# Physical Sciences Grade 12 P2 Limpopo Mock 2025 QP

> Grade 12 Physical Sciences Paper 2 question paper from the Limpopo Mock Exam 2025, 17 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

- Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/physics-grade-12-nsc-p2-qp-september-2025-limpopo/dbd26fb2-2627-43a6-bda1-d3297ffdd05a
- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Physical Sciences
- Grade: Grade 12
- Document type: Question paper
- Year: 2025
- Exam period: Limpopo Mock Exam
- Paper: 2
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 17

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## About this document

Physical Sciences · Grade 12 · Limpopo Mock Exam · 2025. Question paper, 17 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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### Page 1

LIMPOPO

PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 12

f PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY (P2) i
5 SEPTEMBER 2025 s
a "
Pamarevara avate aY¥ute’ afave afiye mvairel bfete Tera Wave SIGTOTETATANa© eyete Kira ptere @7 ol’

MARKS: 150

TIME: 3 hours

This question paper consists of 17 pages, 4 data sheets.

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DoE/September2025

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Write your name and surname (and centre number if applicable) in the
appropriate spaces on the ANSWER BOOK/ANSWER SHEET.

2. This question paper consists of NINE questions. Answer ALL the questions in
the ANSWER BOOK.

Bh Start EACH question on a NEW page in the ANSWER BOOK.

4. Non-programmable calculators may be used.

5, Appropriate mathematical instruments may be used.

6. Leave ONE line between two sub questions, e.g. between QUESTION 2.1

and QUESTION 2.2.

7. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.

8. Data sheets are attached for your use.

9. Wherever motivations, discussions, et cetera are required, be brief.
10. Show ALL formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations.

11. Write neatly and legibly.

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### Page 3

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QUESTION1: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

fal

1.2

1.3

1.4

Four possible options are provided as possible answers to the following
questions. Each question has only ONE correct answer. Choose the correct
answer and write only the letter (A — D) next to the question number (1.1 — 1.10)
in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.11 E

Which one of the following compounds is unsaturated hydrocarbon?

A. CHsCH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2CHs

B. CHsCH(CH3)CH2CH2CH2CH2CHs3

C. CHsCH2CHCHCH2CH2CH2CHs

D. CH3C(CHs3)2C(CHs)2CH3 =
Which of the following is the functional group for ketones?

A. Carbonyl group.

B. Carboxyl group.

C. Formyl group.

D. Hydroxyl group. (2)
Which of the following pairs of organic compounds are chain isomers?

A. Butane and methyl butane.

B. Hexane and 2,2 ~ dimethyl butane.

C. 2—methyl pentane and 3 — methyl pentane.

D. Pentanoic acid and methylbutanoate.
Which one of the following compounds is a product of the cracking of
octane?

A. CH2CHa2.

B. CH3CH2Cl

C. CHsCH2Br

D.CHsCHO (2)

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1.5

DoE/September2025

The Boltzman distribution curve for a certain gas at constant temperature is

shown below:

Number of
molecules (n)

Kinetic energy

If the temperature of the gas is REDUCED by 20°C, the shape of the graph

changes.
What happens to the values of n for the kinetic energies Q, P and R?
Q P R
A Higher. Lower. Higher.
B Higher. Lower. Lower.
C_ | Lower. Higher. Lower.
D Lower. Lower. Lower.

(2)

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1.6 Consider the following hypothetical reversible reaction below:
M(g) + N(g) = O(g) + P(\)
Two experiments in which the production of O was measured were carried

out. The results are shown in the graph below. The same initial amounts of
M and N were used.

Amount

of O(g) Experiment 1

Experiment 2

Time(s)
What change in the conditions can explain the results shown?
A. A lower pressure was used in experiment 2.
B. A catalyst was used in experiment 2.

C. A higher temperature was used in experiment 2.

(2)

D. A lower temperature was used in experiment 2.
1.7 Which of the following statements is/are true regarding the equivalence point

of a reaction between ethanoic acid and sodium hydroxide?

(i) It is the point where the acid and the base have reacted so that neither

is in excess.
(ii) [Hs0*] = [OH]
(iii) pH =7
A. (i) only.
B. (i) and (ii).
C. (i), (ii) and (iii).

