# Economics Grade 12 P1 Eastern Cape Mock 2021 QP (Eng) > Grade 12 Economics Paper 1 question paper from the Eastern Cape Mock Exam 2021 (English), 13 pages. Read online or download the free PDF. - Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p1-gr12-qp-sept2021-english/61644ae9-c602-40ed-97fc-074720e0f530 - Updated: 2026-09-27 - Subject: Economics - Grade: Grade 12 - Language: English - Document type: Question paper - Year: 2021 - Exam period: Eastern Cape Mock Exam - Paper: 1 - Curriculum: CAPS - Pages: 13 Breadcrumbs: [Home](https://www.hlayiso.com/) › [Library](https://www.hlayiso.com/library) › [Grade 12](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12) › [Economics](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12/economics) › [Economics Grade 12 P1 Eastern Cape Mock 2021 QP (Eng)](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p1-gr12-qp-sept2021-english/61644ae9-c602-40ed-97fc-074720e0f530) ## About this document Economics · Grade 12 · Eastern Cape Mock Exam · 2021 · English. Question paper, 13 pages. Read online or download the PDF. Read it free online on the page above; download the PDF from there. ## Matching paper and memo - [ECONOMICS P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT2021 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p1-gr12-memo-sept2021-english/f71b59cc-d759-45ca-8fbc-31cb94eeac9f) — Memo · 2021 · Eng ## Document text Text extracted from the PDF. Layout, diagrams and tables may not survive extraction. ### Page 1 Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 SEPTEMBER 2021 ECONOMICS P1 MARKS: 150 TIME: 2 hours This question paper consists of 13 pages. ### Page 2 Downloaded from hlayiso.com 2 ECONOMICS P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2021) INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. Answer FOUR questions as follows in the ANSWER BOOK: SECTION A: COMPULSORY SECTION B: Answer any TWO of the three questions SECTION C: Answer ONE of the two questions 2. Answer only the required number of questions. Answers in excess of the required number will NOT be marked. 3. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. 4. Write the question number above each answer. 5. Read the questions carefully. 6. Start EACH question on a NEW page. 7. Leave 2–3 lines between subsections of questions. 8. Answer the questions in full sentences and ensure that the format, content and context of your responses comply with the cognitive requirements of the questions. 9. Use only black or blue ink. 10. You may use a non-programmable pocket calculator. 11. Write neatly and legibly. Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 3 Downloaded from hlayiso.com 3 ECONOMICS P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2021) SECTION A (COMPULSORY) 30 MARKS – 20 MINUTES QUESTION 1 1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (1.1.1–1.1.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.1.9 D. 1.1.1 The severity of a phase of the business cycle is measured by the … A trough. B amplitude. C extrapolation. D trend. 1.1.2 Labour can be bought and sold in the … market. A factor B goods C financial D consumer 1.1.3 When import taxes are imposed as a percentage of the value of the imported goods, it is known as … tariffs. A composite B specific C ad valorem D average 1.1.4 If the exchange rate changed from $1 = R6 to $1 = R8, due to market forces, then … A the $ depreciated against the R. B the R depreciated against the $. C the R devalued against the $. D the $ devalued against the R. 1.1.5 Social grants to the citizens of South Africa forms part of the … policy. A monetary B trade C growth D fiscal Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 4 Downloaded from hlayiso.com 4 ECONOMICS P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2021) 1.1.6 The process of transforming a mineral to a higher value product, which can be consumed locally or exported, is known as… A gateways. B driveways. C export processing zones. D beneficiation 1.1.7 The inflation target set by the South African government, is … A 1 – 6%. B 6 – 12%. C 3 – 6%. D 0 – 3%. 