# Physical Sciences Grade 12 Paper 2 NSC November 2013 Memo

> Grade 12 Physical Sciences Paper 2 memorandum from the NSC November Exam 2013, 15 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

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- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Physical Sciences
- Grade: Grade 12
- Document type: Memorandum
- Year: 2013
- Exam period: NSC November Exam
- Paper: 2
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 15

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Physical Sciences · Grade 12 · NSC November Exam · 2013. Memorandum, 15 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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### Page 1

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                                    NATIONAL
                               SENIOR CERTIFICATE
                                   NASIONALE
                               SENIOR SERTIFIKAAT

                                    GRADE/GRAAD 12

                       PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY (P2)
                       FISIESE WETENSKAPPE: CHEMIE (V2)

                                        NOVEMBER 2013

                                        MEMORANDUM

 MARKS/PUNTE: 150

                          This memorandum consists of 15 pages.
                        Hierdie memorandum bestaan uit 15 bladsye.

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2     2                     DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

SECTION A/AFDELING A

QUESTION 1/VRAAG 1

1.1        Fractional distillation / Fraksionele distillasie                           (1)

1.2        Dehydration / Dehidratering / Dehidrasie                                    (1)

1.3        Collision (theory) / Botsings(teorie)                                       (1)

1.4        Reducing agent / Reduseermiddel                                             (1)

1.5        Homologous series / Homoloë reeks                                           (1)
                                                                                        [5]

QUESTION 2/VRAAG 2

2.1        C                                                                          (2)

2.2        C                                                                          (2)

2.3        A                                                                          (2)

2.4        D                                                                          (2)

2.5        B                                                                          (2)

2.6        C                                                                          (2)

2.7        A                                                                          (2)

2.8        D                                                                          (2)

2.9        B                                                                          (2)

2.10       C                                                                           (2)
                                                                                        [20]

                                                 TOTAL SECTION/TOTAAL AFDELING A:       25

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2     3                         DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

SECTION B/AFDELING B

QUESTION 3/VRAAG 3

3.1
3.1.1    A
         C                                                                                      (2)

3.1.2    B                                                                                      (1)

3.1.3    F                                                                                      (1)

3.1.4    F                                                                                     (2)

3.2
3.2.1    4,5-dimethylhex-2-ene  / 4,5-dimetielheks-2-een 

         OR/OF
         4,5-dimethyl-2-hexene  / 4,5-dimetiel-2-hekseen                                     (2)

3.2.2    2,3-dibromo-5-methylheptane  / 2,3-dibromo-5-metielheptaan                          (2)

3.2.3    4-methylpent-2-yne  / 4-metielpent-2-yn

         OR/OF
         4-methyl-2-pentyne  / 4-metielpent-2-yn                                               (2)

3.3
3.3.1    Esters                                                                                 (1)

3.3.2         H     H    H    H     H         O     H   H

        H     C     C    C    C     C     O   C   C     C   H 

              H     H    H    H     H             H     H
                                                                                                 (2)

3.3.3    Propanoic acid / Propanoësuur                                                          (1)

3.3.4    Sulphuric acid / Swawelsuur / H 2 SO 4                                                  (1)
                                                                                                 [17]

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2     4                              DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

QUESTION 4/VRAAG 4

4.1
4.1.1    Samples / Contents of bottle / (Type of) compound / functional group /
         homologous series 
         Monsters / Inhoud van bottel / (Tipe) verbinding / funksionele groep / homoloë
         reeks                                                                                       (1)

4.1.2    Boiling point / Kookpunt                                                                   (1)

4.2      ... comparable molecular mass. / ... vergelykbare molekulêre massa. 

