# Economics Grade 10 KZN September Test 2023 Paper & Memo

> Grade 10 Economics question paper and memo from the KZN September Test 2023, 26 pages. Read online or get the free PDF download.

- Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/limpopo-economics-grade-10-september-2023-qp-and-memo/b0364cf7-fb3c-4cf0-855b-f43a12bc7785
- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Economics
- Grade: Grade 10
- Document type: Question paper and memo
- Year: 2023
- Exam period: KZN September Test
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 26

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## About this document

Economics · Grade 10 · KZN September Test · 2023. Question paper and memorandum, 26 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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§ICS.COMONTORLLED TEST 2 2023

LIMPOPO

PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT

REPUBLIC OF SOU! H AFRICA

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MOPANI EAST DISTRICT

MARKS : 100 DURATION: 1H30 MINUTES

TIME : 9HOO

This question paper consists of 12 pages INCLUDING COVER PAGE

QUESTION PAPER

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INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION
1. Answer THREE questions as follows in the ANSWER BOOK:
e SECTION A: COMPULSORY
e SEGTION B: Answer Any ONE QUESTION
e SECTION C: Answer ONE QUESTION FROM THIS SECTION
2. Answer only the required number of questions. Answer in excess of the required
number will not be marked.
3. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.
4. Read ALL questions carefully
5. Stat EACH question on a NEW paper.
6. Answer the questions in full sentences and ensure that the format, content and
context of your responses comply with the requirements of the questions.
7. Use only black or blue ink.
8. You may use non programmable pocket calculator

9. Write neatly and legibly.

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SECTION A :COMPULSORY

1.1. Various options are provided as possible answers to the following
questionsChoose the correct answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to
the question number (1.1.1-1.1.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.1.9.

D

1.1.1. First group of people who lived in the Southren and western parts of
Africa...
A Khoisan

B African tribes
C Europeans
D Arabs

1.1.2. Situation when people move from place to place for water,food or pasture

is known as...

A Migration

B Trade
C Nomadic
D Urbanisation

1.1.3. The evolution over time of the population profile of a country or region
defined geographical area. .
A Labour absorption rate
B Demographic cycle
C Employment
D Demographics

1.1.4. Situation when people are between jobs,or seeking for a job for the first
time.

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A Full employment
B Labour force
aor
loyment
anny

Onn)

B-Wnemployment

. Bringing parties together and getting them to agree on a certain course of

action

A Convention
B Agreement
C Conciliation
D Consultation

(5x2)(10)

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1.2 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches the item in COLUMN A. Write
only the letter (A-I) next to the question number( 1.2.1-1.2.6) in the answer book.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.2.1. Arbitration A. Moving from one country/place to another
1.2.2. Mechanism B. When business focusses on producing a limited
1.2.3. Overpopulation Range of goods and services.
1.2.4. Migration C. The worldwide integration of markets and production.
1.2.5. Globalization D. When human labour is replaced with machinery.
1.2.6 Specialization E. An increase in population due to an increase in
Immigration.
F. It uses a lot of human labour
G. The hearing and determination of a dispute by an
Impartial refree.

(6x1) (6)

1.3 Give ONE term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next
to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.5) in the ANSWER BOOK. Abbreviations,
acronyms and examples will NOT be accepted.

1.3.1 Movement of people from rural areas to towns /cities.
1.3.2 A process of exchanging goods and services for each other in the

absence of money.

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1.3.3 Consists of those employed and those not employed.
1.3.4 An organization that protects and fights for the rights of employees.
(4x1) (4)

TOTAL SECTION A:20

SECTION B(Answer any ONE Question from this Section)

QUESTION 2
2.1. Answer the following questions

2.1.1. Name any TWO rights of workers at the workplace. (2x1) (2)
2.1.2. Briefly explain the law of demand for labour. (1x2) (2)

2.2 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow.

