# Geography Grade 12 Free State March Test 2026 Paper & Memo > Grade 12 Geography question paper and memo from the Free State March Test 2026, 11 pages. Read online or get the free PDF download. - Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12-geography-2026-free-state-march-test-question-paper-and-memorandum/21500a87-8bba-4d45-ab3d-56ab8b06697c - Updated: 2026-09-28 - Subject: Geography - Grade: Grade 12 - Document type: Question paper and memo - Year: 2026 - Exam period: Free State March Test - Curriculum: CAPS - Pages: 11 Breadcrumbs: [Home](https://www.hlayiso.com/) › [Library](https://www.hlayiso.com/library) › [Grade 12](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12) › [Geography](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12/geography) › [Geography Grade 12 Free State March Test 2026 Paper & Memo](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12-geography-2026-free-state-march-test-question-paper-and-memorandum/21500a87-8bba-4d45-ab3d-56ab8b06697c) ## About this document Geography · Grade 12 · Free State March Test · 2026. Question paper and memorandum, 11 pages. Read online or download the PDF. Read it free online on the page above; download the PDF from there. ## Document text Text extracted from the PDF. Layout, diagrams and tables may not survive extraction. ### Page 1 Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com GEOGRAPHY TEST ONE GRADE: 12 MARCH 2026 MARKS: 60 TIME: 1 HOUR This question paper consists of 7 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 2 Govwnkeadecbifrom Stanmorephysics.com 2 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. hae fn Answer ALL the questions. Answer the paragraph questions in the form of a paragraph. ALL diagrams are included in the QUESTION PAPER. Leave a line between subsections of questions answered. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. Do NOT write in the man WER BOOK. Where possible, illustrate your with labelled diagrams. Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 3 Govwnksadecbifzrom Stanmorephysics.com 3 QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 41:2 1.1.3 1.1.4 1.1.5 1.1.6 1.1.7 Give One term for each of the following descriptions by choosing the term from the list below. Write on the term next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.7), for example 1.1.8 Kalahari frost pocket, thermal belt, radiation fog, anabatic wind, slope aspect, temperature inversion, advection fog, katabatic wind, isotherm. A type of wind that results from air moving up the valley slope during the day Forms at night under clear, calm condition An area where warm air een two colder air masses The term used to d se in temperature as height increases A type of wind that results air moving down the valley at night J In the Southern Hemispl north-facing slopes receive more direct sunlight than south-facing slopes. Occurs when the temperature of cold air on the valley floor drops to below freezing point (7x1) (7) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 4 @ovnksadewbifrom Stanmorephysics.com 1.2 Choose the correct drainage pattern from COLUMN B that matches the descriptions in COLUMN A. Write only the letter of the correct answer next to question number e.g. 1.2 1.2.4 T.2-5 1.2.6 1:2:7 1.2.8. COLUMN A COLUMN B Where underlying rock structure is uniformly resistance | Y Trellis to erosion Z Dendritic Underlying rock structure with alternating bands of hard | Y Trellis and soft rock Z Dendritic This drainage pattern is common in areas with Y Centripetal volcanoes, hills or domes Z Radial Short tributaries joining the main streams at right angles | Y Trellis Z Rectangular Streams flowing int w-lying area Y Radial Z Centripetal Forms on igneous rock ti nd cracks Y Parallel E Z Rectangular Develops on a land surfe S covered by ice Y Trellis sheet or glacier ‘sabe ts Z Deranged Develops on a surface that slopes uniformly and is fairly | Y Parallel steep Z Rectangular (8x 1) (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 5 ®owntsadecbifrom Stanmorephysics.com 1.3 Refer to the sketch below showing the mid-latitude cyclone on a synoptic weather map of Southern Africa. 40°W 30°W 20°W 10°W 0° 10°E 20°E 30°E 40°E SO°E 60°E 70°E —— Pines, She 40°W 30°W 20°;W 10°W 0° 10°E 20°E 30°E 40°E SO°E 60°E 70°E Source: https://afriwx.co.za/images/synoptic-chart-weather-south-africa.jpg 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.3.4 1.3.5 Copyright reserved During which season does the mid-latitude cyclone affect South Africa? Why does the mid-latitude cyclone have a great impact in South Africa during the season mentioned in QUESTION 1.3.1? Draw a free hand cross section through X and Y. Indicate the following: (i) Front (ii) Cold air (iii) Cloud type How does the high pressure cell at 1 influence the direction of midiatitude cyclones? Explain how the stage at A in a midlatitude cyclone is reached. (1x1) (1x2) (4x1) (1x2) (3x2) Please turn over (1) (2) (4) (2) (6) [15] ### Page 6 @ovnksadewbifrom Stanmorephysics.com 6 1.4 _ Refer