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ISIXHOSA FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE National Curriculum Statement (NCS) Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement Foundation Phase Grades 1-3    
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA BANGA 1-3 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Department of Basic Education 222 Struben Street Private Bag X895 Pretoria 0001 South Africa Tel: +27 12 357 3000 Fax: +27 12 323 0601 120 Plein Street Private Bag X9023 Cape Town 8000 South Africa Tel: +27 21 465 1701 Fax: +27 21 461 8110 Website: http://www.education.gov.za © 2011 Department of Basic Education Isbn: 978-1-4315-0418-3 Design and Layout by: Ndabase Printing Solution Printed by: Government Printing Works INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 FOREWORD by thE ministER Our national curriculum is the culmination of our efforts over a period of seventeen years to transform the curriculum bequeathed to us by apartheid. From the start of democracy we have built our curriculum on the values that inspired our Constitution (Act 108 of 1996). the Preamble to the Constitution states that the aims of the Constitution are to: • heal the divisions of the past and establish a society based on democratic values, social justice and fundamental human rights; • improve the quality of life of all citizens and free the potential of each person; • lay the foundations for a democratic and open society in which government is based on the will of the people and every citizen is equally protected by law; and • build a united and democratic South Africa able to take its rightful place as a sovereign state in the family of nations. Education and the curriculum have an important role to play in realising these aims. in 1997 we introduced outcomes-based education to overcome the curricular divisions of the past, but the experience of implementation prompted a review in 2000. This led to the first curriculum revision: the Revised National Curriculum Statement Grades R-9 and the National Curriculum Statement Grades 10-12 (2002). Ongoing implementation challenges resulted in another review in 2009 and we revised the Revised National Curriculum Statement (2002) and the National Curriculum Statement Grades 10-12 to produce this document. From 2012 the two national Curriculum statements, for Grades R-9 and Grades 10-12 respectively, are combined in a single document and will simply be known as the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12. the National Curriculum Statement for Grades R-12 builds on the previous curriculum but also updates it and aims to provide clearer specification of what is to be taught and learnt on a term-by-term basis. the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12 represents a policy statement for learning and teaching in south African schools and comprises of the following: (a) Curriculum and Assessment Policy statements (CAPs) for all approved subjects listed in this document; (b) National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12; and (c) National Protocol for Assessment Grades R-12. MRS ANGIE MOTSHEKGA, MP MINISTER OF BASIC EDUCATION CAPS
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 ISIQULATHO ICANDELO LOKU-1: INTSHAYELELO YENKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA . ....................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Imvelaphi .......................................................................................................................................................3 1.2 AmaGqabantshintshi.......................................................................................................................................3 1.3 Iinjongo eziphangaleleyo zekharityhulam yoMzantsi Afrika. ......................................................................4 1.4 Ukwabiwa kwexesha........................................................................................................................................6 1.4.1 IsiGaba esisisiSeko. ................................................................................................................................6 1.4.2 IsiGaba esiPhakathi.................................................................................................................................6 1.4.3 Isigaba esiPhezulu...................................................................................................................................7 1.4.4 Ibanga 10-12............................................................................................................................................7 ICANDELO 2: Ukwazisa iiLwimi............................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Intshayelelo......................................................................................................................................................8 2.2 Ukufundwa kolwimi lwesibini kusongezwa kolwasekhaya .........................................................................8 2.3 Imixholo eyahlukileyo yokufundisa ulwimi...................................................................................................9 2.4 Ukwabiwa kwexesha........................................................................................................................................9 2.5 Ukuhlola..........................................................................................................................................................10 2.6 Ukwaziswa kolwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo..........................................................................................10 2.7 Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha...........................................................................................................................10 2.8 Ukufunda nokubhala. ....................................................................................................................................12 