# Technical Sciences Grade 12 P2 Eastern Cape June 2024 QP

> Grade 12 Technical Sciences Paper 2 question paper from the Eastern Cape June Exam 2024 (English), 15 pages. Read online or download the free PDF.

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- Updated: 2026-09-27
- Subject: Technical Sciences
- Grade: Grade 12
- Language: English
- Document type: Question paper
- Year: 2024
- Exam period: Eastern Cape June Exam
- Paper: 2
- Curriculum: CAPS
- Pages: 15

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Technical Sciences · Grade 12 · Eastern Cape June Exam · 2024 · English. Question paper, 15 pages. Read online or download the PDF.

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### Page 1

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                                NATIONAL
                           SENIOR CERTIFICATE

                                    GRADE 12

                                   JUNE 2024

         TECHNICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY P2

MARKS:   75

TIME:    1½ hours

              This question paper consists of 15 pages, including 4 data sheets.

                                Hosted by www.ecexams.co.za

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2                             TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                         (EC/JUNE 2024)

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1.     Write your FULL NAME and SURNAME in the appropriate spaces in the
       ANSWER BOOK.

2.     This question paper consists of SIX questions. Answer ALL the questions.

3.     Start each question on a NEW page in the ANSWER BOOK.

4.     Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in
       this question paper.

5.     Leave ONE line between two sub-questions, for example between
       QUESTION 2.1 and QUESTION 2.2.

6.     You may use a non-programmable calculator.

7.     You are advised to use the attached DATA SHEETS.

8.     Round off your FINAL numerical answers to a minimum of TWO decimal
       places.

9.     You may use appropriate mathematical instruments.

10.    Show ALL formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations.

11.    Give brief motivations, discussions et cetera where required.

12.    Write neatly and legibly.

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(EC/JUNE 2024)                           TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                                3

QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS

Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers
(1.1 to 1.5) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.6 E.

1.1    The process of adding impurities to intrinsic semiconductors is called a(n) ...

       A         intrinsic semiconductor.

       B         pure semiconductor.

       C         doping.

       D         purification.                                                              (2)

1.2    Consider the following structural formulae for compounds A and B.

       These compounds have the same … and differ with …

       A         molecular formulae; positional isomers.

       B         molecular formulae; position of the functional group.

       C         molecules; positions.

       D         position of the functional group; structural formulae.                     (2)

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4                                 TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                           (EC/JUNE 2024)

1.3    Study the organic reaction below and answer the following question.

                              CH4 + Y                CO2    +   H2O
       Which ONE of the following does Y represent, and which is the correct
       reaction condition for products to form?
       A     H20 and excess water
       B     O2 and mild heat
       C     H2 and heat
       D     O2 and excess oxygen                                                            (2)

1.4    Which of the following sets is the correct for an N-type semiconductor?

                    1                          2                           3
       A     donor level          The extra electron is free to Not negatively charged
                                  move
       B     acceptor band        Electrons in the valence The absence of an
                                  band move from hole to electron creates the
                                  hole                     effect of a positive
                                                           charge
       C     donor level          Electrons in the valence Not negatively charged
                                  band move from hole to
                                  hole
       D     acceptor band        The extra electron is free to The absence of an
                                  move                          electron creates the
                                                                effect of a positive
                                                                charge                       (2)

1.5    P-n junction
       (i)   In doping, a pure element is added to a semiconductor to improve the
             conductivity of the semiconductor.
       (ii) In doping, a catalyst is added to a semiconductor to improve the
             conductivity of the semiconductor.
       (iii) The n-region becomes positively charged because it has lost some
             electrons.
       (iv) There is potential difference between the two sides of the diode.
       (v) Electrons (few) gain enough thermal energy to cross the energy gap
             (from the valence band) to the conduction band.
       Which ONE of the following combinations below is CORRECT for a p-n
       junction?
       A     (i) and (ii)
       B     (ii) and (iii)
       C     (i) and (iv)
       D     (iii) and (iv)                                                                 (2)
                                                                                           [10]

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(EC/JUNE 2024)                        TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                               5

QUESTION 2 (Start on a new page.)

Consider the organic compounds represented by the letters A to H below and
answer the questions that follow.

