# Life Sciences Grade 12 Paper 1 Gauteng Mock 2025 Memo

> Grade 12 Life Sciences Paper 1 memorandum from the Gauteng Mock Exam 2025, 13 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

- Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/life-sciences-grade-12-nsc-p1-memo-september-2025-gauteng/a5a39879-59e8-42c5-9ffb-a26015c80908
- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Life Sciences
- Grade: Grade 12
- Document type: Memorandum
- Year: 2025
- Exam period: Gauteng Mock Exam
- Paper: 1
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 13

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## About this document

Life Sciences · Grade 12 · Gauteng Mock Exam · 2025. Memorandum, 13 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

Read it free online on the page above; download the PDF from there.

## Document text

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### Page 1

AP GAUTENG PROVINCE
vw PS REPHBUIES sa SOUTH AFRICA

PREPARATORY EXAMINATION
2025
MARKING GUIDELINES

LIFE SCIENCES (PAPER 1) (10831)

13 pages

### Page 2

10831/25

Additional Notes to the marking Guidelines

Life Sciences P1

Question 1:

1.5.1 (c) — Accept: Hammer, Anvil and Stirrup (However, scientific terms should be
taught)

1.7.2 (b) — Accept: Vasopressin

Question 2:

2.2.4 — Accept: Between 4 and 5 days.

2.4.1 — Accept: Between the uterus and the vagina

2.4.3 — Learners will lose marks for C and P if calculations are incorrect.

2.6 — if learners use the word/s perilymph and endolymph — Credit the learner in place
of the word fluid in bullet 2.

Question 3

3.4.4 — accept (= )

### Page 3

10831/25

PRINCIPLES RELATED TO MARKING LIFE SCIENCES

10.

11.

12:

If more information than marks allocated is given
Stop marking when maximum marks are reached and put a wavy line and 'max' in
the right-hand margin.

If, for example, three reasons are required and five are given
Mark the first three irrespective of whether all or some are correct/incorrect.

If the whole process is given when only part of it is required
Read all and credit relevant part.

If comparisons are asked for and descriptions are given
Accept if differences/similarities are clear.

If tabulation is required, but paragraphs are given
Candidates will lose marks for not tabulating.

If diagrams are given with annotations when descriptions are required
Candidates will lose marks.

If flow charts are given instead of descriptions
Candidates will lose marks.

If the sequence is muddled and links do not make sense

Where sequence and links are correct, credit. Where sequence and links are
incorrect, do not credit. If the sequence and links become correct again, resume
credit.

Non-recognised abbreviations
Accept if first defined in the answer. If not defined, do not credit the unrecognised
abbreviation but credit the rest of the answer if correct.

Wrong numbering
It is acceptable if the answer fits into the correct sequence of questions, but the
wrong number is given.

If the language used changes the intended meaning
Do not accept.

Spelling errors
Accept it if recognisable, provided it does not mean something else in Life Sciences
or if it is out of context.

### Page 4

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

10831/25

If common names are given in terminology
Accept, provided it was accepted at the memo discussion meeting.

If only a letter is asked for and only a name is given (and vice versa)
Do not credit.

If units are not given in measurements
Candidates will lose marks. The memorandum will allocate marks for units
separately.

Be sensitive to the sense of an answer, which may be stated differently

Caption
All illustrations (diagrams, graphs, tables, etc.) must have a caption.

Code-switching of official languages (terms and concepts)

Aword or two that appears in any official language other than the learners’
assessment language used to the greatest extent in his/her answers should be
credited if it is correct. A marker that is proficient in the relevant official language
should be consulted. This applies to all official languages.

Changes to the marking guidelines
No changes must be made to the marking guidelines without consulting the
provincial internal moderator.

### Page 5

SECTION A

QUESTION 1

ill

2

1.3

1.4

12s

1i232

1.2.3

1.2.4

1.2.5

1.3.1

1.3.2

1.3.3

1.4.1

1.4.2

1.4.3

10831/25

Cv
ByYv
Avy
Byv
AvyY
Dvv
Byv

Dvv
(8 x 2)

Neurotransmitter v/acetylcholine/dopamine/seratonin
Prolactin v

Cranium ¥

Amniotic v fluid

Negative feedback ¥
(5 x 1)

Aonly V¥
B only Vv¥

None v¥
(3 x 2)

Umbilical cord v

Oxygenv /O2

Nutrients v / glucose / CeH1206/ amino acids / vitamins / minerals
Water Vv / H2O0

Antibodies v

Mark first TWO

(a) Placenta ¥

(b) Diffusion ¥

(16)

(5)

(6)

(2)
(1)

(1)
(5)

### Page 6

4.5

1.6

1.7

154

1.5.2

1.6.1

1.6.2

1.7.1

1.72

1.7.3

(a) Pinna v
(b) Organ of Corti v/ Cochlea

{c) Ossicles v/Malleus, incus and stapes

10831/25

(1)
(1)

