# Geography Grade 12 P1 NSC June 2012 Question Paper (English)

> Grade 12 Geography Paper 1 question paper from the NSC June 2012 (English), 22 pages. Read online or get the free PDF download, memo linked when available.

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- Subject: Geography
- Grade: Grade 12
- Language: English
- Document type: Question paper
- Year: 2012
- Exam period: NSC June
- Paper: 1
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 22

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Geography · Grade 12 · NSC June · 2012 · English. Question paper, 22 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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### Page 1

basic education

Department:
Basic Education
REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION

GEOGRAPHY P1

STANDARD GRADE
2012

MARKS: 225

TIME: 3 hours

GEOGRAPHY SG: Paper 1
5022E

50221E

This question paper consists of 22 pages and an 11-page addendum.

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NMI

Copyright reserved

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INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

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This question paper consists of THREE SECTIONS, namely A, B and C.
Answer only THREE questions: ONE from SECTION A
ONE from SECTION B
ONE from SECTION C
All diagrams are included in the ANNEXURE.
Number all your answers in the centre of the page.
Leave a line between subsections answered.

Start the answer to EACH question at the top of a NEW page.

Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.

Do NOT write in the margins of the ANSWER BOOK.

Encircle the numbers of the questions you have answered on the FRONT
page of the ANSWER BOOK.

Where possible, illustrate your answers with labelled diagrams.

Write neatly and legibly.

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SECTION A: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY

Answer only ONE question from this section.

QUESTION 1

1.1 SYNOPTIC WEATHER MAP

Study FIGURE 1.1 in the ANNEXURE and answer the following questions:

Letters A, B, C, D, E and F have been printed on the map.

1.1.1

Copyright reserved

Choose the correct word/concept within brackets:

(a) |The season represented on the synoptic weather map is
(summer/winter).

(b) The approximate pressure reading at the centre of
pressure cell labelled A is (more than 1 O20/less than
1 020) hPa.

(c) | A (coastal low/thermal low) is located at B.

(d) Pressure cell C is referred to as the (South Indian
High/South Atlantic High).

(e) A (ridge/trough) is located at D. (6 x 2)

Describe the weather experienced at Windhoek (E) under the
following headings:

(a) Cloud cover

(b) Wind speed

(c) Wind direction (3 x 2)
Refer to the low-pressure cells labelled F.

(a) | Choose the correct answer: These low-pressure cells are
known as (tropical cyclones/mid-latitude cyclones). (1 x 2)

(b) | What is a series of such low-pressure cells known as when

they are linked together? (1 x 2)
(c) In which general direction do these cells move? (1 x 2)
(d) | Name the wind that steers these pressure cells. (1 x 2)

(e) Give ONE piece of evidence from the map that suggests
that this low-pressure cell is in the mature stage of
development. (1 x 2)

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(10)

(6)

(2)

(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)

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Name TWO islands on the map from where South Africa gathers
weather information. (2 x 2)

1.2 Choose a concept from COLUMN B that matches a description in
COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A-F) next to the question number
(1.2.1-1.2.5) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.2.6 G.

1.2.1

1.2.2

1.2.3

1.2.4

1.2.5

COLUMN A COLUMN B
Low-lying rounded hills formed interfluve
when the resistant cap is
completely removed source

High-lying area between two stream order
streams of the same river

system superimposed stream

mo oa WwW >

A stream that has maintained its conical hill
original slope and direction and
has not adjusted to the present | F butte

rock structure

Grading of rivers according to a
hierarchy

A small koppie with a flat
surface

(5 x 2)

1.3 STREAM PATTERNS AND GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES

Study FIGURES 1.3 (A) and 1.3 (B) in the ANNEXURE and answer the
following questions:

1.3.1

1.3.2

1.3.3
1.3.4

1.3.5

1.3.6

Copyright reserved

Name each of the stream patterns A and B. (2 x 2)

The rock type associated with stream pattern A is ... rock.

