# Mathematics Grade 12 Paper 2 NSC November 2017 Memo

> Grade 12 Mathematics Paper 2 memorandum from the NSC November Exam 2017, 29 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

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- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Mathematics
- Grade: Grade 12
- Document type: Memorandum
- Year: 2017
- Exam period: NSC November Exam
- Paper: 2
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 29

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### Page 1

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                                       NATIONAL
                                  SENIOR CERTIFICATE
                                   NASIONALE SENIOR
                                      SERTIFIKAAT

                                    GRADE 12/GRAAD 12

                            MATHEMATICS P2/WISKUNDE V2

                                        NOVEMBER 2017

                      MARKING GUIDELINES/NASIENRIGLYNE

MARKS/PUNTE: 150

                            These marking guidelines consist of 29 pages.
                             Hierdie nasienriglyne bestaan uit 28 bladsye.

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Mathematics/P2/Wiskunde/V2                          2                                      DBE/November 2017
                                 NSC/NSS – Marking Guidelines/Nasienriglyne

NOTE:
• If a candidate answers a question TWICE, only mark the FIRST attempt.
• If a candidate has crossed out an attempt of a question and not redone the question, mark the
  crossed out version.
• Consistent accuracy applies in ALL aspects of the marking guidelines. Stop marking at the
  second calculation error.
• Assuming answers/values in order to solve a problem is NOT acceptable.

NOTA:
• As 'n kandidaat 'n vraag TWEE KEER beantwoord, merk slegs die EERSTE poging.
• As 'n kandidaat 'n antwoord van 'n vraag doodtrek en nie oordoen nie, merk die doodgetrekte
   poging.
• Volgehoue akkuraatheid word in ALLE aspekte van die nasienriglyne toegepas. Hou op nasien
   by die tweede berekeningsfout.
• Aanvaar van antwoorde/waardes om 'n probleem op te los, word NIE toegelaat nie.

                                             GEOMETRY
          A mark for a correct statement
          (A statement mark is independent of a reason.)
   S
          'n Punt vir 'n korrekte bewering
          ('n Punt vir 'n bewering is onafhanklik van die rede.)
          A mark for a correct reason
          (A reason mark may only be awarded if the statement is correct.)
   R
          'n Punt vir 'n korrekte rede
          ('n Punt word slegs vir die rede toegeken as die bewering korrek is.)

          Award a mark if the statement AND reason are both correct.
 S/R
          Ken 'n punt toe as beide die bewering EN rede korrek is.

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Mathematics/P2/Wiskunde/V2                          3                                      DBE/November 2017
                                 NSC/NSS – Marking Guidelines/Nasienriglyne

QUESTION/VRAAG 1

Time for 100 m sprint
(in seconds)
                           10,1 10,2 10,5 10,9              11     11,1 11,2 11,5           12      12     12,2 12,5
Tyd vir 100 m-naelloop (in
sekondes)
Distance of best long jump
(in metres)
                            8   7,7 7,6 7,3                 7,6    7,2    6,8        7      6,6     6,3     6,8      6,4
Afstand van beste sprong
in verspring (in meter)

1.1    a = 14,343… = 14,34                                                         value of a
       b = –0,642… = – 0,64                                                        value of b
                                                                                                               (3)
1.2     y = 14,34 − 0,64(11,7)                                                     substitution correctly
          = 6,85                                                                   answer
                                                                                                               (2)
       OR/OF
                                                                                  answer
       y = 6,83 (calculator / sakrekenaar)
                                                                                                               (2)
1.3    The gradient increases / Die gradient neem toe                              increases/neem toe
       The point (12,3 ; 7,6) lies some distance above the current data.           reasoning in words/
       /Die punt (12,3 ; 7,6) lê bokant die huidige data.                           redenasie in woorde
                                                                                                               (2)
                                                                                                               [7]

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Mathematics/P2/Wiskunde/V2                           4                                      DBE/November 2017
                                  NSC/NSS – Marking Guidelines/Nasienriglyne

