# Music Grade 12 P1 NSC November 2025 Question Paper (English)

> Grade 12 Music Paper 1 question paper from the NSC November Exam 2025 (English), 26 pages. Read online or get the free PDF download, memo linked when available.

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- Updated: 2026-09-28
- Subject: Music
- Grade: Grade 12
- Document type: Question paper
- Year: 2025
- Exam period: NSC November Exam
- Paper: 1
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 26

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## About this document

Music · Grade 12 · NSC November Exam · 2025. Question paper, 26 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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Confidential
                                         1

                                NATIONAL
                           SENIOR CERTIFICATE

                                   GRADE 12

                                    MUSIC P1

                                NOVEMBER 2025

MARKS: 120

TIME: 3 hours

CENTRE NUMBER:

EXAMINATION NUMBER:

.

     This question paper consists of 25 pages and 1 sheet of manuscript paper.

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             KEEP THIS PAGE BLANK.

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 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION            2025

 1.        This question paper consists of FIVE sections, namely SECTIONS A, B, C, D
           and E.

 2.        SECTIONS A and B are COMPULSORY.

 3.        SECTION C: Indigenous African Music (IAM), SECTION D: Jazz and
           SECTION E: Western Art Music (WAM) are choice questions. Answer only
           ONE of these sections (SECTION C OR D OR E).

 4.        Write ALL music notation in SECTION A in pencil and ALL written text in blue
           or black ink on this question paper.

 5.        Answer SECTION B and SECTION C OR D OR E in blue or black ink in the
           ANSWER BOOK provided.

 6.        Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
           question paper.

 7.        The last page of this question paper is manuscript paper intended for rough
           work. Candidates may NOT remove this page.

 8.        Candidates may NOT have access to any musical instrument for the duration
           of this examination.

 9.        Candidates must take note of the mark allocation for each question to provide
           enough information in their answers.

 10.       Write neatly and legibly.

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 SECTION A: THEORY OF MUSIC (COMPULSORY)                                     (90 minutes)

 Answer SECTION A on the QUESTION PAPER.

 Answer QUESTION 1
 AND QUESTION 2.1 OR 2.2
 AND QUESTION 3.1 OR 3.2
 AND QUESTION 4.1 OR 4.2.

 QUESTION 1                                                                  (25 minutes)

 1.1       Indicate the correct time signature change on the staff below each asterisk (*).

                                                                                                 (2)

 1.2       Rewrite the following bar by doubling the note values.

           Answer:

                                                                                                 (1)

 1.3       Write the minor triad found in the Eb major pentatonic scale. Write the triad in
           root position.

                                                                                                 (1)

 1.4       Write the augmented triad that appears diatonically in G harmonic minor. Write
           the triad in first inversion.

                                                                                                 (1)

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 1.5       Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

           1.5.1     Change the top note at (M) to form an interval of a diminished 6th.
                     Notate the interval below.

                                                                                                 (1)

           1.5.2     Notate the inversion of the interval at (N) without key signature.

                                                                                                 (1)

           1.5.3     Write the enharmonic equivalent of the note at (i).

                                                                                                 (1)

           1.5.4     How should this melody be performed? Make a cross (X) in the
                     appropriate block.

                         Gracefully       Precisely          Joyfully        With power          (1)

 1.6       Identify the scales/modes used in the following melodies.

           1.6.1     Consider only the given notes when identifying this scale.

                                                                                                 (1)

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           1.6.2     Identify the mode built on F in this melody.

                                                                                                (1)

 1.7       Write the scales below according to the given instructions.

           1.7.1     The descending blues scale starting on the given note

                                                                                                (2)

           1.7.2     The ascending harmonic minor scale of the relative minor of
                     Gb major

                                                                                                (2)
                                                                                                [15]

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 QUESTION 2                                                                (25 minutes)

 Answer QUESTION 2.1 OR QUESTION 2.2.

 2.1       Use the opening below to create a twelve-bar melody in ternary form. Write in
           staff notation OR in sol-fa notation.

 The melody will be marked according to the criteria below.

                          DESCRIPTION                               MAX.       MARK
  Form and cadential points                                          3
  Notation
  Staff notation: beats per bar, note stems, grouping and
                                                                       2
  accidentals
  Sol-fa notation: beats per bar, rhythm and pitch indications
  Quality
                                                                      10
  Musicality (compass, contour, implied harmony)
  TOTAL                                                               15                       [15]

                                            OR

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 2.2       Write an original twelve-bar melody in ternary form in staff notation OR in
           sol-fa notation. Write for any single-line melodic instrument OR voice type of
           your choice. Name the instrument OR voice type.

