PHYS SCIENCES P2 QP GR11 NOV2023_English_hlayiso.com_.pdf

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 11 NOVEMBER 2023 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (CHEMISTRY) MARKS: 150 TIME: 3 hours This question paper consists of 21 pages including 4 data sheets and an answer sheet.

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 2 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. Write your full NAME and SURNAME in the appropriate spaces on the ANSWER BOOK. 2. This question paper consists of NINE questions. Answer ALL the questions in the ANSWER BOOK. 3. Start EACH question on a NEW page in the ANSWER BOOK. 4. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. 5. Leave ONE line between two sub-questions, for example between QUESTION 2.1 and QUESTION 2.2. 6. You may use a non-programmable calculator. 7. You may use appropriate mathematical instruments. 8. Show ALL formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations. 9. Round off your FINAL numerical answers to a minimum of TWO decimal places. 10. Give brief motivations, discussions, et cetera where required. 11. You are advised to use the attached DATA SHEETS. 12. Write neatly and legibly. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 3 QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (1.1 to 1.10) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.11 D. 1.1 Consider the definition given below: The high energy transition state between products and reactants. This is the definition of … A a catalyst. B heat of reaction. C activation energy. D activated complex. (2) 1.2 Which ONE of the following ions can act as an ampholyte? A HCO3– B NH4+ C NO3– D H3O+ (2) 1.3 Consider the interatomic bonds shown below: C–H C–O Which ONE of the following combinations regarding the bond length and polarity of the bonds is CORRECT? Shortest bond length Most polar bond A C–H C–O B C–O C–H C C–O C–O D C–H C–H (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 4 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) 1.4 The conjugate base of the ion, H2PO4– is … A PO43 –. B H2O. C HPO42–. D H3PO4. (2) 1.5 The table below shows the melting points of water (H2O) and hydrogen bromide (HBr). Compounds Melting point (K) H2O 273 HBr 159 Which combination below CORRECTLY lists the strongest intermolecular forces in H2O and HBr that explain the relatively high melting points of these compounds? In H2O there are: In HBr there are: A Hydrogen bonds London forces B Hydrogen bonds Dipole-dipole forces C Dipole-dipole forces Hydrogen bonds D London forces Hydrogen bonds (2) 1.6 A pair of electrons that is shared between two atoms in a covalent bond is called … A lone pair. B bond length. C bonding pair. D valence electrons. (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 5 1.7 Air in a gas syringe is compressed to half its original volume while the temperature remains constant. Which ONE of the following combinations are CORRECT regarding the gas pressure and the average speed of the gas particles? Pressure Average speed of gas particles A Increases Decreases B Decreases Increases C Increases Remain constant D Decreases Remain constant (2) 1.8 Consider the following reaction: 2 H2S(g) + SO2(g) → 3 S(s) + 2 H2O Which ONE of the combinations regarding the reducing agent and oxidising agent in this reaction is CORRECT? Reducing agent Oxidising agent A H2S SO2 B SO2 H2S C S H2O D SO2 S (2) 1.9 Which ONE of the following has polar covalent bonds but has only London dispersion forces between its molecules? A NH3 B HBr C CO2 D H2S (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 6 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) 1.10 Consider the following incomplete reactions of sulphuric acid, H2SO4: (I) CuO + H2SO4 (II) CuCO3 + H2SO4 (III) Cu(OH)2 + H2SO4 Which reaction(s) will produce CuSO4 and water as the only products of the reaction? A I only B II only C Both I and III D Both II and III (2) [20] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 7 QUESTION 2 (Start on a new page.) 2.1 Consider the following compounds: NH3 H3O+ BCℓ3 NaCℓ HCN 2.1.1 Define the term molecule. (2) Write down the formula of the compound from the given list that has: 2.1.2 A dative covalent bond (1) 2.1.3 Ionic bonds (1) 2.1.4 Ion-dipole forces when dissolved in water (1) 2.2 Draw the Lewis structure for the following molecules: 2.2.1 NH3 (2) 2.2.2 HCN (2) 2.3 How many lone pairs of electrons are in one molecule of NH3? (1) 2.4 Is BCℓ3 a POLAR or NON-POLAR molecule? Explain your answer by referring to molecular shape and polarity of the bonds in the molecule. (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 8 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) 2.5 The graph below shows the relationship between potential energy and the internuclear distance between two hydrogen atoms. Potential energy (kJ·mol-1) A C 74 Internuclear distance (pm) - 436 B 2.5.1 Define the term bond energy. (2) 2.5.2 Which point (A, B or C) on the graph represents the point of maximum force of attraction between the nuclei of the two hydrogen atoms? (1) 2.6 Consider the following table. Bond Bond energy (kJ·mol-1) C–C 346 C=C 610 C≡C 835 2.6.1 Which ONE of the bonds shown in the table above will have the shortest bond length? (1) 2.6.2 Give a reason for your answer to QUESTION 2.6.1. (2) [20] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 9 QUESTION 3 (Start on a new page.) The table below shows the boiling points of group 4 compounds. Compound Boiling point (o C) A CH4 -161,6 B SiH4 -112,0 C GeH4 -88,5 D SnH4 -52,0 E HCℓ X 3.1 Define boiling point. (2) 3.2 Write down the phase of compounds A to D at room temperature. (1) 3.3 Explain the trend in the boiling points of compounds A to D. (3) 3.4 Which compound in the table (A to D) will have the highest vapour pressure? Give a reason for your answer by referring to the data in the table. (2) 3.5 How will the value of X compare to the boiling point of CH4? Choose from HIGHER THAN, LOWER THAN or EQUAL to. (1) 3.6 Fully explain your answer to QUESTION 3.5. (3) [12] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) QUESTION 4 (Start on a new page.) A group of learners investigate the relationship between the pressure and the volume of a gas. The gas syringe is connected to apparatus X as shown below. Apparatus X syringe The learners vary the volume and record the pressure and volume. They calculated the inverse of the volume and recorded it with the pressure readings in table shown below. Pressure (kPa) 1/volume (cm-3) 1 92,5 0,05 2 111 0,06 3 129,5 0,07 4 148 0,08 4.1 Write down the name of the gas law that is being investigated. (1) 4.2 For this investigation, write down ONE controlled variable. (1) 4.3 Give the name of apparatus X. (1) 4.4 Use the data in the table and draw a pressure against 1/ volume graph on the attached ANSWER SHEET marked ANNEXURE A. (4) 4.5 Using information from the graph write down the learners’ conclusion. (2) 4.6 Calculate the volume of the gas at a pressure of 184 kPa. (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 11 4.7 The graph of pressure versus volume of an enclosed gas at constant temperature for a real gas and an ideal gas is shown below. Ideal gas Real gas p (kPa) V (dm3) Explain the deviation of a real gas from ideal gas behaviour as shown in the graph above. (2) 4.8 Give ONE reason in terms of the TYPE and STRENGTH of intermolecular forces why ammonia gas, NH3 will deviate from ideal gas at low temperatures. (2) [17] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 12 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) QUESTION 5 (Start on a new page.) 5.1 1,56 g of calcium carbonate is heated as shown in diagram below. 