QUESTION/VRAAG 2

              12     13      13    14     14     16     17    18     18        18    19     20

              21     21      22    22     23     24     25    27     29        30    36

2.1.1            472                                                               472
             x=                                                                 
                  23                                                                23
             x = 20,52 seconds / sekonde                                         answer
                                                                                                                (2)
2.1.2       Q 1 = 16                                                             Q1
            Q 3 = 24                                                             Q3
            IQR/IKO = Q 3 – Q 1
                     = 24 – 16 = 8                                               answer
                                                                                                                (3)
2.2         20,52 + 5,94 = 26,46                                                 26,46
             ∴ > 26,46
            ∴ 4 girls/dogters                                                    answer
                                                                                                                (2)
2.3
                                                                                 whiskers ending at 12 & 36
                                                                                 Q 1 = 16 & Q 3 = 24 (box)
                                                                                 Q 2 = 20

            12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30                                 36                                    (3)
2.4.1       Girls / Meisies                                                      answer                        (1)

2.4.2       Five-number summary of boys: (15 ; 21 ; 23,5 ; 26 ; 38)

            None of the boys / Nie een van die seuns nie                         answer
            5 girls completed in less than 15 seconds which was the              reason/rede
            minimum time taken by the boys.
            5 meisies voltooi in minder as 15 sekondes, wat die
            minimumtyd is wat die seuns geneem het.                                                             (2)
                                                                                                               [13]

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QUESTION/VRAAG 3

                                                 y          A

                                                                           1
                                                                    F 3 ; 3 
                                                                           2

                                                                         G

                                                                                                                     x
                                E            O

                                                                                                     C (8 ; –4)
        B (– 6 ; – 5)

3.1.1               y 2 − y1
             mFC =
                    x 2 − x1
                       1
                     3 − (−4)
                   = 2                                                          substitution of (8 ; –4)
                        3−8                                                              1
                       3                                                         & 3; 3 
                  = −                                                                    2
                       2                                                        gradient
             y = mx + c                      y − y1 = m( x − x1 )

                   3
             y=−     x+c
                   2
                     3                                    3
             − 4 = − (8) + c     OR/OF      ( y − (−4)) = − ( x − 8)            substitution of m and
                     2                                    2
                                                          3                      (8 ; –4)
             c =8                                y + 4 = − x + 12
                                                          2
                    3                                     3                     equation of AC
             y=−      x+8                            y=− x+8
                    2                                     2                                                    (4)

             OR/OF

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                                  NSC/NSS – Marking Guidelines/Nasienriglyne

                                                                                 substitution of (8 ; –4)
                                (− 4) −  3 1                                          1
                   y 2 − y1             2                                       & 3; 3 
            mFC =           =
                   x 2 − x1          8−3                                                  2
                      3                                                          gradient
                 = −
                      2
            y = mx + c                     y − y1 = m( x − x1 )                  substitution of m and
              1    3                         1     3                                 1
            3 = − (3) + c               y − 3  = − ( x − 3)                     3; 3 
              2    2                         2     2                                 2
                                              1     3      9
              c =8            OR/OF  y − 3  = − x +
                                              2     2      2                   equation of AC
                    3                                3                                                          (4)
              y=− x+8                           y=− x+8
                    2                                2
3.1.2       AC: 3x + 2y = 16 and BG: 7x – 10y = 8
            15x + 10y = 80                                                       method /metode:
            7x – 10y = 8                                                          solving simultaneously /
            22 x = 88                                                             los gelyktydig op
            x=4                                                                  x coordinate (x > 0)
            3(4) + 2y = 16
             y=2                                                                 y coordinate
            ∴G(4 ; 2)                                                                                           (3)