           Use the following elements:
           • Rhythmic motive:
           Staff notation:
           • Key: D minor – indicate the key signature
           Sol-fa notation:
           • Lah is D

 Instrument/Voice type: ______________________________

 The melody will be marked according to the criteria below.

                              DESCRIPTION                                MAX.       MARK
  Form and cadential points                                               3
  Notation
  Staff notation: beats per bar, note stems, grouping, accidentals,
                                                                            2
  indication of clef and key signature
  Sol-fa notation: beats per bar, rhythm and pitch indications
  Quality
  Suitability for instrument or voice (range), use of given rhythmic       10
  motive, musicality (compass, contour, implied harmony)
  TOTAL                                                                    15                  [15]

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 QUESTION 3                                                      (10 minutes)
 Answer QUESTION 3.1 OR QUESTION 3.2.
 3.1       Study the extract below and answer the questions.

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           3.1.1     Figure the chords at (a) to (g) on the score using Roman numerals,
                     e.g. iii6/iiib.                                                             (7)

           3.1.2     Figure the chords at (X) and name the cadence on the score.                 (3)

           3.1.3     Comment on the D# in the bass clef in bar 11.

                                                                                                 (1)

           3.1.4     Name the type of non-harmonic notes at (i) and (ii).

                     (i)

                     (ii)                                                                        (2)

           3.1.5     Notate the following non-harmonic notes at (iii) and (iv) on the score.
                     Use a quaver note value for the answer.

                     (iii) Suspension

                     (iv) Anticipation                                                           (2)
                                                                                                 [15]

                                              OR

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 3.2       Study the extract below and answer the questions.

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           3.2.1     Identify the chords at (a) to (g). Write the chord symbols in the
                     spaces provided above the staves, e.g. G/B.                                 (7)

           3.2.2     Write the chord symbols at (m) and (n) and name the cadence at (X)
                     on the score.                                                               (3)

           3.2.3     Comment on the Bb in the bass clef in bar 11.

                                                                                                 (1)

           3.2.4     Name the type of non-harmonic notes at (i) and (ii).

                     (i)

                     (ii)                                                                        (2)

           3.2.5     Notate the following non-harmonic notes at (iii) and (iv) on the score.
                     Use a crotchet note value for your answer.

                     (iii)   Suspension

                     (iv) Lower auxiliary note                                                   (2)
                                                                                                 [15]

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 QUESTION 4                                                                     (30 minutes)
 Answer QUESTION 4.1 OR QUESTION 4.2.
 4.1       Complete the four-part vocal harmonisation below by adding the alto, tenor and
           bass parts. Include the following in your harmonisation:

           •   Passing progression with the given viio6 chord
           •   Interrupted cadence using a dominant seventh chord in bars 3–4
           •   Harmonic realisation of the given iii6 – I chord progression

 The harmonisation will be marked according to the criteria below.

          DESCRIPTION                  MAX.         MARK
  Choice of chords                       14
  Notation and voice leading             8
  Quality                                8
                                      (30 ÷ 2)
  TOTAL
                                        = 15
                                                                                                    [15]

                                             OR

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 4.2       Harmonise the given melody below by adding at least three notes in minims
           for each chord, as suggested in bar 1. Include the following:
           •   Harmonic realisation of the given chord symbols
           •   ii – V – I progression in G
           •   Plagal cadence at the end

 The harmonisation will be marked according to the criteria below.

          DESCRIPTION                MAX.         MARK
  Choice of chords                     14
  Notation and voice leading           8
  Quality                              8
                                    (30 ÷ 2)
  TOTAL
                                      = 15                                                    [15]
                                                                     TOTAL SECTION A:         60

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 SECTIONS B, C, D, E: GENERAL MUSIC KNOWLEDGE                               (90 minutes)

 Answer SECTIONS B, C, D and E in the ANSWER BOOK.

 SECTION B: MUSIC INDUSTRY (COMPULSORY)

 QUESTION 5

 5.1       Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
           Write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (5.1.1 to 5.1.4),
           e.g. 5.1.5 E.

