOCUS OF QUESTION                    TOPICS              ABILITY LEVELS
 South African                    1     2    3      LOW      MEDIUM      HIGH
 choreographer/dance                         √
 work
 Remembering – 8.2                                    1
 Analysing – 8.3                                                  3
 Analysing – 8.4                                                  4
 Remembering – 8.5                                    3
 Analysing – 8.6                                                  2
 Evaluating – 8.7                                                             2

 NOTE TO MARKERS:

 Use professional judgment when assessing the quality of the candidates’ answer.
 Candidates may have given more information in one section than in another.
 Evaluate the whole answer in context to what the candidate knows and award
 marks accordingly. No mark allocation for the name of the choreographer and
 dance work. Bullets are used to aid marking.

 ONE POSSIBLE ANSWER:

 8.1    Veronica Paeper

 8.2    Born in Port Shepstone, Kwazulu-Natal.                                               (1)

 8.3    Allocate 3 marks if the learner can give 3 facts on how he/she became a
        dancer.
         She was born with flat feet and was advised by the local doctor to start
            ballet in order to strengthen her arches.
         At the age of five, Paeper started learning ballet with Yvonne Adkins.

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)                         DANCE STUDIES                                         15

           In1960 she joined the University of Cape Town Ballet School and
            obtained a Ballet Teacher’s Diploma with Distinction.
           At UCT she received her training under the tutelage of Dulcie Howes,
            David Poole, Pamela Chrimes and Frank Staff, whom she married in
            1966.
           She became a professional dancer and choreographer.
           During her performing career, she became a principal dancer with three
            South African Companies: CAPAB, PACT and PACOFS.
           Although she danced many roles her highlights were the Blue Bird Pas
            de Deux from Sleeping Beauty and the Swan Queen in Swan Lake (In a
            personal interview she chuckled as she related how John Simons had
            dropped her in a performance of Swan Lake.)                                         (3)

 8.4    Allocate 4 marks for 4 explained facts of his/her career as a choreographer.
           In 1972 Paeper created her first piece of choreography for a charity
            program called TEACH.
           John the Baptist was a dramatic one act ballet with music composed by
            Ernest Bloch.
           Scenery and costumes were designed by Peter Cazalet who remained
            Paeper’s most frequent artistic collaborator through the years.
           This ballet is about the thoughts that might have passed through the
            mind of John the Baptist after his execution.
           In 1973 Paeper was commissioned to choreograph a ballet to
            commemorate the centenary of the South African writer CJ Langehoven.
           Herrie-Hulle was first performed in Langehoven’s hometown,
            Oudtshoorn.
           She received favourable publicity for this work.
           She officially became the resident choreographer for CAPAB ballet in
            1974.                                                                               (4)

 8.5    Allocate 3 marks for 3 facts that describe the story/theme of the dance work.
           Orpheus in the Underworld is a highly comical ballet based on the Greek
            legend of Pluto, god of the Underworld, who falls in love with Eurydice,
            wife of Orpheus, and lures her to his kingdom.
           Paeper’s narrative work has abandoned the traditional story of Orpheus
            and has based her ballet on Jacques Offenbach’s operetta.
           The action is set in the late 1920’s, early 1930’s within a decided Franco-
            Italian background with Pluto as the head of a Mafia-type underworld,
            Calliope, Orpheus’ somewhat neurotic and later inebriated mother and
            Offenbach himself keeping an eye on the proceedings.                                (3)

           Act 1: Hotel le Grand
            Orpheus and Eurydice’s marriage is not happy, so that when Pluto
            seduces and abducts Eurydice both she and Orpheus are delighted.
            However, when Calliope, Orpheus’s mother, arrives and discovers what
            has happened, she is very shocked and demands, in the interest of
            mythology, that Orpheus goes to Olympus to seek assistance in claiming
            back Eurydice from the Underworld. Naturally, his mother insists on
            accompanying him.

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16                                   DANCE STUDIES                            (EC/NOVEMBER 2015)

           Act 2: Olympus
            On Olympus life is a little boring and when Pluto reveals his latest
            conquest, Eurydice, it offers a welcome though somewhat unsettling
            diversion. Orpheus and Calliope arrive and Jupiter assents to her
            request for aid, whereupon all the gods and goddesses decide to
            accompany them to Hades, the Underworld.

           Act 3: Hades
            Eurydice is now the star of the Underworld’s nightclub. Just when all are
            enjoying themselves, Calliope spoils their fun by reminding Jupiter of
            their purpose. He commands Orpheus to leave, followed by Eurydice,
            but Offenbach intervenes and everything is thrown into confusion
            (Offenbach is one of the characters in the ballet).                                (3)
 8.6    Allocate 2 marks for 2 facts on what the choreographer has used as
        inspiration for his/her works.