A_ igneous

B_ sedimentary

C metamorphic (1 x 2)
Explain the term watershed. (1 x 2)
How many drainage basins are there in diagram E? (1 x 2)

Which tributary, 1 or 2 in diagram D, shows a higher drainage
density? (1 x 2)

State ONE factor which could cause a stream to have a low
drainage density. (1x 2)

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GAUTENG

(4)

(10)

(4)

(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)

(2)

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Refer to drainage basin D.

Copy the cross-section below between X and Y in your ANSWER
BOOK. Indicate the ULTIMATE BASE LEVEL, SOURCE and
KNICK POINT.

(3x2)

1.4 ECOSYSTEMS

Read the text below and answer the following questions:

Wetlands are able to reduce the severity (harshness) of droughts and floods
by regulating (controlling) stream flow. Wetlands also purify (clean) water and
provide habitats (environments) for many different plants, insects and
animals. In fact, wetlands provide a host of services or functions (such as
water management) and goods or valuable resources (such as fish, fibre and

wildlife).
South Africa is a water-poor country, yet we destroyed more than 50% of our
wetlands.
1.4.1 Define the term wetland. (1x 3)
1.4.2 Name ONE valuable resource that wetlands provide. (1x 2)
1.4.3 State ONE way in which wetlands maintain a natural balance
during floods and droughts. (1 x 2)
1.4.4 Choose the correct answer: The ability of an ecosystem to
maintain a healthy state in the face of outside interference is
referred to as ...
A perturbation.
B_sresiliency. (1 x 2)
1.4.5 State TWO ways in which humans can cause an imbalance in the
wetland ecosystem. (2 x 2)
1 P
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(6)

(3)
(2)

(2)

(2)

(4)

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1.4.6 Conservation refers to the protection of our natural resources.
Give ONE reason why there is a need for conservation. (1 x 2) (2)
[75]

QUESTION 2

2.1 Various options are given as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question
number (2.1.1-2.1.5) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 2.1.6 C.

A A zone that separates cold polar winds from the warm westerly
winds is referred to as a/an ...

A cold front.

B_ occluded front.
C_ polar front.

D_ warm front.

pay Tropical cyclones are known as ... in China.

A hurricanes
B_ Willy Willies
C_ typhoons

D_ tornadoes

2.1.3 Berg winds are the result of the interaction between the ...

A coastal low pressure and continental high pressure.

B_ South Atlantic high pressure and thermal low pressure.
C_ continental low pressure and South Indian high pressure.
D_ continental low pressure and coastal low pressure.

2.1.4 Upslope movement of air during the day occurs as a result of ...

A subsidence.

B_ convection.

C_ temperature inversion.
D_ convergence.

2.1.5 The vertical representation of a heat island is known as a/an ...

urban profile.

heat dome/pollution dome.

low-pressure zone.

high-pressure zone. (5 x 2) (10)

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| TROPICAL CYCLONE

Study FIGURE 2.2 in the ANNEXURE and answer the following questions:

2.2.1 The cyclone is in the northern hemisphere. Give a reason to
support this statement. (1 x 2) (2)
2.2.2 Give the general direction of movement of these storms. (1 x 2) (2)
2.2.3 Refer to the centre of the cyclone.
(a) What is the centre of the storm known as? (1 x 2) (2)
(b) Describe the weather conditions at the centre. (2 x 2) (4)

(c) | The cloud type found around the centre of the cyclone is ...

A cirrus.
B cumulonimbus.
Cc cumulus. (1 x 2) (2)
2.2.4 State any TWO conditions that are necessary for the development
of these storms. (2x2) (4)
2.2.5 Explain the impact of these violent storms on the economy. (2 x 2) (4)
2.3 Various options are given as possible answers to the following questions.

Choose the answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question
number (2.3.1—2.3.5) in the ANSWER BOOK.

2.3.1 The time interval between the peak rainfall intensity and the
maximum river flow is known as ...

peak flow.

lag time.
abnormal flow.
discharge.

whem

2.3.2 ... consist of a mass of core stones that are linked to the bedrock
and are surrounded by weathered material.