D. (ii) and (iii). (2)

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1.8 A beaker contains a dilute solution of hydrochloric acid. A second beaker

contains a solution of sodium hydroxide. Water is added to EACH solution.

DoE/September2025

What happens to the pH of each solution?

Hydrochloric acid solution Sodium hydroxide solution
A Decreases. Increases.
B Increases. Decreases.
(2)
Cc Decreases. Decreases.
D Increases. Increases.
1.9 Consider the galvanic cell represented by the cell notation below:

Ni(s)/Ni(NOs3)2(aq)//AgNO3(aq)/Ag(s)

Which one of the following describes the movement of ions between the two

half cells?
Positive ions Negative ions
A From Ni to Ag. From Ni to Ag.
B From Ni to Ag. From Ag to Ni.
[o} From Ag to Ni. From Ag to Ni.
D_ | From Ag to Ni. From Ni to Ag. (2)
y ti Which ONE of the half reactions below will occur at the POSITIVE electrode
during the electrolysis of CuCl2(aq)?
A. Cu** + 2e° > Cu
B. 2H20 + 2e — H2 + 20H
C. 2H20 — O2+4H* +2e°
D. 2Cl > Clo+ 2e (2)

[20]

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QUESTION 2

The table below represents organic compounds. Study the table and answer the

questions that follow.

A | HCHO B |CHs-CHBr-CH2-C(CHs)s
c | C(CHs)s p |CHs(CH2)2CHCH2
E | CxH, F | Methyl propanoate
2.1 Define the term chain isomer. (2)
22 Write down the:
2.2.1 Letter that represents a chain isomer of pentane. (1)
2.2.2 IUPAC name of compound B. (3)
2.2.3. IUPAC name of compound D. (2)
—— GENERAL FORMULA of the homologous series to which compound D (4)
belongs.
2.3 Draw a STRUCTURAL FORMULA of compound F. (2)

oA Write down a balanced equation, using MOLECULAR FORMULAE, for (3)
‘ the complete combustion of compound C.

2.5 To which homologous series does A belongs? (1)

26 Compound E is an alkane with an extra 20% of C-atoms than compound
‘ C. Determine the values of X and Y. (4)
[19]

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QUESTION 3

The melting and boiling points of the first four straight-chain alkanes are compared under

the same conditions.

Number of C atoms | Name Melting point | Boiling point
1 Methane 183 -162
2 Ethane -172 -89
3 Propane -186 -42
4 Butane -136 0
3.1 Define the term melting point. (2)
3.2 What CONCLUSION can be drawn from data in the table? (2)
3.3 How will the strength of intermolecular forces butane compare to its
isomer? Write only STRONGER THAN, WEAKER THAN or EQUAL TO. (1)
3.4 Is this comparison fair or unfair? Give a reason to your answer. (2)
as In which phase will propane be at room temperature? Write only GAS,
‘ LIQUID or SOLID. (1)
3.6 Explain the difference in boiling point between ethane and propane. (3)
[11]

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41

4.2

4.3

44

4.5

QUESTION 4

DoE/September2025

The flow diagram below shows different organic reactions.Compounds P, Q, R and S are

organic compounds.

Dilute KOH Camnaund P Cone. FeSO. Coamnaind R
Reaction 1
2-chlorobutane
Reaction 3
Conc. KOH aa oe a Compound S
In ethanol Reaction 4
Reaction 1, Write down:
4.1.1 The TYPE of reaction. (1)
4.1.2 IUPAC name of compound P. (2)
Consider reaction 2.
4.2.1 Write down the STRUCTURAL formula of compound R. (2)
4.2.2 Apart from concentrated sulphuric acid, what is the other condition for this

reaction to take place?

For reaction 3,

write down:

(1)

4.3.1 A balanced equation using STRUCTURAL FORMULAE for this reaction. (5)

4.3.2 | The IUPAC name of compound Q. (2)

Reaction 4: compound S is an alkane. Write down the:

4.4.1 TYPE of reaction. (1)

4.4.2 NAME or FORMULA of a catalyst needed for this reaction (1)

Compound §, can undergo cracking under certain conditions.

