# Life Sciences Grade 12 P2 Eastern Cape Prelim 2024 QP

> Grade 12 Life Sciences Paper 2 question paper from the Eastern Cape Prelim Exam 2024 (Sesotho), 16 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

- Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/life-sciences-p2-gr12-qp-sept2024-sesotho/e5bd128b-87bc-4604-9fad-4e3096fc1e90
- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Life Sciences
- Grade: Grade 12
- Language: Sesotho
- Document type: Question paper
- Year: 2024
- Exam period: Eastern Cape Prelim Exam
- Paper: 2
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 16

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Life Sciences · Grade 12 · Eastern Cape Prelim Exam · 2024 · sesotho. Question paper, 16 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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                            NATIONAL
                       SENIOR CERTIFICATE

                             KEREITI 12

                            LOETSE 2024

                       LIFE SCIENCES P2

MATSHWAO:   150

NAKO:       Dihora tse 2½

                  Pampiri ena ya dipotso ena le maqephe a 16.

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2                                    LIFE SCIENCES P2                     (EC/LOETSE 2024)

DDITAELO LE DIKELETSO

Bala ditaelo tse latelang ka hloko pele o araba dipotso.

1.     Araba dipotso KAOFELA.

2.     Ngola dikarabo TSOHLE BUKENG YA DIKARABO.

3.     Qala Karabo ya potso ka NNGWE leqepheng le LETJHA.

4.     Nomora dikarabo tsa hao jwale ka ha ho nomorilwe pampiring ya dipotso.

5.     Araba dipotso ho ya ka ditaelo tsa potso ka nngwe.

6.     Etsa didayakeramo TSOHLEka pensile o be o di leibole ka pene e bolou kapa
       e ntsho.

7.     Teroya didayakeramo, ditheibole kapa diflotjhate ha FEELA o laetswe ho di
       etsa.

8.     Didayakeramo tse pampiring ena ya dipotso HA DI ya etswa ho latela
       ditekanyo.

9.     O SEKE wa sebedisa pampiri ya kerafo.

10.    O ka sebedisa khalekhuleitha e sa porokeramuwang,protraktara.

11.    Dikhalekhuleishene tsohle di lokela ho atametswa dibakeng tse PEDI tsa
       desimale.

12.    Ngola ka mongolo o makgethe, o balehang.

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(EC/LOETSE2024)                               LIFE SCIENCES P2                                    3

KAROLO YA A

POTSO YA 1

1.1    Ho fanwe ka dikhetho tse fapaneng e le dikarabo tsa dipotso tse latelang.
       Kgetha karabo e nepahetseng mme o ngole feela tlhaku (A–D) haufi le
       dinomoro ya dipotso (1.1.1 ho isa ho 1.1.9) BUKENG YA DIKARABO, mohlala
       1.1.10 D.

       1.1.1      Di’factors’ tse laolang matshwao dientithisi tse arohaneng, ha di na
                  kamano wa mokgwa ofe kapa ofe, hape di ikamahanya ka ho bapa ka
                  mokgwa o ikgethileng ho etsweng ha gamete.

                  Hona ho hlalosa …

                  A    Mendel’s Principle of Segregation.
                  B    Mendel’s Principle of Independent assortment.
                  C    Lamarck’s ‘law’ of the inheritance of acquired characteristics.
                  D    Chance fertilisation.

       1.1.2      Bongata ba diallele bo etsahala ha …

                  A    e nngwe ya allele e laola lefutso la jene.
                  B    diallele tse pedi di laola lefutso la jene.
                  C    diallele di futswa ho tswa batswading ba babedi.
                  D    diallele tse fetang bobedi di laola lefutso la jene.

       1.1.3      Ke dinitrogenous base tse kae tse fumanwang ho porotein e entsweng
                  ka 66 ya diamino acid?

                  A    198
                  B    22
                  C    132
                  D    66

      1.1.4       Phapang dipakeng tsa sebopeho sa dinucleic acid ke.

                                   DNA                                     RNA
                  A    Double-stranded molecule               Single-stranded
                  B    Contains the nitrogenous base,         Contains the nitrogenous
                       uracil                                 base, thymine
                  C    Straight-stranded structure            Helical structure
                  D    Shorter molecule                       Longer molecule

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4                                       LIFE SCIENCES P2                   (EC/LOETSE 2024)

       1.1.5     Dayakeramo e latelang e bontsha phase ya cell division.

                 Mokgahlelo dayakeramong e ka hodimo ke …

                 A     profeisi II.
                 B     thelofeisi II.
                 C     thelofeisi I.
                 D     thelofeisi .