Domes

Cuestas

Tors

Massive sedimentary rocks

whens 2

Cepmaecret MIAH Pew tun or

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2.3.3 Which ONE of the following factors does NOT influence stream
flow?

A Nature of rainfall

B_ Stream density

C_ Permeability and porosity of rock

D_ The ground water content already present
2.3.4 A ... refers to a river which flows in a valley that appears to
accommodate a far larger river.

A captured stream

B_ captor stream

C_ misfit stream

D_ superimposed stream

2.3.5 The fluvial feature most commonly found in the upper course of a
river is a/an...

A braided stream.

B_ V-shaped valley.

C_ U-shaped valley.

D_ oxbow lake. (5 x 2)
2.4 STRUCTURAL LANDFORMS AND SLOPE ELEMENTS

Study FIGURE 2.4 in the ANNEXURE and answer the following questions:

2.4.1 Identify features A, B and C. (3 x 2)
2.4.2 Explain how feature A is formed. (2 x 2)
2.4.3 Describe the main characteristics of the underlying rock associated

with feature A. (1x2)
2.4.4 The diagram below represents the side view of feature A. Name

the slope elements U, V, W and X.

(4x2)

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(10)

(6)

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(8)

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2.5 ECOSYSTEMS

Study FIGURE 2.5 in the ANNEXURE and answer the following questions:

2.5.1

2.5.2

2.5.3

2.5.4

2.5.5

Copyright reserved

Identify the following elements of an ecosystem from the diagram:
(a) Adecomposer (1 x 2)
(b) | Aconsumer (1 x 2)

Explain the following terms:

(a) Ecosystem (1 x 2)
(b) Food chain (1x 2)
Give the term used to describe all the living elements of this
ecosystem. (1 x 2)
Give ONE example of a producer. (1 x 1)

Evaluate the impact of uncontrolled hunting on this ecosystem.
(2 x 2)

TOTAL SECTION A:

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GAUTENG

(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

(2)
(1)
(4)
[75]

75

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SECTION B: SETTLEMENT GEOGRAPHY

Answer only ONE question from this section.

QUESTION 3

3.1 Choose a concept/term from COLUMN B that matches a description in

COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A-H) next to the question number
(3.1.1-3.1.6) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 3.1.7 J.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
3.1.1 The exact piece of land on whicha |A_ farmstead
settlement is located
B village
3.1.2 The largest form of rural settlement
C_ wet point
3.1.3 An activity where people are
engaged mainly in farming and Dssite
fishing
E primary
3.1.4 A settlement that is found around a
permanent source of water F _ stellar
| The smallest type of rural Gs dry point
settlement
H — linear
3.1.6 The shape of the rural settlement
along the banks of a river

3.2 SETTLEMENT PATTERNS

(6x2)

Refer to FIGURE 3.2 in the ANNEXURE, showing a river valley situated at

28° south, and answer the following questions:

3.2.1

3.2.2

3.2.3

3.2.4

Copyright reserved

Identify the rural settlement pattern found at each of A and B

respectively.

(2 x 2)

Give TWO examples of subsistence farming in this area. (2 x 2)

Name ONE social advantage enjoyed by the people living in

settlement A.

(1.x 2)

The factor influencing the site of settlement A is ...

A minerals.
B_ aspect of slope.
C_ prevailing winds.

(1x2)

FOO UDO AO AT Please turn over

(12)

(4)
(4)

(2)

(2)

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3.2.5 Soil erosion is a problem in the area. Refer to the map and state
ONE factor that has increased the rate of soil erosion in the area.
(1x 2)
3.2.6 State any TWO factors that will favour agriculture at C. (2 x 2)
3.3 Various options are given as possible answers to the following questions.

Choose the answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question
number (3.3.1—3.3.6) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 3.3.7 D.

3.3.1

3.3.2

3.3.3

3.3.4

3.3.5

3.3.6

Copyright reserved

Physical growth of a town or city is termed ...

A urban expansion.
Burban growth.
C_ urbanisation.
Durban sprawl.

Formless expansion of a city is termed ...