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LABOUR MARKET

0 100 180 200 Quantity of

Labour

2.2.1 Identify the equilibrium wage rate

2.2.2 From the graph, what would the labour surplus be

2.2.3 Briefly describe the term /abour union

2.2.4 What would be the impact on the market if the size of the population

increases?
2.2.5 How is arbitration used to solve labour disputes?
[10]
2.3 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.
oat
dona?
eco

ES

(1)

(1)
(2)

(4)

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BARGAINING COUNCIL

Former Federation of Unions of South Africa (Fedusa) General Secretary Denis

George's, dismissal is now in the hands of the CCMA. The federation dismissed
George oyer—allegations of corruption involving his purchase of shares in
controversial company Ayo technologies. The company has been accused of
irregularities which have been laid bare at the Public Corporation inquiry. In the
document, George says his dismissal was procedurally unfair because the
presiding officer who investigated the allegations against him and found him guilty,

was hired through the same attorneys who conducted the probe.

Source: Google

2.3.1. What does CCMA for? (1)
2.3.2 Why according to the extract was George’s dismissal considered unfair? (1)
2.3.3 Briefly describe the term bargaining council (2)

2.3.4 Why does the Labour Appeal Court have greater powers than the
Labour Court? (2)
2.3.5 What would the results of an unsuccessful mediation process be? (4)

[10]
2.4 Discuss the factors affecting demand for labour in South Africa. (4x2) (8)
2.5 Evaluate the influence of productivity and skills on labour. (8)
(40)
QUESTION 3

3.1 Answer the following questions.

3.1.1. Name any TWO objectives of Labour Relations Act. (2x1) (2)
3.1.2. Why is the CCMA important? (1x2) (2)

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3.2. Study the table and answer the questions that follow

Tae ‘

2008 2009 2010 aon
{Source: www.tradeeconomics/southafricalgdpgrowth, 2012]
3.2.1 What does this graph depict? (1)
3.2.2 When did South Africa Experience the highest growth? (1)
3.2.3 Briefly describe the term economic growth. (2)
3.2.4 Difference between economic growth and economic development (2)

3.2.5 Why might an increase in alcohol consumption lead to an increase in GDP,

but decrease in the standard of living? (4)

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3.3 Study the Cartoon below and answer the questions that follow:

3.3.1 What negative effect can migration have on the economy? (1)
3.3.2 Why do people migrate to urban areas? (1)
3.3.3 Briefly describe the concept Urban Migration (2)
3.3.4 How will the net migration influence the South African economy? (2)

3.3.5 Why is it important for the government to know the population growth

rate in the country? (4)

3.4 Briefly discuss the labour court of South Africa in dispute resolution. (4x2) (8)
3.5. How do stokvel contribute towards a better form of savings for members? (8)
[40]

10

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SECTION C
Answer ONE ofithe two questions from this section in the ANSWER BOOK.

MARK

STRUCTURE OF ESSAY ALLOCATION

Introduction
The introduction is a lower-order response. Max. 2

+ A good starting point would be to define the main concept related to
the question topic.

* Do not include any part of the question in your introduction.

+ Do not repeat any part of the introduction in the body.

+ Avoid saying in the introduction what you are going to discuss in the
body.

Body

Main part: Discuss in detail/In-depth discussion/Examine/Critically Max. 26
discuss/ Analyse/Compare/Evaluate/Distinguish/Differentiate/Explain

Additional part: Give own opinion/Critically discuss/Evaluate/Critically
evaluate/ Draw a graph and explain/Use the graph given and
explain/Complete the given
graph/Calculate/Deduce/Compare/Explain/Distinguish/Interpret/Briefly
debate/ How/Suggest

Max. 10

Conclusion
Any higher-order conclusion should include: Max. 2

+ A brief summary of what has been discussed without repeating facts
already mentioned

+ — Any opinion or value judgement on the facts discussed

+ Additional support information to strengthen the discussion/analysis
+ Accontradictory viewpoint with motivation, if required

+ Recommendations

TOTAL 40

11

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QUESTION 4
e Discuss in detail the industrial development. (26)
e How wasjsurplus production, trade and transport development used in the
evolution“6f!/markets. (10)
QUESTION 5
e Discuss in detail the South African labour force (26)

e Discuss natural growth with regard to the difference between birth and death
rates of a population. (10)

12

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LIMPOPO
PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT
= REPUBLIC UF SOUIAPRICA
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MOPANI EAST DISTRICT

[ GRADE 10 ]