       DIPOTSO 1.1.6 LE 1.1.7 DI ITSHETLEHILE HO POROFAELENG YA DNA E
       KA TLASE.

             A              B                C                D   E        F
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(EC/LOETSE2024)                               LIFE SCIENCES P2                                  5

     1.1.6        Batswadi ba motho B ke …

                  A       A le F.
                  B       C le E.
                  C       A le E.
                  D       D le F.

     1.1.7        Ke efe e le NNGWE ya dikgetho tse latelang e sa sebedisweng ho DNA
                  porofaeleng?

                  A       Papisong ya dithishu ho diorgan transepolante.
                  B       Diphuphutso tsa mafu a pherekano a amanang le lefutso.
                  C       Ho etsuwa ha pheko ya mafu a pherekano amanang le lefutso.
                  D       Bopaki ba bayoloji ditlolong tsa molao.

     1.1.8        Khomposishini ya diploid chromosome ho batho ba banna ba
                  itekanetseng ...

                  A       44 autosomes + XX gonosomes.
                  B       22 autosomes + Y gonosomes.
                  C       22 autosomes + XY gonosomes.
                  D       44 autosomes + XY gonosomes.

     1.1.9        Mutation e kaba e tshusumetso e latelang:

                  (i)     E Khouda amino acid e ntseng e tshwana
                  (ii)    E tjhentjha porotein e entsweng
                  (iii)   E bakela mafu ho organism
                  (iv)    Ha e hlahelle ho fenothaepe ya organism
                  (v)     E atisa menyetla ya ho phela

                  Ke efe e le NNGWE ya dikopantsweng tse ka hodimo e bakwang feela
                  ke dimutation tse kotsi?

                  A       (i), (ii) le (iv)
                  B       (ii) le (v)
                  C       (iii) feela
                  D       (ii) le (iii)
                                                                                 (9 x 2)   (18)

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6                                    LIFE SCIENCES P2                                  (EC/LOETSE 2024)

1.2    Fana ka lentswe le nepehetseng la baeloji bakeng sa tlhaloso ka NNGWE ho
       tse latelang. Ngola feela lentswe pela nomoroya potso (1.2.1 ho isa ho 1.2.9)
       BUKENG YA DIKARABO.

       1.2.1    Setshwantsho sa dinomoro, sebopeho le tatellano ya dikromosoumu
                nucleus ya somatic sele

       1.2.2    Tulo ya extra-nuclear DNA e ho dimela feela

       1.2.3    Tulo moo ho kopanang non-sister chromatids ha di ovalepha e nngwe
                ho e nngwe nakong ya crossing over

       1.2.4    Mofuta wa madi o nang le diallele tse recessive tse pedi

       1.2.5    Tulo ya jene ho chromosome

       1.2.6    Strand sa DNA moo dinucleotide di manamang ho aha DNA strand se
                setjha

       1.2.7    Maemo a bonahatswang ke ho eketseha ha keromosoumu ho bohato
                ba 21

       1.2.8    Mofuta wa dibond tse kopanyang dinitrogenous beyise tse ho DNA
                molecule

       1.2.9    Maemo a cell moo ho nang le sete e le nngwe feela ya dichromosome
                                                                                         (9 x 1)     (9)

1.3    Bontsha hore ditlhaloso tse ho KHOLOMO Ι, Di tsamaelana le A FEELA, B
       FEELA, A le B KA BOBEDI, kapa HA E YO ho tse ho kholomo ΙΙ. Ngola A feela,
       B feela, A le B ka bobedi, kapa HA e YO haufi le nomoro ya potso
       (1.3.1 ho isa ho 1.3.3) BUKENG YA DIKARABO.

                       KHOLOMO Ι                                        KHOLOMO ΙΙ
       1.3.1    Mofuta wa variation o fumanehang              A:   Co-dominance
                ho mefuta ya madi                             B:   Discontinuous variation
       1.3.2    Cytokinesis e etsahala habedi                 A:   Meiosis
                                                              B:   Mitosis
       1.3.3    Bosiyo ba difactor tsa blood-                 A:   Haemophilia
                clotting                                      B:   Colour-blindness
                                                                                         (3 x 2)     (6)

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(EC/LOETSE2024)                               LIFE SCIENCES P2                                 7

1.4     Growth hormone e bohlokwa ho susumetseng kgolo ya masapo le mesifa.
        Eka etsuwa bakeng sa batho ba sa kgoneng ho ntsha, kapa ho ntshuwa ha
        nyane ha hormone ena ho sebediswa recombinant DNA thekenoloji.