1.1.8 An international organisation that requires its members to standardise their indicators, is called the … A World Bank. B Government Financial Statistics. C World Economic Forum. D Human Development Index. (8 x 2) (16) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 5 Downloaded from hlayiso.com 5 ECONOMICS P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2021) 1.2 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches an item in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–I) next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK. COLUMN A COLUMN B 1.2.1 Trade balance A embedded in demand and supply side policies 1.2.2 Free trade B increase potential for large scale production 1.2.3 Real flow C producers and consumers can buy goods and services from anywhere in the world without the interference of government 1.2.4 New economic D shows relationship between tax rates paradigm and tax revenue 1.2.5 Laffer curve E the return of land to those who lost it because of discriminatory laws 1.2.6 National Industrial F the difference between what a country Policy Framework exports, including gold, and what it (NIPF) imports 1.2.7 Land restitution G measured by dividing the real GDP by the number of workers employed 1.2.8 Labour productivity H the movement of goods, services and factors of production among the participants in the economy I reflects all transactions between one country and another (8 x 1) (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 6 Downloaded from hlayiso.com 6 ECONOMICS P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2021) 1.3 Give ONE term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the question numbers (1.3.1 to 1.3.6) in the ANSWER BOOK. Abbreviations, acronyms and examples will NOT be accepted. 1.3.1 Continuous flow of spending, production and income between different sectors 1.3.2 A negative economic growth for at least two successive quarters 1.3.3 Transfer of functions and ownership of entities from the private sector to the public sector 1.3.4 The worldwide interaction of economies with trade as an important element 1.3.5 Initiated to attract infrastructure and business investments to neglected and underdeveloped areas 1.3.6 All persons of either gender between the ages of 15 and 65 who supply labour for productive activities (6 x 1) (6) TOTAL SECTION A: 30 Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 7 Downloaded from hlayiso.com 7 ECONOMICS P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2021) SECTION B QUESTION 2: MACROECONOMICS 40 MARKS – 30 MINUTES 2.1 Answer the following questions. 2.1.1 Name any TWO problems of public sector provisioning (2 x 1) (2) 2.1.2 Why is borrowing not a long-term solution for a fundamental BOP disequilibrium? (1 x 2) (2) 2.2 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow. The multiplier effect comes about because injections of new demand for goods and services into the circular flow of income stimulate further rounds of spending. National income can change as a direct result in a change in aggregate spending. [Adapted from https://www.economicsonline.co.uk] 2.2.1 Name ONE example of an injection. (1) 2.2.2 Give the formula to calculate aggregate expenditure in an open economy. (1) 2.2.3 Briefly describe the term injection. (2) 2.2.4 What is the effect on national income if injections are less than withdrawals? (2) 2.2.5 Suppose the expenditure function ( E ) = 10 + 0.5Y. Draw a clearly labelled 45° diagram to show the expenditure function. (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 8 Downloaded from hlayiso.com 8 ECONOMICS P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2021) 2.3 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow. SOUTH AFRICA LEADING BUSINESS CYCLE INDICATOR The composite leading business cycle indicator in South Africa has since advanced after a sharp drop in April 2020. The largest positive contributions came from higher building plans approvals. [Adapted from SARBQB, December 2020.] 2.3.1 Give an example of a leading indicator. (1) 2.3.2 Indicate the phase of a business cycle that has the highest unemployment rate. (1) 2.3.3 Briefly describe the term business cycle. (2) 2.3.4 Explain the Keynesian approach of business cycles. (2) 2.3.5 How can the South African Reserve Bank prevent the economy from reaching a trough? (4) 2.4 Draw a fully labelled graph to show the relationship between inflation and unemployment. (8) 2.5 Assess the limitations of comparative advantage theory for countries involved in international trade. (8) [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 9 Downloaded from hlayiso.com 9 ECONOMICS P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2021) QUESTION 3: ECONOMIC PURSUITS 40 MARKS – 30 MINUTES 3.1 Answer the following questions. 