4.5.1 Define the term cracking. (2)

4.5.2 Except for high temperature and high pressure, what is the other

condition required for compound S to undergo cracking? (1)

[18]

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QUESTION 5

DoE/September2025

Rolaids is a tablet which contains calcium carbonate as one of the active
ingredients. A pharmacist wants to determine the rate of reaction between
stomach acid and Rolaids. He performs an experiment using calcium
carbonate powder and concentrated hydrochloric acid of concentration
0,1mol/dm’. He then performs the same experiment using a lump of
calcium carbonate of the same mass as the powder. The reaction takes
place according to the following chemical equation:

CaCOs(s) + 2HCl(aq) — CaCle(aq) + H2O(I) + CO2(g)

5-1 Define the term rate of reaction. (2)
52 What type of reaction takes place between the Rolaids tablet and
hydrochloric acid? (1)
5.3 The pharmacist repeated the same experiment using the same mass of
calcium carbonate lumps. Which factor affecting the rate of reaction is the
pharmacist investigating? (1)
5.4 What is the dependent variable for the investigation? (1)
55 In the second experiment 53cm® of carbon dioxide was produced in one
minute. Calculate the average rate of reaction in mol.s™. (5)
[10]
QIUESTION 6
6.1 The following reaction is one of the steps in the production of sulphuric acid:
2S02(g) + O2(g) = 2SOa(g) AH = -196kJ/mol
6.1.1 Define the term chemical equilibrium. (2)
6.1.2 In an industry, they mix a certain moles x of sulphur dioxide with 0,5 mol
of oxygen gas. The reaction proceeds until equilibrium is reached in a
2dmé* container. Upon analysis of the equilibrium mixture it was
discovered that a quarter (%) of the initial number of moles of oxygen
remains. The Kc value for this reaction is 10. Calculate the initial number 6)

of moles of sulphur dioxide that was in the container.

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6.1.3 Calculate the mass of sulphur dioxide that was sealed in the container. (3)

62 Certain changes were made to the equilibrium conditions. What effect will
they have on the yield of SO3? Write only INCREASES, DECREASES or
STAYS THE SAME.
6.241 Increase in temperature. (1)

6.2.2 Catalyst added. (1)

6.2.3 Pressure decreased. Use Le Chatelier’s principle to explain your choice. (3)

[18]

QUESTION 7
Ammonia is a weak base found in many household cleaning products.

TA Define the term weak base. (2)
In an attempt to determine the concentration of ammonia in a local carpet
cleaner, Thabo added 20 cm* of the carpet cleaner to a 250cm*® volumetric
flask and added water up to the 250 cm? mark. 31,2 cm° of this solution
was neutralised by 25 cm’ of sulphuric acid of concentration 0,02 mol.dm?

72 Calculate the concentration of hydroxide ions, OH’, in the acid. (4)
The balanced equation for the neutralisation reaction is;
2NHs (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) —— (NHa)2SOa(aq)

7.3.1. Calculate the concentration of ammonia in the household cleaner. (7)
At the equivalence point the pH of the mixture is not 7. State whether the

7.3.2 pH is ABOVE 7 or BELOW 7 and explain your answer using a relevant (4)
equation.

74 A diprotic weak acid ionises in water in two steps as shown in the two
equations shown below.

§ H2C2Oa(aq) + H2O(f) —————» — HC204"(aq) + H30* (aq)
Il HC2O4(aq) + H2O(2) —————*® —_C204?"(aq) + H30* (aq)
74.1 Define the term ampholyte. (2)
From the above reactions, write down the formulae of the:
7.4.2 Ampholyte. (1)
7.4.3 Two acids in equation I. (2)
[22]

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### Page 12

8.1

8.2

8.3

8.4

8.5

8.6

8.7

9.1

DoE/September2025

QUESTION 8

A galvanic cell is set up under standard conditions as represented by the

cell notation below.

