# Economics Grade 11 P2 National Exemplar November 2020 Memo

> Grade 11 Economics Paper 2 memorandum from the National Exemplar November Exam 2020 (English), 19 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

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- Updated: 2026-09-28
- Subject: Economics
- Grade: Grade 11
- Language: English
- Document type: Memorandum
- Year: 2020
- Exam period: National Exemplar November Exam
- Paper: 2
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 19

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Economics · Grade 11 · National Exemplar November Exam · 2020 · English. Memorandum, 19 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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- [ECONOMIC P2 GR11 QP NOV2020 ENG D](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-11-economics-2020-national-exemplar-november-exam-question-paper-paper-2-english/04b72b65-9d8a-4356-b720-5c381226095c) — QP · 2020 · Eng

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### Page 1

NATIONAL
                SENIOR CERTIFICATE

                       GRADE 11

                NOVEMBER 2020

                 ECONOMICS P2
               MARKING GUIDELINE
                  (EXEMPLAR)

MARKS:   150

                This marking guideline consists of 19 pages.

### Page 2

2                                        ECONOMICS P2                      (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

 SECTION A (COMPULSORY)

 QUESTION 1

 1.1    MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS

        1.1.1    B       33   positive

        1.1.2    C       33   monopolistic competition

        1.1.3    A       33   variable

        1.1.4    A       33   inferior

        1.1.5    C       33   recycling

        1.1.6    B       33   capitalism

        1.1.7    D       33   renewable

        1.1.8    D       33   local government                               (8 x 2)    (16)

 1.2    MATCHING ITEMS

        1.2.1        C   3    aggregate demand is equal to aggregate supply

        1.2.2        E   3    difference between total income from the sale of goods
                              and explicit cost

        1.2.3        G   3    sensitivity of demand of one good to a change in the
                              price of another good

        1.2.4        F   3    change in the price of one good has no effect on the
                              quantity demanded of another good

        1.2.5        B   3    transfer payments to the needy

        1.2.6        H   3    restrictions put on international trade

        1.2.7        A   3    extension of economic activities across national
                              borders

        1.2.8        D   3    a community of organisms together with their
                              environment
                                                                    (8 x 1)              (8)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2020)                 ECONOMICS P2                           3

 1.3    GIVE ONE TERM

        1.3.1    industry 3

        1.3.2    implicit cost 3

        1.3.3    nominal price 3

        1.3.4    externality 3

        1.3.5    indigenous knowledge systems 3

        1.3.6    biodiversity 3                              (6 x 1)     (6)

                                                  TOTAL SECTION A:       30

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4                                      ECONOMICS P2                          (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

 SECTION B

 Answer any TWO of the three questions from this section in your ANSWER BOOK.

 QUESTION 2: MICROECONOMICS

 2.1    Answer the following questions.

        2.1.1    Name any TWO examples of substitute goods.
                 x  Butter and margarine 3
                 x  Tea and coffee 3
                 x  Beef and mutton 3
                 x  Coca-Cola and Pepsi 3
                    (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                           (2)

        2.1.2    How are the factor and product markets related to one
                 another?
                 x The product market cannot exist without the factor market 33
                 x Producers use the factors of production from the factor market
                     to produce goods and services in the product market 33
                 x A shortage in the factors of production in the factor market,
                     e.g. land due to drought, will reduce food production in the
                     product market thus pushing up food prices 33                          (2)

 2.2    2.2.1    In which industry are the businesses above?
                 Motor vehicle / Car industry 3                                             (1)

        2.2.2    Name the industry with only two producers.
                 Duopoly 3                                                                  (1)

        2.2.3    Briefly describe the term cartel.
                 A cartel is a group of producers whose goal it is to form a collective
                 monopoly. 33
                 (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                              (2)

        2.2.4    Briefly explain non-price competition as a feature of an
                 oligopoly.
                 x   Non-price competition involves ways that firms seek to
                     increase sales and attract customers through methods other
                     than price, e.g. advertising, quality of the product. 33
                 x   It is a market strategy in which one firm tries to distinguish its
                     products from competing products on the basis of attributes
                     like design. 33
                     (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                          (2)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2020)                       ECONOMICS P2                                          5