            OR/OF
                                            7     8
            BG: 7x – 10y = 8      ∴y =        x−
                                           10    10
                7      8   3                                                     method: equating
            ∴     x−     =− x+8             [CA from 3.1.1]                       metode: stel vgls gelyk
               10     10   2
            11     44
                x=
             5      5                                                            x coordinate (x > 0)
                x=4
            3(4) + 2y = 16                                                       y coordinate
                    y=2
            ∴G(4 ; 2)                                                                                           (3)
3.2         xA + 4                y +2    1                                      equation ito x
                     = 3 and A         =3                                        equation ito y
               2                     2    2
            ∴A(2 ; 5)                                                                                           (2)
            OR/OF by translation/deur translasie:
                                                                                 equation ito x
            xA = 3 − (4 − 3) = 2
                                                                                 equation ito y
            yA = 3 12 + (3 12 − 2) = 5
            ∴A(2 ; 5)                                                                                           (2)

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                                    NSC/NSS – Marking Guidelines/Nasienriglyne

3.3         The coordinates of the midpt of AB / Die koordinaat van
            midpt van AB is:
             2 + ( −6) 5 + ( −5)                                                 subst A & B into midpt
                      ;           = ( −2 ; 0 )                                    formula
                 2         2 
                                                                                   y coordinate = 0
            But the y-coordinate of E is 0
            ∴ E(–2 ; 0) is the midpoint of AB                                      E = midpt
            ∴ EF || BG [midpoint theorem/middelpuntst OR/OF                        Reason
                              line divides 2 sides of ∆ in prop/lyn                                               (4)
                              verdeel 2 sye van ∆ in dies verh]

            OR/OF
            The coordinates of the midpt of AB / Die koordinaat van
            midpt van AB is:
             2 + ( −6) 5 + ( −5)                                                 subst A & B into midpt
                      ;           = ( −2 ; 0 )
                 2         2                                                      formula

            AE = (−2 − 2) 2 + (0 − 5) 2 = 41                                       lengths of AE & EB
            EB = (−2 − (−6))2 + (0 − (−5))2 = 41
            ∴ In ∆ABG: AE = EB and AF = FG                                         AE = EB or E = midpt
            ∴ EF || BG          [midpoint theorem/middelpuntst]                    Reason
                                                                                                                  (4)
            OR/OF
            Equation of AB:
                          5 − ( −5) 
            y − ( −5) =             ( x − ( −6))
                          2 − ( −6 ) 
                        10      15          5    5
                 y +5=      x+          ∴y = x+
                         8       2          4    2                                 equation of AB
            x-intercept of AB:
                        5      5
                    0= x+          ∴ x = −2
                        4      2
            ∴ E(–2 ; 0)                                                            coordinates of E
                      1                     BG: 7x – 10y = 8
                    3 −0                            7      8
                                 7
            mEF = 2           =             ∴ y= x−
                   3 − (−2) 10                     10     10
                                                                                   gradient of EF
                            7                         7
            m EF = m BG =                   ∴ mBG =
                           10                        10                            gradient EF = gradient BG
            ∴ EF || BG
                                                                                                                  (4)

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                                 NSC/NSS – Marking Guidelines/Nasienriglyne

3.4                           1                                                  1
            Midpoint of AC =  5 ;                                              5 ; 
                              2                                                  2
            xD + (−6)           y + (−5) 1
                      = 5 and D         =
                2                  2      2
            ∴ D(16 ; 6)                                                         x value  y value
                                                                                                               (4)

            OR/OF                                                               method finding x
            by translation/dmv translasie:                                      method finding y
            D(16 ; 6)                                                           x value  y value
                                                                                                               (4)

            OR/OF
                    − 5 − (−4) 1              5 − (−5) 5
            mBC =              =    and mAB =         =
                     −6−8        14           2 − (−6) 4
                           1              1   34
            AD: y − 5 = ( x − 2) ⇒ y = x +
                          14             14    7
                           5             5
            CD: y + 4 = ( x − 8) ⇒ y = x − 14
                           4             4
            5           1     34                                                equating
              x − 14 = x +
            4          14      7
                                                                                x value
            ∴      x = 16
                                                                                y value
                   y=6
                                                                                                               (4)
                                                                                                              [17]

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                                 NSC/NSS – Marking Guidelines/Nasienriglyne

QUESTION/VRAAG 4

                                                                               y

                                                                                    R

                                                   P ( –4 ; 5)

                                                                    M
                                                                         θ                             x
              S                                                                     O

