# Physical Sciences Grade 12 P2 Gauteng Mock 2023 Memo (Afr)

> Grade 12 Physical Sciences Paper 2 memorandum from the Gauteng Mock Exam 2023 (Afrikaans), 16 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

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- Updated: 2026-09-28
- Subject: Physical Sciences
- Grade: Grade 12
- Language: Afrikaans
- Document type: Memorandum
- Year: 2023
- Exam period: Gauteng Mock Exam
- Paper: 2
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 16

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Physical Sciences · Grade 12 · Gauteng Mock Exam · 2023 · Afrikaans. Memorandum, 16 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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### Page 1

PREPARATORY EXAMINATION
         VOORBEREIDENDE EKSAMEN
                          2023
                   MARKING GUIDELINES
                     NASIENRIGLYNE

      PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY (PAPER 2) (10842)
     FISIESE WETENSKAPPE: CHEMIE (VRAESTEL 2) (10842)

16 pages/bladsye

### Page 2

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QUESTION 1/VRAAG 1
1.1    D                                                                              (2)

1.2    D                                                                              (2)

1.3    B                                                                              (2)

1.4    C                                                                              (2)

1.5    A                                                                              (2)

1.6    C                                                                              (2)

1.7    A                                                                              (2)

1.8    B                                                                              (2)

1.9    D                                                                              (2)

1.10   B                                                                              (2)
                                                                                       [20]

QUESTION 2/VRAAG 2

2.1    2.1.1   TERTIARY alcohol 
               The carbon atom, to which the functional group/hydroxyl is bonded,
               is bonded (directly) to three other carbon atoms. 

               TERSIÊRE alkohol 
               Die koolstofatoom, waaraan die funksionele groep/hidroksiel gebind
               is, is direk gebind aan drie ander koolstofatome.                       (2)

       2.1.2   2-methyl  butan-2-ol 
               2-metiel  butan-2-ol                                                   (2)

       2.1.3          H   H        H
                                                    functional and methyl group
                  H   C   C    C   C       H        whole structure
                      H                H
                                                    funksionele en metielgroep
                           H   C   H                algehele struktuur
                               H
               If double bond on first C and methyl group – maximum one mark
               Indien dubbelbinding op eerste C en metielgroep-maksimum 1 punt          (2)

2.2    2.2.1   Organic compounds with the same molecular formula,  but
               different functional groups 

               Organiese verbindings met dieselfde molekulêre formule, maar
               verskillende funksionele groepe                                         (2)

                                               2

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      2.2.2   Ketone 
              Ketoon                                                                     (1)

      2.2.3   Pentanal  (2 or 0)
              Pentanaal  (2 of 0)                                                       (2)

      2.2.4   E                                                                          (1)
                                       reactant/reaktant C5H12
                                       O2 → CO2 + H2O
2.3   C5H12 + 8O2 → 5CO2 + 6H2O        balancing/balansering
                                                                                          (3)
                                      (Balancing mark can only be awarded if all
                                      reactants and products are also correct)           [15]
                                      (Balansering punt kan slegs toegeken word
                                      indien alle reaktante en produkte korrek is)

                                      Award marks for multiple balancing e.g.
                                       Ken punte toe vir veelvoude van balansering,
                                      vb
                                      2:16:10:12

                                            3

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QUESTION 3

3.1       Melting point is the temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a
          substance are at equilibrium.  (2 or 0)
          Smeltpunt is die temperatuur waarby die vaste- en vloeistoffases van ŉ stof
          in ewewig is.  (2 of 0)                                                          (2)

3.2       Branching/Chain length/Surface area 
          Vertakking/Kettinglengte/Oppervlakarea                                            (1)

3.3       These molecules are structural isomers because they have the same
          molecular formula  but different structural formulae 
          Hierdie molekules is struktuurisomere omdat dit dieselfde molekulêre
          formule  maar verskillende struktuurformules het.                                (2)

3.4       London forces or dispersion forces or momentary dipole forces or induced
          dipole forces
          London kragte  of dispersie kragte of oombliklike dipoolkragte of
          geïnduseerde dipoolkragte                                                          (1)

3.5        MARKING CRITERIA:
           A Compare structures. 
           B Compare the strength of intermolecular forces. 
           C Compare the energy required to overcome intermolecular forces. 
           D State the difference in melting point. 