A_ urban expansion.

B_ urban sprawl.

C_ urban ribbon development.
Durban hierarchy.

The side view of the city is referred to as the ...

urban morphology.
urban profile.
urban expansion.
urban sprawl.

woke 2

The increase in the number of urban inhabitants is referred to as ...

A urban growth.

B_ urban expansion.
C ametropolis.
Durban sprawl.

The largest form of an urban settlement isa...

A metropolis.
B_ conurbation.
C megalopolis.
D city.

Expansion of a city along a transport network is referred to as ...

urban hierarchy.

urban growth.

urban ribbon development.

conurbation. (6 x 2)

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lwek 2

(2)
(4)

(12)

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3.4 LAND-USE ZONES

Refer to FIGURE 3.4 in the ANNEXURE and answer the following questions:

3.4.1

3.4.2
3.4.3

3.4.4
3.4.5

3.4.6

Area A on the photograph is the ...

A CBD.
B transitional zone.
C heavy industrial zone. (1 x2)

Give ONE reason why the tallest buildings are found atA. (1 x 2)

Area A experiences serious problems with regards to urban heat

production. Suggest TWO sustainable measures that city

managers could implement to reduce temperatures within the city.
(2 x 2)

Name any TWO commercial functions found in this area. (2 x 2)

The term used to describe the movement of functions away from
area Ais ...

A commercial decentralisation.
B_ zone of decay.
C_ rural-urban fringe. (1 x 2)

Area B is a transitional zone.
(a) Name TWO characteristics of this zone. (2 x 2)

(b) Suggest TWO measures that urban planners could implement
to improve conditions in this zone. (2 x 2)

3.5 URBANISATION

Refer to FIGURE 3.5 in the ANNEXURE showing South Africa's urban
population for the period 1960 to 2020.

ce |

3.5.2

3.5.3

3.5.4

Copyright reserved

Give the percentage population for the following:
(a) 1970
(b) 2010 (2 x 2)

Describe the urbanisation trend in South Africa during this period
(1970-2010). (1x 1)

Name TWO problems likely to be experienced in the urban areas
as a result of this trend (urbanisation). (2 x 2)

Suggest the positive impact of the development of a large
outlying/regional shopping centre would have on the CBD. (1 x 2)

FAUT ANA TO A A Please turn over
GAUTENG

(2)
(2)

(4)
(4)

(2)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(1)

(4)

(2)
[75]

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QUESTION 4

4.1 Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. Choose the

answer and write only ‘true’ or ‘false’ next to the question number
(4.1.1-4.1.6) in the ANSWER BOOK.

4.1.1

4.1.2

4.1.3

4.1.4

4.1.5

4.1.6

Farmsteads that are far from each other are termed nucleated
settlements.

A hamlet is the largest form of a rural settlement.

A dry-point settlement is found away from the source of water since
flooding is a threat.

The situation of a settlement refers to the location of the settlement
in relation to other settlements.

The shape of a settlement is referred to as morphology.

The RDP is aimed at improving the quality of life of all South
Africans. (6 x 2)

4.2 RURAL SETTLEMENT PATTERNS

Refer to FIGURE 4.2 in the ANNEXURE, showing a rural settlement 30 km
outside Ladysmith in KwaZulu-Natal, and answer the following questions:

4.2.1

4.2.2

4.2.3

4.2.4

4.2.5

4.2.6

Copyright reserved

Identify the type of commercial farming shown in FIGURE 4.2
(1 x 2)

Name the settlement pattern shown. (1 x 2)

Explain how the relief (topography) of the area contributed to the
siting of the settlement. (1 x 2)

State TWO advantages enjoyed by the people living in this rural
area. (2 x 2)

Explain TWO ways in which climatic changes have negatively
impacted on people living in rural areas. (2 x 2)

Suggest TWO possible solutions to the problems stated in
QUESTION 4.2.5. (2 x 2)

FUN UO AO Please tum over

(12)

(2)
(2)

(2)

(4)

(4)

(4)

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4.3 Choose a term/concept from COLUMN B that matches a description in

COLUMN A. Write down the letter (A-F) next to the question number
(4.3.1-4.3.6) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 4.3.7 G.