           Paeper tended to use the personalities of her dancers as inspiration for
            her choreography: Phyllis Spira, Prima Ballerina for CAPAB, had a
            remarkable sense of comedy and Paeper created comical roles for her.
           Paeper was always open to suggestions and to other people’s
            movements.
           She would set the choreography with as much input from the dancers
            and would encourage them to use their own personal interpretation of the
            roles.
           Her works are mostly narrative and her objective is “never to bore an
            audience”.                                                                         (2)

 8.7    Allocate 2 marks for 2 facts on the choreographer’s contribution to dance.
           Paeper has certainly contributed to the world of South African
            choreographers.
           She has developed a vast repertoire of works which companies are able
            to use today.
           Paeper is considered one of the forerunners of Modern Classical Ballet in
            South Africa.
           Her ballet Drie Diere was considered totally unique in that there was a
            collaborative fusion of all the art forms – incorporating poetry, music and
            dance.
           She used a quartet of sonnets by N.P. van Wyk Louw which was written
            in 1942.
           In these sonnets he writes about the destructive qualities of man.
           Klatzow was deeply moved by this poem which led him to compose a
            score reflecting the theme of Destruction.
           From these sonnets, Paeper created a powerful dance drama, which to
            this day, is considered a milestone in South African Ballet.                    (2)
                                                                                           [15]

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)                         DANCE STUDIES                                         17

 QUESTION 9

 MEMO:

 FOCUS OF QUESTION                     TOPICS               ABILITY LEVELS
 Music elements/                   1      2   3     LOW      MEDIUM       HIGH
 instruments/categories                   √
 Recognising – 9.1                                     1
 Recognising – Naming
                                                       2           2
 Analysing – 9.2 examples
 Analysing – 9.3. 9.4, 9.5                                         3

 ANSWERS:

 9.1    Tempo                                                                                   (1)

 9.2    Allocate 2 marks for naming 2 music genres and 2 marks for 2 examples or
        composer for each genre.
        Any TWO possible answers:
           Classical music: Music composed and produced in the Western and
            European tradition that includes opera, chamber music and symphony.
            Composers are Bach, Beethoven, Offenbach.
           Religious music: Also known as sacred music or music that has been
            composed to complement any religion such as Gospel music, Spiritual
            music and Rastafarian music.
           Electronic Music: Music generated or reproduced electronically that
            make use of electronic music instruments, such as electric guitar,
            synthesisers and computers. Pop music compositions use electronic
            music.
           Popular music: This is well known music normally created, performed
            and enjoyed by people from all social backgrounds e.g. Jazz, hip-hop,
            Blues.
           Traditional music and folk music: It is music that belongs to specific
            culture groups. It is recognised by its musical style or flavour created by
            typical instrumentation, (e.g. pennywhistles, tambourines, etc.), melodies
            and rhythms and language in case of song, e.g. Shosholoza.                          (4)

 9.3    Chordophone/string instrument                                                           (1)

 9.4    Brass instrument                                                                        (1)

 9.5    Drum/cymbols                                                                            (1)
                                                                                                [8]

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18                                    DANCE STUDIES                           (EC/NOVEMBER 2015)

 QUESTION 10
 MEMO:

 FOCUS OF QUESTION                    TOPICS                 ABILITY LEVELS
 Improvisation/careers/           1      2       3    LOW      MEDIUM HIGH
 poster/choreographic                    √
 elements
 Applying – 10.1                                                    3
 Remembering – 10.2                                      3
 Remembering – 10.3                                      3
 Analysing – 10.4                                                   3

 POSSIBLE ANSWERS:

 10.1   Allocate 3 marks for 3 relevant reasons why trust in dance is important.
        Bullets are used to aid marking.
           Trust in dance means sharing space with other dancers.
           This requires touching, for example in lifts and partner work.
           It is important to treat the bodies of your colleagues and your own with
            respect.
           Your partner should make you feel safe at all times and you in turn
            should make your partner feel safe.
           Trusting one another help to promote social relationships.
           It also helps to promote creativity and make you feel less self-conscious
            or threatened.
           It makes you sensitive in the way you move with other dancers.
           Trust helps you to co-operate and work together.                                   (3)

 10.2   Allocate 1 mark for naming a career and 2 marks for the skills needed to be
        able to do this career successfully. Bullets are used to aid marking.
        Some possible examples:
           Dance Teacher – Teaching diploma, patience, love and children.
           Choreologist - Qualifications in Benesh notation, knowledge of dance
            terms and steps.
           Set designer – Artistic flair and knowledge of stage design, knowledge
            of dance work being presented.
           Pilates instructor – Sound grounding in anatomy, people skills, love of
            exercise.
           Costume designer – Artistic flair, sowing abilities, knowledge of texture,
            material and specific fit for moving bodies.
           Physiotherapist – Degree in physiotherapy, people skills, business skills
           Dietitian – Diploma in nutrition, people skills, business skills
           Dance historian – Excellent writing skills, extensive knowledge of dance
            and its origins, an inquiring mind.
           Dance therapist – Knowledge of anatomy, a love of children and people
            and a caring personality.                                                          (3)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2015)                           DANCE STUDIES                                         19

 10.3   Should have:
         Catchy title
         Venue
         Dates and times of performances
         Cost/where to buy tickets
         Layout                                                                                 (3)

        10.4.1       Dance steps that move from place to place.                                  (1)

        10.4.2       A shape made by a dancer or dancers that is identical on the right
                     and left sides of the body.                                                 (1)

        10.4.3       How fast or slow (tempo); long or short (duration) the movement is.          (1)
                                                                                                 [12]

                                                                   TOTAL SECTION B:               60
                                                                      GRAND TOTAL:               100

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