# Physical Sciences Grade 12 P2 Eastern Cape June 2025 Memo

> Grade 12 Physical Sciences Paper 2 memorandum from the Eastern Cape June Exam 2025, 15 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

- Page: https://www.hlayiso.com/library/pysical-sciences-p2-memo-afreng-watermark/cb0c7842-3512-4579-a012-a91b31f09008
- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Physical Sciences
- Grade: Grade 12
- Document type: Memorandum
- Year: 2025
- Exam period: Eastern Cape June Exam
- Paper: 2
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 15

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Physical Sciences · Grade 12 · Eastern Cape June Exam · 2025. Memorandum, 15 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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### Page 1

NATIONAL
                      SENIOR CERTIFICATE/
                          NASIONALE
                      SENIOR SERTIFIKAAT

                          GRADE/GRAAD 12

                          JUNE/JUNIE 2025

          PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY P2/
           FISIESE WETENSKAPPE: CHEMIE V2
          MARKING GUIDELINE/NASIENRIGLYN

MARKS/PUNTE:   150

                     This marking guideline consists of 15 pages./
                      Hierdie nasienriglyn bestaan uit 15 bladsye.

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2                   PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2          (EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)

QUESTION/VRAAG 1

1.1     B                                                                               (2)

1.2     D                                                                               (2)

1.3     D                                                                               (2)

1.4     B                                                                               (2)

1.5     C                                                                               (2)

1.6     C                                                                               (2)

1.7     B                                                                               (2)

1.8     D                                                                               (2)

1.9     C                                                                               (2)

1.10    B                                                                               (2)
                                                                                       [20]

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(EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)             PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                        3

QUESTION/VRAAG 2

2.1     A bond or an atom or a group of atoms that determine(s) the physical and
        chemical properties of a group of organic compounds.

          Binding of atoom of groep atome wat die fisiese en chemiese
        eienskappe van groep organiese verbindings bepaal.                                         (2)

2.2     2.2.1     A                                                                                (1)

        2.2.2     C                                                                                (1)

        2.2.3     B                                                                                (1)

2.3     2.3.1     3-methylbutanal                Marking criteria/Nasienkriteria:
                  3-metielbutanaal                  Butanal / butanaal
                                                    Whole name correct / Hele naam korrek
                                                                                                   (2)

        2.3.2     4-methylpent-2-yne             Marking criteria/Nasienkriteria:
                  4-metielpent-2-yn                 Pent-2-yne / pent-2-yn
                                                    Whole name correct / Hele naam korrek
                  OR/OF

                  4-methyl-2-pentyne
                  4-metiel-2-pentyn                                                                (2)

        2.3.3     2,3-dibromo-4-ethylhexane
                  2,3-dibromo-4-etielheksaan
                   Marking criteria/Nasienkriteria:
                      Hexane / heksaan
                      dibromo and ethyl / dibromo en etiel
                      Whole name correct / Hele naam korrek
                                                                                                   (3)

2.4     2.4.1                                                  Markingcriteria
                        H    H         O    H     H            /Nasienkriteria
                                                                  Correct functional group /
                  H     C    C         C    C      C    H         Funksionele groep korrek
                                                                  1/2
                                                                  Whole structure correct/
                       H                    H      H              Hele struktuur korrek 2/2

                       H    C      H

                             H                                                                     (2)

        2.4.2     Esterification / Condensation / Esterifikasie / Kondensasie                      (1)

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4                   PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                            (EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)

     2.4.3
                                                                   Marking criteria/Nasienkriteria
                    H     H        H       O                          Correct functional group /
                                                                      Funksionele groep korrek
              H     C    C         C        C      O      H           1/2
                                                                      Whole structure correct/ Hele
                    H     H        H                                  struktuur korrek 2/2
                                                                                                            (2)

2.5 2.5.1                     M
               43,24 =                 x   100
                              74

              M = 31,9976

              M = 32 g·mol-1
              M(O) = 16 g·mol-1

              CxHyO2
              Organic compound is either carboxylic acid or ester.
              Organiese verbinding is karboksiesuur of ester.

