You're offline
Hlayiso
Get Started

Grade 12 Life Sciences Past Papers & Memos

Download free official Grade 12 Life Sciences past exam papers with memorandums from 2015 to present — NSC, trial and provincial papers.

Past Papers

2025

2025 Eastern Cape June Exam

LIFE SCIENCES QP GR12 JUNE 2025 ENG D_watermark.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES QP GR12 JUNE 2025 AFR D_watermark.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES MEMO GR12 JUNE 2025 ENG_watermark.pdf

Memo

2025 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

LIFE SCIENCES P2 MEMO GR12 SEPT 2025 AFR_watermark.pdf

Memo

LIFE SCIENCES P1 MEMO GR12 SEPT 2025_watermark.pdf

Memo

LEWENSWETENSKAPPE V1 MEMO GR12 SEPT 2025_watermark.pdf

Memo

LIFE SCIENCES P2 QP GR12 SEPT 2025 ENG_watermark.pdf

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 ENG SEPT-2025 QP_watermark.pdf

EN

2025 Free State June Exam

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-MEMO-May-June-2025-Free-State.pdf

Memo

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-QP-May-June-2025-Free-State.pdf

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-QP-May-June-2025-Free-State.pdf

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-MEMO-May-June-2025-Free-State.pdf

Memo

2025 Free State Mock Exam

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-QP-September-2025-Free-State.pdf

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-MEMO-September-2025-Free-State.pdf

Memo

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-QP-September-2025-Free-State.pdf

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-MEMO-September-2025-Free-State.pdf

Memo

2025 Gauteng June Exam

Life Sciences (English) June 2025 Question Paper.pdf

EN

Life Sciences (Afrikaans) June 2025 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

2025 Gauteng Mock Exam

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-MEMO-September-2025-Gauteng.pdf

Memo

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-MEMO-September-2025-Gauteng.pdf

Memo

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-QP-September-2025-Gauteng.pdf

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-QP-September-2025-Gauteng.pdf

2025 KZN March Test

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-MEMO-March-2025-KZN.pdf

Memo

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-QP-March-2025-KZN.pdf

2025 KZN Mock Exam

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-QP-September-2025-KZN.pdf

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-MEMO-September-2025-KZN.pdf

Memo

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-MEMO-September-2025-KZN.pdf

Memo

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-QP-September-2025-KZN.pdf

2025 Mpumalanga Mock Exam

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-MEMO-September-2025-Mpumalanga.pdf

Memo

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-QP-September-2025-Mpumalanga.pdf

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-QP-September-2025-Mpumalanga.pdf

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-MEMO-September-2025-Mpumalanga.pdf

Memo

2025 North West Mock Exam

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-QP-September-2025-North-West.pdf

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-MEMO-September-2025-North-West.pdf

Memo

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-QP-September-2025-North-West.pdf

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-MEMO-September-2025-North-West.pdf

Memo

2025 Northern Cape Mock Exam

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-QP-September-2025-Northern-Cape.pdf

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-MEMO-September-2025-Northern-Cape.pdf

Memo

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P1-MEMO-September-2025-Northern-Cape.pdf

Memo

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-NSC-P2-QP-September-2025-Northern-Cape.pdf

2025 NSC June Exam

Life Sciences P2 May-June 2025 Afr.pdf

AF

Life Sciences P1 May-June 2025 MG Eng.pdf

MemoEN

Life Sciences P2 May-June 2025 MG Eng.pdf

MemoEN

Life Sciences P1 May-June 2025 Eng.pdf

EN

2024

2024 Eastern Cape June Exam

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 MEMO JUNE 2024_Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 MEMO JUNE 2024_English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP JUNE 2024_Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP JUNE 2024_English.pdf

EN

2024 Eastern Cape Prelim Exam

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2024_English.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES P1 QP GR12 SEPT2024_Sesotho.pdf

SES

LIFE SCIENCES P1 MEMO GR12 SEPT2024_ISIXHOSA.pdf

MemoISI

LIFE SCIENCES P1 MEMO GR12 SEPT2024_Sesotho.pdf

MemoSES

LIFE SCIENCES P1 MEMO GR12 SEPT2024_Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2024_Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2024_English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 QP SEPT2024_English.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES P1 QP GR12 SEPT2024_Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES P1 MEMO GR12 SEPT2024_English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P1 QP GR12 SEPT2024_ISIXHOSA.pdf

