# Geography Grade 10 P1 Eastern Cape November 2017 QP (Eng)

> Grade 10 Geography Paper 1 question paper from the Eastern Cape November 2017 (English), 16 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

- Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/geography-p1-gr10-qp-nov2017-english/b0825578-d0f8-4742-acc3-9845c1efaa9b
- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Geography
- Grade: Grade 10
- Language: English
- Document type: Question paper
- Year: 2017
- Exam period: Eastern Cape November
- Paper: 1
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 16

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## About this document

Geography · Grade 10 · Eastern Cape November · 2017 · English. Question paper, 16 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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## Document text

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                                NATIONAL
                           SENIOR CERTIFICATE

                               GRADE 10

                            NOVEMBER 2017

                             GEOGRAPHY P1

MARKS:     225

TIME:      3 hours

        This question paper consists of 14 pages, and an annexure with 12 pages.

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2                                    GEOGRAPHY P1                          (EC/NOVEMBER 2017)

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1.     This question paper consists of FOUR questions.

2.     Answer any THREE questions of 75 marks each.

3.     All diagrams are included in the ANNEXURE.

4.     Number the questions correctly according to the numbering system used in this
       question paper.

5.     Leave a line between subsections of questions answered.

6.     Start EACH question on a NEW page.

7.     Do NOT write in the margins of the ANSWER BOOK.

8.     Illustrate your answers with labelled diagrams, where possible.

9.     Mark allocation is as follows: (2 x 1)(2) means that TWO facts are required for
                                      ONE mark each.
                                      (2 x 2)(4) means that TWO facts are required for
                                      TWO marks each.

10.    If words/action verbs like name, identify, provide, classify, are used in a
       question, ONE-WORD answers are acceptable.
       If words/action verbs like discuss, define, explain, comment, evaluate,
       justify, suggest and substantiate are used in a question, FULL sentences or
       phrases are required.
       All paragraph questions must be answered in FULL sentences.

11.    Write neatly and legibly.

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)                     GEOGRAPHY P1                                              3

SECTION A: CLIMATE, WEATHER AND GEOMORPHOLOGY

Answer at least ONE question in this section. If you answer ONE question in
SECTION A, you MUST answer TWO questions from SECTION B.

QUESTION 1

1.1   Refer to FIGURE 1.1 which shows the structure of the atmosphere and answer
      the questions that follow.

      1.1.1     Label layers A, B and C.

      1.1.2     Name ONE permanent gas found in layer A.

      1.1.3     In which layer is ozone found?

      1.1.4     Layer B starts from approximately 16 km above the earth’s surface.

                To which altitude does this layer extend to?

      1.1.5     Mention the boundary separating the troposphere from the stratosphere.
                                                                                (7 x 1)    (7)

1.2   Match a term in COLUMN B with the descriptions in COLUMN A. Write ONLY
      the correct letter (A–I) next to the corresponding question number (1.2.1–1.2.8)
      in your ANSWER BOOK. You may use each letter only ONCE.

                            COLUMN A                                COLUMN B
      1.2.1     The point in the earth’s crust where an        A    Vent
                earthquake begins
                                                               B    Tsunami
      1.2.2     Violent shaking of the earth’s crust caused
                by movement along a fault                      C    Seismograph

                                                               D    Seismogram
      1.2.3     The study of the earth’s physical features
                and the processes that create them
                                                               E    Magma
      1.2.4     Liquid rock that flows on the surface of       F    Lava
                earth
                                                               G    Geomorphology
      1.2.5     Liquid rock inside the earth’s crust
                                                               H    Earthquake
      1.2.6     The illustration of the seismic wave pattern
                produced by an earthquake                      I    Focus

      1.2.7     A wave of water produced when an
                earthquake occurs under the ocean

      1.2.8     Pipe that leads through a volcanic cone to
                the surface
                                                                                 (8 x 1)   (8)

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4                                         GEOGRAPHY P1                        (EC/NOVEMBER 2017)