1,56 g CaCO3 The calcium carbonate decomposes according to the balanced equation: CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g) ∆H > 0 0,163 g of CO2 is produced during this decomposition. 5.1.1 Is this reaction ENDOTHERMIC or EXOTHERMIC? (1) 5.1.2 Give a reason for your answer in QUESTION 5.1.1. (2) 5.1.3 Describe Avogadro’s number. (1) 5.1.4 Calculate the: (a) Number of CO2 molecules produced (4) (b) Mass of CaCO3 that remains unreacted in the flask at the completion of the reaction (5) 5.2 A compound with a molar mass of 162 g·mol-1 has the following mass composition: 44,4% C 6,21% H 39,5% S 9,86% O Determine the molecular formula of the compound. (7) [20] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 13 QUESTION 6 (Start on a new page.) x grams sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) reacts with 0,028 mol of hydrochloric acid (HCℓ) at 25 °C. The balanced equation for the reaction is: Na2CO3 (s) + 2 HCℓ → 2 NaCℓ (aq) + H2O (ℓ) + CO2 (g) 448 cm3 of CO2 gas is produced during this reaction. The molar volume at 25 °C is 24,47 dm3·mol-1. 6.1 Define the term limiting reagent. (2) 6.2 Name the law that states that: ONE mole of any gas occupies the same volume at the same temperature and pressure. (1) 6.3 Determine by calculation which substance is the liming reagent, Na2CO3 or HCℓ. (5) 6.4 Calculate the value of x. (4) [12] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 14 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) QUESTION 7 (Start on a new page.) Consider the following reaction: 4 NH3(g) + 5 O2 (g) ⇌ 4 NO(g) + 6 H2O(g) Δ H = - 216,7 kJ·mol-1 The graph below shows the potential energy against the course of this reaction. 2 670 Q Potential energy (kJ·mol-1) P Reactants P 400 Products X R Course of reaction 7.1 Define activation energy. (2) 7.2 What do the following sections of the graph represent? 7.2.1 RP (1) 7.2.2 QP (1) 7.3 Determine by calculation the value of X. (3) 7.4 What effect will the addition of suitable catalyst to the reaction mixture have on the activation energy of the reaction? Choose from INCREASES, DECREASES or NO EFFECT. (1) 7.5 60 cm3 of NH3 reacts completely with 90 cm3 of O2 at the same temperature and pressure in a container that can expand. Calculate the TOTAL THEORETICAL VOLUME (in dm3) of the gases present in the container at the completion of the reaction. (5) 7.6 Will the measured TOTAL volume of the gases at the completion of the reaction be HIGHER or LOWER than the value calculated in QUESTION 7.5? (1) [14] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 15 QUESTION 8 (Start on a new page.) 8.1 Consider the following acid-base reaction that occurs in an indicator, HIn: HIn (aq) + H2O(ℓ) ⇌ In – (aq) + X (aq) 8.1.1 Define an acid according to the Lowry-Brønsted theory. (2) 8.1.2 Is the indicator (HIn) an acid or a base in the reaction? Give a reason for your answer. (2) 8.1.3 Write down the formula of X. (1) The indicator has the following colours in different solutions: Acid Neutral Base Yellow Green Blue 8.1.4 What will the colour of the indicator be when it is added to a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution? Choose from YELLOW, GREEN or BLUE. (1) 8.2 A school laboratory has 100 cm3 of hydrochloric acid (HCℓ) solution with a concentration of 0,9 mol·dm-3 available. 