ISI

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2024_Xhosa.pdf

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2024_Sesotho.pdf

SES

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2024_Afrikaans.pdf

AF

2024 Free State June Exam

Life-Sciences-QP-May-June-2024-Free-State.pdf

Life-Sciences-MEMO-May-June-2024-Free-State.pdf

Memo

2024 Gauteng June Exam

Gr 12 Life Sciences (Afrikaans) June 2024 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

Gr 12 Life Sciences (Afrikaans) June 2024 Question Paper.pdf

AF

Gr 12 Life Sciences (English) June 2024 Question Paper.pdf

EN

Gr 12 Life Sciences (English) June 2024 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoEN

2024 Gauteng Prelim Exam

Gr 12 Life Sciences P2 (English) 2024 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoEN

Gr 12 Life Sciences P2 (English) 2024 Question Paper X05.pdf

EN

Gr 12 Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) 2024 Question Paper X05.pdf

AF

Gr 12 Life Sciences P1 (English) 2024 Question Paper X05.pdf

EN

Gr 12 Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) 2024 Question Paper X05.pdf

AF

Gr 12 Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) 2024 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

Gr 12 Life Sciences P1 (English) 2024 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoEN

Gr 12 Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) 2024 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

2024 KZN June Common Test

Life-Sciences-NSC-Common-Test-QP-May-June-2024-KZN.pdf

Life-Sciences-NSC-Common-Test-MEMO-May-June-2024-KZN.pdf

Memo

2024 KZN March Test

KZN-Life-Sciences-Grade-12-March-2024-QP-and-Memo.pdf

QP + Memo

2024 KZN Prelim Exam

KZN-Life-Sciences-Grade-12-September-2024-P2-and-Memo.pdf

Memo

KZN-Life-Sciences-Grade-12-September-2024-P1-and-Memo.pdf

Memo

2024 Limpopo Prelim Exam

LP-Life-Sciences-Grade-12-September-2024-P1-and-Memo.pdf

Memo

2024 North West Prelim Exam

NW-Life-Sciences-Grade-12-September-2024-P2-and-Memo.pdf

Memo

NW-Life-Sciences-Grade-12-September-2024-P1-and-Memo.pdf

Memo

2024 Northern Cape June Exam

Life-Sciences-QP-May-June-2024-Northern-Cape.pdf

Life-Sciences-MEMO-May-June-2024-Northern-Cape.pdf

Memo

2024 NSC June Exam

Gr 12 Life Sciences P1 (English) June 2024 Question Paper.pdf

EN

Gr 12 Life Sciences P2 (English) June 2024 Question Paper.pdf

EN

November 2024 NSC

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2024 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2024 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2024 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2024 Afr.pdf

November 2024 NSC MG

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2024 MG Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov MG 2024 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2024 MG Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2024 MG Eng.pdf

2023

2023 Eastern Cape June

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 QP JUNE2023_English.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 QP JUNE2023_Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 MEMO JUNE2023_English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 MEMO JUNE2023_Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

2023 Eastern Cape June Exam

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 MEMO JUNE2023_Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 MEMO JUNE2023_English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 QP JUNE2023_English.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 QP JUNE2023_Afrikaans.pdf

AF

2023 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2023_ Isixhosa.pdf

ISI

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2023_Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2023_English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2023_Sesotho.pdf

SES

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2023_English.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2023_Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 QP SEPT2023_isiXhosa.pdf

ISI

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 QP SEPT2023_English.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 QP SEPT2023_Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT2023_Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT2023_English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 QP SEPT2022_Sesotho.pdf

SES

2023 GP Prelim

Life Sciences P2 (English) QP.pdf

EN

Life Sciences P1 (English) QP.pdf

EN

Life Sciences P1 (English) Memo.pdf

MemoEN

Life Sciences P2 (English) Memo.pdf

MemoEN

2023 KZN March

Life-Sciences-Grade-12-March-2023-QP-and-Memo.pdf

QP + Memo

2023 NSC June Exam

Life Sciences P1 May-June 2023 MG Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May-June 2023 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May-June 2023 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May-June 2023 MG Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May-June 2023 MG Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May-June 2023 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May-June 2023 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May-June 2023 MG Afr.pdf

2023 NSC November Exam

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2023 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2023 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2023 MG Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2023 MG Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2023 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2023 MG Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2023 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2023 MG Afr.pdf