         OR/OF
         ... under the same conditions ... / ... onder dieselfde toestande ...                       (1)

4.3
4.3.1    Q                                                                                          (1)

4.3.2    R
                                                                                                     (1)
 -
4.3.3    •    R has the highest boiling point. / R het die hoogste kookpunt. 
         •    In addition to weak Van der Waals forces, alcohols also have
              strong hydrogen bonds between molecules. 
              Bo en behalwe swak Van der Waalskragte, het alkohole ook
              sterk waterstofbindings tussen molekule.                                               (2)

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2     5                            DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

4.4       Higher than 
      - •     Structure:
              Longer chain length. / More C atoms in chain. / Greater molecular size. /
              Greater molecular mass. / Larger surface area. 
          •   Intermolecular forces:
              Stronger or more intermolecular forces /Van der Waals forces / dispersion
              forces / London forces. 
          • Energy:
              More energy needed to overcome or break intermolecular forces/ Van der
              . Waals forces / dispersion forces / London forces.
          Hoër as
      -   •   Struktuur:
              Langer kettinglengte. / Meer C-atome in kettting. / Groter molekule. /
              Groter molekulêre massa. / Groter reaksieoppervlakte.
          •   Intermolekulêre kragte:
              Sterker of meer intermolekulêre kragte/ Van der Waalskragte /
              dispersiekragte / Londonkragte.
          • Energie:
              Meer energie benodig om intermolekulêre kragte/ Van der Waalskragte/
              dispersiekragte / Londonkragte te oorkom of breek.

          OR/OF
          Higher than 
      -   •   Structure:
              Pentane has a shorter chain length. / Less C atoms in chain. / Smaller
              molecular size. / Smaller molecular mass. / Smaller surface area. 
          •   Intermolecular forces:
              Weaker or less intermolecular forces / Van der Waals forces / dispersion
              forces / London forces. 
          • Energy:
              Less energy needed to overcome or break intermolecular forces / Van
              der Waals forces / dispersion forces / London forces. 
          Hoër as
      -   •   Struktuur:
              Pentaan het 'n korter kettinglengte. / Minder C-atome in kettting. / Kleiner
              molekule. / Kleiner molekulêre massa. / Kleiner reaksieoppervlakte.
          •   Intermolekulêre kragte:
              Swakker of minder intermolekulêre kragte/ Van der Waalskragte/
              dispersiekragte / Londonkragte .
          • Energie:
              Minder energie benodig om intermolekulêre kragte/Van der Waalskragte /
              dispersiekragte / Londonkragte te oorkom of breek.                                     (4)
                                                                                                    [11]

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2     6                          DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

QUESTION 5/VRAAG 5

5.1      Alkenes / Alkene                                                                       (1)

5.2
5.2.1    C 4 H 10 + Cℓ 2  → C 4 H 9 Cℓ + HCℓ    Bal.                                          (3)

5.2.2    Halogenation / Substitution / Chlorination 
         Halogenering / Halogenasie / Substitusie / Chlorinering                                 (1)

5.2.3    Heat OR (sun)light (UV) / hf 
         Hitte OF (son)lig (UV) / hf                                                             (1)

5.3
5.3.1        H     H     H    H

        H    C     C     C    C     H 

             H     Br    Br   H                                                                  (2)

5.3.2    But-2-ene / 2-butene 
         But-2-een / 2-buteen                                                                    (2)

5.3.3
              H     H    H     H                           H   H   H     H
                                                                         
                                         
        H     C     C    C     C     H + H2          H     C   C   C     C  H

              H                H                           H   H   H     H
                                                                                                 (4)
5.3.4    Hydrogenation / Addition 
         Hidrogenering / Hidrogenasie / Addisie                                                   (1)
                                                                                                 [15]

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2     7                              DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

QUESTION 6/VRAAG 6

6.1
6.1.1      (Type of) catalyst / (Tipe) katalisator                                                   (1)
6.1.2      Rate (of reaction) / (Reaksie)tempo                                                       (1)
6.2        R
        - Fastest rate. / Steepest (initial) gradient or slope. /Produces oxygen faster/est
           / reaches completion faster OR fastest OR in a shorter time 
           Vinnigste tempo. / Steilste (aanvanklike) gradiënt of helling./ Produseer
           suurstof vinnigste/er/ bereik voltooiing vinnigste OF vinniger OF in 'n korter
           tyd.                                                                                      (2)
6.3        • A catalyst provides an alternative pathway of lower activation energy. 
             'n Katalisator voorsien 'n alternatiewe pad van laer aktiveringsenergie.
           • More molecules have sufficient/enough kinetic energy. / Meer molekule het
             voldoende/genoeg kinetiese energie. 
             OR/OF
             More molecules have kinetic energy equal to or greater than the activation
             energy.
             Meer molekule het kinetiese energie gelyk aan of groter as die
             aktiveringsenergie.
           • More effective collisions per unit time./ Rate of effective collisions
             increases.
             Meer effektiewe botsings per eenheidstyd./ Tempo van effektiewe botsings
             neem toe. /                                                                             (3)