to the infographic below on Tropical Cyclone Gamane. PATH TAKEN BY TROPICAL CYCLONE GAMANE [Source: GDACS,METEO Madagascar] regions on 27 March. Tropical Cyclone (TC) Gamane made landfall in the Ampisikinana Commune, Sava Region, bringing heavy rains and floods to the north and north-east, on 27 March. The ninth tropical depression system of the current cyclone season began developing along the north-eastern coast of Madagascar on 25 March. Some districts in the north-east have received heavy rainfall over the past few days, the Sambava district recorded 300 mm of rain on 26 March alone. Madagascar issued a red alert for imminent danger in the Diana and Sava regions; anda yellow alert of menace in the Ambatosoa and Analanjirofo [Adapted from UN office for the coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, accessed on 19 November 2024] 1.4.1. When did Tropical Cyclone Gamane make landfall, according to the infographic? 1.4.2 What is the difference between the eye and the eyewall of a tropical cyclone? 1.4.3. Explain why warm oceans are necessary for the formation of Tropical cyclone Gamane. 1.4.4 Ina paragraph of approximately EIGHT lines, discuss the precautionary measures that can be taken to minimize the impact of Tropical Cyclone Gamene (1x1) (1x2) (2x2) (4x2) Copyright reserved Please turn over (1) (2) (4) (8) [15] ### Page 7 @owsksadecbfrom Stanmorephysics.com 1.5 Refer to the diagram showing river grading [Adapted: hydrology and Landforms]] 1.5.1 1.5.2 1.5.3 1.5.4 1.5.5 Copyright reserved =3 rapid GD resistant rock Define the concep Draw a labelled longitudinal profile of the river illustrated on the diagram, clearly showing how the temporary base levels of erosion could have influenced the shape of the profile. Comment on the shape of the longitudinal profile that you have drawn in QUESTION 1.5.3. Describe the processes that a river undergoes to be graded. 7 (1x2) (2) (1x1) (1) (4x1) (4) (1x2) (2) (3x2) (6) [15] TOTAL: 60 Please turn over ### Page 8 Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com education Department of Education FREE STATE PROVINCE MARKING GUIDELINE ### Page 9 Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com 1.1.4 Temperature inversion 1.1.5 katabatic wind 1.1.6 slope aspect 1.1.7. frost pocket (7x1) (7) 1.2 1.2.1 Z (Dendritic) 1.2.2 Y (Trellis) 1.2.3 Z (Radial) ### Page 10 1.3.1 1.3.3 1.3.4 1.3.5 1.4 14.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.4.4 (1x1) js PoMlitided from eekerunenselysics.com (1x2) oe Apparent movement of the sun. (ANY ONE) (4x1) (4) _| GROSS SECTION THROUGH ACOLD FRONT —J | Jj ‘Cumuloni mbus Coldsector” The SIHP blocks the eastward m Changes the direction of moveme! (Any one) midlatitude cyclones. (1x2) (2) The cold air mass is denser; the cold front accelerates and moves more (3x2) (6) quickly around the cyclone than the warm front. The cold front catches up to the warm front. The warm air is forced upward because cold air undercuts it. The warm air becomes cut off from the surface, forming an occluded front. [ANY THREE] 26/27 March Eye: Calm, clear, sinking air, with light or no wind. Eyewall: area that surrounds the eye and contains the strongest winds, heaviest rain, and most intense convection. Warm oceans are necessary for tropical cyclone formation because: They supply abundant moisture and heat through evaporation. They enable deep convection—rising warm air that forms storm clouds. They provide latent heat during condensation, the cyclone’s main energy source. They maintain the warm core and low pressure that define a cyclone. They sustain the positive energy feedback loop essential for intensification. (ANY One) Ensure that there is disaster management plan (2) Monitor the path of the cyclone and its development (2) Using remote sensors on satellite to track the cyclone (2) Early warning and communication for people to prepare (2) ### Page 11 1.5.1 1.5.2. 1.5.3 TO 1.5.4 1.5.5 Downloaded from Stanmorephysics.com Prepare evacuation plans (2) Upgrade technology Satellite sensors to collect details, e.g. Rainfall rates (2) Awareness campaigns? Education (2) Advance weather predictions and warnings Build strong shelters where people can gather before the storm arrives (2 Ensure that infrastructure is of good quality (2) Stock up on non-perishable food, bottled water, torches, medication (2) Evacuate low-lying areas to protect people from floods (2) [15] Lowest level to which a river can erode the landmass. [CONCEPT] (1x2) (2) Dam (1x1) (1) (4x1) (4) <+—_— River Source River Mouth Shape (1) Labels (3) The profile shows ungraded river profile (1x2) (2) Head-ward erosion in the upper course removes knickpoints such as waterfalls (2) Rapids are removed by downward erosion. (2) The stream carrying capacity increases in the middle course, obstruction such as lakes are filled with river load, more lateral erosion. (2) In the lower course more depositions take place because the (6) gradient is gentler, resulting in gradual gradient. 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