2022

2022 Eastern Cape June

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 MEMO JUNE2022 English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 QP JUNE2022 English.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 QP JUNE2022 Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES GR12 MEMO JUNE2022 Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

2022 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

LIFE SCIENCES P1 and P2 ERRATA.pdf

Errata

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT2022 English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT2022 Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2022 English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2022 Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 QP SEPT2022 English.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2022 English Final.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2022 Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2022 Sesotho Versioned.pdf

MemoSES

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2022 IsiXhosa Final versioned.pdf

MemoISI

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT2022 Sesotho.pdf

MemoSES

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT2022 isixhosa P1.pdf

MemoISI

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 QP SEPT2022 Afrikaans.pdf

AF

2022 Free State Mock Exam

FS LIFE SCIENCES SEPT 2022 P2 and Memo.pdf

Memo

FS LIFE SCIENCES SEPT 2022 P1 and Memo.pdf

Memo

2022 Gauteng Mock Exam

Gr12 Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) SEP 2022 Question Paper.pdf

AF

Gr12 Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) SEP 2022 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

Gr12 Life Sciences P1 (English) SEP 2022 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoEN

Gr12 Life Sciences P2 (English) SEP 2022 Question Paper.pdf

EN

Gr12 Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) SEP 2022 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

Gr12 Life Sciences P2 (English) SEP 2022 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoEN

Gr12 Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) SEP 2022 Question Paper.pdf

AF

Gr12 Life Sciences P1 (English) SEP 2022 Question Paper.pdf

EN

2022 KZN March

LS-March-2022-Gr12-QP-and-Memo.pdf

QP + Memo

2022 Limpopo Mock Exam

Limpopo Life Sciences Grade 12 SEPT 2022 P2 and Memo.pdf

Memo

Limpopo Life Sciences Grade 12 SEPT 2022 P1 and Memo.pdf

Memo

2022 Mpumalanga Mock Exam

MP Life Sciences Grade 12 SEPT 2022 P1 and Memo.pdf

Memo

MP Life Sciences Grade 12 SEPT 2022 P2 and Memo.pdf

Memo

2022 NSC June Exam

Life Sciences P2 May June 2022 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2022 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2022 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2022 MG Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2022 MG Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2022 MG Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2022 MG Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2022 Eng.pdf

2022 NSC November Exam

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2022 MG Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2022 MG Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2022 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2022 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2022 MG Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2022 MG Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2022 MG Afr (1).pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2022 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2022 Afr.pdf

2021

2021 Eastern Cape June

LIFE SCIENCES QP GR12 JUNE 2020 English.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES QP GR12 JUNE 2020 Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES MEMO GR12 JUNE 2020 English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES MEMO GR12 JUNE 2020 Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

2021 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2021 Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2021 English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 MEMO SEPT2021 isiXhosa.pdf

MemoISI

LIFE SCIENCES P1 QP GR12 SEPT2021 English.pdf

EN

Life Sciences P2 Sept2021 Prep Errata.pdf

Errata

LIFE SCIENCES P1 QP GR12 SEPT2021 Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES P1 MEMO GR12 SEPT2021 isiXhosa.pdf

MemoISI

LIFE SCIENCES P1 MEMO GR12 SEPT2021 Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES P1 MEMO GR12 SEPT2021 English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES QP SEPT2021 Sesotho DD.pdf

SES

LIFE SCIENCES P2 QP GR12 SEPT2021 XHOSA D.pdf

LIFE SCIENCES P2 QP GR12 SEPT2021 SESOTHO D.pdf

SES

LIFE SCIENCES P2 MEMO SEPT2021 Sesotho.pdf

MemoSES

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2021 ENG D.pdf

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2021 AFR D.pdf

LIFE SCIENCES P1 SEPT. 2021 SESOTHO.pdf

SES

LIFE SCIENCES P1 QP SEPT 2021 Xhosa D.pdf

2021 Gauteng Mock Exam

Gr12 Life Sciences P1 (English) 2021 Preparatory Possible Answers.pdf

MemoEN

Gr12 Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) 2021 Preparatory Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

Gr12 Life Sciences P2 (English) 2021 Preparatory Possible Answers.pdf

MemoEN

Gr12 Life Sciences P2 (English) 2021 Preparatory Question Paper.pdf

EN

Gr12 Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) 2021 Preparatory Question Paper.pdf