Note: If ossicles are named, all three bones must be given, in any

order, for 1 mark.
(a) Eustachian tube Vv

(b) Grommet ¥

(a) CV Yellow spot ¥/ Fovea / Fovea centralis
(b) Gv Cornea ¥

(c) BY choroid ¥

Ev andl v

(Any order, mark first TWO only)

Osmoregulation ¥
(a) Pituitary Vv gland / Hypophysis
(b) ADH Y/ Antidiuretic hormone

(c) Kidney v

Concentrated ¥

TOTAL SECTION A

(2)
(8)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
3
50

### Page 7

10831/25

SECTION B
QUESTION 2

2.1 2.1.1 — fusion of (male and female) gametes v
~ inside the female’s reproductive organ Y /body (2)

2.1.2 At birth/after hatching, the puggle:

~ has no spines V sticking out from its skin/naked

— eyes are closed ¥

— remains in its mother’s pouch ~/does not walk on its own/protection
from predators

— feeds from milk from the mother ¥/does not look for its own food

— is kept inside a burrow ¥ for 7 months/protection from predators

— requires a large amount of parental care ¥
NOTE: Protection from predators can only be referred to ONCE

(Mark first TWO only) (2)
2.1.3 Vivipary Ovipary

The embryo develops inside the The embryo develops outside of

female's reproductive the female's body in an amniotic

organsv /uterus egg “/The eggs are laid

The embryo receives a continuous | Embryo receives a fixed amount
supply of food/nutrients from the of food/nutrients from the yolk ¥
mother through the placenta v
Mother gives birth to live young Y___| Young hatch from an egg ¥
Waste from the embryo is removed | Waste collects in the allantois ¥
through the placenta ¥ and is
excreted from the mother's body.
Gaseous exchange occurs at the Gaseous exchange occurs
placenta Vv through the chorion v/shell/
outer covering

The embryo is protected inside the | The embryo is protected by a
mother’s body ¥ shell v

(Mark first TWO comparisons only)

Table: columns with headings T¥ (5)

(9)

### Page 8

2.2

2.3

224

2.2.2

2.2.3

2.2.4

22.5

2.3.1

2.3.2

2.3.3

(a) Graafian Follicle ¥
(b) Corpus luteum ¥
(a) (Day) 14 v

(b) Graafian follicle/part A has ruptured v/ovum has been released from
the Graafian follicle/part A

(a) Progesterone ¥

(b) — Maintains the thickness of the endometrium “/ causes the
endometrium to become more vascular and glandular
— to prepare it for the implantation of the blastocyst “/ blastula
/embryo

4 days ¥

— Stimulates the development ~/maturation
— of aprimary/immature follicle Vv
— into a Graafian follicle Vv

(a) Urethra ¥
(b) Cowper's gland v
(a) Vas deferens ¥
(b) Penis ¥
— nutrients Y sugars/protein that provide energy for the sperm cells to
move ¥
— alkaline fluid Y that neutralises the acid in the urethra/vagina Vv
— mucus Y for easier movement of sperm cells “/slippery tubes for

easier passage of sperm cells
(Mark first TWO only: Named secretion and its function)

10831/25

(1)
(1)
(1)

(1)
(1)

(2)
(1)

(3)
(11)

(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)

(4)
(8)

### Page 9

24 2.4.1

2.4.2

2.4.3

10831/25
At the bottom/base/lower opening of the uterus “/top of the vagina (1)

Get permission from the participants ¥
Get permission from the hospital ”
Decide:
~ which disease to study “/type of cancer
~ how to determine if the patient has cancer ¥
— how many participants to include in the study “/on the sample size
- how to collect/organise the data ¥
— the duration of the study v
which hospitals to use V
(Mark first TWO only)
(NOTE: Ensure that statements are written in the future tense.) (2)

Pie chart Calculations:
Cervix: 56,94/100 x360 =204,98° = 205°

Endometrium: 22,50/100 x360 =81°

Ovary: 15,56/100 x360 =56,01° =56°
Vagina: 3,33 / 100 x360 =11,98° =12°
Vulva: 1,67 / 100 x 360 =6,01° =6°

Pie chart showing the incidence of cancer in different
parts of the reproductive system in India in 2018

3,33 1,67

= cervix
= endometrium
= ovary

56.04 ® vagina

vulva

(6)

### Page 10

2.5

2.6

Criteria Elaboration Symbol_| Mark
Type A pie chart is drawn: symmetrical T
circle drawn showing at least one 1
segment
Caption Correct caption including both H 1
= variables.
Calculations | 1-4 calculations correct — | Cc 1
All 5 calculations are correct. 2
Proportions 1-3 sectors correct with a P 1
key/sectors labelled
All sectors correct with a key / 2
sectors labelled
TOTAL:
2.5.1 — Uncorrected refractive error with cataract ¥
— Macular degeneration ¥
— Infectious disease V
— Vitamin A deficiency ¥
(Mark first TWO only)
2.5.2 - Eyeball is longer than normal/inability of the lens to become less

convex “/lens stays more convex
- Lens will bend/refract the light too much ~/refractive power too
high/light is focused in front of/before the retina

