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CAPS SETSWANA HL GRADES R 3 FS

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National Curriculum Statement (NCS) Setswana HOME LANGUAGE Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement Foundation Phase Grades R-3    
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO MEPHATO R-3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE CAPS
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Department of Basic Education 222 Struben Street Private Bag X895 Pretoria 0001 South Africa Tel: +27 12 357 3000 Fax: +27 12 323 0601 120 Plein Street Private Bag X9023 Cape Town 8000 South Africa Tel: +27 21 465 1701 Fax: +27 21 461 8110 Website: http://www.education.gov.za © 2011 Department of Basic Education Isbn: 978-1-4315-0402-2 Design and Layout by: Ndabase Printing Solution Printed by: Government Printing Works PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENTSETSWANA PRACTICES GRADES PUO 10-12 YA GAE R-3 FOREWORD by thE ministER Our national curriculum is the culmination of our efforts over a period of seventeen years to transform the curriculum bequeathed to us by apartheid. From the start of democracy we have built our curriculum on the values that inspired our Constitution (Act 108 of 1996). the Preamble to the Constitution states that the aims of the Constitution are to: • heal the divisions of the past and establish a society based on democratic values, social justice and fundamental human rights; • improve the quality of life of all citizens and free the potential of each person; • lay the foundations for a democratic and open society in which government is based on the will of the people and every citizen is equally protected by law; and • build a united and democratic South Africa able to take its rightful place as a sovereign state in the family of nations. Education and the curriculum have an important role to play in realising these aims. in 1997 we introduced outcomes-based education to overcome the curricular divisions of the past, but the experience of implementation prompted a review in 2000. This led to the first curriculum revision: the Revised National Curriculum Statement Grades R-9 and the National Curriculum Statement Grades 10-12 (2002). Ongoing implementation challenges resulted in another review in 2009 and we revised the Revised National Curriculum Statement (2002) to produce this document. From 2012 the two 2002 curricula, for Grades R-9 and Grades 10-12 respectively, are combined in a single document and will simply be known as the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12. the National Curriculum Statement for Grades R-12 builds on the previous curriculum but also updates it and aims to provide clearer specification of what is to be taught and learnt on a term-by-term basis. the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 accordingly replaces the subject statements, Learning Programme Guidelines and subject Assessment Guidelines with the (a) Curriculum and Assessment Policy statements (CAPs) for all approved subjects listed in this document; (b) National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12; and (c) National Protocol for Assessment Grades R-12. MRS ANGIE MOTSHEKGA, MP MINISTER OF BASIC EDUCATION CAPS
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 DITENG KAROLO 1: matseno A PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO PUO YA GAE ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Lemorago.......................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Thadiso. ............................................................................................................................................................ 3 1.3 Maikaelelo kakaretso a kharikhulamo ya Aforika Borwa. ............................................................................ 4 1.4 Kabo ya Nako. .................................................................................................................................................. 6 1.4.1 Kgato ya Motheo. .................................................................................................................................... 6 1.4.2 Kgato ya Magareng. ................................................................................................................................ 6 1.4.3 Kgato ya Kgolwane.................................................................................................................................. 7 1.4.4 Mephato 10 -12. ...................................................................................................................................... 7 KAROLO 2: GO ITSISE DIPUO................................................................................................................. 8 2.1 Matseno a Puo Ya Gae Mophato R-3.............................................................................................................. 8 2.2 Molebo o o lotagantsweng ............................................................................................................................ 8 2.3 Kabo ya nako.................................................................................................................................................... 8 2.4 Tlhatlhobo....................................................................................................................................................... 11 2.5 Go reetsa le go bua........................................................................................................................................ 11 2.6 Nako e e tsepameng ya go buisa le go kwala. ............................................................................................ 12 2.7 Go kwala. ........................................................................................................................................................ 20 2.8 Mophato R. ..................................................................................................................................................... 22 KAROLO YA 3 Diteng le dithulaganyo tsa go ruta dikgono tsa puo............................ 24 3.1 Mophato R. ..................................................................................................................................................... 31 3.2 Mophato 1....................................................................................................................................................... 55 3.3 Mophato 2....................................................................................................................................................... 78 3.4 Mophato 3..................................................................................................................................................... 104 LENAANEFOKO. ................................................................................................................................... 130 CAPS 1
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 2 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 KAROLO 1: matseno A PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO PUO YA GAE 1.1 Lemorago Pegelo ya Kharikhulamo ya Bosetšhaba Mephato R-12 (NCS) e tlhalosa pholisi ya kharikhulamo le tlhatlhobo mo dikolong. Go tokafatsa tiragatso e, Pegelo ya Kharikhulamo ya Bosetšhaba e ne ya mametlelelwa ka dimametlelelo tse di tla diragadiwang ka Firikgong 2012. Tokomana e le nngwe e e sobokantsweng ya Pholisi ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo ya serutwa se sengwe le se sengwe, e ne ya kwalwa go emisetsa Dipegelo tsa Dirutwa, Dikaedi tsa Lenaneothuto le Dikaedi tsa Tlhatlhobo ya Dirutwa Mephato ya R-12 tsa bogologolo. 1.2 Thadiso (a) National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 (Firikgong 2012) e emela pegelo ya pholisi ya go ithuta le go ruta mo dikolong tsa Aforika Borwa mme e na le tse di latelang: (i) Pegelo ya Pholisi ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo ya serutwa se sengwe le se sengwe sa sekolo se se amogetsweng; (ii) Pegelo ya Pholisi ya, National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12; le (iii) Pegelo ya Pholisi ya, National Protocol for Assessment Grades R-12 (Firikgong 2012). (b) The National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 (Firikgong 2012) e emela dipegelo tse pedi tsa kharikhulamo ya bosetšhaba tsa ga jaana, tsona ke: (i) Revised National Curriculum Statement Grades R-9, Government Gazette No. 23406 of 31 May 2002, le (ii) National Curriculum Statement Grades 10-12 Government Gazettes, No. 25545 of 6 October 2003 and No. 27594 of 17 May 2005. (c) Dipegelo tsa kharikhulamo ya bosetšhaba tse di akanngwang go ka dirisiwa mo ditemanengpotlana tsa b(i) le (ii) di na le dipegelo tsa pholisi tse di latelang tse di tla khutlisiwang ka tatelano ke National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 (Firikgong 2012) mo pakeng ya go tloga ka 2012-2014: (i) Lekala la Thuto/Lenaneo la Serutwa, Dikaedi tsa Lenaneothuto, Dikaedi tsa Tlhatlhobo ya Dirutwa tsa Mephato R-9 le Mephato 10-12; (ii) Pegelo ya Pholisi ya National Policy on assessment and qualifications for schools in the General Education and Training Band, e e tlhamilweng sešwa mo Government Notice No. 124 in Government Gazette No. 29626 of 12 February 2007; (iii) Pegelo ya Pholisi ya the National Senior Certificate: A qualification at Level 4 on the National Qualifications Framework (NQF), e e tlhamilweng sešwa mo Government Gazette No.27819 of 20 July 2005; CAPS 3
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 (iv) Pegelo ya Pholisi ya An addendum to the policy document, the National Senior Certificate: A qualification at Level 4 on the National Qualifications Framework (NQF), e e mabapi le barutwana ba ba nang le ditlhokego tse di kgethegileng, e e phasaladitsweng mo Government Gazette, No.29466 of 11 December 2006, e akareditswe mo pegelong ya pholisi ya National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12; le (v) Pegelo ya Pholisi ya An addendum to the policy document, the National Senior Certificate: A qualification at Level 4 on the National Qualifications Framework (NQF), e e mabapi le the National Protocol for Assessment (Grades R-12), e e tlhamilweng sešwa moGovernment Notice No.1267 in Government Gazette No. 29467 of 11 December 2006. (d) Pegelo ya Pholisi ya National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12, le dikarolo tse di mo Pholising ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo jaaka e akanngwang mo Dikgaolong 2, 3 le 4 tsa pegelo e, tse di agang melao le boleng jwa National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12. Ka jalo go ya ka karolo 6A ya South African Schools Act, 1996 (Act No. 84 of 1996,) e aga motheo o Tona ya Thuto ya Motheo e ka tlhomamisang dipoelo tse di lekaneng tsa boleng, gammogo le thulaganyo le tsamaiso ya tlhatlhobo ya diphitlhelelo tsa barutwana e e ka dirisiwang mo dikolong tsa botlhe le mo dikolong tse di ikemetseng ka nosi. 1.3 Maikaelelo a kakaretso a Kharikhulamo ya Aforika Borwa (a) Pegelo ya Kharikhulamo ya Bosetšhaba Mephato R-12 e tlhagisa kitso, dikgono le meetlo e e tshwanelwang ke go ithutiwa mo dikolong tsa Aforika Borwa. Kharikhulamo e ikaelela go netefatsa gore barutwana ba bona le go diragatsa kitso le dikgono ka ditsela tse di nang le bokao mo matshelong a bona. Mo ntlheng e, kharikhulamo e godisa kakanyo ya go tsepamisa kitso ka bokao jwa tikologo, e ntse e sisimoga (tsibogela) botlhokwa jwa lefatshe ka bophara. (b) Pegelo ya Kharikhulamo ya Bosetšhaba Mephato R-12, e arabela maikaelelo a: • go tlamela barutwana, go sa kgathalesege lemorago la ikonomi ya loago, lotso, bong, bokgoni jwa mmele kgotsa bokgoni jwa botlhale, le kitso, dikgono le meetlo tse di tlhokegang go ikgotsofatsa le botsayakarolo jo bo nang le bokao mo loagong jaaka baagi ba naga e e gololesegileng; • e tlamela phitlhelelo ya thuto e e kwa godimo; • go kaela phetogelo ya barutwana go tswa go thuto ya ditheo go ya go lefelo la tiro; le • go tlamela bathati ka tshedimosetso e e lekaneng ya dikgono tsa morutwana. (c) Pegelo ya Kharikhulamo ya Bosetšhaba Mephato R-12 e ikaegile ka metheo e e latelang: • Phetogo ya loago; e netefatsa gore go sa lekalekaneng mo go tsa thuto go go fetileng go a siamisiwa, le gore ditšhono tse di lekalekanang tsa thuto di neelwa baagi botlhe: • Go ithuta go go tlhaga gape go tseneletse, go rotloetsa molebo o o tlhaga e le o o tseneletseng mo thutong, boemong jwa go rutiwa ga go neelwa dinnete go go seng tlhaga e bile go sa tsenelela; • Kitso e e kwa godimo le dikgono tse di kwa godimo; bonnye jwa maemo a kitso le dikgono tse di tshwanetseng go fitlhelelwa mo mophatong o mongwe le o mongwe di totobaditswe le go beelwa seemo se se kwa godimo, seemo se se fitlhelegang mo dirutweng tsotlhe; 4 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 • Tsweletso; diteng le bokao jwa mophato o mongwe le o mongwe di supa tsweletso go tloga go e e bonolo go fitlha go e e gwetlhang tlhaloganyo; • Ditshwanelo tsa botho, boakaretsi, bosiaimisi jwa tikologo le loago; go tsenyeletsa melawana le ditlwaelo tsa bosiamisi jwa tikologo le loago le ditshwanelo tsa botho jaaka di tlhalosiwa mo Molaotheong wa Aforika Borwa. Pegelo ya Kharikhulamo ya Bosetšhaba Mephato R-12. (Ka kakaretso) e bosisi mo dintlheng tsa dipharologano di tshwana le lehuma, go tlhoka tekatekano, lotso, bong, puo, kgolo, bogole le dintlha tse dingwe. • Go totobatsa botlhokwa jwa tsamaiso ya kitso ditso; go lemoga ditiragalo (hisetori) le boswa jo bo humileng jwa naga e jaaka dintlha tse di botlhokwa tse di nonotshang meetlo e e leng teng mo Molaotheong; le • Go ikanyega, boleng le nonofo; go tlamela thuto e e ka bapisiwang le ya dinaga tse dingwe ka boleng, go anama le boteng (d) Pegelo ya Kharikhulamo ya Bosetšhaba Mephato R-12 e ikaelela go tlhagisa barutwana ba ba kgonang go: • lemoga le go rarabolola mathata gape ba tsaya ditshwetso ba akanya ka tsenelelo e bile ba na le boitlhamedi. • dira ka katlego ba le bosi, kana ba na le ba bangwe e le karolo ya setlhopha; • ithulaganya, go itsamaisa le go tsamaisa ditiro tsa bona ka boikarabelo le ka nonofo. • kgobokanya, sekaseka, rulaganya le go tlhatlhoba tshedimosetso ka tsenelelo; • tlhaeletsana ka nonofo ba dirisa dikgono tsa pono, matshwao kgotsa dikgono tsa puo mo mekgweng e e farologaneng; • dirisa saense le thekenoloji ka nonofo le ka tsenelelo ba supa boikarabelo mo tikologong le mo boitekanelong jwa ba bangwe; le • bontsha go tlhaloganya lefatshe jaaka thulaganyo ya ditsamaiso tse di amanang ka go lemoga gore dikaelo tsa tharabololo ya mathata ga di tlhagelele di le tsosi. (e) Boakaretsi bo tshwanetse go nna karolokônôkônô ya thulaganyo, ipaakanyo le go ruta mo sekolong se sengwe le se sengwe. Se, se ka diragala fa fela barutabana botlhe ba nna le tlhaloganyo e e edileng ya go lemoga le go arabela dikgoreletsi tsa go ithuta le go rulaganyetsa dipharologano. Ntlhakgolo mo go tsamaiseng boakaretsi ke go netefatsa gore dikgoreletsi di a lemogiwa le go arabelwa ke ditlhopha tsotlhe tsa tshegetso mo loagong lwa sekolo, go akaretsa barutabana, ditlhopha tsa tshegetso tsa dikgaolothuto, ditlhopha tsa tshegetso tse di mo ditheong, batsadi le dikolo tse di kgethegileng jaaka ditikatikwe tse di tswelang morafe mosola ka kakaretso. Go arabela dikgoreletsi mo phaposiborutelong, barutabana ba tshwanetse go dirisa ditogamaano tse di farologaneng tsa dipharologano tsa kharikhulamo jaaka tse di akareditsweng mo Dikaeding tsa Go Ruta le Go Ithuta ga Boakaretsi tsa Lefapha la Thuto ya Motheo (2010). (Department of Basic Education’s Guidelines for inclusive teaching and learning (2010)). CAPS 5
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 1.4 Kabo ya Nako 1.4.1 Kgato ya Motheo (a) Nako ya go ruta mo Kgatong ya Motheo ke e e latelang MOPHATO R MEPHATO 1-2 MEPHATO 3 SERUTWA (DIURA) (DIURA) (DIURA) Puo ya Gae 10 8/7 8/7 Puo Tlaleletso ya Ntlha 2/3 3/4 Dipalo 7 7 7 Dikgono tsa Botshelo 6 6 7 • Kitso ya Tshimologo (1) (1) (2) • Botshweretsi jwa Boitlhamedi (2) (2) (2) • Thuto ya Ikatiso ya Mmele • Thuto ya boitekanelo jwa motho le loago (2) (2) (2) (1) (1) (1) GOTLHE 23 23 25 (b) Nako ya go ruta ya Mephato R, 1 le 2 ke diura di le 23 mme ya Mophato 3 ke diura di le 25. (c) Diura di le 10 mo dipuong di abetswe Mephato R-2 mme diura di le 11 ke tsa Mophato 2. Bogolo jwa diura di le 8 le bonnye jwa diura di le 7 di abetswe Puo ya Gae, bonnye jwa diura di le 2 le bogolo jwa diura di le 3 di abetswe Puotlaleletso mo Mephatong 1-2. Mo Mophatong 3 bogolo jwa diura di le 8 le bonnye jwa diura di le 7 di abetswe Puo ya Gae fa bonnye jwa diura di le 3 le bogolo jwa diura di le 4 di abetswe Puotlaleletso ya Ntlha. (d) Mo serutweng sa Dikgono tsa Botshelo, Kitso ya Tshimologo e abetswe ura e le 1 mo Mephatong R-2 le diura di le 2 jaaka go kailwe ka diura tse di mo masakaneng mo mophatong wa 3. 1.4.2 Kgato ya Magareng (b) Nako ya go ruta mo Kgatong ya Magareng ke e e latelang: SERUTWA DIURA Puo ya Gae 6 Puotlaleletso ya Ntlha 5 Dipalo 6 Disaense tsa Tlhago le Thekenoloji 3,5 Disaense tsa Loago 3 Dikgono tsa Botshelo 4 (1,5) • Botshweretsi jwa Boitlhamedi (1) • Thuto ya Ikatiso ya Mmele (1,5) • Thuto ya boitekanelo jwa motho le loago GOTLHE 27,5 6 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 1.4.3 Kgato e Kgolwane (a) Nako ya go ruta mo Kgatong e Kgolwane ke e e latelang: SERUTWA DIURA Puo ya Gae 5 Puotlaleletso ya Ntlha 4 Dipalo 4,5 Disaense tsa Tlhago 3 Disaense tsa Loago 3 Thekenoloji 2 Disaense tsa Botsamaisi le Ikonomi 2 Tebanyo le Botshelo 2 Botshweretsi jwa Boitlhamedi 2 GOTLHE 27,5 1.4.4 Mephato 10-12 (a) Nako ya go ruta mo Mephatong 10-12 ke e e latelang: SERUTWA KABO YA NAKO MO BEKENG (DIURA) Puo ya Gae 4.5 Puotlaleletso ya Ntlha 4.5 Dipalo 4.5 Tebanyo le Botshelo 2 Bonnye jwa dirutwa dingwe le dingwe tse tharo di tlhophiwa 12 (3x4 diura) go tswa mo Setlhopheng sa B Mametlelelo B, Mananeo B1-B8 a pegelo ya pholisi ya National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12, e le mabapi le go ya ka mabaka a a botswang pele go dumelanwa ka ona mo ditemaneng tsa 28 tsa pegelo ya pholisi e e bolelwang. GOTLHE 27.5 Nako e e abilweng ya beke e ka dirisediwa bonnye dirutwa tsa NCS tse di tlhokegang jaaka go kailwe fa godimo, e bile e se ke ya dirisediwa dirutwa dipe tsa tlaleletso tse di okeditsweng mo lenaneong la dirutwa. Fa morutwana a ka eletsa go oketsa dirutwa, nako e e okeditsweng e abelwe go rutiwa ga dirutwa tse. CAPS 7
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 KAROLO 2: GO ITSISE DIPUO KGATO YA MOTHEO MATSENO A PUO YA GAE A MOPHATO R-3 2.1 Matseno Mo kgatong ya motheo, dikgono tsa botlhokwa mo kharikhulamong ya Puo ya Gae di akaretsa tse di latelang: Go reetsa le go bua Go akanya le go batla mabaka le popegopuo le tiriso Puiso le medumopuo tse di lomaganngwang le dikgono tsotlhe tse nne tsa puo ( go reetsa, go bua, go buisa le go kwala) Go kwala le mokwalo Diteng (kitso, dikgopolo le dikgono) tse di fitlhelwang mo Kharikhulamong ya Bosetšhaba di rulagantswe mo Pegelong ya Pholisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo, go ya ka dikgweditharo, go dirisiwa ditlhogo tse. Pegelo ya Pholisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo e tlamela barutabana ka tse di latelang: • Matseno a a nang le dikaelo tse di bontshang gore ditokomane tsa Kgato ya Motheo di dirisiwa jang: • Diteng, dikgopolo le dikgono tse di tshwanelang go rutiwa ka kgweditharo e nngwe le nngwe • Dikaelo ka ga kabo ya nako • Ditlhokego tsa ditirwana tsa tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng le dikatlanegiso tsa tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang • Mananeo a didiriswa/dithusathuto tse di atlanegisitsweng go ya ka mephato e e farologaneng 2.2 Molebo o o lotagantsweng Lenaneo la dipuo le na le tomagano le dirutwa tsotlhe. Puo e dirisiwa go kgabaganya kharikhulamo mo ditirong tsotlhe tsa molomo tsa go buisa le go kwala. Bontsi jwa dikgono tsa go reetsa le go buisa di tla tlhabololwa mo dithutong tsa Dipalo le Dikgono tsa Botshelo, tse di dirwang ke dirutwa tse dintsi, tse di jaaka Botsweretshi jwa Botaki le Tshimologo ya Kitso e e akaretsang botho le maemo a loago a a siameng, Disaense tsa Tlhago, Thekenoloji le Disaense tsa Loago. Dithitokgang le ditlhogo di ka tlhophiwa go tswa mo makaleng a dirutwa gore a tlamele bokao mo thutong ya dikgono tsa puo. 2.3 Kabo ya nako Kabo e e latelang ya nako ya dipuo e tla simolola go dirisiwa ka 2012. Nako ya puo mo Mophatong wa Motheo e tla laolwa ke maemo a puo mo sekolong. Dikolo di tla itlhophela gore a di naya Puo ya Gae le Puotlaleletso ya Ntlha nako e ntsi kgotsa e nnye go ya ka ditlhokego tsa barutwana ba bona. Bonnye jwa nako e e neilweng ya Puo ya Gae le Puotlaleletso ya Ntlha e neilwe mo lenaaneng le le latelang: 8 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puo ya gae Puo Tlaleletso ya ntlha Mophato R Diura di le 10 Mophato 1 Diura di le 8(7) Diura di le 3 (2) Mophato 2 Diura di le 8 (7) Diura di le 3 (2) Mophato 3 Diura di le 8 (7) Diura di le 4 (3) Lefapha ga le laolele dikolo gore di ka aroganya bonnye jwa nako jang mo dikarolwaneng tse di farologaneng le fa go na le ditshitsinyo tse di latelang tse di diretsweng mophato o mongwe le o mongwe. MOPHATO 1 PUO YA GAE Palogotlhe mo bekeng Go reetsa le go bua Metsotso e le 15 ka letsatsi mo malatsing a le 3 Metsotso e le 45 Puiso & Medumopuo Medumopuo: metsotso e le 15 ka letsatsi mo malatsing a le 5 Diura di le 4 metsotso e (ura e le 1 le metsotso e le 15) le 30 Puisokopanelo: metsotso e le 15 ka letsatsi mo malatsing a le 4 mo bekeng (ura e le 1) Puiso ka ditlhopha: Metsotso e le 30 ka letsatsi (ditlhopha di le pedi, sengwe le sengwe metsotso e le 15) mo malatsing a le 5 (diura di le 2 metsotso e le 30 ) Mokwalo Metsotso e le 15 mo letsatsing, malatsi a le 4 Ura e le1 Go kwala Metsotso e le 15 mo letsatsing, malatsi a le 3 Metsotso e le 45 Gotlhe mo bekeng Diura di le 7 MOPHATO 2 PUO YA GAE Gotlhe mo bekeng Go reetsa le go bua Metsotso e le 15 mo letsatsing, malatsi a le 3 Metsotso e le 45 Puiso & Medumopuo Medumopuo: Metsotso e le 15 mo letsatsing, malatsi a le 5 (Ura e Diura di le 4 metsotso e le 1 le metsotso e le 45 ) le 30 Puisokopanelo: Metsotso e le 15 ka letsatsi, malatsi a le 3 (Metsotso e le 45 ) Puiso ka ditlhopha: Metsotso e le 30 ka letsatsi (ditlhopha di le pedi, sengwe le sengwe metsotso e le 15, malatsi a le 5 (diura di le 2 metsotso e le 30) Mokwalo Metsotso e le 15 mo malatsing a le 3 Metsotso e le 45 Go kwala Metsotso e le 15 mo malatsing a le 4 Ura e le 1 Gotlhe mo bekeng Diura di le 7 MOPHATO 3 PUO YA GAE Gotlhe mo bekeng Go reetsa le go bua Metsotso e le 15 mo malatsing a le 3 Metsotso e le 45 Puiso le medumopuo Medumopuo; metsotso e le15 mo letsatsing mo malatsing a le 4 Diura di le 4 metsotso e (ura e le nngwe (1) ) le 30 Puisokopanelo: metsotso e le 20 ka letsatsi mo malatsing a le 3 (ura e le1) Puiso ka ditlhopha metsotso e le 30 ka letsatsi (ditlhopha di le 2 metsotso e le 15 ) malatsi a le 5 (diura di le 2 metsotso e le 30) Mokwalo Metsotso e le15 malatsi a le 3 mo bekeng Metsotso e le 45 Go kwala Metsotso e le 20 malatsi a le 3 mo bekeng Ura le 1 Gotlhe mo bekeng Diura di le 7 CAPS 9
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Lefapha ga le laolele dikolo gore di ka aroganya bogolo jwa nako jang mo dikarolwaneng tse di farologaneng le fa go na le ditshitsinyo tse di latelang tse di diretsweng mophato o mongwe le o mongwe. MOPHATO 1 PUO YA GAE Palogotlhe mo bekeng Go reetsa le go bua Metsotso e le 15 ka letsatsi mo malatsing a le 4 Ura e le 1 Puiso & Medumopuo Medumopuo: metsotso e le 15 ka letsatsi mo malatsing a le 5 (ura Diura di le 5 e le 1 le metsotso e le 15) Puisokopanelo: metsotso e le 15 ka letsatsi mo malatsing a le 5 mo bekeng (ura e le 1 metsotso e le 15) Puiso ka ditlhopha: Metsotso e le 30 ka letsatsi (ditlhopha di le pedi, sengwe le sengwe metsotso e le 15) mo malatsing a le 5 (diura di le 2 metsotso e le 30 ) Mokwalo Metsotso e le 15 mo letsatsing, malatsi a le 4 Ura e le1 Go kwala Metsotso e le 20 mo letsatsing, malatsi a le 3 Ura e le1 Gotlhe mo bekeng Diura di le 8 MOPHATO 2 PUO YA GAE Gotlhe mo bekeng Go reetsa le go bua Metsotso e le 15 mo letsatsing, malatsi a le 4 Ura e le 1 Puiso & Medumopuo Medumopuo: Metsotso e le 15 mo letsatsing, malatsi a le 5 (Ura e Diura di le 5 le 1 le metsotso e le 15 ) Puisokopanelo: Metsotso e le 15 ka letsatsi, malatsi a le 5 (ura e le 1 metsotso e le 15) Puiso ka ditlhopha: Metsotso e le 30 ka letsatsi (ditlhopha di le pedi, sengwe le sengwe metsotso e le 15, malatsi a le 5 (diura di le 2 metsotso e le 30) Mokwalo Metsotso e le 15 mo malatsing a le 4 Ura e le 1 Go kwala Metsotso e le 20 mo malatsing a le 3 Ura e le 1 Gotlhe mo bekeng Diura di le 8 MOPHATO 3 PUO YA GAE Gotlhe mo bekeng Go reetsa le go bua Metsotso e le 15 mo malatsing a le 4 Ura e le 1 Puiso le medumopuo Medumopuo; metsotso e le15 mo letsatsing mo malatsing a le 5 Ura e le 5 (ura e le 1 metsotso e le 15) Puisokopanelo: metsotso e le 15 ka letsatsi mo malatsing a le 5 (ura e le 1 metsotso e le 15) Puiso ka ditlhopha metsotso e le 30 ka letsatsi (ditlhopha di le 2 metsotso e le 15) malatsi a le 5 (diura di le 2 metsotso e le 30) Mokwalo Metsotso e le15 malatsi a le 4 mo bekeng Ura e le 1 Go kwala Metsotso e le 20 malatsi a le 3 mo bekeng Ura le 1 Gotlhe mo bekeng Diura di le 8 10 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 2.4 Tlhatlhobo tokomane ya CAPS e neela ditlhokego tsa Tiro nngwe le nngwe ya tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng. KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO MOPHATO SERUTWA GOTLHE 1 2 3 4 1 Puo ya gae 1 2 2 2 7 2 Puo ya gae 1 2 2 2 7 3 Puo ya gae 1 3 3 2 9 Mo Kgweditharong ya ntlha go na le tirwana ya tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng e le nngwe (e e akaretsang mefuta ya palo ya dikarolwana tse di rutang ka dintlha tse di farologaneng tsa puo) mo Mophato 1-3. Mo mophatong 1 dikolo di rotloediwa go tlhatlhoba ka tlhatlhobo ya motheo mo kgweditharong ya ntlha. Go tlaleletsa, go neelwa ditshitsinyo tsa tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang e e tla thusang go ruta le go ithuta ga letsatsi le letsatsi mme e ka se rekotiwe ka tlhamalalo. 2.5 Go reetsa le go bua Barutwana ba tla tswelela go tlhabolola dikgono tsa bona tsa go reetsa le go bua ka iketlo, e se fela mo karolwaneng nngwe le nngwe ya puo, mme e le mo dirutweng tse dingwe. Ka go reetsa le go bua go le botlhokwa mo go ithuteng dirutwa tsotlhe, go botlhokwa gore dikgono tse, di tlhabololwe sentle go sa le gale mo botshelong jwa thuto jwa ngwana. Ke ka moo mo Kgatong ya Motheo, go na le nako e e kgethegileng e e abetsweng go tlhabolola dikgono tse pedi tse di botlhokwa tse. Kabo ya nako ya go reetsa le go buisa e neela: (1) Nako e e dirisitsweng mo tshimologong ya letsatsi (2) Ditirwana tse di totileng go reetsa le go bua. 2.5.1 Ditiro tsa molomo mo tshimologong ya letsatsi Barutwana ba tshwanetse go simolola ka Tiro ya molomo e khutshwane letsatsi le lengwe le lengwe. Dirisa nako e go: • Bua ka letsatsi, letlha, tšhate ya maemo a bosa, matsatsi a barutwana a matsalo, matsatsi a ditiragalo tse di kgethegileng. • Netefatsa go nna teng ga barutwana: bitsa maina a bona go tswa mo rejisetareng gore o kgone go bona ba ba leng teng/ba ba seng teng • Reetsa barutwana ba le mmalwa ba tlotla dikgang tsa bona, ‘bontsha le go tlotla’ ka ga setshwantsho kgotsa selo fela, bua ka ga bukatsatsi, metshameko, dikonsarata, ditiragalo tse go buiwang ka tsona thata le go tlotla dikgang fela. Leka go reetsa dikgang tsa morutwana mongwe le mongwe bonnye gangwe mo dibekeng tse pedi. CAPS 11
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 2.5.2 Ditirwana tse di totilweng Tlhokomelo e e kgethegileng e tshwanetse go neelwa dikgono tsa go reetsa le go bua mo Kgatong ya Motheo yotlhe. Nako e e abetsweng Tiro ya molomo e akaretsa ditirwana tsa go reetsa le go bua tse di totileng dikgono tse di kgethegileng bonnye gabedi ka beke. Ditokomane tsa Pegelo ya Pholisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo jaanong di neela: (1) Dikgono tsa go reetsa le go buisa tsa letsatsi le letsatsi/beke le beke, (2) Lenaane la dikgono tse dingwe tsa botlhokwa tsa go reetsa le go bua. Kgaoganyo e, e thusa morutabana go kgona go rulaganya go ruta dithuto tsa gagwe tse di totileng go reetsa le go bua di lebile go tlhabolola dikgono di ka nna 2-3 ka nako e le nngwe. Ditirwana tse di totilweng di tshwanetse go lotaganngwa le Terama e e leng karolo ya Botsweretshi jwa Botaki mo thutong ya Dikgono tsa Botshelo. 2.6 Nako e e tsepameng ya go buisa le go kwala Mo Mophato 1-3, go buisa le go kwala, di tshwanetse go dirwa ka nako e e totilweng ya go buisa le go kwala. Ke ka nako e, mo barutwana ba rutiwang ka tsenelelo go nna babuisi le bakwadi ba ba nonofileng. Mo letsatsing lengwe le lengwe go tshwanetse ga beelwe kwa thoko nako ya dithuto tse di totilweng tse di akaretsang puiso (Puisokopanelo, Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha, go buisa ka bobedi le ka bongwe, medumo) le go kwala (go kwala ka kopanelo, go kwala ka ditlhopha le go kwala ka nosi, thutapuo le ditirwana tsa mopeleto). Ka nako e, morutabana o dira puisokaelo le ditlhopha di le pedi, fa barutwana ba bangwe ba santse ba dira ditiro tsa popagano tse di jaaka go tekatlhaloganyo e e kwadilweng, medumopuo, mopeleto, thutapuo le go kwala. Puiso ka bobedi/puiso ka nosi e ka diragadiwa ka gongwe Pegelo ya Pholisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo ya Kgato ya Motheo e aroganya ditlhokego tsa Puiso ka: • Puisokopanelo (go akaretsa go kwala go go kopanetsweng) • Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Puiso ka bobedi/ Puiso ka nosi • Medumopuo (go akaretsa le temogo ya pharologano ya medumopuo) 2.6.1 Puisokopanelo Puisokopanelo (le/ mokwalo wa kopanelo) go le gantsi e dirwa mo metsotsong ya ntlha e le 15 e e totileng go buisa le go kwala. Morutabana o dira mmogo le barutwana botlhe mo phaposing. Puisokopanelo e tla diragatswa gabedi (2) go ya go nne (4) mo bekeng go dirisiwa setlhangwa se le sengwe se se atolositsweng jaaka dibuka tse dikgolo, diphousetara le ditshwantsho kgotsa setlhangwa se se mo sebonatsing sa porojekerata kgotsa ditlhangwa tsa maitlhomo le tse e seng tsa maitlhomo go morutwana mongwe le mongwe. Le fa go tla bo go dirisiwa setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng, ditlhangwa tse di tlhophelwang mophato mongwe le mongwe di tshwanetse go okediwa ka boleele le ka marara a tsona go thalala ngwaga le go phatlalala le mephato yotlhe. Barutwana ba tla itsisiwe dikgang tse di farologaneng, maboko, diraeme le tsa metshameko gammogo le ditlhangwa tsa tshedimosetso le tsa dikerafo. Kopano nngwe le nngwe ya puisokopanelo e tla nna le go ithuta mo go totilweng tse di latelang: Dikgopolo tsa mokwalo, diponagalo tsa setlhangwa, medumopuo, dipaterone tsa puo, ditogamaano tsa go lemoga mafoko le go 12 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 tlhaloganya mo magatong a a farologaneng (sk. ka bokao jo bo tlhamaletseng, go boeletsa thulaganyo, go ipopela bokao, go tlhatlhoba le go botsa dipotso tse di tsosang kgatlhego. Kopano ya ntlha e tobile go itumedisa barutwana le ‘tebo’ ya ntlha ya setlhangwa, fa barutwana ba neela maitemogelo a bona ka ga setlhangwa. Mo kopanong e e latelang, go dirisiwa setlhangwa sona sele mme ntlhatebo e fetogela go nna e barutwana ba tsayang karolo mo go buiseng le morutabana, a dirisa dipuisano tse di godisang tlotlofoko, go tlhaloganya, bontsha dikgono tsa kgopolo le dipopego tsa setlhangwa (jaaka thutapuo, matshwao a puiso). Mo letsatsing la boraro le la bone fa go kgonagala, barutwana ba buisa setlhangwa ka bobona ba tsaya karolo mo motlotlong, ditirwana tsa tiriso le tse di kwadilweng ka ga setlhangwa. Tse dingwe tsa ditlhangwa di ka dirisiwa fela mo letsatsing le le lengwe (1) kgotsa a le mabedi (2) segolo mo Mophatong 2 le 3. 2.6.2 Mokwalokopanelo Fa go kgonega, setlhangwa sa puisokopanelo se tshwanetse sa thusa mo go kwaleng go go kopanetsweng mo morutabana a ba bontshang mokgwa wa go kwala setlhangwa. Barutwana ba tsaya karolo mo go tlhameng setlhangwa, fa morutabana e nna mogokaganyi le mokwadi wa setlhangwa fela. Setlhangwa sa puisokopanelo se ka dirisiwa go neela dikao tsa dipaterone tsa puo, tlhopho ya mopeleto kgotsa diponagalo tse dingwe tsa setlhangwa tse di leng mosola mo go siamisetseng ditlhangwa tse dišwa. Go bontsha thulaganyo ya go kwala, go thusa go baakanyetsa barutwana dikgono tsa bona tsa go kwala. Puisokopanelo le mokwalo o o kopanetsweng, di tshwanetse go dirwa mo Mephatong 1-3. 2.6.3 Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha, Se, ke togamaano ya go ruta barutwana go buisa go ya ka bokgoni jwa ditlhopha tsa bona, mo maloko otlhe a setlhopha a buisang setlhangwa se le sengwe ka thuso ya morutabana mme se tshwanetse go dirwa letsatsi le letsatsi. Puisokaelo e akaretsa morutabana a le mo setlhopheng sa barutwana ba ka nna 6 go ya go 10 mo kopanong e le nngwe. Morutabana o rulaganya dithuto a akaretsa maano a go tlhasela mafoko a a farologaneng a barutwana ba tla ithutang go a dirisa fa ba kopana le dikgwetlho tse di rileng mo ditlhangweng. Mmuisano ka setlhangwa magareng ga morutabana le barutwana (le barutwana ka bobona) ke ntlhakgolo mo mokgweng o. Ka nako e, morutabana ga a tshwanela go tsenwa gare ke barutwana ba bangwe ba ba dirang ditirwana tsa bona ka nosi. Kopano nngwe le nngwe ya setlhopha, e tshwanetse go nna magareng ga metsotso e le 10 le 15 ka boleele, mo ditlhopha di le pedi di buisang le morutabana letsatsi le letsatsi (nako yotlhe ka letsatsi e nne halofo ya ura ). 2.6.4 Go aga ditlhopha tsa bokgoni Ditlhangwa di tlhophiwa go ya ka ditaelo tsa maemo a go buisa a setlhopha. Mokgwa o o bonolo wa go tlhomamisa kgato le, le go aroganya barutwana ka ditlhopha ke ka go ela tlhoko babuisi fa ba buisa setlhangwa. Lenaane la maitsholo a a ka lemosegang le le ka thusang ka go aroganya barutwana ka ditlhopha ka nako ya puisokaelo ke le le latelang: • Setlhangwa se tshwanelwa ke go buisiwa ka bonolo mme se santse se na le dikgwetlho di le mmalwa mo go mmuisi tsa go gopola le go tlhaloganya. Mmuisi o tshwanetse go lemoga le go gopola ka bonako mafoko a le 90% - 95%. Botlhe ba tshwanetse go fetsa go buisa se se tlhophilweng mo metsotsong ee beilweng. • Ba tla buisa ka thelelo le ka go tlhagisa maikutlo a a maleba. • Ba tla kgatlhegela setlhangwa • Ba ka se tlhoke go supa tlhaka ka tlhaka fa ba buisa • Ba tla buisa ka setu. CAPS 13
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Dikgato mo thutong ya Puisokaelo ya ditlhopha i. Tlhopha setlhangwa se se maleba: Dipadiso tse di tlhophilweng ka maemo di tla dirisiwa thata ka nako ya puiso ya ditlhopha. Di tshwanetse go nna tsa maemo a a kwa tlase mo go tse di dirisediwang puisokopanelo. Buisa setlhangwa sotlhe pele, mme o kwale dintlha dingwe le dingwe ka diponagalo tse di ka nnang teng, tlotlofoko kgotsa popapolelo tse e leng gore di ka gwetlha barutwana. Se, se ka neela morutabana ntlha e a ka itebaganyang le yona. ii. Matseno Itsise mofuta wa buka kgotsa kgaolo ya paka ya go ruta, le go ba itsise setlhogo sa thuto. Thusa barutwana go golaganya setlhogo le maitemogelo a bona a botshelo. A morutabana a dire gore barutwana ba tsepame mo mmuisanong wa setlhangwa se ba se buisang, mme mmuisano o, e nne o o lekaneng gore barutwana ba kgone go buisa ka katlego (metsotso e le 2-3). iii. Puo ka setshwantsho kgotsa ka go latlhela matlho fela: Mo barutwaneng ba bannye, bua ka bokhutshwane ka ditshwantsho tse di mo bukeng kgotsa kgaolo a tlhagisa dintlha tsa botlhokwa mme a botsa dipotso ka ga se se ka tswang se diragala ka nako e mo setlhangweng. Mo barutwaneng ba bagolwane, ba rute go latlhela matlho mo setlhangweng ba etse tlhoko ditlhogo tsa setlhangwa, tsa dikgaolo, le ponagalo nngwe le nngwe ya thulaganyo ya setlhangwa (sk. lenaane la diteng, dikarolwana) tse di mo setlhangweng. Fa go tlhagelela mafoko a mašwa kgotsa a a marara/thata mo setlhangweng, morutabana a itsise barutwana mafoko ao mo ‘puong ka ga setlhangwa’ pele ga barutwana ba ipuisetsa setlhangwa ka bobona. Seno se tshwanetse go tsaya metsotso e le 2-3. iv. Puiso ya ntlha: Barutwana ba buisa setlhangwa ka bobona. Babuisi ba ntlha ba ka nna ba buisetsa kwa godimo kgotsa ba ‘buisa ba sebaseba’, fa babuisi ba ba setseng ba na le maitemogelo bona ba buisa ka setu go fitlhela morutabana a ba kopa go buisetsa kwa godimo. Morutabana a tlhokomele mokgwa wa barutwana wa go buisa mme a tlhophe thuto ya tlaleletso e a ikaegile mo go yona e e ikaegileng ka se a se lemogileng mo go bona. Morutabana o tla tsamaya mo morutwaneng mongwe le mongwe go utlwelela fa ba buisetsa temana e khutshwane kwa godimo. Mo sebakeng se, morutabana o tlhotlheletsa barutwana ka go bua dikao tse di latelang: • O solofela go buisa ka ga eng mo setlhangweng se? • A mme se o se buisang se dira tlhaloganyo mo go wena? • O dirile sentle! O kgonne go siamisa diphoso tsa gago. Go dira tlhaloganyo. • Ke eng se se utlwalang se siame mo polelong e? • Lebelela ditshwantsho. • Go ka nna jalo, fela lebelela tlhaka ya ntlha gape. 14 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 v. Puisano: Fa barutwana ba boditse dipotso mo kgatong ya puo ka ga setshwantsho, boela kwa dipotsong mme lo buisane ka dikarabo tsa teng. Puisano e ka akaretsa gape le tsepamo mo medumopuong, go tlhaloganya kgotsa dintlha tsa thutapuo. Buisanang ka setlhangwa o sa lebale dipotso tse di farologaneng tse di tshwanetseng go akarediwa mo motlotlong go tlhabolola kgono ya bona ya go tlhaloganya. vi. Puiso ya bobedi le e e latelang: Fa malatsing a a latelanang, barutwana ba buisa setlhangwa gape ka bobedi kgotsa a le nosi. Tsepamiso e e botlhokwa fa, ke go tlhabolola/godisa puiso ka thelelo le go neelana ka ditšhono tsa go dirisa setlhangwa go aga tlotlofoko, thutapuo le boteng jwa go tlhaloganya setlhangwa. Farologanya mokgwa o se se ka dirwang ka teng, sekao, ba buisa dikarolo tsa modiragatsi kgotsa ba refosana go buisa tsebe kgotsa temana. Barutwana ba bagolwana, ba ba setseng ba na le maitemogelo a go buisa, ba ka nna ba itlhophela temana e e kgethegileng e ba ka e buisang mo nakong e e rileng. Puiso ka bobedi le ka nosi Puiso ka bobedi le ka nosi e thusa morutwana go ikatisa go buisa e bile e rotloetsa go buisetsa go ijesa monate. Barutwana ba ka boeletsa go buisa dipadiso tsa phaposi kgotsa tsa setlhopha kgotsa ba ka buisa dibuka tsa go ijesa monate kgotsa tsa go tlaleletsa dipadiso. Setlhangwa e nne sa maemo a a kwa tlase ga se se dirisitsweng mo puisokopanelong le mo puisokaelong ya ditlhopha. Puiso e e kopanetsweng e ka dirwa nako nngwe le nngwe, gongwe le gongwe, e le tirwana ya go buisa ya mo phaposing. Barutwana ba ka nna ka bobedi ba le kwa ntle kgotsa ba le ka mo phaposing, gore ba buise mmogo kgotsa ba refosane go buisa kgotsa barutwana ba le babedi ba ba setseng ba feditse ditiro tsa bona, ba ka buisa mmogo fa ba bangwe ba tsweletse go feleletsa tiro ya bona. Fa barutwana ba buisa ditlhangwa ka bobona, ba tlhabolola/godisa go buisa ga bona ka thelelo, fa e le gore dibuka tsa bona di bonolo go ba kgontsha go buisa ka bobona kwa ntle ga thuso. Dibuka tse dikhutshwane tse di bonolo tse di nang le ditlhangwa tsa ponelopele le ditshwantsho tsa mebala, ke tsona tse di ka dirisiwang. Barutabana ba bangwe ba rata go neela barutwana tiro ya go buisa ka nosi kwa gae. Puiso ya kwa gae e tshwanetse e akaretse go boeletsa buka ya puiso ka setlhopha kgotsa dibuka tse di buisetswang go ijesa monate. Ditiro tse tsa go ikatisetsa go buisa kwa gae tse di okeditsweng, fa di dirwa nako le nako, tsatsi lengwe le lengwe, di mosola mo go ithuteng go itse go buisa. Dikarolwana di le tlhano tsa go ruta go buisa Baitseanape ba le bantsi ba puiso ba dumelana gore go na le dikarolwana di le tlhano tsa go ruta puiso: • Temogo ya medumopuo • Temogo ya mafoko (mafoko a a leng teng le medumopuo) • Go tlhaloganya • Tlotlofoko • Go buisa ka thelelo Nngwe le nngwe ya dikarolwana tse, di tshwanetse go rutwa sentle di katisiwe letsatsi le letsatsi. CAPS 15