        2.2.5     Why do businesses often collude though it is illegal in South
                  Africa?
                 x     To fix prices or set output levels to maximise joint profits. 33
                 x     To have control of the market supply. 33
                 x     To lower the cost of competition to prevent marketing wars
                       which would cost millions of Rands. 33
                       (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                           (4)

 2.3     DATA RESPONSE

         2.3.1       What is used to measure utility?
                     Utils 3                                                                   (1)

         2.3.2       What is the value of A?
                     21 3                                                                      (1)

         2.3.3       Briefly describe the term marginal utility.
                     Additional degree of satisfaction that the consumer receives from
                     using one extra unit of a product. 33
                     (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                             (2)

         2.3.4       Explain the phrase, utility is subjective, as a characteristic of
                     utility.
                     Utility varies from person to person. 3 It depends on the preferences
                     of a person. 3 For example, garlic has utility for one person but no
                     utility for another. 3
                     (Accept any other correct relevant response.)                             (2)

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6                                               ECONOMICS P2                    (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

       2.3.5             Use the information provided in the table above to draw fully
                         labelled total and marginal utility curves.

                                   TOTAL UTILITY AND MARGINAL UTLITY
                   30

         utility   25

                   20

                   15
                                                                                TU 33
                   10

                    5

                    0
                            1       2       3        4         5       6    7       8
                                                                                     33
                    -5
                                                         Units consumed              MU

                   -10                                                                               (4)

2.4    Briefly explain relative inelastic supply and unitary plastic supply as a
       degree of price elasticity of supply, without the use of diagrams.

       Relative inelastic supply
       x   Price elasticity is less than one (PES < 1) 33
       x   A change in price will cause a smaller percentage change in quantity
           supplied 33
       x   Producers would struggle to adapt to the price increase, particularly in the
           short run 33

       Unitary elastic supply
       x   Price elasticity is equal to one (PES = 1) 33
       x   A change in price will cause exactly the same percentage change in quantity
           supplied 33
       x   The supply curve looks like the normal supply curve with a positive slope
           from left to right 33
           (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                                             (8)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2020)                   ECONOMICS P2                                          7

 2.5    Examine the importance of relative prices in the economy.
        x   Relative prices convey important information about the scarcity of
            particular goods 33
        x   Are used by consumers, businesses and the government to decide
            which goods and resources to purchase 33
        x   Transmit important information necessary for the efficient allocation of
            resources throughout any market economy 33
        x   The government is able to determine the level of inflation, economic
            growth and economic development in the country 33
        x   They can be used by economists to assess the economic
            performance and compare it to other countries 33
        x   The government uses the relative prices to check in which direction
            the economy is heading, i.e. whether the state of the economy is
            worsening or improving 33
        x   Relative prices are important for the Reserve Bank and the
            government to make effective decisions on the correct use and
            implementation of both the fiscal and monetary policies 33
        x   As relative prices are the centre of dynamics of markets, policy
            makers make their decisions based on them 33
           (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                                 (8)
                                                                                        [40]

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8                                      ECONOMICS P2                       (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

 QUESTION 3: CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC ISSUES

 3.1    Answer the following questions.

        3.1.1    Name any TWO examples of non-renewable resources.

                 x   Oil 3
                 x   Natural gas 3
                 x   Coal 3
                 x   Nuclear energy 3
                     (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                        (2)

        3.1.2    How have global markets benefitted from improved
                 competition?
                 x Global markets benefitted from improved quality of goods and
                   services 33
                 x Markets will have access to new customers 33
                 x Firms will generate economies of scale that lower overall and
                   average production costs 33
                   (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                          (2)

 3.2    DATA RESPONSE

        3.2.1    What is the currency of the United States?
                 US dollar 3                                                              (1)

        3.2.2    What does the abbreviation WTO stand for?
                 World Trade Organisation3                                                (1)

        3.2.3    Briefly describe the term international trade.
                 The exchange of products and services from one country with
                 another. 33
                 (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                            (2)

        3.2.4    Briefly explain the role of the International Monetary Fund
                 (IMF).
                 x Responsible for the general supervision of the international
                    financial system 33
                 x Facilitate international payments between countries 33
                 x Lend to countries with balance of payment difficulties 33
                    (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                         (2)