1.3    Study FIGURE 1.3 which depicts global warming and answer the questions that
       follow.

       1.3.1    What is global warming?                                            (1 x 1)   (1)

       1.3.2    Identify THREE causes of global warming illustrated in FIGURE 1.3.
                                                                               (3 x 1)       (3)

       1.3.3    State ONE gas not shown in the diagram that can cause global
                warming.                                                     (1 x 1)         (1)

       1.3.4    Discuss TWO consequences of global warming.                        (2 x 2)   (4)

       1.3.5    Suggest any THREE strategies that people can use to minimise global
                warming.                                                    (3 x 2)          (6)

1.4    Carefully study FIGURE 1.4 illustrating a rainfall type and answer the questions
       that follow.

       1.4.1    What type of rainfall is depicted by FIGURE 1.4?                   (1 x 1)   (1)

       1.4.2    In which province in South Africa is the type of rainfall in FIGURE 1.4
                common?                                                            (1 x 1)   (1)

       1.4.3    Is the leeward side found at A or C in the diagram?                (1 x 1)   (1)

       1.4.4    Rainfall is common on side A of the mountain.

                Justify this statement.                                            (1 x 2)   (2)

       1.4.5    Explain why the temperature increases as you move downwards from B
                to C.                                                        (1 x 2)         (2)

       1.4.6    In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, discuss how this type of
                rainfall in FIGURE 1.4 is formed.                              (4 x 2)       (8)

1.5    Refer to FIGURE 1.5, which illustrate rock cycle and answer the questions based
       on it.

       1.5.1    Define the term rock cycle.                                        (1 x 1)   (1)

       1.5.2    Give the correct names for rocks labelled A, B and C.              (3 x 1)   (3)

       1.5.3    Which rock mentioned in QUESTION 1.5.2 is the oldest?              (1 x 1)   (1)

       1.5.4    Describe the formation of the following sedimentary rocks and give ONE
                example of each:

                (a)    Sedimentary rocks mechanically formed                       (2 + 1)   (3)

                (b)    Sedimentary rocks organically formed                        (2 + 1)   (3)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)                    GEOGRAPHY P1                                               5

       1.5.5    State whether the following rocks are metamorphic, sedimentary or
                igneous.

                (a)    Dolerite                                                             (1)

                (b)    Shale                                                                (1)

                (c)    Gneiss                                                               (1)

                (d)    Dolomite                                                             (1)

1.6    Refer to FIGURE 1.6, which illustrates the boundaries of seven major plates and
       answer the questions based on it.

       1.6.1    Name the plate that contains Australia.                          (1 x 1)    (1)

       1.6.2    What was the name of the first supercontinent that existed before?
                                                                                 (1 x 1)    (1)

       1.6.3    Give the name of the scientist that suggested that the earth’s crust is
                moving.                                                         (1 x 1)     (1)

       1.6.4    Explain what happens to plates at convergent plate boundaries. (1 x 2)      (2)

       1.6.5    Draw a simple sketch diagram showing a passive plate boundary.
                                                                             (2 x 2)        (4)

       1.6.6    The theory of continental drift suggests that continents were joined
                together about 200 million years ago.

                Discuss THREE evidences verifying that continents were once together.
                                                                               (3 x 2)      (6)
                                                                                           [75]

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6                                     GEOGRAPHY P1                               (EC/NOVEMBER 2017)

QUESTION 2

2.1   Refer to FIGURE 2.1 showing different types of folding that can occur.

      Match the following statements with the correct label from the diagram.

      2.1.1     A down fold

      2.1.2     An up fold

      2.1.3     The side of either an up fold or down fold

      2.1.4     A fold where one side is steeper than the other

      2.1.5     A fold where one side is pushed over the top of the other side

      2.1.6     A fold where one side is thrust forward over the other side along a fault
                                                                                  (6 x 1)        (6)

2.2   The force which form folds is called (compressional/tensional).                 (1 x 1)    (1)

2.3   Match the terms in COLUMN B with the descriptions in COLUMN A. write ONLY
      the letter (A–I) next to the question number (2.3.1–2.3.8) in the ANSWER BOOK.
      You may use each answer only ONCE. You may use each letter only ONCE.