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Temogo ya medumopuo Temogo ya medumopuo ke go lemoga gore puo e na le tatelano ya medumo le go kgona go lemoga medumo e e ikemetseng ka nosi e, gore e ka dira mafoko jang le gore mafoko a, a ka bopa dipolelo jang. Go tlhabolola temogo e, go tshwanetse ga simololwa go sa le gale mo Mophatong 1. Tatelano ya dikgato tsa go ruta temogo ya medumopuo e ka nna: • Ditirwana tse di totileng raeme (sk. batla modumo o o rumang le lefoko ‘phakisa’ (mo pineng motse wa šwa) • Ditirwana tse di totileng diyuniti tsa dinoko (sk. Opa diatla go tsamaelana le leina la gago, sk. Mo-si-di) • Ditirwana tse di totileng tshimologo (karolo e e fa pele ga tumanosi sk b+uka) le mopeleto wa morumo (ditumanosi) + ditumammogo tse di latelang) (sk. ‘Tlo+la’ le ‘tsa + ya’). • Ditirwana tse di totileng medumo ya ditlhaka: kopanya medumo e: tl/-/o/-ga/ • Nyalanya ditirwana: A tse di latelang di simolola ka go tshwana?, motlhala/motlhaba. • Ditirwana tse di beetsweng kwa thoko: O utlwa eng mo tshimologong ya lefoko mosweu? • Ditirwana tse di emelang tse dingwe: O tla nna le lefoko lefe fa o ka ntsha /l/ o o mo go ‘fela’ go emelwa ke /p/? • Patagano ya ditirwana: o tla nna le lefoko lefe fa o pataganya medumopuo e e latelang: - /M/pho/ (medumopatagano) - /mo/ma/ (medumo e e simololang le go raema, sk. pha mo go motse wa šwa) - /pha/ki/sa/ - dinokopatagano • Ditirwana tsa kgaoganyo ya medumo: bua medumo e o e utlwang mo lefokong le: - aroganya dinoko: se/tlha/re - kgaoganya medumo: /l/e/e/b/a - Ditirwana tsa go tlogela modumo • Selepe o tlogela se go sala lepe (Tlogelo ya noko) • Mpho re tlogela M go sala pho (Tlogelo ya tlhaka ya ntlha ya lefoko) • Sega re tlogela S re sala ka -ega (Tlogelo ya tlhaka ya modumo Ditirwana tse di nang le mosola tse di dirisetswang go tlhabolola dikgono tsa motheo jaaka go reetsa di akaretsa metshameko ya theetso, diraeme tsa bana, metshameko e e nang le morumo le go tshameka metshameko e e nang 16 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 le dipoeletsomodumo (mafoko a a simololang ka lefoko le le dumang ka go tshwana). Medumopuo Medumopuo e kaya go duma ga mafoko le matshwao (ditlhaka tsa alefabete) tse di dirisiwang go di emela. Medumopuo ke sediriswa se se botlhokwa mo go buiseng le mo go kwaleng. Go na le mananeo a a farologaneng a medumopuo. Dikolo di ka itlhophela lenaneo le le ka tshegetsang go ruta ka thulaganyo fa go rutiwa medumopuo mo sekolong. Dikolo di tshwanetse go ikanyega mo mananeong a di a tlhophileng. Tatelano e e tshitsintsweng ya go tsenya dielemente tsa medumopuo mo tokomaneng ya Pegelo ya Pholisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo ke kaedi fela. Fa lenaneo le latelana ka mokgwa o o farologaneng, bogolo latela le. Le ga le, mokgwa o medumopuo e e tsenngwang ka gona mo thutong, go tshwanetse go tshwane le o Pegelo ya Pholisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo e tsamayang ka ona. Medumopuo le mokwalo, di tshwanetse go tshwaraganngwa le thuto ya medumopuo le ka mokgwa o e kwalwang ka teng. Ruta medumopuo e e dirisiwang thata mo Mophato 1. Gakologelwa gape le ka mo ditlhaka di agiwang ka teng, sekao, yo mongwe a ka itlhophela go ruta b pele ga a le tlhaka ya l pele ga h. Tokomane ya Pegelo ya Pholisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo e naya tsamao/kgato ya tshimologo ya medumopuo gore modumo kgotsa medumo e le mebedi e mešwa e rutwe mo bekeng nngwe le nngwe mo dikgweditharong tsa ntlha tse pedi gore bonnye go rutwe medumopuo e le robedi mo bokhutlong jwa kgweditharo ya ntlha, tse di setseng di rutwe mo halofong ya kgweditharo ya bobedi ya Mophato 1. Mo go yona nako e, tswelela ka ikatiso ya go aga le go kgaoganya mafoko. Mo Mephatong 2 le 3 go ka rutiwa kgolagano ya ditumammogo le ditumanosi tse dintsinyana, go oketswa maemo a tsona a marara/bothata fa ngwaga o ntse o tsamaya le go fetela mo mephatong e mengwe gape e mebedi. Go ruta medumopuo ga se tiro e e direlwang kwa thoko mme go tshwanetse ga tshwaraganngwa le lenaneo la puisokopanelo. Fa barutwana ba tsweletse ba ithuta thulaganyo ya medumopuo ya puo e e rutiwang, ba tshwanetse ba rotloediwa go dirisa ‘mopeleto o o itlhametsweng’ go fitlha ba ithuta mopeleto o o tlwaelegileng. Barutwana ba ba dirisang mopeleto o o itlhametsweng ba peleta botoka go na le ba ba sa o diriseng. Lwela gore barutwana ba kwale ka medumopuo e e nepagetseng ka gonne modumo mongwe le mongwe o na le se o se emelang mo lefokong, sk. ‘ngko’ Mopeleto o gokagana thata le modumopuo mme lenaane la mopeleto le tshwanetse go tlhotlhelediwa ke medumopuo e e rutilweng mo bekeng eo. Le fa go ruta mopeleto go dirwa ka mokgwa o o sa tlhomamang mo Mephatong 1 le 2, mo Mophatong 3, go dirisiwe lenaneo le le tlhomameng la mopeleto, le tsenngwe mo tirisong ka dipaka tsa diteko tsa mopeleto le go dira ditirwana tsa piletso. Le gale, mopeleto o o nepagetseng o tlhoka go bonagala sentle mo tirong e barutwana ba e kwadileng mme e seng fela mo ditekong tsa mopeleto le dipiletso. Temogo ya mafoko Mafoko a a nnang a le teng (kgotsa mafoko a ‘leba o bue’) a dira gore morutwana a lemoge lefoko le le ikemetseng ka nosi ‘mo go a a leng teng’ ka go boaboeletsa lefoko. Mafoko a a tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa mo setlhangweng (mafoko a a tlhagelelang thata) a ka ithutiwa ka mokgwa o. (Setswana, go farologana le dipuo tse dingwe, se na le phesente e nnye ya mafoko a a sa peletiweng go ya ka mokgwa wa tlwaelo, se se raya gore go na le mafoko a a sa kwalweng go ya ka mokgwa o a dumisiwang ka gona, sk. fa o kwala lefoko nko ga o kwale ngko). Dirisa dithuto tsa puisokopanelo le puisokaelo ya ditlhopha go bontsha sekao sa togamaano ya menwana e le metlhano (5) mo e leng gore monwana o le mongwe o emela togamaano e mmuisi a ka e dirisang go bona tatelano CAPS 17
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 ya gore a ka kgona go buisa mafoko a a sa itseng le bokao jwa ona jang: Monwana o mogolo/kgonojwe: Tlogela lefoko mme o buise go fitlha kwa bofelong jwa polelo. Monwana wa ntlha: Lebelela setshwantsho Monwana wa bobedi: Lebelela lefoko gore o bone gore a go itsiwe dikarolo tse dingwe tsa lefoko. Monwana wa boraro: Dumisa lefoko Monwana wa bone: Kopa thuso go buisa lefoko kgotsa go tlhaloganya bokao jwa lona Simolola go ruta barutwana ditogamaano tse gore di ba thuse fa ba kopana le mafoko a ba sa a itseng. Go tlhaloganya: Ka nako ya thuto ya puiso, morutabana o na le ditšhono di le dintsi tse a ka di dirisang go dirisa barutwana mo maemong a a farologaneng a go akanya le go botsa dipotso. Tse ke ditsela di le mmalwa tsa go simolola dipotso tse di tla thusang ka tlhabololo/kgolo ya dikgono tsa go tlhaloganya dipotso tse di marara/thata le tse di bonolo mmogo: Go tlhaloganya lefoko ka lefoko jaaka le ntse • Tlhaola …. (sk. tlhaola moanelwamogolo mo kgannyeng) • Supa … (sk. Supa sejanaga se senokwane se neng se se kgweetsa) • Nopola mola o o reng … (sk. Nopola mola o o go bolelelang gore nkoko o ne a sa itumela) • Tlhalosa… (sk. Tlhalosa molotsana mo kgannyeng.) • Batla… (sk. Batla leina la buka e a neng a e buisa) • Bontsha … (sk. Mpontshe karolo ya kgang e o e ratileng thata.) • Batlisisa … (sk. Batlisisa lefelo le ba lelapa ba neng ba kgweeletsa kwa go lona mo kgannyeng) • Bolela… (sk. Bolela leina la ntšwanyana e ntsho e e tshabileng) Go rulaganya gape • Tshwantshanya…. (sk.Tswantshanya bokgaitsedi ba babedi. Ke eng se se farologaneng mo go bona?) • Kwala lenaane…. (sk. Kwala lenaane la maina a mafelo a rremogolo a a etetseng ka go latelana) • Bapisa… (sk Bapisa lefelo le ba neng ba nna kwa go lona le legae la bona le le šwa) • Aroganya…. (sk. Aroganya diphologolo tse di mo kgannyeng ka ditlhopha di le pedi, tse di neng di siametse mosetsana le tse di neng di leka go mo ja). • Kgaoganya ka ditlhopha… (sk. Kgaoganya diphologolo mo kgannyeng go ya ka ditlhopha) • Sobokanya… (sk. Sobokanya kgang ka dipolelo tse di sa feteng nne) 18 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 • Ke eng …se se farologaneng le… (sk. Mogaka o farologana jang le molotsana? Go ipopela bokao • Dira jaaka e kete… (sk. Dira jaaka e kete o mogaka. O ka bo o dirile eng?) • Go itlhoma… (sk. go itlhoma gore fa motlhokomela-serapa sa diphologolo a ka bo a tlogetse kgoro ya ntlwana e sa tswalwa. Go ka bo go diragetse eng?) • Fa nka bo…. (sk. A nka bo monna a fitlheletse letlhakore le lengwe la noka ka mokgwa mongwe o o farologaneng?) • Bokao ke eng … (sk. Ke eng se se diragetseng ka ntlha ya tshwetso eo?) • Ke eng se se ka bong se diragetse fa…. (sk. Ke eng se se ka bong se diragetse fa rraagwe a ka bo a ile a ya go bona malomaagwe?) • Ke ditlamorago dife…. (sk. Ke ditlamorago dife tse di tlhodilweng ke ditiro tsa gagwe?) Tlhatlhoba • Fa o ka… (sk. Fa nkokoaagwe a ka bo a mmoleletse kgang go ka bo go diragetse eng?) • Go ya ka wena… (sk. Go ya ka wena a mosimane o ne a siame go itshola ka tsela eo?) • A o a dumela… (sk. A o dumela gore go tlogela legae e ne e le tlhopho e e siameng?) • A o ka bo o dirile jalo… (sk. A o ka bo o dirile selo se se tshwanang le seo fa o ka bo o ne o le mo maemong ao?) • A go siame gore… (sk. A go siame gore malomaagwe a bo a mo kobile mo ntlong ka ntlha ya go bo a utswitse borotho?) • Ke eng se se tlhalosang botoka… (sk. Ke eng se se tlhalosang moanelwamogolo wa kgang botoka?) Go kgatlhegela • O ne o akanya ka ga eng fa (sk. O ne o akanya gore go ka diragala eng fa tau e ne e ka bula molomo wa yona?) • A lefoko le/polelwana e, e nonofile mo go… (sk. a lefoko le le siametse go ka tlhalosa molotsana?) • A o itse mongwe yo o jaaka… (sk. A o itse mongwe yo o itsholang jaaka mogoloe?) • Goreng o ne o rata/o sa rate… (sk. Ke goreng fa a ne a sa rate malomaagwe?) Dira gape ka dikgono tse di fetang tsa tlhaloganyo go ruta barutwana go itse go itebelela fa ba buisa, e nne mo lekaleng la go lemoga mafoko le la go a tlhaloganya. Barutwana ba tshwanetse go rutiwa go botsa: ‘A mme go utlwala sentle?’ ‘A e ntse sentle?’ le ‘A e a tlhaloganyesega?’ Ba bontshe thulaganyo e e mo Puisokopanelong mme CAPS 19
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 o e dirise mo Puisokaelong ya ditlhopha. Go buisa ka thelelo Go buisa ka thelelo go akaretsa: • Go nepa go tlhaloganya mafoko - go kgona go supa bontsi jwa mafoko ka nepagalo. • Lebelo kgotsa seelo sa go buisa - go lemoga mafoko ka bobona fela - go kgona go ntsha mafoko mo tsebeng ka bonako ntle le matsapa ape fela • Melawana ya go rulaganya mafoko go ya ka medumo - Go buisa ka nepagalo ka mela le ka go itlhagisa ka tshwanelo • Go tlhaloganya Maemo a go buisa ka thelelo a ka tokafadiwa ka go ruta dikgono tse di kgethegileng tsa go buisa le go ba lemosa mokgwa o ba ka lemogang mafoko ka ona ka go tlhopha ditlhangwa tse di bonolo, ka go ba neela ditlhangwa di le dintsi tse di tsosang kgatlhego ya go buisa, ka go ba buisetsa dibuka le ka go ba okeletsa dibuka tse ba ka di buisang. “Puisetsogodimo” ka morutabana Karolwana ya bofelo e e botlhokwa ya lenaneo le le lekanetseng la go buisa ke la puisetsogodimo (ka nako ya dikgang) ka morutabana. Seno se tlhabolola/godisa dikgono tse dintsi tse di farologaneng tsa puo (go akaretsa tsa go buisa) mo tirisong e isegang e bile e le kwa botennye jwa lenaneo le le lekanetseng la kitso ya go kwalo le puiso. Ka ‘go buisetsa kwa godimo’, morutabana a ka tsosolosa lerato la go buisa le go kgatlhegela dikgang mo barutwaneng. Dintlha tse dintsi ka ga dintlha tsotlhe tsa go ruta go buisa di ka bonwa mo Department of Education’s handbook, Teaching Reading in the Early Grades. (2008). 2.7 Go kwala Barutwana ba simolola Mophato 1 ka go ‘kwala’ ba dirisa ditshwantsho mme fa ba simolola go nna le bokgoni ba go tlhama ditlhaka, ba ka simolola go kopolola mafoko a a ikemetseng ka nosi, ditlhogo le dipolelo tse di feletseng tse ba ka kgonang go di thala. Mo bogareng jwa Mophato 1, barutwana ba tshwanetse ba bo ba kgona go ikwalela ditlhogo tsa ditshwantsho tsa bona mme ba kgona go itlhamela bonnye polelo e le nngwe. Ba tshegetse ka go ba neela tse di ka simololang dipolelo kgotsa diforeime, (sk. ‘ke batla….’) Neela morutwana mongwe le mongwe buka ya go kwalela ya A5 go e dirisa jaaka thanodi ya gagwe. Ba neele tsamaiso e ba ka ikatisang ka yona, e mo go yona ba feleletsang polelo ka go tlatsa ka lefoko le ka potso e e bonolo e ba bangwe ba ka e arabang ka Ee/Nnyaa kgotsa ka lefoko le lengwe fela. Ditirwana tse di kopanetsweng tsa go kwala di bontsha dikgato tsa go kwala gore barutwana ba tlhaloganye gore ditlhaka tse di ikemetseng ka nosi di aga lefoko jang, gore mafoko a a kgaoganeng a aga polelo jang, botlhokwa jwa go tlogela sebaka/sekgala mo gare ga mafoko le tiriso ya matshwao a puiso. Ka puisokopanelo barutwana ba godisa tlotlofoko e e oketsegileng mme ba tlhaloganye ka mo dipolelo di ka humisiwang ka teng ka go dirisa matlhaodi le matlhabokafantle a a kgatlhisang. Fa barutwana ba nna le bokgoni jo bo bonalang mo go kwaleng dipolelo tsa bona, jaanong o ka itsise kgopolo ya go kwala ka ditemana. Pegelo ya Pholisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo e dirisa mokgwa o wa molebo wa dikgato tsa go kwala. Dikgato tse, di akaretsa barutwana ba tlhagisa ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala, go tseleganya le go tlhagisa 20 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 setlhangwa gore ba bangwe ba se buise -barutwana ba Kgato ya Motheo ba ka se kwale tiro ya bona gape, fela ba ka e tseleganya ka go thala mola mo godimo ga lefoko le le sa batlegeng le go tlaleletsa kgang fa go tlhokegang teng. Mokwalo Tokomane ya Pegelo ya Pholisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo e tlamela ka thulaganyo e e rulagantsweng sentle ya dikgono tsa go ruta mokwalo, mo dinakong tse dikhutshwane mo mephatong e e farologaneng, bonnye metsotso e ka nna 15 ka letsatsi. Lenaneo la pele ga mokwalo kgotsa la tshimololo ya mokwalo Pele o ruta mokwalo o o tlhomameng mo Mophatong 1, barutwana ba tshwanelwa ke go sala morago lenaneo la pele ga mokwalo go tlhabolola pharologano ya pono ya bona, go aga mesifa e mennye le e megolo le kgolagano ya matlho le letsogo, setshwantsho sa mmele jj. Ba tlhoka go rutiwa go tshwara phensele ka mokgwa wa tshwanelo, go kwala ditlhaka, ntlha e ba simololang mo go yona, le ntlha e ba tsamaisetsang mokwalo kwa go yona, bogolo, popego, le gore tlhaka e lebelela kae. Fa morago ga se, o ka kaela barutwana ka go baya ditlhaka le go ntsha sebaka mo gare ga tsona le mo gare ga mela. Mokgwa o o siameng wa go nna/dula le ona o botlhokwa. Barutwana ba bannye go le gantsi, ba na le bothata jwa go kopolola ditlhaka go tswa mo patitšhokong ka gonne matlho a bona a tlhoka go tomama mo patitšhokong le mo tsebeng e e fa pele ga bona mme kgakologelo ya bona e khutshwane ya tlhaloganyo e ka tswa e sa nonofa sentle. Go a thusa go neela barutwana ba Mophato wa 1-3 dikgemetšhana tsa go kwalela tse di nang le ditlhaka tse di kwadilweng mo moleng gore barutwana ba di kopolole ka nako ya mokwalo. Go fetela kwa mokwalong o o kopaneng/ tshwaraganeng Kwa bofelong jwa Mophato 1, barutwana ba tshwanetse go kgona go kwala ditlhakakgolo le ditlhakannye tsotlhe ka nepagalo le ka thelelo le go kgona go kopolola dipolelo sentle go tswa mo patitšhokong kgotsa go tswa mo dikgemetšhaneng tsa mafoko. Mo Mophatong 2 barutwana ba godisa lobelo lwa bona lwa go kwala mokwalo o o kopaneng/tshwaraganeng, mme ke mo mophatong o, mo dikolo di simololang go ruta go kwala ka mokwalo o o kopaneng/tshwaraganeng. Le fa tlhopho e e mabapi le mokwalo e le ya sekolo/porofense, barutwana ba tshwanelwa go rutwa go kwala ka mokwalo o o kopaneng/tshwaraganeng mo bokhutlong jwa Mophato wa 3. Barutwana ba le bantsi ba fetogela kwa mokwalong o, mo halofong ya ntlha ya Mophato 3. Didiriswa Mo Mophatong 1, barutwana ba simolola go kwala mo dipampiring tse di se nang sepe ba dirisa dikheraeyone tsa mafura. Fa nako e ntse e ya, ba tswelela go kwalela mo bukeng ya mela ya 17mm ba dirisa diphensele mo dithutong tsa mokwalo o o tlhomameng, le mo Mophatong wa 2 dikolo tse di dintsi di rata go tswelela go dirisa dipampiri tse di se nang sepe mo ditirokwalong tse dingwe. Mo Mophatong 3, barutwana ba simolola go dirisa buka ya methalo ya 8.5mm. Nako e e siameng ya phetogo e tla ikaega ka gore barutwana ba mo maemong afe le gore pholisi ya sekolo yona ya reng ka ga se. Dikgoreletsi mo go ithuteng Dipakathuto tsa puo di tshwanelwa ke go neelana ka ditšhono tsa go tshegetsa barutwana mo dikgoreletsing tsa go ithuta, go nonotsha ba ba dirang sentle le go ba thusa ka ditirwana tsa tlhatlhobo le nako ya go kwala. Tirokwalo e tshwanetse go tshwaiwa le go tlhokomelwa ke morutabana gore a kgone go bona tswelelopele ya morutwana mongwe le mongwe, le go e lekola e bile e dirisiwe go nna motheo wa dikgato tse di ka tsewang mo go ithuteng. CAPS 21
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Morutabana a buisetsa barutwana kwa godimo letsatsi le letsatsi go netefatsa kgolo le tlhabololo ya tlotlofoko ya bona. 2.8 Mophato R Thulaganyo ya Mophato R ya go ithuta puo e ikaegile ka metheo ya tomagano le go ithuta ka go tshameka. Morutabana o tshwanetse go nna matlhagatlhaga, e nne motsereganyi go na le go nna mogokaganyi. Motsereganyi o tlhola ditšhono tse dintsi tsa thuto ya kwelano tse di itlelang fela ka ditirwana tse di farologaneng tse di totileng morutwana, jaaka, motshameko o o lokologileng mo sekhutlwaneng sa boitlhomo kgotsa mo lefelong le ba agang ka dimikana/diboloko le ditirwana tse di totileng morutabana jaaka ‘mosako’ wa dikgang, kgotsa mo ‘mesakong’ e mengwe. Dintlha tse di totileng puo le loago, maikutlo le mefuta e mengwe ya ditlhabololo jaaka ya mesifa e megolo le mesifa e mennye, di itlela fela mo tsamaisong ya gale le mo ditirwaneng tsa boleng jo bo kwa godimo jwa lenaneo la Mophato R. Boalo jotlhe jo, bo ka neela morutabana ditšhono tsa go ka kgona go tsenagare le go ‘tsereganya’ mo go ithuteng go go itlelang fela go go isang kwa tshimololong ya kitso ya puisokwalo. Lenaneo le le tlwaelegileng la bogologolo, le le tlhomameng, le le agilweng sentle mme le ‘ageletswe mo metheong e e rileng’, le tshwanetse go efogiwa ka gonne ga le nonotshe kitso ya puisokwalo mo barutwaneng ba Mophato R. Mophato R ga o a tshwanela go nna Mophato wa Ntlha o o koafadiwang. O na le dipharologantsho tsa ona tse di tshwanang di le nosi tse di theetsweng mo goreng barutwana ba dingwaga tse, ba tlhaloganya jang dilo tsa lefatshe la bona le go iponela kitso, dikgono, dingwao le maitshwaro a a ka ba letlang go godisa ditšhono tse ba di neetsweng mo dingwageng tsa bona tsa thuto e e tlhomameng. Tsepama mo go ithuteng go go sa tlhomamang le go go itlelang fela mo ‘mesakong’ e e farologaneng mo tsamaong ya letsatsi. Tlhama lenaneo gape la letsatsi le letsatsi, le le letlang nako e e lekaneng ya motshameko o o lokologileng mme le kopantswe le temogo e e tseneletseng ya morutabana e e ka bidiwang ‘dinako tsa go rutega,’ dinako tse di tswang gantsi mo dikgatlhegelong le mo boitlhameding jwa barutwana. Letsatsi lotlhe la sekolo le tshwanetse go bonwa jaaka la kgonego ya go tiisa thuto ya puisokwalo; e ka nna gongwe ka thuso ya ka tlhamalalo ya morutabana, ka dinako tse di akantsweng, go akaretsa ditirwana tse di kaetsweng ke morutabana kgotsa, ka ntlha ya ditšhono tse dintsi tse di itlelang fela tse di tlhagelelang mo tsamaong ya letsatsi, mme di kgontsha morutabana go tlhabolola go ithuta ka go dirisa ‘dinako tsa go rutega’. Dinako tse di ntseng jalo, di tlhagelela gantsi ka nako ya dipakathuto tse di rulagantsweng le tsa motshameko o o lokologileng gape. Go tswa mo letlhakoreng la kitso ya puisokwalo ,dinako tsa go rutega di tla neela morutabana tšhono ya go botsa, sekao, dipotso tse di bulegileng kgotsa go neela tshitsinyo e e ka thusang morutwana, mme ka jalo, e tsose kgatlhego ya go ithutela kwa pele. E nna potso mo morutabaneng gore o tshwanelwa ke go tsereganya leng mo dikgatong tsa go ithuta le gore a ka emela leng kwa morago go letlelela barutwana go bona tšhono ya go neela tharabololo ya bothata jo ba nang le bona ka nako eo. Mo ngwageng wa Mophato R lenaanenako la ditiro le bidiwa lenaneo la letsatsi mme le na le dikarolwana di le tharo tse dikgolo, tsona ke ditirwana tse di kaelwang ke morutabana, ditirwana tsa ka gale le tse morutwana a itlhamelang tsona le metshameko e e lokologileng. Ditšhono tse di kgethegileng tsa kitso ya puisokwalo tse di kaelwang ke morutabana di rutiwa ka nako ya mosako wa puo mo mosong (sekao, kgangkgolo/setlhogo sa dipuisano, mosako wa puisano/puo; dipuisano ka maemo a bosa a letsatsi le letsatsi; go tlotla ‘dikgang’; mesako ya go bontsha le go tlotla le nako ya dikgang). Go ikaegilwe ka tlhopho e e tsepang, (sk. morutabana o tshwanetse go nna le kakanyo e e lolameng ya gore o batla go tlhabolola eng) ditirwana tsa boitlhamedi/botsweretshi, mesako ya dilo tse di bonwang, motsamao, mmino le mesako ya go dira teramatiragatso di ka nna le tebaganyo ya kitso ya puisokwalo e e kgethegileng mo go siamiseng dikgopolo tsa pono le dikgono tse di gatelelang puiso e e tlhomameng. Tsamaiso ya tlwaelo e neela barutwana ditšhono tse di gaisang tsa go tlhabolola dikgono tse di farologaneng 22 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 tsa kitso ya puisokwalo. Sekao, go na le gore barutwana ba letlwe go ema mo moleng mme ba emele go ya kwa ntlwaneng, morutabana a ka dirisa nako e, go tlhabolola temogo ya medumopuo. Barutwana botlhe ba maina a bona a simololang ka tlhaka ‘S’ ba ka ya kwa ntlwaneng, ba latelwe ke ba maina a bona a simololang ka tlhaka ‘T’ jj. Barutwana ba bangwe ba tswelele ka go tshameka motshameko wa mafoko jaaka ‘Ke setlhodi ke dirisa leitlho la me le le nnye’ kgotsa tlotlofoko e ba nang le yona e okediwe, sk.“Ke eng se se rumisanang le leina ‘ntšwa’?; o akanya gore dintšwa di rata go ja eng?” Nako ya go ja le ya go phutha dilo e tlamela barutwana ka tšhono e e tshwanang ya go ithuta fa morutabana a rotloetsa barutwana go tshameka motshameko wa medumopuo le wa mafoko. Ka nako ya motshameko o o lokologileng, morutabana a ka godisa kitso ya puisokwalo ka ditsela di le pedi. La ntlha, ka go rulaganya lefelo la motshameko o o lokologileng. Morutabana o neelana ka ditlhopho tse di ikaegileng ka mefuta ya ditšhono tsa go ithuta tse a ratang go di godisa. Motshameko o o lokologileng wa kwa ntle o o tshwanang le go palama diforeime tsa magong kgotsa go palama dibaesekele mo meleng ya dipalangwa, go godisa kelotlhoko ya maitsholo a a tshwanang le jaaka go kgabaganya molagare (nngwe ya mekgwa ya maitsholo e e botlhokwa ya go bona dikgono tsa go buisa le go kwala) le go rotloetsa temogo ya tlhaka/lefoko ka go neela barutwana tšhono ya go ‘buisa’ matshwao a tsela. Ditirwana tsa motshameko o o lokologileng wa mo teng ga phaposi, di tshwanetse go neelana ka ditšhono tse di tshwanang tsa thuto ya kitso ya puisokwalo. Motshameko wa go gakologelwa o rotloetsa mogopolo wa pono mme sekhutlwana sa maitlhomo se godisa ditšhono tsa go bua le go reetsa. Tsela ya bobedi ya go godisa kitso ya puisokwalo ka nako ya motshameko o o lokologileng, ke ka tsereganyo e e nang le maitlhomo. Se, se ka dirwa ka go botsa dipotso tse di rotloetsang go akanya tse di dirang gore morutwana a akanye le go atolosa tlotlofoko ya gagwe. Ka go dira ditshitsinyo tse di ka thusang le go laletsa morutwana go akanya ka ga dikarabo tse dingwe tse di ka nnang maleba le mokgwa wa go rarabolola bothata, morutabana a ka rotloetsa morutwana go akanya ka tsenelelo ka ntlha mme a batle tharabololo ya ditlhopho tse a di dirileng. Ka tsela e, go tla bo go sa lejwa fela kitso ya puisokwalo, mme go tla bo go lebilwe gape le tlhabololo ya morutwana ka kakaretso. Mo lenaneong le lekalekanang la tsatsi le letsatsi, le le ka fetofetogang, le le nonofileng, ditšhono tsa thuto ya kitso ya puisokwalo di rutiwa mo letsatsing lotlhe. Ka yona nako eo, ditheo tse di botlhokwa tse di tiisetsang thuto ya ntlha di a tiisiwa, e bong, gore barutwana ba ba santseng ba le bannye ba ithuta botoka ka motsamao le ka go dirisana ka dilo tse di bonwang (go ithuta ka dilo tsa matlhakore mararo) pele ba dira ka ditirwana tsa mo bogodimong jwa tafole, pampiri le phensele jaaka (ditirwana tse di emelang tekatekanyotlhakoripedi). Tsamaiso ya tlhatlhobo mo Mophatong wa R e tshwanetse go nna e e sa tlhomamang mme barutwana ga ba a tshwanela go lebaganngwa le maemo a ‘teko.’ Ka lebaka le, Ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo ga di a akarediwa mo Pegelong ya Pholisi ya Bosetšhaba ya Kharikhulamo le Tlhatlhobo ya Mophato R. Tirwana nngwe le nngwe e e dirisetswang tlhatlhobo, e tshwanetse ya rulaganngwa ka kelotlhoko gore e tle e lomaganye dikgono tse di farologaneng tsa bona. Mo Mophatong wa R, bontsi jwa tlhatlhobo bo diriwa mo tlase ga kelotlhoko ya morutabana a rekota dipholo ka go dirisa lenanenetefatso mo tlhatlhobong. Ka jalo, fa ngwaga o tswelela, go kokoanngwa tswelelopele e e tletseng ya morutwana e e akaretsang mathata le bokgoni jwa gagwe. Se, se letlelela dikgwetlho go lebelelwa mme bokgoni jwa gagwe go godisiwa. CAPS 23
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 KAROLO YA 3 Diteng le dithulaganyo tsa go ruta dikgono tsa puo LENANEO LA LETSATSI LE LETSATSI:MOPHATO R PUO KGOROGO LE MOTSHAMEKO O • DITIRWANA TSE DI O LOKOLOGILENG TLHAMILWENG GO TSWA MO CAPS (PUO YA GAE) Puo • DIKGANG DITUMEDISO MATSALO Dipalo • TIRAGATSO BUKA YA KWADISO DIKGANG Dikgono tsa • DIBUKA/DITSHWANTSHO KARATA YA MAEMO A BOSA botshelo • PUISO YA DITSHWANTSHO Met: 36 • PUISANO KA DITSHWANTSHO DITIRWANA Puo • DITIRWANA TSA DIKGOPOLO TSA KAELO Dikgono tsa Botshelo • DIPHOUSETARA TSA TSA MORUTABANA Dipalo BATSADI • LEKWALO LA MOTSADI • DIKGANG Motshameko wa • MABOKO/DIRAEME DITIRWANA TSA BOTAKI boitlhamedi • MMINO/DIPINA/DIRAEME (letsatsi le letsatsi: 1 BOGOLO+ Tiragatso • DITHEIPI Met: 50 2/3 Ditirwana tsa tshegetso Motshameko o o • PUISANO KA THITOKGANG {Tshameko e e lokologileng mo tlhamilweng • MOTSAMAO WA MOTHO phaposiborutelong Dimika (diboloko) • TSAMAISO YA KA GALE Phepafatsa phaposiborutelo Ditshamekisi tsa thuto • MOTSHAMEKO O O Metshameko ya go LOKOLOGILENG tlhaloganya Malea (phasele) Sekhutlwana sa puiso DIKGONO TSA BOTSHELO Nako ya tidimalo Met: 30 DITIRWANA Puo • DITIRWANA TSE DI TSA KAELO Dikgono tsa botshelo TLHAMILWENG GO TSWA TSA MORUTABANA Dipalo MO CAPS (DIKGONO TSA BOTSHELO) • DITIRWANA TSA MOTSAMAO Met: 10 WA MOTHO Tsamaiso ya kwa ntle ya ntlwana • DIPINA LE MMINO • MABOKO LE DIRAEME • PUISANO KA THITOKGANG Dilapobokafantle, Puo, Dipalo, • MALATSI A MATSALO Met: 20 Motshameko • DITSAMAISO TSA GALE Dikgono tsa botshelo mo metsing • MOTSHAMEKO O O MOTSHAMEKO mo LOKOLOGILENG MOTLHABENG TIRAGATSO Met: 60 Motshameko o o lokologileng DIKGWELE wa kwa ntle le Phepafatso MEIKGATŠHO / SEKOMPOROMAEYA DITSHAMEKISI TSA MAOTWANA DITSHAMEKISI TSA Met: 10 Thulaganyo ya go ya kwa THUTO (JUNGLE ntlwaneng GYM, DITHAERE, MOTSHAMEKO WA MOTSAMAO WA H) DIPALO • DITIRWANA TSE DI Met: 30 DITIRWANA Puo TLHAMILWENG GO TSWA MO TSA KAELO Dikgono tsa botshelo CAPS (DIPALO) TSA MORUTABANA Dipalo • DITIRWANA TSA DIPINA LE MMINO • DITIRWANA TSA GO Met: 30 TLHALOGANYA KGANG ya Letsatsi le letsatsi • DIRAEME TSA GO BALA • PUISANO KA THITOKGANG • TEKELELO YA SAENSE Nako ya go ikhutsa/Tidimalo/go • TSHAMEKO KA TOKOLOGO tsamaya ka setu le go tswa ga • DITSAMAISO TSA KA GALE sekolo 24 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
THADISO KA GA DIKGONO TSA PUO TSE DI TSHWANETSENG GO RUTWA MO PUONG YA GAE MO MEPHATONG R-3 MOPHATO R MOPHATO 1 MOPHATO 2 MOPHATO 3 • Reetsa kgang o be o e diragatse • Reetsa kgang le go tlhagisa maikutlo a • Reetsa dikgang le maboko le go araba • Reetsa kgangkgolo le dintlha tsa CAPS gago ka yona. dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo. tsenelelo tsa kgang mme o arabe • Reetsa o be o tsibogele dipotso tse di dipotso tse di bulegileng. bonolo. • Reetsa ditaelo le dikitsiso le go di • Reetsa tatelano e e matswakabele tsibogela ka tshwanelo. ya ditaelo mme o di tsibogele ka • Reetsa kgang mme o batle mabaka, o • Reetsa o be o boeletse dipaterone tse tshwanelo. bo o a tshegetse. di nang le moribo, le go kopolola ka • Reetsa ntle le kgoreletso, ba refosana nepagalo. ka go bua le go botsa dipotso gore o • Supa maitsholo a a siameng a go reetsa • Tlhagisa maikutlo ka ga temana mme o tlhaloganye. ka go supa tlotlo fa sebui se bua, go sa tshegetse ka mabaka. • Reetsa o be o gakologelwe tatelano ya se tsene ganong, go botsa dipotso go mafoko a a bonolo (sk. bala, bela, bina) • Reetsa, itumelela le go tsibogela • Reetsa tatelano ya ditaelo tse di tshwaela mo go se o se utlwileng. setshwantsho, dithamalakwane le marara/thata mme o di tsibogele ka • Neela maina a dikarolo tsa mmele o be metlae. • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago le tshwanelo. o di supe. dikgang ka kakaretso. • Bua ka maitemogelo le maikutlo a gago. • Tsaya karolo mo metlotlong o supa • Opela dipina tse di bonolo o be o • Bolela kgang e e nang le tshimologo, kgono ya go tsalana le batho ba diragatse moribo wa tsona. • Tlotla kgang e e tlwaelegileng e e nang mmele le bokhutlo. bangwe, o amogela e bile o tlotla le tshimologo, mmele le bokhutlo. • Tlotla ka setshwantsho se se mo mokgwa o batho ba bangwe ba buang • Tlhagisa maikutlo a gago ka ga kgang phousetareng, ditšhate tse di nang le • Araba dipotso tse di tswalegileng le tse ka ona. kgotsa leboko mme o tshegetse ka dithitokgang, dibuka jj. di bulegileng. mabaka. • Neelana ka puo ya molomo (sk. tlotla ka • Nyalanya o be o tlhaole dilo go ya ka • Diragatsa metshameko mo mabakeng a dikgang tsa gago, tlhalosa maitemogelo • Araba dipotso tse di bulegileng mme o popego, mmala jj. a farologaneng. a gago, boeletsa ditiragalo GO REETSA LE GO BUA tshegetse karabo ka mabaka. • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong o be o • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong tsa mo • Tlotla kgangkhutshwe e e nang le • Go itirele raeme botse dipotso. phaposiborutelong. poloto e e bonolo ka baanelwa ba ba • Diragatsa metshameko mo mabakeng a farologaneng. • Dirisa mareo a a tshwanang le polelo, a farologaneng. tlhakakgolo, khutlo. • Dirisa puo ka go ikakanyetsa sk. bolela • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong mme o metlae le dithamalakwane. begele ditlhopha ka ga tiro ya tsona • Botsolotsa batho mabapi le mabaka a a • Itirele diraeme mme o neele setlhopha rileng. pegelo. • Dirisa mareo jaaka sediri, lediri, sedirwa, • Dirisa mareo jaaka matlhabokafantle, potso, polelo, taelo, makaelagongwe, maina, maemedi, phegelwana, letshwao malatodi le letshwao la tsiboso. la potso, temana. 25 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3
THADISO KA GA DIKGONO TSA PUO TSE DI TSHWANETSENG GO RUTWA MO PUONG YA GAE MO MEPHATONG R-3 26 MOPHATO R MOPHATO 1 MOPHATO 2 MOPHATO 3 • Tlhaola/supa mafoko a a rumisanang • Lemoga kamano ya ditlhaka le medumo • Gatelela medumo e e rutilweng mo • Gatelela medumo e e rutilweng mo mo dipineng tse di itsiweng thata (sk. e e emeng e le nosi Mophatong wa 1. Mephatong ya 1 & 2. Naledi ele ya mariberibe jj.) • Go aga mafoko ka go dirisa medumo e • Boeletsa ditumammogo tse di • Go lemoga medumo ya ditumammogo • Simolola go lemoga gore mafoko a e ithutilweng, sk. ba, be, bi, bo,bu pataganeng tse di dumisiwang mmogo tse di dumisiwang mmogo tse di bopilwe ka medumo (sk. tlhaka ya ntlha • Go dirisa ditumammogo tse di mo tshimologong le mo bokhutlong jwa tlhagelelang mo tshimologong ya maina a bona) pataganeng go bopa le go kgaoganya lefoko (sk. tl, kg, th, ts) ya mafoko jaaka: tl, tlh, kg, le mo • Kgaoganya polelo ka mafoko a a mafoko • Go dirisa ditumammogo tsa kwa bokhutlong jwa mafoko jaaka ng ikemetseng. • Lemoga ditumammogo tse di tshimologong le kwa bokhutlong tse di • Lemoga medumo e mebedi kgotsa go • Kgaoganya mafoko a dinokontsi go ya pataganeng e bile di dumisiwa mmogo pataganeng go bopa le go kgaoganya feta e e pataganeng e e dumisiwang ka dinoko tsa ona. tse di fitlhelwang mo tshimologong le mafoko sk. tl-a-ts-a mmogo mo mafokong mme modumo • Lemoga ditumanosi le ditumammogo mo bofelong jwa lefoko, sk. tl, ng • Lemoga ditumanosi tse di pataganeng mongwe o sa utlwale, sk. ‘o’ wa bobedi tse di simololang mafoko ka go di reetsa • Lemoga bontsi (di-, ba-) le bofelo jwa tse di dumisiwa mmogo, sk. ‘ee’ mo go mo go ‘Pooe’; ‘u’ mo go ‘thuu’, 'maaka' a le go di lebelela. mafoko (-ana) ka go reetsa ‘seema’ ; ‘oo’ mo go ‘moopa’ wa bobedi ga utlwale SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 • Kgobokanya mafoko a a tlwaelegileng a • Lemoga medumo e e sa utlwaleng mo • Lemoga le go dirisa dipaterone tsa setlhopha se le sengwe, sk. aga, ema, mafokong, sk. ‘o’ wa bobedi mo go mopeleto sk. ema, ima, ama, aka, oka epa, ala, aka ‘Pooe’ ga a utlwale; ‘u’ wa bobedi mo go • .lemoga le go dirisa mafoko a a ‘thuu’ ga a utlwale, 'maaka' a wa bobedi rumisanang, ema, ima, aka, oka ga utlwale • Lemoga gore medumo mengwe e • Lemoga ditumammogo tse di ka emelwa ke tlhopho ya mefuta e e pataganeng tse di tshwanang jaaka, farologaneng ya mepeleto, sk. ‘podi’ le mmu, mme, jj ‘pula’ • Lemoga le go dirisa megatlana, sk. • Lemoga medumo e e thata jaaka g, kg, -ana, -nyana tl le e mengwe, le e e bonolo, jaaka s, l,, • Peleta mafoko ka nepagalo ba dirisa jj. MEDUMOPUO kitso ya bona ya medumopuo • Lemoga le go dirisa ditlhogo jaaka: bo-/ • Bopa mafoko a dirisa medumo e e ma-; le-/ma- le megatlana jaaka -ana, rutilweng mo ngwageng -nyana • Dirisa mafoko a a dumisiwag/ PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO kapodisiwang le go peletiwa ka go tshwana mme a na le bokao jo bo farologaneng (makwalotshwano), sk. nama: Nama maoto kgotsa Mosimane o ja nama ya nku • Dirisa medumo e e dumisiwang ka go tshwana mme e sa peletiwe ka go tshwana, sekao: ‘podi’ le ‘pula’ • Bopa/aga mafoko a a nang le ditlhaka di le 3, 4, 5 sk ema, aga, bona,supa, alola, ipopa • Aroganya ditlhaka le mafoko go ya ka dialefabete • Peleta mafoko ka tshwanelo ba dirisa kitso ya bona ya medumo
THADISO KA GA DIKGONO TSA PUO TSE DI TSHWANETSENG GO RUTWA MO PUONG YA GAE MO MEPHATONG R-3 MOPHATO R MOPHATO 1 MOPHATO 2 MOPHATO 3 Dikgono tsa tshimololo ya go buisa Dikgono tsa tshimololo ya go buisa Puiso ya kopanelo ka mogoso le Puisano ya kopanelo ka mogoso le CAPS • Lemoga le go supa dilo tse di • Tlhabolola mokgwa wa go tshwara morutabana. morutabana tlwaelegileng mo setshwantshong. buka. (phutholola ditsebe ka tshwanelo) • Buisa Bukakgolo kgotsa setlhangwa • Buisa ditlhangwa tsa mokwalo o • Rulaganya ditshwantsho ka mokgwa o • Ranola ditshwantsho go itlhamela sengwe fela sa mokwalo o o o godisitsweng wa ditlhangwa tsa di ka agang kgang ka gona. kgang (sekao: buisa ditshwantsho) godisitsweng.(sekao: dibuka tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete le tse • Ranola ditshwantsho (sekao: itlhamele • Buisa matshwaopapatso, matshwao ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete le tse e e seng tsa nnete, dibuka tse dikgolo, kgang le go ‘buisa’ ditshwantsho) (dileibole) le mafoko mangwe fela mo seng tsa nnete, maboko le dipina) makwalodikgang, metshameko, • Diragatsa dikarolwana tsa kgang, pina tikologong a a kwadilweng. • Dirisa metlhala ya pono, ke gore: dipuisano le ditlhangwa tsa mo kgotsa raeme. • Lemoga leina la gago le maina a ditshwantsho le bokafantle jwa buka le khomphiutheng. • Tshwara buka ka mokgwa o o barutwana-ka-wena. go bonelapele se kgang e buang ka ga • Buisa buka le go buisana ka ga tshwanetseng, phutholola ditsebe tsa • Buisa letshwao (leibole) le dintlha- sona. kgangkgolo, baanelwa, bothata mo yona ka tshwanelo. tlhaloso mo phaposiborutelong. • Lemoga dintlha tse di botlhokwa ka ga kgannyeng, poloto le dingwao tse di mo • Dira jaaka e kete o a buisa mme o dirise • Tlhabolola dikgopolo tsa motheo wa se se buisitsweng. setlhangweng. lentswe le le tshwanelang go buisa. mokwalo. • Tlhagisa gore a kgang e e itumeletswe • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa • Lemoga leina la gago le maina a -- Kgopolo ka ga buka le go tshegetsa seo ka mabaka (ga ke a godimo go tswa mo setlhangweng se se barutwana-ka-ena mo phaposing. -- Kgopolo ka ga mafoko le ditlhaka itumelela kgang ka gonne…) buisitsweng. • Simolola go buisa mafoko a a -- Dintlhatshupo - Simolola go buisa • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa • Buisa maboko a a farologaneng go tswa ipoeletsang kgapetsakgapetsa a bonwa kwa tshimologong, feleletsa kwa godimo go tswa mo setlhangweng se mo setlhogong se se rileng. mo phaposiborutelong le mo sekolong bokhutlong; buisa go tswa kwa se buisitsweng (sekao: Ka kakanyo ya • Dirisa metlhala ya pono go bua (sekao: kgoro, letlhabaphefo) molemeng go ya kwa mojeng le go gago, o bona…) ka ditlhangwa tse di tswang mo Puiso ya kopanelo ka mogoso le tswa kwa godimo go ya kwa tlase mo • Buisanang ka ga ditso tse di ditshwantshong (diphasalatso, morutabana tsebeng farologaneng tse di tlhagisitsweng mo ditshwantsho, dikerafo, ditšhate le GO BUISA • ‘Buisa’ ditlhangwa tse di godisitsweng Puiso ya kopanelo ka mogoso le kgannyeng. dimmepe.) jaaka tsa maboko, dibukakgolo le morutabana. • Ranola ditshwantsho le dikgang • Batla le go dirisa motswedi wa diphousetara. • Buisa Bukakgolo kgotsa setlhangwa dingwe fela tse di tswang mo tshedimosetso (sekao: baagi, dibuka tsa • Dira dikamano le maitemogelo a gagwe sengwe fela sa mokwalo o o makwalodikgang a a farologaneng kwa laeborari) fa a buisa le morutabana. godisitsweng. (sk. dinepe, dikhalentara, dipapatso, • Dirisa lenaneo la diteng, • Tlhalosa baanelwa mo kgannyeng le go • Dirisa ditshwantsho le bokafantle le go makwalodikgang, ditshwantsho tsa • tshupane le dinomore tsa ditsebe go neela kakanyo ka ga bona. bonelapele se kgang e buang ka ga dimakasine le diphousetara) bona tshedimosetso. • Bonelapele se se tla diragalang mo sona. • Dirisa mafokomagolo le ditlhogwana go kgang go tswa mo ditshwantshong. • Buisang ka kgang, mme lo supe/tlhaole batla tshedimosetso mo setlhangweng • Araba dipotso go tswa mo kgannyeng e dintlha tsa botlhokwa le baanelwa. sa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete. e buisitsweng. • Rulaganya ditiragalo tsa kgang • Dirisa thanodi go bona tlotlofoko e • Thala ditshwantsho o bontsha • Lemoga tiragalo le lebaka mo kgang kgangkgolo ya dikgang (sk. Mosetsana o tsene mo mathateng ntšhwa le bokao jwa yona. ka gonne o thubile letlhabaphefo.) • Neela kakanyo ka ga se se buisitsweng. • Araba dipotso tse di bulegileng go tswa mo temaneng e e buisitsweng • Ranola tshedimosetso go tswa mo 27 diphousetareng, ditshwantsho le mo mananeong a a bonolo, (sekao: khalentara) SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3
THADISO KA GA DIKGONO TSA PUO TSE DI TSHWANETSENG GO RUTWA MO PUONG YA GAE MO MEPHATONG R-3 MOPHATO R MOPHATO 1 MOPHATO 2 MOPHATO 3 28 Puiso ka nosi Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisa dibuka tsa ditshwantsho. • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo • Buisa ka setu le kwa godimo go tswa • Buisa ka setu le kwa godimo mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa mo dibukeng tse di nang le ditiragalo bukeng ya gago ka dikaelo tsa puiso puisokaelo le morutabana (ke gore, tsa nnete le tse e seng tsa nnete, ka ditlhopha tse o di neetsweng ke setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e mo maemong a gago a puiso mo morutabana, ke gore, ditlhopha tsotlhe tshwanang) setlhopheng sa puiso, ba kaelwa ke di buisa setlhangwa se se tshwanang. morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe • Dirisa medumo, metlhala ya tiriso le • Dirisa medumopuo, tshekatsheko ya se buisa setlhangwa se se tshwanang. tshekatsheko ya popego le mafoko bokao mo tirisong le popego fa ba buisa a a bonwang kgapetsakgapetsa mo • Dirisa mafoko a barutwana ba a bonang mafoko a ba sa a tlhaloganyeng/mašwa. tikologong kgapetsakgapetsa mo tikologong, • Dirisa maano a o ka itokofatsang ka ona medumo, tshekatsheko ya bokao mo • Buisa ka thelelo le ka bokgabane. fa o ntse o buisa. tirisong le popego, le dikgono tsa go SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 • Itekole fa o ntse o buisa, mo lekaleng tlhaloganya go dira bokao. • Ba itekola ka bobona fa ba buisa mo la go buisa le la temogo ya mafoko karolong ya temogo ya mafoko le go a • Buisa ka thelelo le ka bokgabane jo gammogo le go a tlhaloganya. tlhaloganya bo oketsegileng o dirisa kapodisa e e • Bontsha go tlhaloganya matshwao a nepagetseng • Dirisa ditshwantsho le dithalo tse di mo puiso fa o buisetsa kwa godimo. setlhangweng go oketsa go tlhaloganya • Dirisa maano a o ka itokafatsang ka ona setlhangwa GO BUISA Puiso ka bobedi / ka nosi fa o ntse o buisa • Buisa ka thelelo le ka bokgabane jo • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le go simolola • Ba itekola ka bobona fa ba buisa, mo bo oketsegileng o kapodisa mafoko ka go siamisa diphoso karolong ya temogo ya mafoko le go a nepagalo tlhaloganya. • Buisa ka boena dibuka tse di Puiso ka bobedi le ka nosi buisitsweng ka nako ya puisokopanelo, Puiso ka bobedi le ka nosi dibuka tsa ditshwantsho tse di bonolo le • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le ba bangwe. • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba dibuka tse di mo sekhutlwaneng sa go bangwe. • Buisetsa barutwana-ka-ena kwa godimo buisa mo phaposiborutelong . • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO • Buisa ka boena dibuka tsa ditiragalo godimo tse di nang le nnete le tse e seng tsa nnete tse di bonolo le dibuka go • Buisa ka bowena dibuka tsa ditiragalo tswa mo ditsong tse di farologaneng, tse di nang le nnete le tse e seng dibuka tse di buisitsweng ka nako ya tsa nnete, dikarata tsa maboko le puisokopanelo jaaka dimakasini le dikhomikhi dikhomiki. • Tshameka metshameko ya go buisa le go feleletsa morabaraba wa mafoko
THADISO KA GA DIKGONO TSA PUO TSE DI TSHWANETSENG GO RUTWA MO PUONG YA GAE MO MEPHATONG R-3 MOPHATO R MOPHATO 1 MOPHATO 2 MOPHATO 3 • Go aga bokgoni jwa mesifa e mennye • Ikatisa go tshwara phensele le Tlhokomelo ya mokwalokgatiso Phetogo mo mokwalong o o CAPS ka go tshameka ka menwana go kheraeyone tshwaraganeng • Dirisa didiriswa tsa mokwalo ka nonofo nonotsha letsogo (sk. tege e e • Go aga bokaelo/ tshupantlha go tswa sk. phensele, raba, rula jj. • Dirisa didiriswa tsa mokwalo ka nonofo tshamekang, bofelela diboutu mo mo letsogong la molema go ya go la sk: phensele, raba le rula jj dinateng) • Tlhamalatsa mokwalo wa 17 mm mo moja le godimo le kwa tlase bukeng ya methalo • Kwala dipolelo tse di buisegang, • Go aga taolo ya mesifa e mennye ka go • Go aga tsamaelano ya letsogo le tse di nepagetseng ka mokwalo o o dirisa sekere go sega ditshwantsho le • Bopa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo ka leitlho ka go tshwantsha le go gatisa tshwaraganeng dipopego, jj. nepagalo le ka thelelo dipaterone • Bopa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo • Go aga tsamaelano ya letsogo le leitlho • Kwala mafoko ka sekgala se se • Kopolola le go kwala maina a bona, tsotlhe ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng ka go tshameka sk. go tshwara, go siameng magareng ga ditlhaka le mafoko le dipolelo tse dikhutshwane latlhela, go thala le go penta mafoko • Kwala mafoko a makhutshwane ka • Simolola go kwala a dirisa ditshwantsho mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng • Gatisa mela e e bonolo ya • Kwala ditlhakakgolo le ditlhakannye ka le go kopolola ditlhaka le dinomore, setshwantsho, dipaterone le ditlhaka mokwalokgatiso • Kwalolola mafoko le dipolelo ka mafoko le dipolelo tse di bonolo. mo maineng a bona mo dintlhakaelo mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng • Kopolola le go kwala temana e le nngwe di simololang teng le matshwao a a • Bopa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo ka e e nang le mela e le 3-4 go tswa mo • Kwala tiro ya gago e e rekotwang kaelang a akarediweng mo ditlhakeng nepagalo le ka thelelo setlhangweng se se gatisitsweng ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng sk: tsotlhe • Bopa dinomore ka nepagalo letlha, leina la gago, setlhangwa se se • Kopolola le go kwala mefuta e e MOKWALO • Aga ditlhaka a dirisa menwana ikwaletsweng. • Kopolola le go kwala dipolelo tse farologaneng ya mekwalo sk: taletso go penta, boratšhe jwa go penta, dikhutshwane ka nepagalo a dirisa e khutshwane, matsalo, melaetsa le • Kopolola setlhangwa se se kwadilweng dikheraeyone tsa mafura jj., simolola mo sekgala se se siameng ka nepo lenaneo jj mo patitšhokong, bukakgakololo, ntlheng e e siameng o be o sala morago dikarata tsa mafoko, jj. ka nepagalo kaelo e e siameng • Tshwara phensele le kheraeyone ka • Dirisa mokwalokgatiso go kwala tshwanelo • Kwala mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng ka • Kopolola dipaterone, mafoko le Phetogo ya mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng lebelo le ka go itshepa, mme o buisege ditlhaka (o dirisa ntlhatshimologo e • Kopolola le go kwala dipaterone tsa go o be o nne phepa. e nepagetseng le kaelo fa o tlhama ditlhaka) kwala ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng • Dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya • Kopolola le go kwala ditlhakannye didiriswa tsa go kwala sk. boratšhe ba tsotlhe le ditlhakakgolo tse di go penta, dikheraeyone tsa mafura. tlwaelegileng ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng • Kopolola, kwala le go buisa mafoko a makhutshwane ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng. 29 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3