6.4                                               Δ[H2 O 2 ]
           Average rate/Gemiddelde tempo =
                                                     Δt
                                                  0,0131 - 0,020 
                                               =
                                                     400 - (0) 
                                               = - 1,73 x 10-5 mol∙dm-3∙s-1 
                                                   OR/OF
                                                   1,73 x 10-5 mol∙dm-3∙s-1                           (3)

6.5        Less than / Kleiner as 
        - The concentration of hydrogen peroxide decreases as the reaction
           proceeds. 
           Die konsentrasie van die waterstofperoksied verminder soos wat die reaksie
           verloop.                                                                                   (2)

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2     8                             DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

6.6      Mark allocation/Puntetoekenning:
                   n             m             m
         • c=          or/of n =     or/of c =    
                   V             M             MV
         •    Substitute / Vervang (0,0200 - 0,0106) and/en 50 x 10-3 
         •    n(O 2 ) = ½n(H 2 O 2 ) 
         •    Using/Gebruik M = 32 in m = nM or/of cMV or/of a ratio calculation / ‘n
              verhouding berekening 
         •    Final answer/Finale antwoord: 7,52 x 10-3 g / 0,008 g / 0,01 g
         OPTION 1/OPSIE 1                           OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
             n
         c=                                        ∆c(H 2 O 2 ) = 0,0200 – 0,0106
             V
                                      n                         = 0,0094
         (0,0200 - 0,0106) =                 
                                 50 × 10 − 3        ∆c(O 2 ) = ½∆c(H 2 O 2 )
         ∴ n = 4,7 x 10-4 mol
                                                           = ½(0,0094) 
                                                           = 0,0047                   
         n(O 2 ) = ½n(H 2 O 2 ) = ½(4,7 x 10-4) 
                = 2,35 x 10-4 mol
                                                        m
                                                    c=        
                   m                                    MV
         n(O 2 ) =
                   M                                ∆m(O 2 ) = cMV
                    -4    m                                   = (0,0047)(32)  (50 x 10-3)
         2,35 x 10 =         
                          32                                  = 7,52 x 10-3 g
                                  -3
         ∴ m(O 2 ) = 7,52 x 10 g                              = 0,008 g
                     = (0,008 g) = (0,01 g)                  = 0,01g                                (5)
                                                                                                     [17]

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2     9                             DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

QUESTION 7/VRAAG 7

7.1       Low / Laag 
      -   Small K c value. / Klein K c -waarde. 
          K c is smaller than 1/ K c is kleiner as 1                                                 (2)

7.2       CALCULATIONS USING NUMBER OF MOLES:
          BEREKENINGE WAT GETAL MOL GEBRUIK:
          Mark allocation/Puntetoekenning:
          •  USING ratio/GEBRUIK verhouding: N 2 : O 2 : NO = x : x : 2x 
          •  Equilibrium/Ewewig: n(N 2 ) = initial/aanvanklik – change/verandering
             Equilibrium/Ewewig: n(O 2 ) = initial/aanvanklik – change/verandering    
          •  Equilibrium/Ewewig: n(NO) = initial/aanvanklik + change/verandering
          •  Divide n(N 2 ), n(O 2 ) & n(NO) by 5 dm3. 
             Deel n(N 2 ), n(O 2 ) & n(NO) deur 5 dm3.
          •  Correct K c expression (formulae in square brackets). 
             Korrekte K c -uitdrukking (formules in vierkanthakies).
          •  Substitution of concentrations into K c expression. 
             Vervanging van konsentrasies in K c -uitdrukking.
          •  Substitution of K c value. 
             Vervanging van K c -waarde .
                                                        -3       -3                -3
          • Final answer/Finale antwoord: 4,36 x 10 mol·dm  (0,004 mol·dm )

