# Information Technology Grade 12 P2 NSC June 2021 Memo (Eng) > Grade 12 Information Technology Paper 2 memorandum from the NSC June Exam 2021 (English), 13 pages. Read online or download the free PDF. - Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/information-technology-p2-may-june-2021-mg-eng/0726b5b5-4922-4ce7-9231-c300faa8a9bc - Updated: 2026-10-29 - Subject: Information Technology - Grade: Grade 12 - Document type: Memorandum - Year: 2021 - Exam period: NSC June Exam - Paper: 2 - Curriculum: CAPS - Pages: 13 Breadcrumbs: [Home](https://www.hlayiso.com/) › [Library](https://www.hlayiso.com/library) › [Grade 12](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12) › [Information Technology](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/grade-12/information-technology) › [Information Technology Grade 12 P2 NSC June 2021 Memo (Eng)](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/information-technology-p2-may-june-2021-mg-eng/0726b5b5-4922-4ce7-9231-c300faa8a9bc) ## About this document Information Technology · Grade 12 · NSC June Exam · 2021. Memorandum. Read online or download the PDF. Read it free online on the page above; download the PDF from there. ## Document text Text extracted from the PDF. Layout, diagrams and tables may not survive extraction. ### Page 1 Downloaded from hlayiso.com SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS/ NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY P2 2021 MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 150 These marking guidelines consist of 13 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 2 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 2 DBE/2021 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION A: SHORT QUESTIONS QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 G (1) 1.1.2 I (1) 1.1.3 A (1) 1.1.4 N (1) 1.1.5 E (1) 1.1.6 L (1) 1.1.7 H (1) 1.1.8 K (1) 1.1.9 J (1) 1.1.10 C (1) 1.2 1.2.1 SSD – solid state drive (1) 1.2.2 Driver (1) 1.2.3 Software as a service (Saas) (1) 1.2.4 Convergence (1) 1.2.5 Cookie (1) TOTAL SECTION A: 15 Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 3 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 3 DBE/2021 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION B: SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES QUESTION 2 2.1 Point to point connections between components (not devices) are not shared/ are dedicated  providing high data transfer speeds  (2) 2.2 2.2.1 Quad-core (1) 2.2.2 A task is separated into different threads  that can be processed simultaneously spread/executed on/by different cores. (2) 2.2.3 Any TWO of:   Stores data and instructions that may be needed next / recently used / pre-fetched  It is high speed memory / closer to (on) the CPU  Faster access than fetching from RAM  Prevent slower process from slowing down systems (2) 2.3 A bus  (1) 2.4 Discuss TWO characteristic of RAM (2 x ) of the following:  RAM has no moving parts and it is completely electronic (Solid State Memory) - Electronic  RAM is faster than any mechanical hardware (hard/optical drive) - Fast  RAM loses its contents if the power supply is interrupted - Volatile  RAM is more expensive per GB than storage - Comparatively expensive  It stores data and instructions currently being executed. NOTE: Only one mark if the characteristic is mentioned with no discussion (4) 2.5 By using one computer developers can test their software on different operating systems / platforms.  (2) 2.6 2.6.1 Firmware is used to control the basic operation of a device.  (1) 2.6.2 On a ROM chip (1) 2.7 The CMOS is the type of memory that stores the BIOS settings that can be changed,  while the BIOS contains the essential start-up instructions / does the POST on a computer.  (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 4 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 4 DBE/2021 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines 2.8 THREE concepts:   Make sure that you have a good backup policy and know how to restore your data / save all your important files in the cloud / syncing of files across devices.  Make sure you have records of all your licence keys and serial numbers.  Keep the software installation files/CD/DVD/flash disk in a place where you can easily find and access them. Concepts:  Data backup  Keeping licence keys/ serial numbers  Keep installation files/CDs/DVD/flash disk 2.9 2.9.1 8 bits  (1) 2.9.2 Any TWO of   Ease of access/speed  This enables the user to better search for a file using words or phrases that might appear inside the document.  