        3.2.5    How would developed countries benefit from trading with
                 African countries?
                 x They benefit from cheaper labour from African countries 33
                 x African countries, in particular South Africa, have endowments
                    of mineral resources which are scarce in developed
                    countries 33
                    (Accept any other relevant correct response)            (2 x 2)       (4)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2020)                    ECONOMICS P2                                        9

 3.3    3.3.1    Name the type of pollution which could be caused by
                 dumping waste in the environment.
                 Land/environmental pollution 3                                          (1)

        3.3.2    Name the type of waste depicted in the picture above.
                 Solid waste 3                                                           (1)

        3.3.3    Briefly describe the term environment.
                 Environment refers to the physical surroundings and physical
                 conditions that affect people’s lives and includes land, sea and
                 atmosphere. / It encompasses all living and non-living things
                 occurring naturally. 33
                 (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                           (2)

        3.3.4    Explain the Kyoto Protocol as an international agreement to
                 reduce climate change.
                 x It is a legally binding agreement whereby industrialised
                    countries have agreed to reduce the emission of greenhouse
                    gases. 33
                 x It pledges to stabilise greenhouse gas concentrations at levels
                    that would prevent climate change. 33
                    (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                        (2)

        3.3.5    Examine the impact of plastic pollution on the environment.
                 x Plastics are made from crude oil which emits significant
                    amounts of pollution and is non-degradable 33
                 x They kill marine animals as they mistake them for food 33
                 x Plastics overflow at landfills and require fossil fuel for
                    production which damages the environment 33
                 x They cover the ocean surface leading to the destruction of
                    habitat and wildlife 33
                 x Plastic pollution causes harm to humans, animals and plants
                    through toxic pollutants. 33
                    (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                        (4)

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10                                   ECONOMICS P2                        (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

 3.4    Explain increased foreign trade and cultural changes as consequences
        of globalisation.

        Increased foreign trade
        x International trade grew enormously due to globalisation. 33
        x Foreign trade increased due to trade agreements, removal of trade
           barriers and the intervention of institutions aimed at enhancing
           international trade. 33
        x The increase in foreign trade provided access to a wide range of foreign
           products and services to consumers in all countries. 33
        x Businesses are able to access foreign raw materials and
           components. 33                                                   (2 x 2)     (4)

        Cultural changes
        x Globalisation has resulted in several cultures coming together. 33
        x Some countries tend to adopt the culture of other countries and neglect
           their own. 33
        x Cooking styles, music styles, art form, languages and customs have
           spread internationally due to globalisation. 33
        x People of one culture discover shortcomings in their culture when they
           come into contact with other cultures. 33
        x Societies have expanded as they have taken in people from other
           cultures and backgrounds and created a whole new culture of their own
           and this may lead to a world with a global culture. 33          (2 x 2)      (4)
           (Accept any other relevant response.)                                        (8)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2020)                   ECONOMICS P2                                        11

 3.5    How can non-renewable resources be protected from depletion?
        Non-renewable resources can be protected by:
        x managing resources such as water efficiently by using only the required
          amount and not leave taps running unattended 33
        x treating black and grey water to return to their original state for both
          domestic and industrial use 33
        x conserving electricity, as it is made from coal and natural gas, by
          unplugging things when they are not in use and using more energy-
          efficient appliances and light bulbs 33
        x reducing the use of plastics such as plastic grocery bags, straws etc. and
          substitute them with more durable items. This will avoid the use of
          resources to make plastic and prevent plastic waste from harming the
          environment 33
        x using sustainable agricultural practices by rotating crops and planting
          cover crops to keep the soil healthy and also using fewer chemicals and
          integrating biological pest control and natural fertilisers 33
        x applying laws and regulations which will enlighten people on the need to
          conserve the resources for future generations and impose heavy
          penalties to individuals who do not adhere to the laws 33
          (Accept any other correct relevant response.)                      (4 x 2)    (8)
                                                                                       [40]

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12                                    ECONOMICS P2                        (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

 QUESTION 4:         MICROECONOMICS AND CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC
                     ISSUES