       NASIENRIGLYNE:
       A Vergelyk strukture. 
       B Vergelyk die sterkte van intermolekulêre kragte. 
       C Vergelyk die energie benodig om intermolekulêre kragte te oorkom. 
       D Stel die verskil in smeltpunt. 
      OPTION 1/OPSIE 1 (Symmetry/simmetrie)
                 MOLECULE A                              MOLECULE B
                 MOLEKUUL A                              MOLEKUUL B

      A         Less spherical/symmetrical             More spherical/symmetrical
                 Minder series/simmetries                Meer series/simmetries

      B         Weaker intermolecular forces           Stronger intermolecular forces
                 Swakker intermolekulêre                 Sterker intermolekulêre kragte
                 kragte

      C
                Less energy needed to                  More energy needed to
                 overcome IMF                            overcome IMF
                 Minder energie nodig om IMK             Meer energie nodig om IMK te
                 te oorkom                               oorkom

      D         Lower melting point (than B)           Higher melting point (than A)
                 Laer smeltpunt (as B)                   Hoër smeltpunt (as A)

                                                                                              (4)
                                                4

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          OPTION 2/OPSIE 2(Chainlength/Kettinglengte)
                       MOLECULE A                               MOLECULE B
                       MOLEKUUL A                               MOLEKUUL B
                  Less branched                           More branched
      A
                   Minder vertakkings                       Meer vertakkings
                  Larger surface area                     Smaller surface area
                   Groter oppervlaksarea                    Kleiner oppervlaksarea
                  Longer chain length                     Shorter chain length
                   Langer kettinglengte                     Korter kettinglengte

      B           Stronger intermolecular forces          Weaker intermolecular forces
                   Sterker intermolekulêre kragte          Swakker intermolekulêre
                                                            kragte

      C
                  More energy needed to                   Less energy needed to
                   overcome IMF                             overcome IMF
                   Meer energie nodig om IMK te             Minder energie nodig om IMK
                   oorkom                                   te oorkom

      D           Higher melting point (than B)           Lower melting point (than A)
                   Hoër smeltpunt (as B)                    Laer smeltpunt (as A)

3.6        A        211 (mmHg) 
           B        235 (mmHg)
           C        319 (mmHg)                                                               (2)

3.7       The boiling point of (A) is higher than the boiling point of (B). 
          Therefore the higher the boiling point the less the vapour pressure. 
          Die kookpunt van (A) is hoër as die kookpunt van (B).
          Hoe hoër die kookpunt, hoe laer is die dampdruk. 

          OR/OF

          (A) has lower vapour pressure than (B) .
          Therefore the lower the vapour pressure the higher the boiling point. 
          (A) het ‘n laer dampdruk as (B). 
          Hoe laer die dampdruk, hoe hoër is die kookpunt.                                   (3)
                                                                                             [15]

                                                    5

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QUESTION 4/ VRAAG 4

4.1   4.1.1    Elimination/Dehydration 
               Eliminasie/Dehidrasie                                               (1)

      4.1.2    Substitution/Hydrolysis 
               Substitusie/Hidrolise                                               (1)

4.2      Catalyst/Katalisator: H2SO4/H3PO4 
         Heat/Hitte                                                               (2)

4.3   4.3.1    Water  (Must be NAME/Moet NAAM wees)                                (1)

      4.3.2    H2SO4/H3PO4    (Must be             CHEMICAL     FORMULA/Moet
               CHEMIESE FORMULE wees)                                               (1)

4.4   4.4.1     H       H                    H H
                 \     /                      l l
                 C = C       +   HBr  → H – C – C – Br 
                 /    \                        l l
                H    H                        H H

                                            Structural formula of ethene
                                            HBr
                                            Structural formula of bromoethane

                                            Struktuurformule van eteen
                                            HBr
                                            Struktuurformule van bromoetaan        (3)