              General formula / Algemene formule: CnH2nO2

              12 x n + 2 x n + 32 = 74

              n=3

              C3H6O2                                                                                        (3)

     2.5.2
                    H         O                H                      O          H     H

              H    C         C         O       C   H      OR/ H C          O     C     C       H
                                                          OF
                    H                          H                                 H     H

              AND/EN
                                   H       H       O

                              H    C       C       C       O      H

                                   H       H
                                                       Marking criteria/Nasienkriteria
                                                          Correct functional group / Funksionele
                                                          groep korrek 1/2
                                                          Whole structure correct/ Hele struktuur
                                                          korrek 2/2
                                                                                                           (4)
                                                                                                          [24]

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(EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)         PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                       5

QUESTION/VRAAG 3

       Marking criteria/ Nasienkriteria
       If any of the underlined key words/ phrases in the correct context are omitted:
       - 1 mark per word/phrase.
       Indien enige van die sleutelwoorde/ frases in die korrekte konteks weggelaat
       word: - 1 punt per woord/frase.

3.1    Boiling point is the temperature at which the vapour pressure of a substance
       /liquid equal the atmospheric pressure

       Kookpunt is die temperatuur waarteen die dampdruk van       stof/vloeistof gelyk
       aan die atmosferiesedruk is                                                            (2)

3.2    Same functional group / Same homologous series
       Dieselfde funksionele groep / Dieselfde homoloëreeks
       Accept same type of intermolecular forces/Aanvaar dieselfde tipe van
       intermolekulêre kragte                                                                 (1)

3.3    Marking criteria
         The boiling point increases down the table
         Chain length / molecular size increases down the table
         Increase in the strength of the London forces/Dispersion forces/Induced
         dipole forces / down the table
         Relate the strength of London forces /dispersion forces/induced dipole to
         energy involved

       Nasienkriteria
         Die kookpunt styg teen die tafel af
         Kettinglengte / molekulêre grootte neem teen die tabel af
         Toename in die sterkte van die Londonkragte /Dispersiekragte
         /Geïnduseerde dipoolkragte / teen die tabel af
         Verband hou met die sterkte van die Londonkragte/ verspreidingskrag/
                             kragte met die energie betrokke

           The trend shows an increase in the boiling point down the table
           Increase in the surface area/chain length/molecular size down the table
           Strength of London forces/dispersion forces/induced dipole forces /
           increases
           More energy is needed to overcome intermolecular forces

           Die tendens toon toename in die kookpunt teen die tabel af
           Toename in die oppervlakte/ketting lengte/molekulêre grootte teen die tabel
           af
           Sterkte van die Londonkragte/v
           dipoolkragte neem toe
           Meer energie word benodig om die intermolekulêre kragte te oorkom                  (4)

3.4    Decreases. The boiling point increases.
       Afneem. Die kookpunt neem toe.                                                         (2)

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6                   PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                (EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)

3.5    2-methylpropan-1-ol / 2-methyl-1-propanol
                                                         Marking criteria/Nasienkriteria:
       2-metielpropan-1-ol/ 2-metiel-1-propanol             Propan-1-ol
                                                            Whole name correct / Hele
                                                            naam korrek
                                                                                                (2)

3.6    Marking criteria
         Compare the boiling point of the alcohol to the alcohol with 3-carbon atom
         alcohol
         Compare the surface area/chain length/molecular size of the alcohol to the
         alcohol with 3-carbon atoms
         Compare the boiling point of the alcohol to the alcohol with 4-carbon atoms
         Compare the surface area/chain length of the alcohol to the alcohol with
         4-carbon atoms

          Nasienkriteria
          Vergelyk die kookpunt van die alkohol met die 3-koolstof atoom alkohol
          Vergelyk die oppervlakte/kettinglengte/molekulêre grootte van die alkohol
          met die 3-koolstof atoom alkohol
          Vergelyk die kookpunt van die alkohol met die 4-koolstof atoom alkohol
          Vergelyk die oppervlakte/kettinglengte van die alkohol met die 4-koolstof
          atoom alkohol