                                                                                    K(0 ; –3)

4.1.1               5 − (−3)
            mPK =                                                                   substitution P & K into
                     −4−0                                                            gradient formula
                  = −2                                                              gradient of PK

            PK ⊥ SR      [radius ⊥ tangent/raaklyn]                                 PK ⊥ SR OR r ⊥ tangent
            ∴ mPK × mRS = −1
                    1
            ∴ mRS =                                                                 answer
                    2
                                                                                                               (4)
4.1.2            1
             y = x+c
                 2
                1
            5 = (−4) + c       OR/OF     ( y − 5) = 1 ( x − (−4))                   substitution of m and P
                2                                   2
            c=7                          ( y − 5) = 1 x + 2
                                                    2
                  1                                 1                               equation
            y=      x+7                        y = x+7
                  2                                 2                                                          (2)

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                                      NSC/NSS – Marking Guidelines/Nasienriglyne

4.1.3           − 4 + 0 5 + (−3) 
            M             ;             
                2                2 
                                                                                       x value of M
            ∴ M(–2 ; 1)
                                                                                       y value of M
            r 2 = ( x 2 − x1 ) 2 + ( y 2 − y1 ) 2
            r 2 = (−2 + 4) 2 + (1 − 5) 2
            ∴ r 2 = 20                                                                 r 2 = 20
            ∴ ( x + 2) 2 + ( y − 1) 2 = 20 or ( 20 ) 2
                                                                                       equation
                                                                                                                    (4)
            OR/OF

                − 4 + 0 5 + ( −3)                                                    M (– 2 ; 1)
            M           ;          ∴ M(–2 ; 1)
                2             2   
            ( x + 2) + ( y − 1) = r 2
                    2          2

                                                                                       r 2 = 20
            (−4 + 2) 2 + (5 − 1) 2 = r 2
            ∴ r 2 = 20                                                                 equation
            ∴ ( x + 2) 2 + ( y − 1) 2 = 20 or ( 20 ) 2                                                              (4)

            OR/OF
                                                                                       M (– 2 ; 1)
              − 4 + 0 5 + ( −3) 
            M        ;           ∴ M(–2 ; 1)
              2           2     
            PK = (−4 − 0) 2 + (5 − (−3)) 2 = 80
                                                                                       r 2 = 20
                      80
               r=        = 20
                      2                                                                equation
                        2             2                2                                                            (4)
            ∴ ( x + 2) + ( y − 1) = 20 or ( 20 )

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4.1.4       tan θ = mPK = −2                                                      tan θ = −2
            ∴ θ = 180° – 63,43°
                  = 116,57°                                                       size of θ
            PK̂R = 116,57° − 90°         [ext ∠ of ΔMOK]
                                                                                  answer
                  = 26,57°                                                                                     (3)
            OR/OF
                                              R
                                        20
                                                  10
                                 P

                                         80
                                                       K
            In ∆RPK:
            PK = (0 − ( −4)) 2 + ( −3 − 5) 2 = 80

            PR = ( −4 − 0) 2 + (5 − 7) 2 = 20                                     lengths of PK, PR & RK
            RK = 10
                          PK 2 + KR 2 − PR 2 ( 80 ) 2 + (10) 2 − ( 20 ) 2         correct values into
            cos PK̂R =                      =
                               2.PK.KR               2( 80 )(10)                   cos rule
                       2 5
                      =
                        5
                PK̂R = 26,57°                                                     answer
                                                                                                               (3)
            OR/OF
                         20                                80
            sin PK̂R =                        cos PK̂R =                          lengths of sides
                        10    OR/OF                       10                      ratio
                PK̂R = 26,57°                     PK̂R = 26,57°                   answer
                                                                                                               (3)
            OR/OF
                          20                                                      lengths of sides
            tanPK̂R =                                                             ratio
                          80                                                      answer
               PK̂R = 26,57°                                                                                   (3)