                  HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE PRODUCTION HO SEBEDISWA
                           RECOMBINANT DNA THEKENOLOJI

                  Structure X

        1.4.1        Fana ka biotechnological porosese e bontshitsweng ka hodimo.          (1)

        1.4.2        Hlwaya structure X se fumanehang ho baketheriyale cell e
                     sebedisitsweng poroseseng e ka hodimo.                                (1)

        1.4.3        Fana ka diorganic catalyst tse sebedisitsweng ho seha structure X.    (1)

        1.4.4        FANA ka bohlokwa bo le BONG ba:

                     (a)   Ho sebediseng homoune ya kgolo ke dimathi                       (1)

                     (b)   Porosese e boletsweng ho POTSO 1.4.1 ho batho ba nang le
                           lefu la tswekere                                                (1)

        1.4.5        Bolela dibopeho tse PEDI tsa baketheriya tse etsang hore di be
                     bohlokwa ho sebedisweng ha porosese e ka hodimo.                      (2)

        1.4.6        Fana ka tlhaloso e le NNGWE e bonahalang ya mosebetsi wa
                     disticky end/tse manamang tse bonahaditsweng poroseseng e ka
                     hodimo.                                                               (1)

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8                                    LIFE SCIENCES P2                           (EC/LOETSE 2024)

1.5     Dayakeramo e katlase e bontsha modele tse sebedisitsweng ho hlalosa theori
        ya evolushene.

        1.5.1     Hlwaya evolushenari theori e ho MODELE 2.                                  (1)

        1.5.2     Fana ka borasaense ba BABEDI ba entseng tlhaiso ka theori ya
                  evolushene ho MODELE 2.                                                    (2)

        1.5.3     Ke efe evolushenari MODELE, 1 kapa 2 e:

                  (a)   Bontshang diphetoho tsa dikgato tse nyenyane ho diorganism
                        ho tloha ho generation e nngwe ho isa ho enngwe?                     (1)

                  (b)   Tshehetswang ke bosiyo ba ditransitional fossil?                     (1)

                  (c)   Tshehetswang ke rasaense ka theory of evolution by natural
                        selection?                                                           (1)

        1.5.4     Hlalosa ho tla etsahala eng ho species ho dipoint A le B ho
                  MODELE 2, ka tatellano.                                                    (2)

        1.5.5     Fana ka mofuta wa evolushene moo ho le teng phetoho ya
                  tshobotsi(sebopeho) ya species e nkang nako e telele.                      (1)

                                                              MATSHWAO A KAROLO YA A:        50

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 (EC/LOETSE2024)                               LIFE SCIENCES P2                              9

KAROLO YA B

POTSO YA 2

2.1   Didayakeramo tse ka tlase di bontsha molecule wa DNA ho phase ya meiosis.

                                                               B

                                    A

                                                                   E

                                                                              C
                                          D

       DAYAKERAMO 1                                    DAYAKERAMO 2

      2.1.1        Ke efe phase ya meiosis e emetsweng ke DAYAKERAMO 2?                  (1)

      2.1.2        Hlwaya:

                   (a)   Karolo C                                                        (1)

                   (b)   Lebitso le kopanyang chromosome B le E                          (1)

                   (c)   Phase ya meiosis moo karolo A e arohanang                       (1)

      2.1.3        Di kae dichromatid tse nang le DNA e tshwanang ho dichromosome
                   tse kgohlilweng ka botsho ho DAYAKERAMO 2?                            (1)

      2.1.4        Hlalosa sebopeho sa nucleotide ho DAYAKERAMO 1.                       (2)

      2.1.5        Bolela o be o Hlalose bohlokwa ba porosese e etsahalang ho DNA
                   nakong ya interphase e isang ho tjhebeho ya chromosome ho
                   DAYAKERAMO 2.                                                         (3)

      2.1.6        Hlalosa karolo e etswang ke D ho metaphase I ya meiosis.              (3)

2.2   Bolela o be hlalose porosese moo tRNA e bapalang karaolo ho etsweng ha
      protein.                                                                           (5)

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10                                   LIFE SCIENCES P2                            (EC/LOETSE 2024)