      4.4.2    To avoid the formation of the hydroxyl group/an alcohol 
               Om die vorming van die hidroksielgroep/ŉ alkohol te voorkom         (1)

4.5   4.5.1    Esterification / Condensation
               Esterifikasie / Kondensasie                                         (1)

      4.5.2    (Concentrated) H2SO4  (Must be CHEMICAL FORMULA)
               (Gekonsentreerde) H2SO4  (Moet CHEMIESE FORMULE wees)               (1)

      4.5.3       H H   O H H H H
                  l l   ll l  l l  l                        Functional group
                H–C–C–O–C–C–C–C–C–H                         Whole structure
                  l l      I l   l  l                       Funksionele groep
                  H H      H H H H                          Hele struktuur         (2)

      4.5.4    Ethyl pentanoate 
               Etiel  pentanoaat                                                  (2)

                                             6

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4.6   CH3CH2Br + NaOH → CH2CH2 + NaBr + H2O

                                          
       Condensed structural formulae of organic reactant
       Condensed structural formulae of organic product
      (Accept CH2=CH2)
       NaBr and H2O as inorganic products (Both correct for one mark)
      Penalised by one mark if structural formulae are used

       Gekondenseerde struktuurformule van organiese reaktans
       Gekondenseerde struktuurformule van organiese produk
      (Aanvaar CH2=CH2)
       NaBr en H2O as anorganiese produkte (Beide korrek vir een punt)
      Penaliseer met een punt indien struktuurformules gebruik is.

                                                                                     (3)

4.7   4.7.1    Hexane  (or any branched alkane with formula C6H14 e.g.
               2-methylpentane)
               Heksaan  (of enige vertakte alkaan met formule C6H14 vb
               2-metielpentaan)                                                      (1)

      4.7.2    In shorter chained alkenes and branched alkanes the surface
               area is less  / will have weaker IMF / less activation energy /
               more flammable / higher vapour pressure

               Korter ketting alkene en vertakte alkane het verminderde
               oppervlakarea  / swakker IMK/minder aktiveringsenergie/meer
               vlambaar/ hoër dampdruk                                               (2)
                                                                                    [22]

                                            7

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QUESTION 5/ VRAAG 5

5.1    Temperature
       Concentration of HNO3 
      (Any ONE)

        Temperatuur
        Konsentrasie van HNO3 
      (Enige EEN)                                                                          (1)

5.2   Rate of reaction / volume of gas per unit time 
      Reaksietempo/volume gas per eenheid tyd                                             (1)

5.3                                 ΔV
      Average rate/gem tempo =
                                    Δt
                                   48  42 
                                =
                                  150  120 
                                = 0,2 cm3∙s-1                                             (3)

5.4   LESS THAN /KLEINER AS
        The gradient is less steep at 250 s than at 120 s, indicating a decreased
         reaction rate. 
         Die gradient is minder steil by 250 s as by 120 s, dit dui op ŉ
         verminderde reaksietempo. 

          OR

         There will be fewer reactants left after 250 s resulting in fewer effective
          collisions per unit time.
          Daar sal minder reaktante oor wees na 250 s wat minder effektiewe
          botsings per eenheid tyd tot gevolg het.                                         (2)

5.5   DECREASE/AFNEEM                                                                     (1)

                                              8

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5.6                 OPTION 1                                  OPTION 2
       (A) Dividing volume of H2 (from         (A) Dividing volume of H2 (from graph)
         graph) by 24 dm3                         by 24 dm3
       (B) Using mole ratio for H2 to Mg       (B) Using mole ratio for H2 to Mg
       (C) Multiplying n(Mg) with Mr(Mg) in    (C) Subtract mole Mg used from initial
         the correct formula                      mole of Mg
       (D) Subtract mass Mg used from          (D) Multiplying n(Mg) with Mr(Mg) in
         initial mass of Mg                       correct formula
       (E) Final answer                        (E) Final answer
       n(H2) produced = V                       n(H2) produced = V
                           Vm                                      Vm
                                     A                                       A
                        = 0,06                                 = 0,06 
                           24                                      24
                        = 2,5 x 10-3 mol                        = 2,5 x 10-3 mol