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4.1.5       RS || tangent at K(0 ; – 3 )
                              1
            ∴ m PS = m tang =                                                      gradient
                              2
                   1
            ∴ y = x −3                                                             equation
                   2
                                                                                                                (2)
            OR/OF
                   1− 5
            mPK =          = −2
                  −2+4
            mPK × mtan g = −1           [radius ⊥ tangent/raaklyn]
                         1
            ∴ mtan g =                                                             gradient
                         2
                   1
            ∴y=      x−3                                                           equation
                   2                                                                                            (2)
4.2         t ∈ (−3 ; 7)                                                           – 3 (A)
                                                                                   7 (CA from 4.1.2)
            OR/OF                                                                  correct inequality
            −3<t <7                                                                                             (3)
                                                                                   – 3 (A)
                                                                                   7 (CA from 4.1.2)
                                                                                   correct inequality
                                                                                                                (3)
4.3                      1
            RS: y =        x+7    ∴ S(–14 ; 0)                                     coordinates of S
                         2
            SP = (−14 − (−4)) 2 + (0 − 5) 2 = 100 + 25 = 125                       length of SP
                         1                                                         correct base & height
            Area ∆SMK = . MK . SP
                         2                                                          into Area rule
                         1
                      = ( 20 )( 125 )                                              correct substitution
                         2                                                         answer
                      = 25 square units                                                                         (5)

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                                 NSC/NSS – Marking Guidelines/Nasienriglyne

            OR/OF

                                                        M(–2 ; 1)
                                                         θ
                                        β
                      S(–14 ; 0)

                                                        K(0 ; –3)

            Let β = inclination of SM/ inklinasie van SM
                      1
            RS: y = x + 7 ∴ S(–14 ; 0)                                            coordinates of S
                      2
            SM = ( −14 − ( −2)) 2 + (0 − 1) 2 = 145                               length of SM
                       1− 0       1
            tan β =            =      ∴ β = 4,76°
                    − 2 − (−14) 12
            ∴ SM̂K = 116,57° – 4,76°  [ext ∠ of ∆]
                   = 111,81°
                                                                                  size of/grootte v SM̂K
                          1
            Area ΔSMK = (SM)(MK).sinSM̂K
                          2
                          1
                        = ( 145 )( 20 ). sin 111,81°
                          2                                                       correct substitution into
                        = 24,9985 = 25 square units                                area rule
                                                                                  answer
                                                                                                          (5)
            OR/OF

                                                        M
                                            145
                                                             20
                    S(–14 ; 0)

                                                         K(0 ; –3)

                      1
            RS: y =     x+7      ∴ S(–14 ; 0)
                      2                                                           coordinates of S
            SK = (−14 − 0) 2 + (0 + 3) 2 = 205
                                                                                  length of SK
                       ( 145 ) 2 + ( 20 ) 2 − ( 205 ) 2    2 29
            cos SM̂K =                                  =−
                              2( 145 )( 20 )                29
               SM̂K = 111,80°
                                                                                  size of /grootte v SM̂K
                          1
            Area ΔSMK = (SM)(MK).sinSM̂K
                          2
                          1                                                       correct substitution into
                        = ( 145 )( 20 ). sin 111,81°
                          2                                                        area rule
                        = 24,9985 = 25 square units                               answer
                                                                                                           (5)
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                                 NSC/NSS – Marking Guidelines/Nasienriglyne

            OR/OF

            Produce KS to T
                     1                                                            coordinates of S
            RS: y = x + 7        ∴ S(–14 ; 0)
                     2
            SK = (−14 − 0) 2 + (0 + 3) 2 = 205
                                                                                  length of SK & SM
                                  2         2
            SM = ( −14 − ( −2)) + (0 − 1) = 145
                       3
             mSK = −       ⇒ TŜO = 167,91°
                      14
                     1
             mSM =       ⇒ MŜO = 4,76°
                    12
             MŜK = 180° − 167,91° + 4,76° = 16,85°
                           1                                                      size of /grootte v MŜK
            Area ΔSMK = (SM)(SK).sinMŜK
                           2
                           1
                         = ( 145 )( 205 ).sin 16,85°
                           2
                                                                                  correct substitution into
                         = 24,9985 = 25 square units
                                                                                   area rule
                                                                                  answer
                                                                                                           (5)