          The boiling point of the unknown alcohol (2-methylpropan-1-ol) is higher
          than that of the alcohol with 3-carbon atoms (propan-1-ol)
          Surface area / chain length / molecular size is greater than the alcohol with
          3-carbon atoms (propan-1-ol)
          The boiling point of the unknown alcohol (2-methylpropan-1-ol) is smaller
          than that of the straight chain alcohol with 4-carbon atoms (butan-1-ol)
          Surface area / chain length is smaller than the straight chain alcohol with
          4-carbon atoms (butan-1-ol)

          Die kookpunt van die onbekende alkohol (2-metielpropan-1-ol) is hoër as
          dié alkohol met 3-koolstofatome (propan-1-ol)
          Oppervlakte / kettinglengte / molekulêre grootte is grootter as die alkohol
          met 3-koolstof atome (propan-1-ol)
          Die kookpunt van die onbekende alkohol (2-metielpropan-1-ol) is laer as
          die reguitketting alkohol met 4-koolstofatome (butan-1-ol)
          Oppervlakte / kettinglengte is kleiner as die reguitketting alkohol met
          4-koolstof atome (butan-1-ol)                                                          (4)
                                                                                                [15]

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(EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)           PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                             7

QUESTION/VRAAG 4

4.1    4.1.1     Breaking down of long chain hydrocarbon molecules into more useful
                 shorter chains     (2 or 0)
                 Die afbreek van lang kettingkoolwaterstof-molekules in meer bruikbare,
                 molekule korter kettings (2 of 0)                                                     (2)

       4.1.2     C2H4                                                                                  (2)

       4.1.3     Used as a fuel / Word as     brandstof gebruik                                        (1)

       4.1.4     C5H12 + 8 O2               5 CO2 + 6 H2O         (     bal.)

                 Reactants, products and balancing
                 Reaktanse, produkte en balansering                                                    (3)

4.2    4.2.1     2-bromopentane / 2-bromopentaan                                                       (2)

       4.2.2     Substitution/ Hydrolysis of haloalkanes / Substitusie / Hydrolise van
                 haloalkane                                                                            (1)

       4.2.3     Diluted strong base / diluted NaOH
                 Verdunde sterk basis / verdunde NaOH                                                  (1)

       4.2.4                       H                Marking criteria/Nasienkriteria
                                                       Correct functional group / Funksionele
                       H   H   H    O   H              groep korrek 1/2
                                                       Whole structure correct/ Hele struktuur
                 H C       C   C   C    C     H        korrek 2/2

                       H   H   H    H   H
                                                                                                       (2)

       4.2.5     Dehydration / Dehidrasie / Dihidratering                                              (1)

                                                    Marking criteria/Nasienkriteria
       4.2.6           H   H H      H   H              Correct functional group / Funksionele
                                                       groep korrek 1/2
                 H C       C   C   C    C     H        Whole structure correct/ Hele struktuur
                                                       korrek 2/2
                       H   H            H                                                              (2)
                                                                                                      [17]

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8                   PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                (EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)

QUESTION/VRAAG 5

5.1    EXOTHERMIC / EKSOTERMIES.                           0                                   (2)

5.2    Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas escapes / Koolstof dioksied (CO2) gas ontsnap                  (2)

5.3    189 g    Accept/Anvaar (188,5          189)                                             (1)

5.4    5.4.1   11 (minutes / minute) accept/ aanvaar 10 (minutes / minute)                     (1)

       5.4.2   EQUAL TO

               The amount of CaCO3 consumed is equal to the amount of CO2
               produced / the mol ratio of CaCO 3 to CO2 is 1 : 1.

               The time taken for consumption and production is the same.

               GELYK AAN

               Die hoeveelheid CaCO3 verbruik is gelyk aan die hoeveelheid CO2
               vervaardig / die molverhouding van CaCO3 tot CO2 is 1 : 1.