 4.1    4.1.1    Name any TWO examples of fixed costs.
                 x Rent 3
                 x Insurance premiums 3
                 x Interest on loans 3
                 x Depreciation 3
                 x Wages and salaries 3
                    (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                        (2)

        4.1.2    How can taxes be used to ensure environmental sustainability?
                 x The government levies green tax and environmental tax on
                   products associated with high pollution levels 33
                 x Use tax revenue to promote environmentally friendly products
                   e.g. solar geysers 33
                 x Taxes are imposed on economic waste, such as used tyres 33
                 x Tax is also imposed on non-degradable plastic shopping bags to
                   increase price in order to discourage their use 33
                    (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                        (2)

 4.2    DATA RESPONSE

        4.2.1    What is point E called?
                 Profit maximisation point 3                                             (1)

        4.2.2    How is the demand curve of the business in a perfect market?
                 Horizontal 3                                                            (1)

        4.2.3    Briefly describe the term market.
                 Market is a mechanism that brings together the buyers and sellers of
                 a good or service 33
                 (Accept any other relevant correct response)                            (2)

        4.2.4    Briefly explain nature of products as a feature of a perfect
                 market.
                 x All the products sold in the specific market are homogenous 33
                 x They are identical in every respect regarding quality, appearance
                     etc. 33
                 x No buyer has any preference for the product of any individual
                     seller over others 33
                    (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                        (2)

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2020)                    ECONOMICS P2                                       13

        4.2.5    Why does a perfect competitor make only normal profits in the
                 long run?
                 x Economic profits in the short run attract new firms to enter the
                     market 33
                 x The industry supply therefore increases 33
                 x The market price fall for all firms until only normal profits are
                     made 33
                    (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                        (4)

 4.3    DATA RESPONSE

        4.3.1    Name ONE country that belongs to the G8.
                 Italy/Japan/France/Russia/Canada/USA/Germany/Britain 3                  (1)

        4.3.2    In which side of the Divide are people expected to live longer?
                 North 3                                                                 (1)

        4.3.3    Briefly describe the term economic growth.
                 The increase in the productive capacity of a country measured by
                 real GDP 33
                 (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                           (2)

        4.3.4    Explain the objective of the Millennium Development Goals.
                 x Seeks to address poverty and ensure sustainable
                    development 33
                 x Achieve primary education everywhere in the world 33
                 x Develop a global partnership for development 33
                   (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                         (2)

        4.3.5    Why is it difficult for the countries in the South divide to
                 compete with those in the North divide?
                 x The main economic activity of the countries in the South is
                    agriculture which makes it difficult for them to compete in this
                    area, because the North subsidise their agricultural
                    activities 33 therefore, the South cannot compete with the lower
                    Northern prices 33
                 x The South has to pay high interest rates if they wish to borrow
                    funds from the North 33
                 x They have to pay high prices to be allowed to use new
                    technology which they import from the North 33
                   (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                         (4)

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14                                   ECONOMICS P2                         (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

 4.4   Distinguish between the short run and the long run.

       Short run
       x Short run is the period during which one or more resources cannot be
         changed 33
       x Short run costs may be fixed or variable 33
       x These are costs which have a short-term implication in the production
         process – they are used over a short range of outputs 33
       x They are incurred once and cannot be used again and again, such as
         payment of wages, costs of raw materials etc. 33                (Max. 4)

       Long run
       x Long run is a period during which all resources can be changed 33
       x All long run costs are variable 33
       x Businesses can change all the inputs used including fixed costs 33
       x All factors of production and intermediate inputs can be changed as the
          output levels change 33
       x Long run costs are accumulated when firms change production levels
          over time in response to expected economic profits/losses 33
       x Factors of production all vary to reach the long run costs of producing a
          good/service 33                                                  (Max. 4)
         (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                                    (8)