The operating system has an index that does not only include file names, but also include words and parts of text inside the file. (2) 2.9.3 Any ONE of   To remove temp files downloaded from the Internet  To remove deleted files and folders by emptying the recycle bin  To remove temp files created by operating system  To remove components of operating system that are not used  To remove installed programs that you no longer/seldom uses  To free up/open up additional space on the HDD  To improve the access speed of the device (1) TOTAL SECTION B: 25 Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 5 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 5 DBE/2021 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION C: COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES QUESTION 3 3.1 3.1.1 Ethernet  (1) 3.1.2 Any TWO of   New devices can easily be added/removed/set up on the network.  Easy to troubleshoot/maintain  If any connected device breaks, the rest of the network is not affected.  Network traffic can be managed more effectively (2) 3.1.3 A switch connects many computers on the same network and has the ability to direct network traffic to the correct port / lessens network traffic.  (2) 3.2 3.2.1 The person/point from which a downloaded file is being shared  (1) 3.2.2 Internet: Any ONE  The Internet shares information accessible to everybody.  Internet - much larger network than an Intranet / unlimited resources Intranet: Any ONE  An Intranet shares information / is accessible privately/ limited group.  Intranet – small network with limited resources (2) 3.3 3.3.1 VPN  (any explanation implying VPN) (1) 3.3.2 It is a loophole that is programmed into software  that is used to bypass the security  controls in the network/computer/program. (2) 3.3.3 All changes/updates of the files will automatically be copied to  all the devices linked to online storage/folders. (2) 3.4 3.4.1 Customised: A search in which the results are customised by search engines (like Google) to match one's profile of interests and activities.  Context aware: A search in which additional information (e.g. one's present physical location) is used as criteria to make search results more relevant.  (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 6 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 6 DBE/2021 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines 3.4.2 Advertisers pay for sponsored links to appear even when not relevant to the search.  OR The user often sees sponsored links first on the results page and these links do not always take you to a relevant information/website. (2) 3.5 3.5.1 Any TWO of  Javascript, Pearl, Ruby, ASP.net, Python, PHP, HTML-5 (not without 5) (2) 3.5.2 Retrieves information from a database on the web server using the profile of the user  for whom the web page is dynamically created on the server before downloaded to your browser.  Concepts:  Personal information obtained from a database on the webserver  Web page is created on the server before downloaded. (2) 3.6 DSS analyses the information gathered and presents it in a summarised or graphical format suitable for making informed decisions. Any TWO of the following concepts:   Analyse information  Presents information in a summarised or graphical format suitable  Assists in informed decision making/decision support system (2) 3.7 The quality of information - can be questionable as anybody can create/edit the information.  OR The bias of editors - any editor can select/edit the information to promote his/her point of view. (1) TOTAL SECTION C: 24 Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 7 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 7 DBE/2021 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION D: DATA AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT QUESTION 4 4.1 4.1.1 To uniquely identify a record in a table.  (1) 4.1.2 There can be more than one store in the mall that opened on the same day.  (1) 4.1.3 StoreID/StoreNumber.  (1) 4.2 4.2.1 Normalisation is the process of efficiently designing a database ensuring data integrity and eliminating data redundancy. OR Designing a database to prevent anomalies and data redundancy. (2) 4.2.2 NumYearsOpened can be calculatedusing the DateOpened field. (2) 4.3 Any TWO of   Test for the format of the date e.g. o format must be yyyy/mm/dd.  Test if the date is in the correct range e.g. o the date the shop opened was after the date that the mall opened o check that the date is not in the future.  Presence check – a date was entered or selected. NOTE: In each case accept an explanation or a suitable example. (2) 4.4 4.4.1 Any ONE of:  Has Employs Also accept any other sensible action verb that describes the relationship. (1) 4.4.2 B One to many  (1) 4.5 4.5.1 False (1) 4.5.2 True  (1) 4.5.3 True  (1) 4.5.4 True  (1) 4.5.5 True  (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 8 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 8 DBE/2021 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines 4.6 Any TWO of   To make the data more suitable for data mining.  Data need to be compressed to limit size.  Data need to be standardised to the same format as the data in the data warehouse. (2) 4.7 Any ONE of   To access the history of the record.  