                          COLUMN A                                   COLUMN B
      2.3.1     The category of gases which occur in A            Convection rain
                different amounts at different times

      2.3.2     Lines joining all the places having the B         Insolation
                same air pressure

      2.3.3     Change of state from gas to solid            C    Frontal rain

      2.3.4     This gas makes up 78% in the D                    Isotherms
                atmosphere

      2.3.5     Lines joining all the place having equal E        Nitrogen
                temperatures

      2.3.6     Type of rain usually found in Cape F              Crystallisation
                Town

      2.3.7     Type of rain usually found in Gauteng        G    Variable gases

      2.3.8     The total amount of energy from the sun H         Oxygen

                                                             I    Isobars
                                                                                      (8 x 1)    (8)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)                    GEOGRAPHY P1                                                    7

2.4   Refer to FIGURE 2.3 showing a synoptic weather map and answer the questions
      that follow.

      2.4.1     Identify the respective pressure systems A and C as either a low
                pressure or a high pressure.                               (2 x 1)              (2)

      2.4.2     Provide the name of the pressure cell labelled B.                    (1 x 1)    (1)

      2.4.3     (a)   Is the most likely season represented by FIGURE 2.4, summer
                      or winter?                                              (1 x 1)           (1)

                (b)   Justify your answer in QUESTION 2.4.3(a) by providing TWO
                      reasons.                                             (2 x 2)              (4)

      2.4.4     Area D is experiencing stronger winds than area E.

                Outline ONE piece of evidence visible on the synoptic weather map in
                FIGURE 2.4 to support this statement.                         (1 x 2)           (2)

      2.4.5     Refer to station model F and identify the following weather phenomena:

                (a)   Precipitation                                                             (2)

                (b)   Cloud cover                                                               (2)

                (c)   Wind speed in knots                                                       (2)

2.5   FIGURE 2.5(X) shows the way in which the sun's rays reach the earth's surface
      and FIGURE 2.5(Y) shows the location of Saldanha and Durban.

      2.5.1     Mention ONE factor affecting the temperature                distribution in
                FIGURE 2.5(X) and FIGURE 2.5(Y) respectively.                         (2 x 1)   (2)

      2.5.2     Give any other factor affecting temperature that is not shown in
                FIGURE 2.5.                                                (1 x 1)              (1)

      2.5.3     (a)   Is temperature on FIGURE 2.5(X) likely to be higher in area A or
                      area B?                                                   (1 x 1)         (1)

                (b)   Provide TWO reasons           to   support     your      answer to
                      QUESTION 2.5.3(a).                                           (2 x 2)      (4)

      2.5.4     Saldanha Bay is situated on western coast and Durban on the eastern
                coast of South Africa, with approximately the same latitudinal position
                and experience different weather conditions.

                Discuss why Durban is experiencing high temperatures, more rainfall
                and more humidity compared to Saldanha.                    (3 x 2)              (6)

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8                                      GEOGRAPHY P1                             (EC/NOVEMBER 2017)

2.6   Study the sketch in FIGURE 2.6 showing the internal structure of the earth and
      answer the questions that follow.