THADISO KA GA DIKGONO TSA PUO TSE DI TSHWANETSENG GO RUTWA MO PUONG YA GAE MO MEPHATONG R-3 30 MOPHATO R MOPHATO 1 MOPHATO 2 MOPHATO 3 • Thala kgotsa go penta • Thala setshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa • Neelana ka kakanyo le ka mafoko • Neelana ka dikakanyo le mafoko mo setshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa sk: maitemogelo a gago a botshelo mo kgang ya phaposi (mokwalo wa kgannyeng ya mo phaposiborutelong kopanelo) (mokwalo wa kopanelo) • Kopolola ditlhaka tse di itsegeng • Neelana ka dikakanyo le go thusa go mo leineng la gago go emela boeletsa kgang ya setlhopha kgotsa ya • Kwala leboko le le bonolo • Dirisa maano a pele ga a kwala go mokwalo phaposi (mokwalokopanelo) kgobokanya tshedimosetso le go • Kwala setlhangwa se se ngokelang (sk. baakanyetsa mokwalo • ‘Kwala go tloga mo letsogong la • Kopolola polelo e le nngwe ya dikgang go karata ya matsalo kgotsa lekwalo) molema go ya go la moja le go tswa mo patitšhokong ka nepagalo • Kwala ditlhangwa tse dikhutshwane tse di • Kwala bonnye ditemana di le pedi tswa kwa godimo go ya kwa tlase itlhopetsweng tse di mabapi le setlhangwa • Kwala molaetsa mo karateng, sk. karata (dipolelo di le 10) ka ga maitemogelo a ka maitlhomo a a farologaneng (sk. go tlotla • Neelana ka dikakanyo tsa ya keleletso masego gago kgotsa ditiragalo jaaka, keteko ya ka tatelano ya ditiragalo/mmuisano) gago go aga buka ya mo moletlo wa lelapa • Kwala le go tshwantsha setlhogwana phaposiborutelong o dirisa • Kwala ka maitemogelo a gago ka mefuta kgotsa polelo e khutshwane ka ga • Ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala le go ditshwantsho e e farologaneng sk. kwala athikele e setlhogo (sk. go neelana ka buka mo phasalatsa/tlhagisa kgang ya gagwe ya SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 khutshwane ya lokwalodikgang • Lekeletsa go kwala ditlhaka a sekhutlwaneng sa go buisa ditemana di le pedi gore ba bangwe ba leka ka mokwalo wa sediko le go kgone go e buisa • Ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala le go • Kwala kgang ya bonnye dipolelo kgwarakgwara phasalatsa/tlhagisa kgang ya gago ya di le tharo a dirisa ditlhakakgolo le • Dirisa dipopego tsa tshedimosetso fa a ditemana di le pedi (2), (bonnye dipolelo di • Bua ka mokwalo wa gago, sekao, ditlhakannye le khutlo. kwala sk. Kwala resepi le 12) gore ba bangwe ba kgone go buisa sediko le go kgwarakgwara • Kwala dipolelo a dirisa mafoko a a • Rulaganya tshedimosetso mo tšhateng • Kwala le go bontsha dipolelo (dipolelo • Itirela buka ya gago o be o nang le medumopuo le mafoko a a kgotsa mo lenaneong tse 6-8) ka ga setlhogo go neelana ka neela kakanyo ya gago mo go tlwaelegileng a a setseng a rutilwe • Kwala le go bontsha dipolelo (dipolelo dikakanyo mo bukeng ya mo sekhutlwaneng kgobokanyeng dibuka tsa mo • Dirisa maina le maemedi (nna, wena, tse 4-6) ka ga setlhogo le go neelana sa puiso phaposing GO KWALA ena, yona) mo mokwalong ka nepagalo ka dikakanyo mo bukeng ya mo • Dirisa dipopego tsa tshedimosetso e e ka thuso ya morutabana sekhutlwaneng sa puiso rileng fa a kwala sk. Ditekelelo le diresepi • Simolola go dirisa pakajaanong le • Dirisa dikgato tsa go kwala (ditlhangwa • Dirisa bukatsatsi mo sebakeng sa beke pakapheti ka nepagalo fa a kwala tsa ntlha, go kwala le go tselaganya) • Kwala thadiso ya buka e e bonolo • Aga bontsi jwa mafoko a a tlwaelegileng • Dirisa matshwao a puiso ka nepo PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO (khutlo, phegelwana, letshwao la puiso • Latelanya tshedimosetso mme o e beye go • Peleta mafoko a a tlwaelegileng ka le letshwao la tsiboso) ya ka ditlhogo tse di neetsweng nepagalo • Peleta mafoko a a tlwaelegileng ka • Sobokanya le go rekota tshedimosetso (sk. • Rulaganya tshedimosetso ka go dirisa nepagalo le go leka go peleta mafoko tiriso ya mmepe wa dikakanyo) dithala (tšhate kgotsa nakotshupo) a a sa tlwaelegang a dirisa kitso ya • Dirisa matshwao a puiso ka nepo disekao. • Go ikagela lenaane la mafoko le thanodi medumopuo ditlhakakgolo, khutlo, ditsejwana, lenalana • Dirisa pakajaanong, pakapheti le le letshwao la tsiboso jj) pakatlang ka nepagalo • Dirisa makopanyi go bopa dipolelotswako • Dirisa masupi, maina, madiri le • Dirisa kitso ya medumopuo le melawana ya maemeditota ka nepagalo mopeleto go kwala mafoko a a thata. • Ikagele lenaane la mafoko le thanodi • Dirisa thanodi • Dirisa thanodi
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 3.1 MOPHATO R MOPHATO R SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA MO BEKENG: Di ura di le 10 NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA KA LETSATSI: Di ura di le 2 E lotogantswe le Thulaganyo ya letsatsi KGWEDITHARO 1 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (MOTLOTLO) DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi mo dikarolong tsotlhe tsa puo le mo dirutweng tse dingwe. Ditirwana tse di latelang di ka itsisiwe mo mesakong (sekele) e mengwe le e mengwe ya barutwana mo Mophato R: mmino, motsamao, saense, puo, dikgang, go bontsha le go bua, kgang le ditirwana tsa boitlhamedi. Mo Mophatong R, tiro e e bonwang e botlhokwa thata ka gonne e gatelela le go siamisa motheo wa thuto ya isago. Netefatsa gore nako e e lekaneng e dirisetswa go aga dikgono tsa letsatsi le letsatsi mo ngwageng otlhe. • Reetsa ditaelo le dikitsiso tse di bonolo ka tlhoafalo mme ba di tsibogele ka tshwanelo. • Reetsa ditaelo tse di bonolo mme ba di diragatse. • Reetsa le go boeletsa dipaterone (sk. go opa diatla le go kopisa ka nepagalo) • Reetsa ntle le go tsena mongwe ganong. • Reetsa dikgang tse dikhutshwane ka boitumelo a tsena sentle fa go opelwa khorase • Opela dipina tse di bonolo ba di diragatsa ka thuso ya morutabana (sk. ‘Ntatemogolo, o tswa kae kajeno…ke tswa kwa sepetlele godimo ga thaba….. • Boka diraeme tse di bonolo ba diragatsa ka thuso ya morutabana. • Reetsa le go gakologelwa tatelano ya mafoko a a bonolo (sk. ama, ema, ila,- go simolola ka mafoko a le mararo go ya go a le mane go aga kgolo ya kutlo). • Go aga dikgono tsa go tlhopha le go supa modumo o o kgethegileng kgotsa fa go na le mmino mo lemoragong (sk. go tlhaola lentswe la morutabana go tswa mo medumong e e mo lemoragong) • Bua/tlotla ka ditshwantsho tse di mo phousetareng, tšhate ya thitokgang, dibuka jj. (bonnye dithitokgang di le 5 mo kgweditharong) • Tlotla ka dikgang tsa gago mme boeletse dikgang tsa ba bangwe ka mafoko a gago Dirisa puo ka go tlhabolola dikgopolo mo dirutweng tsotlhe • Dirisa puo go tlhabolola dikgopolo: popego, mmala, dingwaga, nako le tatelano) Dirisa puo go akanya le go batla mabaka: • Supa le go tlhalosa go tshwana ga dilo le go farologana ga tsona. • Nyalanya dilo tse di tsamaelanang, a bo a tshwantshanya dilo tse di farologanang. • Aroganya dilo tse di tlwaelegileng ka ditlhopha, jaaka go tsenya ditshamekisi tsotlhe mo lebokosong, dikheraeyone mo thining, le go di tlhaola go ya ka mmala jj. • Supa dikarolwana go tswa mo go tse di feletseng jaaka maina le go supa dikarolo tsa mmele. Dirisa puo go batlisisa le go utulola mabaka ka go: • Botsa dipotso • Neelana ka ditlhaloso • Rarabolola le go feleletsa malepatshwantsho a le matlhano kgotsa go feta. CAPS 31
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Tlhotlha tshedimosetso: • Tlhopha tshedimosetso e e rileng go tswa mo tlhalosong. Dirisa dikao tsa pono le tsa ditshwantsho tse di bogelwang go bopa bokao • Lemoga le go supa dilo tsa ka metlha mo setshwantshong. • Tsaya karolo mo ditirwaneng go bona dilo tse di tlhagelelang mo pele le mo lemoragong le go di aroganya ka mo di ka tlhaloganyesegang ka teng, jaaka (sk. batla sethalo se se rileng mo setshwantshong se se matswakabele). • Tshameka metshameko e e jaaka ya “Mpolelele gore se fa kae” go batla dilo tse di fitlhilweng mo phaposing mo gare ga tse dingwe. • Farologanya magareng ga popego ya ditlhaka le mafoko ka ditirwana tse di jaaka go tlhaola dilo tse di tshwanang, leba tatelano ya ditshwantsho tse di batlileng di tshwana, go ntsha e e sa tshwaneng le tsona mme a tlhalose lebaka la gore ke goreng e sa tshwane le tsona. • Rulaganya setlhopha sa ditshwantsho di le tharo ka tsela e di ka tlhamang kgang e e bontshang tatelano ya ditiragalo fa e anelwa, mme a anele kgang e e tlhamilweng. • Gakologelwa se matlho a se boneng mo motshamekong wa kgakologelo. Sekao: go baya dilo tse di farologaneng mo tafoleng, barutwana ba di lebelele, morutabana a di khurumetse mme barutwana ba tshwanetse go gopola se ba se boneng mo tafoleng. • Feleletsa go aga malepa (malea/phasele) kgotsa setshwantsho. TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa tlhatlhobo: E e sa tlhomamang Tiro ya molomo kgotsa ya tiragatso Ela tlhoko • Reetsa ditaelo, dipotso le dikitsiso tse di bonolo ka tlhoafalo mme a di tsibogele ka tshwanelo. • Opela le go boka diraeme le dipina tse di bonolo. • Reetsa dikgang tse dikhutshwane ka boitumelo o tsena sentle fa go opelwa khorase • Tlotla ka dikgang tsa gago mme o boeletse dikgang tsa ba bangwe ka mafoko a gago • Tlhabolola puo go godisa dikgopolo tsa go tlhaloganya popego, mmala le dingwaga • Supa le go tlhalosa go tshwana ga dilo le go farologana ga tsona • Supa dikarolwana go tswa mo selong se se feletseng, jaaka, maina le go supa dikarolo tsa mmele • Dirisa puo go neela ditlhaloso. • Rarabolola le go feleletsa bonnye malepatshwano a le matlhano kgotsa go feta • Lemoga le go supa dilo tsa ka metlha mo setshwantshong. Dirisa lenanenetefatso le ruburiki e e akaretsang gotlhe go tlhatlhoba puo 32 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO R SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 1 TSHIMOLOLO YA PUISO DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Puiso: Dikgono tsa tshimololo ya puiso • Tlhabolola motsamao o o nepagetseng wa matlho jaaka go tsamaisa kgwele e e lekeletseng go tloga ka fa molemeng go ya kwa mojeng. • Go tsaya karolo mo ditirwaneng tse di dirang ka go supa dintlha jaaka go tsamaisa mmele go tswa ka fa molemeng go ya ka fa mojeng le go ya kwa godimo le kwa tlase. • Neela pharologano magareng ga dipopego tsa ditlhaka le mafoko a a farologaneng, jaaka go tlhaola dilo tse di tshwanang, tatedisano ya ditshwantsho le go ntsha ditshwantsho tse di farologaneng. • Dirisa dikgono tsa tatedisano go rulaganya ditshwantsho di le tharo le go anela kgang e e itlhametsweng. • Dirisa dikgono tsa kgakologelo go gakologelwa dilo tse a di boneng tse di jaaka ditlhaka, dipopego kgotsa dilo tsa nnete. • Feleletsa setshwantsho se se ka bonwang jaaka go aga malepatshwantsho, malea/phasele • Tshwara buka sentle, a phutholola ditsebe tsa yona ka tshwanelo. • Dirisa ditshwantsho go bonelapele se kgang e buang ka ga sona: ‘Buisa’ ditshwantsho le ditlhogo go bontsha go tlhaloganya fa ditshwantsho le mafoko di tsamaisana mme di sa tshwane. • Itlhamela kgang ya gago ka go ‘buisa’ ditshwantsho. • Dira jaaka e kete o a buisa le go itlwaetsa go dirisa lentswe le le tshwanetseng go buisa. • Lemoga leina la gago le a ba bangwe ba le batlhano mo phaposiborutelong. • Nyalanya mafoko le a mangwe mo dilong le go naya dilo maina jaaka, dikarata tsa maina mo tafoleng, kgoro le letlhabaphefo Simolola go bona bokao jwa setlhangwa se se kwadilweng • Tlhaloganya gore mokwalo o na le bokao: lefoko le ka emela leina la gago • Lemoga leina la gago le maina a matlhano a barutwana-ka-ena mo phaposing. • Tlhaloganya gore mafoko a a kwadilweng a kaya mafoko a a buiwang. • ‘Buisa’ mafoko a a tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa: leina la gago, maina a dikgwebo tse di tlwaelegileng, jaaka SPAR, Coke le maina a mananeo a thelebišene, jj. PUISOKOPANELO Ditirwana tsa metsotso e le 15 gabedi kgotsa gararo mo bekeng a dirisa mokwalo o o godisitsweng jaaka wa Dibukakgolo, diphousetara tsa dipina le diraeme jj. Morutabana o diragatsa sekao le barutwana botlhe ka nako ya dipuisano kgotsa mo mosakong wa puo mo dikopanong tse pedi tsa Nako e e Totileng Puo. Dirisa bonnye Dibukakgolo di le 5 mo kgweditharong. • ‘Buisang’ mokwalo o o godisitsweng, jaaka maboko, dibukakgolo le diphousetara mmogo le morutabana mo phaposing. • Buisanang le go tlhalosa baanelwa mo kgannyeng. • Thala ditshwantsho o neelana ka dintlhakgolo tsa kgang, dipina kgotsa diraeme. • Latedisanya ditshwantsho tse di mo kgang. • Tsibogela dikgang ka ditirwana tsa motsamao le tsa tiragatso. PUISO KA NOSI • Buisa ka nosi a ijesa monate kwa laeboraring kgotsa mo sekhutlwaneng sa go buisa. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. CAPS 33
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Temogo ya medumopuo/Ditlhaka Ditirwana tsa metsotso e le 15 ka letsatsi Bontsi jwa ditirwana tsa medumopuo e e neetsweng fa tlase fa, di ka dirwa ka nako ya thuto ya mo mosakong • Farologanya kutlo ya medumo e e farologaneng magareng ga medumopuo e e farologaneng segolo fa o simolola leina la gago. • Supa modumo o o sa tsamaelaneng le tatelano: ke tlhaka efe e e sa tsamaelaneng le tse dingwe fa, b,b, k,b,d,d,d,f? • Supa gore a medumopuo e mebedi e e neetsweng e a tshwana kgotsa e a farologana: /p/, /p,/[tshwana]; ./p/,/d,/ [farologana] • Lemoga gore dipolelo tse di buiwang ka molomo di agilwe ka mafoko a a ikemetseng: opa diatla mo lefokong lengwe le lengwe mo polelong mo mafokong otlhe a a nang le noko e le nngwe. Nyalanya medumo ya mafoko le ditlhaka • Simolola go lemoga gore mafoko a agilwe ka medumo: (neela modumopuo o simololang leina la gago) TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa Tlhatlhobo E e sa tlhomamang Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso Ela tlhoko • Farologanya ka go kutlo magareng ga medumopuo e e farologaneng segolo e e simololang leina la gago. • Tlhaola modumo o o sa tsamaelaneng le tatelano: ke tlhaka efe e e sa tsamaelaneng b,b,k,b,d,d, d, f? Dirisa lenanenetefatso le ruburiki e e akaretsang gotlhe 34 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO R SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 1 TSHIMOLOLO YA GO KWALA DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO TSHIMOLOLO YA MOKWALO: Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi mo dirutweng tsotlhe tsa puo le dirutwa tse dingwe. Ditirwana tsa botsweretshi le tsa mo mosakong wa mmino ke ditšhono tse di siametseng go tlhabolola dikgono tsa motsamao wa mesifa e mennye • Tlhabolola dikgono tsa motsamao wa mesifa e mennye go tiisa seatla: potoka mmopa, bopa ka tege, kurufelela dipekere mo diphatlhaneng, letsa piano mo moweng, jj. • Tlhabolola taolo ya mesifa e mennye go tiisa menwana ka go tshameka diraeme tsa menwana kgotsa o bopa dikgwelenyana ka dipampiri mo gare ga menwana • Tlhabolola taolo ya mesifa e mennye ka go dirisa sekere go sega pampiri • Tlhabolola kgolagano ya letsogo le leitlho ka go tshameka motshameko wa go latlhela le go tshwara kgetsi ya dinawa, dikgwele, dikgwele tsa dipampiri, go taka/thala ka kheraeyone, le go penta ka nako ya go tshamekela kwa ntle) • Tlhabolola kitso ya tshupontlha ka go tsamaisa dikarolo tsa mmele go ya ka fa molemeng, le ka fa mojeng kgotsa go ya kwa godimo le kwa tlase. • Kgabaganya molagare ka go tshwara legetla la moja ka letsogo la molema • Bopa ditlhaka ka mefuta e e farologaneng ka go dirisa dikarolo tsa mmele go bopa ditlhaka. • Gatisa bokafantle jwa ditshwantsho le dipaterone. • Kopisa dipaterone mo botong ya ditlhomelwa. • Dirisa didiriswa tse di farologaneng tsa go kwala jaaka maboratšhe a go penta, dikheraeyone tsa mafura, jj ka nako ya go tshameka mo phaposiborutelong ntle le thuso kgotsa ka nako ya botsweretshi. • ‘Kwala’ mo motlhabeng. Tshimololo ya go kwala • Thala kgotsa penta ditshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa ka nako ya go dira ditirwana tsa botsweretshi jaaka go bua ka maitemogelo a bona • Tlhaloganya fa go kwala le go thala ditshwantsho go farologana: dira jaaka e kete o a kwala, o dirisa didiko • Buisa mokwalo wa gago • Diragatsa go kwala mo metshamekong e e farologaneng (sk. go tsaya molaetsa mo mogaleng/go kwala setlankana sa pharakano) • Kopolola ditlhaka tsa leina la gago tse o di itseng go emela mokwalo: kopolola leina la gago • ‘Kwala’ go tswa ka fa molemeng go ya ka fa mojeng le go tswa kwa godimo go ya kwa tlase. • Nna le seabe mo dikakanyong tsa buka ya dikgang ya mo phaposing ka go thala ditshwantsho. Go dira ka mafoko Kgobokanya mafoko: mafoko a a simololang ka tlhaka ya modumo o o tshwanang jaaka ‘Mpho’ le ‘Masedi’ le ‘Mosidi’ Lemoga maina a bona mo mokwalong. CAPS 35
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa Tlhatlhobo E e sa tlhomamang Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso Ela tlhoko • Go tshwantsha kgotsa go penta le go fetisa molaetsa ka nako ya botsweretshi jaaka go tlotla ka ga maitemogelo a gago. • Bopa ditlhaka tsa mefuta e e farologaneng a dirisa mmele otlhe • Kwala mo motlhabeng. • Tlhaloganya gore go kwala le go thala/tshwantsha go a farologana: dira jaaka e kete o a kwala, o dirisa didiko. • Buisa mokwalo wa gago: buisa bokao jwa didiko • O dirisa didiriswa tsa go kwala tse di farologaneng: maboratšhe a pente, dikheraeyone tsa mafura, jj. ka nako ya motshameko mo phaposing kwa ntle ga go thusiwa Dirisa lenanenetefatso le le akaretsang gotlhe 36 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO R SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 2 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi mo dirutweng tsotlhe tsa Puo le dirutwa tse dingwe. Ditirwana tse di latelang di ka itsisiwe mo mesakong mengwe fela kgotsa mo go yotlhe ya barutwana ba Mophato R: mmino, motsamao, saense, puo, dikgang, go bontsha le go tlotla kgang le ditirwana tsa botsweretshi. • Reetsa ditaelo tse di nang le dikarolwana di le pedi go ya go di le tharo, dikitsiso le go di tsibogela ka nepagalo (sk. kokoanya dikheraeyone mme o di boloke mo rakeng) • Reetsa kwa ntle ga kgoreletso, le go bua ka go refosana. • Reetsa dikgang le go di diragatsa. • Tlotla dikgang tsa gago mme a boeletsa dikgang tsa ba bangwe ka mafoko a gago. • Opela dipina, boka maboko a diragatsa le botlhe mo phaposiborutelong. • Boka maboko le diraeme le go diragatsa mo ditlhopheng. • Baya ditshwantsho tsa kgang ka tatelano. • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong le go botsa dipotso. • Tlotla ka ditshwantsho tse di mo diphousetareng, ditšhate tsa dithitokgang le dibuka, bonnye dithitokgang di le tlhano mo kgweditharong. • Reetsa le go gakologelwa mafoko a a bonolo jaaka go bua, bela, bopa, o simolola ka mafoko a mararo go ya go a le mane kgotsa go feta. Dirisa puo go tlhabolola dikgopolo • Dirisa puo go tlhabolola dikgopolo mo dirutweng tsotlhe jaaka: bokanakang, mafelotshupo, nako, tatelano, mmala le dingwaga) Dirisa puo go akanya le go batla mabaka • Supa le go tlhalosa go tshwana le go farologana ga dilo. • Nyalanya dilo tse di tsamaelanang a bo a bapisa dilo tse di farologaneng. • Aroganya dilo go ya ka mmala, popego le bogolo. • Supa dikarolo tsa selo go tswa mo selong se se feletseng jaaka dikarolo tsa mmele: legetla, letheka, lengole, sekgono jj. Dirisa puo go batlisisa le go utolola mabaka • Go botsa dipotso o batla ditlhaloso. • Neela ditlhaloso a bo a kopa tshedimosetso. • Rarabolola le go feleletsa malepatshwantsho a le lesome le go feta. Tlhotlha tshedimosetso: • Ntsha tshedimosetso e e tlhophilweng go tswa mo tlhalosong. Dirisa ditshwantshetso le ditshwantsho tse di bogelwang go dira bokao • Leba ditshwantsho ka tlhoafalo le go bua ka ga maitemogelo a a tlwaelegileng a bona. • Batla setshwantsho se se rileng mo setshwantshong se se matswakabele. • Tshameka motshameko wa go batla jaaka go batla selo se se fitlhilweng mo gare ga dilo tse dingwe mo phaposiborutelong • Farologanya dipopego tsa ditlhaka le mafoko a a farologaneng, sekao: tlhaola dilo tse di tshwanang, leba tatelano ya ditshwantsho tse di batlileng di tshwana, ntsha tse di farologaneng o tlhalose gore ke ka ntlha ya eng fa di farologane. • Rulaganya tatelano ya ditshwantsho mme a anele kgang e a e itlhametseng. CAPS 37
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa Tlhatlhobo E e sa tlhomamang Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso Ela tlhoko • Reetsa kwa ntle ga kgoreletso le go bua ka go refosana. • Opela dipina, boka maboko o diragatse le botlhe mo phaposiborutelong. • Boka maboko le diraeme ba bo ba diragatsa mo ditlhopheng. • Tlotla dikgang tsa gago mme o boeletse dikgang tsa ba bangwe ka mafoko a gago. • Dirisa puo go tlhabolola tlhaloganyo mo dirutweng tsotlhe (sk. bokanakang, mafelotshupo, nako, tatelano, mmala le dingwaga) • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong le go botsa dipotso. • Batla setshwantsho se se rileng mo setshwantshong se se matswakabele. • Supa le go tlhalosa go tshwana le go farologana ga dilo. • Leba ditshwantsho ka tlhoafalo le go bua ka ga maitemogelo a a tlwaelegileng a bona. Dirisa lenanenetefatso le ruburiki e e akaretsang gotlhe 38 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO R SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 2 TSHIMOLOLO YA PUISO DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Go buisa Tshimololo ya puiso • Tlhabolola motsamao o o siameng wa matlho jaaka go sala morago motsamao wa kgwele go tswa ka fa molemeng go ya ka fa mojeng • Tlhabolola matshwaotshupo jaaka go tsamaisa dimikana go tswa ka fa letsogong la molema go ya ka fa mojeng, kwa godimo le kwa tlase • Tshwara buka sentle, a phutholola ditsebe tsa yona ka tshwanelo fa a buisa. • Dirisa ditshwantsho go bonelapele gore kgang e bua ka ga eng. Sekao, ‘buisa’ ditshwantsho le dibuka tse di nang le dintlhatlhaloso go bontsha go tlhaloganya gore mafoko le ditshwantsho di a tsamaisana mme di a farologana. Supa mafoko fa o buisa. • Ranola ditshwantsho go itlhamela kgang: ‘buisa’ ditshwantsho. • Dira jaaka e kete o a buisa le go dirisa lentswe la go buisa. • Tlhaloganya gore mokwalo o na le bokao. Itse fa mafoko a ka emela leina la gago, maina a batho, mafelo le dilo. • Lemoga leina la gago le a bana ba bangwe ba batlhano mo phaposing. • Buisa dikarata tsa puiso le dintlhatlhaloso mo ditlhopheng le morutabana. • Tlhaloganya gore mafoko a a kwadilweng a kaya mafoko a a buiwang jaaka dikgang tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tse di kwadilweng ke morutabana fa morutwana a ne a bua. • ‘Buisa’ mafoko a a ipoeletsang kgapetsakgapetsa: maina a ditsala, khalentara le mafoko a maemo a bosa/loapi). • Dirisa ditshwantsho go ‘buisa’ dipolelwana tse di bonolo kgotsa ditlhogo tsa dibuka, sekao: Ntšwa, e le setlhogo - barutwana ba leba tsebe e e nang le setshwantsho sa ntšwa. • Diragatsa dikarolwana dingwe tsa kgang, pina kgotsa raeme. • Reetsa le go tsaya karolo mo dikgannyeng le ditlhangwa tse dingwe tse di buisitsweng. Gakologelwa dintlha le go neela kgangkgolo ya setlhangwa. • Bua ka ditlhangwa tse di jaaka dikgang o dirisa mareo a a jaaka ‘tshimologo’, ‘mmele’, ‘bokhutlo’, ‘modumo’,‘lefoko’, ‘tlhaka’, ‘moribo’. Puisokopanelo Ditirwana tsa metsotso e le 15 gabedi kgotsa gararo mo bekeng a dirisa mokwalo o o godisitsweng jaaka Dibukakgolo, diphousetara. Morutabana o bontsha barutwana botlhe dikgato tsa puiso ka nako ya dipuisano kgotsa mo mosakong wa puo mo dikopanong tse pedi tsa nako e e Totileng Puo. Dirisa bonnye Dibukakgolo di le 5 mo kgweditharong. • Buisang mokwalo o o dirisitsweng jaaka maboko, dibuka tse dikgolo le diphousetara le morutabana mo phaposing • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong le go tlhalosa baanelwa mo kgannyeng • Thala ditshwantsho o neelana ka dintlhakgolo tsa kgang, dipina kgotsa diraeme • Latedisanya ditshwantsho tsa kgang ka tatelano mme o buise kgang • Tsibogela kgang ka go diragatsa motsamao le ditirwana tsa terama (sk. dikolobe di le tharo) • Bonelapele gore go tla diragala eng mo kgannyeng o dirisa setlhangwa se se tlwaelegileng le ditshwantsho. • Tsibogela dikgang ka go dira botsweretshi ba go bopa (sk. penta setshwantsho sa kgang). Puiso ka nosi • ‘Buisa’ dibuka ka nosi go ijesa monate kwa laeboraring kgotsa mo sekhutlwaneng sa puiso. Temogo ya Medumopuo/Ditlhaka Ditirwana tsa metsotso e le 15 ka letsatsi Bontsi jwa ditirwana tsa medumopuo e e neetsweng fa tlase fa, di ka dirwa ka nako ya thuto ya mo mosakong • Farologanya kutlo ya medumo e e farologaneng magareng ga medumopuo e e farologaneng segolo fa o simolola leina la gago. CAPS 39
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 • Reetsa lefoko le le farologaneng le a mangwe mo tatelanong ya mafoko otlhe a a simololang ka modumo o o tshwanang. (Sekao, bua, bula, bela, pelo) kgotsa tlhaola gore a medumo e mebedi e e neetsweng e a tshwana kgotsa e a farologana (sk. g/g/ tshwana kgotsa g/f/ farologana). • Kgaoganya mafoko a a nang le dinoko tse dintsi ka dinoko tsa teng.(sk. pa-na-na) kgotsa go tlhaola dinoko mo leineng la ngwana mo phaposing, sk. Thabo - tha-bo / le na le dinoko di le pedi - opa gabedi, Tsoo - opa gangwe • Lemoga morumo wa mafoko mo diraemeng le dipina tse di tlwaelegileng. Sekao, motse wa šwa, motse wa šwa) • Bonelapele morumo mo dipineng le mo di raemeng tse dišwa mme o feleletse mola kgotsa polelo. • Lemoga modumo o o simololang mafoko a a buiwang, segolo mo leineng la gago, Katlego Nyalanya medumo ya mafoko le ditlhaka • Tlhaloganya gore mafoko a na le medumo e e fetang o le mongwe. Sekao: kae, k-a-e, ka molomo. • Go lemoga medumo mo tshimologong ya mafoko a mangwe jaaka maina a ditsala. TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa Tlhatlhobo E e sa tlhomamang Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso Ela tlhoko • Tlhaloganya gore mokwalo o na le bokao: mafoko a a emelang leina la gago, maina a batho, mafelo le dilo. • Tshwara buka sentle, a phutholola ditsebe tsa yona ka tshwanelo. • Buisang mokwalo o o godisitsweng jaaka maboko, buka e kgolo, phousetara le ditlhangwa tsa khomphiutha le morutabana. • Sekaseka le go tlhalosa baanelwa mo kgannyeng. • Farologanya medumopuo e e farologaneng segolo kwa tshimologong ya mafoko. Dirisa lenanenetefatso le le akaretsang gotlhe 40 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO R SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 2 TSHIMOLOLO YA GO KWALA DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi mo dirutweng tsotlhe tsa Puo le mo dirutweng tse dingwe. Ditirwana tsa botsweretshi le tsa mosako wa mmino ke ditšhono tse di siametseng go tlhabolola dikgono tsa motsamao wa mesifa e mennye. • Tlhabolola dikgono tsa motsamao wa mesifa e mennye go tiisa mesifa ya seatla ka go potoka mmopa, bopa ka tege, go letsa lepatata mo moweng, dibaga, tsenya mogala mo diphatlheng tsa karata. • Tlhabolola taolo ya mesifa e mennye go tiisa menwana ka go tshameka diraeme tsa menwana tse dintsi ka tiragatso ya menwana. • Tlhabolola taolo ya mesifa e mennye ka go dirisa dikere go sega bontle ba setshwantsho, sebopego jj. • Tlhabolola kgolagano ya leitlho le seatla: go tshameka motshameko wa go kapa kgetsana ya dinawa, dikgwele tsa tenese, dikgwele tsa dipampiri jj. le go dira dipatorone tse di raraaneng a dirisa dikheraeyone. • Tlhabolola taolo ya mesifa e megolo: dira ka bobedi kgotsa a le mongwe go aga ditlhaka o dirise mmele wa gago. • Simolola go bopa ditlhaka: a penta ditlhaka ka menwana, maratšhe, dikheraeyone tsa mafura • Gatisa bokafantle jwa ditshwantsho, dipaterone le maina a bona mo ntlheng e e nepagetseng ya tshimologo le go supa dintlhatshupo mo ditlhakeng • Kopolola dipaterone mo botong ya ditlhomelwa le mafoko le ditlhaka mo pampiring. • Dirisa didiriswa tsa go kwala ka nepo: maratšhe a go penta le dikheraeyone tsa mafura. • Go tshwara kheraeyone ka nepo a dirisa mokgwa o o maleba wa go tshwara pene. • ‘Kwala’ o ntse ka tsela e e nepagetseng. Tshimololo ya go kwala: • Thala setshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa jaaka ‘dikgang’ tsa gago. • Tlhaloganya gore go kwala le go thala ditshwantsho go a farologana le go simolola go kopolola ditlhaka le dinomore go tswa mo tikologong ya phaposi ka maiteko a mokwalo wa gago • ‘Buisa’ gore ditlhaka le mokwalo wa sediko/ o o sa buisegeng o kaya eng. • Diragatsa metshameko ya go kwala mo mabakeng a go tshameka: dira dikarata tsa ditumediso, kwala makwalo. • Simolola go ‘kwala’ le go ela tlhoko dintlha tsa go kwala go tswa ka fa molemeng go ya ka fa mojeng, le go ya kwa godimo le kwa tlase mo tsebeng. • Kopolola mokwalo go tswa mo tikologong ka nosi jaaka matshwao mo dikungong tsa ntlo fa ba tshameka. Go dira ka mafoko • Aba mafoko a a nang le ditlhaka kgotsa medumo e e tshwanang. • Supa tlhaka kgotsa sekgala mo gare ga mokwalo: maina a bona kgotsa mafoko a a tlwaelegileng • Nna le seabe mo go ageng dipolelwana tsa setlhangwa se se kwadilweng mo phaposing: morutabana o biletsa morutwana mme morutwana o a kwala. TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa Tlhatlhobo E e sa tlhomamang Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso Ela tlhoko • Thala ditshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa jaaka ‘dikgang’ tsa gago • Tlhabololo ya taolo ya mesifa e megolo: dira ka bobedi kgotsa a le nosi go aga ditlhaka a dirisa mmele wa gago go bopa ditlhaka • Simolola go bopa ditlhaka ka go penta ka maratšhe le dikheraeyone tsa mafura. • Tlhaloganya gore go kwala le go thala ditshwantsho go a farologana le go simolola go kopolola ditlhaka le dinomore go tswa mo tikologong ya mo phaposing ka maiteko a mokwalo wa gago • Buisa’ gore ditlhaka le mokwalo wa sediko/ o o sa buisegeng o kaya eng. • Simolola go ‘kwala’ le go ela tlhoko dintlha tsa go kwala go tswa ka fa molemeng le go ya ka fa mojeng, le go ya kwa godimo le go ya kwa tlase mo tsebeng. Dirisa lenanenetefatso le ruburiki e e akaretsang gotlhe CAPS 41
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO R SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 3 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi mo dirutweng tsotlhe tsa Puo le dirutwa tse dingwe. Ditirwana tse di latelang di ka itsisiwe mo mesakong mengwe fela kgotsa mo go yotlhe ya Mophato R: mmino, motsamao, saense, puo, dikgang, go bontsha le go tlotla kgang le ditirwana tsa botsweretshi. • Go reetsa dipotso ka tlhoafalo le go neela dikarabo • Go reetsa dikitsiso le go di tsibogela ka tshwanelo • Go reetsa ditaelo tse di mmalwa tse di raraaneng mme o di diragatse. • Supa maitsholo a a siameng a go reetsa ka go supa tlotlo fa sebui se bua, go sa se tsene ganong le go bua ka go refosanya. • Tlotla dikgang tsa gago mme o boeletse dikgang tsa ba bangwe ka mafoko a gago. • Opela dipina le diraeme o diragatse ka bowena. • Boka maboko le diraeme le go tlaleletsa ka go di diragatsa ka go itshepa. • Reetsa kgang e telele o bontshe fa o tlhaloganya ka go araba dipotso tse di nyalanang le kgang. • Baya ditshwantsho tsa kgang ka go latelana. • Reetsa le go gakologelwa tatelano ya mafoko a a bonolo. Sekao, ama, ana, aga, ala. Simolola ka mafoko a le mararo go ya go a le mane le go feta. • Tlotla ka ditshwantsho tse di mo diphousetareng, ditšhate tse di nang le dithitokgang le dibuka jj. di nyalelane le dithitokgang di le 5 mo kgweditharong. Dirisa puo go tlhabolola dikgopolo • Dirisa puo go tlhabolola dikgopolo mo dirutweng tsotlhe. Sekao, Dipalo: bogolo, nako, popego, dintlhatshupo le mmala ka nako ya motshameko o o lokologileng. Dirisa puo go akanya le go batla mabaka • Supa le go tlhalosa go tshwana ga dilo le go farologana ga tsona. • Nyalanya dilo tse di tsamaelanang o bo o di tshwantshanye le tse di farologaneng. • Aroganya dilo go ya ka mmala, popego le bogolo. • Tlhaola dikarolo go tswa mo selong se le sengwe se se se feletseng (sk. dikarolwana tse di bopang setshwantsho jj.) Dirisa puo go batlisisa le go utolola mabaka ka go: • Botsa dipotso le go batla go bona tharabololo go tswa mo dibukeng. • Neela ditlhaloso le ditharabololo. • Fetsa malepatshwantsho a a mo magareng ga lesome le masome-a- mabedi. Tlhotlha tshedimosetso: • Ntsha tshedimosetso e e rileng go tswa mo tlhalosong. Dirisa ditshwantsho tse di bogelwang go bopa bokao • Tlhaloganya gore ditshwantsho le dinepe di fitlhisa bokao ka ga ditiragalo, batho, mafelo, le dilo mme a bue ka ga tsona. • Lebelela ditshwantsho ka kelotlhoko le go bua maitemogelo a a tlwaelegileng. • Ntsha dithalo le meakanyetso go tswa mo bokafapeleng le mo lemoragong la setshwantsho se se matswakabele. • Batla dilo tse di fitlhilweng mo magareng ga tse dingwe mo phaposing mme o kaele barutwana go ya kwa go tsona ba dirisa kaelo tsa ntlhalefelo tse di bonolo. • Farologanya magareng ga popego ya ditlhaka le mafoko a a farologaneng (sk. b le d) • Latelanya ditshwantsho le go bua kgang e a e itlhametseng. 42 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa Tlhatlhobo E e sa tlhomamang Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso Ela tlhoko • Go reetsa dipotso ka tlhoafalo le go neela dikarabo • Supa maitsholo a a siameng a go reetsa ka go supa tlotlo fa sebui se bua, go sa se tsene ganong le go bua ka go refosanya. • Opela dipina le diraeme o diragatsa ka bowena • Tlotla dikgang tsa gago mme o boeletse dikgang tsa ba bangwe ka mafoko a gago. • Dirisa puo go tlhabolola dikgopolo mo dirutweng tsotlhe. Sekao, dipalo, bogolo, nako, popego, dintlhatshupo le mmala ka nako ya motshameko o o lokologileng. • Nyalanya dilo tse di tsamaelanang o bo o tshwantshanye dilo tse di farologaneng • Tlhaloganya gore ditshwantsho le dinepe di bolela bokao ka ga ditiragalo, batho, mafelo, le dilo mme o bue ka tsona. • Lebelela ditshwantsho ka kelotlhoko le go bua maitemogelo a a tlwaelegileng Dirisa lenanenetefatso le ruburiki e e akaretsang gotlhe go tlhatlhoba Puo CAPS 43
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO R SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 3 TSHIMOLOLO YA PUISO DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Puiso: Dikgono tsa tshimololo ya go buisa • Tlhabolola motsamao wa matlho. Sekao, go sala morago motsamao wa pene go tswa ka fa molemeng go ya ka fa mojeng • Tlhabolola ntlhakaelo: ‘buisa’ tlhatlhamano ya ditshwantsho kgotsa metsu e e tswang ka fa molemeng go ya ka fa mojeng le go tswa kwa godimo le kwa tlase • O kgona go nyalanya mafoko le dilo: nyalanya matshwao le dilo tse di tshwailweng mo tafoleng e e ngokelang/dipontsho • Dirisa ditshwantsho go tlhaloganya dipolelo le dipolelelwana tse di bonolo mo bukeng. Sekao, setshwantsho sa katse le polelo e e buisegang jaana: ‘Leba katse.’ • Tshwara buka sentle, a phutholola ditsebe tsa yona ka tshwanelo. • Ranola ditshwantsho go itlhamela kgang ya gago, e bong go ‘buisa’ ditshwantsho • Farologanya ditshwantsho le mokwalo: supa lefoko le go botsa gore lefoko leo ke eng • Dira jaaka e kete o a buisa mme o itlwaetse go dirisa lentswe la go buisa. • Buisa mafoko a a ipoeletsang kgapetsakgapetsa mo motseng/toropong: maina a mabenkele, matshwao a mafelo a bosetšhaba jaaka ditleleniki, poso, seteišene sa maphodisa jj. • Simolola go lemoga mafoko a a dirisiwang kgapetsakgapetsa mo phaposing: mafoko a a kayang maemo a bosa, malatsi a beke, maina a barutwana-ka-ena, dikgwedi tsa ngwaga jj. • ‘Buisa’ dibuka tsa ditshwantsho ka go bonelapele dipolelo di le tharo kgotsa di le nne tse di ka tswang foo, sk. ke ntšwa, leba ntšwa, ke ntšwa e kgolo • Diragatsa kgang, pina kgotsa leboko • Gakologelwa dintlha ka botlalo le go neela dintlhakgolo go tswa mo kgannyeng e e buisitsweng ke morutabana. • Thala ditshwantsho tsa kgang, dipina kgotsa diraeme. • Buisanang ka ga go tshwara dibuka le tlhokomelo ya tsona. • Reetsa le go buisana ka ga dikgang le ditlhangwa tse di buiseditswang kwa godimo • Dirisa mafoko a a jaaka ‘modumo’,’ lefoko’, ‘tlhaka’, ‘moribo’, ‘tshimologo’, ‘magare’, ‘bokhutlo’, fa ba bua ka setlhangwa Puisokopanelo Ditirwana tsa metsotso e le 15 di dirwa ga 2-3 mo bekeng a dirisa mokwalo o o godisitsweng jaaka wa Dibukakgolo, diphousetara jj. Morutabana o diragatsa sekao le barutwana botlhe, sekao, dipuisano kgotsa mosako wa puo mo dikopanong tse pedi tsa nako e e totileng puo. Dirisa bonnye dibukakgolo di le 5 mo kgweditharong. • ‘Buisang’ dibukakgolo le ditlhangwa dingwe fela tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng gammogo le morutabana. • ‘Buisang’ ditlhangwa tse lo di itlhametseng kgotsa tse di tlhamilweng ke setlhopha se se rileng mo phaposing, sekao, dipolelo di kwalwa ke morutabana, barutwana ba mo lebile, ba bua e bile ba mmiletsa. • Dira dikgolagano tsa maitemogelo a gago ka nosi fa o buisa le morutabana, o lebile thelebišene kgotsa ditshwantsho. • Tlhalosa dipharologantsho tsa baanelwa mo kgannyeng kgotsa mo kgannyeng ya thelebišene le go neela dikakanyo tsa gago. • Supa tatelano ya ditiragalo mo dikgannyeng tse di bonolo. • Dirisa bokafantle jwa buka le ditshwantsho tse di mo setlhangweng gore a bonele kgang kwa pele. • Buisang ditlhangwa mmogo mme lo oketse go itshepa le go ijesa monate ka nako ya puisokopanelo. • Araba dipotso tse di farologaneng tse di tswang mo kgannyeng e e buisitsweng. Puiso ka nosi • ‘Buisa’ dibuka ka nosi go tswa kwa laeboraring kgotsa mo sekhutlwaneng sa puiso sa mo phaposing go ijesa monate, o phutholola ditsebe ka tshwanelo, o be o bontshe maitsholo a a siameng a go tshola dibuka. 44 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Temogo ya Medumopuo/Ditlhaka Ditirwana tsa metsotso e le 15 letsatsi le letsatsi Bontsi jwa ditirwana tsa medumopuo tse di neetsweng fa tlase fa, di ka itsisiwe ka thulaganyo ya ka gale le ka nako ya mo mosakong. • Kgaoganya dipolelo tse di buiwang ka molomo ka mafoko a a ikemetseng o dirisa mafoko a nokonngwe pele (sk. O - a - šwa) • Kgaoganya mafoko a a dinokontsi ka dinoko: Opa diatla kgotsa o letse moropa mo nokong nngwe le nngwe mo mafokong le mo maineng a a jaaka ‘thi-to-kga-ng’, ‘Mo-nna-pu-la’. Barutwana ba ka bala gore a na le dinoko di le kae • Supa mafoko a a rumisanang mo diraemeng kgotsa dipineng tse di tlwaelegileng thata. Sekao, ‘Motse wa šwa, Motse wa šwa jj. • Emisetsa mafoko a a rumisanang mo pineng e e tlwaelegileng kgotsa mo raemeng e e tlwaelegileng ka a mangwe. Sekao, Motse wa šwa, Motse wa wa jj. • Lemoga le go neela maina a ditlhaka tse dingwe tsa alefabete bogolo tsa leina la gago. Sekao: Leina la me ke Nkele, le simolola ka tlhaka n). Nyalanya medumo ya mafoko le ditlhaka • Lemoga kutlwalo le pono ya ditumammogo le ditumanosi tse di simololang mafoko a a tlwaelegileng. Sekao, mo leineng la ga Mpho, morutwana o dumisa tlhaka ‘m’ fa morutabana a supa ’m’ • Tlhaloganya gore mafoko a na le medumo e e fetang o le mongwe. Sekao, nko e na le medumo e le meraro, yona ke: n-k-o • Lemoga medumo mo tshimologong ya mafoko mangwe: maina a ditsala kgotsa a diphologolo. TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa Tlhatlhobo: E e sa tlhomamang Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso Ela tlhoko • Dirisa ditshwantsho go tlhaloganya dipolelo le dipolelwana tse di bonolo mo bukeng. Sekao, setshwantsho sa katse le polelo e e buisegang ka go re: ‘Leba katse.’ • O ka nyalanya mafoko le dilo: nyalanya matshwao le dilo tse di tshwailweng mo tafoleng e e gogelang • Tshwara buka sentle, phutholola ditsebe tsa yona ka tshwanelo. • Ranola ditshwantsho go itlhamela kgang ya gago, e bong go ‘buisa’ ditshwantsho. • Buisang ditlhangwa tse lo itlhametsweng tsona kgotsa tse di tlhamilweng ke setlhopha se se rileng mo phaposing. Sekao, dipolelo di kwalwa ke morutabana, barutwana ba mo lebile ba mmiletsa. • Tlhalosa dipharologantsho tsa baanelwa mo kgannyeng kgotsa thelebišeneng le go neela dikakanyo tsa gago. • Buisa mafoko a a ipoeletsang kgapetsakgapetsa mo motseng/toropong: maina a mabenkele, matshwao a mafelo a bosetšhaba jaaka ditleliniki, poso, seteišene sa maphodisa jj. • Lemoga kutlwalo le pono ya ditumammogo le ditumanosi tse di simololang mafoko a a tlwaelegileng. Sekao, mo leineng la ga Mpho, morutwana o dumisa tlhaka ‘m’ fa morutabana a supa ’m’ • Lemoga le go neela maina a ditlhaka tse dingwe tsa alefabete bogolo tsa leina la gago. Leina la me ke Nkele, le simolola ka n. Dirisa lenanenetefatso le ruburiki e e akaretsang gotlhe. CAPS 45
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO R SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 3 TSHIMOLOLO YA GO KWALA DITENG /DIKGOPOLO / DIKGONO Tshimololo ya mokwalo: Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi mo dirutweng tsotlhe tsa Puo le mo dirutweng tse dingwe. Ditirwana tsa botsweretshi le tsa mosako wa mmino ke ditšhono tse di siametseng go tlhabolola dikgono tsa motsamao wa mesifa e mennye. • Tlhabolola taolo ya motsamao wa mesifa e mennye go tiisa ya seatla: go bopa ditlhaka ka tege, go bofa dikarata, dibaga ka mogala. • Tlhabolola taolo ya motsamao wa mesifa e mennye ya menwana ka go tshameka diraeme tsa menwana tse dintsi o diragatse ka menwana. • Tlhabolola taolo ya motsamao wa mesifa e mennye: o dirise sekere go sega bokafantle jwa setshwantsho, sebopego jj. • Tlhabolola tsamaisano ya letsogo le leitlho le seatla: go tshameka motshameko wa go latlhela le go kapa kgetsana ya dinawa, kgwele, dibolo tsa dipampiri jj. le go dira dipatorone tse di raraaneng a dirisa dikheraeyone. • Tlhabololo ya taolo ya mesifa e megolo: dira ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi ba aga ditlhaka ka mebele ya bona go dira/bopa ditlhaka • Simolola go bopa ditlhaka: dirisa menwana go penta, maratšhe a a pentang, dikheraeyone tsa mafura le boto ya ditlhomelwa. • Gatisa bokafantle jwa ditshwantsho, dipatorone, le maina a bona mo ntlheng ya tshimologo le e go kwalelwang kwa go yona e e neetsweng mo ditlhakeng • Kopololela dipaterone mo botong ya ditlhomelwa mme mafoko le ditlhaka a kopololelwe mo pampiring • Tshwara dikheraeyone a dirisa mokgwa o o amogelesegang wa go e tsamaisa, a kwale a ntse ka mokgwa o o siametseng motho go ka kwala. Tshimololo ya go kwala • Thala setshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa ka maitemogelo a gago, dirisa se jaaka tshimololo ya go kwala. Ka thuso ya morutabana, tsenya lefoko kgotsa polelwana mo setshwantshong. • Go tlhaloganya gore go kwala le go tshwantsha go a farologana le go simolola go kopolola ditlhaka le dinomore mo tikologong ya phaposi mo dikwalong tse a lekang go di ikwalela: Dira jaaka e kete o a kwala o dirisa motswako wa ditlhaka tse di kopolotsweng le dipolelo tse dikhutshwane tse di potologang ka mokgwa o o sa tlwaelegang. • Diragatsa metshameko ya go kwala mo mabakeng a a farologaneng. Sekao, ‘kwala’ mananeo. • Simolola go ‘kwala’ o ela tlhoko ditumelano tsa dintlhatshupo: ‘kwala’ go tswa ka fa molemeng go ya ka fa mojeng, le go tswa kwa godimo go ya kwa tlase mo tsebeng. • Kopolola mokwalo go tswa mo tikologong fa o tshameka. Sekao: matshwao go tswa mo dipapatsong • Nna le seabe mo go neeleng dikakanyo tsa buka ya dikgang ya mo phaposing. • Dirisa didiriswa tsa go kwala ka go itshepa le ka tokologo: dikherayarone le diphensele. Go dira ka mafoko • Kgobokanya ditshwantsho tsa mafoko a a rumisanang (sk. ‘aga’, ‘ama’, ‘ana’) • Supa tlhaka kgotsa diphatlha mo magareng ga mafoko a a kwadilweng: maina a bona kgotsa mafoko a a tlwaelegileng kgotsa mo bukeng. • Tsaya karolo mo go kwaleng dipolelo tsa sekgemetšhana tsa dikwalo tsa mo phaposing: morutwana o biletsa morutabana gore a kwale • Dirisa mareo a a jaaka, ‘tshimologo, bogare, bofelo / bokhutlo, modumo, lefoko, tlhaka’ fa ba bua ka setlhangwa. 46 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHOTLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa tlhatlhobo: E e sa tlhomamang Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso Ela tlhoko • Thala setshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa ka maitemogelo a gago, dirisa se jaaka ntlha ya go simolola go kwala. Ka thuso ya morutabana tsenya lefoko kgotsa polelwana mo setshwantshong. • Tlhaloganya gore go kwala le go tshwantsha go a farologana le go simolola go kopolola ditlhaka le dinomore mo tikologong ya phaposi mo dikwalong tse a lekang go di ikwalela. Dira jaaka e kete o a kwala o dirisa motswako wa ditlhaka tse di kopolotsweng le dipolelo tse dikhutshwane tse di potologang ka mokgwa o o sa tlwaelegang • Diragatsa metshameko ya go kwala. Sekao, ‘kwala’ lenaneo • Simolola go ‘kwala’ o ele tlhoko ditumelano tsa dintlhatshupo. Sekao: ‘kwala’ go tswa ka fa molemeng go ya ka fa mojeng, le go tswa kwa godimo go ya kwa tlase mo tsebeng. Dirisa lenanenetefatso le ruburiki e e akaretsang gotlhe CAPS 47