Cr{Cr**(aq)||Sn**(aq)|Sn?*(aq)|Pt

Define the term galvanic cell. (2)

Write down the standard conditions under which this cell operates. (2)

Write down the formula of the:

8.3.1 Cathode. (1)
8.3.2 Reducing agent. (1)
What is the total concentration of tin ions in the electrolyte of the Sn half-
cell? (1)
Write down a balanced equation for the net cell reaction. (3)
Calculate the initial Emf of the cell. (4)
How does an increase in the initial concentration of Cr** ions affect the
voltmeter reading? Write only INCREASES, DECREASES or REMAINS
THE SAME (1)
[16]
QUESTION 9
Copper metal of very high purity is required to manufacture electrical
copper cables. The diagram below shows an electrochemical cell used to
purify copper.
| Impure copper
Pure copper <+—;—
es J Acidified solution
«/ of CuSO4
Define the term electrolysis. (2)

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DoE/September2025

9.2 Write down a balanced equation for the anode half reaction. (2)
om Which electrode is the positive electrode of the cell? Write only PURE
‘ COPPER or IMPURE COPPER. (1)
9.4 The impure copper contains zinc, silver, gold and nickel as impurities
9.4.1 Identify one impurity that may be oxidised. (1)
9.4.2 Explain your answer to 9.3.1 (2)
9.4.3. State what happens to the impurities that are not oxidised. (1)
A current was passed through the solution for a certain period of time. The
electrodes were weighed before and after electrolysis. The results are
shown in the table below.
Mass of impure Mass of pure
copper(g) copper(g)
Before electrolysis 600 150
After electrolysis 390 320
9.5 Use the information in the table to calculate the percentage purity of the (4)
impure copper.
9.6 What happens to the concentration of the electrolyte during the process? (3)
Explain your answer.
[16]
TOTAL: 150

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DoE/September 2025

NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE
NASIONALE SENIOR SERTIFIKAAT

DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 12

PAPER 2 (CHEMISTRY)
GEGEWENS VIR FISIESE WETENSKAPPE GRAAD 12
VRAESTEL 2 (CHEMIE)

TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS / TABEL 1: FISIESE KONSTANTES
NAME/NAAM SYMBOL/SIMBOOL | VALUE/WAARDE
Standard pressure 6

p 1,013 x 10° Pa
Standaarddruk
Molar gas volume at STP

Vin 22,4 dm*-molt
Molére gasvolume by STD
Standard temperature

T° 273 K
Standaardtemperatuur
Charge on electron

. e -1,6 x 107°C

Lading op elektron
Avogadro's constant

Na 6,02 x 1075 mot"
Avogadro se konstante

TABLE 2: FORMULAE / TABEL 2: FORMULES

m N
n=— =

M Na

Vv

c=" ORIOF c= n=——

V MV Var
GN, ne

=e H = - log[H30*

c.V, My p g[Hs0*]

Kw = [H3O*][OH] = 1 x 10° at/by 298 K

@ _ fe _ Fe 0 0 0
Eee = Fated Erode TE Set = Exatode — E anode

Or/of

0 @ 8
Fey == E reduction — E™ oxidation /E® ER

sel — Freduksie

ae ie

oksidasie

Or/of
_E?°

6 _fé 0 _fd 9
E cet ~ ESaanag agent reducing agent TE Se ~ Eoesiaese middel ~ Eretusaar middel

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### Page 15

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### Page 16

Increasing oxidising ability/ Toenemende oksiderende vermoé

Copyright reserved

TABLE 4A: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS
TABEL 4A: STANDAARD REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE

Half-reactions/Halfreaksies = (Vv)
F2(g) + 2e 2F- + 2,87
Co*+e = Co* + 1,81
H202+ 2H*+2e = 2H20 +1,77
MnO 4 +8H*+5e = Mn*+4H20 $1.51
Ch(g)+2e = 2Cf + 1,36
CrO? +44Ht+6e = 2Cr*+7H,O | +1,33
O2(g) + 4H* + 4e 2H20 + 1,23
MnO2+ 4H*+2e° = Mn? +2H20 +1,23
Pt*+2e = Pt + 1,20
Bro(t)+2e = 2Br +1,07
NO, +4H*+3e = NO(g) + 2H2O + 0,96
Hg**+2e = Hog(t) +0,85
Agite = Ag +0,80
NO, +2H*+e = NOx(g)+H20 | +0,80
Fe* +e Fe* +0,77
O2x(g) + 2H* + 2e° = H202 + 0,68
le+2e = 2b + 0,54
Cui +e Cu + 0,52
SO2+4H*+4e = S$+2H,O +0,45
2H,0+0O2+4e = 40H- +0,40
Cu*+2e = Cu + 0,34
soz +4Ht+2e° + SOx(g)+2H20 | +0,17
Cu+e-> = Cut + 0,16
Sn‘** + 2e Sn?* +0,15
S+2H*+2e = HpS(g) +0,14
2H*+2e = Hag) 0,00
Fe*+3e = Fe — 0,06
Pb?*+2e = Pb -0,13
Sn*+2e = Sn ~0,14
Ni* + 2e Ni — 0,27
Co*+2e = Co — 0,28
Cd**+2e = Cd —0,40
Cr+ +e Cr’ -0,41
Fe*+2e = Fe —0,44
Cr++3e = Cr -0,74
Zn*+2e = Zn —0,76
2H20 + 2e = H2(g) + 20H —0,83
Crt++2e = Cr —0,91
Mn? +2e- = Mn —1,18
AU+3e = AL — 1,66
Mg?*+2e = Mg ~ 2,36
Nat+e = Na —2,71
Ca?* + 2e- Ca — 2,87
Srt+2e = Sr — 2,89
Ba%*+2e = Ba - 2,90
Cst+e Cs ~2,92
Kite = K ~2,93
Lite = Li — 3,05

DoE/September 2025

Increasing reducing ability/Toenemende reduserende vermoé

### Page 17

Increasing oxidising ability/ Toenemende oksiderende vermoé

Copyright reserved

TABLE 4B: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS
TABEL 4B: STANDAARD REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE

Half-reactions/Halfreaksies = (V)
Lite = Li ~ 3,05
Ktte = K — 2,93
Cst+e = Cs — 2,92
Ba’*+2e = Ba — 2,90
Sr++2e = Sr — 2,89
Ca** + 2e Ca ~ 2,87
Na*+e = Na —2,71
Mg**+2e° = Mg — 2,36
AS + 3e At — 1,66
Mn? +2e° = Mn ~ 1,18
Cr++2e- = Cr -0,91
2H20 + 2e = H2(g) + 20H — 0,83
Zn**+2e = Zn —0,76
Cr++3e = Cr —0,74
Fet+2e = Fe ~ 0,44
Ce++e = Cr+ —0,41
Cd**+2e = Cd —0,40
Co**+2e = Co —0,28
Ni +2e = Ni ~0,27
Sn**+2e = Sn — 0,14
Pb?* + 2e- Pb ~ 0,13
Fe* + 3e Fe — 0,06
2H*+2e = Hy2(g) 0,00
S+2H*+2e = HeS(g) +0,14
Sn*+2e = Sn* +0,15
Cue +e = Cut + 0,16
SO; +4H*+2e = $02(g)+2H:0 | +0,17
Cu*+2e = Cu + 0,34
2H20 +O2+4e- = 40H- +0,40
SQ,+4H*+4e = S+2H0 +0,45
Cu’+e = Cu +0,52
h+2e = 2i +0,54
O.(g) +2H*+2e = HeO2 + 0,68
Fe*+e- = Fer +0,77
NO; +2H*+e- = NO2(g) + H20 + 0,80
Ag'te = Ag +0,80
Hg +2e- = Hg(t) +0,85
NO, +4H*+3e = NO(g)+2H20 + 0,96
Br(t)+2e = 2Br +1,07
Ptt+2e = Pt + 1,20
MnO2+ 4H*+2e == Mn** + 2H20 +1,23
O2(g)+4H*+4e° = 2H2O + 1,23
CrO? +14H'+6e = 2Cr*+7H.O | +1,33
Ch(g)+2e = 2Ch + 1,36
MnO, +8H*+5e = Mn*+4H20 + 1,51
H2O2+2H*+2e = 2HO 44,77
Co*¥+e = Co* + 1,81
Fo(g)+2e = 2F- + 2,87

DoE/September 2025

Increasing reducing ability/ Toenemende reduserende vermoé

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- [Grade 12 past papers](https://www.hlayiso.com/grade-12/past-papers)

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