MARKS : 100 DURATION: 1H30 MINUTES

TIME : 9HOO

This MARKING GUIDELINES consists of 14 pages IN |G COVER PAGE

MARKING GUIDELINES

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SECTION A :COMPULSORY

1.1.Multiple Choice
1.1.1. A /Vv (Kitoisan)

1.1.2. C VV (Nomadic)
1.1.3. B YY (Demographic Cycle)
1.1.4. D VV (Unemployment)

1.1.5. C VV ( Conciliation) (5x2)(10)
1.2.Matching
1.2.1. GV

1.2.2. DV
1.2.3. EV
1.2.4. AV
1.2.5. CV

1.2.6.BV (6X1)(6)
1.3.0ne Concept
1.3.1. Urbanisation /

1.3.2. Barter trade V
1.3.3. Economically Active Population V

1.3.4. Labour Union V (4X1)(4)

TOTAL SECTION A:20

SECTION B(Answer any ONE Question from this Section)

QUESTION 2
2.1. Answer the following questions

2.1.1. Name any TWO rights of workers at the workplace.

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e Everyone has the right to fair labour practices. V

e Every worker has the right to form and join a trade union
e Every worker has the right to participate in the activities and programmes of a

trade unionand to strike. Y
e Every employeE has the right to form and join an employers’ organisation. V
e Every employeE has the right to participate in the activities and programmes of
an employers’ organisation. V
(2x1) (2)

2.1.2. Briefly explain the law of demand for labour.

e The higher the price of labour is,the lower the demand for such labour will be //V

e The lower the price of labour is,the higher the demand for such labour will be /V

(1x2) (2)
2.2 DATA RESPONSE.
2.2.1. Identify the equilibrium wage rate
° RS500V (1)
2.2.2 From the graph, what would the labour surplus be?
e 200-100 = 100 V (1)

2.2.3 Briefly describe the term labour union.
e Anorganisation that protects and fights for the rights of employees. V/V (2)
(Accept any other relevant response)

2.2.4 What would be the impact on the market if the size of the population
increases?
e The supply curve will shift to the right as the size of the labour force has
increased. There will be greater demand for labour good/services and for labour

VV
(Accept any other relevant response) (2)

2.2.5 How is arbitration used to solve labour disputes?
e Trade unions negotiate with employers on behalf of members to improve wages,
benefits such as improved pensions and medical benefits, working conditions,

health and safety conditions. /V
e Trade unions work towards reducing any loss of jobs through retrenchment /V

3

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e Help members to resolve grievances. V

e Represent members in labour dispute’ / (4)
(Acceptany other relevant response)

[10]
2.3 DATA RESPONSE

2.3.1 What does CCMA for?
e Commission for conciliation ,Mediation and Arbitration V (1)

2.3.2 Why according to the extract was George’s dismissal considered unfair?
e Because the presiding officer who investigated the allegations against him and
found him guilty, was hired through the same attorneys who conducted the
probe. /

(1)

2.3.3 Briefly describe the term bargaining council .

e It the organisation which facilitates the negotiation process between unified
employees (typical trade unions) and employers on matters such as working
conditions and wagesVV (2)
(Accept any correct relevant answer)

2.3.4 Why does the Labour Appeal Court have greater powers than Labour Court.
e Itcan hear appeals against Labour Court decisions VV
e It can make final decisions which are legal and binding /V
e Itcan deal directly with matters normally dealt with by the Labour CourtV/Y (2)

2.3.5 What would the results of an unsuccessful mediation process be?
« When conciliation fails, a party may request the CCMA to resolve the dispute by

arbitration. /V

e Atan arbitration hearing, a commissioner gives both parties an opportunity to
fully state their cases. /V

e The decision, called the arbitration award, is legally binding,om both parties VV
(Accept any correct relevant answer) (4)

[10]

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2.4 Discuss the factors affecting demand for labour in South Africa.

e Performance of the economy -— If the economy grows, more goods and
services,-produced by labour, are sold and more labour is employed’ /

e Productivity!of labour — The relationship between real output and the
quantity;oFinput used to produce that output. Productivity is a measure of
efficiencyVY

e Improvements in technology — Technology extends human ability, and it
advances raises the marginal product of labour//

e The supply of other factors — If capital, land, proper education and

entrepreneurship are not available, workers will not find employment’ /
(4x2) (8)