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO R SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 4 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) DITENG /DIKGOPOLO / DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi mo dirutweng tsotlhe tsa Puo le tsa dirutwa tse dingwe. Ditirwana tse di latelang di ka itsisiwe ka nako ya dirutwa mo mosakong wa Mophato R: mmino, motsamao, saense, puo, dikgang, go bontsha le go tlotla dikgang le botsweretshi mo go tse di bopiwang. • Reetsa dipotso ka tlhoafalo mme o neele dikarabo. • Reetsa ditaelo mme o di tsibogele ka tshwanelo. • Fetisa melaetsa. • Reetsa tatelano e e marara ya ditaelo mme o di diragatse. • Reetsa ntle le go tsena mongwe ganong, o supe tlotlo fa sebui se bua, o refosanya go bua. • Reetsa kgang e telele mme o bontshe go tlhaloganya ka go araba dipotso tse di tsamaisanang le kgang. • Tlotla dikgang le go boeletsa dikgang tsa barutwana-ka-wena o dirisa mafoko a gago. • Opela dipina le diraeme mme o diragatse ka go itshepa. • Boka maboko le diraeme o diragetse ka go itshepa. • Latedisanya ditshwantsho tsa kgang. • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong le go botsa dipotso. • Reetsa le go gakologelwa tatelano ya mafoko a a bonolo jaaka ‘ema, ama, ima, duma’- Simolola ka mafoko a le mararo mme o agelele go fitlha go a le mane kgotsa go feta. • Tlotla ka ditshwantsho tse di mo diphousetareng, karata ya thitokgang, dirisa dibuka tsa dithitokgang di le tlhano tse di farologaneng mo kgweditharong. Dirisa puo go tlhabolola tlhaloganyo • Dirisa puo go tlhabolola dikgopolo mo dirutweng tsotlhe: bokanakang, bogolo, sebopego, dintlhatshupo, mmala, lobelo, nako, dingwaga le tatelano Dirisa puo go akanya le go batla mabaka • Supa le go tlhalosa dintlha tsa tshwano le tsa pharologano. • Nyalanya dilo tse di tsamaelanang mme o tshwantshanye dilo tse di farologaneng. • Aroganya dilo ka ditlhopha go ya ka mokgwa wa gago le ka mekgwa e e marara jaaka mo phopholegong. • Supa dikarolwana go tswa mo selong se se feletseng mo dilong tse nang le pope ya tlhakorepedi mme a bope dilo tse di tlhakoretharo. Kopolola setshwantsho kgotsa paterone go tswa mo karateng ya tlhakorepedi, o dirisa dimika kgotsa dipopego tsa polasetiki ya tlhakoretharo. Dirisa puo go batlisisa le go tlhotlhomisa • Botsa dipotso mme o batle ditlhaloso mo dibukeng, mo thelebišeneng, khomphiutheng • Reetsa mathata mme o neele tharabololo • Feleletsa malepatshwantsho a le 20 kgotsa maleana a le mantsinyana. Tlhotlha tshedimosetso: • Ntsha tshedimosetso e e rileng go tswa mo ditlhalosong tse di neelwang ka molomo. Sekao, reetsa nako ya tshimologo ya ditiragalo go tswa mo dikitsisong 48 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Dirisa ditshwantshetso tse di bogelwang go bopa bokao • Tlhaloganya gore ditshwantsho le dinepe di fitlhisa bokao jwa ditiragalo, batho, mafelo, dilo mme o tlotle ka ga tsona • Dirisa ditshwantsho go bonelapele diteng tsa dikgang • Supa bokwapele le lemorago mo setshwantshong jaaka dielemente tse pedi tse di farologaneng • Tshameka motshameko wa dintlhatshupo le morutabana gammogo le ditsala. Sekao, motshameko wa tšhese. • Farologanya dipopego magareng ga ditlhaka le mafoko a a farologaneng: tlhaola ditlhaka tse di dirilweng ka polasetiki ka ditlhopha tse di tshwanang • Nyalanya ditshwantsho le mafoko o dirisa mafoko a a maleba TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa Tlhatlhobo: E e sa tlhomamang Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso Ela tlhoko • Reetsa ntle le go tsena mongwe ganong, o supa tlotlo fa sebui se bua, o refosanye go bua. • Opela dipina le diraeme mme o diragatse ka go itshepa • Tlotla dikgang le go boeletsa dikgang tsa barutwana-ka-wena o dirisa mafoko a gago • Tlhaola le go tlhalosa go tshwana le go farologana. • Nyalanya dilo tse di tsamaelanang mme o tshwantshanye le dilo tse di farologaneng. • Dirisa puo go tlhabolola dikgopolo mo dirutweng tsotlhe: bokanakang, bogolo, sebopego, dintlhatshupo, mmala, lebelo, nako, dingwaga le tatelano. Dirisa lenanenetefatso le ruburiki e e akaretsang gotlhe CAPS 49
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO R SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 4 TSHIMOLOLO YA PUISO DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Puiso: Dikgono tsa tshimololo ya puiso • Nyalanya mafoko le ditshwantsho mo mokwalong jaaka maleana a mafoko le ditshwantsho • Ranolola ditshwantsho go aga dikakanyo. Sekao, itlhamele kgang le go buisa ditshwantsho. • Farologanya ditshwantsho le mokwalo: Sekao, supa lefoko mme o kope gore le buisiwe • ‘Buisa’ setlhangwa sa gago jaaka dipolelo tse di kwadilweng ke morutabana. • Simolola go ‘buisa’ mafoko a a tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa mo phaposing le kwa sekolong: lebati, khaboto, setilo jj. • ‘Buisa’ dibuka tsa ditshwantsho tsa maemo a a kwa godingwana. • Diragatsa kgang, pina kgotsa raeme. • Gakologelwa dintlha mme o neelane ka kakanyokgolo. • Thala ditshwantsho tsa kgang, dipina le diraeme. • Buisanang ka ga tshwaro le tlhokomelo ya dibuka. Puisokopanelo Ditirwana tsa metsotso e le 15, di dirwa gabedi kgotsa gararo mo bekeng a dirisa mokwalo o o godisitsweng jaaka mo Dibukakgolo, diphousetara (bonnye dibukakgolo di le 5 mo kgweditharong.) • Buisa dibuka tse dikgolo kgotsa ditlhangwa tse dingwe tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng le morutabana. • ‘Buisa’ kgang e e itlhametsweng mo phaposing, jaaka dipolelo tse di kwadilweng ke morutabana le ditlhopheng • Supa mafoko go na le ditshwantsho fa o buisa. • Golaganya maitemogelo a gago fa o buisa le morutabana o ntse o lebile thelebišene kgotsa ditshwantsho. • Tlhalosa dipharologantsho tsa baanelwa ba kgang kgotsa ba ba mo thelebišeneng le go neela maikutlo a gago • Supa tatelano ya ditiragalo mo kgannyeng e e bonolo. • Dirisa bokafantle jwa buka le ditshwantsho tse di mo bukeng go bonelapele ditiragalo tsa kgang. • Nna le seabe mo puisokopanelong ya ditlhangwa ka go itshepa go go oketsegileng; e bile a di itumelela ka nako ya puisokopanelo. • Araba dipotso di le mmalwa ka ga kgang e e buisitsweng. Puiso ka nosi • ‘Buisa’ dibuka ka nosi kwa laeboraring kgotsa mo sekhutlwaneng sa puiso sa mo phaposing go ijesa monate, o phutholola ditsebe ka tshwanelo, o be o bontshe maitsholo a a amogelesegang a go tshola dibuka. Temogo ya medumopuo/Ditlhaka Ditirwana tsa metsotso e le 15 tsa letsatsi le letsatsi Bontsi jwa ditirwana tsa medumopuo tse di mo lenaaneng le le fa tlase di ka itsisiwe ka nako ya mosako wa tsamaiso ya ka gale. Kgaoganya dipolelo tsa molomo ka mafoko. Sekao, opa diatla mo lefokong lengwe le lengwe mo polelong o dirisa mafoko a noko e le nngwe - ‘ke nako ya dijo’ • Kgaoganya mafoko a a nang le dinoko tse dintsi ka dinoko: motlotlegi - mo-tlo-tle-gi • Supa mafoko a a rumisanang mo diraemeng le mo dipineng tse di tlwaelegileng ka tatelano ya morumo wa mafoko. • Lemoga ka go utlwa le go bona kamano ya ditumammogo le ditumanosi bogolo segolo tse di simololang mo mafokong a a tlwaelegileng. • Lemoga le go naya ditlhaka dingwe tsa alefabete maina, jaaka, ditlhaka tse di mo maineng a bona • Amanya medumo le dialefabete le mafoko mme o tlhaloganye gore mafoko a bopilwe ka medumo e e fetang bongwe: sekao. Bana ke b-a-n-a (seno ba se dira ka go utlwa) • Lemoga medumo mo tshimologong ya mafoko • Simolola go lemoga gore mafoko a dirilwe ka medumo. Sekao, ditlhaka tse di simololang maina a bona. 50 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa Tlhatlhobo: E e sa tlhomamang Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso Ela tlhoko • Ranolola ditshwantsho go aga dikakanyo: itlhamele kgang le go buisa ditshwantsho. • Buisa dibuka tse dikgolo kgotsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng le morutabana. • Lemoga ka go utlwa le go bona dingwe tsa ditumammogo le ditumanosi bogolo segolo mo tshimologong ya mafoko a a tlwaelegileng. • Lemoga le go neela maina a ditlhaka dingwe tsa alefabete jaaka tsa leina la gago. Dirisa lenanenetefatso le ruburiki e e akaretsang gotlhe CAPS 51
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO R SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 4 TSHIMOLOLO YA GO KWALA DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO TSHIMOLOLO YA MOKWALO: Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi mo dirutweng tsotlhe tsa Puo le tsa dirutwa tse dingwe. Ditirwana tse di latelang tsa botsweretshi le tsa mosako wa mmino ke ditšhono tse di siametseng go tlhabolola dikgono tsa motsamao wa mesifa e mennye. • Tlhabolola dikgono tsa mesifa e mennye go tiisa mesifa ya seatla. • Tshameka motshameko wa raeme, o e diragatse ka menwana. • Dirisa sekere go sega bokafantle jwa ditshwantsho, dipopego jj. • Tshameka motshameko wa go kapa kgetse ya dinawa, dikgwele, dikgwele tsa pampiri jj. le go bopa ditshwantsho a dira dipaterone tsa maemo a a kwa godimo ka dikheraeyone. • Dira ka bobedi kgotsa o le mongwe o bope ditlhaka ka go dirisa dikarolo tsa mmele. • Bopa ditlhaka o pente ka menwana, maratšhe a go penta, dikheraeyone tsa mafura jj. • Gatisa bofakantle jo bo bonolo jwa ditshwantsho, dipaterone le maina a bona mo ntlheng e e simololang le dintlhatshupo tse di kwadilweng, di nepagetse, di bontshiwa mo ditlhakeng. • Kopolola dipaterone mo botong ya ditlhomelwa, mafoko le ditlhaka mo pampireng • Tshwara kheraeyone ka nepo o bontsha gore ke letsogo lefe le o le dirisang (go bontsha letsogo le le maatla la gago, moja/molema) • Bopa ditlhakannye tse dingwe ka nepo k.g.r. go simolola le go feleletsa mo lefelong le le siameng. Tshimololo ya mokwalo: • Thala ditshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa ka ga maitemogelo a gago o dirise se jaaka se o simololang go kwala ka ga sona: Ka thuso ya morutabana, tlatsa ka lefoko kgotsa ka polelo mo setshwantshong • Kopolola ditlhaka le dinomore go tswa mo tikologong ya phaposi fa a kwala • Tlhaloganya gore go kwala le go thala ke dilo tse pedi tse di farologaneng le go simolola go kopolola ditlhaka le dinomore go tswa mo tikologong ya phaposi ka maiteko a gago a go kwala : dira jaaka e kete o kwala ditlhaka tse di tlhakatlhakaneng le mokwalo wa sediko/o o sa buisegeng wa bana ba ba ithutang go kwala • Diragatsa mokwalo mo maemong a go tshameka: Sekao, kwala manaane • Kwala ka kelotlhoko o lebile melawana ya dintlhatshupo: kwala go tswa kwa molemeng go ya kwa mojeng, kwa godimo go ya kwa tlase mo tsebeng • Kopolola mokwalo go tswa mo tikologong fa go tshamekwa jaaka go kwala matshwao go tswa mo dipapatsong. • Tsaya karolo mo go kokoanyeng dikakanyo tsa buka ya mo phaposing. • Dirisa didiriswa tsa go kwala ka go itshepa le ka tokologo: dikheraeyone le diphensele Go dira ka mafoko • Kgobokanyo ditshwantsho tsa mafoko a a rumisanang jaaka, ana, ona, ena, ina. • Kopolola dipolelo le mafoko a makhutshwane a a kwadilweng ke morutabana. • Supa tlhaka kgotsa diphatlha mo magareng ga mafoko a a kwadilweng jaaka maina a bona kgotsa mafoko a a tlwaelegileng mo bukeng. • Neelana ka dipolelo mo mokwalong wa mo phaposing: morutwana o a bitsa fa morutabana ena a kwala. • Dirisa mareo jaaka ‘tshimologo’, ‘mmele’, ‘bokhutlo’, ‘modumo’, ‘lefoko’, ‘tlhaka’, ‘raeme’. 52 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa Tlhatlhobo: E e sa tlhomamang Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso Ela tlhoko • Thala ditshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa ka maitemogelo a gago o dirise se jaaka se o simololang go kwala ka ga sona: Ka thuso ya morutabana, tlaleletsa ka lefoko kgotsa ka polelo mo setshwantshong • Kwala le go kopa ba bangwe go naya bokao jwa se se kwadilweng • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe • Kopolola ditlhaka le dinomore ka go di kwala go tswa mo tikologong ya phaposi • Lekeletsa mefuta e e tlwaelegileng ya go kwala, o dirise ditlhaka tse o di itseng, sekao, kwalela lekwalo kwa gae Dirisa lenanenetefatso le ruburiki e e akaretsang gotlhe CAPS 53
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 DITLHANGWA/METSWEDI E E atlenEgisitsweng mo ngwageng GO REETSA LE GO BUA • Ditshwantsho le diphousetara • Ditšhate tsa mmala • Ditšhate tsa dinomore • Metshameko • Didiriswa tse di tsamaisanang le thitokgang le setlhogo • Dikgametšhana tsa kgang tse di kgomarediwang mo botong • Ditshwantsho ka tatelano • Malepatshwantsho a le 20 • Ditshamekisi jaaka diboloko, dikoloi, dimpopo, ditshosa, bo mamatlhwane jj. • Therei ya motlhaba le dilwana tsa go tshameka mo metsing • Dibotlolo tsa polasetiki, dijeke, mabokoso jj. • DiCD kgotsa ditheipi tse di nang le dikgang (di buisiwa kgotsa di tlotliwa, maboko, diraeme le dipina, setshameka CD kgotsa segatisa lentswe, thelebišene le ditheipi tsa bidio le diDVD. • Diletswa tsa mmino sk. moropa, ditshipi le dithobanyane jj. PUISO LE MEDUMOPUO • Ditshwantsho le diphousetara • Ditšhate tsa mafoko a alefabete • Dibuka tse dikgolo tse di rekilweng le tse di itlhametsweng - tse dingwe di dirilwe ka nako ya mokwalokopanelo. • Mokwalo o o godisitsweng o o itlhametsweng kgotsa o o rekilweng, sk. maboko, dipina, diraeme jj. • Dibuka tsa dikgang le tsa ditshwantsho • Matshwaopapatso le dikao tse di maleba tsa mokwalo wa tikologo • Makwalodikgang le dimakasini • Dikarata tsa matshwao tsa dilwana tsa mo phaposing • Dikarata tsa maina a barutwana • Disupi tsa barutwana le morutabana tse di dirisiwang ka nako ya puiso ya mokwalo o o godisitsweng, kgang ya mo leboteng. • Sekhutlo sa maitlhomo • Lenaneo la dithitokgang • Tšhate ya bathusi ya letsatsi le letsatsi • Tšhate ya matsalo le ya maemo a bosa. GO KWALA LE MOKWALO • Didiriswa tse di jaaka dikgwele tsa bogolo jo bo farologaneng, dihulahupu, dikgetsana tsa dinawa, boto ya ditlhomelwa le diphekese, dibaga le ditalama, megala, dikarata tse di nang le diphatlha, dipekere, diphekese tsa diaparo • Didiriswa jaaka sekere, mmopa / tege, pente, maratšhe a pente, dikheraeyone tsa mafura tse dikima, tšhoko le diseleiti kgotsa patitšhoko • Dikgatiso tsa dikgang • Dipampiri tse di sa kwalelang tsa bogolo jo bo farologaneng (A3, A4, A5) • Therei ya motlhaba 54 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 3.2 MOPHATO 1 MOPHATO 1 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 1 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Ura mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le tsa beke mo makaleng otlhe a Puo le dirutwa tse dingwe • Reetsa ntle le go tsena ba bangwe ganong • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago: tlotla dikgang, tlhalosa dikgang tsa maemo a bosa le ditiragalo tse dingwe tse di tlotlegang jj. • Opela dipina o bo o di diragatse Ditirwana tse di totileng go reetsa le go bua - gabedi beke le beke Dibeke 1 - 5 • Reetsa ditaelo tse di bonolo (ditirwana tsa ka gale tsa phaposiborutelo) mme o di tsibogele ka tshwanelo. • Reetsa le go kgatlhegela dikgang, diraeme, maboko le dipina, o bo o diragatse karolo ya kgang, pina kgotsa raeme • Araba dipotso tse di botsang ka ga gago ka botlalo Dibeke 6 - 10 • Tlhomaganya ditshwantsho tsa kgang ka go tlhaeletsana ka go boeletsa tatelano ya dikakanyo • Tlotla ka ditshwantsho go tswa mo diphousetareng, ditšhate tsa thitokgang, dibuka, jj. • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong, o refosane go bua mme o tlotle ba bangwe mo setlhopheng • Tlhalosa dilo go ya ka mmala, bogolo, popego le bokanakang o dirise tlotlofoko e e nepagetseng TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go reetsa le Go bua: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Araba dipotso tse di botsang ka ga gago ka botlalo • Opela dipina o be o diragatse • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong o refosane go bua mme o tlotle ba bangwe mo setlhopheng Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le Go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago jaaka: o tlotle dikgang, o tlhalose dikgang tsa maemo a bosa le ditiragalo tse dingwe tse di tlotlegang, jj. • Reetsa le go kgatlhegela dikgang, diraeme, maboko le dipina, o diragatse karolo ya kgang, pina kgotsa raeme. • Tlhomaganya ditshwantsho tsa kgang o tlhaeletsana ka go boeletsa tatelano ya dikakanyo • Tlhalosa dilo go ya ka mmala, bogolo, popego le bokanakang o dirise tlotlofoko e e nepagetseng. CAPS 55
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 1 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 1 NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA PUISO LE MEDUMOPUO Bonnye jwa nako: Diura di le 4 le metsotso e le 30 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 5 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Temogo ya medumopuo ya letsatsi le letsatsi/ Ditirwana tsa medumopuo tsa metsotso e le 15 Simolola ka ditirwana tsa temogo ya medumo, ruta tlhaka e le 1 go ya go di le 2 mo bekeng nngwe le nngwe o bo o simolola ka go ruta popo ya mafoko o dirisa medumo e e ithutilweng • Farologanya magareng ga medumo ya ntlha e e farologaneng ya mafoko ka kutlo • Tsaya karolo mo ditirwaneng tsa molomo tsa temogo ya medumopuo mo phaposiborutelong yotlhe: a pataganya mafoko a a kgaogantsweng ka dinoko ( ka-tse, katse) motshameko wa go emela mafoko a ditumammogo le ditumanosi ka a mangwe (tsenya “g” mo go ‘mala’ boemong jwa “m” go e dira ‘gala’) • Supa kamano ya ditlhaka le medumo e e emeng e le nosi, sk. l, h, m, a, b, t. go tshwanetse go nne le ditumanosi di le pedi le bonnye ditumammogo di le thataro. • Lemoga le go neela maina otlhe a ditlhaka tsa alefabete; ditumanosi di le pedi le bonnye ditumammogo di le thataro. • Simolola go bopa mafoko a makhutshwane o dirise medumo e o e rutilweng jaaka ka-tse - katse • Simolola go pataganya ditlhaka go bopa mafoko, sk. e-m-a- ema, lema Ditirwana tsa go buisa tsa letsatsi le letsatsi: Puisokaelo ka setlhopha (ditlhopha di le 2 ka letsatsi) le dinako tsa Puiso ya kopanelo di le 2 - 3 mo bekeng Dikgono tsa tshimololo ya go buisa (tse di rutilweng mo dithutong tsa Puisokopanelo le Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha) • Tshwara buka sentle e tlhamaletse o be o phutholole ditsebe ka nepagalo • Dirisa ditshwantsho go bonelapele gore kgang e ka ga eng: o buisa dibuke tsa ditshwantsho • Ranola ditshwantsho go itirela kgang ya gago, se se raya gore, o ‘buisa’ ditshwantsho • Kgobokanya le go buisa matshwaopapatso le mafoko mangwe go tswa mo mokwalong wa tikologo • Lemoga leina la gago le maina bonnye a le lesome a balekane ba gago • Buisa matshwao le ditlhogwana mo phaposiborutelong • Buisana ka go tshwara le go tlhokomela buka • Reetsa le go buisana ka dikgang le ditlhangwa tse dingwe tse di buiseditsweng kwa godimo • Tlhabolola/godisa dikgopolo tsa motheo tsa mokwalo tse di akaretsang: • Kgopolo ya buka - bokafantle, lepele, lemorago, setlhogo • Kgopolo ya setlhangwa - lefoko, mafoko a a tshwanang, ditlhaka, maina a ditlhaka, go tshwana ga tlhaka le lefoko • Tshupontlha - simolola go buisa fa pele o bo o feleletse kwa morago, buisa go tloga mo molemeng go ya kwa mojeng, le go tswa kwa godimo go ya kwa tlase ga tsebe ya buka ka go leba mafoko kgotsa ditlhaka tsa ntlha, tsa bofelo tse di fa gare le tsa bofelo mo tsebeng. • Matshwaopuiso - tlhakakgolo, tlhakannye, khutlo, phegelwana, letshwao la potso Puisokopanelo Dithuto tsa phaposi yotlhe di dirwe ga 2-3 mo bekeng ka metsotso e le 15 go dirisiwe bonnye setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng; morutabana o dira sekao sa dikgato mmogo le barutwana botlhe. Nako nngwe le nngwe ya go ruta e tla tota go ithuta go tswa mo go tse di latelang: kgopolo ya mokwalo, diponagalo tsa setlhangwa, medumopuo, dipaterone tsa puo, ditogamano tsa temogo ya mafoko le go tlhaloganya mo maemong a a farologaneng a dirisa dipotso tsa tiriso ya tshedimosetso ka tlhamalalo, thulaganyo sešwa, go itseela tshwetso, tlhatlhobo, dipotso tsa kgatlhegelo. • Ba buisa botlhe ditlhangwa tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng jaaka maboko, diphousetara, dibuka tse dikgolo le dikgang tsa phaposi tse di dirilweng ka nako ya mokwalokopanelo 56 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha tse pedi letsatsi lengwe le lengwe, a dirisa metsotso e le 15 mo setlhopheng se sengwe le se sengwe. Setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se dira le morutabana gabedi ka beke. Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha tsa barutwana tsa bokgoni jo bo tshwanang, a lebaganya barutwana le ditlhangwa mo maemong a go ruta (temogo ya mafoko e e magareng ga 90% - 95%). Dithulaganyo tsa puiso tse di tlhophilweng ka seemo e tla nna tsona tse di tla dirisiwang thata. • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang • Simolola go aga tlotlofoko e e tla nnang e le teng mo phaposiborutelong go tswa mo lenaneong la puiso e e sa rulaganyediwang, tlhatlhamano ya dibuka tsa puiso tse di tlhophilweng ka seemo le manaane a mafoko a a tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Medumo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Farologanya nepo ya medumo ya ntlha e e farologaneng ya mafoko ka kutlo • Tsaya karolo mo ditirwaneng barutwana botlhe tsa molomo tsa temogo ya medumopuo: o pataganye mafoko a a kgaogantsweng ka dinoko (ka-tse, katse) motshameko wa go emela mafoko a ditumammogo le ditumanosi ka a mangwe (tsenya “g” mo go ‘mala’ boemong jwa “m” go e dira ‘gala’) • Lemoga le go neela maina a mangwe a ditlhaka tsa alefabete (ditumanosi di le 2 le bonnye ditumammogo di le 6) • Simolola go bopa mafoko a makhutshwane o dirisa medumo e o e rutilweng jaaka ka-tse - katse • Simolola go pataganya ditlhaka go bopa mafoko jaaka: ‘na’ ba-na, ga -na, o supe morumo Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) • Supa tomagano ya medumo ya ditlhakanosi dingwe (sk. a, m, l, e, s, g, r, p). Go tshwanetse ga nna le ditumanosi di le 2 le bonnye ditumammogo di le 6. • Simolola go aga mafoko a makhutshwane o dirisa medumo e o e rutilweng (sekao. ka-tse - katse) Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Puiso: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Dikgono tsa tshimololo ya go buisa tse di tla rutiwang mo dithutong tsa puisokopanelo le puisokaelo • Tshwara buka sentle e tlhamaletse o be o phutholole ditsebe ka nepagalo • Ranola ditshwantsho go ipopela kgang ya gago, ke gore, o ‘buise’ ditshwantsho • Kgobokanya le go buisa matshwaopapatso le mafoko a mangwe go tswa mo mokwalong wa tikologo • Lemoga leina la gago le maina a bangwe ba balekane ba gago • Buisa matshwao le dintlhatlhaloso mo phaposiborutelong • Buisanang ka go tshwara le go tlhokomela buka • Tlhabolola/godisa dikgopolo tsa motheo tsa mokwalo tse di akaretsang: • Kgopolo ya buka - bokafantle, lepele, lemorago, setlhogo • Kgopolo ya setlhangwa - lefoko, mafoko a a tshwanang, ditlhaka, maina a ditlhaka, go tshwana ga tlhaka le lefoko • Tshupontlha - simolola go buisa fa pele o bo o feleletse kwa morago, buisa go tloga mo molemeng go ya kwa mojeng, le go tswa kwa godimo go ya kwa tlase ga tsebe ya buka ka go leba mafoko kgotsa ditlhaka tsa ntlha, tsa bofelo tse di fa gare le tsa bofelo mo tsebeng. • Kgopolo ya buka - bokafantle, lepele, lemorago, setlhogo • Kgopolo ya setlhangwa - lefoko, mafoko a a tshwanang, ditlhaka, maina a ditlhaka, go tshwana ga tlhaka le lefoko • Tshupontlha - simolola go buisa fa pele o bo o feleletse kwa morago, buisa go tloga mo molemeng go ya kwa mojeng, le go tswa kwa godimo go ya kwa tlase ga tsebe ya buka ka go leba mafoko kgotsa ditlhaka tsa ntlha, tsa bofelo tse di fa gare le tsa bofelo mo tsebeng. • Matshwao a puiso - tlhakakgolo, tlhakannye, khutlo, phegelwana, letshwao la potso Puisokopanelo • Buisang ditlhangwa tse di kwadilweng ka mokwalo o o godisitsweng jaaka: maboko, dibuka tse dikgolo diphousetara, le ditlhangwa tsa seileketeroniki le morutabana CAPS 57
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha: • Buisetsa kwa godimo le ka setu go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa setlhangwa se se tshwanang Tirwana 1 ya tlhotlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Dikgono tsa tshimololo ya puiso • Dirisa ditshwantsho go bonelapele ditiragalo tsa kgang. Sk. buisa dibuka tsa ditshwantsho • Reetsa le go buisana ka dikgang le ditlhangwa tse dingwe tse di buiseditsweng kwa godimo Puisokopanelo • Buisang ditlhangwa tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng le morutabana jaaka: maboko, diphousetara, dibuka tse dikgolo le ditlhangwa tsa phaposi tse di dirilweng ka nako ya mokwalokopanelo Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisetsa kwa godimo le morutabana go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang 58 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 1 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 1 GO KWALA NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Ura le metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 2 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo: Dithuto tse di tlhomameng gane mo bekeng metsotso e le 15 Ditirwana tsa go matlafatsa mesifa e mennye le go tlhabolola dikgono tsa motsamao wa mesifa e megolo le kgolagano ya leitlho le letsogo • Thala ka kheraeyone ya mafura • Ikatisa ka go tshwara le go dirisa kheraeyone le phensele • Tlhabolola tshupontlha: (molema go ya mojeng, le godimo go ya tlase, thala mela e e tlhamaletseng, tshwaraganya marontho, dipopo tsa go ya mojeng le go ya molemeng) • Dirisa mmopa kgotsa tege go bopa dikao tsa ditlhaka kgotsa dilwana • Tlhabolola kgolagano ya leitlho le letsogo ka go penta, go gagola pampiri, go sega le go thalela ditirwana) • Thala dipaterone: metsamao ya kwa godimo le kwa tlase,(manyokenyoke), dipaterone tsa sediko, dipaterone tsa mela e e tsepameng le e rapameng • Thala, kopolola le go kwala leina la gago go tswa mo dipapetlaneng tse di bontshang lefelo le o simololang go kwala mo go lona le ntlha ya ditlhaka. Kago ya popego ya ditlhaka mo dithutong tse di tlhomameng tsa mokwalo Amanya thulaganyo ya go ruta ditlhakannye le lenaneo la medumopuo. Bontsha barutwana mokgwa o o siameng wa popo ya ditlhaka le tshupontlha. Barutwana ba ikatisa ka mafoko a le 2 mo bekeng ba kopolola go tswa mo dikgemetšhaneng tsa go kwala. Tlhokomela gore barutwana ba dirisa mokgwa o o siameng wa go tshwara phensele. Dirisa pampiri e e sa kwalelang kgotsa dipampitshana tsa A4 tse di se nang methalo gore ba kwalele mo go tsona. Fa go kgonagala, simolola ka go ruta go thalela le go kopolola ditlhaka tsotlhe tsa alefabete go tloga kwa tshimologong ya ngwaga, o dirisa dikgemetšhana tsa dialefabete tse di bontshang ntlha e e nepagetseng e go tshwanetseng ga simolola mo go yona fa go kwalwa ntlha ya mokwalo. • Bopa ditlhakannye ka nepagalo (ditumanosi di le 2 le bonnye ditumammogo di le 6 sk. l, h, o, m, a, b, t, k) • Kopolola le go kwala leina la gago, mafoko le dipolelo tse dikhutshwane go tswa mo matshwaong, mo diphousetareng, mo patitšhokong jj. • Simolola go tlhagisa mokwalo ka ditshwantsho, ditlhaka, dinomore, mafoko le dipolelo tse di bonolo Mokwalokopanelo ka setlhopha le ka nosi Dinako tsa go kwala tsa barutwana botlhe/ setlhopha se sennye/ morutwana ka nosi di dirwe gararo ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15 go agelela le go golaganya puisokopanelo, dipuisano le maitemogelo. • Thala ditshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa.Sk. ka ga maitemogelo a gago • Kwala dintlhatlhaloso tsa sethalo kgotsa setshwantsho • Kwala mafoko o dirisa medumo e o ithutileng yona • Kopolola polelo e le nngwe ya dikgang go tswa mo patitšhokong/tšhateng ka nepagalo • Abelana dikakanyo mo mokwalokabelanong wa kgang ya phaposi o o kwadilweng ke morutabana mo ditšhateng go bopa ditlhangwa tse dišwa tse di tla buisiwang le go bontshiwa mo sekhutlwaneng sa puiso mo phaposiborutelong Tirwana 1 ya Tlhotlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Thala ditshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa.Sk. ka ga maitemogelo a gago • Kwala dintlhatlhaloso tsa sethalo kgotsa setshwantsho • Kopolola polelo e le nngwe ya dikgang go tswa mo patitšhokong/tšhateng ka nepagalo CAPS 59
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 1 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 2 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: ura mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le tsa beke mo makaleng otlhe a Puo le dirutwa tse dingwe • Reetsa ntle le go tsena ba bangwe ganong, o bue ka go refosana le barutwana ba bangwe le ka nako ya ditlhopha. • Tlotla ka ga maitemogelo a gago. Sk. o tlotle ka dikgang ka tatelano e e nepagetseng • Tsena sentle fa go opelwa dikhorase tsa dipina, dikgang, merumo • Boka le go dira merumo o be o diragatse • Tlhaola karolo go tswa mo selong se se feletseng jaaka dikarolo tsa baesekele, sejalo Ditirwana tse di totileng go reetsa le go bua gabedi ka beke Dibeke 1 - 5 • Reetsa ditaelo (ditlhopha le ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi) mme a di tsibogela ka tshwanelo. • Fetisa melaetsa • Reetsa dikgang ka kgatlhego, a bo a thala setshwantsho go supa go tlhaloganya • Araba dipotso tse di tswalegileng le tse di bulegileng Dibeke 6 - 10 • Tlhalosa didiriswa go ya ka dingwaga, dintlhakaelo, tatelano a dirisa tlotlofoko e e nepagetseng • Reetsa dikgang le go supa kakanyokgolo • Rulaganya ditshwantsho tsa kgang ka tatelano • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong tsa phaposiborutelo • Botsa dipotso tse di amanang le dikgang tse di anetsweng le tse di buisitsweng • Tlhaloganya le go dirisa puo e e maleba ya dirutwa tse di farologaneng TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go reetsa le Go bua: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Reetsa ntle le go tsena ba bangwe ganong, o tlotle ka go refosana le barutwana ba bangwe ka nako ya ditlhopha. • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago sk. o tlotle dikgang ka tatelano e e nepagetseng • Tsena sentle fa go opelwa dikhorase tsa dipina, dikgang, merumo • Reetsa ditaelo (ditlhopha le ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi) mme o di tsibogele ka tshwanelo. • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong tsa phaposiborutelo • Botsa dipotso tse di amanang le dikgang tse di anetsweng le tse di buisitsweng • Tlhaloganya le go dirisa puo e e maleba ya dirutwa tse di farologaneng Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le Go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago (sk: tlotla dikgang o dirise tatelano e e maleba) • Reetsa dikgang ka kgatlhego, o be o thale setshwantsho go supa go tlhaloganya • Araba dipotso tse di tswalegileng le tse di bulegileng Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le Go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tlhalosa didiriswa go ya ka dingwaga, dintlhakaelo le tatelano o dirisa tlotlofoko e e nepagetseng • Reetsa dikgang le go supa kakanyokgolo • Rulaganya ditshwantsho tsa kgang ka tatelano 60 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 1 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 2 PUISO LE MEDUMOPUO NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Diura di le 4 metsotso e le 30 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 5 mo bekeng DITENG/ DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Temogo ya medumopuo ya letsatsi le letsatsi/ditirwana tsa medumopuo, metsotso e le 15: Ruta medumo ya tlhaka e le nngwe e e setseng (ditumanosi di le 3 le ditumammogo di le 13) fa kgweditharo e ela go fela, tswelela ka ditirwana tsa temoso ya medumo le tsa popo ya mafoko. • Farologanya magareng ga medumo ya ntlha e e farologaneng ya mafoko ka kutlo • Supa kamano ya medumo mo bontsing jwa ditlhakanngwe. • Tsaya karolo mo ditirwaneng tsa temoso ya medumo mo phaposing yotlhe: tswakanya medumo [e-ma > ema]; kgaoganyo ya mafoko [ema > e-m-a]; go emisetsa tumammogo le tumanosi ka go tshameka ka mafoko [emisetsa p mo go ema go bopa epa] • Aga mafoko o dirisa medumo e o ithutileng yona (ba, be, bi, bo, bu) bonnye masika a mafoko a le mabedi ka beke. • Bopa le go kgaoganya mafoko a a bonolo a a simololang ka tumammogo e le nngwe mme karolo ya bofelo ya noko e raeme, sk. ema, ima, oma, ba supe morumo • Kgobokanya mafoko a a tlwaelegileng a setlhopha se le sengwe sk. aga, ema, ima, oma, ala, ata, lala, lapa, laya jj. • Buisa medumo ya mafoko mo dipolelong le mo ditlhangweng tse dingwe Ditirwana tsa puiso tsa letsatsi le letsatsi: Puisokopanelo ya ditlhopha ya letsatsi le letsatsi (ditlhopha di le 2 mo letsatsing) le nako ya puisokopanelo di dirwa ga 2-3 mo bekeng Puisokopanelo Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe di dirwa ga 2-3 ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15, o dirisa bonnye setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng: morutabana o bontsha barutwana botlhe sekao ka ga dikgato. Fa o buisa, bontsha dikgono tsa go ribolola bokao jwa tiriso ya medumopuo le ditogamaano tse dingwe tse di akaretsang tshekatsheko ya metlhala ya tiriso le popego. Leba togamaano ya menwana e metlhano. Simolola go ruta barutwana dikgato tse fa ba rakana le mafoko a ba sa a itseng • Buisang dibuka tse dikgolo kgotsa ditlhangwa tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng le morutabana • Dirisa ditshwantsho go bonelapele gore kgang e ka ga eng • Ranola ditshwantsho go itirela kgang ya gago, ke gore, o ‘buise’ ditshwantsho • Dirisa metlhala le ditshwantsho mo ditlhangweng go di tlhaloganya • Buisana ka kgang, o supe ntlhakgolo mo setlhangweng, baanelwagolo jj. • Araba mefuta e e farologaneng ya dipotso go tswa mo ditlhangweng tse di buisitsweng, go akaretsa le mefuta ya dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo • Buisanang ka tiriso ya ditlhakakgolo le dikhutlo Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha: Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha di le pedi letsatsi le letsatsi, a dirisa metsotso e le 15 le setlhopha sengwe le sengwe. Setlhopha se sengwe le sengwe se dira le morutabana gabedi ka beke. Morutabana o dira le barutwana ba bokgoni jo bo tshwanang, a nyalanya barutwana le ditlhangwa mo maemong a go ruta. Ditlhangwa tsa puiso tse di tlhophilweng ka seemo di tla dirisiwa ka bontsi. Ruta barutwana go itekola fa ba buisa, mo karolong ya temogo ya mafoko le mo go a tlhaloganyeng. Barutwana ba rutwa go botsa: (A e duma sentle? A e bonala sentle? A e dira kakanyo?) Bontsha dikgato mo puisokopanelong mme o di dirise ka tshegetso mo puisokaelong. • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang • Dirisa medumopuo, metlhala ya tiriso le mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong fa o buisa • Simolola go itekola fa o buisa, mo karolong ya go lemoga mafoko mmogo le go a tlhaloganya • Tswelela go aga tlotlofoko e e tla nnang e le teng mo phaposiborutelong go tswa mo lenaneong la puiso e e sa rulaganyediwang, ditlhatlhamano tsa puiso tse di tlhophilweng ka seemo le lenaaneng la mafoko a a tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa CAPS 61
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi (gabedi mo bekeng ka nako ya go tota puo ) Simolola ka go ruta puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi. Tlhopha ditlhangwa tse di mo maemong a puiso ka nosi ya morutwana (ba dirisa ditlhangwa tse di bonolo go na le tse dirisitsweng mo puisokopanelong, ka temogo ya mafoko a a nepagetseng a a fetang 95% fa ba buisa setlhangwa) • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena setlhangwa se se ipaakanyeditsweng kgotsa se se itsegeng ka go tlhabolola thelelo fa o buisa. • Buisa gape ditlhangwa tse di tlwaelegileng jaaka tse di buisitsweng mo dinakong tsa puisokopanelo TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Supa kamano ya medumotlhaka e e emeng e le nosi • Tsaya karolo mo ditirwaneng tsa temogo ya medumo, o pataganye mafoko [ba-tho go bopa ‘batho’], a kgaoganya mafoko [‘tlala’ go dira tla-la]; Motshameko wa kemisetso ya tumammogo le tumanosi [ a tlosa ‘k’ mo go ‘kopa’ a tsenya ‘g’ go dira ‘gopa’] • Bopa mafoko o dirisa medumo e o e ithutileng (aga, ema, ima, oma, ala; bonnye mafoko a le mabedi a setlhopha se le sengwe a a tsamaisanang mo bekeng) • Bopa le go kgaoganya mafoko a a bonolo, a a simololang ka tumammogo e le nngwe (modumo wa tshimololo) le morumo (karolo ya bofelo ya noko) sk. mma - m-ma, nna - n-na), o lemoge morumo • Kgobokanya mafoko a a tlwaelegileng a ditlhopha tse di tshwanang jaaka moma, loma, roma • Buisa medumo ya mafoko mo dipolelong le mo ditlhangweng tse dingwe Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) • Farologanya magareng ga medumo ya ntlha e e farologaneng ya mafoko ka kutlo • Supa kamano ya medumotlhaka ya medumo e e emeng e le nosi • Lemoga ditlhaka tse pedi tse di ikemetseng ka botsona fa di tlhagelela mo mafokong sk. n-ta, n-ku, m-pho, m-mopi • Bopa mafoko a dirisa medumo e a e ithutileng (sk .aga, ema, ima, oma, ala bonnye mafoko a le mabedi a setlhopha se le sengwe mo bekeng) Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) • Lemoga kgolagano ya medumotlhaka ya bontsi jwa ditlhakanosi aga, ema, ima, oma, ala • Bopa mafoko a dirisa medumo e a e ithutileng (sk. aga, ema, ima, oma, ala, bonnye mafoko a le mabedi a setlhopha se se tsamaisanang mo bekeng) • Lemoga ditlhaka tse pedi tse di ikemetseng ka bo tsona fa di tlhagelela mo mafokong sk. n-ta, n-ku, m-pho, m-mopi • Kgobokanya mafoko a a tlwaelegileng ka ditlhopha tse di tshwanang jaaka moma, loma,roma Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Puiso: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisa dibuka tse dikgolo kgotsa ditlhangwa tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng le ba bangwe mo phaposing • Dirisa dipolelo le ditshwantsho mo setlhangweng go se tlhaloganya • Buisanang ka kgang, lo tlhalose ntlhakgolo mo setlhangweng, baanelwagolo jj. • Araba mefuta e e farologaneng ya dipotso go tswa mo setlhangweng se se buisitsweng go akaretsa le dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo • Buisanang ka tiriso ya ditlhakakgolo le dikhutlo Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha: • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang • Simolola go itekola fa o buisa mo karolong ya temogo ya mafoko le go a tlhaloganya 62 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena setlhangwa se se baakantsweng kgotsa se se itsegeng ka go godisa go buisa ka thelelo. • Buisa gape ditlhangwa tse di tshwanang le tse di buisitsweng ka nako ya puisokopanelo Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisa dibuka tse dikgolo kgotsa ditlhangwa tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng le ba bangwe mo phaposing • Dirisa ditshwantsho go bonelapele se kgang e leng ka ga sona. • Dirisa dipolelo le ditshwantsho mo setlhangweng go tlhaloganya • Buisana ka kgang, o lemoga dintlhakgolo mo setlhangweng, baanelwabagolo jj Puisokaelo ya ditlhopha • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang • Dirisa medumopuo, metlhala ya tiriso le mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong fa o buisa CAPS 63
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 1 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 2 GO KWALA NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Ura le metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 2 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo: Dithuto tse di tlhomameng tsa metsotso e le 15 gane mo bekeng Kago ya popego ya ditlhaka mo dithutong tse di tlhomameng tsa mokwalo Golaganya thulaganyo ya go ruta ditlhakannye le lenaneo la medumopuo. Bontsha popo e e siameng ya ditlhaka le tshupontlha. Barutwana ba ikatisa ka mafoko a le 2 mo bekeng, ba kopolola go tswa mo dikgemetšhaneng tsa go kwalela gore fa kgweditharo e ela go fela, bonnye mafoko a le 20 a ditlhaka tse dinnye a bo a rutilwe. Bontsha sekgala se se nepagetseng sa ditlhaka mo lefokong le mafoko mo polelong. Go ela kwa bofelong jwa kgweditharo, simolola go ruta ka mokgwa o ditlhakakgolo tse di tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa di tlhamiwang ka teng (sk. A, B, T, W, M, R). Dirisa pampiri e e sa kwalelang kgotsa dipampitshana tsa A4 tse di senang methalo kgotsa pampiri e e nang le methalo ya 17mm go kwalela mo go tsona • Tshwara phensele le kheraeyone ka nepagalo • Bopa ditlhakannye bonnye di le 20 ka nepagalo go ya ka bogolo le seemo, ke gore, o simolole o be o feleletsa mo o tshwanetseng teng ka nepagalo • Bopa ditlhakakgolo tse di tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa ka nepagalo (sk. T,R,M,P) • Kwala mafoko o dirise sekgala se se siameng fa gare ga ona • Kwala le go kopolola dipolelo tse di bonolo go tswa mo sekgemetšhaneng se se kwalelang le mo patitšhokong Go tlaleletsa, tswelela ka ditirwana tse di matlafatsang mesifa e mennye le go tlhabolola dikgono tsa mesifa yotlhe le kgolagano ya letsogo le leitlho. Netefatsa gore barutwana ba dirisa mokgwa o o siameng wa go dula fa ba kwala Mokwalokopanelo ka ditlhopha le ka nosi Dinako tsa go kwala tsa barutwana botlhe/ ditlhopha tse dinnye/ morutwana ka nosi di dirwa gararo ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15, go agelela le go golaganya puisokopanelo, dipuisano le maitemogelo. Neelana ka disimololapolelo le tshegetso e nngwe gore barutwana ba kgone go simolola go kwala dikgang tsa bona jj. Simolola ka go ruta tiriso ya thanodi e e itlhametsweng ka namana. • Thala ditshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa, o tsenye letshwao kgotsa ntlhatlhaloso. sk. ka ga maitemogelo a a go amang • Kwala dipolelo ka go dirisa medumo e o e ithutileng • Kwala polelo e le nngwe ka ga dikgang tsa gago kgotsa ka mokwalokopanelo • Kgobokanya lenaane la mafoko go ya ka ditaelo sk. dijo • Abelana ka dikakanyo mo kgannyeng ya phaposi (mokwalokopanelo) • Kwala le go thadisa setlhogo kgotsa polelo e khutshwane ka ga setlhogo, go nna le seabe mo bukeng ya mo sekhutlwaneng sa go buisa • Simolola go aga lenaane la mafoko le thanodi ya gago o dirisa ditlhaka tsa tshimologo mo mafokong jaaka lesea, masea, namune jj. • Kwala dipolelo o dirise mafoko a a nang le medumopuo e o setseng o e rutilwe 64 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Mokwalo • Tshwara phensele le kheraeyone ka nepagalo • Bopa ditlhakakgolo tse di tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa ka nepagalo (sk. T,M,P,S,B) • Kwala mafoko o dirisa sekgala se se siameng kgotsa diphatlha fa gare ga ona • Kwala le go kopolola dipolelo tse dikhutshwane e bile di le bonolo go tswa mo sekgemetšhaneng se se kwalelang, le mo patitšhokong Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Tshwara phensele le kheraeyone ka nepagalo • Bopa ditlhakannye bonnye di le 20 ka nepagalo go ya ka bogolo le seemo, ke gore, o simolole le go feleletsa mo o tshwanetseng teng sentle Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Bopa ditlhakannye bonnye di le 20 ka nepagalo go ya ka bogolo le seemo, ke gore, o simolole le go feleletsa mo o tshwanetseng teng sentle • Bopa ditlhakakgolo tse di dirisiwang kgapetsakgapetsa ka nepagalo (sk. T,R,M,P) • Kwala mafoko o dirisa sekgala se se siameng kgotsa diphatlha mo gare ga mafoko Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go kwala • Kwala dipolelo ka go dirisa medumo e o setseng o e ithutile • Kwala polelo e le nngwe ka ga dikgang tsa gago kgotsa ka mokwalokopanelo • Kokoanya lenaane la mafoko go ya ka ditaelo sk. dijo • Abelana ka dikakanyo mo kgannyeng ya phaposi (mokwalokopanelo) • Simolola go aga lenaane la mafoko le thanodi ya gago o dirisa tlhaka ya tshimologo ya mafoko (sk. buka, dira, epa) Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Thala setshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa, o tsenye letshwao kgotsa ntlhatlhaloso sk. ka ga maitemogelo a gago • Kwala dipolelo o dirise medumopuo e o e ithutileng • Abelana ka dikakanyo mo kgannyeng ya mo phaposing (mokwalokopanelo) Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Thala setshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa, o tsenye letshwao kgotsa ntlhatlhaloso sk. ka ga maitemogelo a gago • Kwala polelo e le nngwe ya dikgang tsa gago kgotsa ka mokwalokopanelo • Kokoanya lenaane la mafoko go ya ka ditaelo sk. dijo CAPS 65