A
                     Hex-2-ene                E        2-methylpropan-2-ol

B                                             F           Ethylethanoate

C                                             G

D                                             H               C5H12

2.1 Define the term functional group.                                                   (2)

2.2 Write down the letter(s) that represents the following:

      2.2.1      A tertiary alcohol                                                     (1)

      2.2.2      Unsaturated hydrocarbons                                               (1)

      2.2.3      An ester                                                               (1)

      2.2.4      Hydrocarbons                                                           (1)

      2.2.5      Positional isomers                                                     (1)

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6                            TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                          (EC/JUNE 2024)

2.3    Write down the IUPAC name of the following:

       2.3.1    D                                                                     (1)

       2.3.2    B                                                                     (1)

       2.3.3    G                                                                     (1)

2.4    Write down the:

       2.4.1    STRUCTURAL formula of compound F                                      (2)

       2.4.2    STRUCTURAL formula for the functional group of compound C             (1)

       2.4.3    MOLECULAR formula of compound A                                       (1)

       2.4.4    The name of the functional group of compound B                        (1)

       2.4.5    STRUCTURAL formula of compound E                                      (2)
                                                                                     [17]

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(EC/JUNE 2024)                           TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                          7

QUESTION 3 (Start on a new page.)

Students were observing the vapour pressure of three (3) organic compounds from
a homologous series with a general formula CnH2n+2, represented by X, Y and Z.
The number of carbon atoms of these organic compounds ranges between 3 carbon
atoms and 5 carbon atoms. Their results were graphed as follows:

        COMPOUND                   VAPOUR PRESSURE (kPa)         MOLECULAR MASS
                                                                     (g.mol-1)
                 X                              215                     58
                 Y                              202                     73
                 Z                              156                     86

3.1      Define the term vapour pressure.                                             (2)

3.2      Use the table above to draw a sketch graph of vapour pressure versus
         molecular mass.                                                              (3)

3.3      What hypothesis can be deduced from the graph?                               (1)

3.4      Give the industrial use of these organic compounds.                          (1)

3.5      Explain the difference in the vapour pressure of compound Y and Z. Refer
         to the MOLECULAR MASS, STRENGTH OF INTERMOLECULAR
         FORCES and THE ENERGY NEEDED.                                                (3)

3.6      Which compound will have the …? (Write only X, Y or Z.)

         3.6.1       highest viscosity                                                (1)

         3.6.2       lowest melting point                                             (1)

         3.6.3       highest boiling point                                           (1)
                                                                                    [13]

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8                               TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                         (EC/JUNE 2024)

 QUESTION 4 (Start on a new page.)

 The table below shows the boiling points of four organic compounds, represented
 by the letters I to L, of comparable molecular mass.

            COMPOUND                        FORMULA             BOILING POINT
                                                                     (°C)
 A                     I                      CH3OH                   80
 B                     J                      CH2Cℓ2                 40,1
 C                     K                      CHCℓ3                  61,8
 D                     L                       CCℓ4                  76,6

 4.1    Define the term boiling point.                                                   (2)

 4.2    In which homologous series does compound K in the table belong?                  (1)

 4.3    Name the intermolecular forces in compound J.                                    (1)

 4.4    What trend can be observed from compound J to compound L, in the table?          (1)

 4.5    An investigation was conducted on the boiling points of compounds I
        and L.

        4.5.1        Provide the IUPAC name of compound L.                               (1)

        4.5.2        The comparison of I and L is a fair comparison. Give a reason
                     why this is a true statement.                                       (1)

        4.5.3        Explain how the vapour pressure of compound I will compare to
                     that of compound L.                                                 (2)
                                                                                         [9]

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(EC/JUNE 2024)                     TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                                    9

 QUESTION 5 (Start on a new page.)

 Alcohol H can be converted to many other compounds and be a product of other
 reactions. As such alcohol H was used to form an organic compound called propyl
 butanoate. Study the table below and answer the questions that follow.