2.5.3. (a) Biconcave Y /concave

(b) -— Causes light to diverge before entering the eye Vv
— Reduces the angle that the light bends in the eye “/light rays are
refracted less in the eye
- Ensures that light converges on the retina “/yellow spot / fovea /
fovea centralis
- to forma clear image. ~
any

As the dancer spins her body:

— there is a change in the speed/direction

— causing movement of the fluid in the inner ear ¥

— inthe semi-circular canals ¥

— to stimulate the cristae Vv

—  to-convert the stimulus into an impulse

— which is conducted by the auditory nerve “/vestibular nerve which is part of
the auditory nerve

— tothe cerebellum v

- which sends impulses to skeletal muscles” /proprioceptors restore balance

Any

10

10831/25

(9)

(2)

(2)

(1)

(2)
(7)

(6)
(6)

### Page 11

QUESTION 3

3.1

3.1.1

Central Y nervous system/ CNS

3.1.2 Functional connection between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite

3.1.3

3.1.5

3.1.6

of another neuron Vv
{a) interneuron v

(b} sensory Y neuron

A reflex arc is the path taken by an impulse Y in response to a stimulus/

within a reflex action,

a reflex action is a quick and automatic/involuntary response V toa

stimulus
G-A-Dvv

— The person would feel the heat “

— but will be unable to move their muscle “/hand away
— resulting in damage/burning/injury to the skinv /tissues/finger/hand

Diagram of a sensory neuron

Dendrite Cell body Myelin sheath

Cytoplasm

SPE

Nucleus Axon

Criteria Elaboration Symbol_| Mark
Caption The correct caption is given Cc 1
Drawing | Correct neuron drawing (accept diagram D 1
with or without myelin sheath)
Labels Any three correct labels:
Axon, dendrite, cell body, cytoplasm, L 3
myelin sheath, nucleus, cell membrane
TOTAL: 5

11

10831/25

[50]

(1)

(2)
(1)
(1)

(2)
(2)

(3)

(5)
(17)

### Page 12

10831/25

3.2 3.2.1 Thermoregulation v (1)
3.2.2 (a) Environmental temperature v (1)
{b) Human core body temperature ¥ (1)

3.2.3 — Ensure validity v*

— by ensuring that gender does not affect the results ~

— by ensuring that the changes in the human core body temperature are
due to the environmental temperature only Y and no other factor

(‘compulsory mark + 1 other mark)

(2)
3.2.4 — The investigation was done with a large sample of 26 participants Vv
— was repeated 3 times Vv
— an average was calculated. v
Any (2)
3.2.5 - Increased sweating ~/sweat glands become more active
— Vasodilation of the blood vessels of the skin ¥ (2)
(9)
3.3 3.3.1. — Nerve damage ¥
— Kidney failure v
— Vision loss ¥
(Mark first TWO only) (2)
3.3.2 (a) (Too) High ¥ (1)
(b) - It will stimulate cells to absorb more glucose v to use for cellular
respiration

- Insulin will stimulates the conversion of excess glucose into
glycogen Y for storage

- In the liver ¥
= Decreasing/lowers the blood glucose levels V* until normal
levels.
(1 compulsory mark + any two) (3)
(6)
3.4 3.4.1 Achemical messenger/messenger molecule that is secreted into the

bloodstream ¥ v/ is responsible for chemical co-ordination that regulates
activities in the body (2)
3.4.2 Adrenal ¥ gland (1)
3.4.3. (a) Sympathetic Y nervous system (1)

(b) It will decrease the amount of blood Y flow going towards the stomach,
decreasing the amount of digestion taking place v’/the digestion of food (2)

12

### Page 13

3.5

30-7

10831/25

3.4.4 percentage increase = (=) ¥ x 100 Y = 328,57 Vv / 328,6 /329 %

3.5.1. Growth/turning movement of a plant/part of a plant in response to a
(external) stimulus vv

3.5.2 -— Auxins that are produced in the tips of roots and stems are removed V
— therefore, cannot diffuse/move through the stems and roots ~/cannot
interfere with the injected auxins Vv
— thereby eliminating the normal effects of auxins Y/ensuring the effect of the
auxins/growth direction is only due to injected auxins

Any
3.5.3 Diagram showing the effect of auxins in the stem and root of a germinating
seed
Stem Root

Criteria Elaboration Symbol | Mark

Root Correct drawing of growth of young root R 1
growing upwards

Stem Correct drawing of growth of young Ss 1
stem growing upwards

Labels Stem and root identified L 1

TOTAL | (3)

3.5.4 Gibberellins v

13

TOTAL SECTION B:

TOTAL:

(3)
(9)

(2)

(3)

(3)

(1)
(9)
[50]
100

150

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