               Die tyd geneem vir die verbuik en vervaardiging is dieselfde.                   (3)

       5.4.3   Marking criteria / Nasienkriteria
               (a) Subtract / Aftrek 200 185
               (b) Subst. into / Vervanging in n = m/M
               (c) Formula / Formule V = nVm
               (d) Subst. into/ Vervanging in V = nVm
               (e) Final answer/ Finale antwoord

                           M
                n     =
                           m

                          200    185      (a)
                n     =                              (b)
                                 44

                n     = 0,34 mol

               V = nVm     (c)

               V = (0,34)(24000)        (d)

               V = 8 160 (cm3)      (e)

               Range = 8160       8181,82                                                      (5)

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(EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)              PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                        9

       5.4.4     Marking criteria/Nasienkriteria
                 (a) Use of mol ratio / Gebruik van molverhouding CO2 : CaCO3
                 (b) Subst. into/ Vervanging in n = m/M
                 (c) Subst. into rate equation/ Vervanging in tempo vergelyking
                 (d) Final answer / Finale antwoord
                 Positive marking from/Positiewe nasien van 5.4.3

                 n (CO2) = n (CaCO3) = 0,34 mol           (a)

                 m = nM

                 m = (0,34)(100)       (b)

                 m = 34 g

                  rate/
                              =
                  tempo

                    rate/                0    34
                              =                          (c)
                   tempo                     11

                  m           = 3,09 g·min-1       (d)                                             (4)

5.5    5.5.1     Marking criteria for hypothesis
                   Statement regarding the correct independent and dependent
                   variable
                   Statement is measurable
                 Nasienkriteria vir hipotese
                   Stelling om die onafhanklike en afhanklike veranderlike is korrek
                   Stelling is meetbaar

                 A(n) decrease / increase in temperature will decrease / increase the
                 reaction rate.
                   Afname/ toename in temperatuur sal die reaksietempo laat afneem/
                 toeneem.                                                                          (2)

       5.5.2     INCREASES / TOENEEM                                                               (1)

       5.5.3           Higher temperature means the average kinetic energy of the
                       particles increases
                       More particles will have sufficient kinetic energy / more particles
                       will have kinetic energy equal to or higher than the activation
                       energy
                       More effective collisions per unit time / Frequency of the effective
                       collisions increases

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10                  PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                (EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)

                   Hoër temperatuur beteken die gemiddelde kinetiese energie van
                   die deeltjies neem toe
                   Meer deeltjies het genoeg kinetiese energie / meer deeltjies het
                   kinetiese energie gelyk of hoër as die aktiveringsenergie
                   Meer effektiewe botsings per tydseenheid / Frekwensie van die
                   effektiewe botsings neem toe                                                (3)
                                                                                              [24]

QUESTION/VRAAG 6

6.1.1   Marking criteria/Nasienkriteria
        If any of the underlined key words/phrases in the correct context are omitted:
        - 1 mark per word/phrase.
        Indien enige van die sleutelwoorde/frases in die korrekte konteks weggelaat
        word: - 1 punt per woord/frase.

        When the equilibrium in a closed system is disturbed, the system will re-
        instate a new equilibrium by favouring the reaction that will oppose/cancel the
        disturbance.

        Wanneer die ewewig in geslote sisteem versteur word, sal die sisteem
        nuwe ewewig deur die reaksie wat die versteuring teenwerk/kanseleer, te
        bevoordeel.                                                                             (2)

6.1.2   (a)    NO EFFECT / GEEN EFFEK                                                           (1)

        (b)    INCREASES / TOENEEM                                                              (1)

        (c)    DECREASES / AFNEEM

                   An increase in pressure favours the reaction that produces the
                   least number of gaseous moles.
                   Mole ratio of reactants : products 1 : 2
                   The reverse reaction is favoured / the equilibrium position shifted
                   towards left.