2.5 Evaluate the influence of productivity and skills on labour.

e All businesses employ workers that are able and have the skills to do the
required job. /V

e The better skilled and trained the labour is, the better the productivity will be.
Vv

e Businesses will therefor look for skilled workers to employV V

e Businesses will also train workers to become more skilled for them to be
more productive. /V

e The higher the qualifications and skills of the labour is, the easier it will be to
get employment. /V

e Workers with higher skills will also be paid more in wages than workers
without such skills. /V
(Accept any other correct relevant response) (8)

(40)

QUESTION 3

3.1 Answer the following questions.

3.1.1. Name any TWO objectives of Labour Relations Act.

¢ To formulate industrial policy. /V
e The act promotes orderly and collective bargaining. /V

e The act promotes collective bargaining at sectoral level. A“
e The act promotes employee participation in decision making in the workplace.
Vv

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e The act promotes the effective resolution of labour disputes. /V (2x1) (2)
3.1.2. Why is the CCMA important?

e They resolve disputes through conciliation or arbitration. /V
e The CCMApublish information on its activities and guidelines for dispute
Resolutions, //

(1x2) (2)
Accept Any other correct relevant response
3.2. DATA RESPONSE
3.2.1 What does this graph depict?
« The percentage increase in a country's economic growth / GDP growthY (1)
3.2.2 When did South Africa Experience the highest growth?
e 187 quarter in 2007V (1)

3.2.3 Briefly describe the term economic growth.

e« Economic growth is an increase in the production of economic goods and
services, compared from one period of time to another /V (2)
e Accept any other correct relevant response

3.2.4 Difference between economic growth and economic development

e Growth refers to production while development refers to the quality of life of an
individual or householdv Y (2)

3.2.5 Why might an increase in alcohol consumption lead to an increase in GDP,
but decrease in the standard of living?

e More people will spend their income on alcohol’ ¥ and then there will
be less to spend on other necessary goods and services, / thereby
decreasing the quality of life of an individual or household.
e Alcohol dependency also might lead to an increase in the need for medical
treatment , placing a greater burden on the state. /V
(Any other relevant answer) (2 x 2) (4)

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3.3 DATA RESPONSE

3.3.1. What negative effect can migration have on the economy?

¢ over-population / lack of services /shortages of essential goods V (1)
3.3.2. Why do people migrate to urban areas?
° They may be searching for better economic opportunities / better livelihoods
such as employment, education (search for greener pastures) /
(Accept any other correct relevant answer) (1)

3.3.3. Briefly describe the concept Urban Migration
e It is a movement of people from rural areas to urban areas // (2)
Accept any other correct relevant response

3.3.4. How will the net migration influence the South African economy?

e Migration leads to densely populated informal settlements / slums necessitating a
massive demand for housing and infrastructure such as land, roads, health clinics
VV

e Uncontrolled migration leads to service delivery problems where the demand for
electricity, water supply and other services puts a lot of pressure on the
governmentVV

(Accept any other correct relevant answer) (2)

3.3.5. Why is it important for the government to know the population growth
rate in the country?

e The increase in the population in cities increases labour which is needed in

industriesV V
e Houses must be built for the increasing population in cities VV
e Innovation and entrepreneurship increases as urban populations increase so

industries will increase/V
(Accept any other correct relevant answer (4)

3.4 Briefly discuss the labour court of South Africa in dispute resolution.

e The labour court grants interdicts. /V
e The labour court award compensation in any circumstancewhich are mentioned

in the Labour Relations Act. /V
e The labour court make orders for costs which need to be'paid. /V
e The labour court order parties to comply with the LRA. /V

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The labour court make an arbitration award or any settlement agreement on

order of the-court. /V (4x2) (8)

3.5. How do stokvel contribute towards a better form of savings for members?

Stokvels contribute towards a better form of saving because:

Stokvels area savings or investment society to which members regularly
contribute an agreed amount and from which they receive a lump sum payment.
Vv
Stokvels are sociable, members have common values and understand one
anotherV/
They impose self-discipline and commitment on people’ V
No one wants to let their friends down when it comes to paying/V
There is social prestige in belonging to a stokvel V/V
You must be invited to join’vV

(Accept any other correct relevant response.) (8)

[40]

SECTION B:40

SECTION C
Answer ONE of the two questions from this section in the ANSWER BOOK.