 4.5    Examine the role played by humans in damaging the ecosystem.
       x The exploitation of natural resources and the production of waste and
           other pollutants by humans have caused severe deterioration of many of
           the environment’s ecosystem 33
       x For example, mining, deforestation, fossil fuel burning and pollution are
           some of the human activities that have led to environmental damage 33
       x Moreover, industrial pollution has contaminated the earth, water and air,
           the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) has destroyed some of the ozone
           layer, and the excessive carbon dioxide (CO2) released into the
           atmosphere has contributed to a greenhouse effect that results in global
           warming 33
       x By using certain products such as aerosols, people cause environmental
           damage without realising it 33
       x Humans often care less about their practices that harm the environment
           because of self-interest 33
       x Some humans pollute the environment through littering, disposal of
           waste, etc. and the costs are borne by others 33 The use of the
           environment as a dump for waste causes it to become dirtier, uglier and
           unhealthier 33
       x The use of the environment as a productive resource reduces its
           amenity value, e.g. the use of land that is converted to agricultural use
           with woods and hedges destroyed, spoil the beauty of the country and
           lead to a decline in animal and plant species 33
          (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                                  (8)
                                                                                        [40]

                                                              TOTAL SECTION B:            80

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2020)                   ECONOMICS P2                                         15

 SECTION C

 QUESTION 5: MICROECONOMICS

 x     Discuss in detail the following factors determining the elasticity of
       demand.
       - Nature of the product
       - Durability of the product
       - Time period
 x     Examine the effect of price inelasticity of demand on revenue.

 INTRODUCTION
 Price elasticity of demand measures how much consumers respond to a change in
 the price of a product/measures how sensitive the demand of the product is to a
 change in the price of the product.33
 (Accept any other correct relevant introduction.)                                        (2)

 MAIN PART
 Nature of the product
 x Price elasticity of demand for essential products like basic foodstuff, electricity
    and medicine tend to be inelastic 33
 x The change in price is unlikely to impact on the demand 33
 x These are important products for survival, so consumers will keep on buying
    them in spite of price changes/increases 33
 x Luxury products make people feel better and give them a more comfortable
    lifestyle, therefore their demand tends to be more elastic 33
 x E.g. restaurant meals, overseas holiday etc. They are not essential for
    survival; therefore they are sensitive to any price changes 33
 x A price increase in luxury products will cause a large decrease in the quantity
    demanded of such goods 33                                               (Max. 10)

 Durability of the product
 x The more durable the product is, the more elastic the demand will be. 33
 x If the product lasts for a long time, consumers will be influenced by price
   increases and be more hesitant to buy the product 33
 x E.g. clothing, when the price of clothes increases consumers will use their old
   clothes and not buy more expensive clothes 33
 x With price increases, consumes will postpone their purchase till a later date
   and hope that prices will drop before they have to buy the product 33
 x For non-durable products, the demand tends to be more inelastic as their
   purchase cannot be postponed for a future date 33                         (Max. 8)

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16                                     ECONOMICS P2                           (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

 Time
 x Demand tends to be more elastic in the long run than in the short run. 33
 x This is because it takes consumers time to adjust to price changes. 33
 x For example, if the price of electricity rises, people may try to reduce their
    consumption by economising on heating in the short run. 33
 x In the long run, the consumption of electricity will fall to a greater extent as
    people replace electric cookers and heating systems with gas. 33
    (Accept any other relevant correct response)                               (Max. 8)

 ADDITIONAL PART
 x Total revenue may be higher if the price is increased and the same quantities
    are demanded. 33
 x Therefore, firms selling inelastic goods can increase price, sell less but make
    higher revenue. 33
 x Price elasticity offers better flexibility in establishing pricing strategies without
    lowering profits. 33
 x Extra costs of production could be transferred to consumers without adversely
    affecting demand. 33
 x On the other hand, price inelasticity may reduce the total revenue if the price
    of an inelastic good (e.g. cigarettes) is lowered and there is no change in
    demand (i.e. demand not increased). 33
 x This indicates that the firm should not reduce the price as it would not benefit
    from such an action. 33
   (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                                            (10)

 CONCLUSION
 Studying price elasticity of demand is very important because economists,
 producers and the government can use it to make valuable predictions about what
 will happen when the price of a product increases/decreases. 33
 The government adjusts its policy on taxes according to the elasticity of demand of
 the product that it wants to tax. 33
 (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                                               (2)
                                                                                            [40]

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(EC/NOVEMBER 2020)                   ECONOMICS P2                                        17

 QUESTION 6: CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC ISSUES

x      Discuss the causes of globalisation by focussing on the following:
       - Trade liberalisation
       - Multinational enterprises
       - Standardisation
 x      Evaluate the negative impact of globalisation on the environment.