8.2.1 Define concentration in words. (2) 8.2.2 Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid (HCℓ) present in 100 cm3 of this solution. (3) All of the 100 cm3 hydrochloric acid solution is allowed to react with 3,5 g of an unknown metal carbonate (MCO3) according to the balanced equation: MCO3 (s) + 2 HCℓ (aq) → MCℓ2 (aq) + 2 H2O (ℓ) + CO2 (g) The hydrochloric acid solution is found to be in EXCESS. The EXCESS hydrochloric acid (HCℓ) is neutralised by 25 cm3 of a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution with a concentration 0,8 mol·dm-3 . The neutralisation reaction of the excess HCℓ solution is shown below: NaOH (aq) + HCℓ (aq) → NaCℓ (aq) + H2O (ℓ) 8.2.3 Determine by calculation the symbol of the unknown metal, M. (7) [18] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 16 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) QUESTION 9 (Start on a new page.) 9.1 A clean piece of copper (Cu) is placed in a solution of silver nitrate (AgNO3). The balanced net ionic equation is: Cu (s) + 2 Ag+ (aq) ⇌ Cu2+ (aq) + 2 Ag (s) 9.1.1 Define reduction in terms of electron transfer. (2) 9.1.2 What type of reaction does copper, Cu undergo in this equation? Choose from OXIDATION or REDUCTION. Explain your answer by referring to oxidation numbers. (3) Write down the: 9.1.3 Formula or name of the spectator ions in the reaction (1) 9.1.4 Reduction half reaction (2) 9.2 Sulphur dioxide gas (SO2) is bubbled into an acidified solution of potassium permanganate as shown in the diagram below. SO2(g) Acidified MnO4– (aq) It is observed that the solution turns from purple to colourless due to the reduction of MnO4– ions to Mn2+ ions. During the reaction SO2 is oxidised to sulphate ions, SO42–. 9.2.1 Determine the oxidation number of sulphur, S in SO42–. (2) Write down the: 9.2.2 Oxidation half reaction (2) 9.2.3 Balanced net ionic equation using the half reaction method (5) [17] TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 17 NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE NASIONALE SENIOR SERTIFIKAAT DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 11 PAPER 2 (CHEMISTRY) GEGEWENS VIR FISIESE WETENSKAPPE GRAAD 11 VRAESTEL 2 (CHEMIE) TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS/TABEL 1: FISIESE KONSTANTES NAAM/NAME SIMBOOL/SYMBOL WAARDE/VALUE Standard pressure p 1,013 × 105 Pa Standaarddruk Molar gas volume at STP Vm 22,4 dm3∙mol-1 Molêre gasvolume teen STD Standard temperature Tθ 273 K Standaardtemperatuur Charge on electron e -1,6 × 10-19 C Lading op elektron Avogadro’s constant NA 6,02 × 1023 mol-1 Avogadro se konstante TABLE 2: FORMULAE/TABEL 2: FORMULES m n m n = M OR/OF c = V OR/OF c = p1V1 = p2V2 MV N n= N OR/OF A V n= Vm Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 18 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) TABLE 3: THE PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS/TABEL 3: DIE PERIODIEKE TABEL VAN ELEMENTE 1 2 3 4 5 67 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 (I) (II) Atoomgetal (III) (IV) (V) (VI) (VII) (VIII) KEY/ SLEUTEL Atomic number 1 2 H He 2,1 1 29 4 Elektronegatiwiteit Simbool 3 4 1,9 Cu 5 6 7 8 9 10 Electronegativity Symbol Li Be B C N O F Ne 1,0 1,5 63,5 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 7 9 11 12 14 16 19 20 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Na Mg Benaderde relatiewe atoommassa Aℓ Si P S Cℓ Ar 0,9 1,2 Approximate relative atomic mass 1,5 1,8 2,1 2,5 3,0 23 24 27 28 31 32 35,5 40 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr 0,8 1,0 1,3 1,5 1,6 1,6 1,5 1,8 1,8 1,8 1,9 1,6 1,6 1,8 2,0 2,4 2,8 39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 63,5 65 70 73 75 79 80 84 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe 0,8 1,0 1,2 1,4 1,8 1,9 2,2 2,2 2,2 1,9 1,7 1,7 1,8 1,9 2,1 2,5 86 88 89 91 92 96 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tℓ Pb Bi Po At Rn 0,7 133 0,9 137 139 1,6 179 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 1,8204 1,8 207 1,9 209 2,0 2,5 87 88 89 Fr Ra Ac 0,7 0,9 226 