        REACTION NUMBER                           ORGANIC REACTION

             REACTION 1              Alkene + R                Alcohol H

             REACTION 2              Alkene + S            Alkane W

             REACTION 3              Alcohol H + Br2         Haloalkane + V

             REACTION 4              Haloalkane + R               Alcohol H + T

             REACTION 5              Alkane W + Y                 Z + H2O

 5.1 Are the intermolecular forces in propyl butanoate WEAKER or STRONGER
     than those in alcohol H? Write only WEAKER or STRONGER.                              (1)

 5.2 Identify alcohol H.                                                                  (1)

 5.3 Write down the type of reaction represented by the following reactions:

       5.3.1     Reaction 1                                                               (1)

       5.3.2     Reaction 3                                                               (1)

       5.3.3     Reaction 5                                                               (1)

 5.4 For Reaction 2:

       5.4.1     Write down the STRUCTURAL FORMULA for the alkene.                        (2)

       5.4.2     Is compound S, ORGANIC or INORGANIC?                                     (1)

       5.4.3     Explain the answer to QUESTION 5.4.2 above.                              (1)

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10                            TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                     (EC/JUNE 2024)

5.5    For Reaction 1, write down:

       5.5.1    The balanced      chemical   equation   using   STRUCTURAL
                FORMULAE
                                                                                 (3)
       5.5.2    One reaction condition
                                                                                 (1)
5.6    For Reaction 5, write down:

       5.6.1    The STRUCTURAL FORMULA for alkane W                              (2)

       5.6.2    NAME for compound Y                                              (1)

       5.6.3    FORMULA for compound Z                                           (1)
                                                                                [17]

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(EC/JUNE 2024)                    TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                                 11

QUESTION 6 (Start on a new page.)

Study the diagram of a semiconductor below and answer questions that follow.
Note the following about semiconductors:
• Some semiconductors are formed by adding impurities to them and some
  formed at high temperatures where the atoms vibrate.
• Semiconductors are used in the manufacture of electronic devices such as
  diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits.

6.1    Which element represents a dopant in the diagram? Write only Si or B.           (1)

6.2    How many valence electrons does this dopant have?                               (1)

6.3    What does A in the diagram above, represent?                                    (1)

6.4    Define a semiconductor.                                                         (2)

6.5    Briefly explain what will happen if the semiconductor above is connected
       across the terminals of a cell.                                                 (2)

6.6    What is the purpose of doping?                                                  (1)

6.7    Identify the type of a semiconductor represented by the diagram above.          (1)
                                                                                       [9]

                                                                       TOTAL:          75

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12                                    TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                                          (EC/JUNE 2024)

                                    NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE
                                   NASIONALE SENIOR SERTIFIKAAT

                           DATA FOR TECHNICAL SCIENCES GRADE 12
                                    PAPER 2 (CHEMISTRY)

                     GEGEWENS VIR TEGNIESE WETENSKAPPE GRAAD 12
                                 VRAESTEL 2 (CHEMIE)

           TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS/TABEL 1: FISIESE KONSTANTES

            NAAM/NAME                           SIMBOOL/SYMBOL                      WAARDE/VALUE
      Avogadro se konstante
                                                           NA                         6,02 × 1023 mol-1
      Avogadro’s constant

      Molêre gaskonstante
                                                             R                         8,31 J.K-1.mol-1
      Molar gas constant
      Standaarddruk
                                                            p                        1,013 × 105 Pa
      Standard pressure

      Molêre gasvolume teen STD
                                                            Vm                         22,4 dm3∙mol-1
      Molar gas volume at STP

      Standaardtemperatuur

      Standard temperature                                  Tθ                              273 K

     TABLE 2: FORMULAE/TABEL 2: FORMULES

          m                                n                 m
     n = M or/of                      c = V or/of c = MV                       pH= -log[H3O+]
                                                                               Kw = [H3O+][OH-] = 1x10-14
           N                         ca Va   na                                at /by 298K
     n= N       or/of                      =
            A
                                     cb Vb nb
          V
     n= V
           m

     Eθcell = Eθcathode – Eθanode / Eθsel = Eθkatode – Eθanode

     Eθcell = Eθreduction – Eθoxidation / Eθsel = Eθreduksie – Eθoksidasie

     Eθcell = Eθoxidising agent – Eθreducing agent / Eθsel = Eθoksideermiddel – Eθreduseermiddel

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(EC/JUNE 2024)                                                                      TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                                                                         13