2.3 Bala tema e ka tlase.

     Gene therapy ke mokgwa wa pheko ya tsa bophelo e sebedisang genetic
     material ho thibela le ho phekola mafu a jwaloka cystic fibrosis,lefu la sickle cell
     le macular degeneration. Ho macular degeneration diretina cell di ya senyeha.
     Genetic diseases tsena di bakwa ke digene mutation ho DNA molecule ho
     lebisang ho etsweng ha porotein e sa nepahalang. Ho gene therapy, dikarolo tsa
     tatellano tsa mutant gene di a tloswa ho DNA e be ho repoleiswa ka tatellano e
     nepahetseng bakeng sa tsona. DiStem cell di sebediswa ho fetisetsa tatellano e
     nepahetseng ya gene ho etsa porotein e sebetsang hantle.

     2.3.1     Bolela disource tse PEDI tseo ho ka fumanwang stem cells.                       (2)

     2.3.2     Fana ka lefu le le LENG le amang pono leo gene therapy e etseditsweng
               ho le phekola.                                                                  (1)

     2.3.3     Gene mutation e etsahetse ho karolo ya DNA molecule e bontshitsweng
               ka tlase.

                Original sequence                 TTT         TCA   GGT   ACG   CAC
                Mutated sequence                  TTT         TCA   GGT   ACC   CAC
                Base triplet                       1           2     3     4     5

               Ngola nomoro ya base triplet e bontshang gene mutation.                         (1)

     2.3.4     Theibole e ka tlase e bontsha tse ding tsa dicodon le diamino acid tseo
               di tsamaelanang le tsona.

                                      CODONS                  AMINO ACIDS
                                        AAA                      Lysine
                                       GAG                    Glutamic acid
                                        CAC                     Histidine
                                       UGC                      Cysteine
                                        ACU                    Threonine
                                       AGU                       Serine
                                       GAU                      Aspartate
                                       UGG                     Tryptophan
                                       UUU                    Phenylalanine
                                        CCA                      Proline
                                       GUG                       Valine

               (a)   Fana ka amino acid ya base triplet 5 ho POTSO 2.3.3.                      (1)

               (b)   Hlalosa ka moo gene therapy e ka lokisang mutated sequence ho
                     etsa porotein e sebetsang ka ho nepahetseng.                              (3)

               (c)   Teroya stick dayakeramo sa molecule e nkang coded message ya
                     protein synthesis e nang le complementary codon e nepahetseng
                     ya base triplet 2.                                                        (4)

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(EC/LOETSE2024)                                LIFE SCIENCES P2                        11

2.4    Leigh syndrome ke autosomal recessive genetic disorder e sa tlwaelehang e
       amang central nervous system baneng ba ba nyane. Boemo bona bo ka ama
       le batho ba baholo hape ka nako tse ngata le bakela ho shwa ha bana ba sa le
       dilemong tse tlase.

       Pedigree dayakeramo e ka tlase e bontsha lefutso la disorder ena ho lelapa.
       Allele b e sebedisitswe ho batho ba nang le tshwaetso.

                                           A                  B

                        C          D              E               G       F

                   H         I         J                      K       L       M

         KEY

                    Unaffected male

                    Unaffected female

                       Affected male

       2.4.1      E bolela eng term autosomal recessive?                               (2)

       2.4.2      Ngola fatshe TLHAKU ya ngwana ya ka nnang a shwa ho F2
                  generation.                                                          (1)

       2.4.3      Hlalosa ho tla jwang hore ngwana ya boletsweng ho POTSO 2.4.2 a
                  be le tshwaetso ya Leigh syndrome.                                   (2)

       2.4.4      Fana ka Mendel’s Law of Dominance e hlahellang ho diphenotype tsa
                  batho bana K, L le M.                                                (1)

       2.4.5      Hlalosa karabo e ho POTSO 2.4.4.                                     (3)

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12                                   LIFE SCIENCES P2                       (EC/LOETSE 2024)

2.5    Fragile X syndrome ke sex-linked dominant inheritance. Allele e bakang boemo
       bona e dominant XR, ha batho ba se nang fragile X syndrome ba e na le
       recessive allele Xr.