To reinstate the record / provide for recovery if records are deleted accidentally.  For auditing purposes. (1) 4.8 Any TWO of   Slows down the network traffic because of the large volume of data being communicated/overloading.  High data charges (cost).  The risk of the whole business shutting down when the central database is down. (2) 4.9 Any TWO   Validate data fields.  Provide only certain options for example using a component where input can only be selected.  Limit size of fields to be entered.  Use parameterised queries. (2) 4.10.1 Online data collection is where data is processed immediately/in real time after it has been captured or collected.  OR Data is captured/recorded and saved directly/immediately onto a system (2) 4.10.2 Any ONE example  with the benefit/use of data  Possible answers:  The specific purchases are recorded – business establishes buying patterns of clients.  The bank that clients use is recorded – business can use it as bargaining tool with bank.  The time of day that purchase is made – can plan for rush hours. Also accept other valid answers. (2) TOTAL SECTION D: 27 Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 9 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 9 DBE/2021 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION E: SOLUTION DEVELOPMENT QUESTION 5 5.1 5.1.1 Any ONE of   Flowchart  IPO  Pseudo code (1) 5.1.2 Any ONE of   A programmer of any programming language must be able to understand / code the algorithm  Anyone must be able to interpret the algorithm.  It is just a planned solution, not a program. (1) 5.2 5.2.1 Any ONE of   Indent the code  Better line spacing/open lines  Add comments to code (1) 5.2.2 (a) Logical error (1) (b) Concepts: Scope:  iSum is a local variable in each of the subprograms / not global  Life time:  iSum is again declared ‘empty’ in each displayAnswer procedure call  (2) 5.3 5.3.1 Any ONE of  iRandom := random(31) + 10; iRandom := randomrange(10,41); (1) 5.3.2 (a) (iii) if (iRandom MOD 2 <> 0) then  (1) (b) (ii) 8  (1) (c) (iii) Repeat … Until iCountOdd = 15;  (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 10 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 10 DBE/2021 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines 5.4 5.4.1 Integer (1) 5.4.2 Real/ Double  // the compiler will reject integer because of the sqrt (1) 5.5 5.5.1 Accessor method returns the current value of an attribute of an object Mutator method returns no value but changes the current value of an attribute of an object. (2) 5.5.2 (a) Any ONE of:   Accessibility  Private and public declaration (1) (b) Any ONE of:   To control access from other units/programs  Unintentional changes prevented  Direct access and change prevented. (1) 5.5.3 setContactNumber  (1) 5.6 sLine  iTerm1 + ' ' + iTerm2  loop  I from 1 to iNumTerms – 2  start loop iTerm3  iTerm1 + iTerm2  sLine  sLine + iTerm3 + ' '  iTerm1  iTerm2 iTerm2  iTerm3  end loop Display sLine  (8) TOTAL SECTION E: 25 Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 11 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 11 DBE/2021 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines SECTION F: INTEGRATED SCENARIO QUESTION 6 6.1 6.1.1 Micro waves / Radio waves  (1) 6.1.2 Any TWO of   To increase the range/ mall can cover a large area  There may be a lot of traffic with many users on a single access point / less sharing of available bandwidth / will provide higher access speed  Signal interference by structures like walls (2) 6.2 6.2.1 Mobile device  OR accept a suitable example such as Smart phone/tablet/smart watch (1) 6.2.2 The trend that mobile devices increasingly use apps  to access web-sites directly rather than via a browser. OR The web is the backend and the app is the front end. (2) 6.2.3 Any ONE for two marks Designing your program to ensure the continuing function of a piece of software under unforeseen circumstances. OR When a programmer anticipates problems and writes code to deal with them. (2) 6.2.4 Any TWO of   Check data for consistency and integrity  Use try/catch  Range checking  Format checking  Using pre-defined lists / combo box  Check if items are selected or input entered from components (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 12 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 12 DBE/2021 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines 6.3 6.3.1 HTTPS / SSL (1) 6.3.2  Public key sent to the person/computer wishing to communicate, sent over the network   Public key used to ENCRYPT data/session key that is sent back to institution  (bank),  Private key that matches the public key which never moves over network) is used to DECRYPT the data/session key  Concepts: Marks allocated towards the following: Encryption using public key Decryption using private key Public key is sent / private key retained by user (3) 6.4 6.4.1 Computer-processing where the physical location of people and objects are determined and used during processing.  (2) 6.4.2 Any ONE of   Specific advertisements / notifications when someone walks pass a shop.  Request to rate a shop as soon as you visit the shop. Any other acceptable answer. (1) 6.5 6.5.1 A white hat hacker does not cause damage  they just prove skills/ test security/not committing a crime A black hat hacker hacks to cause damage or steal data or commit a crime. (2) 6.5.2 The servers become overloaded, unresponsive, and effectively unavailable for everyone.  (1) 6.5.3 Any TWO of   Loss of revenue due to cost for security  Downtime  Damage of reputations / losing customers  Loss of data  Theft of money via web (2) 6.6 A fixed physical address that has a reception desk and meeting room  which is used as a shared space by people who otherwise work from a mobile office.  (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over ### Page 13 Downloaded from hlayiso.com Information Technology/P2 13 DBE/2021 SC/NSC – Marking Guidelines 6.7 6.7.1 Telecommuting  (1) 6.7.2 List the device  (example filtered microphone / ear phones) Motivation  (example to block out background - sound / block out other conversations) (2) 6.7.3 Any ONE of   Skype  Teams  FaceTime  Jitsi  Zoom  WhatsApp calls Any other correct video conferencing platform (1) 6.7.4 Any ONE of   Google Drive  One Drive/Share point  Dropbox Any other correct online storage space (1) 6.8 6.8.1 While Virtual Reality immerses you into a virtual world and blocks out the real word  / Computer based, Augmented Reality refers to overlaying computer-generated images on top of real-time images  / Combines real world images with computer generated images. (2) 6.8.2 Any ONE of   The app can have an assistant advertising some products  The app can give you 3D views of some of the items in the shops Good explanation showing knowledge about using AR (1) 6.8.3 Any TWO of   Camera  Gyroscope / movement sensor  Accelerometers  GPS  Light sensor (2) TOTAL SECTION F: 34 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved ## Related documents - [IT P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2021 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/it-p2-gr12-memo-sept2021-english/dc6b2b22-5eff-42a1-abf6-da544d6fc4c9) — Information Technology · Memo · 2021 · Eng - [IT Prelim Paper 2 Memo 2021](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/it-prelim-paper-2-memo-2021/c0f21c00-25ee-47fe-91f3-7e5383c4e8f1) — Information Technology · Memo · 2021 - [Information Technology P2 May June 2018 Memo Afr](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/information-technology-p2-may-june-2018-memo-afr/53776df3-0cf3-4d09-a7e5-fb431e799895) — Information Technology · Memo · 2018 · Afr - [Information Technology P2 May June 2017 Memo Afr](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/information-technology-p2-may-june-2017-memo-afr/6da80f60-503e-4b1b-82cc-20d06ddbb825) — Information Technology · Memo · 2017 · Afr - [Information Technology P2 May June 2016 Memo Eng](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/information-technology-p2-may-june-2016-memo-eng/f5e735aa-40b5-4040-82d7-4d4a107316a9) — Information Technology · Memo · 2016 · Eng - [Information Technology P2 June July 2015 Memo Afr](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/information-technology-p2-june-july-2015-memo-afr/404cef0e-5ff8-4efd-8b8b-351975ba246c) — Information Technology · Memo · 2015 · Afr ## More from Grade 12 Information Technology - [IT-P2-GR12 QP-Afr-SEP-2025 watermark](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/it-p2-gr12-qp-afr-sep-2025-watermark/569cc299-ae7c-4635-9514-cf03f9242ebc) — QP · 2025 · Afr - [IT P2 QP GR12 SEPT 2024 AFR](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/it-p2-qp-gr12-sept-2024-afr/9016098b-e233-49f4-b1dc-f0838363c6af) — QP · 2024 · Afr - [IT P2 QP GR12 SEPT 2024 English](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/it-p2-qp-gr12-sept-2024-english/83309154-2856-47f1-82cc-cc04c8ab38b1) — QP · 2024 · Eng - [Information Technology P1 Nov 2024 Afr](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/information-technology-p1-nov-2024-afr/f4b19c44-77ce-482a-9f85-438813c25f87) — QP · 2024 · Afr - [Information Technology P2 Nov 2024 Eng](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/information-technology-p2-nov-2024-eng/3afa20d1-1c0f-4969-8a56-d690e9b24d70) — QP · 2024 · Eng - [Information Technology P1 May-June 2023 MG Eng](https://www.hlayiso.com/library/information-technology-p1-may-june-2023-mg-eng/f868554b-8f4f-4370-aa4e-cfa745fc806d) — Memo · 2023 · Eng ## Collection - [Grade 12 past papers](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/past-papers) --- Hlayiso: free CAPS and IEB past papers, memos, notes and study guides for South African learners. 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