          OPTION 1/OPSIE 1
                                                            N2        O2           NO
                 Initial quantity (mol)
                                                            2          2           0
                 Aanvangshoeveelheid (mol)
                 Change (mol)                                                             ratio 
                                                             x         x           2x
                 Verandering (mol)
                 Quantity at equilibrium (mol)
                                                           2-x        2-x         2x 
                 Hoeveelheid by ewewig (mol)
                 Equilibrium concentration (mol∙dm-3)      2-x        2-x          2x
                 Ewewigskonsentrasie (mol∙dm-3)                                            Divide by 5 
                                                            5          5           5
                                                            2
                                                           2x 
                             2                             
                       [NO]                   -4           5            0,4 2
               KC =                ∴ 1,2 x 10  =                      
                     [N2 ][O 2 ]                      2 − x  2 − x    0,2 2
                                                                   
                                                      5  5 
               ∴ x = 0,0109 mol
                           2(0,0109 )
               ∴ [NO] =                = 4,36 x 10-3 mol∙dm-3  (0,004 mol∙dm-3)
                                 5

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Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2    10                                  DBE/November 2013
                                      NSC/NSS – Memorandum

       OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
                                                             N2         O2           NO
             Initial quantity (mol)
                                                              2            2          0
             Aanvangshoeveelheid (mol)
             Change (mol)                                      x         x
             Verandering (mol)                                                        x        ratio 
                                                               2         2
             Quantity at equilibrium (mol)                      x        x
             Hoeveelheid by ewewig (mol)                     2-       2-             x
                                                                2        2
             Equilibrium concentration (mol∙dm-3)            4-x       4-x            x
             Ewewigskonsentrasie (mol∙dm-3)                                                    Divide by 5 
                                                              10       10             5
                     [NO] 2
            KC =               
                   [N2 ][O 2 ]
                                          2
                                  x
                                   
                      -4
            ∴ 1,2 x 10  =        5          
                             4 − x  4 − x 
                                          
                             10  10 
            ∴ x = 0,022 mol

                        0,022
            ∴ [NO] =          = 4,36 x 10-3 mol∙dm-3  (0,004 mol∙dm-3)
                          5
       OPTION 3/OPSIE 3
                                                        N2            O2                  NO
       Initial quantity (mol)
                                                        2              2                  0
       Aanvangshoeveelheid (mol)
       Change (mol)                                 5x                 5x
       Verandering (mol)                                                                  5x
                                                     2                  2                            ratio 
       Quantity at equilibrium (mol)                   5x              5x
       Hoeveelheid by ewewig (mol)                 2-               2-                   5x 
                                                        2               2
       Equilibrium concentration /                 4 - 5x            4 - 5x
       Ewewigskonsentrasie                          10                                    x          Divide by
       (mol∙dm-3)                                                     10                             5
                     [NO] 2
             KC =              
                   [N2 ][O 2 ]

            ∴ 1,2 x 10-4  =
                                        (x )2           
                                4 − 5 x  4 − 5 x 
                                                 
                                10  10 

            ∴ x = 4,36 x 10-3 mol∙dm-3  (0,004 mol∙dm-3)

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2    11                                DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

         CALCULATIONS USING CONCENTRATIONS
         BEREKENINGE WAT KONSENTRASIES GEBRUIK
         Mark allocation/Puntetoekenning
         • Divide n(N 2 ) & n(O 2 ) by 5 dm3. 
            Deel n(N 2 ) & n(O 2 ) deur 5 dm3.
         • USING ratio/GEBRUIK verhouding: N 2 : O 2 : NO = 1 : 1 : 2 
         • Equilibrium/Ewewig: c(N 2 ) = initial/aanvanklik – change/verandering
            Equilibrium/Ewewig: c(O 2 ) = initial/aanvanklik – change/verandering 
            Equilibrium/Ewewig: c(NO) = initial/aanvanklik + change/verandering
         • Correct K c expression (formulae in square brackets). 
            Korrekte K c -uitdrukking (formules in vierkanthakies).
         • Substitution of concentrations into K c expression. 
            Vervanging van konsentrasies in K c -uitdrukking.
         •  Substitution of K c value 
            Vervanging van K c -waarde
         •  Calculate c(NO) i.e. 2 x answer of K c calculation. 
            Bereken c(NO) d.i. 2 x antwoord van K c -berekening.
         •  Final answer/Finale antwoord: 4,36 x 10-3 mol·dm-3  (0,004 mol·dm-3)