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QUESTION/VRAAG 5

5.1        sin(A − 360°).cos(90° + A)
              cos(90° − A).tan(−A)
                                                                                          sin A
             sinA(−sinA)
           =                                                                             –sin A
             sinA(− tanA)                                                                 sin A
               sin A                                                                      –tan A
           =
              sin A                                                                                  sinA
                                                                                        tan A =
              cos A                                                                                  cosA
           = cos A                                                                        answer
                                                                                                                       (6)
5.2.1        2          2
           t = ( 34 ) − (3)          2                                                    substitution
                                                                                          answer
           ∴t = – 5
                                                                                                                       (2)
5.2.2                −5
           tan β =                                                                        correct ratio
                     3
                                                                                                                       (1)
5.2.3                        2
           cos2β = 2 cos β − 1                                                            compound formula
                                     2
                        3                                                               substitution
                   = 2        −1
                        34 
                        9                                                               simplification
                   = 2  − 1
                        34 
                                                                                          answer
                        16          8
                   =−       OR −                                                                                       (4)
                        34         17
           OR/OF
           cos 2 β = 1 − 2 sin 2 β                                                        compound formula
                                            2
                                5                                                       substitution
                     = 1 − 2 −      
                                 34 
                             25                                                         simplification
                     = 1 − 2 
                             34                                                         answer
                         16           8                                                                                (4)
                     =−       OR −
                          34         17

           OR/OF
           cos 2 β = cos 2 β − sin 2 β                                                    compound formula
                                 2                 2
                      3        5                                                      substitution
                   =       −−     
                      34       34 
                      9 25                                                                simplification
                   =    −
                     34 34
                       16       8                                                         answer
                   =−     OR −                                                                                         (4)
                       34      17

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5.3.1      LHS = sin(A + B) – sin(A – B)
            = sin A.cos B + cos A.sin B – (sin A. cos B – cos A. sin B)              compound
            = sin A.cos B + cos A.sin B – sin A. cos B + cos A. sin B                 formula
                                                                                     compound
            = 2cos A.sin B
                                                                                      formula
            = RHS                                                                                              (2)
5.3.2      sin 77° − sin 43° = sin(60° + 17°) − sin(60° − 17°)                       60° + 17°
                             = 2cos 60°.sin 17°                                      60° – 17°
                                   1                                                 simplify
                             = 2 × × sin 17°                                           1
                                   2                                                
                             = sin17°                                                  2
                                                                                                             (4)
           OR/OF
           sin 77° − sin 43° = sin(60° + 17°) − sin(60° − 17°)                       60° + 17°
                             = (sin 60° cos17° + cos 60° sin 17°) −                  60° – 17°
                                                                                     expansion
                              (sin 60° cos17° − cos 60° sin 17°)
                                 3          1           3         1                     1
                             =      cos17° + sin 17° −    cos17° + sin 17°          
                                2           2          2          2                     2
                             = sin 17°                                                                       (4)
                                                                                                              [19]

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QUESTION/VRAAG 6

6.1
                                                                 y
                                                                                            (–90° ; –3)
                                                             1                              (0 ; –1)
                                f
                                                                                            x – intercepts:
                                                                                       x     –210° & 30°
      –270°      –210° –180°                 –90°            0       30°         90°        shape

                                                            –1

                                g
                                                            –2

                                                            –3
                                            (–90° ; –3)