MARK
STRUCTURE OF ESSAY ALLOCATION
Introduction
The introduction is a lower-order response. Max. 2

+ A good starting point would be to define the main concept related to
the question topic.

* Do not include any part of the question in your introduction.

+ Do not repeat any part of the introduction in the body.

+ — Avoid saying in the introduction what you are going to discuss-in the
body.

Body

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Main part: Discuss in detail/In-depth discussion/Examine/Critically Max. 26
discuss/ Analyse/Compare/Evaluate/Distinguish/Differentiate/Explain

Additional part;Give own opinion/Critically discuss/Evaluate/Critically
evaluate/ Drawlaigraph and explain/Use the graph given and
explain/Complete-the given
graph/Calculalte/Deduce/Compare/Explain/Dislinguish/InterpreUBriefly
debate/ How/Suggest

Max. 10

Conclusion
Any higher-order conclusion should include: Max. 2

+ — A brief summary of what has been discussed without repeating facts
already mentioned

+ — Any opinion or value judgement on the facts discussed

+ Additional support information to strengthen the discussion/analysis
+ Acontradictory viewpoint with motivation, if required

+ Recommendations

TOTAL 40

QUESTION 4
e Discuss in detail the industrial development. (26)
e How was surplus production, trade and transport development used in the
evolution of markets. (10)

Introduction
e Industrial development refers to a development that involves a manufacturing or
industrial process.
e Industrial development is the building and growing of industries within an
economy by using new technologies which make jobs easier,faster and better
and lead to an increase in a business’ output and an increase in profits. V/V
e Accept any other correct relevant introduction (2)
BODY
MAIN PART

Manufacturing’

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e The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in

the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840. /V

e The processes change from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one
dominatediby industry and machine manufacturing. /V

e Before mechanization and factories, textiles were made mainly in people’s
homes using basic equipment. /V

e Industrialization marked a shift to powered, special-purpose machinery, factories

and mass production. /V

e Industrialisation led to the establishing of factories. (Machinery was placed under

one roof.) //

e An increased in demand for goods, resulted in the needed more cost-effective
methods of production, which led to the rise of mechanization and the factory
system. /V

e The goods were manufactured on large scale in the factories. /V
e The factory system was characterised by division of labour. /Y

Technological innovations led to ever-increasing productivity, while requiring less

human energy. /V

e Industrialization meant that some craftspeople were replaced by machines. /V
e Greater volume and variety of factory-produced goods were manufactured which

raised the standard of living of many people. /V
e@ Caal and iron ore become essential for industrialisation. /Y
e Coal replaces wood. /V

e Steam becomes the source of energy. VV
e ron is used to build machines such as the steam engine, locomotive and the
steamboat. VV

e The steam engine was also integral to industrialisation. /V

Technological progress, the mobilisation of energy and mechanisation of
production’

Transportation improved.
e The steam engine went on to power machinery, locomotivestand ships. V/V
e The transportation industry underwent significant transformation and steam-
powered ships, and steam powered locomotives came intoluse. /V

Communication improved
e Communication became easier with inventions such as the telegraph. VV

10

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Banking improved
e There was arise of banks and industrial financiers, as well as a factory system

dependenten owners and managers. /V
e The stockiexchange was established in London in the 1770s; the New York
Stock Exchange was founded in the early 1790s. VV (8)

Urbanisation and migration’