       2.5.1    Bolela phenotype ya motho ya nang le genotype XRXr.                       (2)

       2.5.2    Hlalosa hobaneng ka bobedi bannna le basadi ba e na le menyetla e
                lekanang ya ho kula ke fragile X syndrome.                                (2)

       2.5.3    Monna ya nang le genotype XRY o nyala mosadi ya nang le genotype
                XrXr.

                Sebedisa genetic cross ho hlalosa probability ya banyalani bana hore
                ba be le mora ya nang le fragile X syndrome.                              (7)
                                                                                         [50]

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(EC/LOETSE2024)                               LIFE SCIENCES P2                               13

QUESTION 3

3.1    Dipereng, bay hair coat colour (B) e dominant ho feta black hair coat colour (b),
       le smooth hair (H) e dominant ho feta curly hair (h).

       Rapolasi o e ntse breed ya dipere tse black hair coated le curly hair bophelo
       bohle ba hae hape kaofela difoal (offspring) di ne di dula di shebahala jwaloka
       batswadi ba tsona ka mmala o tshwanang wa black hair coat le curly hair.

       3.1.1      Fana ka lebaka le le LENG hobaneng sena e le mohlala wa dihybrid
                  cross.                                                                     (1)

       3.1.2      Fana ka mofuta wa kgetha o dumelletseng rapolasi ho etsa breed
                  pakeng tsa dipere tse black hair coated le curly hair bophelo bohle ba
                  hae.                                                                       (1)

       3.1.3      Fana ka lebaka le le LENG le entseng rapolasi a etse breed ya dipere
                  tse black hair coated le curly hair ho generation tse ngata.               (1)

       3.1.4      Bolela genotype ya:

                  (a) Motswadi wa pere ya nang le black hair coat le curly hair              (2)

                  (b) Digamete tsa pere e heterozygous ho hair colour le hair type ka
                      bobedi                                                                 (2)

       3.1.5      Fana ka phenotypic ratio ya offspring e tla tswa ha dipere tse PEDI tse
                  heterozygous di khroswa tsa dicharacteristic tsena.                        (2)

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14                                   LIFE SCIENCES P2                      (EC/LOETSE 2024)

3.2    Bala tema e ka tlase:

       African penguin (Spheniscus demersus) population e thohile mona Aforika
       Borwa hape e ka fela ka selemo sa 2035. Hona ho bakelwa ke tahlehelo ya
       sebaka sa bodulo le ho tswaswa ka ho fetisitseng bakeng sa dijo tsa
       moshwelella, sardines (pilchards). DiAfrican penguin di hlodisana le
       commercial fisheries Cape Town bakeng sa disardine. Commercial fisheries
       di boleng ba dibillione tsa diranta le khiro ya batho ba bangata.

       Sardines ke mokgwa wa dijo tsa boleng ba theko e tlase bo tletseng ka
       diprotein hape dikotulwa ka lenane le phahameng kgweding ya March ho isa
       ho May mona Aforika Borwa hape e bile e leng nako ya thobalano ya African
       penguin. Nakong ya thobalano mefuta e mmedi ya bong ba African penguin
       bo etsa modumo wa lerata le phahameng ho bitsa bommate tsa tsona.
       DiNature conservationist di batla mmuso o fokotse lenane la disardine tse
       kotulwang ke commercial fisheries.

       3.2.1 Fana ka bopaki ho tswa ho tema ena bo hlalosang hore African
             penguin e tla be e fedile nakong e tlang.                                  (1)

       3.2.2 Ho ya ka tema ena:                                                         (1)

               (a)   Bolela dintho tse PEDI tse bakelang ho fokotseha ha African
                     penguin population                                                 (2)

               (b)   Hlwaya reproductive isolating mechanisms tse PEDI tse
                     hlahellang ho diAfrican penguin                                    (2)

       3.2.3 Hlalosa hore phokotso ya lenane la kotulo ya disardine e ka etsa
             jwang ho:

               (a)   Theola moruo                                                       (2)

               (b)   Fana ka molemo ho diAfrican penguin                                (2)

3.3    Hlalosa hore species se setjha se etsahala ha jwang ho tswa ho geographic
       barrier.                                                                         (7)

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(EC/LOETSE2024)                               LIFE SCIENCES P2                                 15

3.4    Little Foot ke hominid fossil e ileng ya fumanwa mahaheng Sterkfontein ke
       Professor Ron Clarke. Masapo a Little Foot a bontshitse fossil e na le
       dicharacteristic tse ngata tse tshwanang le tse fumanehang bathong.