                                                                                                                    (4)
6.2        cos 2 x = 2 sin x − 1
           1 − 2 sin 2 x = 2 sin x − 1                                                      cos 2 x = 1 − 2 sin 2 x
           2 sin 2 x + 2 sin x − 2 = 0                                                      standard form
           sin 2 x + sin x − 1 = 0
                    − b ± b 2 − 4ac                                                         using quadratic
           sin x =
                            2a                                                               formula
                      − 1 ± 12 − 4(1)(−1)
                   =                                                                        substitution into
                               2(1)                                                          quadratic formula
                  −1+ 5                     −1− 5
           sin x =          , since sin x =       < −1 has no solution                                              (4)
                       2                      2
6.3                −1+ 5
          sin x =           = 0,618...
                       2
          Reference ∠ = 38,17°
          ∴ x = 38,17° + k.360° or x = 141,83° + k.360° ; k ∈ Ζ                             38,17°
          ∴ x = 38,17 ° or − 218,17°                                                        141,83°
          y = 0,24                                                                         –218,17°
          ∴Points of intersection/snypunte:                                                 0,24
          (38,17 ° ; 0,24) and (−218,17° ; 0,24)                                                                (4)
                                                                                                               [12]

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QUESTION/VRAAG 7

                                            A

                                                                                                           y
                                                                                                                     E
                                                             k

                                        B                                               x
                                                                                             C
      D

7.1        AB̂C = 90°                                                             answer
                                                                                                               (1)
7.2       In ∆ ABE:
           AB
               = tan y                                                            correct ratio
           BE
           AB = k tan y                                                           value AB
          In ∆ ABC:
           AB                                                                     correct ratio
               = sin x
           AC
                  AB                                                              AC as subject and
           AC =                                                                    substitution
                 sin x
                 k tan y
               =
                  sin x                                                                                        (4)

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7.3                        180° − 2 x
           AD̂C = AĈD =               = 90° − x                                   90° − x
                               2
                    DC         AC
                        =                                                         subst into sine rule
                  sin2 x sin (90° − x)
                DC         AC
                        =
           2 sin x cos x cos x                                                     2 sin x cos x
                          AC(2 sin x cos x)                                        cos x
                     DC =
                                 cos x
                          k tan y 2 sin x cos x
                        =         .                                                substitution
                           sin x       cos x                                                                    (5)
                        = 2k tan y

          OR/OF
           DC 2 = AD 2 + AC 2 − 2AD.AC cos 2 x
                                                                                  substitution into cos rule
                 = AC 2 + AC 2 − 2AC 2 cos 2 x
                 = 2AC 2 (1 − cos 2 x)
                                                                                   factorisation
                 = 2AC 2 (1 − 1 + sin 2 x)                                         1− 2 sin 2 x
               = 4AC 2 sin 2 x
                                                                                   DC ito AC and sin x
            DC = 2AC.sin x
                     k . tan y 
                 = 2           .sin x                                            substitution
                     sin x 
                                                                                                                (5)
                 = 2k . tan y

          OR/OF
          DC 2 = AD 2 + AC2 − 2AD.AC cos 2 x                                      correct cos rule
                              2               2
                   k tan y      k tan y 
               = 2          − 2          cos 2 x                               substitution
                   sin x        sin x 
                 2k 2 tan 2 y 2k 2 tan 2 y                                         1− 2 sin 2 x
               =              −             (1 − 2 sin 2 x)
                    sin 2 x      sin 2 x
                 2k 2 tan 2 y 2k 2 tan 2 y                                         squaring and
               =        2
                              −      2
                                            + 4k 2 tan 2 y                          multiplication
                    sin x        sin x
           DC = 4k 2 tan 2 y
                                                                                        4k 2 tan 2 y
               = 2k tan y                                                                                       (5)
                                                                                                               [10]

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QUESTION/VRAAG 8

                         C                                                                              E
                                            1
                               2                   15°
                                                                                         1
                                                                          50°      2     D

                                                             1
                                                         F       2
                                                             3