                     Toename in druk bevoordeel die reaksie wat die minste gasmol
                   produseer.
                   Die molverhouding reaktanse : produkte 1 : 2
                   Die terugwaartse reaksie word bevoordeel / die ewewigsposisie
                   verskuif links.                                                              (4)

6.2     6.2.1 2 NO2 (g)         N2O4 (g)                                                        (2)

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(EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)          PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                      11

                                                               Marking criteria/
       6.2.2                                                   Nasienkriteria
                                                               Both graphs rates
                                                               increases vertically and
                                                               reached new equilibrium
                                                               Increase in the reverse
                                                               reaction rate is higher than
                                                               the forward rate
                                                               Beide grafieke se tempo
                       to        t1      t2   time/tyd (min)   neem vertikaal toe en
                                                               bereik nuwe ewewig

                                                               Toename in die tempo van
                                                               die terugwaartse reaksie is
                                                               hoër as die tempo van die
                                                               voortwaartse reaksie
                                                                                               (2)

6.3    6.3.1                [NO2]2
                 Kc     =
                            [N2O4]

                            (0,0457)2
                 Kc     =
                             (0,448)

                 Kc     = 4,66 x 10-3                                                          (3)

       6.3.2 LOW YIELD. Kc is less than 1.
             LAE OPBRENGS. Kc is kleiner as 1.                                                 (2)

       6.3.3 POSITIVE MARKING FROM / POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF 6.3.1
             MARKING CRITERIA
             a. Subst. Kc value and correct N2O4 concentration into the correct Kc
                expression
             b. Determine the change in concentration of NO2
             c. Correct ratio N2O4 and NO2
             d. Determine the initial concentration N2O4
             e. Subst. change in concentration and initial concentration of N2O4 in %
                change formula
             f. Final answer

                NASIENKRITERIA
                a. Vervang die Kc-waarde en korrekte N2O4 konsentrasie in die
                   korrekte Kc-uitdrukking
                b. Bepaal die verandering in die konsentrasie van NO2
                c. Korrekte verhouding tussen N2O4 en NO2
                d. Bepaal die aanvanklike konsentrasie van N2O4
                e. Vervanging in verandering in konsentrasie en die aanvanklike
                   konsentrasie van N2O4 in die % verandering formule
                f. Finale antwoord

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12                  PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                      (EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)

                                        [NO2]2
               Kc                =
                                        [N2O4]

                                          [NO2]2
               4,66 x 10-3       =                    (a)
                                         (0,491)

               [NO2] = 0,0478 mol·dm-3

                                                     N2O4            2 NO2 (g)
               Initial conc/
                                                   0,5 (d)              0,03
               Aanvangskonsentrasie
               Change in conc./                                                          (c) ratio/
               Verandering in                      8,9 x 10-3       0,0178 (b)           verhouding
               konsentrasie
               Equilibrium conc./
                                                    0,491             0,0478
               Ewewigskonsentrasie

                                 8,9 x 10-3
               % [N2O4]      =                        X 100 % (e)
                                      0,5

               % [N2O4]= 1,78 % (f)                                                                  (6)
                                                                                                    [23]

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(EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)          PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                            13

 QUESTION/VRAAG 7

 7.1 7.1.1       An acid is a proton (H+) donor    (2 or 0)
                  Suur is proton (H+) skenker (2 of 0)                                               (2)

       7.1.2     CH3COOH + H2O         CH3COO + H3O+
                 Ignore phases / Ignoreer fases                                                      (2)

       7.1.3     Weak acid / Swaksuur
                 Ka value is less than 1 / Ka-waarde is kleiner as 1                                 (2)

       7.1.4     Methanoic acid

                 It has the larger Ka-value / Ionises to a greater extend / It is the stronger
                 acid.
                 The higher the concentration of the H3O+ the lower the pH-value.