AF

Gr12 Life Sciences P1 (English) 2021 Preparatory Question Paper.pdf

EN

Gr12 Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) 2021 Preparatory Question Paper.pdf

AF

Gr12 Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) 2021 Preparatory Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

2021 KwaZulu Natal Mock Exam

LIFE SCIENCES Grade 12 Trial 2021 P1 and Memo.pdf

Memo

LIFE SCIENCES Grade 12 Trial 2021 P2 and Memo.pdf

Memo

2021 KZN March

LIFE.SC-April-QP and Memo-2021-Gr12.pdf

QP + Memo

2021 NSC June Exam

Life Sciences P1 May June 2021 MG Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2021 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2021 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2021 MG Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2021 MG Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2021 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2021 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2021 MG Afr.pdf

2021 NSC November Exam

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2021 MG Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2021 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2021 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2021 MG Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2021 MG Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2021 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2021 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2021 MG Afr.pdf

Life Sciences

Life Sciences GR 12 Exam Guidelines 2021 Afr.pdf

Guidelines

Life Sciences GR 12 Exam Guidelines 2021 Eng.pdf

Guidelines

2020

2020 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR 12 MEMO SEPT2020 Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2020 English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2020 English.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2020 Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR 12 MEMO SEPT2020 English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2020 Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES P1 QP GR12 SEPT2020 English.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES P1 QP GR12 SEPT2020 Afrikaans.pdf

AF

2020 Gauteng Mock Exam

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) 2020 Preparatory Question Paper.pdf

AF

Grade 12 NCS Life Sciences P2 (English) 2020 Preparatory Question Paper.pdf

EN

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (English) 2020 Preparatory Possible Answers.pdf

MemoEN

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) 2020 Preparatory Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) 2020 Preparatory Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (English) 2020 Preparatory Possible Answers.pdf

MemoEN

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) 2020 Preparatory Question Paper.pdf

AF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (English) 2020 Preparatory Question Paper.pdf

EN

2020 KZN March

LIFE.SC-March-QP and Memo-2020-Gr12.pdf

QP + Memo

2020 NSC November Exam

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2020 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2020 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2020 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2020 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2020 Afr (2).pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2020 Eng (2).pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2020 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2020 Eng.pdf

2019

2019 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

LIFE SCIENCES P1 MEMO SEPT2019 Afrikaans final.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES P1 MEMO SEPT2019 English final2.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 QP SEPT2019 Afrikaans final.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES P1 QP SEPT2019 English final.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES P1 QP SEPT2019 Afrikaans final.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES P2 QP SEPT2019 English final.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 MEMO SEPT2019 English final.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 MEMO SEPT2019 Afrikaans final.pdf

MemoAF

2019 EC June

Life Sciences QP June 2019 English.pdf

EN

Life Sciences Memo June 2019 Eng.pdf

Memo

2019 Gauteng Mock Exam

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) 2019 Preparatory Examination Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (English) 2019 Preparatory Examination Possible Answers.pdf

MemoEN

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (English) X10 2019 Preparatory Examination Question Paper.pdf

EN

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (English) X05 2019 Preparatory Examination Question Paper.pdf

EN

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) X10 2019 Preparatory Examination Question Paper.pdf

AF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) X10 2019 Preparatory Examination Question Paper (1).pdf

AF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) X05 2019 Preparatory Examination Question Paper.pdf

AF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (English) X10 2019 Preparatory Examination Question Paper.pdf

EN

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) X05 2019 Preparatory Examination Question Paper.pdf

AF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (English) X05 2019 Preparatory Examination Question Paper.pdf

EN

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) X10 2019 Preparatory Examination Question Paper.pdf

AF

2019 KZN March

LIFE.SC-March-QP and Memo-2019-Gr12.pdf

QP + Memo

2019 North West Mock Exam

NW NSC PREP LEWENS V2 MEMO SEPT 2019.pdf

Memo

NW LEWENS WET V1 MEMO AFR Sept 2019.pdf

Memo

NW NSC PREP LIFE SC P2 SEPT 2019.pdf

NW LFSC P1 Sept 2019.pdf

NW LFSC P1 MEMO Sept 2019.pdf

Memo

NW NSC PREP LEWENS V2 SEPT 2019.pdf

NW NSC PREP LIFE SC P2 MEMO SEPT 2019.pdf

Memo

NW LEWENS WET V1 AFR Sept 2019.pdf

2019 NSC June Exam

Life Sciences P2 May June 2019 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 May June 2019 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2019 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2019 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2019 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 May June 2019 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 May June 2019 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 May June 2019 Eng.pdf