 INTRODUCTION
 Globalisation is the process of interaction among the countries of the world to bring
 their economies and societies together to develop the global economy/globalisation
 is the interaction and interfacing of economies for purposes of trade. 33
 (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                                         (2)

 BODY
 Trade liberalisation
 x Trade liberalisation is the removal or reduction of trade barriers between
    countries, e.g. import duties. 33
 x The purpose of trade liberalisation was to stimulate international trade 33
 x It started after World War II with the establishment of GATT by the United
    Nations. 33
 x GATT members negotiated for the removal of trade restrictions and barriers as
    well as to find methods of increasing international trade. 33
 x This role was taken over by the WTO in 1994. 33
 x The WTO ensures that trade agreements between countries are honoured and
    acts as a mediator in trade disputes. 33
 x Removal of trade restrictions are aimed at encouraging foreign direct investment
    to further develop industries and increase consumers’ purchasing power. 33
 x The outflow of these actions was the formation of export processing zones (EPZs)
    by many countries in which no trade tariffs were levied. 33
 x Through trade liberalisation, some countries formed free trade areas (FTA),
    where agreements were reached whereby participating countries remove all
    trade barriers among themselves on goods/services traded. 33
 x The effect of an FTA is that the total volume of trade has increased because
    countries can specialise in the products they produce the cheapest. 33
                                                                            (Max. 10)

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18                                  ECONOMICS P2                         (EC/NOVEMBER 2020)

 Multinational enterprises
 x Multinational enterprises are companies that establish manufacturing, servicing
   and trading businesses in several countries. 33
 x When they produce goods/services in another country, they do not have to
   export to that country, so they save in transportation costs. 33
 x They facilitate FDI as well as the migration of specialised labour when it is not
   available in the foreign market. 33
 x They also play a major role in distributing and implementing new
   technologies. 33
 x MNEs are companies that deliver products and services in at least two
   countries. 33
 x They produce products in several countries where the costs of production is the
   lowest and then distribute the products globally. 33
 x MNEs expose countries to international products which promotes globalisation
   through international trade. 33                                       (Max.10)

 Standardisation
 x Refers to making rules the same all over the world, making it easier for
    countries and businesses to trade and invest internationally. 33
 x Those who are subjected to the rules behave in a similar manner which
    promotes globalisation. 33
 x Globalisation was promoted by a number of facilitating rules, procedures and
    norms that were laid down by international institutions. 33
 x Examples of such rules include, trade relations, investments, health matters,
    labour and environment. 33
    (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                           (Max. 6)

 ADDITIONAL PART
 Globalisation has negatively impacted on the environment by:
 x Putting pressure on the environment while causing pollution because of
    increased production and consumption. 33
 x Putting strain on non-renewable sources of energy, e.g. gasoline due to
    increased consumption of fuel used in producing goods/services and
    transporting them between countries. 33
 x Increasing dumping of waste and harmful chemicals in oceans, oil spillage that
    has been generated as a result of increased production, killing underwater
    organisms. 33
 x Putting pressure on the available land and resources by cutting into mountains
    to make way for a passing tunnel or highway and encroaching land to pave way
    for buildings, i.e. restructuring the land. 33
 x Carelessly using various chemicals in the soil due to improved industrialisation,
    which has resulted into the growth of many noxious weeds and plants. 33
 x Increasing use of plastic during packaging which is a major pollutant as it is
    non-biodegradable, causing widespread environmental pollution. 33
    (Accept any other relevant correct response.)                         (Max. 10)

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### Page 19

(EC/NOVEMBER 2020)                   ECONOMICS P2                                         19

 CONCLUSION
 Globalisation has played a vital role in all countries of the world as it has helped
 many countries to grow faster than they would otherwise have done. 33
 Employment opportunities and economic growth have improved, particularly in
 developing countries. 33
 (Accept any other relevant correct higher order conclusion.)

                                                               TOTAL SECTION C:           40
                                                                  GRAND TOTAL:           150

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