# Music Grade 12 P1 NSC June 2023 Question Paper (English)

> Grade 12 Music Paper 1 question paper from the NSC June Exam 2023 (English), 24 pages. Read online or get the free PDF download, memo linked when available.

- Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/music-p1-may-june-2023-eng/8a84d2cb-2535-422c-a296-b69ec0167c9f
- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Music
- Grade: Grade 12
- Document type: Question paper
- Year: 2023
- Exam period: NSC June Exam
- Paper: 1
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 24

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Music · Grade 12 · NSC June Exam · 2023. Question paper, 24 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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             SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS/
         NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATIONS

                                    MUSIC P1

                                       2023

                                                                     MARKS: 120

                                                                    TIME: 3 hours

CENTRE NUMBER:

EXAMINATION NUMBER:

     This question paper consists of 23 pages and 1 sheet of manuscript paper.

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INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1.         This question paper consists of FIVE sections, namely SECTIONS A, B, C, D
           and E.

2.         SECTIONS A and B are COMPULSORY.

3.         SECTION C: INDIGENOUS AFRICAN MUSIC (IAM), SECTION D: JAZZ and
           SECTION E: WESTERN ART MUSIC (WAM) are choice questions. Answer
           only ONE of these sections (SECTION C OR D OR E).

4.         Write all music notation in SECTION A in pencil and all written text in blue or
           black ink on this question paper.

5.         Answer SECTION B and SECTION C OR D OR E in blue or black ink in the
           ANSWER BOOK provided.

6.         Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
           question paper.

7.         The last page of this question paper is manuscript paper intended for rough
           work. Candidates may remove this page.

8.         Candidates may NOT have access to any musical instrument for the duration
           of this examination.

9.         Candidates must take note of the mark allocation for each question to provide
           enough information in their answers.

10.        Write neatly and legibly.

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MARKING GRID

           SECTION         QUESTION        MARKS   MARKER   MODERATOR
 A: THEORY OF MUSIC           1             15
    (COMPULSORY)
                              2             15
                              3             15
                              4             15
                           SUBTOTAL         60
                                   AND
 B: GENERAL MUSIC
    KNOWLEDGE                 5             10
    (COMPULSORY)
                           SUBTOTAL         10
                                   AND
 C: IAM                       6             20
                              7                5
                              8                5
                              9                5
                              10            15
                           SUBTOTAL         50
                                      OR
 D: JAZZ                      11            20
                              12               5
                              13               5
                              14               5
                              15            15
                           SUBTOTAL         50
                                      OR
 E: WAM                       16            20
                              17               5
                              18               5
                              19               5
                              20            15
                           SUBTOTAL         50

                         GRAND TOTAL        120

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SECTION A: THEORY OF MUSIC (COMPULSORY)                                  (90 minutes)

SECTION A must be answered on the QUESTION PAPER.

Answer QUESTION 1
AND QUESTION 2.1 OR 2.2
AND QUESTION 3.1 OR 3.2
AND QUESTION 4.1 OR 4.2.

QUESTION 1                                                               (25 minutes)

1.1        Identify TWO keys with the following key signature.

                                                                                               (2)

1.2        Write the key signature of Db major in the given clef.

                                                                                               (1)

1.3        Change the lower note to form a diminished fourth interval.

                                                                                               (1)

1.4        Name the inversion of the interval below.

                                                                                               (1)

1.5        Write a diminished triad found in the given major key.

                                                                                               (1)

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1.6        Write a major triad in second inversion on the given note.

                                                                                             (1)

1.7        Improve the grouping in the following TWO extracts.

           1.7.1

                                                                                             (1)

           1.7.2

                                                                                             (1)

1.8        The time signature changes in the extract below. Insert the correct time
           signatures at each of the asterisks (*) in the extract below.

                                                                                             (2)

1.9        Indicate the semitones and name the following mode.

           Mode:                                                                             (2)

1.10       Add EIGHT notes at (Y) to form a descending chromatic scale.

                                                                                             (2)
                                                                                             [15]

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QUESTION 2                                                                  (25 minutes)

Answer EITHER QUESTION 2.1 OR QUESTION 2.2

2.1        Complete the opening below to form a twelve-bar melody in ternary form for
           any single-line melodic instrument of your choice. Name the instrument and
           supply a suitable tempo indication. Add dynamic and articulation indications in
           appropriate places.

Instrument: __________________________

Tempo:         __________________________

The melody will be marked according to the criteria below.