2019 NSC November Exam

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2019 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2019 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2019 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2019 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2019 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2019 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2019 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2019 Eng.pdf

2018

2018 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 QP SEPT2018 Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 QP SEPT2018 Eng D.pdf

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT2018 AFR D.pdf

Memo

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 MEMO SEPT2018 Eng D.pdf

Memo

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2018 Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2018 English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 QP SEPT2018 English.pdf

EN

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 QP SEPT2018 Afr D.pdf

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2018 Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2018 English.pdf

EN

Life Sciences Grade 12 P2 September Errata.pdf

Errata

2018 EC June

Life Sciences Gr12 Memo June2018 English.pdf

MemoEN

Life Sciences Gr12 QP June2018 Eng.pdf

2018 Gauteng Mock Exam

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 Preparatory 2018 Possible Answer.pdf

Memo

Grade 12 NSC Life Science P1 Afrikaans Preparatory 2018 Question Paper.pdf

AF

Grade 12 NSC Life Science P1 Afrikaans Preparatory 2018 Question Paper.pdf

AF

Grade 12 NSC Life Science P1 (Afrikaans) Preparatory 2018 Possible Answer.pdf

MemoAF

Grade 12 NSC Life Science P2 X5 Preparatory Question Paper 2018.pdf

Grade 12 NSC Life Science P2 X5 Afrikaans Preparatory Question Paper 2018.pdf

AF

Grade 12 NSC Life Science P1 Preparatory 2018 Possible Answer.pdf

Memo

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 Afrikaans Prepartory 2018 Possible Answer.pdf

MemoAF

Grade 12 NSC Life Science P2 (Afrikaans) Preparatory 2018 Possible Answer.pdf

MemoAF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) Preparatory 2018 Possible Answer.pdf

MemoAF

2018 KZN March

LIFE.SC-March-QP and Memo-2018-Gr12.pdf

QP + Memo

2018 NSC June Exam

Life Sciences P1 May June 2018 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2018 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 May June 2018 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 May June 2018 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 May June 2018 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 May June 2018 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2018 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2018 Eng.pdf

2018 NSC November Exam

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2018 FINAL Memo Eng..pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2018 FINAL Memo Afr..pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2018 FINALMemo Eng..pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2018 FINAL Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2018 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2018 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2018 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2018 Afr.pdf

2018 NSC Supplementary Exam

Life Sciences P2 Feb March 2018 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Feb March 2018 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Feb March 2018 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Feb March 2018 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Feb March 2018 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Feb March 2018 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Feb March 2018 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Feb March 2018 Afr.pdf

2017

2017 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

LIFE SCIENCES P1 ERRATA.pdf

Errata

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2017 English.pdf

MemoEN

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2017 Afrikaans.pdf

MemoAF

Life Sciences P1 Memo.pdf

Memo

Lewenswetenskappe V1 Memo.pdf

Memo

Lewenswetenskappe V1.pdf

Life Sciences P1.pdf

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2017 Afrikaans.pdf

AF

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2017 English.pdf

EN

2017 EC June

Life Sciences Memo June 2017 English.pdf

MemoEN

Life Sciences Qp June 2017 English.pdf

EN

2017 Gauteng Mock Exam

Grade 12 NSC Life Science P1 Preparatory 2017 Question Paper.pdf

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 Preparatory 2017 Question Paper.pdf

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) Preparatory 2017 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

Grade 12 NSC Life Science P2 Preparatory 2017 Possible Answers.pdf

Memo

Grade 12 NSC Life Science P1 Preparatory 2017 Possible Answers.pdf

Memo

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) Preparatory 2017 Question Paper.pdf

AF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) Preparatory 2017 Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

Grade 12 NSC Life Science P1 (Afrikaans) Preparatory 2017 Question Paper.pdf

AF

2017 KZN March

LIFE.SC-March-QP and Memo-2017-Gr12.pdf

QP + Memo

2017 NSC June Exam

Life Sciences P1 May June 2017 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 May June 2017 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2017 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2017 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2017 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2017 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 May June 2017 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 May June 2017 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

2017 NSC November Exam

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2017 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2017 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2017 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2017 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2017 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2017 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2017 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2017 Eng.pdf