         OPTION 3/OPSIE 3

                                                      N2       O2             NO
          Initial concentration (mol∙dm-3)
                                                     0,4       0,4             0      Divide by 5 
          Aanvangskonsentrasie (mol∙dm-3)
          Change (mol∙dm-3)                                                           ratio 
                                                      x         x             2x
          Verandering (mol∙dm-3)
          Equilibrium concentration (mol∙dm-3)
                                                     0,4-x     0,4-x         2x
          Ewewigskonsentrasie (mol∙dm-3)

                [NO] 2
         KC =               
              [N2 ][O 2 ] 2

                                  (2x )2
         ∴ 1,2 x 10-4  =                        
                            (0,4 - x )(0,4 - x )
         ∴ x = 2,18 x 10-3 mol∙dm-3 (0,00218 mol∙dm-3)

         ∴ [NO] = 2(2,18 x 10-3) = 4,36 x 10-3 mol∙dm-3  (0,004 mol∙dm-3)
                                                                                                    (8)

7.3
7.3.1    Remains the same / Bly dieselfde                                                          (1)

7.3.2    Remains the same / Bly dieselfde                                                          (1)

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2    12                                   DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

7.4         Endothermic / Endotermies 
        -   • (An increase in K C implies) an increase in concentration of products. 
              ('n Toename in K c impliseer)'n toename in die konsentrasie van produkte.
              OR/OF
              (An increase in K C implies) that the forward reaction is favoured.
              ('n Toename in K c impliseer) dat die voorwaartse reaksie bevoordeel is.
              OR/OF                                                                                      (3)
              (An increase in K C implies) the equilibrium position shifts to the right.                 [15]
              ('n Toename in K c impliseer) dat die ewewigsposisie na regs geskuif het.
            • An increase in temperature favours an endothermic reaction. 
              'n Toename in temperatuur bevoordeel die endotermiese reaksie.

QUESTION 8/VRAAG 8
8.1
8.1.1       Au3+ / gold(III) ion 
            Au3+ / goud(III)-ioon                                                                          (1)
8.1.2       2Cℓ- → Cℓ 2 + 2e-                                    Notes/Aantekeninge
                                                                   2Cℓ- ⇌ Cℓ 2 + 2e-  (1 )
                                                                                          2
                                                                       -
                                                                   2Cℓ ← Cℓ 2 + 2e -
                                                                                     (0 )
                                                                                         2
                                                                            -
                                                                   Cℓ 2 + 2e ← 2Cℓ -
                                                                                     ( 2   )
                                                                                         2
                                                                   Cℓ 2 + 2e- ⇌ 2Cℓ- ( 0 )                 (2)
                                                                                         2
                                                         
8.1.3       Pt(s) | Cℓ- (1 mol·dm-3) | Cℓ 2 (g) || Au3+(1 mol·dm-3) | Au(s)
            OR/OF
            Pt(s) | Cℓ-(aq) | Cℓ 2 (g) || Au3+ (aq) | Au(s)
            OR/OF
            Pt | Cℓ- | Cℓ 2 || Au3+ | Au                                                                   (3)

8.2         Option 1/Opsie 1
            Eo cell = Eo cathode – Eo anode 
            0,14  = Eo cathode - (1, 36) 
            Eo cathode = 1,50 V 

            Option 2/Opsie 2
              2Cℓ- → Cℓ 2 + 2e-       E° = - 1,36 
            
              Au3+ + 3e- → Au         E° = +1,50 
                                     E° = 0,14 V                                                          (4)

8.3         Smaller than / Kleiner as 
        - Decrease or drop in potential difference or voltage due to internal resistance
            or ”lost volts”. 
            Val of afname in potensiaalverskil of spanning as gevolg van interne
            weerstand of “velore volts”.                                                                    (2)
                                                                                                           [12]

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2    13                                 DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

QUESTION 9/VRAAG 9

9.1      The chemical process in which electrical energy is converted to chemical
         energy.
         Die chemiese proses waarin elektriese energie omgeskakel word na
         chemiese energie.