                               DESCRIPTION                                 MAX.     MARK

Form and cadential points                                                    3

Correctness
                                                                             2
Beats per bar, note stems, grouping, spacing and accidentals
Quality
                                                                            10
Suitability of instrument, tempo, articulation, dynamics, musicality

TOTAL                                                                       15
                                                                                                    [15]

                                                OR

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2.2        Complete the opening below in sol-fa notation OR in staff notation to form a
           twelve-bar melody in ternary form for voice. Name the voice type and supply
           a suitable tempo indication. Add dynamic indications at appropriate places.
           Do NOT add lyrics. Use only ONE notation system.

Voice type:    __________________________

Tempo:         __________________________

The melody will be marked according to the criteria below:

                              DESCRIPTION                                      MAX.     MARK

Form and cadential points                                                       3

Correctness
Sol-fa notation: rhythmic and pitch indications                                 2
Staff notation: beats per bar, note stems, grouping, spacing and accidentals
Quality
                                                                                10
Suitability of range, tempo, dynamics, musicality

TOTAL                                                                           15
                                                                                                        [15]

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QUESTION 3                                               (10 minutes)

Answer EITHER QUESTION 3.1 OR QUESTION 3.2.

3.1        Study the extract and answer the questions.

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           3.1.1     Figure the chords at (a) to (h) on the score using Roman numerals,
                     e.g. iii6/iiib.                                                            (8)

           3.1.2     Name the key and the cadence which is formed at (Z).

                                                                                                (2)

           3.1.3     What is unusual about the chord at QUESTION 3.1.3?

                                                                                                (1)

           3.1.4     Name the types of non-chordal notes at (i) to (iv).

                     (i)

                     (ii)

                     (iii)

                     (iv)                                                                       (4)
                                                                                                [15]

                                             OR

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3.2        Study the extract and answer the questions.

           3.2.1     Identify the chords (a) to (h) and write the chord symbols in the
                     spaces provided above the staves, e.g. C/E.                               (8)

           3.2.2     Name the key and the chord progression (cadence) which is
                     formed at (Z).

                                                                                               (2)

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           3.2.3     Comment on the bass line in bars 1 to 4.

                                                                                              (1)

           3.2.4     Name the types of non-chordal notes at (i) to (iv).

                     (i)

                     (ii)

                     (iii)

                     (iv)                                                                     (4)
                                                                                              [15]

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QUESTION 4                                                              (30 minutes)

Answer EITHER QUESTION 4.1 OR QUESTION 4.2.

4.1        4.1.1     Demonstrate the use of a second inversion cadential chord to
                     embellish a plagal cadence.

                                                                                                  (3)

           4.1.2     Complete the four-part vocal harmonisation below by adding the
                     alto, tenor and bass parts.

The harmonisation will be marked according to the criteria below.

                             DESCRIPTION                            MAX.          MARK
Correctness
                                                                      11
Notation, doubling, spacing, voice leading
Chord progression
                                                                       9
Choice of chords, correct use of cadence
Quality
                                                                       4
Musicality, non-chordal notes, awareness of style, creativity
                                                                    (24 ÷ 2)
TOTAL
                                                                      = 12                        (12)
                                                                                                  [15]
                                                OR
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4.2        4.2.1     Complete the harmonic progression below by filling in chords in the
                     bass part. Use minims.

                                                                                                  (3)

           4.2.2     Complete the piece below by adding suitable harmonic material.
                     Continue in the style suggested by the given material in
                     bars 1 and 2.

The answer will be marked according to the criteria below.

                              DESCRIPTION                               MAX.      MARK
Correctness
                                                                          11
Notation, spacing, voicing
Chord progression
                                                                          9
Choice of chords, correct use of cadence
Quality
                                                                          4
Musicality, non-chordal notes, awareness of style, creativity
                                                                       (24 ÷ 2)
TOTAL
                                                                         = 12                     (12)
                                                                                                  [15]
                                                                  TOTAL SECTION A:                60
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SECTIONS B, C, D, E: GENERAL MUSIC KNOWLEDGE                                  (90 minutes)
Answer SECTIONS B, C, D and E in the ANSWER BOOK.
SECTION B: MUSIC INDUSTRY (COMPULSORY)
QUESTION 5
5.1         Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
            Write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (5.1.1 to 5.1.5),
            e.g. 5.1.6 E.
            5.1.1       Role players in the music industry include …
                        A   publishing companies and SAMRO.
                        B   recording companies and marketing agencies.
                        C   lyricists and song writers.
                        D   All the above-mentioned                                                 (1)
            5.1.2       An example of a collection agency in South Africa is …
                        A   SONY.
                        B   CAPASSO.
                        C   Universal Royalty Association.
                        D   All the above-mentioned                                                 (1)
            5.1.3       SAMRO administers …
                        A   performing rights.
                        B   mechanical rights.
                        C   needletime rights.
                        D   None of the above-mentioned                                             (1)
            5.1.4       Copyright ensures that a composer is paid when his composition is
                        legally …
                        A   arranged.
                        B   recorded.
                        C   distributed.
                        D   All the above-mentioned                                                 (1)
            5.1.5       Royalties are payments made to a …
                        A   proof-reader when music is published.
                        B   studio artist when music is distributed freely.
                        C   recording artist when music is broadcast.
                        D   music publisher when music is advertised.                               (1)
5.2        5.2.1    Explain the difference between mechanical and needletime rights.                (2)
           5.2.2    Give the name of ONE organisation in South Africa responsible for
                    administering mechanical rights and ONE for needletime rights.                  (2)
5.3        Name ONE digital music platform.                                                         (1)
                                                                        TOTAL SECTION B:            10