      From the balanced equation:              From the balanced equation:
             n(Mg) : n(H2)                            n(Mg) : n(H2)
                                                                      B
                  1:1  B                                  1:1 
             n(Mg) = 2,5 x 10-3 mol                   n(Mg) = 2,5 x 10-3 mol

      Calculating mass of magnesium used:      Calculating initial moles of magnesium:
             m(Mg) = nM                               m(Mg) = nM
                    = (2,5 x 10-3)(24)  C                   2 = n (24)
                    = 0,06 g                                    = 0,083 mol

      Calculating mass of magnesium left:      Calculating moles of magnesium left:
      ∆m (Mg) = 2 – 0,06    D                 ∆n (Mg) = 0,083 – (2,5 x 10-3)  C
               = 1,94 g  E                             = 0,08 mol

                                               Calculating mass of magnesium left:
                                                      m(Mg) = nM               D
                                                              = (0,08) (24) 
                                                              = 1,94 g       E

                                                                                              (5)

                                               9

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                     OPSIE 1                                      OPSIE 2
       (A) Deel volume H2 (vanaf grafiek)         (A) Deel volume H2 (vanaf grafiek) deur
         deur 24 dm3                                 24 dm3
       (B) Gebruik molverhouding H2 tot Mg        (B) Gebruik molverhouding H2 tot Mg
       (C) Vermenigvuldig n(Mg) met Mr(Mg)        (C) Trek n(Mg) gebruik af van
       (D) Trek massa Mg af van                     aanvanklike n(Mg)
         aanvanklike massa Mg                      (D) Vermenigvuldig n(Mg) met Mr(Mg)
       (E) Finale antwoord                        (E) Finale antwoord

      n(H2) geproduseer = V                        n(H2) geproduseer = V
                         Vm                                           Vm
                                    A                                            A
                      = 0,06                                      = 0,06 
                         24                                            24
                      = 2,5 x 10-3 mol                             = 2,5 x 10-3 mol

      Vanaf die gebalanseerde vergelyking:        Vanaf die gebalanseerde vergelyking:
             n(Mg) : n(H2)                               n(Mg) : n(H2) B
                  1:1  B                                     1:1 
             n(Mg) = 2,5 x 10-3 mol                      n(Mg) = 2,5 x 10-3 mol

      Bereken die massa magnesium                 Bereken die aanvanklike mol magnesium:
      gebruik:                                          m(Mg) = nM
             m(Mg) = nM                                        2 = n (24)
                    = (2,5 x 10-3)(24)      C                   = 0,083 mol
                    = 0,06 g
                                                  Bereken die mol magnesium oor:
      Bereken die massa magnesium oor:            ∆n (Mg) = 0,083 – (2,5 x 10-3)  C
      ∆m (Mg) = 2 – 0,06                                  = 0,08 mol
              = 1,94 g  E
                                                  Bereken die massa magnesium oor:
                                                        m(Mg) = nM               D
                                                                = (0,08) (24) 
                                                                                E
                                                         = 1,94 g

5.7      Powders have increased/larger surface area/ more contact sites than
          solid tablets. 
         More effective collisions per unit time occurs. 

         Poeiers het ŉ verhoogde/groter oppervlaksarea as soliede tablette. 
         Meer effektiewe botsings per eenheid tyd  vind plaas.                                  (2)
                                                                                                 [15]

                                                 10

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QUESTION 6/ VRAAG 6

6.1   When the equilibrium in a closed system is disturbed, the system will reinstate
      a new equilibrium by favouring the reaction that will oppose the disturbance.
      (part marks) 

      Wanneer die ewewig in ŉ geslote sisteem versteur word, stel die stelsel ŉ
      nuwe ewewig in deur die reaksie wat die versteuring teenwerk, te bevoordeel.
                                                                                         (2)

6.2   6.2.1        Adding more CH4 will increase the concentration of CH4. 
                   The forward reaction is favoured. 
                   The yield of H2 will increase. 