      2.6.1     Label the layers indicated by letters A, B, C and D.                 (4 x 1)   (4)

      2.6.2     Identify the layer suitable for human life.                          (1 x 1)   (1)

      2.6.3     Layer B is hotter than layer A.

                Provide a reason for that.                                           (1 x 2)   (2)

      2.6.4     Explain how layer C differs from layer D.                            (2 x 2)   (4)

      2.6.5     Differentiate between continental crust and oceanic crust.           (2 x 2)   (4)

2.7   Refer to FIGURE 2.7 showing a composite volcano and answer the questions
      that follow.

      2.7.1     Define the term active volcano.                                      (1 x 1)   (1)

      2.7.2     Distinguish between magma and lava.                                  (2 x 1)   (2)

      2.7.3     Volcanic ash is a threat to people.

                Support this statement.                                              (1 x 2)   (2)

      2.7.4     Explain how the volcanic eruption is terrible (not good) for aircraft.
                                                                                     (1 x 2)   (2)

      2.7.5     In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, discuss the positive and
                negative consequences (effects) of volcanic eruption on people and the
                environment.                                                    (4 x 2)         (8)
                                                                                               [75]

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 (EC/NOVEMBER 2017)                    GEOGRAPHY P1                                                    9

SECTION B: POPULATION AND WATER RESOURCES

Answer at least ONE question from this section. If you answer ONE question from
SECTION B, you MUST answer TWO questions from SECTION A.

QUESTION 3

3.1   Match the population indicators in COLUMN B with the descriptions in COLUMN A.
      Write only the letter (A–I) next to the question number (3.1.1–3.1.8) in the ANSWER
      BOOK. You may use each letter only ONCE.

                           COLUMN A                       COLUMN B
      3.1.1    The number of babies born per 1 000 of the A Percentage           of
               population per year                          population urbanised

      3.1.2    The number of deaths per year per 1 000 of B        GDP per capita
               the population
                                                          C        Literacy rate
      3.1.3    The average number of years a person can
               expect to live
                                                          D        Fertility rate
      3.1.4    The number of deaths of children under one
               year of age per 1 000 live births          E        Natural increase

      3.1.5    The percentage of the total population who can F    Infant mortality rate
               read and write
                                                               G   Life expectancy
      3.1.6    The rate at which country’s population is
               growing, excluding migration into or out of the H   Death (Mortality) rate
               country
                                                                   Birth (Natality) rate
      3.1.7    The average number of children an average
                                                              I
               woman would have if she was to live to the end
               of her child-bearing years

      3.1.8    The percentage of the total population living in
               towns and cities
                                                                                      (8 x 1)          (8)

3.2   Refer to FIGURE 3.2 showing the distribution of the world’s water. Use the bar graph
      and the suitable percentages as provided on the top right-hand corner to match the
      water source with the appropriate percentage provided, e.g. plants – 50%.

      3.2.1    Oceans

      3.2.2    Ice caps

      3.2.3    Rivers

      3.2.4    Soil Moisture

      3.2.5    Wetlands

      3.2.6    Ground water

      3.2.7    Atmosphere                                                                (7 x 1)       (7)

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 10                                     GEOGRAPHY P1                          (EC/NOVEMBER 2017)

3.3   Refer to FIGURE 3.3 illustrating a type of migration and answer the questions that
      follow.

      3.3.1    Classify QIMA LOCATION as an urban or rural area.                      (1 x 1)       (1)

      3.3.2    Name the type of migration taking place in FIGURE 3.3.                 (1 x 1)       (1)

      3.3.3    Give the term that describes the decrease of population in rural areas.
                                                                                     (1 x 1)        (1)

      3.3.4    Mention TWO push factors resulting in people leaving their villages like Qima
               to move to cities.                                                     (2 x 1)       (2)

      3.3.5    Suggest ONE reason for rural areas to remain with mainly older people.
                                                                                  (1 x 2)           (2)

      3.3.6    Discuss TWO problems experienced by a city because of many people
               moving there.                                              (2 x 2)                   (4)

      3.3.7    Suggest TWO solutions that can be used to reduce the number of people
               leaving the rural areas.                                       (2 x 2)               (4)

3.4   Refer to FIGURE 3.4 showing different countries with their HIV/Aids infection rates
      and answer the questions that follow.