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Answer SECTION C (IAM)
OR SECTION D (JAZZ)
OR SECTION E (WAM) in the ANSWER BOOK.

SECTION C: INDIGENOUS AFRICAN MUSIC (IAM)

QUESTION 6

6.1        Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
           Write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (6.1.1 to 6.1.5),
           e.g. 6.1.6 E.

           6.1.1     Which band was formed by David Masondo and Zenzele Mchunu?

                     A   Malombo Jazz Men
                     B   Soul Brothers
                     C   Thee Legacy
                     D   Makgonatsohle Band                                                     (1)

           6.1.2     To which style of music does mqgashiyo refer?

                     A   Mbaqanga
                     B   Kwela
                     C   Isicathamiya
                     D   Malombo                                                                (1)

           6.1.3     Which ONE of the following is the typical harmonic progression of
                     kwela?

                     A   I–IV–I64–V
                     B   V–IV–I–V
                     C   IV–I64–V–I
                     D   All the above-mentioned                                                (1)

           6.1.4     Which ONE of the following scales is typically found in indigenous
                     African music?

                     A   Chromatic scale
                     B   Major scale
                     C   Pentatonic scale
                     D   Blues scale                                                            (1)

           6.1.5     Which ONE of the following instruments is NOT an idiophone?

                     A   Mbira
                     B   Kora
                     C   Xylophone
                     D   Cowbell                                                                (1)

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6.2        Explain the following with regard to indigenous African music:

           6.2.1     Melorhythm                                                                    (1)

           6.2.2     Divinity                                                                      (1)

           6.2.3     Ikati                                                                         (1)

6.3        Briefly describe a typical harmonic feature of indigenous African music.                (1)

6.4        Discuss drumming in traditional African music. Focus on the following
           contexts:

           6.4.1     The role of the master drummer                                                (3)

           6.4.2     Drumming as an accompaniment to dance                                         (2)

6.5        Indicate whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. Write down
           only 'true' or 'false' next to the question numbers (6.5.1 and 6.5.2).

           6.5.1     African music is mostly cyclical with multiple entries                        (1)

           6.5.2     African choral music is usually accompanied by piano                          (1)

6.6        Choose TWO instruments from COLUMN B that match TWO dances in
           COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A to I) next to the question numbers
           (6.6.1 to 6.6.9) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 6.6.10 J.

                       COLUMN A                                 COLUMN B
           6.6.1      Tshikona                       A   dithopana

           6.6.2      Borankana                      B   mbila mutondo

           6.6.3      Muchongolo                     C   matlawana

           6.6.4      Mohobelo                       D   ingulule

           6.6.5      Isitshikitsha                  E   xitende

           6.6.6      S'bhaca                        F   impempe

           6.6.7      Indlamu                        G   lesiba

           6.6.8      Iintlombe                      H   igubhu

           6.6.9      Dinaka                         I   impalampala                               (2)

6.7        Wena Wedwa is a modern isicathamiya song. State TWO features of the
           song that are NOT typical of traditional isicathamiya.                                  (2)
                                                                                                   [20]

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QUESTION 7

7.1        State TWO ways in which traditional kwela music changed after the 1950s.                (2)

7.2        State THREE typical kwela characteristics found in Spokes Mashiyane's
           Banana Ba Rustenburg.                                                                   (3)
                                                                                                   [5]

QUESTION 8

Discuss the role that Ladysmith Black Mambazo played in popularising isicathamiya.                 [5]

QUESTION 9
Explain how the social and political circumstances in the South African radio and
recording industries influenced the development of mbaqanga during the apartheid era.              [5]

QUESTION 10

African indigenous music is part of everyday life, a reflection of social circumstances.