                   Toevoeging van CH4 sal die konsentrasie van CH4 laat toeneem. 
                   Die voorwaartse reaksie word bevoordeel. 
                   Die opbrengs van H2 sal toeneem.                                    (3)

      6.2.2        An increase in pressure favours the reaction that produces the
                    lower number of moles/number of molecules. 
                   The reverse reaction is favoured. 
                   The yield of H2 decreases. 

                   ŉ Toename in druk bevoordeel die reaksie wat die minste
                    mol/hoeveelheid molekules produseer. 
                   Die terugwaartse reaksie word bevoordeel. 
                   Die opbrengs van H2 verminder.                                      (3)

6.3   The reaction is in (dynamic/chemical) equilibrium / the rates of the forward
      and reverse reactions are equal.

      Die reaksie is in (dinamiese/chemiese) ewewig waar die tempo van die
      voorwaartse en terugwaartse reaksies dieselfde is.                                (1)

6.4   MARKING CRITERIA:
      a) Mole at equilibrium 0,6 
      b) Use mole ratio 1 : 1 : 1 : 3 
      c) Subtract CH4 , H2O and add H2 
      d) Divide by 2 dm3 
      e) Correct Kc expression (formulae in square brackets) 
      f) Substitution of concentrations into correct Kc expression 
      g) Final answer (range 1,82 – 1,83) 
      Option with concentration can also be used.
      NASIENRIGLYNE:
       a. Mol by ewewig 0,6 
       b. Gebruik molverhouding 1 : 1 : 1 : 3 
       c. Aftrek van CH4 , H2O en optel van H2 
       d. Deel deur 2 dm3 
       e. Korrekte Kc uitdrukking (formules in vierkantige hakies) 
       f. Vervanging van konsentrasies in korrekte Kc uitdrukking 
       g. Finale antwoord 1,8225/1,823/1,82 

                                              11

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                                              CH4     H2O      CO         H2
      Initial amount (moles)                  1,4     1,2        0        0
      Aanvangshoeveelheid (mol)
      Change in amount (moles)                0,6     0,6        0,6      1,8     ratio
      Verandering in hoeveelheid (mol)                                            b)
      Equilibrium amount (moles)              0,8      0,6       0,6      1,8     -/+ c)
      Ewewigshoeveelheid (mol)                                  a)
      Concentration at equilibrium            0,4     0,3       0,3       0,9     ÷2 d)
      Konsentrasie by ewewig

          Kc =    [CO] [H2]3   e)             No Kc expression, correct
                 [CH4] [H2O]                    substitution: Max. 6/7
                                               No square brackets: Max. 6/7
             = (0,3) (0,9)3 f)
               (0,4)(0,3)                      Wrong Kc expression: Max. 4/7

             = 1,82 g)                        Geen Kc uitdrukking, korrekte
                                                substitusie: Maks. 6/7
                                               Geen blok-hakies: Maks. 6/7
                                               Verkeerde Kc uitdrukking: Maks.
                                                4
                                                 /7

                                                                                     (7)

6.5   DECREASE/AFNEEM                                                               (1)
                                                                                   [17]

                                         12

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QUESTION 7/VRAAG 7

7.1   STRONG (acid) 
      Ionises completely (in water) 

      STERK (suur) 
      Ioniseer volledig in water                                                    (2)

7.2       -
      HSO4 ; SO42-         AND/EN H2O ; H3O+                                       (2)

7.3   It is a 2 proton donor/
      Dit is ‘n 2-protonskenker
      OR
      It donates 2 H+ / H3O+ ions/protons. 
      Dit skenk 2 H+ / H3O+ ione/protone
      OR
      It ionises to form 2 moles of H+ / H3O+ions
      Dit ioniseer en vorm 2 mol of H+ / H3O+ione                                    (2)

7.4       -
      HSO4                                                                          (1)

7.5   7.5.1    c=
                     n
                     v                     MARKING CRITERIA:
                     0,09
                 =       /0,6 a)          a) Substitution into concentration
                                           b) Using mole ratio correctly
                                 -3
                 = 0,15 mol∙dm             c) pH formula
               n(H2SO4) : n(H3O+)          d) Substitution in pH formula
                        1:2                e) Final answer
                     0,15 : 0,3 b)
               pH = -log[H3O+]     c)
                   = - log(0,3)  d)
                   = 0,52 e)                                                        (5)