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 1 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 3 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Ura mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le tsa beke mo lekaleng la Puo le dirutwa tse dingwe • Reetsa ditaelo le dikitsiso mme o arabe ka tshwanelo • Reetsa kwa ntle ga go tsena ba bangwe ganong le go supa tlotlo mo sebuing • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago sk. o tlotle dikgang ka tatelano e e nepagetseng • Boka le go dira merumo o be o e diragatse • Tlhaloganya le go dirisa puo e e maleba ya dirutwa tse dingwe Ditirwana tse di totileng go reetsa le go bua gabedi mo bekeng Dibeke 1 - 5 • Reetsa kgang ka kgatlhego le go ijesa monate, o thale setshwantsho le go kwala ntlhatlhaloso ka ga sona • Baya ditshwantsho ka go latelana ga tsona o be o nyalanye dintlhatlhaloso le ditshwantsho • Diragatsa maemo a a farologaneng, o dirise puo e e maleba • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong ka go botsa le go araba dipotso Dibeke 6 - 10 • Reetsa dintlha ka botlalo mo kgannyeng o be o arabe dipotso tse di bulegileng • Supa dintlha tsa tshwano le tsa pharologano o dirise tlotlofoko e e maleba • Dirisa tlotlofoko e e oketsegang nako le nako fa o bua TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go reetsa le Go bua: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Reetsa kwa ntle ga go tsena ba bangwe ganong le go supa tlotlo mo sebuing • Boka le go dira merumo o be o diragatse • Reetsa kgang ka kgatlhego le go ijesa monate, o thale setshwantsho o be o kwale ntlhatlhaloso ka ga sona • Diragatsa maemo a a farologaneng, o dirise puo e e maleba • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong ka go botsa le go araba dipotso Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le Go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago sk. o tlotle dikgang ka tatelano e e nepagetseng • Boka le go dira merumo o be o diragatse • Baya ditshwantsho tsa kgang ka go latelana ga tsona o be o nyalanye dintlhatlhaloso le ditshwantsho Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le Go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Reetsa ditaelo le dikitsiso o be o di tsibogele ka tshwanelo • Bua ka ga maitemogelo a gago sk. tlotla dikgang ka tatelano e e nepagetseng • Reetsa kgang ka botlalo o be o arabe dipotso tse di bulegileng 66 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 1 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 3 PUISO LE MEDUMOPUO NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako:Diura di le 4 le metsotso e le 30 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 5 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa medumopuo, metsotso e le 15 Boeletsa ditlhakanngwe le go simolola go ruta ditumammogo tse di pataganeng le tse di dumisegang mmogo. Tswelela ka ditirwana tsa go bopa mafoko. • Supa kamano ya ditlhaka le medumo e e emeng e le nosi • Boeletsa mafoko a setlhopha se le sengwe o dirise ditumanosi tse di bonolo tse di rutilweng sk. ala, aba, ila • Aga mafoko a a nang le ditlhaka di le tharo sk. bua, tau, ala, jj. • Dirisa ditumammogo tse di patagantsweng go bopa le go kgaoganya mafoko, sk. tlo-oga>tloga • Lemoga medumo e e pataganeng ya ditumammogo tse di tlwaelegileng (tl, tlh, th, ph) kwa tshimologong ya lefoko (tlala, tlhotlha, thala,phala) • Kgobokanya mafoko a a tlwaelegileng go ya ka go tshwana ga medumo. • Buisa medumopuo mo dipolelong le mo ditlhangweng tse dingwe Ditirwana tsa puiso tsa letsatsi le letsatsi: Puisokaelo ya ditlhopha (ditlhopha di le pedi mo letsatsing) le dinako tsa puisokaelo di le 2-3 mo bekeng Puisokopanelo Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe di dirwa ga 2-3 mo bekeng metsoso e le 15 go dirisiwa bonnye setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng: morutabana o bontsha barutwana botlhe dikgato tsotlhe. Bontsha togamaano ya menwana e le metlhano mo puisokopanelong mme o rotloetse barutwana go e dirisa mo puisokaelong le mo puisong ka nosi. • Barutwana botlhe ba buisa dibuka tse dikgolo kgotsa ditlhangwa tse dingwe tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng le morutabana • Supa tatelano ya ditiragalo le maitshetlego a kgang • Dirisa bokafantle jwa buka go bonelapele bokhutlo le poloto. • Lemoga lebaka le tatelalo mo kgannyeng (sk. Modise ga a ya sekolong ka gonne o a lwala) • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo temaneng e a e buisitseng (sk: O akanya…? Ke goreng…?) • Neela kakanyo ya gago mo go se o se buisitseng • Ranola tshedimosetso go tswa mo diphousetareng, mo ditshwantshong le mananeo a a bonolo (sk. khalentara/ alemanaka) Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha: Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha tse pedi tsa barutwana letsatsi lengwe le lengwe, a dirisa metsotso e le 15 le setlhopha sengwe le sengwe. Setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se dira le morutabana gabedi ka beke. • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang • Dirisa medumopuo, metlhala ya tiriso le tshekatsheko ya popego le mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong fa o buisa • Itekole fa o buisa, o lemoge le go tlhaloganya mafoko • Buisa ka thelelo e e oketsegang le ka go tlhagisa maikutlo • Tswelela ka go bopa tlotlofoko e e tla nnang e le teng mo phaposiborutelong go tswa mo lenaneong la puiso e e sa rulaganyediwang, mo tlhatlhamanong e e tlhophilweng ka seemo le lenaane la mafoko a a tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi (gararo ka beke) • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa godimo • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe • Buisa dibuka tse di buisitsweng ka nako ya puisokabelano le dibuka tse di tswang kwa sekhutlwaneng sa puiso CAPS 67
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Supa kamano ya ditlhaka le medumo e e emeng e le nosi • Dirisa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng go bopa le go kgaoganya mafoko, (sk. mme - m-me, nna ,n-na) • Lemoga medumo e e pataganeng ya ditumammogo tse di tlwaelegileng (tl, tlh, th, ph) kwa tshimologong ya lefoko (tlala, tlhotlha, thala,phala) • Buisa medumopuo mo dipolelong le mo ditlhangweng tse dingwe Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Supa kamano ya ditlhaka le medumo e e emeng e le nosi • Boeletsa mafoko a a tshwanang o dirisa medumo e mekhutshwane ya ditumanosi e a e ithutileng (moma, roma, loma) • Bopa mafoko a ditlhaka di le 3 o dirise ditlhakanosi tsotlhe • Dirisa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng go bopa le go kgaoganya mafoko, (sk. mme - m-me, nna -n-na) Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Bopa mafoko a ditlhaka di le 3 o dirise ditlhakanosi tsotlhe • Dirisa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng go bopa le go kgaoganya mafoko, (sk. mme - m-me, nna- n-na) • Lemoga medumo e e pataganeng ya ditumammogo tse di tlwaelegileng (tl, tlh, th, ph) kwa tshimologong ya lefoko (tlala, tlhotlha, thala,phala) • Kokoanya mafoko a a tlwaelegileng mo ditlhopheng tsa mafoko a a tshwanang Ditshitsinyo tsa tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Puiso: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Baithuti botlhe ba buisa dibuka tse dikgolo kgotsa ditlhangwa tse dingwe tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng le morutabana • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo temaneng e o e buisitseng (sk.O akanya…? Ke goreng go…?) • Neela kakanyo ya gago ka ga se o se buisitseng • Lemoga lebaka le tatelano mo kgannyeng (sk. Modise ga a ya sekolong ka gonne o a lwala) Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Itekole fa o buisa, o lemoge le go tlhaloganya mafoko Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisa dibuka tse di buisitsweng ka nako ya puisokopanelo le dibuka tse di tswang kwa sekhutlwaneng sa puiso Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso(Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisang dibuka tse dikgolo kgotsa ditlhangwa tse dingwe tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng le morutabana • Supa tatelano ya ditiragalo le maitshetlego a kgang • Dirisa bokafantle jwa buka go bonelapele bokhutlo le ditiragalo tsa kgang/poloto Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisa ka setu le kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buise kgang e e tshwanang • Dirisa medumopuo, metlhala ya tiriso le tshekatsheko ya popego le mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong fa o buisa 68 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) Puisokopanelo • Baithuti botlhe ba buisa dibuka tse dikgolo kgotsa ditlhangwa tse dingwe tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng le morutabana • Supa tatelano ya ditiragalo le maitshetlego a kgang • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo temaneng e o e buisitseng (sk.O akanya…? Ke goreng go…?) • Ranola tshedimosetso go tswa mo diphousetareng, mo ditshwantshong le mananeo a a bonolo (sk. khalentara/ alemanaka) Puisokaelo ka setlhopha • Buisa ka tidimalo le ka setu go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang • Buisa ka thelelo e e oketsegang le ka go tlhagisa maikutlo Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa godimo CAPS 69
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 1 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 3 GO KWALA NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako:Ura le metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 2 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo: Dithuto tse di tlhomameng di dirwa gane ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15 Boeletsa popo ya ditlhakannye mme o tswelele ka go ruta ditlhakakgolo le dinomore. Supa sekgala se se nepagetseng fa gare ga ditlhaka mo lefokong le mafoko mo dipolelong. • Tshwara phensele le kheraeyone ka nepagalo • Bopa ditlhakannye ka nepagalo go ya ka bogolo le seemo, ke gore, o simolole le go feleletsa mo o tshwanetseng teng ka go itirisa • Bopa ditlhakakgolo tse di tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa ka nepagalo (sk. B,D,F,G,S,K,P,T,R, le N) • Bopa dinomore ka nepagalo • Kopolola le go kwala mafoko o tlogele sekgala kgotsa diphatlha tse di nepagetseng Go kwala ka kopanelo, ditlhopha le ka nosi Dinako tsa go kwala tsa barutwana botlhe/ ditlhopha tse dinnye/ morutwana ka nosi di tshwanetse go nna gararo ka beke mme di tsaya metsotso e le 15, go agelelwa le go golaganngwa le puisokaelo, dipuisano le maitemogelo. Supa thulaganyo ya go kwala (ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala, go phasalatso/tlhagiso le go tselaganya) ka nako ya go kwala ka kopanelo. Dira sekao sa tiriso e e siameng ya matshwao a puiso le go kwala ka pakapheti. Neela barutwana ba ba santseng ba sa kgone go ikwalela polelo ya dikgang tsa bona tshegetso ya tlaleletso. • Kwala molaetsa mo karateng sk. go romela molaetsa wa keleletso masego • Kwala mafoko go bopa dipolelo o dirise medumo e o e ithutileng le mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong • Kwala bonnye dipolelo tse pedi ka dikgang tsa gago kgotsa ka go kwala ka kopanelo o dirise pakapheti • Simolola go dirisa ditlhakakgolo le dikhutlo, go akaretsa le ditlhakakgolo mo maineng • Ka thuso ya morutabana, dirisa maina le maemedi ka nepagalo fa o kwala (monna, mosadi, nna, wena) • Abelana dikakanyo le mafoko mo kgannyeng ya phaposi ka nako ya go kwala ka kopanelo • Kwala le go bontsha polelo e khutshwane ka setlhogo, go nna le seabe mo bukeng ya sekhutlwana sa go buisa • Aga lenaane la mafoko le thanodi ya gago o dirise ditlhaka tse di simololang mafoko a a jaaka ja, fa, nama,boa TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Mokwalo • Tshwara phensele le kheraeyone ka nepagalo Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Bopa ditlhakannye ka nepagalo go ya ka bogolo le seemo,ke gore, o simolole le go feleletsa mo o tshwanetseng teng ka go itirisa • Bopa dinomore ka nepagalo • Kopolola le go kwala mafoko o tlogela sekgala kgotsa diphatlha tse di nepagetseng Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Bopa ditlhakakgolo tse di tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa ka nepagalo • Kopolola le go kwala dipolelo tse dikhutshwane ka nepagalo 70 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go kwala • Kwala mafoko go bopa polelo o dirise medumo e o e ithutileng le mafoko a a tlwaelegileng a a bonwang • Simolola go dirisa ditlhakakgolo le dikhutlo, go akaretsa ditlhakakgolo mo maineng • Aga letlotlo la mafoko le thanodi ya gago o dirise ditlhaka tse di simololang mafoko jaaka raga, ala, sega Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Kwala mafoko go bopa dipolelo o dirise medumo e o setseng o e ithutile le mafoko a a tlwaelegileng a a bonwang • Ka thuso ya morutabana o dirise maina le maemedi ka nepagalo fa o kwala (monna, mosadi, nna, wena) • Abelana ka dikakanyo le mafoko mo kgannyeng ya phaposi mo mokwalokopanelong. Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Kwala molaetsa mo karateng sk. go romela molaetsa wa keleletso masego • Kwala dipolelo, bonnye di le pedi tsa dikgang tsa gago kgotsa go kwala ka kopanelo o dirise pakapheti • Simolola go dirisa ditlhakakgolo le khutlo, go akaretsa ditlhakakgolo mo maineng • Ka thuso ya morutabana, o dirise maina le maemedi ka nepagalo fa o kwala (monna, mosadi, nna, wena) CAPS 71
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 1 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 4 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako:Metsotso e le 50 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako:Ura mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le tsa beke mo lekaleng la Puo le dirutwa tse dingwe • Reetsa kwa ntle ga go tsena ba bangwe ganong o refosane go bua mme o botse dipotso go sedimosetswa • Tlotla ka maitemogelo le maikutlo a gago sk. tlotla dikgang • Reetsa dikgang le go neela maikutlo a gago ka ga kgang • Dirisa mareo a a tshwanang le polelo, tlhakakgolo, khutlo Ditirwana tse di totileng go reetsa le go bua gabedi ka beke Dibeke 1 - 5 • Reetsa, itumedisa le go tsibogela setshwantsho le malea, dithamalakwane le metlae, o dirise puo ka boikakanyetso • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong, o dire pegelo mo boemong jwa setlhopha • Dirisa ditogamaano tse di bonolo go bona tshedimosetso. sk. o dire patlisiso gore barutwana ba tla jang mo sekolong • Arologanya tshedimosetso, sk. o dirise ditshwantsho tse di farologaneng Dibeke 6 - 10 • Reetsa ditaelo le dikitsiso o be o di tsibogele ka tshwanelo • Anela kgang e e itsegeng e e nang le tshimologo, mmele le bokhutlo, o fetole segalo le modumo wa lentswe • Araba dipotso tse di bulegileng le tse di tswalegileng TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go reetsa le go bua: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Reetsa kwa ntle ga go tsena ba bangwe ganong o refosane go bua mme o botse dipotso go sedimosetswa • Reetsa dikgang le go neela maikutlo a gago ka ga kgang • Dirisa mareo a a tshwanang le polelo, tlhakakgolo, khutlo • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong, o dire pegelo boemong jwa setlhopha Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tlotla ka maitemogelo le maikutlo a gago sk. o tlotle dikgang • Reetsa ditaelo le dikitsiso o be o di tsibogela ka tshwanelo • Anela kgang e e itsegeng e e nang le tshimologo, mmele le bokhutlo, o fetole segalo le modumo wa lentswe • Araba dipotso tse di bulegileng le tse di tswalegileng 72 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 1 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 4 NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA GO BUISA LE MEDUMOPUO Bonnye jwa nako: Diura di le 4 le Metsotso e le 30 mo bekeng Bontsi jwa nako: Diura di le 5 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa medumopuo tsa metsotso e le 15 Simolola ka go ruta medumo e e pataganeng ya ditumammogo. Tswelela ka popo ya mafoko le ditirwana tsa temogo ya kutlo • Boeletsa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng tse di tlwaelegileng (sk. tl, tlh, kg, ph, tshw) mo tshimologong ya mafoko, sk. tlo-tlo, tlho-tlha, kga-la, phu-tha, tshwa-ra • Lemoga medumo e e pataganeng ya ditumammogo tse di tlwaelegileng (tl, tlh, th, ph) kwa tshimologong ya lefoko (tlala, tlhotlha, thala,phala) • Dirisa ditumammogo tse di patagantsweng go bopa le go kgaoganya mafoko, sk. tlo-oga>tloga • Bopa mafoko o dirise medumo e o e ithutileng • Kgobokanya mafoko a a tlwaelegileng a setlhopha se le sengwe sk. aga, ema, epa, ala, aka • Lemoga bontsi (di-, ba-) • Buisa mafoko a medumopuo mo dipolelong le ditlhangwa tse dingwe • Ithute go peleta mafoko a le 10 ka beke a a tswang mo dithutong tsa modumopuo Ditirwana tsa go buisa tsa letsatsi le letsatsi: Puisokaelo ya setlhopha (ditlhopha di le pedi ka letsatsi) le dinako tsa puisokopanelo di le pedi go ya go di le tharo ka beke Puisokopanelo Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe di dirwa ga 2-3 mo bekeng metsoso e le 15 go dirisiwa bonnye setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng: morutabana o bontsha barutwana botlhe dikgato tsotlhe. • Buisang dibuka tse dikgolo le ditlhangwa tse dingwe tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng le morutabana • Dirisa bokafantle jwa buka go bonelapele se buka e leng ka ga sona • Supa tshimologo ya bothata jo bo dirang gore kgang e tswelele pele. Mo kgannyeng ya ga Tselane le Dimo bothata ke gore, ga go na dijo kwa ga boTselane, mmaagwe o a tswa go ya go mmatlela dijo • Dirisa metlhala le ditshwantsho mo bukeng go tlhaloganya • Supa tatelano ya ditiragalo mo go se se neng se buisiwa • Lemoga lebaka le tatelano mo kgannyeng. Rebaone o gobetse ka gonne o wele. • Araba dipotso tse di bulegileng tse di ikaegileng ka temana e e buisitsweng • Ranola tshedimosetso go tswa mo phousetareng. Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha: Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha tse pedi tsa barutwana letsatsi le letsatsi, a dirisa metsotso e le 15 le setlhopha sengwe le sengwe. Setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se dira le morutabana gabedi ka beke. • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang • Dirisa medumopuo, metlhala ya tiriso le tshekatsheko ya popego le mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong fa o buisa • Buisa ka thelelo e e oketsegang le tlhagiso maikutlo • Itekole fa o buisa, o lemoge le go tlhaloganya mafoko • Supa go tlhaloganya matshwaopuiso fa o buisetsa kwa godimo • Tswelela ka go bopa tlotlofoko e e tla nnang e le teng mo phaposiborutelong go tswa mo lenaneong la puiso e e sa rulaganyediwang, tlhatlhamano e e tlhophilweng ka seemo le lenaneo la mafoko a a tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa Puiso ka bobedi/ ka nosi (gararo ka beke) Dirisa dibuka tse di buisitsweng ka nako ya puisokopanelo, dibuka tsa ditshwantsho tsa dikgang tse di bonolo le dibuka go tswa mo sekhutlwaneng sa go buisa le tsa mokwalo wa bona • Buisa mokwalo wa gago, o simolole go siamisa diphoso tsa gago • Buisa dibuka tse di buisitsweng ka dinako tsa puisokopanelo le dibuka go tswa kwa sekhutlhwaneng sa go CAPS buisa 73
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Lemoga bontsi (sk. ditapole, marapo) • Boeletsa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng tse di tlwaelegileng (sk. tl, tlh, kg, ph, tshw) mo tshimologong ya mafoko, sk. tlo-tlo, tlho-tlha, kga-la, phu-tha, tshwa-ra • Buisa mafoko a medumopuo mo dipolelong le ditlhangwa tse dingwe Tirwana 1 ya tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) • Lemoga ditumammogo tse di pataganeng tse di tlwaelegileng (tlh, ph, tl) mo bofelong jwa mafoko, sk. kgatlha, fopha, letla • Dirisa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng go bopa le go kgaoganya mafoko, sk. kga-tlha,kgotlha, kga-la, phu-tha • Bopa mafoko o dirise medumo e o e ithutileng • Lemoga medumo e e tsholeditsweng mo mafokong sk. itse, podi Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Puiso : (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Dirisa bokafantle jwa buka go bonelapele se buka e leng ka ga sona • Supa tshimologo ya bothata jo bo dirang gore kgang e tswelele pele. • Dirisa metlhala le ditshwantsho mo bukeng go tlhaloganya • Ranola tshedimosetso go tswa mo diphousetareng Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Dirisa medumopuo, metlhala ya tiriso le tshekatsheko ya popego le mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong fa o buisa • Itekole fa o buisa, o lemoge le go tlhaloganya mafoko • Supa go tlhaloganya matshwao a puiso fa o buisetsa kwa godimo Puiso ka bobedi / ka nosi • Buisa mokwalo wa gago, o simolole go itshiamisa diphoso Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisang dibuka tse dikgolo le ditlhangwa tse dingwe tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng le morutabana • Supa tatelano ya ditiragalo mo go se se neng se buisiwa • Lemoga lebaka le tatelano mo kgannyeng. Ga ke a falola ka gonne ke ne ke sa ithute. • Araba dipotso tse di bulegileng tse di ikaegileng ka temana e e buisitsweng Puisokaelo ka setlhopha • Buisetsang kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng ya gago le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang • Dirisa medumopuo, metlhala ya tiriso, tshekatsheko ya popego le mafoko a a nnang a teng mo phaposiborutelong fa a buisa • Buisa ka thelelo e e oketsegang le go tlhagisa maikutlo Puiso ka bobedi / ka nosi • Buisa dibuka tse di buisitsweng ka nako ya puisokopanelo le dibuka tse di tswang kwa sekhutlwaneng sa puiso 74 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 1 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 4 GO KWALA NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Ura e le 1 le metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 2 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo: Dithuto tse di tlhomameng di dirwa ga 4 ka beke ka metsotso e le 15 Boeletsa popo ya ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo. Tswelela ka go ruta sekgala se se nepagetseng fa gare ga ditlhaka mo lefokong le mafoko mo dipolelong, barutwana ba ntse ba kopolola mafoko le dipolelo go tswa mo patitšhokong le mo dikgemetšhaneng tsa go buisa. • Tshwara kheraeyone le phensele ka nepagalo. • Bopa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo ka nepagalo le ka thelelo go ya ka bogolo le seemo, ke gore, o simolole le go feleletsa mo o tshwanetseng teng • Kopolola le go kwala mafoko o tlogela sekgala kgotsa phatlha e e siameng • Kopolola le go kwala polelo sentle Mokwalokopanelo, ka ditlhopha le ka nosi Dinako tsa go kwala tsa barutwana botlhe/ ditlhopha tse dinnye/morutwana ka nosi di dirwa gararo ka beke metsotso e le 15 o agelela le go golaganya le puisokopanelo, dipuisano le maitemogelo a morutwana. Dirisa ditirwana tsa mokwalokopanelo go bontsha le go dirisa matshwao a puiso a a nepagetseng, mopeleto le thutapuo (dipaka, bontsi jwa maina). • Abelana dikakanyo le go thusa go boeletsa kgang ya phaposi/setlhopha (go kwala ka kopanelo) • Buisana le barutwana-ka-wena ka dikakanyo tsa go kwala • Kwala bonnye dipolelo di le tharo ka ga dikgang tsa gago kgotsa kgang ya boitlhamedi o dirise medumo e o e ithutileng le mafoko a a leng teng,ditlhakakgolo le dikhutlo • Kwala le go thadisa dipolelo ka setlhogo go nna le seabe mo bukeng ya sekhutlwana sa puiso • Peleta mafoko a a tlwaelegileng ka nepagalo • Simolola go dirisa pakajaanong le pakapheti ka nepagalo mo go kwaleng • Bopa bontsi jwa mafoko a a tlwaelegileng ka go gokelela ditlhogo ma- kgotsa me- • Itirela lenaane la mafoko le thanodi ya gago o dirise tlhaka ya ntlha ya lefoko • Rulaganyetsa tshedimosetso mo mokgweng wa kerafo jaaka tšhate, sk. o dirise tšhate go rekota dipholo tsa patlisiso ya gore barutwana ba tla sekolong jang TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Mokwalo • Tshwara kheraeyone le phensele ka nepagalo • Bopa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo ka nepagalo le ka thelelo go ya ka bogolo le seemo , ke gore, o simolole le go feleletsa mo o tshwanetseng teng • Kopolola le go kwala dipolelo ka nepagalo Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Bopa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo ka nepagalo le ka thelelo go ya ka, ke gore, o simolole le go felela mo o tshwanetseng teng • Kopolola le go kwala mafoko a tlogela sekgala kgotsa phatlha e e siameng • Kopolola le go kwala dipolelo ka nepagalo CAPS 75
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go kwala • Abelana dikakanyo le go thusa go boeletsa kgang ya phaposi/setlhopha (go kwala ka kopanelo) • Buisana le barutwana-ka-wena ka dikakanyo tsa go kwala • Itirele lenaane la mafoko le thanodi o dirise tlhaka ya ntlha ya lefoko Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Kwala bonnye dipolelo di le tharo ka ga dikgang tsa gago kgotsa kgang ya boitlhamedi o dirise medumo e o e ithutileng le mafoko a a leng teng, ditlhakakgolo le dikhutlo • Peleta mafoko a a tlwaelegileng ka nepagalo • Simolola go dirisa pakajaanong le pakapheti ka nepagalo mo go kwaleng • Bopa bontsi jwa mafoko a a tlwaelegileng ka go gokelela ditlhogo ma- kgotsa me- • Rulaganyetsa tshedimosetso ka mokgwa wa kerafo jaaka tšhate sk. dirisa tšhate go rekota dipholo tsa gore barutwana ba tla sekolong jang 76 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 DITLHANGWA / METSWEDI E E ATLENEGISITSWENG MO NGWAGENG GO REETSA LE GO BUA • Ditshwantsho le diphousetara • Didiriswa tse di tsamaisanang le dithitokgang le setlhogo, diphapete le bommamatlhwane • Manathwana a kgang a mo botong, malepatshwantsho, malea • Tatelano ya ditshwantsho • Diaparo tsa metshameko e e etsisang • Didiriswa tsa mmino • DiCD kgotsa ditheipi tsa dikgang (tse di buisiwang kgotsa tse di anelwang), maboko, ditheneketso/diraeme le dipina, setshameka CD kgotsa segatisalentswe, thelebišene le ditheipi tsa bidio/diDVD • Dibuka tsa kgang le kgang e e anelwang ka molomo • Maboko, dipina le ditheneketso/diraeme PUISO LE MEDUMOPUO • Ditshwantsho le diphousetara • Ditšhate tsa medumopuo • Matshwaopapatso le dikao tse di maleba tsa mokwalo wa tikologo jaaka dikgetsana tsa go reka, matshwaokgwebo mo diphuthelwaneng jj. • Dibuka tsa puiso tse di tlhophilweng ka seemo • Dibukakgolo - tse dingwe tsa tsona di supilwe ka nako ya mokwalokopanelo • Mantuntuletso, maboko le dipina • Ditlhangwa tse dingwe tsa mekwalo e e godisitsweng jaaka maboko, dipina le ditheneketso jj. • Dibuka tsa dikgang le tsa ditshwantsho tse di tla dirisediwang sekhutlo sa puiso • Dibuka tse dikhutshwane tsa boitumediso tsa polelo e le 1-2 mo tsebeng ya buka go dirisediwa sekhutlwana sa puiso • Dikarata tsa matshwao tsa dilwana tsa phaposi, di bontshiwa le mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong • Dikarata tsa maina a barutwana • Disupi tse di dirisiwang fa go buisiwa mokwalo o o godisitsweng mo ditlhangweng, dikgang tsa mo dipoteng, dibontshiwa GO KWALA LE MOKWALO • Didiriswa tsa tsamaelano ya letsogo le leitlho (sk. dibolo tsa bogolo jo bo farologaneng, dihulahupu, dikgetsana tsa dinawa, sekere, tege ya motshameko, boto ya diphekese le diphekese, dibaga le megala, dikarata tsa dileisi le dileisi, dimmuru le diboutu, therei ya motlhaba, diphekese tsa diaparo • Didiriswa tsa go kwala, sk. diphensele, dikheraeyone, dikheraeyone tsa mafura, pente, maratšhe a a pentang, dipampiri tse di sa kwalelang tsa bogolo jo bo farologanang (A3, A4, A5), rula, raba, dibuka tse di sa kwalelang, dibuka tse di nang le methalo ya 17mm • Dikgemetšhana tsa mokwalo le dipolelo kgotsa ditšhate (tsa bogolo ba tafole ya morutwana) tse di bontshang fa go simololwang teng le ntlha e e siameng ya motsamao fa go kwalwa ditlhaka • Ditšhate tsa dipampiri tse di pitikololwang le dipene tsa khokhi tse dikima • Dithanodi tse di itlhametsweng ke barutwana CAPS 77
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 3.3 MOPHATO 2 MOPHATO 2 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 1 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Ura mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi/tsa beke mo makaleng otlhe a Puo le dirutwa tse dingwe • Reetsa kwa ntle ga go tsena ba bangwe ganong, o supe tlotlo mo sebuing. • Refosana go bua • Bua ka maitemogelo a gago, sk.Go tlotla dikgang tsa gago • Dirisa mafoko a a nepagatseng a a tsamaelanang le diteng, sk. taletso. • Tshitsinya tharabololo ya bothata segolo bogolo ka nako ya Dipalo. Ditirwana tse di totileng go reetsa le go bua gabedi ka beke Dibeke 1 - 5 • Reetsa kgang o ijese monate le go araba dipotso tse di amanang le kgang. • Boeletsa tatelano ya ditiragalo mo kgannyeng ka nepagalo. • Reetsa ditaelo tse di nang le bonnye dikarolwana tse pedi mme o di tsibogele ka tshwanelo. Dibeke 6 - 10 • Anela kgang e e nang le tshimologo, mmele le bokhutlo • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong, o botse le go araba dipotso o be o tshitsinye dikakanyo. TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamamng Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Boeletsa tatelano ya ditiragalo mo kgannyeng ka nepagalo. • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong, o botse le go araba dipotso o be o tshitsinye dikakanyo Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Bua ka maitemogelo a gago, Sk. tlotla dikgang tsa gago. • Reetsa ditaelo tse di nang le bonnye dikarolwana di le pedi mme o di tsibogela ka tshwanelo. • Reetsa kgang o ijese monate le go araba dipotso tse di amanang le kgang • Anela kgang e e nang le tshimologo, mmele le bokhutlo. 78 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 2 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 1 GO BUISA LE MEDUMOPUO NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Diura di le 4 le metsotso e le 30 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 5 ka beke DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/ DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa metsotso e le 15 tsa medumopuo Boeletsa medumo ya ditlhakanngwe le ditumammogo tse di pataganeng tse di rutilweng kwa Mophatong 1. Simolola ka go ruta ditumanosi tse di pataganeng. Dira popego ya mafoko le ditirwana tsa dikgono tsa temogo ya kutlo ka nako e le nngwe. Dirisa ditšhono tsa go boeletsa medumopuo e e rutilweng mo ditirwaneng tse dingwe tsa Puo, ke gore, mo puisokopanelong le mo mokwalokopanelong. • Supa kamano ya medumo le ditlhaka tsa tlhaka nosi tsotlhe. • Boeletsa mafolo a setlhopha se le sengwe ka modumo o o rileng jaaka k;kg;kgw. • Boeletsa ditumammogo tse di tlwaelegileng sk.tl, kh, kg, ts ng le ny • Lemoga ditumammogo mo tshimologong ya mafoko, sk. tl - tlala, ts - tsela, th- thuba, tsh - tshaba, kg- kgala, kgw - kgwedi, ng - ngaka, ngw - ngwana, ny - nyala, • Dirisa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng mo tshimologong le mo bofelong jwa mafoko sk.Nganga,thwathwa,thabang, thabeng,tshepang • Boeletsa ditumammogo tse di tlwaelegileng sk.tl, kh, kg, ts ng le ny tse di tlhagelelang kwa bokhutlong jwa lefoko, sk. batla, tsamayang, jj., • Lemoga ditumanosi tsa modumo o o kwa godimo le o o kwa tlase sk. oma: Pule o oma Lebo ka lebole, Mosese wa ga Nkele ga o a oma, noka: Noka e tletse metsi, Noka ya me e botlhoko • Lemoga mafoko a a rumisanang sk. agile, adile, amile, ima, ema, oma, oka, aka, roka • Bopa mafoko a a nang le ditlhaka di le 3 le di le 4 o dirise ditlhakanosi le tse di pataganeng tse di rutilweng mo kgweditharong • Buisa mafoko go tswa mo thutong ya medumopuo mo dipolelong le mo ditlhangweng tse dingwe • Ithute go peleta mafoko a le sometlhano (15) ka beke go tswa mo thutong ya medumopuo Ditirwana tsa puiso tsa letsatsi le letsatsi: Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha (ditlhopha di le pedi mo letsatsing) le dinako tsa puisokopanelo di le 2-3 mo bekeng. Puisokopanelo Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe di dirwa ga 2-3 mo bekeng, metsotso e le 15 o dirisa bonnye setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng: morutabana o bontsha barutwana dikgato tsotlhe mo phaposing. Nako e nngwe le e nngwe e tla tota tse di latelang: dikakanyo tsa mokwalo, diponagalo tsa setlhangwa, medumopuo, dipaterone tsa puo, ditogamaano tsa go tlhaola mafoko le go a tlhaloganya go ya ka maemo a a farologaneng (sk. tshedimosetso ka tlhamalalo, thulaganyo sešwa, go itseela tshwetso, tlhatlhobo le kgatlhegelo). Diragatsa dikgono tsa go ipopela bokao jwa tiriso ya medumopuo le ditogamaano tse dingwe tse di akaretsang motlhala wa tiriso le tshekatsheko ya popego fa o buisa. Dira sekao sa togamaano sa menwana e le metlhano mo monwana o mongwe le o mongwe o ka dirisiwang go emela togamaano e mmuisi a ka e dirisang go bona gore a ka buisa jang lefoko le le sa itsiweng le bokao jwa lona. • Buisa ditaelo tse di bonolo mo phaposiborutelong • Ranola ditshwantsho le dikgatiso dingwe tsa mmedia jaaka dinepe, kgotsa dipapatso go itirela kgang ya gago o a ‘buise’ dinepe kgotsa dipapatso). • Barutwana ba buisa dibuka botlhe le morutabana (puisokopanelo) le go tlhalosa dikakanyokgolo • Dirisa matshwaopono go bonelapele se kgang e leng ka ga sona : bokafantle jwa buka le dithalo mo bukeng • Tlhagisa tsibogo ka setlhangwa se se buisitsweng. • Tlhaola dintlhakgolo mo go se se buisitsweng sk. tatelano ya ditiragalo • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo pele ga, ka nako ya, le morago ga go buisa setlhangwa sa kopanelo sk. Go ne go tla diragala eng fa…..” CAPS 79
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha di le 2 ka letsatsi a dirisa metsotso e le 15 le setlhopha sengwe le sengwe. Setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se dira le morutabana gabedi ka beke. Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha tsa barutwana ba bokgoni jo bo tshwanang, a ba lebaganya le ditlhangwa tse di mo kgatong ya go rutiwa (a dirise ditlhangwa tse di bonolo go na le tse di dirisitsweng mo puisokopanelong ka temogo ya mafoko a a nepagetseng a a fetang 95% fa a buisa setlhangwa). Dibuka tsa puiso tse di tlhophilweng ka seemo di tla dirisiwa gantsi. • Buisetsa kwa godimo le ka setu ka maemo a gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang e e ikaegileng ka maemo a go ruta puiso mo setlhopheng • Dirisa ditshwantsho mo setlhangweng gore o se tlhaloganye • Dirisa mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong, medumopuo, tshekatsheko ya tiriso le popego fa o buisa. • Bontsha fa o tlhaloganya matshwaopuiso fa o buisetsa kwa godimo (dikhutlo, diphegelwana, matshwao a potso le matshwao tsiboso) • Tswelela go aga tlotlofoko go tswa mo lenaneong la go buisa le le sa rulaganngwang, tlhatlhamano ya go buisa e e tlhophilweng ka seemo le lenaane la mafoko a a tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi (gararo mo bekeng) Simolola go ruta puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi. Tlhopha ditlhangwa tse di tlwaelegileng kgotsa di le mo maemong a morutwana a ka kgonang go buisa a le nosi (tse di leng bonolo mo go tse di dirisiwang mo puisokopanelong go feta 95% ya temogo ya nepagalo ya mafoko fa a buisa setlhangwa) • Buisa ka nosi sk. dibuka tsa ditshwantsho, dikarata tsa poko, dibuka tsa dikgang go tswa kwa laeborari kgotsa go tswa kwa sekhutlwaneng sa puiso sa phaposiborutelo TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Boeletsa setlhopha sa mafoko a a nang le ditumanosi tse dikhutshwane: fa, mo, ga • Lemoga mafoko a a rumisanang (sk. agile, adile, amile). • Bopa mafoko a a nang le ditlhaka di le 3 le 4 o dirise ditlhakanosi le tse di pataganeng tse di rutilweng mo kgweditharong e • Buisa mafoko go tswa mo thutong ya medumopuo mo dipolelong le mo ditlhangweng tse dingwe. Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/ go kwala) • Supa kamano ya medumotlhaka ya ditlhakanosi tsotlhe • Boeletsa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng: th, tl, tlh kgo-mo, tha-mo, tlha-pa, tla-la, tshwa-ya • Lemoga ‘kg’ mo tshimologong ya mafoko sk. kg-omo, kg-wele. • Dirisa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng go aga le go kgaoganya mafoko,sk. tlo-tla • Boeletsa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng, tse di tlwaelegileng (ng, tlh, tl) mo bofelong jwa mafoko (sk. kga-ng, tlo-tla, tlho- tlha). • Lemoga ditumanosi tse di pataganeng: sk. aa mo go maaka le ee mo go seemo. Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Puiso: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisa ditaelo tse di bonolo mo phaposing • Ranola ditshwantsho le dipapatso tse dingwe tse di gatisitsweng jaaka dinepe kgotsa dipapatso, go itirela kgang ya gago. Buisa ditshwantsho kgotsa dipapatso. • Buisang dibuka le morutabana (puisokopanelo) mme lo tlhalose dikakanyokgolo • Dirisa matshwaopono jaaka bokafantle jwa buka go bonelapele se kgang e leng ka ga sona le go tlhagisa tsibogo ya gago. • Supa dintlha tsa botlhokwa mo go se se buisitsweng jaaka, tatelano ya ditiragalo • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo, pele ga, ka nako ya, le morago ga, go buisa setlhangwa sa kopanelo: ‘Go ne go tla diragala eng fa …’ 80 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha: • Buisetsa kwa godimo le ka setu go ya ka bokgoni jwa gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa le morutabana go ya ka fa se tshwanetseng go rutiwa ka teng. • Dirisa ditswantsho mo setlhangweng gore o se tlhaloganye • Dirisa mafoko a a nnang a le teng, medumopuo, tshekatsheko ya tiriso le ya popego, o dirise dikgono tsa go lemoga medumopuo fa o buisa • Supa fa o tlhaloganya matshwaopuiso fa o buisetsa kwa godimo (dikhutlo, diphegelwana, matshwao a puiso le a tsiboso)Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Ranola ditshwantsho le dikgatiso dingwe tsa mmedia jaaka dinepe le dipapatso go bonelapele le go itirela kgang ya gago. O “buise dinepe le dipapatso. • Buisang dibuka le morutabana (puisokaelo) le go tlhalosa dintlhakgolo • Dirisa matshwaopono jaaka bokafantle jwa buka go bonelapele se kgang e leng ka ga sona, o tlhagise tsibogo ya gago. • Supa dintlha tsa botlhokwa ka ga se se neng se buisiwa jaaka tatelano ya ditiragalo Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisetsa kwa godimo go ya ka maemo a gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang le morutabana e e yang ka maemo a go buisa a setlhopha • Dirisa mafoko a a nnang a le teng, medumopuo, tshekatsheko ya tiriso le ya popego, o dirisa dikgono tsa go lemoga medumopuo fa o buisa CAPS 81
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 2 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 1 GO KWALA NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Ura le metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 2 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo: Dithuto tse di tlhomameng di dirwa gararo ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15 Boeletsa popo ya ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo, sekgala se se nepagetseng fa gare ga lefoko le mo mafokong mo polelong. Barutwana ba kopolola mafoko le dipolelo go tswa mo patitšhokong le mo dikgemetšhaneng tsa dipolelo. • Tshwara pene le go baya didiriswa tsa go kwalela (buka/tsebe ya buka) ka nepagalo. • Bopa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo di le 26 ka nepagalo - ntlhatshupo, popo le sekgala fa gare ga mela. • Kwala mafoko ka sekgala kgotsa diphatlha tse di nepagetseng fa gare ga ditlhaka le mafoko • Kopolola le go kwala dipolelo tse di buisegang di le pedi kgotsa go feta ka nepagalo • Kwala le go dirisa matshwao a puiso jaaka khutlo, matshwao a dipotso, phegelwana le matshwao a tsiboso) Mokwalokopanelo ka ditlhopha le ka nosi Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe/ditlhopha tse dinnye di dirwa 2-3 ka beke mo metsotsong e le 20, go agelela le go golaganya le puisokopanelo. Dirisa ditirwana tsa kwalokopanelo go bontsha barutwana tiriso e e nepagetseng ya matshwao a puiso le mopeleto Dirisa ditlhaka tse di simololang mafoko go thusa barutwana go ikwalela dipolelo tsa bona (simolola go ba ruta ka dithanodi tse e leng tsa bona) • Thala ditshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa ka ga maitemogelo a gago • Abelana ka dikakanyo le mafoko go thusa ka kgang ya barutwana botlhe (kwalokopanelo) • Kwala lenaane o dirisa phegelwana go kgaoganya dilo tse di tshwanang le ditirwana tsa letsatsi • Kwala bonnye dipolelo di le tharo tsa kgang ya gago kgotsa kgang ya boitlhamedi o dirisa medumo e o e ithutileng, mafoko a a itsegeng a a nang le ditlhakakgolo le dikhutlo • Kwala le go tlhalosa dipolelo (dipolelo di le 2-4) ka setlhogo go nna le seabe mo go kwaleng buka e e tla dirisiwang kwa sekhutlwaneng sa puiso sa phaposi. • Ikagele lenaane la mafoko a gago le thanodi o dirisa ditlhaka tse di simololang mafoko go tlhabolola dikgono tsa go itlhamela thanodi sk. selo, katse 82 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Mokwalo • Tshwara pene le go baya didiriswa tsa go kwalela (buka/tsebe ya buka) ka nepagalo. • Bopa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo di le 26 ka nepagalo - ntlhatshupo, popo le sekgala fa gare ga mela. • Kwala le go dirisa matshwao a puiso: dikhutlo, matshwao a potso, diphegelwana le matshwao a tsiboso • Kwala mafoko o tlogela sekgala kgotsa diphatlha fa gare ga mafoko Tirwana 1 ya tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Bopa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo di le 26 ka nepagalo - ntlhatshupo, popo le sekgala fa gare ga mela. • Kopolola le go kwala dipolelo tse di buisegang di le pedi kgotsa go feta ka nepagalo. Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go kwala • Kwala lenaane o dirisa phegelwana go kgaoganya dilo tse di tshwanang le ditirwana tsa letsatsi • Ikagele lenaane la mafoko a gago le thanodi o dirisa ditlhaka tse di simololang mafoko go tlhabolola dikgono tsa go itirela thanodi sk. selo, katse Tirwana 1 ya tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Thala ditshwantsho go fetisa molaetsa, sk. a bue ka maitemogelo a gago • Kwala bonnye dipolelo di le tharo tsa kgang ya gago kgotsa kgang ya boitlhamedi o dirisa medumo e o e ithutileng, mafoko a a itsegeng a a leng teng, ditlhakakgolo le dikhutlo • Abelana ka dikakanyo le mafoko go thusa ka kgang ya barutwana botlhe (kwalokabelano) CAPS 83