3.1.1 Name any TWO indicators relating to money supply. (2 x 1) (2) 3.1.2 How does education help in social development? (1 x 2) (2) 3.2 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow. UNEQUAL STANDARDS OF LIVING [Adapted from https://www.bbc.co.uk/] 3.2.1 Give a formula to calculate per capita income. (1) 3.2.2 Identify the side where longer life expectancy is experienced. (1) 3.2.3 Briefly describe the term North-South divide. (2) 3.2.4 Compare the poverty levels of the North and South countries. (2) 3.2.5 How do countries in the ‘south’ negatively affect the environment? (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 10 Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10 ECONOMICS P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2021) 3.3 Study the table below and answer the questions that follow. CURRENT MARKET RATES Indicator Value Last period Movement Repo rate 3,5 23/02/2021 Prime rate 7,00 23/02/2021 M3 9,48 Dec 2020 Rand per US Dollar 14,6818 23/02/2021 [Adapted from www.resbank.co.za] 3.3.1 Identify an indicator related to interest rates. (1) 3.3.2 Name the type of exchange rate system used in South Africa. (1) 3.3.3 Briefly describe the term prime rate. (2) 3.3.4 Why is it important for the government to assess the performance of the economy? (2) 3.3.5 How can an increase in repo rate affect consumption expenditure? (4) 3.4 Discuss tariffs and quotas as methods of import substitution. (8) 3.5 How can the Expanded Public Work Programme be used to reduce the unemployment rate? (8) [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 11 Downloaded from hlayiso.com 11 ECONOMICS P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2021) QUESTION 4: MACRO ECONOMICS AND ECONOMIC PURSUITS 40 MARKS – 30 MINUTES 4.1 Answer the following questions. 4.1.1 Name any TWO incentives used by the SA government to improve industrial development. (2 x 1) (2) 4.1.2 How can a country improve the terms of trade? (1 x 2) (2) 4.2 Study the table below and answer the questions that follow: NATIONAL ACCOUNT AGGREGATES SOUTH AFRICA’S GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT 2019 R millions Compensation of employees 2 418 544 Net operating surplus 1 296 696 Consumption of fixed capital 713 078 Gross value added at factor cost 4 428 317 Other taxes on production 105 061 Other subsidies on production 9 798 Gross value added at basic prices A Taxes on products 554 866 Subsidies on products 10 821 Gross domestic product at market prices 5 077 625 [Adapted from SARB Quarterly Bulletin, December 2020] 4.2.1 Give ONE example of taxes on products. (1) 4.2.2 Identify the method used to calculate Gross Domestic Product. (1) 4.2.3 Briefly describe the term consumption of fixed capital. (2) 4.2.4 Determine the value of A above. (2) 4.2.5 Why does the government provide subsidies on products? (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 12 Downloaded from hlayiso.com 12 ECONOMICS P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2021) 4.3 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow. PERCENTAGE OF HOUSEHOLDS WITH ACCESS TO DRINKING WATER IN SOUTH AFRICA – SOCIAL INDICATOR [Adapted from stats.sa@gov.za] 4.3.1 Give any other example of a basic service. (1) 4.3.2 Indicate the percentage of South African households who do not have access to improved water sources. (1) 4.3.3 Briefly describe the term social indicator. (2) 4.3.4 What measures can be used to ensure sufficient water supplies in South Africa? (2) 4.3.5 How successful has the South African government been in rendering services as a social indicator? (4) 4.4 Briefly discuss prevention of dumping and protection of natural resources as arguments in favour of protectionism. (8) 4.5 How can the Reserve Bank effectively reduce the deficit on the balance of payments? (8) [40] TOTAL SECTION B: 80 Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 13 Downloaded from hlayiso.com 13 ECONOMICS P1 (EC/SEPTEMBER 2021) SECTION C Answer any ONE question of the TWO questions in the ANSWER BOOK. Your answer will be assessed as follows: MARK STRUCTURE OF ESSAY ALLOCATION