2017 NSC Supplementary Exam

Life Sciences P2 Feb March 2017 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Feb March 2017 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Feb March 2017 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Feb March 2017 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Feb March 2017 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Feb March 2017 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Feb March 2017 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Feb March 2017 Eng.pdf

2016

2016 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 SEPT2016 MEMO Engl final.pdf

Memo

LIFE SC P1 GR12 S16 MEMO ENG.pdf

Memo

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 SEPT2016 MEMO Afr final.pdf

Memo

LIFE SC P1 GR12 S16 QP ENG.pdf

LIFE SC P1 GR12 S16 QP AFR.pdf

LIFE SC P1 GR12 S16 MEMO AFR.pdf

Memo

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 SEPT2016 QP Engl FINAL.pdf

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 SEPT2016 QP AFR FINAL.pdf

2016 EC June

Lfsc Memo Eng Jun2016.pdf

Memo

Lfsc Qp Eng Jun2016.pdf

2016 Gauteng Mock Exam

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 10832 Preperatory 2016 Question Paper.pdf

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 10832 (Afrikaans) Preperatory 2016 Question Paper.pdf

AF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 Preperatory 2016 Possible Answers.pdf

Memo

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 Preperatory 2016 Possible Answers.pdf

Memo

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 10832 Preperatory 2016 Question Paper.pdf

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 10832 (Afrikaans) Preperatory 2016 Question Paper.pdf

AF

2016 KZN March

LIFE.SC-March-QP and Memo-2016-Gr12.pdf

QP + Memo

2016 NSC June Exam

Life Sciences P2 May June 2016 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 May June 2016 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 May June 2016 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2016 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2016 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 May June 2016 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 May June 2016 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 May June 2016 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

2016 NSC November Exam

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2016 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2016 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2016 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2016 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2016 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2016 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2016 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2016 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

2016 NSC Supplementary Exam

Life Sciences P1 Feb March 2016 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Feb March 2016 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Feb March 2016 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Feb March 2016 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Feb March 2016 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Feb March 2016 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Feb March 2016 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Feb March 2016 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

2015

2015 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

LFSC P1 GR12 QP ENG SEPT2015.pdf

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2015 Eng.pdf

LIFE SC P1 MEMO ENG SEPT2015 LW.pdf

Memo

LIFE SC P1 MEMO AFR SEPT2015.pdf

Memo

LFSC P1 GR12 QP AFR SEPT2015 LW.pdf

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2015 Afr (final).pdf

Memo

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 MEMO SEPT2015 Eng.pdf

Memo

LIFE SCIENCES P2 GR12 QP SEPT2015 Afr (final).pdf

2015 Gauteng Mock Exam

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) 2015 Preparatory Examination Question Paper.pdf

AF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (English) 2015 Preparatory Examination Possible Answers.pdf

MemoEN

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) 2015 Preparatory Examination Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (English) 2015 Preparatory Exam Question Paper.pdf

EN

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (Afrikaans) 2015 Preparatory Examination Possible Answers.pdf

MemoAF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (English) 2015 Preparatory Exam Question Paper.pdf

EN

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P1 (Afrikaans) 2015 Preparatory Question Paper.pdf

AF

Grade 12 NSC Life Sciences P2 (English) 2015 Preparatory Examination Possible Answers.pdf

MemoEN

2015 KZN March

LIFE.SC-March-QP and Memo-2015-Gr12.pdf

QP + Memo

2015 NSC June Exam

Life Sciences P2 June July 2015 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 June July 2015 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 June July 2015 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 June July 2015 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 June July 2015 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 June July 2015 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 June July 2015 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

2015 NSC November Exam

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2015 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2015 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2015 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2015 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2015 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2015 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2015 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2015 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

2015 NSC Supplementary Exam

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2015 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2015 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2015 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2015 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2015 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2015 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2015 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2015 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

2014

2014 Eastern Cape June

LIFE SCIENCE JUNE 2014 QP FINAL KZN.pdf

LIFE SCIENCES P1 GR12 JUNE 2014.pdf

2014 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

LFSC P1 GR12 MEMO ENG SEPT2014.pdf

Memo

LFSC P1 GR12 MEMO AFR SEPT2014.pdf

Memo

LFSC P2 GR12 SEPT2014 MEMO AFR.pdf

Memo

LFSC P2 GR12 SEPT2014 MEMO ENG.pdf

Memo

LFSC P1 GR12 QP AFR SEPT2014.pdf

LFSC P1 GR12 QP ENG SEPT2014.pdf

LFSC P2 GR12 SEPT2014 QP AFR.pdf

LFSC P2 GR12 SEPT2014 QP ENG FINAL.pdf

2014 NSC November Exam

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2014 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2014 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2014 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2014 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2014 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2014 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2014 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2014 Afr.pdf