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 2 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 2 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Ura mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le tsa beke mo makaleng otlhe a Puo le dirutwa tse dingwe • Reetsa kwa ntle ga go tsena ba bangwe ganong go supa tlotlo mo sebuing • Tlotla ka go refosana, a bontsha bosisi mo go ba bangwe le go neela pegelo e e siameng. • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago, sk. o tlotle dikgang ntle le go di boeletsa. • Tlhaloganya le go dirisa puo e e maleba ya dirutwa tse di farologaneng, sk. puo e e totileng Dipalo. • Tshitsinya tharabololo ya bothata bogolo segolo ka nako ya Dipalo. Ditirwana tsa go reetsa le go bua tse di tlhaoletsweng go dirwa gabedi mo bekeng nngwe le nngwe Dibeke 1 - 5 • Reetsa dikgang ka boitumelo mo nakong e telele • Tlhagisa maikutlo a gago ka kgang kgotsa leboko. • Tlhaola dilo tse di tshwanang le tse di farologaneng • Bapisa le go rulaganya dilo o tlhalosa thulagano e e jaaka, diphologolo tse di nang le maoto a le mane le tse di nang le a le mabedi. Dibeke 6 - 10 • Reetsa ditaelo tse di marara le go di tsibogela ka tshwanelo. • Reetsa dikgang le maboko le go supa ntlhakgolo, dintlha ka botlalo le tatelano ya ditiragalo. • Araba dipotso tse di tswalegileng le tse di bulegileng o be o neelane ka mabaka a dikarabo tsa gago. • Tsibogela dithamalakwane le metlae. • Itirele merumo a dirisa puo ya boikakanyetsi • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong le go botsa dipotso go bona tshedimosetso. 84 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go reetsa le go bua: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Reetsa kwa ntle ga go tsena ba bangwe ganong o supa tlotlo mo sebuing • Tlotla ka go refosana, o bontsha masisi mo go ba bangwe le go neela pegelo ka mokgwa o o siameng. • Supa dilo tse di tshwanang le tse di farologaneng • Bapisa le go rulaganya dilo o tlhalose thulagano, sk. diphologolo tse di nang le maoto a le mane le tse di nang le a le mabedi Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le Go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago, (sk. tlotla dikgang ntle le go di boeletsa). • Reetsa dikgang ka boitumelo mo nakong e telele • Tlhagisa maikutlo a gago ka kgang kgotsa leboko Tirwana 2 ya tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le Go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Reetsa dikgang le maboko le go supa ntlhakgolo, dintlha ka botlalo le tatelano ya ditiragalo. • Araba dipotso tse di tswalegileng le tse di bulegileng o be o a neelana ka mabaka a dikarabo tsa gago. • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong le go botsa dipotso go bona tshedimosetso CAPS 85
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 2 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 2 GO BUISA LE MEDUMOPUO NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Diura di le 4 le metsotso e le 30 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 5 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa medumopuo tsa metsotso e le 15 Simolola go ruta ditumanosi di le 3 tse di pataganeng, le ditumammogo tse di pataganeng. Tswelela ka ditirwana tsa go bopa mafoko le tsa temogo ya kutlo. Netefatsa gore barutwana ba tlhaloganya mafoko a ba a dumisang le go a dirisa go bopa dipolelo tse di nepagetseng. • Lemoga ditlhaka tse tharo tsa modumopuo wa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng mo tshimologong ya lefoko (sk. tsh mo go ‘tshasa’, tlh mo go ‘tlhatswa’) • Lemoga ditlhaka tse tharo tsa modumopuo wa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng kwa bofelong jwa mafoko (tlhotlha, kgotlha) • Lemoga ditumanosi bonnye di le 3 tse dintšhwa tse di pataganeng (sk. ‘oa’ mo go boa, ‘ee’ mo go seeleele) • Bopa mafoko a ditlhaka di le 3, 4, 5 o dirisa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng, sk. ts - tsamaya, tsh - tshameka, tshw - tshwantsha le ditumanosi tse di pataganeng, sk. aa mo go ‘maaka’ le ee mo go ‘seemo’. tse di rutilweng mo kgweditharong e. • Buisa mafoko a a tswang mo dithutong tsa medumopuo mo polelong le mo ditlhangweng tse dingwe • Ithute go peleta mafoko a le lesometlhano a a tswang mo thutong ya medumopuo ka beke. Ditirwana tsa puiso tsa letsatsi le letsatsi Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha (ditlhopha di le pedi ka letsatsi) le dinako tsa Puisokopanelo di le 2-3 mo bekeng Puisokopanelo Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe ga 2-3 ka beke le beke metsoso e le 15 o dirisa bonnye setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng: morutabana o bontsha barutwana botlhe dikgato tsotlhe. Bontsha sekao sa go dirisa dikgono tsa medumopuo le ditogamaaano tse dingwe tse di akaretsang metlhala ya tiriso le tshekatsheko ya popego • Dirisa matshwaopono go tlhaola mosola wa dipapatso le batho ba ba tshwanetseng go di amogela • Buisang dibuka le morutabana (puisokopanelo) le go buisana ka kamano fa gare ga lebaka le tatelano • Tlhaola dintlhakgolo mo go se se buisitsweng, jaaka baanelwa bagolo le maitshetlego/lefelokgang). • Buisa diraeme, maboko le dipina tse di itsiweng ke botlhe mo phaposiborutelong le morutabana (puisokopanelo) le go buisana ka dipopego tse di farologaneng. • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo kgannyeng e e buisitsweng. “Mokgwa o tau e itshwereng ka ona o farologana jang le wa legotlo?”) • Neela kakanyo ya gago ka ga se o se buisitsweng. Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha di le pedi letsatsi lengwe le lengwe a dirisa metsotso e le 15 mo setlhopheng se sengwe le se sengwe. Setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se dira le morutabana gabedi ka beke. Ruta barutwana go itekola fa ba buisa gore ba lemoge mafoko le go a tlhaloganya (Barutwana ba rutiwe go botsa dipotso jaaka: A e utlwala e nepagetse? A e a tlhaloganyega?). Bontsha dikgato tsa puisokopanel mme o e dirise mo puisokaelong ka tshegetso. • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng go ya ka fa a kgonang ka teng mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang • Dirisa mafoko a a nnang a le teng, medumopuo, dikgono tsa tshekatsheko ya tiriso le popego fa o buisa • Simolola go itekola fa o buisa gore o lemoge mafoko le go a tlhaloganya. • Buisa ka thelelo le ka go tlhagisa maikutlo. • Tswelela go agelela mo tlotlofokong e e leng teng go tswa mo lenaneong la puiso e e sa rulaganyediwang, tlhatlhamano e e tlhophilweng ka seemo le lenaneo la mafoko a a tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa. 86 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tse di tsamaelanang le puiso tsa metsotso e le 20 fa ditlhopha tse dingwe di dira puisokaelo le morutabana. • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa godimo • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe • Buisa ditlhangwa tse di jaaka tsa tshegiso le tse di bonolo tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Buisa mafoko a a tswang mo dithutong tsa medumopuo mo dipolelong le mo ditlhangweng tse dingwe. Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/ go kwala) • Lemoga ditlhaka tse tharo tsa medumo e e pataganeng ya ditumammogo mo tshimologong ya lefoko (sk. tsh mo go tshasa, tlh mo go tlhatswa) • Lemoga ditlhaka tse tharo tsa medumo e e pataganeng ya ditumammogo kwa bofelong jwa mafoko(tlhoa, kgoa) • Bopa mafoko a ditlhaka di le 3, 4, le 5 a dirisa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng le ditumanosi tse di dumisiwang mmogo tse di rutilweng mo kgweditharong e Tirwana ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng 2: Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/ go kwala) • Lemoga bonnye ditumanosi tse dišwa tse di pataganeng (s.’oa’ mo go boa, ‘ee’ mo go seeleele) • Lemoga medumo e e sa utlwaleng mo mafokong, sk. ‘o’ wa bobedi mo go ‘Pooe’ ga a utlwale; ‘u’ wa bobedi mo go ‘thuu’ ga a utlwale • Bopa mafokoa ditlhaka di le 3, 4, le 5 o dirisa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng le ditumanodi tse di dumisiwang mmogo tse di rutilweng mo kgweditharong e Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Puiso: (Tiro ya molomokgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Dirisa metlhala ya pono go supa maitlhomo a dipapatso le baamogedi ba ba totilweng • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo kgannyeng e e buisitsweng : Mokgwa o tau e itshwereng ka ona o farologana jang le wa legotlo?) Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha: • Buisa ka thelelo le ka go tlhagisa maikutlo • Simolola go itekola fa o buisa, o lemoge le go tlhaloganya mafoko Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe • Buisa ditlhangwa ka nosi jaaka tsa dikhomiki le tsa ditiragalo tse di senang nnete Tirwana I ya Tlhotlhobo e e tlhomameng : Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisang dibuka le morutabana (puisokopanelo) le go buisana ka kgolagano ya lebaka le tatelano • Tlhaola dintlhakgolo mo go se se buisitsweng jaaka, baanelwabagolo le lefelokgang CAPS 87
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Dirisa bokgoni jwa go tlhaloganya kgotsa go ranola mafoko a a sa tlwaelegang ka go dirisa medumo, bokao mo tirisong le tshekatsheko ya popego ya mafoko go a tlhaloganya • Buisa ka thelelo le ka go tlhagisa maikutlo Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisa ditlhangwa ka nosi jaaka tsa dikhomiki le tsa ditiragalo tse di senang nnete Tirwana 2 ya Tlhotlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Dirisa metlhala ya pono go supa maitlhomo a dipapatso le baamogedi ba ba totilweng • Buisang dibuka le morutabana (puisokopanelo) le go buisana ka kgolagano ya lebaka le tatelano • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo kgannyeng e e buisitsweng : Mokgwa o tau e itshwereng ka ona o farologana jang le wa legotlo?) • Neela kakanyo ya gago ka ga se se buisitsweng. Puiskaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng go ya ka maemo a gago a puiso mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo mmogo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa buka e e tshwanang. • Dirisa bokgoni jwa go tlhaloganya kgotsa go ranola mafoko a a sa tlwaelegang ka go dirisa medumo, bokao mo tirisong le tshekatsheko ya popego ya mafoko go a tlhaloganya Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisetsa barutwana ka-wena kwa godimo 88 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 2 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 2 GO KWALA NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Ura e le 1 le metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 5 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo: Dithuto tse di tlhomameng gararo ka beke mo metsotsng e le 15 Barutwana ba dirisa mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang go kopolola le go kwala ditlhangwa tse di leele tse di farologaneng go tswa mo setlhangwang se se kwadilweng. • Kwala ditlhakakgolo le ditlhakannye tsotlhe ka mokwalokgatiso ka go itshepa le ka nepagalo. • Dirisa sekgala se se maleba fa gare ga mafoko le dipolelo fa o kwala • Tlhamalatsa mokwalo sentle mo meleng ya 17mm • Kopolola le go kwala temana e le nngwe ya mela e le 3-4 go tswa mo setlhangweng se se kwadilweng (kgang, leboko jj.) • Kopolola le go kwala dikagego tse di farologaneng tsa go kwala (ditaletso tse dikhutshwane jaaka tsa matsalo, melaetsa, manaane, jj.) • Thala dipaterone go baakanyetsa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng. • Dirisa didiriswa tsa mokwalo ka nepo sk. phensele, raba, rula Go kwala ka kopanelo, ka ditlhopha le ka nosi. Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe / ditlhopha tse dinnye di dirwa ga 2-3 mo bekeng mo metsotsong e le 20. Dirisa ditirwana tsa go kwala ka kopanelo go bontsha mokgwa o o siameng wa go dirisa matshwao a puiso le mopeleto ka nepagalo. Neela barutwana letlhomeso le le ba thusang go kwala dikgang tsa bona. • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong go tlhopha setlhogo se o ka kwalang ka sona. • Kwala setlhangwa se se tlhagisang maikutlo, jaaka, karata ya ditebogo kgotsa lekwalo o dirise kagego e e neilweng. • Kwala kgang e e leng ya gago ya bonnye jo bo kana ka temana e le nngwe (bonnye dipolelo di le tlhano), o dirisa letlhomeso la go kwala • Kwala temana e le nngwe (bonnye mela e le metlhano) ka ga maitemogelo a gago kgotsa ditiragalo jaaka tsa dikgang tsa letsatsi le letsatsi • Kwala le go thadisa dipolelo (di le 4-6) ka ga setlhogo go nna le seabe mo bukeng ya puiso ya mo sekhutlwaneng sa puiso. • Dirisa dikgato tsa go kwala (ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala le go tseleganya) • Dirisa ditlhakakgolo (kwa tshimologong ya lefoko le ya mainatota) le matshwao a puiso a a nepagetseng (dikhutlo,diphegelwana, matshwao a potso, matshwao a tsiboso) • Simolola go peleta mafoko a a tlwaelegileng ka nepagalo • Dirisa pakajaanong le pakapheti ka tshwanelo • Dirisa matlhalosi ka nepagalo • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena mokwalo wa gago • Bopa lenaane la mafoko le thanodi e e leng ya gago o dirise tlhaka e e simololang lefoko go tlhabolola dikgono tsa go itirela thanodi jaaka, kgakala, legae, nkoko CAPS 89
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang Mokwalo • Dirisa sekgala se se siameng fa gare ga mafoko mo polelong • Tlhamalatsa mokwalo ka nepagalo mo methalong ya 17mm • Dirisa didiriswa tsa mokwalo ka nonofo: phensele, raba, rula Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Kwala ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo tsotlhe ka mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang ka go itshepa le ka nepagalo • Kopolola le go kwala mefuta e e farologaneng ya dikagego tsa go kwala jaaka ditaletso tse dikhutshwane tsa matsalo, melaetsa le mananeo jj. Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Kwala ditlhakakgolo le ditlhakannye tsotlhe ka mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang, ka go itshepa le ka nepagalo • Kopolola le go kwala temana ya mela e e magareng ga 3-4 go tswa mo setlhangweng se se gatisitsweng jaaka kgang, leboko jj. Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go kwala • Itlhamele lenaane la mafoko le thanodi o dirise tlhaka e e simololang ya lefoko go godisa bokgoni jwa gago jwa thanodi jaaka kgakala, nkgono, gae • Simolola go peleta mafoko a a tlwaelegileng ka nepagalo Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Kwala setlhangwa sa maikutlo jaaka karata ya tebogo kgotsa lekwalo • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong ka go tlhopha setlhogo se a kwalang ka ga sona • Kwala kgang e e leng ya gago ya bonnye temana e le nngwe (bonnye dipolelo di le 5) o dirise letlhomeso la go kwala • Dirisa ditlhakakgolo (mo tshimologong ya polelo le mo mainatota) le matshwao a puiso ka nepagalo (dikhutlo, diphegelwana, matshwao a potso, matshwao a tsiboso) Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Kwala kgang e e leng ya gago ya bonnye temana e le nngwe (bonnye dipolelo di le 5) o dirise letlhomeso la go kwala • Kwala temana e le nngwe (bonnye dipolelo di le 5) ka ga maitemogelo a gago kgotsa ditiragalo tse di jaaka dikgang tsa letsatsi le letsatsi • Dirisa dikgato tsa go kwala (ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala, go tseleganya le go phasalatsa/tlhagisa) • Simolola go peleta mafoko a a tlwaelegileng ka nepagalo • Dirisa pakajaanong le pakapheti ka tshwanelo • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena mokwalo wa gago 90 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 2 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 3 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Ura mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le tsa beke mo makaleng otlhe a Puo le dirutwa tse dingwe • Reetsa ntle le go tsena ba bangwe ganong, o supe tlotlo mo sebuing o be o botse dipotso gore o sedimosetswe. • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago le dikgang ka kakaretso, sk. tlotla ka dikgang • Dirisa tlotlofoko e e oketsegang nako le nako fa o bua. • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong, o botse dipotso le go di araba • Tshitsinya tharabololo ya bothata segolo bogolo ka nako ya serutwa sa Dipalo. Ditirwana tse di totileng go reetsa le go bua gabedi mo bekeng Dibeke 1 - 5 • Reetsa tatelano ya ditaelo mme o di tsibogela ka tshwanelo • Reetsa dikgang le go bonelapele bokhutlo jwa tsona kgotsa go itlhamela bokhutlo. • Tlotla ka dikgang tse di bonolo o fetole segalo le modumo wa lentswe. Dibeke 6 - 10 • Reetsa dintlha ka botlalo mo kgang le go araba dipotso tse di bulegileng, sekao, o tlhalose lebaka le tatelano • Diragatsa metshameko mo mabakeng a a farologaneng, sk.o diragatse jaaka mogasi wa dikgang • Dirisa puo e e maleba mo bathong ba ba farologaneng jaaka fa o dira dipotsotherisano le batho ba ba farologaneng • Dira metlae le dithamalakwane o dirise puo ya boikakanyetsi TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tse di sa tlhomamang Go reetsa le go bua • Reetsa ntle le go tsena ba bangwe ganong, o supe tlotlo mo sebuing o be o botse dipotso go sedimosetswa • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago le dikgang ka kakaretso, sk. tlotla ka dikgang. • Dirisa puo e e maleba mo bathong ba ba farologaneng jaaka fa o dira dipotsotherisano le batho ba ba farologaneng • Dira metlae le dithamalakwane o dirise puo ya boikakanyetsi Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago le dikgang ka kakaretso. sk. tlotla ka dikgang • Dirisa tlotlofoko e e oketsegang/atang nako le nako fa o bua • Reetsa dikgang le go bonelapele bokhutlo jwa tsona kgotsa go itlhamela bokhutlo jwa kgang • Tlotla ka dikgang tse di bonolo o fetole segalo le modumo wa lentswe Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong o botse dipotso le go di araba • Reetsa tatelano ya ditaelo mme o di tsibogela ka tshwanelo • Reetsa dintlha ka botlalo mo dikgannyeng le go araba dipotso tse di bulegileng, sk. o tlhalose lebaka le tatelano • Diragatsa metshameko mo mabakeng a a farologaneng, sk.a o diragatse jaaka mogasi wa dikgang CAPS 91
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 2 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 3 GO BUISA LE MEDUMOPUO NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Diura di le 4 le metsotso e le 30 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 5 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa medumopuo tsa metsotso e le 15. Dirisa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng go bopa le go kgaoganya mafoko. Tswelela ka ditirwana tsa temogo ya kutlo (go bopa le go kgaoganya mafoko go ya ka fa a utlwalang ka teng e seng ka go a leba) se, se thusa ka mopeleto • Supa kamano ya medumo le ditlhakanosi tsotlhe • Dirisa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng go aga le go kgaoganya mafoko,sk. tlo-tla • Boeletsa bontsi mo tshimologong ya lefolo ka kutlo (sk. di-; ba-; jj.) • Boeletsa ditumammogo tse di pataganeng tse di dumisiwang mmogo, tse di tlwaelegileng mo bokhutlong jwa lefoko (sk. ma-ng) • Lemoga modumo wa ntlha le noko ya bofelo mo dipateroneng tse di marara thata, jaaka, borethe, serethe • Lemoga ditumanosi tse di pataganeng tse di dumisiwang mmogo jaaka, ‘oo’-poo, ‘oa’-moakanyetsi, ‘ee’-seeleele) • Bopa mafoko o dirisa ditumanosi le ditumammogo tse di pataganeng e bile di dumisiwa mmogo ditumammogo tsa ditlhaka di le pedi le tse di rutilweng ngwaga o. • Kgobokanya mafoko a a tlwaelegileng go ya ka ditlhopha tsa medumo ya tsona (sk. ‘oo’, ‘oa’, ‘ee’) • Buisa mafoko go tswa mo dithutong tsa medumopuo mo dipolelong le mo ditlhangweng tse di dingwe • Ithute go peleta mafoko a le lesome a a ithutilweng ka nako ya thuto ya medumopuo, le go tswa mo mafokong a a bonwang thata mo tikologong Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa puiso:Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha (ditlhopha di le pedi ka letsatsi) le dinako tsa puisokopanelo mo bekeng di le 2-3 Puisokopanelo Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhedi di dirwa ga 2-3 ka beke, metsotso e le 15, o dirisa bonnye setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng • Buisang buka le morutabana ba tlhaola tatelano ya ditiragalo le maitshetlego • Dirisa bokafantle jwa buka go bonelapele bokhutlo jwa kgang • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo temaneng e e buisitsweng (“Go ne go tla diragala eng fa…”) • Neela kakanyo ya gago ka ga se o se buisitsweng. • Tlhaola mangwe a makaelagongwe le malatodi • Ranola tshedimosetso go tswa mo mananeong a a bonolo jaaka alemanaka/khalentara Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha di le pedi letsatsi lengwe le lengwe, a dirisa metsotso e le 15 mo setlhopheng se sengwe le se sengwe. Setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se dira le morutabana gabedi ka beke. • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng go ya ka maemo a gago a puiso mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, barutwana botlhe ba buisa kgang e le nngwe e e tshwanang • Dirisa mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong, medumopuo,dikgono tsa tshekatsheko ya tiriso le popego fa a buisa • Itekole fa o buisa, o lemoge le go tlhaloganya mafoko • Buisa ka thelelo e e oketsegang le ka go tlhagisa maikutlo • Tswelela go bopa tlotlofoko e e nnang e le teng go tswa mo mananeo a puiso e e sa rulaganyediwang, tlhatlhamano e e tlhophilweng ka seemo le manane a mafoko a a tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa 92 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tse di amanang le puiso tsa metsotso e le 20, fa ditlhopha tse dingwe di dira puisokaelo le morutabana • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa godimo • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa barutwana ba bangwe • Buisa ka nosi: dibuka tse dikhutshwane tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete le maboko • Tshameka metshameko ya go buisa le go feleletsa malepa a mafoko go gatelela puiso le dikgono tsa tlotlofoko jaaka: dibeke le metshameko ya metlhala ya maoto TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Supa kamano ya medumo ya ditlhakanosi tsotlhe • Bopa mafoko o dirise ditumanosi tse di pataganeng, ditumammogo tsa ditlhaka di le pedi le tsa ditlhaka di le tharo tse di rutilweng ngwaga o • Boeletsa bontsi jwa mafoko go ya ka fa o a utlwang ka teng (‘ba-’, ‘me-’), ‘ng’ le ‘po’ kwa bokhutlong jwa mafoko • Buisa mafoko mo dipolelong le mo ditlhangweng tse dingwe go tswa kwa thutong ya medumopuo Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Dirisa ditumammogo go bopa le go kgaoganya mafoko • Boeletsa ditumammogo tse di tlwaelegileng tse di pataganeng (ng, tl) kwa bofelong jwa mafoko (sk. e-ng, tlo-tla) • Bopa mafoko o dirise medumo e o e rutilweng • Bopa mafoko o dirise ditumanosi le ditumammogo tse di pataganeng tse di rutilweng mo kgweditharong e • Kgobokanya mafoko a a tlwaelegileng go ya ka ditlhopha tsa medumo ya tsona (sk. ‘wa’, ‘nwa’) Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/e e kwalwang) • Lemoga modumo wa ntlha le noko ya bofelo (e e rumang) mo dipateroneng tsa mafoko a a raraaneng (sk. bo-rethe, se- rethe) • Lemoga ditumanosi tse di pataganeng di dumisega e kete ga di pedi (sk. ‘ee’, ‘oo’, ‘oa’) • Bopa mafoko o dirise ditumanosi le ditumammogo tse di dumisegang mmogo, ditumammogo tse di pataganeng, , ditumammogo tsa ditlhaka di le pedi tse ba di rutilweng ngwaga ono • Kgobokanya mafoko a a tlwaelegileng go ya ka medumo ya ditlhopha tsa ona (‘wa’, ‘nwa’) Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang Puiso: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo setlhangweng se se buisitsweng • Itekole fa o buisa, o lemoge le go tlhaloganya mafoko • Tlhaola/supa makaelagongwe le malatodi mangwe Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha: • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng go ya ka maemo a gago a puiso mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, barutwana botlhe ba buisa kgang e le nngwe e e tshwanang • Dirisa mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong, medumopuo le dikgono tsa tshekatsheko ya tiriso le popego fa o buisa Buisa ka thelelo e e oketsegang le ka go tlhagisa maikutlo CAPS 93
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa godimo • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisang buka le morutabana ba tlhaola tatelano ya ditiragalo le maitshetlego • Dirisa bokafantle jwa buka go bonelapele bokhutlo jwa kgang • Tlhagisa dikakanyo tsa gago ka ga se o se buisitsweng Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng go ya ka maemo a gago a puiso mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, barutwana botlhe ba buisa kgang e le nngwe e e tshwanang • Dirisa mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong, medumopuo, dikgono tsa tshekatsheko ya tiriso le popego fa a buisa Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisang buka le morutabana ba tlhaola tatelano ya ditiragalo le maitshetlego • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo setlhangweng se se buisitsweng (sk. “Go ne go tla diragala eng fa….”) • Ranola tshedimosetso go tswa mo mananeong a a bonolo jaaka alemanaka Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisetsa kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng go ya ka maemo a gago a puiso mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, barutwana botlhe ba buisa kgang e le nngwe e e tshwanang • Buisa ka thelelo e e oketsegang le go tlhagisa maikutlo Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Ipuisetse ka nosi: ditlhangwa tse dikhutshwane tsa ditiragalo tse di senang nnete le maboko 94 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 2 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 3 GO KWALA NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Ura e le 1 le metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 2 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo: Dithuto tse di tlhomameng gararo ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15. Barutwana ba tswelela ka go dirisa mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang fa ba kwala mme ba simolola go ithuta mofuta wa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng. Mofuta wa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng o tla laolwa ke pholisi ya mokwalo ya sekolo/porofense. Tshegetso ya mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang • Dirisa didiriswa tsa go kwala ka nonofo: phensele, raba le rula • Bopa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo ka nepagalo le lobelo le legolo ka nepo • Tshegetsa tshwano le tlhamalalo ya mokwalo mo meleng: bogolo jwa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo mo lefokong • Dirisa mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang mo mekgweng yotlhe ya go kwala Phetogo go ya kwa mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng • Kopolola le go kwala dipaterone tsa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng • Kopolola le go kwala bonnye ditlhaka di le pedi tsa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng mo bekeng (bogolo le tshwano) • Kopolola le go kwala mafoko ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng: ditlhaka tsa mafoko a le 2-3 jaaka: ke, le, yo , na, se, ma, fa, kae, mme, rre • Lemoga le go buisa mafoko a makhutshwane mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng Mokwalokopanelo ka ditlhopha le ka nosi: Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe/ ditlhopha tse dinnye di dirwa gabedi go ya gararo ka beke mo metsotsong e le 20. Dirisa ditirwana tsa mokwalokopanelo go bontsha dikgato tsa go kwala, ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala le go phasalatsa/tlhagisa. Neela barutwana letlhomeso la go kwala go ba thusa go ikwalela dikgang tse e leng tsa bona. • Tsaya karolo mo puisanong ya go tlhopha setlhogo se o tla kwalang ka ga sona • Kwala setlhangwa se se kgatlhisang jaaka karata ya pholo, posokarata jj. • Ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala le go phasalatsa/tlhagisa kgang e e leng ya gago ya bonnye dipolelo di le thataro • Kwala temana e le nngwe go ya go di le pedi (bonnye dipolelo di le robedi) ka ga maitemogelo a gago kgotsa ditiragalo • Dirisa matshwao a puiso a a nepagetseng (dikhutlo, diphegelwana, matshwao a potso le a tsiboso) gore ba bangwe ba kgone go buisa se o se kwadileng • Peleta mafoko a a tlwaelegileng ka nepagalo le go leka go peleta mafoko a o sa a itseng o dirisa kitso ya medumopuo • Dirisa pakajaanong, pakapheti le pakatlang ka nepagalo • Tlhaola le go dirisa maina le madiri ka nepagalo • Tlhaola le go dirisa maemedi ka nepagalo • Buisa le go buisana ka mokwalo o e leng wa gago le morutwana-ka-wena • Itlhamele lenaane la mafoko le thanodi e e leng ya gago CAPS 95
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Mokwalo • Dirisa didiriswa tsa go kwala ka nonofo: phensele, raba le rula Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo Tshegetso ya mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang • Bopa ditlhakakgolo le ditlhakannye ka nepagalo le ka lebelo le legolo ka nepo Phetogo go ya kwa mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng • Kopolola le go kwala dipaterone tsa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng • Kopolola le go kwala bonnye ditlhaka di le pedi tsa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng mo bekeng (bogolo le go tshwana) Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo Phetogo go ya kwa mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng • Kopolola le go kwala bonnye ditlhaka di le pedi tsa mokwalo o o kopaneng mo bekeng (bogolo le go tshwana) • Kopolola le go kwala dipolelo tse dikhutshwane mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng: mafoko a ditlhaka di le 2 le di le 3 jaaka: ke, le, yo, na, se, ma, fa, kae, mme, rre • Lemoga le go buisa mafoko a makhutshwane mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go kwala • Ikagela lenaane la mafoko le thanodi e e leng ya gago • Tlhaola le go dirisa maina le madiri ka nepagalo Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Kwala setlhangwa se se kgatlhisang jaaka: karata ya pholo, posokarata jj. • Kwala temana e le nngwe go ya go di le pedi (bonnye dipolelo di le robedi) ka ga maitemogelo a gago kgotsa ditiragalo • Peleta mafoko a a tlwaelegilng ka nepagalo le go leka go peleta mafoko a o sa a itseng o dirisa kitso ya medumopuo • Dirisa pakajaanong, pakapheti le pakatlang ka nepagalo Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong ka go tlhopha setlhogo se ba tla kwalang ka ga sona • Ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala le go phasalatsa/tlhagisa kgang e e leng ya gago ya bonnye dipolelo di le thataro mme o kwale setlhogo se se maleba • Dirisa matshwao a puiso ka nepagalo (dikhutlo, diphegelwana, matshwao a potso le a tsiboso) gore ba bangwe ba kgone go buisa se o se kwadileng • Tlhaola le go dirisa maemedi ka nepagalo • Buisa le go buisana ka ga mokwalo wa gago le morutwana-ka-wena 96 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 2 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 4 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOLO) NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako:Ura mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi/ tsa beke mo makaleng otlhe a Puo le dirutwa tse dingwe • Reetsa o sa tsene sebui ganong, o botsa dipotso go sedimosetswa mme o tshwaela mo go se o se utlwileng • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago le dikgang ka kakaretso. (sk. O bega dikgang o dirisa puo e e tlhalosang.) • Dirisa mareo jaaka leina, letlhaodi, lediri, leemedi, phegelwana, letshwao la puiso le temana fa o bua ka mokwalo o e leng wa gago • Tlhaloganya le go dirisa puo e e maleba ya dirutwa tse di farologaneng • Tshitsinya tharabololo ya bothata bogolo segolo ka nako ya serutwa sa Dipalo Ditirwana tse di totileng go reetsa le go bua gabedi mo bekeng Dibeke 1 - 5 • Reetsa ditaelo tse di tlhomaganeng, di raraane le go di tsibogela ka tshwanelo • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong o tshitsinya ditlhogo tsa puisano mme o botse dipotso tsa tshedimosetso le go dira pegelo ka tirwana ya setlhopha • Tsaya karolo mo motshamekong wa mafoko jaaka: agang ka ditlhaka • Dira metlae le go bolela/tlotla dithamalakwane o dirisa modumo le segalo se se maleba Dibeke 6 - 10= • Reetsa le go tsibogela sebui se o sa se boneng • Reetsa dintlha ka botlalo mo dikgannyeng le go araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo, sk. A o akanya go ne go mo siametse go…?) • Araba dipotso tse di bulegileng le go emelela karabo ya gago, sk. Goreng o re jalo? • Tlhagisa maikutlo ka ga setlhangwa o be o neele mabaka, sk. “E nkutlwisitse botlhoko ka gonne…” TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go reetsa le go bua: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Reetsa o sa tsene sebui ganong, o botse dipotso go sedimosetswa mme o tshwaele mo go se o se utlwileng • Dirisa mareo jaaka leina, letlhaodi, lediri, leemedi, phegelwana, letshwao la puiso le temana fa o bua ka mokwalo o e leng wa gago • Tshitsinya tharabololo ya bothata bogolo segolo ka nako ya serutwa sa Dipalo. • Tsaya karolo mo motshamekong wa mafoko jaaka: agang ka ditlhaka • Dira metlae le go bolela/tlotla dithamalakwane o dirisa modumo le segalo se se maleba • Araba dipotso tse di bulegileng mme o emelele karabo ya gago, sk. “Goreng o re jalo?” Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago le dikgang ka kakaretso. (sk. bega dikgang o dirise puo e e tlhalosang.) • Reetsa ditaelo tse di tlhomaganeng, di raraane le go di tsibogela ka tshwanelo • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong, o tlhagise ditlhogo tsa puisano le go botsa dipotso go nna le tshedimosetso le go neela pegelo ya tirwana ya ditlhopha • Reetsa dintlha ka botlalo mo dikgannyeng le go araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo, (sk. “A o akanya go ne go mo siametse go?”) • Tlhagisa maikutlo ka ga setlhangwa o bo o neele mabaka, sk. E nkutlwisitse botlhoko ka gonne…” CAPS 97
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 2 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 4 PUISO LE MEDUMOPUO NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Diura di le 4 le metsotso e le 30 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako:Diura di le 5 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa medumopuo tsa metsotso e le 15 Simolola pele ka go ruta ditumanosi tse di pataganeng le tse di dumisiwang mmogo ka nako e le nngwe. Netefatsa gore barutwana ba tlhaloganya mafoko a ba a dumisang le gore ba ka a dirisa go bopa dipolelo tse di nang le bokao. Kaela barutwana go dirisa kitso ya bona ya medumopuo go peleta mafoko a ba sa a itseng. • Lemoga bonnye ditumanosi di le tlhano tse dišwa tse di dumisiwang mmogo • Lemoga ditumanosi tse di dumisiwang mmogo ka nako e le nngwe mo lefokong (sk. ‘oa’ mo go ‘moago’, ‘eo’ mo go ‘leobu’) • Lemoga le go dirisa megatlana (sk. ng, ana, nyana) • Lemoga medumo e e sa utlwaleng mo mafokong, sk. ‘o’ wa bobedi mo go ‘Pooe’ ga a utlwale; ‘u’ wa bobedi mo go ‘thuu’ ga a utlwale, 'maaka' a wa bobedi ga a utlwale • Bopa mafoko o dirisa medumopuo e e rutilweng monongwaga. • Bopa dipolelo o dirise tlotlofoko ya medumopuo • Buisa mafoko mo dipolelong le mo ditlhangweng tse dingwe go tswa mo dithutong tsa medumopuo • Ithute go peleta mafoko a a le lesome ka beke go tswa mo dithutong tsa medumopuo le mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong • Kwala dipolelo di le pedi tse dikhutshwane tse morutabana a di bileditseng barutwana Ditirwana tsa go buisa tsa letsatsi le letsatsi: Puisokaelo (ditlhopha di le pedi ka letsatsi) le dinako tsa puisokopanelo di le pedi go ya go di le tharo mo bekeng) Puisokopanelo Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe di le 2-3 ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15 o dirisa bonnye setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng • Buisang maboko le dipina mo phaposing le morutabana (puisokopanelo) mme lo buisane ka dipopego tse di farologaneng le tlhotšho ya mafoko ya mmoki • Buisang dibuka tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete le tse e seng tsa nnete le morutabana • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tse di ikaegileng ka setlhangwa se se buisitsweng, sk. “Go ya ka kakanyo ya gago…” • Tlhagisa maikutlo a gore a o ratile kgang le go kgona go emelela tsibogo ya gago, sk. “Ga ke a natefelelwa ke kgang ka gonne…” • Tlhagisa maikutlo a gago ka ga ditshwantsho tsa mmedia jaaka lekwalodikgang, makasine, diphousetara le diphasalatso/ dipapatso, sk. “Ke ratile setshwantsho sa makasine thata ka gonne papatso e, e ntira….”) Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha di le pedi letsatsi lengwe le lengwe, a dirisa metsotso e le 15 le setlhopha sengwe le sengwe. Setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se dira le morutabana gabedi ka beke. • Buisetsa kwa godimo le ka setu go ya ka fa o kgonang ka teng go tswa mo dibukeng tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete le tse e seng tsa nnete, mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, barutwana botlhe ba buisa setlhangwa se se tshwanang • Dirisa mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong, dikgono tsa tshekatsheko ya tiriso le popego le tsa go tlhaloganya gore o itirele bokao • Buisa ka thelelo le lebelo le le oketsegang o dirise kapodiso/tumiso ya mafoko ka nepagalo • Dirisa ditogamaano tsa go ipaakanya fa o buisa: poeletso ya puiso, go ema nakwana, go ikatisa ka go buisa lefoko pele o le buisetsa kwa godimo 98 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 • Itekole fa o buisa, o lemoge le go tlhaloganya mafoko • Tswelela go bopa tlotlofoko e e nnang e le teng mo phaposiborutelong go tswa mo lenaneong la puiso e e sa rulaganyediwang, tlhatlhamano ya puiso e e lekanyeditsweng ka seemo le manaane a mafoko a a tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa Puiso ka ditlhopha kgotsa ka nosi Ditirwana tse di amanang le puiso ya letsatsi le letsatsi, tsa metsotso e le 20 fa ditlhopha tse dingwe di dira puisokaelo le morutabana. • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa godimo • Buisa ka nosi mo maemong a a raraaneng, o buisetse go ijesa monate kgotsa tshedimosetso go tswa mo ditlhangweng tse di farologaneng: dibuka tse di tshegisang, dibuka tse di bonolo tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete le tse e seng tsa nnete • Tshameka metshameko ya go buisa jaaka, go buisa ditomino le go feleletsa malepa a mafoko go gatelela dikgono tsa go buisa le tsa tlotlofoko. TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Lemoga le go dirisa megatlana (sk. ng, -ana) • Bopa polelo o dirisa tlotlofoko ya medumopuo • Buisa mafoko mo dipolelong le mo ditlhangweng tse dingwe go tswa mo dithutong tsa medumopuo Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/ go kwala) • Lemoga bonnye ditumanosi di le tlhano tse di pataganeng tse di dumisiwang mmogo ka nako e le nngwe (sk: ’oa’ mo go, moago, ‘eo’ mo go leobu) • Lemoga ditumanosi tse di pataganeng tse di dumisiwang mmogo ka nako e le nngwe e utlwala jaaka modumo o le mongwe (sk: ’oa’ mo go, moago, ‘eo’ mo go leobu) • Bopa mafoko o dirise medumopuo e o e rutilweng mo gare ga ngwaga Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Puiso: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo= • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo setlhangweng se a se buisitseng, sk. “Go ya ka kakanyo ya gago…?” • Tlhagisa maikutlo a gore a o ratile kgang le gore o kgona go emelela tsibogo ya gago, sk. “Ga ke a natefelelwa ke kgang ka gonne…”) Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha: • Dirisa ditogamaano tsa go ipaakanya fa a buisa: poeletso ya puiso, go ema nakwana, go ikatisa ka go buisa lefoko pele a le buisetsa kwa godimo). • Itekole fa o buisa, o lemoge le go tlhaloganya mafoko Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa godimo Tirwana 1 ya Tlhotlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisa dibuka tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete le tse e seng tsa nnete le morutabana • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo setlhangweng se a se buisitseng, sk. “Go ya ka kakanyo ya gago…?” • Tlhagisa maikutlo a gago mo ditshwantshong tsa mmedia o o gatisitsweng jaaka lekwalodikgang, ditshwantsho tsa makasine, diphousetara le diphasalatso: sk. “Ke ratile setshwantsho sa makasine go gaisa ka gonne papatso e, e ntira…”) CAPS 99