      3.4.1    What does the abbreviation HIV stand for?                              (1 x 1)       (1)

      3.4.2    Name THREE countries with high infection rates.                        (3 x 1)       (3)

      3.4.3    Identify the country with lowest infection rate.                       (1 x 1)       (1)

      3.4.4    Refer to Mozambique’s infection rate.

               (a)    Suggest ONE reason for the trend in Mozambique’s infection rate.
                                                                                   (1 x 2)          (2)

               (b)    Discuss TWO social impacts of HIV/Aids in Mozambique’s population
                      structure.                                                (2 x 2) (4)

      3.4.5    Explain TWO methods that can be put in place to reduce the world’s high
               HIV/Aids infection rate.                                        (2 x 2) (4)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)                    GEOGRAPHY P1                                          11

3.5   Refer to FIGURE 3.5 illustrating an extract with a photo of flooding in Cape Town
      and answer the questions that follow.

      3.5.1     Define the term flooding.                                        (1 x 1)   (1)

      3.5.2     List TWO natural causes of floods.                               (2 x 1)   (2)

      3.5.3     Suggest a reason why the Cape Flats is at a high risk of floods. (1 x 2)   (2)

      3.5.4     Explain TWO negative effects of floods on the environment for the
                people of Cape Town.                                       (2 x 2)         (4)

      3.5.5     Suggest THREE strategies that can be implemented (used) to reduce
                flooding in this area.                                      (3 x 2)        (6)

3.6   Refer to FIGURE 3.6 showing ocean pollution and answer the questions that
      follow.

      3.6.1     Define the term overfishing.                                     (1 x 1)   (1)

      3.6.2     List TWO ways from FIGURE 3.6 that pollute oceans.               (2 x 1)   (2)

      3.6.3     Oceans are useful to humans.

                Mention TWO ways how humans use the ocean.                       (2 x 1)   (2)

      3.6.4     Briefly explain how industries pollute our oceans.               (1 x 2)   (2)

      3.6.5     In a paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, discuss the strategies that
                can be implemented for managing the world’s oceans.              (4 x 2)    (8)
                                                                                           [75]

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12                                      GEOGRAPHY P1                               (EC/NOVEMBER 2017)

QUESTION 4

4.1    Choose the correct word(s) between brackets to make the statement true. Write
       ONLY the word(s) next to the question number (4.1.1–4.1.8) in the ANSWER
       BOOK.

       4.1.1    Carbon dioxide makes sea water (less/more) acidic.

       4.1.2    Pollution of the ocean is known as (land/marine) pollution.

       4.1.3    More than half of the oxygen on earth is produced by microscopic plants
                in the oceans called (zooplankton/phytoplankton).

       4.1.4    The type of ocean currents set in motion by wind affected by the rotation
                of earth is (surface/deep-water) currents

       4.1.5    (Desalination/Reverse osmosis) is a process of turning salt water into
                fresh water.

       4.1.6    The great escarpment divides South Africa into (two/four) main drainage
                basins.

       4.1.7    (Quota/Recreational) is a limit placed on an activity to ensure that it is
                not exploited.

       4.1.8    Flow of water over the land is (run-off/infiltration).                  (8 x 1)   (8)

4.2    Choose a term from COLUMN B that matches the description in COLUMN A.
       Write ONLY the letter (A–H) next to the question number (4.2.1–4.2.7), for
       example 4.2.8 H. You may use each letter only ONCE.

                           COLUMN A                                           COLUMN B
       4.2.1    The movement of people away from their home              A   Immigration
                country
                                                                         B   Antiretroviral
       4.2.2    Parts of the earth that is suitable for people to
                live in                                                  C   Population
                                                                             pyramid
       4.2.3    People who are forced to flee their home
                countries to survive                                     D   Xenophobia

       4.2.4    The study of population statistics                       E   Ecumene
       4.2.5    A strong dislike of people from other countries          F   Refugee
       4.2.6    A type of graph showing the structure of a
                country’s population according to gender and             G   Emigration
                age
                                                                         H   Demography
       4.2.7    Medication to help people who are HIV positive
                to remain healthy
                                                                                        (7 x 1)   (7)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2017)                    GEOGRAPHY P1                                           13