Introduction The introduction is a lower-order response. Max. 2 • A good starting point would be to define the main concept related to the question topic. • Do NOT include any part of the question in your introduction. • Do NOT repeat any part of the introduction in the body. • Avoid mentioning in the introduction what you are going to discuss in the body. Body Main part: Discuss in detail/In-depth discussion/Examine/Critically Max. 26 discuss/ Compare/Evaluate/Distinguish/Differentiate/Explain/Assess/ Debate/Draw a graph and explain/Use the graph given and explain/Complete the given graph Max. 10 Additional part: Give own opinion/Critically discuss/Evaluate/Critically evaluate/ Deduce/Compare/ Distinguish/Interpret/Briefly debate/ How/Suggest/Analyse Conclusion Any higher-order conclusion should include: • A brief summary of what has been discussed without repeating facts Max. 2 already mentioned • Any opinion or value judgment on the facts discussed • Additional support information to strengthen the discussion/analysis • A contradictory viewpoint with motivation, if required • Recommendations TOTAL 40 QUESTION 5: MACROECONOMICS 40 MARKS – 40 MINUTES • Discuss in detail the reason(s) for public sector failure. (26 marks) • How can inefficiencies contributing to public sector failure be solved? (10 marks) [40] QUESTION 6: ECONOMIC PURSUITS 40 MARKS – 40 MINUTES • Discuss in detail the South Africa’s initiatives in regional development. (26 marks) • Evaluate the success of South Africa's regional development policies in terms of international benchmarking. (10 marks) [40] TOTAL SECTION C: 40 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved Please turn over ## Related documents - [Economics P1 QP June 2021 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p1-qp-june-2021-english/a9a1ed4d-12d3-41cd-b139-291224bc05ca) — Economics · QP · 2021 · Eng - [ECON P1 GR12 QP SEPT 2018 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/econ-p1-gr12-qp-sept-2018-english/4bded7c3-f717-49ba-8ceb-612b8e43eddd) — Economics · QP · 2018 · Eng - [Economics P1 Memo June 2021 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p1-memo-june-2021-english/e950b63c-8a27-48bb-9666-472bdc20a64a) — Economics · Memo · 2021 · Eng - [ECONOMICS P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT 2023 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p1-gr12-memo-sept-2023-english/2f2dfcd4-99d6-4ca1-b941-aa653985e502) — Economics · Memo · 2023 · Eng - [ECON P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT 2018 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/econ-p1-gr12-memo-sept-2018-english/b620ea39-e03a-4808-91b0-a06a2f306e46) — Economics · Memo · 2018 · Eng - [ECONOMICS P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT2017 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p1-gr12-memo-sept2017-english/3bc2ac92-e0de-4198-91d6-d15849198b39) — Economics · Memo · 2017 · Eng ## More from Grade 12 Economics - [Economics P2 Memo Afr watermark](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p2-memo-afr-watermark/c9d66fa3-0b40-419d-a6f6-d862847d4e82) — Memo · 2025 · Afr - [Economics P2 (English) June 2025 Possible Answers](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p2-english-june-2025-possible-answers/3df8bb66-2d0a-4b1b-89bf-509b303bfa3e) — Memo · 2025 · Eng - [Economics P1 May-June 2025 MG Eng](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p1-may-june-2025-mg-eng/f6c27985-fe67-48df-afba-d85bf5f76379) — Memo · 2025 · Eng - [ECONOMICS P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT 2024 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p1-gr12-memo-sept-2024-english/aacdfc1e-7b8b-44f0-9fa9-4d71d621503b) — Memo · 2024 · Eng - [ECONOMICS P2 QP GRADE 12 JUNE 2023 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p2-qp-grade-12-june-2023-english/88045080-47e4-4d97-87eb-c788e77bbfbd) — QP · 2023 · Eng - [ECONOMICS P2 MEMO GR12 JUNE 2023 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/economics-p2-memo-gr12-june-2023-english/f5026251-0c9a-4ca6-8d34-5fc4f625073a) — Memo · 2023 · Eng ## Collection - [Grade 12 past papers](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/past-papers) --- Hlayiso: free CAPS and IEB past papers, memos, notes and study guides for South African learners. 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