4.3.1

4.3.2

4.3.3

4.3.4

4.3.5

4.3.6

COLUMN A COLUMN B
A settlement where one mode |A range
of transport is replaced by
another B centrifugal
Minimum number of people C central place
needed to support a service
establishment D _ sphere of influence
A settlement occurring where a | E break-of-bulk point
route passes through a
physical obstacle F gap town
The market area from which G urban renewal

customers are drawn
H _ threshold population
A service centre for the
surrounding rural area

Maximum distance a person is
willing to travel to a service
establishment

(6 x 2)

44 URBAN LAND USE

Study FIGURE 4.4 in the ANNEXURE, showing land use of a city, and
answer the following questions:

441

4.4.2

4.4.3

4.4.4

Copyright reserved

The city has many outlying (regional) shopping centres. Name
THREE advantages enjoyed by these centres. (3 x 2)

Area C is a heavy industrial area.

(a) Suggest TWO factors that favoured the location of industries

in this area. (2 x 2)
(b) Name ONE environmental problem experienced in this area
and suggest a possible solution. (2 x 2)
Name the land-use zone at A. (1x 1)

State any THREE advantages that the zone mentioned in
QUESTION 4.4.3 will have for the city. (3 x 2)

CHOU UT AGE A Please tm over
GAUTENG

(12)

(6)

(4)

(4)
(1)

(6)

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45 TYPES OF SETTLEMENTS

Refer to FIGURE 4.5 in the ANNEXURE and answer the following questions:
4.5.1 The type of settlement represented in the photograph is a/an ...

A _ informal settlement.

B_ formal settlement.

C_ high-income residential zone.

D_ middle-income residential zone. (1x 2)
4.5.2 Such areas will most likely be found ...

A _ in the city centre.

Bin the rural areas.

C_ on the fringe of the city.

Din the transitional zone. (1 x 2)

4.5.3 Name TWO problems experienced by the people living in such

settlements. (2 x 2)
4.5.4 Explain the negative impact such settlements will have on the
environment. (2 x 2)

TOTAL SECTION B:

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(2)

(2)
(4)
(4)

[75]

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SECTION C: SOUTH AFRICAN GEOGRAPHY
Answer only ONE question from this section.
QUESTION 5

5.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question
number (5.1.1—5.1.5) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 5.1.6 A.

=| ... is the main harbour through which iron ore is exported.

A Durban

B_ Port Elizabeth

C Richards Bay

D Saldanha Bay

5.1.2 The main tributaries of the Orange River are the ... River and the
... River.

A Vaal, Caledon

B_ Vaal, Wilge

C Caledon, Wilge

D_— Caledon, Crocodile

os The only region in South Africa which has a Mediterranean climate
is the ...

A __ west coast of the Northern Cape.
B south coast of KwaZulu-Natal.

C Western Cape.

D_ Free State plateau.

5.1.4 The Highveld physiographic (relief) region includes most of ...
A __ the Eastern Cape.

B KwaZulu-Natal.
C the Western Cape.

D Gauteng.
5.1.5 The main characteristic of a Mediterranean climate is its ... rainfall.
A autumn
B winter
C spring
D summer (5 x 2) (10)

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5.2 PHYSICAL BACKGROUND

Refer to FIGURE 5.2 in the ANNEXURE and answer the following questions:

_ What type of vegetation characterises region 2? (1 x 2) (2)

5.2.2 Are the mountains north-east of region 2 collectively referred to as
the Drakensberg or the Cape Fold Mountains? (1 x 2) (2)

5.2.3 Will the region marked 3 be characterised by permanent, periodic
or episodic rivers? (1x2) (2)

5.2.4 Name the major industrial region in KwaZulu-Natal found in the
region marked 3. (1 x 2) (2)

5.2.5 Which of the regions marked 1, 2 or 3 is referred to as the plateau?
(1x 2) (2)

5.3 DRAINAGE

Refer to FIGURE 5.3 in the ANNEXURE, showing the discharge of major
rivers in South Africa.