           5.1.1     Music creators are entitled to royalties each time their music is …

                     A   performed in public.
                     B   downloaded.
                     C   used in film documentaries.
                     D   All the above-mentioned

           5.1.2     Producers of film documentaries that use music need to apply for …

                     A   mechanical rights.
                     B   human rights.
                     C   needletime rights.
                     D   None of the above-mentioned

           5.1.3     Which ONE of the following groups benefits from synchronisation
                     rights?

                     A   A sound engineer, performer and composer
                     B   Backing vocalists, a music distributor and SAMRO
                     C   A recording artist, session musician and composer
                     D   CAPASSO, an arranger and a movie director

           5.1.4     Which ONE of the following explains the term public domain?

                     A   Photocopying copyrighted sheet music for a public concert
                     B   Performing in public
                     C   Performing in a venue that belongs to a community
                     D   The space where non-copyrighted compositions are freely
                         available                                              (4 x 1)         (4)

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 5.2       Complete the table below by matching each collecting agency with the relevant
           rights. Write only the letter (A–E) next to the question numbers (5.2.1 to 5.2.3),
           e.g. 5.2.4 F.

                COLLECTING AGENCY                                   RIGHTS
           5.2.1    SAMRO                        A         mechanical rights on behalf of
                                                           performers and composers
           5.2.2      SAMPRA
                                                 B         graphic rights on behalf of
           5.2.3      CAPASSO                              recording artists

                                                 C         needletime rights on behalf of
                                                           recording artists

                                                 D         synchronisation rights on behalf of
                                                           sound engineers

                                                 E         performance rights on behalf of
                                                           composers and publishers
                                                                                       (3 x 1)       (3)

 5.3       Answer the following questions regarding SAMRO music licences:

           5.3.1      Who needs to apply?                                                            (1)

           5.3.2      What is permitted by the licence?                                  (2 x 1)     (2)

                                                                         TOTAL SECTION B:            10

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 Answer SECTION C (IAM)
 OR SECTION D (JAZZ)
 OR SECTION E (WAM) in the ANSWER BOOK.
 SECTION C: INDIGENOUS AFRICAN MUSIC (IAM)
 QUESTION 6
 6.1       Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
           Write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (6.1.1 to 6.1.4),
           e.g. 6.1.5 E.
           6.1.1     Which element refers to the tone quality of an instrument?
                     A   Dynamics
                     B   Form
                     C   Texture
                     D   Timbre
           6.1.2     Which of the following could be found in traditional African music?
                     A   Pentatonic scale
                     B   Polyrhythm
                     C   A cappella
                     D   All the above-mentioned
           6.1.3     Which other name is used for mbaqanga?
                     A   Marabi
                     B   Kwela
                     C   Umgqashiyo
                     D   None of the above-mentioned
           6.1.4     Name the traditional dance type that is the driving source of
                     mbaqanga:
                     A   Borankana
                     B   Isibhaca
                     C   Isitshikitsha
                     D   Indlamu                                                    (4 x 1)     (4)

 6.2       Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. Write only 'true'
           or 'false' next to the question numbers (6.2.1 to 6.2.4), e.g. 6.2.5 False.
           6.2.1     Songs and dances are used specifically to communicate with the
                     ancestors at various ceremonies.
           6.2.2     In African divinity, all songs and dances may induce a trance.
           6.2.3     Traditional healers may have personal songs that connect them to
                     the ancestors.
           6.2.4     The tempo of dancing is determined by the beat of the drum.
                                                                                    (4 x 1)     (4)

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 6.3        Define the following terms:

            6.3.1     Overlapping

            6.3.2     Crepitation

            6.3.3     Ukupika

            6.3.4     Isicathamiya                                                      (4 x 1)     (4)

 6.4        Define the word call in call and response.                                              (1)

 6.5        Answer the following questions on malombo music.

            6.5.1     Name the TWO South African cultures that Philip Tabane fused in
                      malombo music.

            6.5.2     How did these two cultures influence malombo's popularity? (2 x 2)            (4)

 6.6        Name the instrument that replaced the penny whistle in mbaqanga music.                  (1)

 6.7        Describe the role of izihlabo in maskanda.                                  (2 x 1)     (2)
                                                                                                    [20]

 QUESTION 7

 Describe how maskanda music became a popular genre.                                   (5 x 1)      [5]

 QUESTION 8

 Complete the table below by filling in the missing information. Write only the answer next
 to the question numbers (8.1 to 8.5), e.g. 8.6 Answer.

           ITEM                      KWELA                            MBAQANGA
  Influences                              8.1                 Marabi and kwela
                        Four-chord cyclic harmony of
  Harmony               primary triads:                                    8.2
                         I – IV – V – I OR I – IV – I64 – V
  Melodies              Short repetitive melodies                           8.3
  Instrumentation                        8.4                  Guitar/Organ driven
  Vocal or                                                    Uses lyrics in African
                                          8.5
  instrumental                                                languages
                                                                                        (5 x 1)     [5]

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 QUESTION 9

 Explain how music is used in indigenous African initiation rituals. Refer to the following
 stages of initiation:

 •     Preparation of intitiates                                                                   (1)
 •     Circumcision                                                                    (2 x 1)     (2)
 •     Return of initiates                                                             (2 x 1)     (2)
                                                                                                   [5]

 QUESTION 10

 Study the sketch below.