                 Metanoësuur
                 Dit is het die groter Ka-waarde / Ioniseer tot groter mate / Dit is die
                 sterker suur.
                 Hoe hoër die konsentrasie van H3O+ hoe kleiner is is die pH-waarde                  (3)

 7.2 7.2.1       Burette / Buret                                                                     (1)

       7.2.2     To ensure reliable results / accurate results
                 Om betroubare resultate / akkurate resultate te verseker                            (1)

       7.2.3     8,3 10                                                                              (1)

       7.2.4     C2O42     + H2O                   HC2O4      + OH
                 (reactants / reaktanse and / en products / produkte)
                 Excess OH is produced / Oormaat OH is geproduseer                                   (3)

 7.3 7.3.1       n = cV
                 n = (0,1)(25 x 10-3)
                 n = 2,5 x 10-3 mol                                                                  (3)

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14                    PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                 (EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)

       7.3.2    OPTION 1                                  OPTION 2
                Marking criteria                          Marking criteria
                (a) pH formula                            (a) Formula pH + pOH = 14
                (b) Subst. into pH-formula                (b) Subst. into pH + pOH =14
                (c) Subst. into Kw = [H3O+][OH ]          (c) Subst. into pOH formula
                (d) Final answer                          (d) Final answer
                OPSIE 1                                   OPSIE 2
                Nasienkriteria                            Nasienkriteria
                (a) pH-formule                            (a) Formule pH +pOH = 14
                (b) Vervang in pH-formule                 (b) Vervang in pH + pOH =14
                (c) Vervang in Kw = [H3O+][OH ]           (c) Vervang in pOH-formule
                (d) Finale antwoord                       (d) Finale antwoord
                pH = - log[H3O+] (a)                      pH + pOH = 14 (a)
                12,52 = -log[H3O+]      (b)               12,52 + pOH = 14       (b)
                [H3O+] = 3,02 x 10-13 mol·dm-3            pOH = 1,48

                Kw = [H3O+][OH ]                          pOH = -log[OH ]
                1 x 10-14 = (3,02 x 10-13)[OH ]     (c)
                                                          1,48 = -log[OH ] (c)
                [OH ] = 0,033 mol·dm-3        (d)         [OH ] = 0,033 mol·dm-3        (d)       (4)

       7.3.3    POSITIVE MARKING FROM QUESTION 7.3.1 AND 7.3.2
                POSITIEWE NASIEN VAN VRAAG 7.3.1 EN 7.3.2
                Marking criteria
                (a) Subst. 0,033 and V into n = cV
                (b) Subst. 0,033V, 0,1V and n equivalence point in
                    nexcess = nTotaal nep
                (c) Subst. into V (total volume) = V (volume titrated) + V (acid)
                (d) Subst. eq (2) into (1)
                (e) Final answer
                Nasienkritria
                (a) Vervang 0,033 en V in n = cV
                (b) Vervang 0,033V , 0,1V en ekwivalente punt in
                    noormaat = ntotaal - nekw
                (c) Vervang in V (totale volume) = V (volume getitreer) + V (suur)
                (d) Vervang vergelyking (2) in (1)
                (e) Finale antwoord

                n (excess) = n (total) n (equivalence point)
                n (oormaat) = n (totaal) n (ekwivalente punt)

                cV (total volume) = cV(volume titrated) n (equivalence point)
                cV (totaal volume) = cV (volume getitreer) n (ekwivalente punt)

                0,033V (total volume)     (a) = 0,1V (volume titrated)   2,5 x 10-3
                (b)

                V (total volume) = V (volume titrated) + V (acid)
                V (totale volume) = V(getitreer) + V (suur)

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### Page 15

(EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025)         PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2/FISIESE WETENSKAPPE V2                         15

            V (total volume) = V (volume titrated) + 25 x 10-3         (c)

            Subst. equation (2) into (1) / Vervang vergelyking (2) in (1)

            0,033 [Volume titrated + 25 x 10-3]   (d) = 0,1 Volume titrated     2,5 x 10-3

            Volume titrated / volume getitreer = 0,050 dm3

            Volume titrated / volume getitreer = 50 cm3    (e)                                  (5)
                                                                                               [27]

                                                                       TOTAL/TOTAAL:           150

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