           ANATOMICAL STRUCTURES OF THE GENUS THAT LITTLE FOOT
                              BELONGS TO

                    Cranium

                                                                 Little Foot skull

                                                                                     C

                        A                            B                     D

       3.4.1      Ke lefe lebitso la saense la Little Foot?                                    (1)

       3.4.2      Ngola fatshe TLHAKU ya sebopeho se hlalosang genus ena:

                  (a)   Enang le dicanine tse nyane                                            (1)

                  (b)   Spinal column se kene ho skull ka mokgwa o vertical bakeng
                        sa bipedalism                                                          (1)

                  (c)   E na le diforelimb tse tshwanang le tsa batho                          (1)

       3.4.3      Hlalosa ka moo sebopeho sa B se bontshang hore genus ena e na le
                  phetoho e kgolo ho feta primitive apes le phetoho e nyane ho feta ya
                  batho.                                                                       (2)

       3.4.4      Hlalosa bohlokwa ba ho tjhentjha ha saese ya cranium ya Little Foot
                  ho batho ba mehleng ena.                                                     (2)

       3.4.5      Little foot e sebediswa e le bopaki ba fossil bo tshehetsang ‘Out-of-
                  Africa’ hypothesis.

                  (a)   Bolela bo BONG ba bopaki ba tshehetsang ‘Out-of- Africa’
                        hypothesis.                                                            (1)

                  (b)   Hlalosa hore difossil tsa little foot’s genus di sebediswa ha jwang
                        ho tshehetsang ‘Out-of- Africa’ hypothesis.                            (2)
Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena di se sebediswe ntle ho tumello                               Phetla

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### Page 16

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16                                               LIFE SCIENCES P2                          (EC/LOETSE 2024)

3.5 Laetoli footprints ke fossil e dilemong tse 3,6 million e ileng ya fumanwa ke
    palaeontologist, Mary Leakey Tanzania. Sebopeho sa leoto le monwana le
    bolelele ba leoto bo hlalosa hore difootprint di ne di entswe ke bipedal hominid
    ancestor e neng e kgona ho tsamaya e otlolohile.
     Dipatlisiso di ile tsa etswa ho fumana hore batho bana ba ileng ba etsa Laetoli
     footprints ba ile ba sebedisa bipedalism e tshwanang le ya motho kapa
     motsamao o tshwanang haholo le wa-ape (bent-knee, bent-hip).
     Mokgwa wa tsamaiso e bile o latelang:
     • Botebo ba kgatello ya menwana ho molora o bolokileng Laetoli footprints e
       kadilwe ya rekhodwa.
     • Batho bao e leng bankakarolo ba robedi ba kopilwe ho tsamaya lehlabatheng
       le botebo ba difootprint tsa menwana ya bona bakalwa hape ba rekhodwa.
     • Batho bao e leng bankakarolo ba kotjwa ho etsa nketsisane (copy) ya
       motsamao wa diapi ba sebedisa “bent-knee, bent-hip” motsamao o
       tshwanang-le wa api lehlabatheng.
     • Botebo ba difootprint tsa monwana ba kalwa ba rekhodwa.
     Diphetho tsa investigation di rekhodilwe kerafong e latelang.

                                        Toe depth (cm) for different types of
                                                    footprints
                                 7

                Toe depth (cm)
                                 6
                                 5
                                 4
                                 3
                                 2
                                 1
                                 0
                                     Ape-like movement      Human-like        laetoli
                                                            bipedalism
                                                         Type of footprint

     3.5.1     Hlalosa maikemisetso a investigation ena.                                                (1)
     3.5.2     Hlwaya hore dependent variable e kadilwe jwang ho investigation ena.                     (1)
     3.5.3     Bolela mehato e MERARO e hlokometsweng ho etsweng ha
               investigation ena.                                                                       (3)
     3.5.4     Fana ka mabaka a MABEDI hobaneng investigation ena e ka nkuwa e
               sa tshepahale.                                                                           (2)
     3.5.5     Bolela mofuta wa footprint o nang le bolelele ba botebo ba monwana.                      (1)
     3.5.6     Ke boholo ba makgetlo a ma kae ba botebo ba monwana wa bipedalism
               bo tshwanang le ba motho ho bapiswa le Laetoli footprint? Bontsha
               dikhaletjhuleishene KAOFELA.                                                             (2)
     3.5.7     Teroya theibole e bontshang infomeishene e ho kerafo.                                   (4)
                                                                                                      [50]
                                                                         MATSHWAO A KAROLO YA B:      100
                                                                                MATSHWAO OHLE:        150
Difuperweng tsa pampiri ena di se sebediswe ntle ho tumello                                         Phetla

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