                                           [Source: Examiners' own sketch]

 The sketch above depicts an indigenous communal activity.

 Write an essay in which you discuss how isicathamiya developed into a modern style
 and how its composing methods link to the communal activity shown in the sketch above.

 You will be credited for the logical presentation of facts and the structure of the essay.

 The essay will be marked according to the criteria below.

                           CRITERIA                                MARK ALLOCATION
     Development of the style                                             7
     Composing methods                                                    6
     Essay format                                                         1
     Relevance of argument                                                1
     TOTAL                                                                15

                                                                       TOTAL SECTION C:            50

                                             OR

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 SECTION D: JAZZ

 QUESTION 11

 11.1      Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
           Write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (11.1.1 to 11.1.5),
           e.g. 11.1.6 E.

           11.1.1    Which type of form is also known as AABA form?

                     A   Strophic form
                     B   32-bar form
                     C   12-bar blues
                     D   Verse-chorus form

           11.1.2    A saxophone is a ...

                     A   transposing brass instrument.
                     B   single-reeded wind instrument.
                     C   non-transposing instrument.
                     D   None of the above-mentioned

           11.1.3    A style of jazz with a syncopated melody and a steady non-
                     syncopated rhythmic accompaniment:

                     A   Blues
                     B   Swing
                     C   Ragtime
                     D   Bebop

           11.1.4    A gliss or glissando is …

                     A   a continuous slide upwards or downwards between notes.
                     B   a continually repeated musical phrase or rhythm.
                     C   a long, vibrating, high-pitched vocal sound.
                     D   None of the above-mentioned

           11.1.5    Which element refers to the tone quality of an instrument?

                     A   Dynamics
                     B   Form
                     C   Texture
                     D   Timbre                                                    (5 x 1)     (5)

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 11.2      Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. Write only 'true'
           or 'false' next to the question numbers (11.2.1 to 11.2.4), e.g. 11.2.5 False.

           11.2.1    Blues is a style of music that was most popular between 1910 and
                     1940, and still influences compositions written today.

           11.2.2    Call and response is a singing style in which a group usually sings a
                     phrase to which a soloist replies with an answering phrase.

           11.2.3    Swing jazz was predominantly meant as dance music.

           11.2.4    Comping is chords, rhythm and counter-melodies that the rhythm
                     section uses to support a solo line.                     (4 x 1)            (4)

 11.3      Define the following terms:

           11.3.1    Chorus

           11.3.2    Vamp

           11.3.3    Syncopation

           11.3.4    Extension                                                       (4 x 1)     (4)

 11.4      Describe how quavers are performed in a swing rhythm.                                 (1)

 11.5      Explain the 12-bar blues progression.                                     (3 x 1)     (3)

 11.6      Choose the instrument in COLUMN B that matches the artist in COLUMN A.
           Write only the letter (A–E) next to the question numbers (11.6.1 to 11.6.3),
           e.g. 11.6.4 F.

                      COLUMN A                                   COLUMN B
           11.6.1     Feya Faku                     A piano

           11.6.2     Zim Ngqawana                  B saxophone

           11.6.3     Chris McGregor                C penny whistle

                                                    D trumpet

                                                    E drum kit
                                                                                      (3 x 1)    (3)
                                                                                                 [20]

 QUESTION 12

 Explain why the contribution of the Jazz Epistles is important to South African jazz.
                                                                                    (5 x 1)      [5]

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 QUESTION 13

 Describe the role of the bass guitar in Ujomela. Refer to the rhythmic and harmonic
 support and the interaction with other instruments.                          (5 x 1)             [5]

 QUESTION 14

 Complete the table below by filling in the missing information. Write only the answer next
 to the question numbers (14.1 to 14.5), e.g. 14.6 Answer.

           ITEM                   KWELA                               MARABI
                                                           Developed from American jazz
  Origin                            14.1
                                                           and African traditional songs
  Instrumental or
                                    14.2                   Both vocal and instrumental
  vocal
                      Songs usually start with a
  Introduction                                                          14.3
                      penny whistle introduction
  Rhythmic
                      Rhythmic influences of marabi                     14.4
  influences
  Melody                            14.5                   Piano has a melodic role
                                                                                      (5 x 1)     [5]

 QUESTION 15

 Miriam Makeba was a singer and civil rights activist from South Africa who popularised
 African music around the world.