TABLE 3: THE PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS/TABEL 3: DIE PERIODIEKE TABEL VAN ELEMENTE

   1               2           3           4         5            6           7           8            9       10          11           12       13          14         15           16          17         18
  (I)             (II)                                                                Atoomgetal                                                (III)       (IV)        (V)         (VI)        (VII)      (VIII)
                                                KEY/ SLEUTEL                        Atomic number
        1                                                                                                                                                                                                     2
2,1    H                                                                                                                                                                                                     He
        1                                                                                       29                                                                                                            4
        3            4                                   Elektronegatiwiteit                                  Simbool                                 5          6           7           8           9        10
1,0    Li   1,5    Be                                     Electronegativity               1,9   Cu            Symbol                          2,0    B    2,5    C    3,0    N    3,5    O    4,0    F       Ne
        7            9                                                                          63,5                                                 11          12          14         16           19       20
       11           12                                                                                                                               13          14          15         16           17       18
                                                                          Benaderde relatiewe atoommassa
0,9   Na    1,2    Mg                                                     Approximate relative atomic mass                                    1,5   Aℓ    1,8    Si   2,1    P    2,5    S    3,0    Cℓ       Ar
       23           24                                                                                                                               27          28          31         32          35,5      40
       19           20          21      22            23          24          25          26            27      28          29           30          31          32          33         34           35       36
0,8    K    1,0    Ca    1,3   Sc    1,5Ti     1,6    V     1,6   Cr    1,5   Mn    1,8   Fe     1,8   Co    1,8Ni   1,9    Cu    1,6   Zn    1,6   Ga    1,8   Ge    2,0   As    2,4   Se    2,8    Br       Kr
       39           40          45      48            51          52          55          56            59      59         63,5          65          70          73          75         79           80       84
       37           38          39      40            41          42          43          44            45      46          47           48          49          50          51         52           53       54
0,8   Rb    1,0     Sr   1,2    Y    1,4Zr           Nb     1,8   Mo    1,9   Tc    2,2   Ru     2,2   Rh    2,2
                                                                                                               Pd    1,9    Ag    1,7   Cd    1,7    In   1,8   Sn    1,9   Sb    2,1   Te    2,5     I      Xe
       86           88          89      91            92          96                      101          103     106         108          112         115         119         122         128         127      131
       55           56          57      72            73          74           75         76            77      78          79           80          81          82          83         84           85       86
0,7   Cs    0,9    Ba          La    1,6Hf           Ta            W          Re          Os            Ir      Pt          Au          Hg    1,8    Tℓ   1,8   Pb    1,9    Bi   2,0   Po    2,5    At      Rn
      133          137         139     179           181          184         186         190          192     195         197          201         204         207         209
       87           88          89
0,7    Fr   0,9    Ra          Ac
                   226                            58           59          60         61              62       63       64          65           66          67         68          69           70         71
                                                 Ce            Pr         Nd          Pm             Sm       Eu       Gd           Tb          Dy          Ho           Er         Tm          Yb         Lu
                                                 140          141         144                        150      152      157          159         163         165         167         169         173        175
                                                  90           91          92         93              94       95       96          97           98          99         100         101         102        103
                                                 Th           Pa           U          Np             Pu       Am       Cm           Bk           Cf         Es          Fm          Md          No          Lr
                                                 232                      238

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14                                                                                          TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                                        (EC/JUNE 2024)

                                                                            TABLE 4A: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS
                                                                            TABEL 4A: STANDAARD REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE
                                                                                       Half-reactions/Halfreaksies                  E θ (V)
                                                                            F2(g) + 2e−                         ⇌   2F−             + 2,87
                                                                            Co   3+
                                                                                      +e    −                   ⇌   Co2+            + 1,81
                                                                            H2O2 + 2H+ +2e−                     ⇌   2H2O            +1,77
                                                                                 −
                                                                            MnO 4 + 8H+ + 5e−                   ⇌   Mn2+ + 4H2O     + 1,51

                                                                            Cℓ2(g) + 2e−                        ⇌   2Cℓ   −
                                                                                                                                    + 1,36
                                                                                 2−
                                                                            Cr2O 7 + 14H+ + 6e−                 ⇌   2Cr3+ + 7H2O    + 1,33