5.3.1 (a) What is the average discharge of the Orange River? (1 x 2) (2)
(b) What is the average discharge of the Tugela River? (1 x 2) (2)

(c) Which of the above-mentioned rivers has the largest drainage
basin? (1x 1) (1)

| Give TWO possible reasons why the discharges of the Orange and
Tugela Rivers are the same, even though the size of their drainage
basins differs. (2x2) (4)

5.4 NATURAL VEGETATION
Refer to FIGURE 5.4 in the ANNEXURE, showing a change in natural

vegetation in South Africa. This change in natural vegetation will result in a
vegetation imbalance in South Africa.

5.4.1 Identify ONE vegetation region that is under threat. (1 x 2) (2)
7. In which direction is the vegetation imbalance spreading? (1 x 2) (2)
5.4.3 State a possible cause of the spreading vegetation imbalance.
(1 x 2) (2)
5.4.4 Suggest a possible method that can be introduced to prevent or
reverse the changes that are taking place in South Africa's natural
vegetation. (1 x 2) (2)

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5.5

5.6

5.7

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DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES

RDP and GEAR are among others two economic policies implemented in
South Africa after 1994. The one policy focuses on social development and
the other on economic development.

5.5.1 Write out the following abbreviations in full:
(a) RDP (1 x 2)
(b) GEAR (1 x 2)
5.5.2 Indicate which of these policies is involved in social and economic
development respectively. (2 x 2)

sae State TWO ways in which local communities benefited by the
implementation of RDP. (2 x 2)

5.5.4 State ONE setback (shortcoming) of this economic policy (RDP).
(1x 2)

ECONOMIC SECTORS

Although the percentage contributed by farming to South Africa's GDP is
decreasing, the role of farming in South Africa's economic development
should not be underestimated. South Africa supports both commercial farming
and subsistence farming.

5.6.1 To which economic sector does agriculture belong? (1 x 2)
5.6.2 Discuss the importance of agriculture to South Africa's economic
development and the people of South Africa. (2 x 2)

5.6.3 Name TWO factors that favour agriculture in South Africa. (2 x 2)

5.6.4 Name TWO factors that restrict (hinder) agriculture in South Africa.
(2 x 2)

POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

Refer to FIGURE 5.7 in the ANNEXURE, showing South Africa's population
distribution.

5.7.1 How does South Africa's population density change from east to
west? (1 x 2)

5.7.2 State TWO factors that determined South Africa's population
distribution. (2 x 2)

5.7.3 (a) What is the population density in the region marked B?(1 x 2)

(b) Give a possible reason for the dense settlement in the region
marked B. (1 x 2)

(2)
(2)

(4)

(2)

(2)

(4)
(4)

(4)

(2)

(4)
(2)

(2)
[75]

### Page 19

Geography/SG/P1 19 DBE/2012
SCE

QUESTION 6

6.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question
number (6.1.1-6.1.5) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 6.1.6 A.

6.1.1 The high-pressure cell situated to the east of South Africa is the ...
High-pressure Cell.

A __ Kalahari

B South Atlantic/St Helena
C South Indian/Mauritius
D South Pacific

6.1.2 ... is separated from South Africa by the Orange River.
A Zimbabwe
B Botswana
C Swaziland
D- Namibia
6.1.3 The interior of South Africa receives most of its rainfall during ...

A summer.