2013

2013 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

Gr12 LFSC P2 MEMO AFR.pdf

Memo

Gr12 LFSC P2 S13 QP Eng.pdf

Gr12 LFSC P2 S13 QP AFR.pdf

LEWENSWET V1 QP.pdf

LFSC P1 QP ENG.pdf

LFSC P1 MEMO ENG.pdf

Memo

LEWENSWET V1 MEMO.pdf

Memo

Gr12 LFSC P2 MEMO Eng.pdf

Memo

2013 NSC June

Biology P1 HG 2013 QP.pdf

Biology P2 SG 2013 QP.pdf

Biology P2 SG 2013 Memo.pdf

Memo

Biology P2 HG 2013 Memo.pdf

Memo

Biology P2 (SG) 2013 Memo.pdf

Memo

Biology P1 (SG) 2013 Memo.pdf

Memo

Biology P1 (HG) 2013 Memo.pdf

Memo

Biology P2 HG 2013 QP.pdf

2013 NSC November Exam

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2013 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2013 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2013 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2013 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2013 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2013 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2013 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2013 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

2013 NSC Supplementary

Life Sciences P1 Feb-March 2013 Version 1 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Feb-March 2013 Version 1 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Feb-March 2013 Version 2 Eng.pdf

2012

2012 Eastern Cape Mock Exam

LFSC V2 GR12 SEP2012 QP Afr.pdf

LFSC P2 GR12 SEP2012 QP Eng.pdf

LFSC P1 S11 QP Afr.pdf

LFSC P1 S11 QP Eng.pdf

LFSC V2 GR12 SEP2012 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

LFSC P2 GR12 SEP2012 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

LFSC P1 S11 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

LFSC P1 S11 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

2012 NSC November Exam

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2012 Version 1 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2012 Version 1 Eng.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2012 Version 1 Afr.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2012 Version 1 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2012 Version 1 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2012 Version 1 Memo Eng.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P1 Nov 2012 Version 1 Memo Afr.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Nov 2012 Version 1 Eng.pdf

2012 NSC Supplementary

Life Sciences P2 Feb-March 2012 Afr Version 2.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Feb-March 2012 Eng Version 2.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Feb-March 2012 Eng Version 1.pdf

Life Sciences P1 Feb-March 2012 Memo Eng Version 1.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Feb-March 2012 Memo Eng Version 2.pdf

Memo

Life Sciences P2 Feb-March 2012 Eng Version 2.pdf

Life Sciences P2 Feb-March 2012 Eng Version 1.pdf

2 free downloads remaining

Sign up for unlimited downloads

Browse by Year

20252024202320222021202020192018201720162015201420132012

Access all past papers for free

Sign up to unlock Grade 12 Life Sciences past papers and track your progress.

Sign up free

Related Resources

Grade 8 Life Sciences Past Papers & MemosGrade 9 Life Sciences Past Papers & MemosGrade 10 Life Sciences Past Papers & MemosGrade 11 Life Sciences Past Papers & MemosGrade 12 Accounting Past Papers & MemosGrade 12 Business Studies Past Papers & MemosGrade 12 Dramatic Arts Past Papers & MemosGrade 12 Economics Past Papers & MemosGrade 12 Electrical Technology Past Papers & MemosGrade 12 Engineering Graphic And Design Past Papers & MemosGrade 12 English Fal Past Papers & MemosGrade 12 English Hl Past Papers & Memos

Frequently Asked Questions

Are the Grade 12 Life Sciences past papers official?

Yes. Every question paper and memorandum on Hlayiso is sourced from the official Department of Basic Education (DBE) and provincial education departments.

Which years are available?

Grade 12 Life Sciences past papers from 2015 to the most recent NSC release, including trial and preliminary papers where available.

Are memos included?

Yes — every question paper on Hlayiso is paired with its official memo so you can mark your own work.

Can I download Life Sciences papers for free?

Guests get 2 free downloads per month. Sign up free to unlock unlimited downloads and track what you’ve completed.