                                                                            O2(g) + 4H+ + 4e−                   ⇌   2H2O            + 1,23
                                                                            MnO2 + 4H+ + 2e−                    ⇌   Mn2+ + 2H2O     + 1,23
                                                                            Pt2+ + 2e−                          ⇌   Pt              + 1,20
                                                                            Br2(ℓ) + 2e             −           ⇌   2Br   −         + 1,07
                                                                               −
                                                                            NO 3 + 4H+ + 3e−                    ⇌   NO(g) + 2H2O    + 0,96

                                                                                                                                                        Increasing reducing ability/Toenemende reduserende vermoë
            Increasing oxidising ability/Toenemende oksiderende vermoë
                                                                            Hg   2+
                                                                                      + 2e      −               ⇌   Hg(ℓ)           + 0,85
                                                                            Ag+ + e−                            ⇌   Ag              + 0,80
                                                                               −
                                                                            NO 3 + 2H+ + e−                     ⇌   NO2(g) + H2O    + 0,80
                                                                            Fe3+ + e−                           ⇌   Fe2+            + 0,77
                                                                            O2(g) + 2H + 2e         +       −   ⇌   H2O2            + 0,68
                                                                            I2 + 2e−                            ⇌   2I−             + 0,54
                                                                            Cu+ + e−                            ⇌   Cu              + 0,52
                                                                            SO2 + 4H+ + 4e−                     ⇌   S + 2H2O        + 0,45
                                                                            2H2O + O2 + 4e              −       ⇌   4OH       −     + 0,40
                                                                            Cu2+ + 2e−                          ⇌   Cu              + 0,34
                                                                               2−
                                                                            SO 4 + 4H+ + 2e−                    ⇌   SO2(g) + 2H2O   + 0,17

                                                                            Cu2+ + e−                           ⇌   Cu+             + 0,16
                                                                            Sn   4+
                                                                                      + 2e      −               ⇌   Sn2+            + 0,15
                                                                            S + 2H+ + 2e−                       ⇌   H2S(g)          + 0,14
                                                                            2H+ + 2e−                           ⇌   H2(g)           0,00
                                                                            Fe   3+
                                                                                      + 3e      −               ⇌   Fe              − 0,06
                                                                            Pb2+ + 2e−                          ⇌   Pb              − 0,13
                                                                            Sn2+ + 2e−                          ⇌   Sn              − 0,14
                                                                            Ni2+ + 2e−                          ⇌   Ni              − 0,27
                                                                            Co   2+
                                                                                      + 2e      −               ⇌   Co              − 0,28
                                                                            Cd2+ + 2e−                          ⇌   Cd              − 0,40
                                                                            Cr3+ + e−                           ⇌   Cr2+            − 0,41
                                                                            Fe   2+
                                                                                      + 2e      −               ⇌   Fe              − 0,44
                                                                            Cr3+ + 3e−                          ⇌   Cr              − 0,74
                                                                            Zn2+ + 2e−                          ⇌   Zn              − 0,76
                                                                            2H2O + 2e−                          ⇌   H2(g) + 2OH−    − 0,83
                                                                            Cr   2+
                                                                                      + 2e   −                  ⇌   Cr              − 0,91
                                                                            Mn2+ + 2e−                          ⇌   Mn              − 1,18
                                                                            Aℓ3+ + 3e−                          ⇌   Aℓ              − 1,66
                                                                            Mg2+ + 2e−                          ⇌   Mg              − 2,36
                                                                                 +
                                                                            Na + e      −                       ⇌   Na              − 2,71
                                                                            Ca2+ + 2e−                          ⇌   Ca              − 2,87
                                                                            Sr2+ + 2e−                          ⇌   Sr              − 2,89
                                                                            Ba2+ + 2e−                          ⇌   Ba              − 2,90
                                                                                 +
                                                                            Cs + e      -                       ⇌   Cs              - 2,92
                                                                            K+ + e−                             ⇌   K               − 2,93
                                                                            Li+ + e−                            ⇌   Li              − 3,05

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(EC/JUNE 2024)                                                                                              TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2                                                                           15