      7.5.2    OPTION 1                              OPTION 2
                     m
               n=        
                     M                              m = (80% of 11,2) = 8,96 g
                      11,2                             n=
                                                            m
                                                                
                    =
                      56                                    M
                  = 0,2 mol                               8,96
                                                       n=     /56 
               Thus 0,2 x 80%                         n = 0,16 mol of KOH 
                n = 0,16 mol of KOH                                                 (4)

      7.5.3    Positive marking from 7.5.2/Positiewe nasien vanaf 7.5.2
               ACIDIC/SUUR 
                                                      MARKING GUIDELINE:
               Mol ratio H2SO4 : KOH                   Mole ratio
                              1:2                      Indicating excess
                           0,08 : 0,16                Acidic
                                                                                     (3)
                                           13

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       OR

          H2SO4 : KOH
            0,09 : 0,18 (not enough/nie genoeg)
(the 0,09 is given)

∴ There will be an excess of H2SO4  (0,01 mol of H2SO4 in
  excess).
∴ Daar sal ŉ oormaat H2SO4  wees (0,01 mol H2SO4 in
  oormaat).
                                                               [19]

                           14

### Page 15

10842/23

QUESTION 8/ VRAAG 8

8.1   YES  emf is greater than zero /emf is positive 
      Accept
      reducing and oxidizing agents are used

      JA  EMK is groter as nul/is positief
      Aanvaar:
      Reduseer- en oksideermiddels is gebruik                                             (2)

8.2   Mn                                                                                 (1)

8.3   E°cell = E°cathode – E°anode             NOTES:
       1,05 =    X - (-1,18)                   Accept any other correct formula
          X = - 0,13 (V)                         from the data sheet
                                                  Aanvaar enige ander korrekte
              X = Pb                             formule vanaf die inligtingsbladsy
                                                 Any other formula using
                                                  unconventional abbreviations, e.g.
                                                  followed by correct substitutions:
                                                                             4
                                                         Ecell =EOM – ERM      /5         (5)

8.4   8.4.1      Concentration/Konsentrasie is 1 mol∙dm-3                                (2)
                 Temperature/Temperatuur 298 K/25 °C 

      8.4.2      Mn(s) l Mn2+(aq) (1 mol∙dm-3) ll Pb2+(aq) (1 mol∙dm-3) l Pb(s)           (2)

                                                              

                 Accept /Aanvaar
                 Mn l Mn2+ ll Pb2+ l Pb

                                

      8.4.3      Pb2+ + 2e- →       Pb  (1/2 if double arrows)                          (2)
                                                                                         [14]

                                              15

### Page 16

10842/23

QUESTION 9/ VRAAG 9

9.1   Electrical to chemical (energy) 
      Elektriese na chemiese (energie)                                                (1)

9.2   B                                                                               (1)
               2+       -
9.3   Cu → Cu + 2e  (if double arrows maximum ½)                                     (2)

9.4   REMAIN THE SAME /DIESELFDE BLY                                                  (1)

9.5   Zn is a stronger reducing agent  than Cu 
      therefore Cu2+ ions will be reduced to Cu 
       Zn is ‘n sterker reduseermiddel  as Cu 
       daarom sal Cu2+ ione reduseer tot Cu 

      OR/OF
      Zn2+ is a weaker oxidising agent and will not be reduced to deposit on the
      cathode
      Zn2+ is ‘n swakker oksideermiddel en sal nie reduseer om op die katode neer
      te slaan nie

      OR/OF
      Zn will be oxidised to Zn2+
      Zn sal oksideer tot Zn2+
                                                                                       (3)

9.6   9.6.1             m
              n(Cu) =     
                        M
                             15
                    =            
                            63,5
                     = 0,24 mol      (0,236 mol)                                      (3)

      9.6.2   Positive marking from 9.6.1/Positiewe nasien vanaf 9.6.1

              nCu : 2n e-
              n = 2 x 0,236 
                = 0,472 mol of e-                                                     (2)
                                                                                      [13]

                                                               TOTAL/TOTAAL :         150

                                              16

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