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 • Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisetsa kwa godimo le ka setu go ya ka fa o kgonang ka teng o dirise dibuka tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete le tse e seng tsa nnete mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana • Dirisa mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong, dikgono tsa tshekatsheko ya tiriso le popego le tsa go tlhaloganya; gore o itirele bokao • Buisa ka thelelo e e oketsegang le lebelo, a kapodisa/ dumisa mafoko ka nepagalo Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisa ka nosi mo maemong a a raraaneng, o buisetse go ijesa monate kgotsa tshedimosetso go tswa mo ditlhangweng tse di farologaneng: dibuka tse di tshegisang, dibuka tse di bonolo tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete le tse e seng tsa nnete 100 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 2 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 4 GO KWALA NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Ura e le 1 le metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 2 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo: Dithuto tse di tlhomameng gararo ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15 Barutwana ba tswelela go dirisa mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang fa ba kwala mme ba simolola go ithuta mofuta wa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng. Mofuta wa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng o tla laolwa ke pholisi ya mokwalo ya sekolo/ porofense. Go babalela mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang • Dirisa didiriswa tsa go kwala ka nonofo: phensele, raba le rula • Babalela tiriso ya mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang fa o kwala. Phetogo go ya kwa mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng • Kopolola le go kwala bonnye ditlhaka di le pedi tsa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng mo bekeng, gore fa kgweditharo e fela o be o feditse ditlhaka tsotlhe • Kopolola le go kwala mafoko a makhutshwane ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng • Kopolola le go kwala ditlhakakgolo tse di tlwaelegileng ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng (sk. A, E, H, I, M, O, S, T, W, Y) • Kwala le go kopolola dipolelo tse dikhutshwane ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng Mokwalokopanelo, ka ditlhopha le ka nosi: Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe/ ditlhopha tse dinnye di dirwa ga 2-3 ka beke mo metsotsong e le 20 di agelela le go gokagana le puisokopanelo. Dirisa ditirwana tsa mokwalokopanelo go bontsha barutwana tiriso e e siameng ya matshwao a puiso, mopeleto le thutapuo (dipaka, bongwe le bontsi). Neela barutwana letlhomeso go ba thusa go kwala resepi le go rulaganya tshedimosetso mo tšhateng/papetlaneng. Ba bontshe gore thanodi e e bonolo e dirisiwa jang, o tlhalosa tatelano ya dialefabete. • Tsaya karolo mo puisanong le go nna le seabe mo go neeleng dikakanyo tsa gago • Lekelela ka mafoko: o kwale leboko kgotsa pina e e bonolo • Kwala bonnye ditemana di le pedi (dipolelo di le lesome) ka ga maitemogelo a gago kgotsa ditiragalo tse di jaaka keteko ya moletlo wa ba losika • Ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala le go phasalatsa/tlhagisa kgang e e leng ya gago ya bonnye ditemana di le pedi, o dirise puo e e jaaka “ga twe e rile, ka letsatsi le lengwe” le “kwa bokhutlong” • Rulaganya tshedimosetso mo tšhateng kgotsa mo papetlaneng • Dirisa dipopego tsa tshedimosetso jaaka fa o kwala diresepi • Tlhomaganya setlhangwa o dirise mafoko a tshwana le ‘sa ntlha’, ‘latelang’, le ‘la bofelo/kwa bokhutlong’ • Dirisa matshwao a a nepagetseng a puiso (dikhutlo, diphegelwana, matshwao a potso le matshwao a tsiboso) gore ba bangwe ba kgone go buisa se o se kwadileng • Peleta mafoko a a tlwaelegileng ka nepagalo le go leka go peleta mafoko a o sa a itseng o dirisa kitso ya medumopuo • Dirisa pakajaanong, pakapheti, le pakatlang ka nepagalo • Aga lenaane la mafoko le thanodi e e leng ya gago • Dirisa thanodi go lebelela bokao le mopeleto wa mafoko CAPS 101
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Mokwalo Go babalela mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang • Dirisa didiriswa tsa go kwala ka nonofo: phensele, raba le rula • Babalela tiriso ya mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang fa o kwala Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo Phetogo go ya kwa mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng • Kopolola le go kwala bonnye ditlhaka tse pedi tsa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng mo bekeng gore fa kgweditharo e fela, o be o feditse ditlhaka tsotlhe. • Kopolola le go kwala mafoko a makhutshwane mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng • Kopolola le go kwala ditlhakakgolo tse di tlwaelegileng ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng (sk. A, E, H, I, M, O, S, T, W, Y) • Kopolola le go kwala dipolelo tse dikhutshwane ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Mokwalo: • Lekelela ka mafoko: o kwale leboko kgotsa pina e e bonolo • Ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala le go phasalatsa/tlhagisa kgang e e leng ya gago ya bonnye ditemana di le pedi, o dirise puo e e jaaka “ga twe e rile, ka letsatsi le lengwe” le “kwa bofelong” • Dirisa matshwao a a nepagetseng a puiso (dikhutlo, diphegelwana, matshwao a potso, matshwao a tsiboso) gore ba bangwe ba kgone go buisa se o se kwadileng • Peleta mafoko a a tlwaelegilng ka nepagalo le go leka go peleta mafoko a o sa a itseng o dirise kitso ya medumopuo • Dirisa pakajaanong, pakapheti, le pakatlang ka nepagalo • Aga lenaane la mafoko le thanodi e e leng ya gago Tirwana ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Kwala bonnye ditemana di le pedi (dipolelo di le lesome) ka ga maitemogelo a gago kgotsa ditiragalo tse di jaaka keteko ya moletlo wa ba losika • Rulaganya tshedimosetso mo tšhateng kgotsa mo papetlaneng • Dirisa dipopego tsa tshedimosetso jaaka fa o kwala diresepi • Tlhomaganya setlhangwa o dirise mafoko a tshwana le “sa ntlha”, “latelang” le “la bofelo/kwa bokhutlong” • Dirisa matshwao a a nepagetseng a puiso (dikhutlo, diphegelwana, matshwao a potso, matshwao a tsiboso) gore ba bangwe ba kgone go buisa se o se kwadileng • Peleta mafoko a a tlwaelegilng ka nepagalo le go leka go peleta mafoko a o sa a itseng o dirisa kitso ya medumopuo • Dirisa pakajaanong, pakapheti, le pakatlang ka nepagalo 102 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 DITLHANGWA/METSWEDI E E ATLANEGISITSWENG MO NGWAGENG GO REETSA LE GO BUA • Ditshwantsho le diphousetara • Dilwana tse di tsamaisanang le dithitokgang le setlhogo, ditshosa le bommamatlhwane jj. • Manathwana a boto ya dikgang le malepatshwantsho • Ditshwantsho tse di tla latelanngwang • Diaparo tsa maitirelo go diragatsa metshameko e e etsisang le ditirwana tsa molomo • Didiriswa tsa mmino • DiCD kgotsa ditheipi tse di nang le dikgang, maboko, ditheneketso/diraeme le dipina, setshameka diCD kgotsa segatisamantswe, ditheipi tsa thelebišene le tsa bidio/diDVD • Dibuka tsa dikgang le dikgang tse di anelwang ka molomo GO BUISA LE MEDUMOPUO • Ditshwantsho le diphousetara • Ditšhate tsa lebota tsa medumopuo • Dibuka tsa puiso tse di tlhophilweng ka seemo • Dibukakgolo - tse dingwe di dirilwe ka nako ya puisokopanelo. • Ditlhangwa dingwe tse di atobokafantletsweng jaaka maboko, dipina le ditheneketso jj • Dibuka tsa dikgang, tsa dibuka tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete le tsa ditshwantsho go dirisediwa sekhutlwana sa go buisa sa mo phaposiborutelong • Dikgang tse di tlhabolotsweng ka nako ya mokwalokopanelo • Mantuntuletso, maboko le dipina • Dibuka tse dikhutshwane tse di itumedisang tse di nang le dipolelo di le 1-2 mo tsebeng, go dirisediwa sekhutlwana sa go buisa sa phaposiborutelo • Matshwao a dikarata tsa maina go tshwaya didiriswa tsa phaposi, dilo tse di bontshiwang le mafoko a a nnang a le teng mo phaposiborutelong • Dikarata tsa maina a barutwana • Disupi go dirisiwa fa ba buisa ditlhangwa tse di godisitsweng, dikgang tsa lebota le dilo tse di bontshiwang • Ditshwantsho, malepa a mafoko le metshameko • Makwalodikgang le dimakasine GO KWALA LE MOKWALO • Didiriswa tsa go kwala jaaka: diphensele, diphensele tsa mebala, dikheraeyone tsa mafura, pampiri e e sa kwalelang ka bogolo jo bo farologaneng ( A3,A4,A5), rula, raba, dibuka tsa go kwalela tse di thaletsweng tsa 17mm/ 8.5mm, dibuka tse di kwalelang tse di lolea • Dikgemetšhana tsa dipolelo le tsa go kwalela kgotsa ditšhate tse di lekanang le tafole ya barutwana go kwalela mokwalo o o sa tshwaragang le o o tshwaraganeng • Tšhate le dipene tsa khokhi tse dikima • Dithanodi • Dithanodi tse di bonolo tsa barutwana CAPS 103
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 3.4 MOPHATO 3 MOPHATO 3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO YA 1 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG Bogolo jwa nako: Metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bonye jwa nako: Ura mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le tsa beke mo dikarolwaneng tsa thuto ya puisokwalo le dirutwa tse dingwe • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago a botshelo. Sekao, o tlotle dikgang o thadisa maikutlo le kakanyo • Reetsa kwa ntle ga go tsenwa gare, o supe tlotlo fa sebui se bua le go refosana go bua • Dirisa puo e e maleba fa o bua le ditsala tsa gago le bagolo, o lemoge mokgwa o barutwana ba dirisang puo ka teng mo phaposing (sk. o bolelele batsadi ka mokgwa o kgwele e thubileng letlhabaphefo ka teng le go bolelela ditsala kgang yona eo.) Go totiwa ditirwana tsa go reetsa le go bua gabedi mo bekeng Dibeke 1 - 5 • Reetsa tatelano ya ditaelo tse di raraaneng (bonnye di le 4) le go di tsibogela ka tshwanelo • Reetsa dintlha tsa botlhokwa tsa kgang, araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo, sekao, “A o akanya gore setlhogo se ke sona se se tshwanelang kgang e? Ke goreng o re jalo?” • Botsa dipotso go tlhaloganya o be o tshwaela ka se o se utlwileng, sekao, “A tota seo se diragetse? Jaanong o dirile eng?” • Tlhagisa maikutlo ka ga setlhangwa o be o neele mabaka, sekao, “Ke akanya gore mokwadi a ka bo a neetse bokhutlo jwa boitumelo mo kgannyeng. Ntšwa e, e lekile ka thata gore e sutlhe” Dibeke 6 - 10 • Nna le seabe mo dipuisanong, o botse dipotso, supa masisi mo ditshwaelong le mo maikutlong a ba bangwe • Araba dipotso le go neela mabaka a karabo e o e neetseng, sekao, “Ee, ke akanya gore setlhogo se bolelela mmuisi ka se kgang e leng ka ga sona. TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang Go reetsa le go bua: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Reetsa kwa ntle ga go tsenwa gare o supe tlotlo fa sebui se bua le go refosana go bua • Tlhagisa maikutlo ka ga setlhangwa o be o neele mabaka, sekao, “Ke akanya gore mokwadi a ka bo a neetse bokhutlo jwa boitumelo mo kgang. Ntšwa e, e lekile ka thata go sutlha. • Nna le seabe mo dipuisanong, o botse dipotso, supa masisi mo ditshwaelong le maikutlo a ba bangwe Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago a botshelo. Sekao, tlotla dikgang o tlhagisa maikutlo le dikakanyo) • Reetsa tatelano e e raraaneng ya ditaelo (bonnye di le 4) le go di tsibogela ka tshwanelo • Reetsa dintlhakgolo tsa botlhokwa mo kgannyeng, araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo, sekao, “A o akanya gore setlhogo se ke sona se se siameng mo kgannyeng e? Ke goreng o re jalo?” 104 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 1 PUISO LE MEDUMOPUO NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 4 metsotso e le 30 mo bekeng Bonnye jwa nako: Diura di le 5 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa medumopuo di dirwa gararo mo bekeng mo metsotsong e le 15. Boeletsa medumo ya noko e le nngwe le ditumammogo le ditumanosi tse di pataganeng tse di emelang modumo o le mongwe tse di rutilweng mo Mophato 2. Tlhalosa mosola wa ditlhaka tsa alefabete mo mafokong a a farologaneng, o etse tlhoko medumo e e farologaneng e e emetsweng ke tlhaka kgotsa ditlhaka tse di tshwanang, sekao, n mo go nama (nama ya nku) kgotsa n mo go nama (go nama maoto). Dira ka popo ya mafoko le ditirwana tsa temogo ka gangwe. Dirisa ditšhono go boeletsa medumo e e dirisitsweng mo ditirwaneng tse dingwe tsa puo. Sekao, mo puisokopanelong le mokwalokopanelo. Dirisa medumo go bopa mafoko a a tla peletiwang mo ngwageng otlhe. • Supa kamano ya modumo wa tlhaka le leina la tlhaka ya ditlhakanngwe • Lemoga ditumammogo tse di pataganeng tse di dumisiwang mmogo (tl, th, kg, ng) mo tshimologong le mo bokhutong jwa mafoko (th - tha-ga; ng-se-kgwe-ng; tlh - tlha-ge-ng; kg- kgo-ro-ng) • Lemoga ditumanosi tse di pataganeng tse di emelang modumo o le mongwe tse di rutilweng mo Mophato 2., Sk. ‘oa’, ‘ea’, ‘ee’, • Lemoga gore medumo mengwe e ka emelwa ke tlhopho ya mepeleto e e farologaneng, sekao: podi le pula • Lemoga medumo e e sa utlwaleng mo mafokong, sk. ‘o’ wa bobedi mo go ‘Pooe’ ga a utlwale; ‘u’ wa bobedi mo go ‘thuu’ ga a utlwale 'maaka' a wa bobedi ga a utlwale • Lemoga le go dirisa mafoko a a rumang mmogo mo dinokong sk. noka, roka, leka • Bopa mafoko a a nang le ditlhaka di le 3, 4, 5 o dirisa ditumammogo le ditumanosi tsa ditlhaka tse di pataganeng tse di dumisiwang mmogo tse di rutilweng mo kgweditharong e. • Kgaoganya ditlhaka le mafoko ka tatelano ya dialefabete • Peleta mafoko ka nepo o dirisa kitso ya medumopuo • Ithute go peleta mafoko a le lesome mo bekeng go tswa mo thutong ya medumopuo le tlotlofoko • Kwala dipolelo di le tharo tse dikhutshwane tse o di bilediwang ke morutabana Ditirwana tsa puiso tsa letsatsi le letsatsi Puisokopanelo ka ditlhopha Dithuto tsa phaposi yotlhe di dirwa gabedi go ya gararo mo bekeng mo metsotsong e le 15 o dirisa bonnye setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng: morutabana a bontshe barutwanadikgato le barutwana botlhe. Kamuso nngwe le nngwe ya puisokopanelo, e tla nna le ntlha ya thuto e e totilweng go tswa mo go tse di latelang: dikgopolo ka ga mokwalo, diponagalo tsa setlhangwa, medumopuo, dipopego tsa puo, maano a go supa mafoko le go tlhaloganya go ya ka magato a a farologaneng - tshedimosetso ka tlhamalalo, thulaganyo sešwa, go itseela tshwetso, tlhatlhobo le kgatlhegelo. Dira sekao sa togamaano sa menwana e le metlhano mo monwana o mongwe le o mongwe o ka dirisiwang go emela togamaano e mmuisi a ka e dirisang go bona gore a ka buisa jang lefoko le le sa itsiweng le bokao jwa lona: barutwana ba netefatsa ka go botsa gore a lefoko le ba le ‘rarabololang’ le duma sentle, le lebega sentle le go tlhaloganyesega sentle. Simolola go ruta barutwana dikgato tse fa ba kopana le mafoko a ba sa a itseng. Puisokopanelo • Dirisa metlhala ya pono go bua ka ga setlhangwa sa ditshwantsho, sekao, leba setshwantsho mme lo tlotle ka seo se buang ka ga sona le gore se tserwe go tswa mo motsweding ofe. • Buisa ditlhangwa tse di godisitsweng tse di jaaka maboko, dibuka tse dikgolo, diphousetara le ditlhangwa tsa seileketeroniki/tsa khomphiuthara le barutwana botlhe (puisokopanelo). • Barutwana botlhe ba buisa buka le morutabana (puisokopanelo) mme ba tlhalosa ntlhakgolo le baanelwabagolo CAPS 105
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 • Buisa ditaelo mo phaposing • Buisa maboko a a farologaneng mo setlhogong le go buisana ka ga ona • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo pele, ka nako le morago ga puiso ya setlhangwa sa kopanelo (sk. o nagana gore go tla diragala eng, ke eng o rialo) gore a setlhangwa se maleba le go neela dikarabo • Lemoga matshwao a ditsejwana go bontsha puosebui mo mokwalong wa kgang • Lemoga manalana mo tlogelong o bontsha thui le khutshwafatso, jaaka, ‘fatshe boemong jwa lefatshe Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha Morutabana o dira ka ditlhopha tse pedi letsatsi le letsatsi, o nna metsotso e le 15 le setlhopha sengwe le sengwe. Setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se dira le morutabana gabedi ka beke. Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha tsa barutwana tse di nang le bokgoni jo bo tshwanang, a nyalanya barutwana le ditlhangwa mo legatong la go ba ruta (a dirise ditlhangwa tse di bonolo go na le tse di dirisitsweng mo puisokopanelong ka temogo ya mafoko a a nepagetseng a a fetang 95% fa a buisa setlhangwa) Tlhatlhamano ya thulaganyo ya puiso e tla dirisiwa thata.) • Buisa ka setu le kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo puisokaelo ka ditlhopha le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e le nngwe mo kgatong ya puisokaelo le setlhopha. • Dirisa medumopuo, mo bokaong jwa dikgono tsa temogo ya popego ya mafoko fa ba buisa ka setu le kwa godimo. • Dirisa ditogamaano tsa go itshiamisa fa o buisa: go buisa gape, go kgaotsa le go ikatisa go bua lefoko pele ga ba le buela kwa godimo • Bontsha go tlhaloganya matshwao puiso (khutlo, letshwao la potso, letshwao la tsiboso, letshwao la ditsejwana) fa o buisetsa kwa godimo. Puiso ka Bobedi kgotsa ka nosi Itsise puiso ka bobedi/ka nosi. Tlhopha ditlhangwa tse di itsiweng kgotsa tse di mo maemong a puiso a morutwana ka nosi (a dirise ditlhangwa tse di bonolo go na le tse di dirisitsweng mo puisokopanelong ka temogo ya mafoko a a nepagetseng a a fetang 95% fa a buisa setlhangwa) • Buisa ka bowena • Tshameka motshameko wa puiso le go feleletsa malepa a mafoko go tlaleletsa puiso le bokgoni jwa tlotlofoko. TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Lemoga gore medumo mengwe e ka emelwa ke tlhopho ya mepeleto e e farologaneng, sekao: podi le pula • Lemoga le go dirisa mafoko a a rumang mmogo sk. noka, roka, leka • Bopa mafoko a a nang le ditumammogo le ditumanosi tsa ditlhaka tse di pataganeng di le 3, 4, 5 le go feta sk. tau, mosi,moagi jj. Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) • Supa kamano ya modumo wa tlhaka le leina la tlhaka mo ditlhakengnngwe • Lemoga ditumammogo tse di pataganeng tse di dumisiwang mmogo (tl, th, kg, ng) mo tshimologong le mo bofelong jwa mafoko (tha-ga, se-kgwe-ng) • Lemoga ditumanosi tse di pataganeng tse di dumisiwang mmogo tse di rutilweng mo Mophato 2 (sk. oa, ea, ee, ei) • Lemoga ditlhaka tse di sa utlwaleng/dumisiweng mo mafokong ke gore: u wa bobedi mo go thuu; o wa bobedi mo go Pooe, jj Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisang ditlhangwa tse di godisitsweng tse di jaaka maboko, dibuka tse dikgolo, diphousetara le ditlhangwa tsa seileketeroniki le morutabana • Buisa ditaelo mo phaposing Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisetsa kwa godimo le ka setu go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo puisokaelong ka ditlhopha le morutabana, ke gore, ditlhopha tsotlhe di buisa setlhangwa se se tshwanang go ya ka maemo a puiso le go rutiwa ga setlhopha. • Itekole fa o buisa, o lemoge le go tlhaloganya mafoko 106 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng : Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) Puisokopanelo • Dirisa metlhala ya pono go bua ka ga setlhangwa sa ditshwantsho, sekao, leba setshwantsho mme lo tlotle ka seo se buang ka ga sona le gore se tserwe go tswa mo motsweding ofe. • Buisang buka le morutabana (puisokopanelo) mme lo tlhalose kgangkgolo le baanelwabagolo • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo pele, ka nako ya puiso le fa morago ga puiso ya setlhangwa se se kopanetsweng, sekao, “O akanya gore go tla diragala eng morago ga fa? Ke goreng fa o re jalo?” Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisetsa kwa godimo mo legatong la gago ka nosi mo setlhopheng sa puisokopanelo, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e le nngwe e e ikaegileng ka maemo a go buisa le go rutiwa a setlhopha. • Dirisa bokgoni jwa go tlhaloganya kgotsa go ranola mafoko a a sa tlwaelegang ka go dirisa medumo, bokao mo tirisong le tshekatsheko ya popego ya mafoko go a tlhaloganya CAPS 107
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 1 GO KWALA NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG Bonnye jwa nako: Ura le metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 2 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo: Dithuto tse di tlhomameng di dirwa ga 3 ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15 Le fa dithuto tsa mokwalo di tla tota go ikatisa ka go kwala ditlhaka tse di emeng ka nosi le mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng, barutwana ba santse ba ka dirisa mokwalokgatiso go fitlha kwa bofelong jwa kgweditharo ya bobedi. Mofuta wa mokwalokgatiso kgotsa o o tshwaraganeng, o tla itsisiwe ke pholisi ya sekolo/porofense ya gore go kwalwa jang. • Bopa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng le go simolola go tshwaraganya ditlhaka tse di farologaneng le go aga mafoko mo mokwalong o o tlhophilweng o o tshwaraganeng • Dirisa didiriswa tsa go kwala ka nepo (sk. phensele, raba, rula) • Kwala mafoko a makhutshwane ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng • Tsenya diphatlha mo go maleba mo mafokong a a mo moleng • Kwala polelo sentle le ka nepo mo mokwalokgatisong le mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng Mokwalokopanelo wa ditlhopha le wa morutwana tse dinnye di dirwe gabedi go ya gararo ka beke. Dirisa ditirwana tsa mokwalokopanelo go bontsha tiriso e e nepagetseng ya matshwaopuiso, mopeleto le thutapuo (dipaka, bontsi jj.) Ba neele letlhomeso la go kwala go ba thusa go kwala kgang kgotsa tlhaloso mme o ba kaele ka dikgato tsa thulaganyo ya go kwala. Barutwana ba simolola go itirela dithanodi tsa bona. • Tshwantsha ditshwantsho le go kwala dipolelo go bontsha fa o tlhaloganya kgang • Kwala ditaelo (sk. go tsala) • Abelana ka dikakanyo, mafoko le dipolelo mo kgannyeng ya mo phaposing (mokwalokopanelo) • Dirisa ditshwantsho go tlhopha setlhogo se o kwalang ka sona • Tlotla le tsala ya gago go simolola go ipaakanyetsa go kwala • Botsa dipotso go thusa go ranola tiro ya go kwala • Kwala bonnye temana e le nngwe ya dipolelo di le robedi (jaaka. dikgang tsa gago, kgang ya boitlhamedi, tlhaloso ya tiragalo kgotsa tekelelo) • Kwala le go thadisa dipolelo ka setlhogo, go nna le seabe mo bukeng ya laeborari ya phaposi • Kwala mafoko go dira dipolelo o dirisa ditlhakakgolo, khutlo, letshwao la potso, phegelwana, letshwao la tsiboso le letshwao la ditsejwana • Dirisa kitso ya medumopuo le melao ya mopeleto go kwala mafoko a a sa tlwaelegang • Dirisa pakajaanong, pakapheti le pakatlang ka tshwanelo • Dirisa tumelano ya sediri le lediri ka tshwanelo • Itlhamela lenaane le thanodi ya mafoko o dirise tlhaka e e simololang lefoko jaaka apole, buka, dira, ema, jj. 108 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo tse di sa tlhomamang: Mokwalo • Dirisa didiriswa tsa go kwala ka nepo, sk: diphensele, raba le rula • Tsenya diphatlha tse di maleba mo mafokong Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng Mokwalo • Bopa ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng, le go simolola go tshwaraganya ditlhaka tse di farologaneng go bopa mafoko mo mokwalong o o tlhophilweng o o tshwaraganeng • Kwala mafoko a makhutshwane ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng • Kwala polelo sentle le ka nepo ka mokwalokgatiso le mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo tse di sa tlhomamang: Go kwala • Thala ditshwantsho le go kwala dipolelo go bontsha fa o tlhaloganya kgang • Kwala ditaelo (sk.go tsala) • Abelana ka dikakanyo, mafoko le dipolelo mo kgannyeng ya mo phaposing (mokwalokopanelo) • Dirisa tumelano ya sediri le lediri ka tshwanelo • Itlhamele lenaane la mafoko le thanodi o dirise tlhaka e e simololang lefoko jaaka apole, buka, dira, ema jj. Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go Kwala • Kwala bonnye temana e le nngwe e e nang le dipolelo di le robedi ka dikgang tsa gago, kgang ya boitlhamedi, tlhaloso ya tiragalo nngwe/tekelelo, jj. • Kwala mafoko go dira dipolelo o dirise ditlhakakgolo, khutlo, letshwao la potso, phegelwana, letshwao la tsiboso le letshwao la ditsejwana • Dirisa kitso ya medumopuo le melao ya mopeleto go kwala mafoko a a sa tlwaelegang • Dirisa pakajaanong, pakapheti le pakatlang ka tshwanelo CAPS 109
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 2 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG Bonnye jwa nako:Metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Ura mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le tsa beke mo dithutong tsotlhe tsa Puo le tse dingwe • Reetsa le go tsibogela radio, inthakhomo, dikitsiso le ditaelo • Tlotla ka ditiragalo tsa maitemogelo a gago jaaka go tlotla dikgang o tlhagise maikutlo le dikakanyo tsa gago • Reetsa dikgang, maboko le dipina le go tlhagisa maikutlo ka ga kgang, maboko kgotsa dipina o neela mabaka • Ka tshegetso ya morutabana, bonelapele se se tla diragalang mo kgannyeng, sekao, “Leba setlhogo le bokafantle jwa buka. O akanya go ya go diragala eng tota?” • Batla lebaka le tatelano mo kgannyeng o dirise mafoko a a kopanyang polelo jaaka ‘ka gonne’ sekao, “ Bana ba wetse kwa tlase mo borogong ka gonne…” • Dirisa puo go batlisisa le go utulola mabaka jaaka ka go tshitsinya mafoko a a refosanang, sekao, “Ke akanya gore go ne go ka nna…”, “ fa go le jalo…go…” • Botsa dipotso go batla tlhaloso, go rulaganya le go bona tshedimosetso ka ga tirwana • Sekaseka, tshwantshanya le go bapisa tshedimosetso jaaka mekgwa ya go ja ya bana le ya ditshwene. • Tlhaloganya le go dirisa puo e e maleba ya dirutwa tse di farologaneng jaaka puo ya Dikgono tsa Botshelo. • Tshitsinya tharabololo ya mathata bogolo jang mo serutwang sa Dipalo Ditirwana tse di totileng go reetsa le go bua - gabedi beke le beke Dibeke 1 - 3 • Reetsa ditaelo tse di marara thata (bonnye di le 5) le go di tsibogela ka nepagalo • Nna le seabe mo tlhagisong ya molomo, sekao: “Bontsha o bue” - tlhalosa le go tshwantsha selo.) Dibeke 4 - 6 • Reetsa dikgang tse di buisiwang ke morutabana kgotsa di tswang mo radiong sebaka se seleele o ntse o na le kgatlhego • Tlotla kgang e e nang le poloto e e bonolo le baanelwa ba ba farologaneng Dibeke 7 - 10 • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong tsa mo phaposing le mo ditlhopheng, tshitsinya setlhogo le go nna le seabe mo go neeleng dikakanyo • Tlotla ka dikgang ka kakaretso o tlhagise maikutlo le dikakanyo • Go reetsa le go tlhama dithamalakwane le metlae. TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go reetsa le go bua: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Reetsa le go tsibogela radio, inthakhomo, dikitsiso le ditaelo • Tlotla ka dikgang ka kakaretso o bontshe maikutlo le dikakanyo • Reetsa le go tlhama dithamalakwane le metlae • Dirisa puo go batlisisa le go utulola mabaka. Tshitsinya mabaka a a ka refosanang le a a leng teng jaaka “Ke akanya gore go ne go ka …”, “ fa go le jalo…go ka …” • Botsa dipotso go batla tlhaloso, go rulaganya tiro le go bona tshedimosetso ka ga ditirwana • Sekaseka, tshwantshanya le go bapisa tshedimosetso jaaka mekgwa ya go ja ya bana le ya ditshwene • Tlhaloganya le go dirisa puo e e maleba ya dirutwa tse di farologaneng jaaka puo ya Dikgono tsa Botshelo. • Tshitsinya tharabololo ya mathata bogolo jang mo serutwang sa Dipalo 110 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng Go reetsa le Go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Reetsa ditaelo tse di marara (bonnye di le 5) le go di tsibogela ka nepagalo • O nne le seabe mo tlhagisong ya molomo, sekao: o ‘bua o be o bontshe’, tlhalosa le go tshwantsha selo Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Reetsa dikgang tse di buisiwang ke morutabana kgotsa tsa mo radiong sebaka se seleele o ntse o na le kgatlhego • Tlotla kgang e khutshwane e e nang le poloto e e bonolo le baanelwa ba ba farologaneng Tirwana 3 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya motlotlo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong tsa mo phaposing le mo ditlhopheng o tshitsinye setlhogo le go nna le seabe mo go tlhagiseng dikakanyo • Reetsa kgang, maboko le dipina le go tlhagisa maikutlo ka ga kgang, maboko kgotsa dipina o neele mabaka • Ka tshegetso ya morutabana, o bonelepele se se tla diragalang mo kgang • Batla lebaka le tatelano mo kgang o dirise mafoko a a kopanyang dipolelo a a jaaka ‘ka gonne’, sekao. “Bana ba wetse kwa tlase mo borogong ka gonne…” CAPS 111
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 2 PUISO LE MEDUMOPUO NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG Bonnye jwa nako: Diura di le 4 le metsotso e le 30 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 5 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa modumopuo di dirwa gararo ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15: Itsise ditumanosi tse di pataganeng tse dišwa mme o kaele barutwana go lemoga gore modumo o o rileng o ka emelwa ke ditlhaka tse di kopaneng tse di farologaneng. Netefatsa gore barutwana ba tlhaloganya lefoko le ba le dumisang e bile ba kgona go bopa polelo ka lona ka nepo. Dirisa medumo go aga/bopa lenaneo la mopeleto. • Lemoga gore medumo mengwe e ka emelwa ke tlhopho ya mepeleto e e farologaneng, sekao: podi le pula • Lemoga gore medumo e e dumisiwang mmogo e bopiwa jang, sk. tl; tlh, ph • Lemoga gore mopeleto o o tshwanang o ka emela modumo o o farologaneng: sk. noka [noka e a tshologa]; [Mme o tshwerwe ke noka] • Dirisa mafoko a a kapodisiwang/dumisiwang ka go tshwana mo dipolelong tse di kwadilweng mme a na le bokao jo bo farologaneng (makwalotshwano) sekao: Nama mo go: Mme o ja nama / Nama maoto • Bopa mafoko o dirise dikgono tsa medumopuo tse o di rutilweng monongwaga • Peleta mafoko ka nepo o dirise kitso ya medumopuo mo ditekong tse di sa tlhomamang, mo piletsong le mo ditirong tsotlhe tse di kwalwang Ditirwana tsa go buisa tsa letsatsi le letsatsi: Puisokaelo ka ditlhopo (ditlhopha di le pedi ka letsatsi) le dipaka di le 2-3 tsa puisokaelo mo bekeng Puisokopanelo Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe di dirwa ga 2 - 3 ka beke, metsotso e le 15 go dirisiwa bonnye setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng; morutabana o bontsha barutwana botlhe dikgato mo phaposing. Akaretsa ditlhangwa tsa ditshwantsho le tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete mo kgweditharong e. • Buisang ditlhangwa tse di godisitsweng tse di jaaka maboko, dibuka tse dikgolo, diphousetara le ditlhangwa tsa mo khomphiuthareng le morutabana (Puisokopanelo) • Dirisa metlhala ya pono go supa maitlhomo a dipapatso le babogedi ba ba maleba • Buisang mmogo mo phaposing le morutabana (puisokopanelo) mme lo buisane ka tatelano ya ditiragalo, maitshetlego le kamano ya lebaka le tatelano • Dirisa tshedimosetso go tswa mo ditlhangweng tsa dithalo (sk. go tsamaya mo tikologong ya sekolo o latela dikaelo tsa mmepe) • Batla le go dirisa metswedi ya tshedimosetso jaaka ditokololo tsa mo motseng, mo dibukeng tsa kwa laeboraring) • Ba dirisa mananeo a diteng, tshupane le nomore ya tsebe go batla tshedimosetso • Dirisa mafoko a a botlhokwa le ditlhogo go batla tshedimosetso mo dikwalong tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete • Araba mefuta e e farologaneng ya dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo setlhangweng se o se buisitseng, sekao: “o ka tlhalosa jang maitsholo a ga Dimo.? Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha tse pedi mo letsatsing, metsotso e le 15 le setlhopha sengwe le sengwe. Setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se dira le morutabana gabedi mo bekeng. Barutwana ba rutiwa go botsa dipotso tse di latelang: A e utlwala sentle? A e lebega sentle? A e dira tlhaloganyo? Bontsha dikgato tsa puisokopanelo mme o di dirise mo puisokaelo ka tshegetso ya morutabana. • Buisa ka setu le kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng ya gago ka kaelo ya morutabana, ditlhopha tsotlhe di buisa setlhangwa se se tshwanang ka maemo a go buisa le go rutiwa a setlhopha • Dirisa bokgoni jwa go tlhaloganya kgotsa go ranola mafoko a a sa tlwaelegang ka go dirisa medumo, bokao mo tirisong le tshekatsheko ya popego ya mafoko go a tlhaloganya • Dirisa ditogamaano tsa go itshiamisa fa o buisa: go buisa gape, go kgaotsa le go ikatisa go bua lefoko pele ga ba le buela kwa godimo 112 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 • Itekole fa o buisa, o lemoge le go tlhaloganya mafoko • Dirisa ditshwantsho le dikaelo mo setlhangweng go godisa go tlhaloganya • Buisa ka thelelo e e oketsegileng le go tlhagisa maikutlo Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi Ditirwana tsa puiso tsa metsotso e le 20 fa ditlhopha tse dingwe di dira puisokaelo le morutabana • Buisetsa tsala ya gago kwa godimo • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe • Ipuisetsa dibuka tse di buisitsweng mo puisokopanelong ka bo-wena, dikgang tse di bonolo le dibuka tse di tswang kwa sekhutlwaneng sa go buisa le ditlhangwa tse dingwe jaaka dipadiso tse di buisitsweng mo ngwageng o o fetileng kgotsa mo tshimologong ya ngwaga o, mo maemong a puiso le a go rutiwa a morutwana ka nosi. TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Aga/bopa mafoko o dirise dikgono tsa tiriso ya medumopuo tse o di rutilweng mo ngwageng o Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) • Lemoga gore medumo mengwe e ka emelwa ke tlhopho ya mepeleto e e farologaneng, sekao: podi le pula Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) • Lemoga gore medumo mengwe e ka emelwa ke tlhopho ya mepeleto e e farologaneng, sekao: podi le pula Tirwana 3 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng Medumopuo (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) • Lemoga gore medumo e e dumisiwang mmogo e bopiwa jang, sk. tl; tlh, ph • Lemoga gore mopeleto o o tshwanang o ka emelwa ke medumo e e farologaneng (makwalotshwano), sekao: Nama mo go: Mme o ja nama / Nama maoto • Dirisa mafoko a a kapodisiwang/dumisiwang ka go tshwana mo dipolelong tse di kwadilweng mme a na le bokao jo bo farologaneng (makwalotshwano) sekao: Nama mo go: Mme o ja nama / Nama maoto Ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomameng Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Araba mefuta e e farologaneng ya dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo go tswa mo setlhangweng se o se buisitseng, sekao: “o ka tlhalosa jang maitsholo a ga Dimo.? Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Dirisa ditogamaano tsa go itshiamisa fa o buisa: go buisa gape, go kgaotsa le go ikatisa go bua lefoko pele ga ba le buela kwa godimo • Itekole fa o buisa mo karolong ya temogo ya mafoko le go a tlhaloganya Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa godimo • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe • Buisa buka e e buisitsweng ka nosi ka nako ya puisokopanelo, dibuka tsa ditshwantsho le dibuka tsa mo sekhutlwaneng sa go buisa le ditlhangwa dingwe le dingwe tse o di buisitseng mo ngwageng o o fetileng kgotsa mo tshimologong ya ngwaga o, go tlhokometswe maemo a puiso a morutwana ka nosi. Tirwana 1 ya Tlhotlhobo e e tlhomameng : Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisang ditlhangwa tse di godisitsweng tse di jaaka maboko, dibuka tsa puiso tse dikgolo le phousetara mmogo le morutabana (Puisokopanelo) • Dirisa metlhala e e bonwang go supa maitlhomo a go dirisa dipapatso le babogedi ba ba maleba CAPS 113
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisa ka setu le kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng ya gago ka moo a ka kgonang ka teng ka kaelo ya morutabana (ditlhopha tsotlhe di buisa setlhangwa se se tshwanang) • Dirisa bokgoni jwa go tlhaloganya kgotsa go ranola mafoko a a sa tlwaelegang ka go dirisa medumo, bokao mo tirisong le tshekatsheko ya popego ya mafoko go a tlhaloganya • Buisa ka thelelo e e oketsegileng le go tlhagisa maikutlo Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng : Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisa buka mmogo le morutabana lo buisane ka tatelano ya ditiragalo, maitshetlego le kamano ya ditiragalo tebang le go kgodisa ga ditiragalo • Araba mefuta ya dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo ka setlhangwa se se buisitsweng Puiso ka Bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisa buka ka bo-wena ka nako ya puisokopanelo, dibuka tsa ditshwantsho le dibuka tsa mo sekhutlwaneng sa go buisa le dibuka tse o di buisitseng mo Mophatong 2. Tirwana 3 ya Tlhotlhobo e e tlhomameng : Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Dirisa tshedimosetso go tswa mo ditlhangweng tsa dithalo, sk. tsaya karolo mo go tsamayeng ba potologa sekolo, ba sala dikaelo tse di mo mmepeng morago • Dirisa le go bona metswedi ya tshedimosetso jaaka maloko a setšhaba ka kakaretso, dibuka tsa laeborari • Dirisa mananeo a diteng, tshupane le dinomore tsa ditsebe tsa buka go batla tshedimosetso • Dirisa mafoko a a botlhokwa le setlhogo go batla tshedimosetso ka setlhangwa sa ditiragalo sta nnete Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisa ka setu le kwa godimo go tswa mo bukeng ya gago ka kaelo ya morutabana, ke gore, ditlhopha tsotlhe di buisa setlhangwa se se tshwanang ka ditaelo tsa setlhopha • Dirisa bokgoni jwa go tlhaloganya kgotsa go ranola mafoko a a sa tlwaelegang ka go dirisa medumo, bokao mo tirisong le tshekatsheko ya popego ya mafoko go a tlhaloganya • Dirisa ditshwantsho le dikaelo mo setlhangweng go godisa go tlhaloganya 114 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 2 GO KWALA NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG Bonnye jwa nako: Ura le metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 2 DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo: Dithuto tse di tlhomameng di dirwa ga 3 ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15. Barutwana ba fetogela kwa mokwalokgatisong mo dikwalong tse di rekotiwang go ya go mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng mo bofelong jwa kgweditharo e. Dithuto tsa mokwalo di tla itebaganya le go ikatisa ka go kwala ditlhakannye le ditlhakakgolo ka nosi, le tshwaraganyo e e tlhokwang ke mokwalo o mošwa. Barutwana ba tshwanetse go kwalolola go tswa mo mokwalokgatisong, sk. go tswa mo bukeng, go ya mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng. • Dirisa didiriswa tsa go kwala ka nepo sk. diphensele, raba le rula • Kwalolola mafoko le dipolelo ka nepagalo ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng • Bopa ditlhakakgolo le ditlhakannye tsotlhe ka nepagalo le ka gangwe mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng • Dirisa popo ya ditlhaka e e nepagetseng mo tirong yotlhe e e kwalwang • Kopolola mafoko ka nepagalo go tswa mo metsweding e e farologaneng, sekao: go tswa mo patitšhokong, dikarata tsa mafoko jj. le go kwala o oketsa lobelo mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng • Fetogela mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng mo dikwalong tsotlhe tse o di kwadileng, ke gore, letlha, leina la gago le setlhangwa sa gago Mokwalokopanelo ka ditlhopha le ka nosi Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe/ditlhopha di dirwa 2 - 3 mo bekeng ka metsotso e le 20. Dirisa ditirwana tsa go kwala ka kopanelo go bontsha mokgwa o o siameng wa go dirisa matshwao a puiso le mopeleto ka nepagalo. Neela barutwana letlhomeso le le ba thusang go kwala dikgang tsa bona. • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong tsa go tlhopha setlhogo se go kwalwang ka ga sona • Kwala bonnye ditemana di le pedi (dipolelo di le lesome kgotsa go feta) ka ga maitemogelo a gago a botshelo sk. dikgang • Kwala kgang ya gago kgotsa kgang e e sa tlwaelegang kgotsa go itlhamela/tlhamo ya dipolelo di le lesome(10) ka maitemogelo a gago jaaka, dikgang tsa letsatsi le letsatsi/ ditiragalo tsa sekolo • Kwala bukatsatsi mo sebakeng sa beke o kwale maemo a bosa le tshedimosetso nngwe fela • Kwala thadiso ya buka e e bonolo • Kwala kgang o be o tsenye setshwantsho mo bukeng e e ka abelwang laeborari ya phaposi • Dirisa thutapuo e e napagatseng gore ba bangwe ba kgone go buisa le go tlhaloganya se se kwadilweng. • Dirisa matshwao a puiso ka nepagalo sekao: ditlhakakgolo, khutlo, phegelwana, letshwao la potso le letshwao la tsiboso • Supa le go dirisa maina, matlhaodi, lediri le matlhalosi ka nepagalo • Dirisa kitso ya medumopuo le melawana ya mopeleto go kwala mafoko a a sa tlwaelegang • Dirisa dipaka tse di marara jaaka pakapheti le pakajaanong, sekao: Pule o buisa buka; Bana ba letse ba lebeletse thelebišene; • Buisa le go tseleganya mokwalo wa gago ka go siamisa mopeleto le matshwao a puiso • Buisetsa tsala kgotsa setlhopha mokwalo wa gago • Ikokoanyetsa lenaane la mafoko le go itlhamela thanodi ya gago. CAPS 115
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Mokwalo • Dirisa didiriswa tsa go kwala ka nonofo sk. diphensele, raba le rula Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng Mokwalo • Bopa ditlhakakgolo le ditlhakannye mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng ka nepagalo le ka gangwe • Kwalolola mafoko le dipolelo ka nepagalo ka mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Dirisa ditlhakakgolo le ditlhakannye mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng ka nepagalo • Dira phetogo go ya kwa mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng mo dikwalong tsotlhe tse di kwadilweng, ke gore, letlha, leina la gago le ditlhangwa tse a di ikwaletseng Tirwana 3 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng Mokwalo • Kopolola mafoko ka nepagalo go tswa mo metsweding e e farologaneng, sekao: go tswa mo patitšhokong, dikarata tsa mafoko jj. le go kwala o oketsa lobelo mo mokwalong o o tshwaraganeng • Dirisa ditlhaka tse di nepagetseng mo tirong e e kwalwang Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Mokwalo • Dirisa dipaka tse di marara jaaka pakapheti le pakajaanong, sekao: Pule o buisa buka; Bana ba letse ba lebeletse thelebišene; sekao: Pule o buisa buka; Bana ba letse ba lebeletse thelebišene; • Buisetsa tsala kgotsa setlhopha mokwalo wa gago • Ikagele lenaane la mafoko le thanodi ya gago o dirise tlhaka ya ntlha ya lefoko, jaaka falola, gama, halofo jj. Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng Mokwalo • Kwala tshekatsheko ya buka e e bonolo • Kwala ditemana di le pedi (dipolelo di le lesome kgotsa go feta) ka ga maitemogelo a gago a botshelo sk. dikgang tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le ditiragalo tsa sekolo • Dirisa thutapuo e e nepagetseng gore ba bangwe ba kgone go buisa le go tlhaloganya se se kwadilweng • Dirisa kitso ya medumopuo le melawana ya mopeleto go kwala mafoko a a sa tlwaelegang • Dirisa matshwao a puiso ka nepagalo, sekao: ditlhakakgolo, khutlo, phegelwana, letshwao la potso le letshwao la tsiboso Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Kwala bukatsatsi mo sebakeng sa beke o kwale maemo a bosa le tshedimosetso nngwe fela • Supa le go dirisa maina, matlhaodi, lediri le matlhalosi ka nepagalo Tirwana 3 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong tsa go tlhopha setlhogo se go kwalwang ka ga sona • Kwala kgang ya gago kgotsa kgang e e sa tlwaelegang, kgotsa go itlhamela dipolelo di le lesome • Buisa le go tseleganya mokwalo wa gago ka go siamisa mopeleto le matshwao a puiso 116 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 3 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG Bonnye jwa nako: Metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Ura mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le tsa beke mo makaleng otlhe a Puo le dirutwa tse dingwe • Dira ditlhagiso tsa molomo jaaka go tlotla dikgang kgotsa go tlotla ka maitemogelo a gago mo go kgodisang le ka tatelano • Dirisa tlotlofoko e e oketsegang nako le nako fa o bua • Tshitsinya ditharabololo tsa mathata bogolo jang dipalo tsa mafoko mo Dipalong Ditirwana tse di totileng go reetsa le go bua di dirwa gabedi ka beke Dibeke 1 - 3 • Tshwara dipotsotherisano le batho ka maitlhomo a a rileng jaaka go batla go itse tiro e motho a e dirang • Reetsa kgang le go batla mabaka le tatelano mo kgannyeng Dibeke 4 - 6 • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong, o neela batho ba bangwe pegelo e e botlhokwa • Baya ditiragalo ka lenaneo go ya ka tatelano e e kgodisang Dibeke 7 - 10 • Reetsa dintlha ka botlalo mo kgannyeng le ditlhangwa tse dingwe tsa molomo le go araba dipotso tse di bulegileng, sk. “Ke eng se o tla se dirang fa o gola” • Anela kgang e e nang le tshimologo, mmele le bokhutlo TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang Go reetsa le go bua: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Dirisa tlotlofoko e e oketsegang nako le nako fa o bua • Tshitsinya ditharabololo tsa mathata bogolo jang dipalo tsa mafoko mo Dipalong Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tsamaisa dipotsotherisano le batho ka maitlhomo a a rileng jaaka go batlisisa ka tirwana e motho a e dirang • Reetsa kgang le go batla mabaka le tatelano mo kgannyeng Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Tsaya karolo mo dipuisanong, o neela batho ba bangwe pegelo e e botlhokwa • Baya ditiragalo ka lenaneo go ya ka tatelano e e kgodisang Tirwana 3 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Reetsa dintlha ka botlalo mo kgannyeng le mo ditlhangweng tse dingwe tsa molomo le go araba dipotso tse di bulegileng, sk. “Ke eng se o tla se dirang fa o gola?” • Anela kgang e e nang le tshimologo, mmele le bokhutlo • Dira tlhagiso ya molomo jaaka go tlotla dikgang kgotsa go bua ka maitemogelo a gago mo go kgodisang le ka tatelano CAPS 117