4.3    Refer to FIGURE 4.3 showing population pyramid of Afghanistan (2015) and
       answer the questions that follow.

       4.3.1    Use the population pyramid to determine the following:

                (a)   Number of males aged 25 to 29 years                         (1 x 1)   (1)

                (b)   Number of females aged 45 to 49 years                       (1 x 1)   (1)

                (c)   Total number of people aged 0 to 4 years                    (1 x 1)   (1)

       4.3.2    Identify the age group that makes up the biggest portion of the total
                population.                                                   (1 x 1)       (1)

       4.3.3    Would you classify Afghanistan as a developing or developed country?
                                                                               (1 x 1)      (1)

       4.3.4    Provide ONE piece of evidence from the pyramid to support your answer
                in QUESTION 4.3.3.                                              (1 x 2)     (2)

       4.3.5    In a paragraph of approximately EIGTH lines, describe negative effects
                of overpopulation in a country such as Afghanistan.            (4 x 2)      (8)

4.4    Carefully read the extract in FIGURE 4.4 (Xenophobic attacks) and answer the
       questions that follow.

       4.4.1    Define the following terms:

                (a)   Xenophobia                                                  (1 x 1)   (1)

                (b)   Refugee                                                     (1 x 1)   (1)

       4.4.2    Name Brian’s country of birth.                                    (1 x 1)   (1)

       4.4.3    Provide TWO reasons from the extract why Brian left his country of birth.
                                                                                 (2 x 1)    (2)

       4.4.4    Explain a possible reason why many South Africans do not like refugees.
                                                                                 (1 x 2)    (2)

       4.4.5    Discuss TWO positive impacts that refugees might have on South Africa.
                                                                               (2 x 2)      (4)

       4.4.6    Suggest TWO strategies that can be implemented (applied) by the South
                African government to assist refugees.                         (2 x 2)      (4)

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14                                     GEOGRAPHY P1                            (EC/NOVEMBER 2017)

4.5    Refer to FIGURE 4.5 showing a hydrograph and answer the questions that
       follow.

       4.5.1    Name the TWO kinds of graphs that are represented on this hydrograph.
                                                                               (2 x 1)        (2)

       4.5.2    Label X and Y on the graph as the falling limb and rising limb
                respectively.                                           (2 x 1)               (2)

       4.5.3    State the term that describes the time interval between the rainfall peak
                and the discharge peak.                                           (1 x 1)     (1)

       4.5.4    Explain how the hydrograph of a rural area differ from a hydrograph of
                an urban area.                                                  (1 x 2)       (2)

       4.5.5    The hydrograph in FIGURE 4.5 has steep rising limb, steep falling limb
                and short lag time.

                Discuss TWO factors that can affect the shape of the graph.         (2 x 2)   (4)

       4.5.6    How could reduction of vegetation cover along the river impact on the
                possibility of flooding?                                       (2 x 2)        (4)

4.6    Refer to FIGURE 4.6 showing the volume of water distributed to different
       industries in South Africa in 2010 and answer the questions that follow.

       4.6.1    Identify the industry receiving the smallest and the largest volume of
                water respectively.                                              (2 x 1)      (1)

       4.6.2    State the unit used to measure the volume of water.                 (1 x 1)   (2)

       4.6.3    How much is the total volume of water distributed in 2010?          (1 x 1)   (1)

       4.6.4    Calculate the total volume of water distributed for households and
                industry in m3.                                              (3 x 1)          (3)

       4.6.5    One of the individual strategies to increase domestic water supply is grey
                water.

                Briefly explain how to use this strategy of ‘grey water’ to save water.
                                                                                    (1 x 2)   (2)

       4.6.6    Discuss THREE sustainable strategies to increase national water
                supply.                                                  (3 x 2)               (6)
                                                                                              [75]

                                                                        GRAND TOTAL:          225

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