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu 140 141 144 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr 232 238 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 19 TABLE 4A: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS TABEL 4A: STANDAARD REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE Half-reactions/Halfreaksies Eθ (V) F2(g) + 2e− ⇌ 2F− + 2,87 Co 3+ +e − ⇌ Co2+ + 1,81 H2O2 + 2H+ +2e− ⇌ 2H2O +1,77 − MnO 4 + 8H+ + 5e− ⇌ Mn2+ + 4H2O + 1,51 Cℓ2(g) + 2e− ⇌ 2Cℓ− + 1,36 2− Cr2O 7 + 14H+ + 6e− ⇌ 2Cr3+ + 7H2O + 1,33 O2(g) + 4H + 4e + − ⇌ 2H2O + 1,23 MnO2 + 4H+ + 2e− ⇌ Mn2+ + 2H2O + 1,23 Pt2+ + 2e− ⇌ Pt + 1,20 Br2(ℓ) + 2e − ⇌ 2Br − + 1,07 − NO 3 + 4H+ + 3e− ⇌ Increasing reducing ability/Toenemende reduserende vermoë NO(g) + 2H2O + 0,96 Increasing oxidising ability/Toenemende oksiderende vermoë Hg 2+ + 2e − ⇌ Hg(ℓ) + 0,85 Ag+ + e− ⇌ Ag + 0,80 − NO 3 + 2H+ + e− ⇌ NO2(g) + H2O + 0,80 Fe3+ + e− ⇌ Fe2+ + 0,77 O2(g) + 2H + 2e + − ⇌ H2O2 + 0,68 I2 + 2e− ⇌ 2I− + 0,54 Cu+ + e− ⇌ Cu + 0,52 SO2 + 4H + 4e + − ⇌ S + 2H2O + 0,45 2H2O + O2 + 4e− ⇌ 4OH− + 0,40 Cu2+ + 2e− ⇌ Cu + 0,34 2− SO 4 + 4H+ + 2e− ⇌ SO2(g) + 2H2O + 0,17 Cu2+ + e− ⇌ Cu+ + 0,16 Sn 4+ + 2e − ⇌ Sn 2+ + 0,15 S + 2H+ + 2e− ⇌ H2S(g) + 0,14 2H+ + 2e− ⇌ H2(g) 0,00 Fe 3+ + 3e − ⇌ Fe − 0,06 Pb2+ + 2e− ⇌ Pb − 0,13 Sn2+ + 2e− ⇌ Sn − 0,14 Ni2+ + 2e− ⇌ Ni − 0,27 Co 2+ + 2e − ⇌ Co − 0,28 Cd2+ + 2e− ⇌ Cd − 0,40 Cr3+ + e− ⇌ Cr2+ − 0,41 Fe2+ + 2e− ⇌ Fe − 0,44 Cr 3+ + 3e − ⇌ Cr − 0,74 Zn2+ + 2e− ⇌ Zn − 0,76 2H2O + 2e− ⇌ H2(g) + 2OH− − 0,83 Cr 2+ + 2e − ⇌ Cr − 0,91 Mn2+ + 2e− ⇌ Mn − 1,18 Aℓ3+ + 3e− ⇌ Aℓ − 1,66 Mg2+ + 2e− ⇌ Mg − 2,36 + Na + e − ⇌ Na − 2,71 Ca2+ + 2e− ⇌ Ca − 2,87 Sr2+ + 2e− ⇌ Sr − 2,89 Ba2+ + 2e− ⇌ Ba − 2,90 + Cs + e - ⇌ Cs - 2,92 K+ + e− ⇌ K − 2,93 Li+ + e− ⇌ Li − 3,05 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 20 PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) TABLE 4B: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS TABEL 4B: STANDAARD REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE Half-reactions/Halfreaksies Eθ (V) Li+ + e− ⇌ Li − 3,05 + K +e − ⇌ K − 2,93 Cs+ + e− ⇌ Cs − 2,92 Ba2+ + 2e− ⇌ Ba − 2,90 Sr2+ + 2e− ⇌ Sr − 2,89 Ca2+ + 2e− ⇌ Ca − 2,87 Na+ + e− ⇌ Na − 2,71 Mg2+ + 2e− ⇌ Mg − 2,36 Aℓ + 3e 3+ − ⇌ Aℓ − 1,66 Mn2+ + 2e− ⇌ Mn − 1,18 Cr2+ + 2e− ⇌ Cr − 0,91 Increasing reducing ability/Toenemende reduserende vermoë 2H2O + 2e− ⇌ H2(g) + 2OH− − 0,83 Increasing oxidising ability/Toenemende oksiderende vermoë Zn2+ + 2e− ⇌ Zn − 0,76 Cr3+ + 3e− ⇌ Cr − 0,74 Fe2+ + 2e− ⇌ Fe − 0,44 3+ Cr + e − ⇌ Cr2+ − 0,41 Cd2+ + 2e− ⇌ Cd − 0,40 Co2+ + 2e− ⇌ Co − 0,28 Ni2+ + 2e− ⇌ Ni − 0,27 Sn2+ + 2e− ⇌ Sn − 0,14 2+ Pb + 2e − ⇌ Pb − 0,13 Fe3+ + 3e− ⇌ Fe − 0,06 2H+ + 2e− ⇌ H2(g) 0,00 S + 2H+ + 2e− ⇌ H2S(g) + 0,14 Sn4+ + 2e− ⇌ Sn2+ + 0,15 Cu2+ + e− ⇌ Cu+ + 0,16 2− SO 4 + 4H+ + 2e− ⇌ SO2(g) + 2H2O + 0,17 Cu2+ + 2e− ⇌ Cu + 0,34 2H2O + O2 + 4e− ⇌ 4OH− + 0,40 SO2 + 4H+ + 4e− ⇌ S + 2H2O + 0,45 Cu+ + e− ⇌ Cu + 0,52 I2 + 2e − ⇌ 2I − + 0,54 O2(g) + 2H+ + 2e− ⇌ H2O2 + 0,68 Fe3+ + e− ⇌ Fe2+ + 0,77 − NO 3 + 2H+ + e− ⇌ NO2(g) + H2O + 0,80 Ag+ + e− ⇌ Ag + 0,80 Hg2+ + 2e− ⇌ Hg(ℓ) + 0,85 − NO 3 + 4H+ + 3e− ⇌ NO(g) + 2H2O + 0,96 Br2(ℓ) + 2e− ⇌ 2Br− + 1,07 2+ Pt + 2 e − ⇌ Pt + 1,20 MnO2 + 4H+ + 2e− ⇌ Mn2+ + 2H2O + 1,23 O2(g) + 4H+ + 4e− ⇌ 2H2O + 1,23 2− Cr2O 7 + 14H+ + 6e− ⇌ 3+ 2Cr + 7H2O + 1,33 Cℓ2(g) + 2e− ⇌ 2Cℓ− + 1,36 − MnO 4 + 8H+ + 5e− ⇌ Mn2+ + 4H2O + 1,51 H2O2 + 2H+ +2 e− ⇌ 2H2O +1,77 Co3+ + e− ⇌ Co2+ + 1,81 F2(g) + 2e− ⇌ 2F− + 2,87 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com (EC/NOVEMBER 2023) PHYSICAL SCIENCES P2 21 ANNEXURE A: NAME AND SURNAME: ________________________ QUESTION 4.4 175 150 125 Pressure (kPa) 100 75 50 25 0 0,01 0,02 0,03 0,04 0,05 0,06 0,07 0,08 1/ volume (cm-3) Copyright reserved Please turn over