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 3 PUISO LE MEDUMOPUO NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Diura di le 4 le metsotso e le 30 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 5 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa medumopuo di dirwa gararo ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15 Tswelela ka go dirisa medumopuo go bopa lenaneo la mopeleto la kgweditharo • Lemoga le go dirisa ditumanosi le ditumammogo tsotlhe tse di pataganeng tse o di rutilweng go fitlha ga jaana • Lemoga ditlhaka tse di sa utlwaleng/dumisiwang mo mafokong ke gore: u wa bobedi mo go thuu; o wa bobedi mo go Pooe, jj 'maaka' a wa bobedi ga a utlwale jj • Dirisa mafoko a a dumisiwang le go kwalwa ka go tshwana, mme a na le bokao jo bo farologaneng, jaaka ‘tshela’ go tshela botshelo le go tshela noka • Dirisa medumo le maina a ditlhaka go peleta mafoko • Bopa mafoko o dirise dikgono tsa medumopuo tse o di rutilweng monongwaga • Peleta mafoko ka nepagalo o dirise kitso ya medumopuo mo ditekong tse di sa tlhomamang, mo piletsong le mo ditirwaneng tsotlhe tse di kwalwang Ditirwana tsa puiso tsa letsatsi le letsatsi Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha (ditlhopha di le pedi mo letsatsing) le dinako tsa puisokopanelo di le 2 - 3 mo bekeng Puisokopanelo Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe di dirwa ga 2-3 mo bekeng, metsotso e le 15, o dirisa bonnye setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng. Itsise mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditlhangwa jaaka metshameko/diterama le mefuta e e farologaneng ya maboko. • Buisang (puisokopanelo) ditlhangwa tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng jaaka maboko, dibuka tse dikgolo tsa dikgang, metshameko, diphousetara, ditlhangwa tsa se-eleketeroniki le morutabana • Buisa tlhatlhamano ya mefuta e e farologaneng ya maboko go ya ka ditlhogo tsa ona le go buisana ka tsona (popego le bokao, tlhopho ya mafoko) • Ranola tshedimosetso go tswa mo ditlhangweng tsa dithalo jaaka, dipapatso, ditshwantsho, dikerafo, ditšhate • Buisang mmogo mo phaposing le morutabana (puisokopanelo) le go buisana ka kakanyokgolo, baanelwa le poloto • Tlhagisa maikutlo a gore a kgang e ne e itumedisa le go kgona go emelela karabo ya gago, sk. “Ke ratile kgang e ka gonne e nkgopoditse …”) • Araba mefuta ya dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tse di ikaegileng ka setlhangwa se o se buisitseng, sk. “A nkoko wa gagwe o ne a tshwanetse go mmolelela gore…” • Dirisa thanodi go bona tlotlofoko e ntšhwa le tlhaloso ya ona Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha di le pedi ka letsatsi, a dirisa metsotso e le 15 le setlhopha sengwe le sengwe. Setlhopha sengwe le sengwe se dira le morutabana gabedi mo bekeng • Buisetsa kwa godimo le ka setu go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, ditlhopha tsotlhe di buisa kgang e e tshwanang ka maemo a setlhopha se rutilweng ka ona • Buisa mefutakwalo e e farologaneng jaaka sekwalwa sa motshameko • Dirisa ditogamaano tsa go itshiamisa fa o buisa: go buisa gape, go kgaotsa le go ikatisa go bua lefoko pele ga ba le buela kwa godimo • Buisa ka thelelo e e oketsegang le ka go tlhagisa maikutlo, o kapodisa mafoko sentle le ka nepagalo • Dirisa bokgoni jwa go tlhaloganya kgotsa go ranola mafoko a a sa tlwaelegang ka go dirisa medumo, bokao mo tirisong le tshekatsheko ya popego ya mafoko go a tlhaloganya 118 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 • Itekole fa o buisa mo karolong ya temogo ya mafoko le go a tlhaloganya Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi: Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tse di amanang le puiso, tsa metsotso e le 20, fa ditlhopha tse dingwe di dira puisokaelo le morutabana • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa godimo • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe • Buisa ka nosi dibuka tse o di buisitseng ka nako ya puisokopanelo, dibuka tsa dikgang, dibuka tse di buisiwang kwa sekhutlwaneng sa go buisa, ditlhangwa dingwe fela jaaka tse di buisitsweng mo tshimologong ya monongwaga ka maemo a morutwana a kgonang go buisa ka ona • Ipatlele tshedimosetso ka nosi kgotsa ka bobedi go tswa mo ditlhangweng tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete tse di maleba le maemo a bona a go buisa TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Dirisa modumo le leina la tlhaka go peleta mafoko • Bopa mafoko o dirise dikgono tsa medumopuo e o e rutilweng monongwaga Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) • Lemoga ditumanosi le ditumammogo tsotlhe tse di pataganeng tse o di rutilweng go fitlha ga jaana Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) • Lemoga ditlhaka tse di sa utlwaleng mo mafokong fa a dumisiwa, jaaka ‘a’ wa bobedi mo go maaka le mo go jaaka Tirwana 3 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) • Dirisa mafoko a a dumisiwang le go peletwa ka go tshwana fela a na le bokao jo bo farologaneng (makwalwatshwana) fitlha Mme o rata go fitlha dijo, Mosetsana o fitlha thari kwa sekolong, bua, Rre o bua le mme, Malome o bua nku Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Araba dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tse di amanang le setlhangwa se o se buisitseng, sk. “A nkoko wa gagwe o ne a tshwanetse go mmolelela gore…?” Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisa mefutakwalo e e farologaneng jaaka dikwalwa tsa metshameko • Itekole fa o buisa mo karolong ya temogo ya mafoko le go a tlhaloganya Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa godimo • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe Tirwana 1 ya Tlhotlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Ba buisa botlhe le morutabana (puisokopanelo) le go buisana ka kakanyokgolo, baanelwa le poloto • Tlhagisa maikutlo a gago a gore a o ratile kgang o be o emelele karabo ya gago, sk. Ke ratile kgang e ka gonne e nkgopoditse…” Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisetsa kwa godimo le ka setu go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang ka maemo a puiso a setlhopha • Dirisa medumopuo, dikgono tsa go ribolola bokao mo tshekatshekong ya tiriso kgotsa ya popego fa o buisa mafoko a a sa tlwaelegang CAPS 119
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Tirwana 2 ya Tlhotlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Ranola tshedimosetso go tswa mo ditlhangweng tsa dithalo: dipapatso, ditshwantsho, dikerafo, ditšhate Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisa dibuka ka nosi tse o di buisitseng ka nako ya puisokopanelo, dibuka tsa dikgang le tse di tswang kwa sekhutlwaneng sa go buisa le ditlhangwa dingwe fela jaaka dibuka tsa puiso tse di buisitsweng kwa tshimologong ya monongwaga mo maemong a go buisa a morutwana ka nosi Tirwana 3 ya Tlhotlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisang ditlhangwa tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng jaaka maboko, dibuka tse dikgolo tsa puiso, metshameko, diphousetara le ditlhangwa tsa seileketeroniki (puisokaelo) le morutabana • Buisa tlhatlhamano ya mefuta e e farologaneng ya maboko go ya ka setlhogo le go buisana ka tse di latelang (popego mmogo le bokao, tlhopho ya mafoko) Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisetsa kwa godimo le ka setu go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang go ya ka maemo a puiso a setlhopha • Dirisa tlhatlhamano ya mekgwa ya go itshiamisa fa o buisa: fa o buisa gape, fa o tswelela go buisa le fa o ikhutsa • Buisa ka thelelo e e oketsegang le ka go tlhagisa maikutlo, o kapodisa mafoko ka nepagalo 120 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 3 GO KWALA NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Ura le metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 2 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo Dithuto tse di tlhomameng di dirwa gararo mo bekeng, metsotso e le 15 Barutwana ba dira phetogo go tswa mo mokwalong o o sa tshwaraganang go ya kwa go o o tshwaraganeng fa kgweditharo ya bobedi e tla go fela. Dithuto tsa mokwalo di tla tota go ikatisa go kwala tlhakannye le tlhakakgolo e le esi, le ka mokgwa o di tshwanetseng go tshwaraganngwa ka ona mo mokwalong o mošwa. Barutwana ba tshwanetse go kgona go kwalolola go tswa mo mokwalokgatisong mo bukeng, go ya kwa go o o tshwaraganeng Kopolola ka nepagalo setlhangwa se se kwadilweng go tswa mo patitšhokong, dibukakgakololo, dikarata tsa ditirwana o etse tlhoko popo ya mafoko le diphatlha tse di siameng fa gare ga mokwalo o o sa tshwaraganang kgotsa o o tshwaraganeng • Kwala ka lebelo le le oketsegileng Mokwalokopanelo ka ditlhopha le ka nosi Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe/ ditlhopha tse dinnye di dirwa ga 2-3 ka beke mo metsotsong e le 20. Neela barutwana letlhomeso la go kwala go ba thusa go ikwalela ditlhangwa tsa bona jaaka, lekwalo. Dirisa ditirwana tsa mokwalokopanelo go bontsha mokgwa o o nepagetseng wa go dirisa matshwao a puiso, thutapuo le dikarolo tsa puo. Dirisa ditirwana tsa puisokopanelo go ruta thutapuo, mefuta e e farologaneng ya dipolelo le matshwao a puiso • Kwala ditlhangwa tsa gago ka mekgwa e e farologaneng: kwadiso ya bukatsatsi, lekwalo go wa losika/ tlhaloso • Ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala, tseleganya le go phasalatsa/tlhagisa kgang ya gago, bonnye ditemana di le pedi (dipolelo di le lesome kgotsa go feta) o neele setlhogo • Kwala le go thadisa dipolelo ka setlhogo, go nna le seabe mo bukeng ya laeborari ya phaposi • Sobokanya le go rekota tshedimosetso o dirise mmepe wa dikakanyo, mananeo, dikitsiso le dithalo kgotsa ditšhate • Dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya dipolelo fa o kwala sk. dipegelo, dipotso, ditaelo • Dirisa matshwao a puiso ka nepagalo: ditlhakakgolo, dikhutlo, diphegelwana, matshwao a potso, letshwao la tsiboso le ditsejwana • Tlhaola le go dirisa maina, maemedi, matlhaodi, madiri le matlhabokafantle ka nepagalo • Kopanya dipolelo o dirise makopanyi jaaka: ‘le’, ‘ka gonne’ • Dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya tlotlofoko go dira gore mokwalo o kgatlhise thata • Buisetsa barutwana-ka-wena mokwalo wa gago • Aga lenaane la mafoko le go itlhamela thanodi ya gago TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Mokwalo Kopolola ditlhangwa ka nepagalo go tswa mo patitšhokong, dibukakgakololo, dikarata tsa mafoko o etse tlhoko popo e e nepagetseng ya ditlhaka le diphatlha fa gare ga mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng le o o sa tshwaraganang Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Kopolola ditlhangwa ka nepagalo go tswa mo patitšhokong, dibukakgakololo, dikarata tsa mafoko o etse tlhoko popo e e nepagetseng ya ditlhaka le diphatlha fa gare ga mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng le o o sa tshwaraganang Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Kopolola ditlhangwa ka nepagalo go tswa mo patitšhokong, dibukakgakololo, dikarata tsa mafoko o etse tlhoko popo e e nepagetseng ya ditlhaka le diphatlha fa gare ga mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng le o o sa tshwaraganang CAPS 121
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Tirwana 3 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Kwala ka lebelo le le oketsegileng Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go kwala • Buisetsa barutwana-ka-wena mokwalo wa gago • Itirele lenaane la mafoko le go itlhamela thanodi ya gago Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Ikwalele ditlhangwa ka mekgwa e e farologaneng: kwadiso ya bukatsatsi, lekwalo go wa bokafantleka, tlhaloso • Dirisa tlotlofoko e e farologaneng go dira gore mokwalo o kgatlhise thata • Dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya dipolelo fa o kwala, jaaka: dipegelo, dipotso, ditaelo jj. Tirwana 2 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala, tseleganya le go phasalatsa/tlhagisa kgang ya gago bonnye ditemana di le pedi (dipolelo di le lesome kgotsa go feta) o neele setlhogo • Dirisa matshwao a puiso ka nepagalo: ditlhakakgolo, dikhutlo, diphegelwana, matshwao a potso le matshwao a tsiboso le ditsejwana • Dirisa kitso ya medumopuo le melawana ya mopeleto go kwala mafoko a o sa a tlwaelegan Tirwana 3 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Sobokanya le go rekota tshedimosetso o dirise mmepe wa dikakanyo, mananeo, dikitsiso, dithalo kgotsa ditšhate • Tlhaola le go dirisa maina, maemedi, matlhaodi, madiri le matlhabokafantle ka nepagalo • Kopanya dipolelo o dirise makopanyi jaaka ‘mme’ le ‘gore’ 122 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 4 GO REETSA LE GO BUA (TIRO YA MOLOMO) NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Metsotso e 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Ura mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le tsa beke mo makaleng otlhe a Puo le dirutwa tse dingwe Dirisa mareo a tshwana le sediri, lediri, sedirwa, potso, polelo, taelo, makaelagongwe, malatodi le matshwao a tsiboso fa go buisanwa ka ditlhangwa • Tlhaloganya le go dirisa puo e e matshwanedi ya dirutwa tse di farologaneng Ditirwana tse di totileng go reetsa le go bua di dirwa gabedi ka beke Dibeke 1 - 5 • Tsaya karolo mo metlotlong go bontsha dikgono tsa go buisana le batho ba bangwe/botsalano, o amogela le go tlotla mokgwa o ba bangwe ba buang ka ona • Dirisa puo ka boikakanyetsi, o dire metlae le go tlhaba dithamalakwane o dirisa modumo le segalo se se maleba • Reetsa dintlha ka botlalo mo dikgannnyeng le go araba dipotso tse di bulegileng jaaka: “Fa o akanya, a o bona go tshwanetse gore o apare moaparo wa sekolo?” • Anela kgang o dirise puo ya tlhaloso, mekgwa e e farologaneng ya puo ya matsogo le tiriso ya sefatlhego Dibeke 6 - 10 • Reetsa kgang le go neela mabaka le tatelano go tsibogela dipotso tse di jaaka “Go ka be go diragetse eng fa ntšwa e ka bo e sa bonwa?” • Rulaganya le go dira ditlhagiso tsa molomo: go tlotla dikgang tsa gago, tlhalosa maitemogelo a sengwe, gakologelwa tiragalo jj. o dirise sethusapono • Tlhagisa maikutlo le dikakanyo ka ga setlhangwa o bo a neele mabaka, sk. “ Buka e ga e itumedise ka gonne mafoko a yona a maleele e bile ga e na ditshwantsho” • Buisana ka ditharabololo tsa mathata o dirise dikgono tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tsa go akanya, sk. “Fa rraago a sa tle go go tsaya fa sekolo se tswa o ka nne wa…” TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go reetsa le go bua: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Dirisa mareo a tshwana le sediri, lediri, sedirwa, potso, polelo, taelo, lekaelagongwe, lelatodi, letshwao la tsiboso fa go buisanwa ka ditlhangwa • Tlhagisa maikutlo le dikakanyo ka ga setlhangwa le go neela le mabaka, sk. “Buka e ga e itumedise ka gonne mafoko a yona a maleele e bile ga e na ditshwantsho” • Buisana ka ditharabololo tsa mathata a dirisa dikgono tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tsa go akanya, sk. Fa rraago a sa tle go go tsaya fa sekolo se tswa o ka nne wa…” Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go reetsa le go bua (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Anela kgang o dirise puo ya tlhaloso, mekgwa e e farologaneng ya puo ya matsogo le tiriso ya sefatlhego • Reetsa dintlha ka botlalo mo kgannyeng le go araba dipotso tse di bulegileng, sk. “Fa o akanya, a o bona go tshwanetse gore o apare moaparo wa sekolo?” • Dirisa puo ka boikakanyetsi: o dire metlae le go tlhaba dithamalakwane, o dirisa modumo le segalo se se maleba • Rulaganya le go dira ditlhagiso tsa molomo: a tlotla dikgang tsa gago, o tlhalose maitemogelo a sengwe, gakologelwa tiragalo jj. o dirise sethusapono CAPS 123
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 4 PUISO LE MEDUMOPUO NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Diura di le 4 le metsotso e 30 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 5 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Ditirwana tsa medumopuo di dirwa gararo ka beke, metsotso e le 15 Boeletsa medumopuo e e rutilweng go fitlha ga jaana mme o simolole ka go ruta dipatagano tsa medumopuo tse di marara. Di golaganye le lenaneo la mopeleto la beke nngwe le nngwe. • Lemoga le go dirisa medumopuo yotlhe e o e rutilweng go fitlha ga jaana • Lemoga medumo e e thata, sk. ‘kg’ le ‘tlh’ mo go ‘kgomo’ le mo go ‘tlhapa’ le medumopuo e e bonolo, jaaka ‘s’ mo go ‘sona’ • Lemoga le go dirisa dipataterone tsa mopeleto jaaka: mme; mmu • Lemoga le go dirisa ditlhogo, jaaka ba- (batho); le megatlana jaaka -ana (ntlwana) • Lemoga le go dirisa makaelagongwe: ‘dula fa fatshe’ e ntse e bua selo se le sengwe le ‘nna fa fatshe’ le Malatodi: selelo ke lelatodi la setshego • Kgaoganya mafoko a dinokontsi go ya ka dinoko tsa ona: se-ru-ru-be-le • Bopa mafoko o dirisa dikgono tsa medumopuo e o e rutilweng monongwaga • Aga mafoko o dirisa dikgono tsa meduopuo tse o di ithutileng monongwaga • Peleta mafoko ka nepagalo a dirisa kitso ya medumopuo mo ditekong tse di sa tlhomamang, mo piletsong le mo ditirwaneng tsotlhe tse di kwalwang Ditirwana tsa puiso tsa letsatsi le letsatsi: Puisokaelo ya setlhopha (ditlhopha di le pedi mo letsatsing) le dinako tsa puisokaelo di le 2-3 mo bekeng. Puisokopanelo Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe di dirwa ga 2-3 ka beke mo metsotsong e le 15, o dirisa setlhangwa se le sengwe mo bekeng. Akaretsa ditlhangwa tsa ditiragalo tsa nnete le tse e seng tsa nnete, diathikele tsa makwalodikgang, mmuisano le ditlhangwa tsa ditshwantsho. • Buisang ditlhangwa tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng tse di jaaka dibuka tse dikgolo tsa ditiragalo tsa nnete le tse e seng tsa nnete, diathikele tsa makwalodikgang, mmuisano le ditlhangwa tsa seileketeroniki le morutabana (puisokopanelo) • Buisang ditlhangwa tse di kwadilweng le morutabana (puisokopanelo) le go buisana ka baanelwa, ‘bothata’ mo kgannyeng, poloto le melaetsa mo setlhangweng • Dirisa matshwaopono go buisa ditlhangwa tse di supilweng ka ditshwantsho le go simolola go sekaseka setlhangwa go ya ka maikutlo (baamogedi ba tshedimosetso) le se o se akanyang ka setlhangwa se, sk. “Papatso e lebisitswe go bomang? Goreng o akanya jalo?” • Araba mefuta ya dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tse di ikaegileng ka temana e o e buisitseng, sk. “Fa rralebenkele a ka bo a tlogetse lebenkele le sa tswalwa a bo a ya gae bosigo joo, go ka bo go diragetse eng?” • Dirisa thanodi go bona tlotlofoko e ntšhwa le tlhaloso ya yona Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha: Morutabana o dira le ditlhopha di le pedi letsatsi lengwe le lengwe, a dirisa metsotso e le 15 le setlhopha sengwe le sengwe. Setllhopha se sengwe le se sengwe se dira le morutabana gabedi ka beke. • Buisetsa kwa godimo le ka setu go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang go ya ka maemo a puiso ya setlhopha • Buisa ka thelelo, ka lebelo le le oketsegang le ka go tlhagisa maikutlo • Dirisa medumopuo, dikgono tsa tshekatsheko tsa go ribolola bokao, tiriso le popego le dikgono tsa go tlhaloganya go itirela bokao • Itekole fa o buisa mo lekaleng la temogo ya mafoko mmogo le go a tlhaloganya 124 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 • Dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya go itshwaya diphoso fa o buisa: o buise o boeletsa, o buise o kgaotsa le go ikatisa ka lefoko pele o le buisetsa kwa godimo • Tshameka metshameko ya mafoko, e e tswang mo kitsong ya dikgono tsa puiso le tlotlofoko Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi Ditirwana tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tse di amanang le puiso tsa metsotso e le 20, fa ditlhopha tse dingwe di dira puisokaelo le morutabana. Dirisa ditlhangwa tse di itsegeng kgotsa tse di leng mo maemong a puiso ya morutwana ka nosi • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa godimo • Buisa ka nosi mo maemong a a raraaneng o buisetsa tshedimosetso le go ijesa monate go tswa mo ditlhangweng tse di farologaneng tse di leng teng: dimakasine le dikhomiki, dibuka tse di bonolo tsa ditiragalo tse di senang nnete le tse di nang le nnete, dibuka go tswa mo ditsong tse di farologaneng, le dibuka tse di buisitsweng ka nako ya puisokopanelo TLHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) • Lemoga le go dirisa medumopuo yotlhe e o e rutilweng go fitlha ga jaana • Lemoga medumo e e thata ya ‘kg’ le ‘tlh’ jaaka mo go ‘kgoma’ le ‘tlhatswa’ le e e sa utlwaleng/e e bonolo, jaaka ‘s’ mo go ‘sona’ • Kgaoganya mafoko a dinokontsi go ya ka dinoko tsa ona jaaka mo go mo-ru-ta-ba-na • Bopa mafoko o dirisa dikgono tsa medumopuo e o e rutilweng monongwaga Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Medumopuo: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso/go kwala) • Lemoga le go dirisa medumopuo yotlhe e o e rutilweng go fitlha ga jaana • Lemoga le go dirisa dipaterone tsa mopeleto: jaaka: mme; mmu • Lemoga le go dirisa makaelagongwe: ‘dula fa fatshe’ e na le bokao bo le bongwe le ‘nna fa fatshe’ le malatodi: selelo ke lelatodi la setshego • Lemoga le go dirisa ditlhogo jaaka ( ba- (motho > batho); le megatlana jaaka -ana; -nyana Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang Puiso: (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisang ditlhangwa tsa mekwalo e e godisitsweng le morutabana, jaaka dibuka tse dikgolo tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete le tse e seng tsa nnete, diathikele tsa makwalodikgang, mmuisano le ditlhangwa tsa seileketeroniki (ditlhangwa tsa khomphiutha) Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Tshameka metshameko ya mafoko e e tswang mo kitsong ya dikgono tsa puiso le tlotlofoko Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisa mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe • Buisetsa morutwana-ka-wena kwa godimo Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Puiso (Tiro ya molomo kgotsa tiragatso) Puisokopanelo • Buisang ditlhangwa tse di kwadilweng, botlhe le morutabana (puisokopanelo) le go buisana ka baanelwa, bothata mo kgannyeng, poloto le melaetsa mo setlhangweng • Dirisa matshwaopono go buisa ditlhangwa tse di supilweng ka ditshwantsho le go simolola go sekaseka setlhangwa go ya ka maikutlo (baamogedi ba tshedimosetso) le se o se akanyang ka setlhangwa se, sk. “Papatso e lebisitswe go bomang? Goreng o akanya jalo?” • Araba mefuta ya dipotso tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tse di ikaegileng ka temana e a e buisitseng, sk. “Fa rralebenkele a ka bo a tlogetse lebenkele le sa tswalwa a bo a ya gae bosigo joo, go ka bo go diragetse eng?” CAPS 125
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Puisokaelo ka ditlhopha • Buisetsa kwa godimo le ka setu go tswa mo bukeng ya gago mo setlhopheng sa puisokaelo le morutabana, ke gore, setlhopha sotlhe se buisa kgang e e tshwanang go ya ka maemo a puiso a setlhopha • Buisa ka thelelo ka lebelo le le oketsegang le ka go tlhagisa maikutlo • Dirisa dikgono tsa go ribolola bokao mo tshekatshekong ya medumopuo, tiriso le popego le dikgono tsa go tlhaloganya go itirela bokao • Itekole fa o buisa mo lekaleng la temogo ya mafoko mmogo le go a tlhaloganya • Dirisa mefuta e e farologaneng ya go itshwaya diphoso fa o buisa: o buisa o boeletsa, o buisa o kgaotsa le go ikatisa ka lefoko pele o le buisetsa kwa godimo Puiso ka bobedi kgotsa ka nosi • Buisa ka nosi mo maemong a a marara o buisetsa tshedimosetso le go ijesa monate go tswa mo ditlhangweng tse di farologaneng tse di teng: dimakasine le dikhomiki, dibuka tse di bonolo tsa ditiragalo tse di nang le nnete le tse e seng tsa nnete, dibuka go tswa mo ditsong tse di farologaneng, le dibuka tse di buisitsweng ka nako ya puiso kopanelo 126 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 MOPHATO 3 SETSWANA PUO YA GAE DITLHOKEGO TSA KGWEDITHARO KGWEDITHARO 4 MOKWALO NAKO E E TSHITSINTSWENG YA GO RUTA Bonnye jwa nako: Ura le metsotso e le 45 mo bekeng Bogolo jwa nako: Diura di le 2 mo bekeng DITENG/DIKGOPOLO/DIKGONO Mokwalo: Dithuto tse di tlhomameng di dirwa gararo mo bekeng, metsotso e le 15 Tota ditirwana tse di oketsang lebelo la go kwala o tla o tlhokometse bophepa le go buisega. Akaretsa ditirwana tse di tlhokang gore barutwana ba fetolele mokwalokgatiso go mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng. • Kopolola ditlhangwa tse di kwadilweng go tswa mo patitšhokong le dikarata tsa mafoko ka nepagalo o etse tlhoko popo ya ditlhaka le diphatlha fa gare ga mafoko • Dirisa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng mo gotlhe mo go kwaleng • Lekeletsa ka go dirisa pene go kwala • Kwala mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng ka lebelo, le go itshepa, o buisege le go nna phepa Mokwalokopanelo ka ditlhopha le ka nosi Dithuto tsa barutwana botlhe/ ditlhopha tse dinnye di dirwa ga 2-3 ka beke mo metsotsong e le 20. Dirisa ditirwana tsa mokwalokopanelo go bontsha mokgwa o o nepagetseng wa go dirisa matshwao a puiso, mopeleto le thutapuo (sk. tiriso ya makopanyi le lenalana). Neela barutwana matlhomeso a go kwala gore ba kwale mmuisano le diathikele tsa makwalodikgang. Ba kaetse dikgato tsa go kwala. • Dirisa ditogamaano tsa pele ga go kwala go kokoanya tshedimosetso le go rulaganyetsa go kwala: bua le morutwana-ka- wena, tlhama mmepe wa dikakanyo le letlhomeso • Kwala ditlhangwa tse dikhutshwane tse di tlhophetsweng maitlhomo a a farologaneng a a jaaka go tlotla ka tiragalo le mmuisano • Kwala ka maitemogelo a gago ka mekgwa e e farologaneng jaaka athikele e khutshwane ya lekwalodikgang • Ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala, tseleganya le go phasalatsa/tlhagisa kgang ya gago ya bonnye ditemana di le pedi (bonnye dipolelo di le 12) • Dirisa dipopego tsa ditlhangwa tsa tshedimosetso fa ba kwala, jaaka, go kwala ditekelelo le diresepi • Tlhomaganya tshedimosetso o be o e baya ka fa tlase ga ditlhogo • Dirisa matshwao a puiso ka nepagalo: ditlhakakgolo, dikhutlo, diphegelwana, matshwao a potso, matshwao a tsiboso le ditsejwana • Dirisa makopanyi go bopa dipolelopate • Dirisa kitso ya medumopuo le melawana ya mopeleto go kwala mafoko a a marara/thata • Aga lenaane la mafoko le go itlhamela thanodi ya gago • Dirisa thanodi go batla tlotlofoko e ntšhwa le go lebelela mopeleto wa mafoko • Buisana ka mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe, o amogele le go neela pegelo • Itirela dibuka tsa gago le go nna le seabe mo go kgobokanyeng dibuka tsa phaposiborutelo LHATLHOBO Ditshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Mokwalo • Kopolola setlhangwa se se kwadilweng go tswa mo patitšhokong, dibukeng le dikarata tsa mafoko ka nepagalo, a etse tlhoko gore popo ya ditlhaka le diphatlha mo gare ga mafoko di nepagetse • Lekeletsa ka go dirisa pene go kwala Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Mokwalo • Dirisa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng gotlhe mo go kwaleng • Kwala mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng ka lebelo, le go itshepa, o buisege le go nna phepa CAPS 127
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 TDitshitsinyo tsa ditirwana tsa Tlhatlhobo e e sa tlhomamang: Go kwala • Dirisa ditogamaano tsa pele a kwala go kgobokanya/kokoanya tshedimosetso le go rulaganyetsa go kwala: bua le morutwana-ka-wena, tlhama mmepe wa dikakanyo le letlhomeso la thulaganyo • Dirisa makopanyi go bopa dipolelopate • Buisana ka mokwalo wa gago le wa ba bangwe mme o amogele le go neela pegelo Tirwana 1 ya Tlhatlhobo e e tlhomameng: Go kwala • Kwala ditlhangwa tse dikhutshwane tse di tlhophetsweng maitlhomo a a farologaneng a a jaaka go tlotla ka tiragalo le mmuisano • Kwala ka maitemogelo a gago ka mekgwa e e farologaneng jaaka athikele e khutshwane ya lekwalodikgang • Ditlhangwa tsa ntlha, go kwala, tseleganya le go phasalatsa/tlhagisa kgang ya gago ya bonnye ditemana di le pedi (bonnye dipolelo di le 12) • Dirisa dipopego tsa ditlhangwa tsa tshedimosetso fa o kwala, jaaka, go kwala ditekelelo le diresepi • Tlhomaganya tshedimosetso o be o e baya ka fa tlase ga ditlhogo • Dirisa matshwao a puiso ka nepagalo: ditlhakakgolo, dikhutlo, diphegelwana, matshwao a potso, matshwao a tsiboso le ditsejwana • Dirisa makopanyi go bopa dipolelotswako • Dirisa kitso ya medumopuo le melawana ya mopeleto go kwala mafoko a a thata 128 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 DITLHANGWA/ METSWEDI E E ATLENEGISITSWENG MO NGWAGENG GO REETSA LE GO BUA • Ditshwantsho le diphousetara • Dilwana tse di tsamaisanang le dithitokgang le ditlhogo, ditshosa le bommamatlhwane jj. • Manathwana a boto ya dikgang le malepatshwantsho • Ditshwantsho tse di tla rulaganngwang • Diaparo tsa maitirelo go diragatsa metshameko e e etsisang le ditirwana tsa molomo • Didiriswa tsa mmino • DiCD kgotsa ditheipi tse di nang le dikgang, maboko, ditheneketso/diraeme le dipina, setshameka diCD kgotsa segatisamantswe, ditheipi tsa thelebišene le tsa bidio/diDVD • Dibuka tsa dikgang GO BUISA LE MEDUMOPUO • Ditshwantsho le diphousetara • Ditšhate tsa lebota tsa medumopuo • Dibuka tsa puiso tse di tlhophilweng ka seemo tse di akaretsang mefutakwalo e e farologaneng (metshameko, tsa ditiragalo tsa nnete, poko jj.) • Dibuka tse dikgolo - dingwe tsa tsona di dirilwe ka nako ya puisokopanelo. • Ditlhangwa tsa mokwalo o o godisitsweng jaaka maboko, dipina, diraeme, dikgang jj. • Dibuka tsa dikgang le tsa ditshwantsho tsa laeborari ya mo phaposiborutelong • Dibuka tse dikhutshwane tsa go ijesa monate tse di nang le dipolelo di le 1-2 mo tsebeng • Ditlhangwa tsa ditiragalo tsa nnete, tse di maleba, tse di tlhophilweng go etswe-tlhoko Mophato mme tsona di na le ditlhogo tse di farologaneng • Dikarata tsa matshwao a dilwana tsa phaposiborutelo le a dipontsho, mafoko a a tlhagelelang kgapetsakgapetsa, jj. • Disupi go dirisiwa fa ba buisa ditlhangwa tse di godisitsweng, dikgang tsa lebota le dilo tse di bontshiwang • Ditshwantsho, malepa a mafoko/malea le metshameko • Makwalodikgang le dimakasine • Ditšhate tsa dipota tse di bontshang dimmepe tse di bonolo le dithalo tse di supang go golagana ga dilo tse di rileng GO KWALA LE MOKWALO • Didiriswa tsa go kwala (sk. diphensele, diphensele tsa mebala, dikheraeyone tsa mafura, dipampiri tse di sa kwalelang tsa bogolo jo bo farologaneng (A3, A4, A5), rula, raba, dibuka tsa go kwalela tse di thaletsweng tsa 8.5 mm, dibuka tsa ditirwana • Dikgemetšhana tsa dipolelo le tsa go kwalela tsa mokwalo o o tshwaraganeng tse di supang fa go simololelwang teng le ntlha e go kwalelwang kwa go yona • Pampiri ya tšhate e e pitikololwang le dipene tsa khokhi tse dikima • Dithanodi tsa barutwana ka nosi • Dithanodi tse di bonolo tsa barutwana tse di tlhophilweng go ya ka Mophato wa bona CAPS 129
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 LENANEFOKO akeronimi - lefoko le le agiwang ka go kapodisa ditlhaka/mafoko a ntlha a polelwana kgotsa leina (sekao; DIRT - Didiriswa tsa go Ithuta, go Ruta le Tshegetso). baakanya diphoso - go ntsha diphoso tsa mokwalo le matshwao a puiso a etswe tlhoko. baamogedi - bareetsi, babogedi, babuisi ba mefuta e e farologaneng ya tlhaeletsano ka kakaretso. baanelwa - batho ba mokwadi wa porosa a anelang ka ga bona, go tsenyeletsa le maina a bona. boanedi - ditlhaloso le dikarologantsho tsa baanelwa. boakaretsi - molawana o o reng thuto e fitlhelelwe ke barutwana botlhe ntle le go ba kgetholola ka ntlha ya bokoa bongwe jwa bona, e ka nna jwa dirwe tsa mmele kgotsa tlhaloganyo. bodiragatsi - go tsaya karolo mo motshamekong, sekao, terama. boiphediso - tiro e moirutwana a batlang go e dira morago ga dithuto. (Dithuto tse a di tlhophileng tsa motheo di lebane le tiro eo). boitlhamedi - mafoko a setheo kgotsa borutegi jo bo rileng; e le mareo a a ka itsiweng ke ba setheo fela. boitshimololedi - boikakanyetsi jo bo kgethegileng jwa morutwana ka nosi, a bo ithaetse go tlhagisa kitso ya gagwe. dikarolo tsa polelo - dikarolwana tse di bopang polelo jaaka, lediri, sedirwa, letiro, dipolelwana jalo le jalo. dipuisano - ditherisano tse go ikaeletsweng gore go dumalanwe ka mogopolo pele go tsewa tshwetso kgotsa go dirwa sengwe. dingangisano - dikganetsano tse mo go tsona go nang le matlhakore a le mabedi ba bangwe ba dumelana le ntlha ba bangwe ba e ganetsa. diponagalo - dilo dingwe tse di itlhophileng tse di tlhaolang se sengwe go se sengwe jaaka poko e farologana le padi. Sekao; Diponagalo tsa leboko ke: ditema, dipoeletso, moribo, morumo, jalo le jalo. dipotso tse di sa batleng dikarabo - jaaka “ A lo batla go boela mo pusong ele ya tlhaolele?” dipotso tse di tseneletseng - dipotso tse di lekang kitso bogolo jang ka dikgaisano le go itumedisa. ditshwanelo tsa botho - sengwe le sengwe se ka Molaotheo wa naga e leng tshwanelo ya moagi yo mongwe le yo mongwe, go se dira, bua, amogela jalo jalo kwa ntle ga go kgorelediwa kgotsa go kgoreletsa ba bangwe. emelela ntlha (go) - go emelela se o se buang/kwalang ka mabaka. go fopholetsa - go batla ka go utlwelela ka menwana o sa bone kgotsa go leka go tlhaloganya se o se utlwang ka go akanya. go tlhagisa ntlha ya gagwe - go akgela kgotsa go tshwaela. godisa - go oketsa kitso, bokgoni, kgotsa popego. 130 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 ka botlalo - go akaretsa dintlha tse dingwe tse di tlhokagalang kgotsa tse di tshegetsang. kaedi - go thusa ka dikakanyo, dikeletso kgotsa tshedimosetso tse di nang le thuto nngwe ka maitlhomo a go rarabolola bothata go kgontsha batho go ikemela ka bobona. kagego - thulaganyo ya setlhangwa go ya ka popego, bogolo. kgobokanyo ya dintlha - go kgobokanya dintlha tse di tsamaelanang ka go di golaganya. kgonya - go ema go le go nnye mo gare ga sebaka/ mo go sa lebelelwang o bo o tswelela. lebelela ka tsenelelo - go lebelela lokwalo kgotsa go lo sekaseka ka maitlhomo a go bona bokao jo bo fitlhegileng le go le tlhaloganya. lebolelateng - mofuta wa bolwetse jo mogare wa lona o atelang mo mading a motswasetlhabelo morago ga go tshwaediwa mme o koafatse masole a mmele. leetsi - mafoko a a etsisang modumo wa sengwe. lekgotlhana - ditlhopha tsa go bua kgotsa go ngangisana tse di ka dirisiwang kgatlhanong le Mephato kgotsa dikolo tse dingwe, kgotsa mo phaposing barutwana ba kgaoganngwa ka ditlhotshwana, yo mongwe le yo mongwe a bua ka karolwana e e rileng ya setlhogo se se tshwanang. lenaanenetefatso - papetlana e go kwadilweng dintlha tse di tla lebelelwang fa tiro e e neetsweng e atlega kgotsa e sa atlege ka go feta di tshwaiwa mme morago go tsewe tshwetso e e maleba. letshwao - sengwe se se tshwantshitsweng go tsibosa kgotsa go fetisa tshedimosetso/taelo. Sekao; letshwao le, le tlhalosa gore mmino ga o a dumelelwa, le, le bolela gore batho ba ba dirisang ditilo tsa maotwana ba ka dirisa tulo e. mafoko a a bokaobontsi - sekao: (i) Mothusi ke kgosi ya Bakgatla ke gore:-ke moetapele wa morafe, o tlhomilwe go nna kgosi. (ii) Ke kgosi kwa tirong ke gore:-ke ena yo mogolo ka maemo. (iii) Ke kgosi kwa lelapeng la gaabo ke gore:-ke ena tibola ntha, ngwana wa ntlha. maitlhomo - lebaka le le dirang gore sengwe se dirwe kgotsa se nne teng. makwalotshwano - mafoko a a kwalwang ka go tshwana fela a sa dume ka go tshwana e bile a farologana ka bokao, sekao: (i) tshela - wa botshelo le tshela - wa go tshela metsi, (ii) nama - e le sejo le nama - ya go phutholola maoto. marara - ditiragalo/dintlha tse dintsi tse di golaganeng di le thata go tlhaloganyega. matseno - tlhaloso e e botlalo ka ga sengwe se go buiwang kgotsa go kwadilweng ka ga sona/ e go gorosa mo dintlhakgolong tsa setlhangwa. ditumatshwana - mafoko a a kwalwang ka go tshwana gape a duma ka go tshwana ntswa a farologana ka bokao sekao: (i) kgala - go kgala ga seedi le kgala - ya ditlhong, (ii) tshela - wa botshelo le tshela - wa go tlola e ka nna tsela kgotsa noka jalo le jalo. CAPS 131
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 Maitshetlego-boalo jo bokwa morago jwa ditiragalo. Maitshetlego a akaretsa lefelo le ditiragalo mefutakwalo - lereo le le dirisetswang mefuta ya dikwalo jaaka porosa, maboko, dipadi, dinaane le diterama. mefuta ya dipolelo - go na le mefuta e e farologaneng ya dipolelo tse di jaaka dipotso, ditaelo, dipegelo jalo le jalo. melawana - ditlwaelo tse di amogelegileng ka kakaretso, e ka nna ka tsela ya boitshwaro, go buisana le batho ba bangwe kgotsa ka mo mafoko a tshwanetseng go latelana ka teng mo polelong. mogare wa lebolelateng - lebelela lebolelateng. mogopolo - se motho a se akanyang; monagano. mokgwa - ke tsela e tiro e dirwang ka ona. ngôka - ôka sengwe ka go se kgatlha. nonofo - go tlhagisa tiro ka mokgwa o o lebeletsweng o o atlegileng. ntlhakemo - ntlha e mmui a e dibelang mo dipuisanong fa a neela mabaka a a maleba. nyalelana - mogopolo le dikakanyo di dumelana sentle. pegelo - go bega sengwe ka go se ranola ka maitlhomo a go senola bokao jwa sona. potsotherisano - puisano gareng ga batho ba babedi kgotsa go feta, yo mongwe a botsa mme yo mongwe a araba. poloto - tatelano ya ditiragalo tsa setlhangwa, di na le mabaka a a di tlholang. polotwana - ditiragalopotlana tse di agelelang mo polotokgolong. puo ya botshwantshi - puo e e tsenyeletsang dikapuo, maele, diane,le manatetshapuo a mangwe. puo - tsela ya batho ya tlhaeletsano ka go bua, go kwala kgotsa puo ya matshwao ka tiriso ya mafoko a go dumelanwang ka ona. puo ya tikologo e e rileng - puo e e buiwang ke batho fela ba tikologo kgotsa karolo e e rileng ya naga. puotlwaelo - puo e e dirisiwang mo motlotlong fela go sa dirisiwe mafoko a a maleba/a a siameng kgotsa go sa latelwe melao le melawana ya tiriso ya puo. rerisana - go leka go fitlhelela tumelano kgotsa go fitlhelela tumelano ka go tlosa dipelaelo dingwe fa mongwe a buisana le bangwe. Go leka go bona tsela kgotsa mokgwa wa go tlhaloganya se se buisiwang, reediwang kgotsa dirwang. rejisetara - mafoko, mokgwa le thutapuo e e dirisiwang ke bakwadi/dibui mo mabakeng a a rileng. segalo - 1. lentswe, modumo, bokibo le mosito fa motho a ne a bua kgotsa a opela. 2. tsela ya go kapodisa lefoko go fapaanya bokao jwa lona le a mangwe a a nang le modumo 132 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 o o tshwanang le lona. Setswana se na le segalogodimo le segalotlase (sekao: tlháma le tlhàma). setlhangwa - tsela e motlhaeletsi a e dirisang go tlhagisa kgotsa go fetisa tshedimosetso jaaka: go kwala, bua, leba, supetsa jalo jalo. tebo ya matlho - go eta o lebelela bareetsi ka go bua kgotsa o buisa. Thitokgang- ke se setlhangwa se buang ka ga sona/ntlhakgolo ya kgang/morero wa kgang thadiso - go neela ka tlhaloso ya mongwe, sengwe, buka, filimi kgotsa tiragalo ka mokgwa wa go kwala kgotsa go bua. thelelo - go buisa ka maikutlo a a maleba le diteng, lentswe le segalo di nyalelana e bile melao ya puiso yotlhe e nepagetse. thesorase - thanodi ya makaelagongwe le malatodi. tomagano - dikakanyo tse di tlhalosegang ka dikarolwana tsa tsona tsa go tlhalosa kgotsa go dira sengwe. thôôthôô - sa nnete, se e leng sona tota. tiragatso - 1. ditlamorago tse di nnang teng morago ga tiro e sena go dirwa/ go kwalwa. 2. go tshwantsha se se kwadilweng mo bukeng/terameng. 3. go dira tiro e e kailweng. tiriso ya puo - ka mo puo e dirisiwang ka teng go lebilwe tiriso ya semmuso, tlotlofoko, kapodiso, jalo le jalo. le gore e lebiseditswe mang, kae. tiro - tiro e e newang barutwana go e dira, e ka nna go reetsa, go bua, kwala, lebelela, tlhotlhomisa jalo jalo. tlamanyi - letshwao la puiso le le dirisediwang go kopanya mafoko a mabedi kgotsa go feta. Sekao: molatlhwa-le-bowa . tlhaeletsano - puisano ka mogala, lekwalo, seyalemowa, thelebešene le ka mokgwa mongwe le mongwe fela o o ka atlegisang kgorogo / thomelo ya molaetsa. tlhagisa - 1. go neela tshedimosetso ka ga sengwe kgotsa kgang. 2. go supa tiro e e dirilweng. tlhama - ke sengwe se se simololwang kgotsa se se bopiwang ka maitlhomo a go neela tshedimosetso kgotsa go dirisiwa. tlhamo ya kakanyo - tlhamo ya se se akantsweng/itlhametsweng fela mme e se nnete. tlhaoletsweng - go eletsa kgotsa go laela tiriso ya sengwe mo karolong/setlhopheng/mophatong o o rileng ka nako e e rileng. Sekao; dikolo di ka elediwa kgotsa go laelwa go dirisa dibuka tse di rileng mo CAPS 133
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 mephatong e e rileng ka dingwaga tse di rileng, e le go nna le taolo ya tiriso le ya tekanyetso ya tsona. tlhatlhelela - mokgwa wa go neela tshedimosetso go barutwana mo phaposing kgotsa bareetsi ka ga thuto e e rileng. tlhotlha diphoso - go sekaseka, lolamisa, go ntsha diphoso tsotlhe mo setlhangweng morago o nyalanye dintlha. tlhatlhoba/sekaseka - tlhatlhobo ka mokgwa o o rileng go bona sebopego kgotsa gore se tlhamilwe jang. tlhatlhoba ka tsenelelo - bopa kakanyo ya boleng le bokao jwa sengwe ka botebo. tlhotlheletso ka botlhale gore batho ba nne mo letlhakoreng la mmui - puo ya maitlhomo a go ngoka batho gore ba dumele se mmui a se buang ka tsela e e sa siamang. tlhotlhomisa - go batlisisa sengwe se se sa tlhagisiwang sentle ka go buisa, botsa dipotso, lebelela jalo le jalo. go se tlhalosa. tlodisa matlho - go lebelela sengwe e se ka tsenelelo /kgotsa go buisa ka bonako go bona kakanyokakaretso. tlopelo - tiriso ya mafoko a mantsi a a sa tlhokegeng. tota - go dira sengwe ka tlhamalalo; gape o tlhomile matlho le mogopolo mo go sona. totobetseng - bokao jo bo tlhamaletseng e bile bo kwadilwe. tsaya letlhakore (go) - go sekamela mo, kgotsa go gatelela letlhakore, kakanyo kgotsa motho yo o rileng. tsepameng - ntlha e e tlhomameng. tshetlego - go emelela ntlha e e rileng ka mabaka a a tswang mo bopaking jo bo rileng. se: 134 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 CAPS 135
SETSWANA PUO YA GAE R-3 136 PEGELO YA PHOLISI YA KHARIKHULAMO LE TLHATLHOBO

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Notes, quizzes and topic questions for Grade 1 Setswana HL.