Urbanisation
e Urbanisation is an increase in a population in cities and towns. /V

e Urbanization started during the industrial revolution, when workers moved
towards manufacturing centres in cities to find work in factories because

agricultural jobs became less common. /V

Migration
e Migration is the movement by people from one place to another with the

intentions of settling, permanently in the new location. /V
e The movement is often over long distances and from one country to another, but
internal migration is also possible. /V

e Migration can be voluntary or forced. /V

Modern day Migration: V

e Refugees - People are forced to leave their country in order to escape war,
persecution, or natural disaster. /V

e Displaced people - People moving around in their own county, they flee in their own
country yet. Economic migration — People choose to move to improve the standard
of living by gaining a better paid job. /V

e Mass migrations over long distances are possible due to modern and improved

communication and transport. /V (8)
. MAX:26

PART B

« Over time agriculture became more productive through the inventicn of crop rotation,
irrigation, food storage, the use of livestock and plant breeding. V/V
« This increase in productivity, along with refinements in tools, created surplus. //

11

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« These surpluses allowed for non-agricultural activities to develop such as

manufacturing and trade. /V
« Farmers increased productivity, allowing the communities and settlements to expand.

VV
« The agricultural surpluses and manufactured items brought about the start of real
trade withlother communities and even with other parts of the world. /V

« ExternaFtrade concentrates mainly on primary products. //

e Atthe same time that trade started, transport infrastructure was developed that
supported trade. /V

« Ocean-going ships allowed long-distance trade and made speciality goods available
in communities. //

e The expansion of local and international trade led to the emergence of merchants

who earned their wealth by facilitating trade. /V
(Accept any relevant response) (Max. 10)

Conclusion
e Industrial development contributes to the economic growth because of the
development or expansion of industries that lead to an increased production of

goods and services and demand for goods and services. /V Max:2

e Accept any other correct conclusion
[40]

QUESTION 5

¢ Discuss in detail the South African labour force (26)

e Discuss natural growth with regard to the difference between birth and death
rates of a population. (10)

Introduction

* South Africa has a productive and industrialised economy with many
characteristics associated with developing countries including division of labour

between formal and informal sectors. /V
Accept any other relevant correct response 2

Body
MAIN PART

Age composition

12

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Labour force between the ages of 15 and 65 V/V

There is an aging labour force in South Africa, with a large component of unemployed
youth. Vv‘

The incréaserin the age of the working population is because people are working until
they reachiretirement age, for financial reasons. /V

There isanfaging labour force in South Africa, with a large component of unemployed
youth. “4%

The increase in the age of the working population is because people are working
until they reach retirement age, for financial reasons. VV (10)

Labour force numbers: Employment and unemployment

South Africa has an increasingly high unemployment rate. //

Highest among unskilled and semi-skilled workers. /V

Agricultural provinces are the worst affected. /V

Youth unemployment continues to grow in the country/ /

Youth between the ages of 15 to 34 years. /V

The economy has to generate more job opportunities to decrease the rate of
unemployment. //

Trading industry has the highest employment rate. /V

Decline in labour intensive primary sector areas namely mining and agricultural sectors.
Vv

Tertiary and services sector has increased due to training and skills development. /V
Due to the increase in population the economy has been slow to create job pportunities.
Vv

Production methods have changed over the years, this is due to the technological

changes and environmental issues. /V (10)

Accept any other relevant correct response

Geographical composition

Gauteng has the largest population, followed by KwaZulu Natal /V

The South Africa population is mainly concentrated in the urban areas of Gauteng,
Durban, Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, East London and Bloemfontein V/V

People tend to move to urban areas in the hope of better prospects, but this leads to

competition for resources and services (housing, sanitation, water) //
Accept any other relevant correct response (6)
26 max
ADDITIONAL PART
Natural growth is the difference between birth and death ratesjif-the population. /V
Birth and death rate of the population during a specific period of time. VV
Overall growth rate includes migration, entering and leaving the countryV V.
Fertility rate deals with the number of births in a population of the area. /V

13

### Page 26

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Downteadeds fmerrictanmerspbysics.COMONTORLLED TEST 2 2023

e Mortality rate deals with the death rate of the population of the area//

e It is important for the government to know all of this, to ensure that sufficient services,
and other;infrastructure is available to accommodate all its people VV
Accept anyother relevant correct response 10 max

Conclusion

e The ever increasing population in SA, despite pandemics such as HIV and Covid 19
means the government will have to institute measures to ensure that it is able to
provide adequate services to all its people, as is mandated in the constitution of the

country, /V
Accept any other relevant correct response (2)
[40]

TOTAL SECTION C:40
GRAND TOTAL 100

14

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