Write an essay in which you describe the social context and the typical music elements
of South African indigenous music. Refer to the social context, rhythmic features,
melody and harmony.

You will be credited for the logical presentation of facts and the structure of your essay.

The essay will be marked according to the criteria below:

                         CRITERIA                                MARK ALLOCATION
 Social context                                                            4
 Music elements
  Rhythmic features                                                      4
  Melody and Harmony                                                     4
 Logical presentation and structure of the essay                          3
 TOTAL                                                                    15                       [15]

                                                                    TOTAL SECTION C:               50

                                             OR

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SECTION D: JAZZ

QUESTION 11

11.1       Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
           Write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (11.1.1 to 11.1.5) in
           the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 11.1.6 E.

           11.1.1     In a 12-bar blues the …

                      A    lyrics are in AAB form.
                      B    melody is in AB form.
                      C    chord structure is I-vi-ii-V.
                      D    B-section is expanded.                                                 (1)

           11.1.2     The following scales do NOT contain semitones:

                      A    Minor pentatonic
                      B    Major pentatonic
                      C    Whole-tone scale
                      D    All the above-mentioned                                                (1)

           11.1.3     The following female group is associated with both marabi and
                      mbaqanga:

                      A    The Mahotella Queens
                      B    The Flying Sisters
                      C    The Soul Sisters
                      D    None of the above-mentioned                                            (1)

           11.1.4     Abdullah Ibrahim is associated with…

                      A    The Jazz Epistles
                      B    Mannenberg
                      C    hard bop
                      D    All the above-mentioned                                                (1)

           11.1.5     Which of the following modes have a major tonic triad?

                      A    Ionian, Dorian and Lydian
                      B    Ionian, Lydian and Mixolydian
                      C    Aeolian, Ionian and Lydian
                      D    Aeolian, Ionian and Mixolydian                                         (1)

11.2       Explain the following:

           11.2.1     Polychord                                                                   (1)

           11.2.2     Swing                                                                       (1)

           11.2.3     Rhythm section                                                              (1)

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11.3       Name ONE international artist who influenced Abdullah Ibrahim's style.                  (1)

11.4       Early mbaqanga is a fusion of marabi and kwela influences. Give ONE
           characteristic of marabi and ONE of kwela that contributed to the style of
           mbaqanga.                                                                               (2)

11.5       Indicate whether the following statements about mbaqanga are TRUE or
           FALSE. Write down only 'true' or 'false' next to the question numbers
           (11.5.1 to 11.5.3).

           11.5.1      Mbaqanga is typically in common time.                                       (1)

           11.5.2      Only men are allowed to play in this style.                                 (1)

           11.5.3      Praise poetry sets the tone at the beginning of a typical mbaqanga.         (1)

11.6       Choose an item from COLUMN B that matches a style in COLUMN A.
           Write only the letter (A–F) next to the question numbers
           (11.6.1 to 11.6.4) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 11.6.5 G.

                       COLUMN A                                 COLUMN B
           11.6.1      Kwela                     A     a cappella

           11.6.2      Mbaqanga                  B     Spokes Mashiyane

           11.6.3      Cape jazz                 C     Manhattan Brothers

           11.6.4      Marabi                    D     Abdullah Ibrahim

                                                 E     Miriam Makeba

                                                 F     American Spirituals                         (4)

11.7       Write down TWO features of Cape jazz.                                                   (2)
                                                                                                   [20]

QUESTION 12

Briefly describe how the following elements are applied in Mra by Chris McGregor's
band, The Brotherhood of Breath:

   Instrumentation                                                                                (1)

   Melody                                                                                         (1)

   Rhythm                                                                                         (1)

   Style influences                                                                               (2)
                                                                                                   [5]

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QUESTION 13

13.1       State TWO ways in which traditional kwela music changed after the 1950s.                (2)

13.2       Name THREE typical kwela characteristics found in Spokes Mashiyane's
           Banana Ba Rustenburg.                                                                   (3)
                                                                                                   [5]

QUESTION 14

Write a paragraph in which you explore the historical significance of the Jazz Epistles'
contribution to South African jazz. Refer to the song Vary-oo-vum in your answer.                  [5]

QUESTION 15

Miriam Makeba was one of the first female artists to popularise African music
internationally.

Write an essay in which you discuss her career. Refer to her life in exile, name
influences on her style and the characteristics of her music. Refer to ONE album/hit in
your answer.