 Write an essay in which you describe how Miriam Makeba became a world-renowned
 artist. Include her national and international successes and her political activism in your
 discussion.

 You will be credited for the logical presentation of facts and the structure of the essay.

 The essay will be marked according to the criteria below.

                          CRITERIA                                MARK ALLOCATION
  National successes                                                     4
  International successes                                                5
  Political activism                                                     4
  Essay format                                                           1
  Relevance of argument                                                  1
  TOTAL                                                                  15                       [15]

                                                                      TOTAL SECTION D:            50

                                             OR

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 SECTION E: WESTERN ART MUSIC (WAM)

 QUESTION 16

 16.1      Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
           Write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (16.1.1 to 16.1.4), e.g.
           16.1.5 E.

           16.1.1     In rondo form, the theme is also known as …

                      A   ABACA.
                      B   an episode.
                      C   a refrain.
                      D   a codetta.

           16.1.2     A bridge is generally found … of sonata form.

                      A   in the development section
                      B   between the first and second theme
                      C   between the exposition and development
                      D   after the recapitulation

           16.1.3     Which ONE of the following is an example of a non-transposing
                      instrument?

                      A   Clarinet
                      B   Viola
                      C   Double bass
                      D   Horn

           16.1.4     Which ONE of the following does NOT refer to tempo?

                      A   Bewegt
                      B   Rubato
                      C   Senza
                      D   Langsam                                                     (4 x 1)     (4)

 16.2      Define the following terms:

           16.2.1     Tutti

           16.2.2     Ostinato

           16.2.3     Chorus                                                          (3 x 1)     (3)

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 16.3      Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. Write only 'true'
           or 'false' next to the question numbers (16.3.1 to 16.3.4), e.g. 16.3.5 False.

           16.3.1    Another term for sonata form is first movement form.

           16.3.2    Sonata-rondo form is normally found in the third movement of the
                     Classical symphony.

           16.3.3    The symphonic poem and concert overture are independent, single-
                     movement works for orchestra.

           16.3.4    The A section of ternary form mostly ends in the tonic key.   (4 x 1)     (4)

 16.4      Answer the following questions on Beethoven's Symphony No. 6 in F major
           Op. 68:

           16.4.1    Write down the title and tempo indication of the fourth movement.
                                                                                  (2 x 1)      (2)

           16.4.2    Name TWO wind instruments that play the yodel theme at the
                     beginning of the fifth movement.                   (2 x ½)                (1)

           16.4.3    Name the form type of the third movement.                                 (1)

           16.4.4    Give TWO performance or playing techniques of the Mannheim
                     school.                                              (2 x 1)              (2)

 16.5      Write ONE word or term for EACH of the following descriptions:

           16.5.1    The group of musicians, poets and intellectuals in the late
                     Renaissance that are associated with the origin of opera

           16.5.2    The voice type of Papagena in The Magic Flute

           16.5.3    A non-transposing brass instrument using the bass clef        (3 x 1)     (3)
                                                                                               [20]

 QUESTION 17

 Write a paragraph on the introduction (2 marks) and exposition (3 marks) of the overture
 to The Magic Flute by Mozart.                                                                 [5]

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 QUESTION 18

 Complete the table below on the exposition of Mendelssohn's Hebrides Overture. Write
 only the answer next to the question numbers (18.1 to 18.5), e.g. 18.6 Answer.

        ELEMENT               FIRST THEME                SECOND THEME
  Key                             18.1                       18.2
  Instrumentation                 18.3                       18.4
  Tempo indication                                18.5
                                                                                     (5 x 1)   [5]

 QUESTION 19

 Write a paragraph in which you describe the differences between a typical Classical
 symphony and Beethoven's Symphony No. 6 in F major Op. 68.                  (5 x 1)           [5]

 QUESTION 20

 Many of Mozart's operas were written in the genre of opera seria, yet today he is mostly
 treasured for his opera buffa and the Singspiel.

 In an essay, briefly describe these THREE opera types and indicate how the elements
 of each opera type find expression in Mozart's The Magic Flute.

 You will be credited for the logical presentation of facts and the structure of the essay.

 The essay will be marked according to the criteria below.

                          CRITERIA                               MARK ALLOCATION
  Opera seria                                                           2
  Opera buffa                                                           2
  Singspiel                                                             2
  The Magic Flute                                                       7
  Essay format                                                          1
  Relevance of argument                                                 1
  TOTAL                                                                 15                     [15]

                                                                      TOTAL SECTION E:         50
                                                                         GRAND TOTAL:          120

Copyright reserved

### Page 26

Music/P1                                DBE/November 2025
                     NSC Confidential

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