B autumn.
C_ winter.
D _ spring.
6.1.4 The following rivers drain the South African plateau:

A Orange, Vaal, Tugela

B Orange, Vaal, Caledon
C Orange, Caledon, Tugela
D_ Tugela, Kei, Umzimvubu

6.1.5 The interior of South Africa experiences mainly ... rainfall.
A _ frontal/cyclonic
B _ orographic/relief
C_convectional
D_ convergent (5 x 2) (10)

Conymomresores NANA Peas tum ovr

### Page 20

Geography/SG/P1 20 DBE/2012
SCE

6.2 PHYSICAL BACKGROUND

Refer to FIGURE 6.2 in the ANNEXURE and answer the questions that
follow. Identify each of the following shown on FIGURE 6.2:

6.2.1 Province A (1 x 2)
6.2.2 City B (1 x 2)
6.2.3 Harbour C (1 x 2)
6.2.4 Neighbouring country E (1x 2)
6.2.5 Mountain range G (1 x 2)

6.3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS

Refer to FIGURE 6.3 in the ANNEXURE showing areas of southern Africa
threatened by desertification as well as some causes of desertification.

6.3.1 Define the term desertification. (1 x 2)
6.3.2 Give ONE cause of desertification. (1 x 2)
6.3.3 Is desertification more prominent in the eastern or in the western
half of the country? (1 x 2)
6.3.4 Name any ONE climatic condition that makes the area that you

have selected in QUESTION 6.3.3 more prone to desertification.
(1x 2)
6.3.5 Name ONE method that can be introduced to slow down the
process of desertification. (1 x 2)

6.4 MINING

Mining is one of the most important pillars supporting the economy of South
Africa. Answer the following questions with reference to this statement:

6.4.1 (a) To which economic sector does mining belong? (1x 2)
(b) | Give areason for your answer to QUESTION 6.4. 1(a).

(1 x 2)

6.4.2 Discuss TWO factors that favoured the development of mining in

South Africa. (2 x 2)

6.4.3 Discuss TWO factors that restrict (hinder) the development of

mining activities in South Africa. (2 x 2)

6.4.4 Discuss the importance of mining activities in the economic

development of South Africa. (2 x 2)

Comramesored IE HA Pas tum ov

(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)

(2)
(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(4)

(4)

(4)

### Page 21

Geography/SG/P1 21 DBE/2012

6.5

6.6

6.7

eet wsret IU Pes um ov

SCE

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Industrial growth played a major role in South Africa's economic development
during the second half of the 20" century. Industrial activities are
concentrated in the PWV industrial region that houses almost half of all South
Africa's industries.

6.5.1 Why are industrial activities classified as secondary activities?
(1x 2)
6.5.2 Write out the abbreviation PWV in full. (1 x 3)
6.5.3 Discuss TWO factors that favoured industrial development in the
PWV region. (2 x 2)
6.5.4 Discuss TWO factors that restrict (hinder) industrial development in
the PWV region. (2 x 2)
6.5.5 Name TWO heavy industries that one will find in the PWV industrial
region. (2 x 2)
WATER TRANSFER

Industrial development resulted in a shortage of fresh water in Gauteng.
In order to overcome this water shortage, two major water transfer schemes
were developed to provide Gauteng with fresh water. One of these water
transfer schemes is illustrated in FIGURE 6.6. An added advantage of this
water transfer scheme is that electricity is generated at the Drakensberg
pump station and fed into the national grid at peak hours.

6.6.1 Identify the water transfer scheme illustrated in FIGURE 6.6. (1 x 2)

6.6.2 Give ONE reason why fresh water had to be brought into Gauteng,
other than for industrial activities. (1 x 2)

6.6.3 What type of electricity is generated at the Drakensberg pump
station? (1 x 2)

INTERNATIONAL TRADE

South Africa's dependence on foreign trade has increased significantly in the
last decade. With the exception of gold exports, South Africa tends to import
more than it exports. The standard of living in South Africa has risen to such
an extent that there is an increasing demand for luxury goods.

6.7.1 Define the term foreign trade. (1 x 2)

(2)
(3)

(4)

(4)

(4)

(2)

(2)

(2)

(2)

### Page 22

Geography/SG/P1 22 DBE/2012

SCE
6.7.2 Explain how a high demand for imported goods can negatively
affect the economy of South Africa. (1 x 2) (2)
6.7.3 Suggest ONE way in which South Africa can reduce its
dependence on imported goods. (1 x 2) (2)
[75]

TOTAL SECTION C: 75
GRAND TOTAL: 225

conyiorecoves ANH

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