You will be credited for the logical presentation of facts and the structure of your essay.

The essay will be marked according to the criteria below:

                              CRITERIA                             MARK ALLOCATION
 Life in exile                                                            4
 Influences (national and international)                                  4
 Characteristics of her music                                             3
 Album/Hit                                                                1
 Logical presentation and structure of the essay                          3
 TOTAL                                                                    15                       [15]

                                                                    TOTAL SECTION D:               50

                                               OR

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SECTION E: WESTERN ART MUSIC (WAM)

QUESTION 16

16.1       Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
           Write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (16.1.1 to 16.1.5),
           e.g. 16.1.6 E.

           16.1.1     An Italian term for 'double the speed' is …

                      A       stringendo assai.
                      B       doppio movimento.
                      C       con moto ma non troppo.
                      D       sehr bewegt.                                                       (1)

           16.1.2     Which instrument is NOT part of a standard classical orchestra?

                      A       Viola
                      B       Saxophone
                      C       Timpani
                      D       None of the above-mentioned                                        (1)

           16.1.3     The camerata is associated with the origin of …

                      A       opera in Florence.
                      B       opera venues in Venice.
                      C       Baroque opera in Italy.
                      D       the da capo aria in Germany.                                       (1)

           16.1.4     Which ONE does NOT belong?

                      A       Alto clef
                      B       Viola
                      C       Piano
                      D       C-clef                                                             (1)

           16.1.5     Apart from The Magic Flute, … is another opera by Mozart.

                      A       Orfeo e Euridici
                      B       Phantom of the Opera
                      C       Rigoletto
                      D       None of the above-mentioned                                        (1)

16.2       Explain the following:

           16.2.1     Tutti                                                                      (1)

           16.2.2     Melisma                                                                    (1)

           16.2.3     Motive                                                                     (1)

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16.3       Name the instrument that was added to the standard classical orchestra by
           both Beethoven and Mozart.                                                         (1)

16.4       Name ONE similarity and ONE difference between a symphony and a
           symphonic poem.                                                                    (2)

16.5       Choose a key from COLUMN B that matches a composition in COLUMN A.
           Write only the letter (A–F) next to the question numbers
           (16.5.1 to 16.5.4) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 16.5.5 G.

                           COLUMN A                                COLUMN B
           16.5.1     Beethoven: Symphony No. 6:           A   F major
                      Thunderstorm
                                                           B   F# minor
           16.5.2     Beethoven: Symphony No. 6:
                      Shepherd's song. Cheerful and        C   F minor
                      thankful feelings after the storm
                                                           D   B minor
           16.5.3     Mendelssohn: Hebrides Overture
                                                           E   F# major
           16.5.4     Mozart: Der Vogelfänger bin ich ja
                                                           F   G major                        (4)

16.6       Write down the missing information regarding the duet Pa-Pa-Pa-Papageno
           from The Magic Flute by WA Mozart. Write down the answer next to the
           question numbers (16.6.1 and 16.6.2) in your ANSWER BOOK.

                CHARACTER               VOICE TYPE
                 Papageno                 (16.6.1)
                  (16.6.2)                Soprano                                             (2)

16.7       Write a definition of the specific work type (genre) of The Magic Flute by
           WA Mozart.                                                                         (3)
                                                                                              [20]

QUESTION 17

Write down TWO similarities and THREE differences between a symphony of the
Mannheim school and the Pastoral Symphony by Beethoven.                                       [5]

QUESTION 18

Explain the use of key in the following sections in sonata form:

18.1       First theme/subject

18.2       Bridge

18.3       Second theme/subject

18.4       Development

18.5       Coda                                                                               [5]

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QUESTION 19

Der Hölle Rache is one of the key arias in The Magic Flute by WA Mozart. Describe
this aria in a paragraph regarding character and voice type, tempo, mood and any
other specific features.                                                                         [5]

QUESTION 20

Felix Mendelssohn's Hebrides Overture is rooted in Classical style traditions and also
exhibits the characteristics of the early Romantic style period.

Write an essay in which you explain how each of these two style periods manifests in
this composition.

You will be credited for the logical presentation of facts and the structure of your essay.

The essay will be marked according to the criteria below:

                          CRITERIA                               MARK ALLOCATION
 Classical elements                                                      6
 Romantic elements                                                       6
 Logical presentation and structure of the essay                         3
 TOTAL                                                                  15                       [15]

                                                                     TOTAL SECTION E:            50
                                                                        GRAND TOTAL:             120

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