                                                                              TABLE 4B: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS
                                                                              TABEL 4B: STANDAARD REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE
                                                                                        Half-reactions/Halfreaksies                   E θ (V)
                                                                             Li+ + e−                             ⇌   Li              − 3,05
                                                                             K+ + e−                              ⇌   K               − 2,93
                                                                             Cs+ + e−                             ⇌   Cs              − 2,92
                                                                             Ba2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Ba              − 2,90
                                                                             Sr2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Sr              − 2,89
                                                                             Ca2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Ca              − 2,87
                                                                                +
                                                                             Na + e     −                         ⇌   Na              − 2,71
                                                                             Mg2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Mg              − 2,36
                                                                             Aℓ3+ + 3e−                           ⇌   Aℓ              − 1,66
                                                                             Mn2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Mn              − 1,18

                                                                                                                                                Increasing reducing ability/Toenemende reduserende vermoë
                                                                             Cr2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Cr              − 0,91
                                                                             2H2O + 2e−                           ⇌   H2(g) + 2OH−    − 0,83

             Increasing oxidising ability/Toenemende oksiderende vermoë
                                                                             Zn2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Zn              − 0,76
                                                                               3+
                                                                             Cr + 3e        −                     ⇌   Cr              − 0,74
                                                                             Fe2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Fe              − 0,44
                                                                             Cr3+ + e−                            ⇌   Cr2+            − 0,41
                                                                             Cd2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Cd              − 0,40
                                                                             Co2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Co              − 0,28
                                                                             Ni2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Ni              − 0,27
                                                                                2+
                                                                             Sn + 2e        −                     ⇌   Sn              − 0,14
                                                                             Pb2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Pb              − 0,13
                                                                             Fe3+ + 3e−                           ⇌   Fe              − 0,06
                                                                             2H+ + 2e−                            ⇌   H2(g)           0,00
                                                                             S + 2H+ + 2e−                        ⇌   H2S(g)          + 0,14
                                                                                4+
                                                                             Sn + 2e        −                     ⇌   Sn    2+
                                                                                                                                      + 0,15
                                                                             Cu2+ + e−                            ⇌   Cu+             + 0,16
                                                                                2−
                                                                             SO 4 + 4H+ + 2e−                     ⇌   SO2(g) + 2H2O   + 0,17

                                                                             Cu2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Cu              + 0,34
                                                                             2H2O + O2 + 4e         −             ⇌   4OH        −
                                                                                                                                      + 0,40
                                                                             SO2 + 4H+ + 4e−                      ⇌   S + 2H2O        + 0,45
                                                                             Cu+ + e−                             ⇌   Cu              + 0,52
                                                                             I2 + 2e−                             ⇌   2I−             + 0,54
                                                                             O2(g) + 2H+ + 2e−                    ⇌   H2O2            + 0,68
                                                                               3+
                                                                             Fe + e     −                         ⇌   Fe   2+
                                                                                                                                      + 0,77
                                                                                −
                                                                             NO 3 + 2H+ + e−                      ⇌   NO2(g) + H2O    + 0,80
                                                                                +
                                                                             Ag + e     −                         ⇌   Ag              + 0,80
                                                                             Hg2+ + 2e−                           ⇌   Hg(ℓ)           + 0,85
                                                                                −
                                                                             NO 3 + 4H+ + 3e−                     ⇌   NO(g) + 2H2O    + 0,96

                                                                             Br2(ℓ) + 2e        −                 ⇌   2Br   −
                                                                                                                                      + 1,07
                                                                             Pt2+ + 2 e−                          ⇌   Pt              + 1,20
                                                                             MnO2 + 4H+ + 2e−                     ⇌   Mn2+ + 2H2O     + 1,23
                                                                             O2(g) + 4H + 4e    +       −         ⇌   2H2O            + 1,23
                                                                                  2−
                                                                             Cr2O 7 + 14H+ + 6e−                  ⇌          3+
                                                                                                                      2Cr + 7H2O      + 1,33

                                                                             Cℓ2(g) + 2e−                         ⇌   2Cℓ    −
                                                                                                                                      + 1,36
                                                                                  −
                                                                             MnO 4 + 8H+ + 5e−                    ⇌   Mn2+ + 4H2O     + 1,51

                                                                             H2O2 + 2H+ +2 e−                     ⇌   2H2O            +1,77
                                                                             Co3+ + e−                            ⇌   Co2+            + 1,81
                                                                             F2(g) + 2e−                          ⇌   2F−             + 2,87

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