         OR/OF
         The use of electrical energy to produce chemical change. 
         Die gebruik van elektriese energie om chemiese verandering te weeg te
         bring.                                                                                          (2)

9.2
9.2.1    Cr3+ + 3e-→ Cr(s)                                                                             (2)

9.2.2    Cr / chromium / chroom                                                                         (1)

9.2.3    Chromium(III) ions / chroom(III)-ione / Cr3+                                                   (1)

9.3      Mark allocation/Puntetoekenning:
                   m
         •    n=     or using ratio / of gebruik van verhouding 
                   M
         •    Ratio: 1 : 3 (1 mole Cr3+ gains 3 mole of electrons) 
              Verhouding 1: 3 (1 mol Cr3+ neem 3 mol elektrone op)
         •    Using M = 52 in m = nM or in ratio calculation. 
              Gebruik M = 52 in m = nM of verhouding berekening .
         •    Final answer/Finale antwoord: 0,52 g 
              m
         n=       
              M
          0,03     m                  m
                =     OR/OF 0,01 =    
          3        52                 52
         ∴ m = 0,52 g 

         OR/OF
         3 mol e- ........ 52 g  Cr
                             0,03 
         0,03 mol e-.......         (52)  = 0,52 g 
                             3                                                                          (4)
                                                                                                         [10]

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2    14                            DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

QUESTION 10/VRAAG 10

10.1     A solution which conducts electricty through the movement of ions. 
         'n Oplossing wat elektrisiteit gelei deur die beweging van ione.                           (2)

10.2     Pb(s) + SO 4 2-(aq) → PbSO 4 (s) + 2e-                                                   (2)

10.3     PbO 2 (s) + Pb(s) + 2SO 4 2-(aq) + 4H+(aq) → 2PbSO 4 (s) + 2H 2 O(ℓ)  bal. 

         OR/OF
         PbO 2 (s) + Pb(s) + 2H 2 SO 4 (aq) → 2PbSO 4 (s) + 2H 2 O(ℓ)       bal.                 (3)

10.4
10.4.1   OPTION 1/OPSIE 1                        OPTION 2/OPSIE 2
         Q = IΔt                                 W = VIΔt 
           = (7 500)  (3 600)                    = (300) (7500)  (3600) 
          = 2,7x107 C                              = 8,1 x 109 J 

         W = VQ 
           = (300)  ( 2,7x107)
           = 8,1 x 109 J                                                                           (5)

10.4.2   Eθ cell = Eθ cathode – Eθ anode 
                = +1,69 - (-0,36) 
                = +2,05 V

                      300
         No. cells =       
                      2,05
                    = 146,34 cells/selle

         ∴ 147 cells / selle                                                                        (5)
                                                                                                    [17]

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  Physical Sciences P2/Fisiese Wetenskappe V2    15                          DBE/November 2013
                                        NSC/NSS – Memorandum

QUESTION 11/VRAAG 11

11.1
11.1.1   Phosphorous / Fosfor / P                                                           (1)

11.1.2   Nitrogen / Stikstof / N                                                            (1)

11.1.3   Potassium / Kalium / K                                                             (1)

11.2
11.2.1   Haber (process)/(proses)                                                           (1)

11.2.2   N 2 (g) + 3H 2 (g)  ⇌ 2NH 3 (g)      bal.                                        (3)

11.3     The fertiliser contains two primary nutrients N/nitrogen and P/ phosphorous, 
         whereas the ammonium nitrate contains only N/nitrogen. 
         Die kunsmis bevat twee primêre nutriente N en P terwyl ammoniumnitraat
         slegs N bevat.                                                                      (2)

11.4     ANY ONE /ENIGE EEN
         • Fertilisers in water leads to eutrophication which can result in
           less drinking water / starvation due to dying of fish / less water recreation
           areas. 
           Kunsmis in water lei tot eutrofisering / eutrofikasie wat minder drinkwater //
           hongersnood weens visvrektes /minder ontspanningsgebiede tot gevolg
           kan hê.
         • Fertilisers in water leads to excess of nitrates in water 
           resulting in blue baby syndrome / cancer. 
           Kunsmis in water lei tot oormaat nitrate in water
           wat lei tot bloubabasindroom / kanker.                                             (2)
                                                                                             [11]
                                              TOTAL SECTION B/TOTAAL AFDELING B:             125
                                                     GRAND TOTAL/GROOTTOTAAL:                150

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