                                    A                                      B

8.1.1       Ê = 50° − 15° = 35°        [ext ∠ of ∆/buite ∠ van ∆]                      S
                                                                                        S  R
            Â = 35°                    [alt ∠s / verwiss ∠e; CE || AB]
                                                                                                              (3)
            OR/OF
            Ê = 180° − (130° + 15°) = 35° [str line; ∠s of ∆/rt lyn;∠e van ∆]  S
            Â = 35°                       [alt ∠s / verwiss ∠e; CE || AB]     S  R
                                                                                                              (3)
            OR/OF
            B̂ = 50°        [∠s in same segment/∠e in dieselfde segment]                S
            Ĉ 2 + 15° = 50°     [alt ∠s / verwiss ∠e; CE || AB]
            ∴ Ĉ 2 = 35°
            Â = 35°         [∠s in same segment/∠e in dieselfde segment]               S  R
                                                                                                              (3)
8.1.2       Ĉ 2 = 35°       [∠s in same segment/∠e in dieselfde segment]               SR
                                                                                                              (2)
8.2         Ĉ 2 = Ê      [from 8.1.1 and 8.1.2]                                       S
            ∴ CF is a tangent to the circle [converse tan chord theorem]                R
            ∴ CF is 'n raaklyn aan die sirkel [omgekeerde raakl koordst]                                     (2)
                                                                                                             [7]

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QUESTION/VRAAG 9

                                        A

                         3x                                        H
                                                                              E
                                    12y                                              K

                                                                                                D
                  F
          2x

          B                         G
                                   8y

                                   C
9.1.1    AF 3 x 3                 AG 12 y 3
            =     =     &            =   =
         BF 2 x 2                 CG 8 y 2
           AF AG                                                                  AF AG
         ∴    =                                                                    =
           BF CG                                                                  BF CG
         ∴ FG || BC [conv prop th/omg eweredigh st. OR line
                    divides 2 sides of ∆ in prop/lyn verdeel 2 sye            R
                    v ∆ in dies verh]
                                                                                                     (2)
9.1.2     AG AH
            =             [prop theorem/eweredigh st; GH || CK OR             S  R
          GC HK
                       line || to 1 side of ∆/lyn || 1 sy van ∆]
         AG AE
            =         [prop theorem/eweredigh st; GE || CD]                   S
         GC ED
           AH AE                                                                                     (3)
         ∴     =
           HK ED
9.2      AE 3          AH 3
            =    and       =
         ED 2          HK 2
         AE 3          15      3                                               use of ratios
            =    and       =
         12 2          HK 2
                                             AD = 30                           AE = 18
         ∴ AE = 18 and HK = 10
                                             KD = AD – AH – HK                 HK = 10
         ∴ HE = AE – AH
              = 18 – 15                          = 30 – 15 – 10
              =3                OR/OF            =5
                                             EK = ED – KD                      HE = 3 or KD = 5
         ∴ EK = HK – HE
                                                 = 12 – 5
              = 10 – 3                                                         EK = 7
              =7                                 =7
                                                                                                     (5)
                                                                                                    [10]

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QUESTION/VRAAG 10

                                                                   O
                                                           1
                             M                                 2
                                    1
               T              2

                                                    V

                                                                       1
                                             W
                                                                       2 N

                                                                               S

10.1           Line from centre to midpoint of chord/                              R
               lyn vanaf midpt na midpt van koord                                                         (1)
10.2.1          OŴT = OŴS = 90° [radius ⊥ tangent/raaklyn]                       R
               ∴MN || TS           [corresp ∠s =/ooreenkomstige ∠e =               R
                                    OR co-int ∠s 180°/ko-binne∠e 180°                                     (2)
                                    OR alternate ∠s/verwiss ∠e]
10.2.2          M̂ 1 = N̂ 1  [∠s opp = sides/ ∠e teenoor = sye]                    S
                M̂1 = T̂       [corresp ∠s/ooreenk ∠e; MN || TS]        S
               ∴ N̂1 = T̂                                               S
               ∴TMNS is a cyclic quadrilateral [conv: ext∠ cyclic quad]  R
                 TMNS is 'n koordevierhoek [omgek: buite∠ kdvh]                                           (4)
               OR/OF
               M̂ 1 = N̂ 1    [∠s opp = sides/∠e teenoor = sye]         S
               N̂1 = Ŝ       [corresp ∠s/ooreenk ∠e; MN || TS]         S
                                                                        S
               ∴ Ŝ = M̂1
               ∴TMNS is a cyclic quadrilateral [conv: ext∠ cyclic quad]  R
                 TMNS is 'n koordevierhoek [omgek: buite∠ kdvh]                                           (4)
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