2.8.1 Ukuboniswa kwezinto ezibhaliweyo ezisingqongileyo (environmental print).........................................13 2.8.2 UkuFunda noTitshala.............................................................................................................................13 2.8.3 UkuFunda ngokwaMaqela okuKhokelwayo...........................................................................................13 2.8.4 UkuFunda ngeziBini nokuZifundela ......................................................................................................15 2.8.5 Izandi .....................................................................................................................................................15 2.8.6 Ukuqatshelwa kwamagama...................................................................................................................16 2.8.7 Ukuqonda. .............................................................................................................................................16 2.8.8 Ukubhala................................................................................................................................................17 2.8.9 Izakhi nokusetyenziswa kolwimi............................................................................................................17 CAPS 1
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 ICANDELO 3: Isishwankathelo sekharityhulam yeelwimi.......................................................... 18 ICANDELO 4: IINTLOBO ZEETEKISI EZENZIWA KWISIGABA ESISISISEKO. ................................... 95 ULUHLU LWAMAGAMA.......................................................................................................................... 98 2 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 ICANDELO LOKU-1: INTSHAYELELO YENKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA 1.1 IMvelaphi INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 icacisa ipolisi yekharityhulam nokuhlola ezikolweni. Ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwayo, INkcazelo yeKharityhulam yeSizwe ihlaziyiwe, yaye olu hlaziyo luya kuqala ukusebenza ngeyoMqungu/ngoJanyuwari 2012. Isifundo ngasinye senzelwe uxwebhu olunye lwePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola endaweni yala maxwebhu madala angala: INkcazelo yeKharityhulam yeSizwe, isiKhokelo seNkqubo yokuFunda kunye nesiKhokelo sokuHlola sesiFundo kwiBanga R-12. 1.2 AmaGqabantshintshi (a) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 (eyoMqungu/Janyuwari 2012) imele inkcazelo yepolisi yokufunda nokufundisa kwizikolo zoMzantsi Afrika yaye iquka oku kulandelayo: (i) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yesifundo ngasinye kwezo zifundo zivunyiweyo zesikolo; (ii) Uxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12.; kunye (iii) Noxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, National Protocol for Assessment Grades R-12 (eyoMqungu/Janyuwari 2012). (b) Uxwebhu oluthi, INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 (eyoMqungu/Janyuwari 2012) lungena endaweni yala maxwebhu eNkcazelo yeKharityhulam yeSizwe mabini alandelayo: (i) iRevised National Curriculum Statement Grades R-9, Government Gazette No. 23406 of 31 May 2002, kunye (ii) neNational Curriculum Statement Grade 10-12 Government Gazettes, No 25545 of 6 October 2003 and No. 27594 of 17 May 2005. (c) Amaxwebhu eNkcazelo yeKharityhulam yeSizwe ekuthethwe ngawo kumhlathi b(i) no(ii), aquka la maxwebhu epolisi alandelayo, aza kuthi aye eyekiswa ngokuyekiswa, engenelelwa yiNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 (eyoMqungu/Janyuwari 2012) ngo2012 - 2014: (i) INkcazelo yeKharityhulam yeSizwe yezifundo ngezifundo, isiKhokelo seNkqubo yokuFundisa kunye nesiKhokelo sokuHlola sesiFundo seBanga R-9 neseBanga 10-12; (ii) Uxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, National Policy on assessment and qualifications for schools in the General Education and Training Band, olubhengezwe kwiGovernment Notice No. 124 ekwiGovernment Gazette No. 29626 of 12 February 2007; (iii) Uxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, the National Senior Certificate: A qualification at Level 4 on the National Qualifications Framework (NQF), olubhengezwe kwiGovernment Gazette No.27819 of 20 July 2005; CAPS 3
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 (iv) Uxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, An addendum to the policy document, the National Senior Certificate: A qualification at Level 4 on the National Qualifications Framework (NQF), regarding learners with special needs, olupapashwe kwiGovernment Gazette, No.29466 of 11 December 2006, lufakwe kuxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12; kunye (v) Noxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, An addendum to the policy document, the National Senior Certificate: A qualification at Level 4 on the National Qualifications Framework (NQF), regarding the National Protocol for Assessment (Grades R-12), olubhengezwe kwiGovernment Notice No.1267 kwiGovernment Gazette No. 29467 of 11 December 2006. (d) Uxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12; kunye namacandelo akwiPolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola njengoko ebonisiwe kwisahluko sesi-2, 3 nesesi-4 solu xwebhu aqulethe izithethe nemigangatho yeNkcazelo yeKharityhulam yeSizwe yeBanga R-12. Ngoko ke, olu xwebhu luya kuthi, ngokwecandelo 6A leSouth African Schools Act (uMthetho oLawula iZikolo zaseMzantsi Afrika), ka1996 (uMthetho wama-84 ka1996,) lwenze isiseko sokuxhobisa umPhathiswa wezeMfundo esisisiSeko ukuba akwazi ukubeka awona manqanaba aphantsi eziphumo nemigangatho, ngokunjalo neenkqubo nemigaqo yokuhlola impumelelo yabafundi, manqanaba lawo aza kusebenza kwizikolo zikarhulumente nezabucala. 1.3 IiNjongo eziPhangaleleyo zeKharityhulam yoMzantsi Afrika (a) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 inika isikhokelo kulwazi, izakhono nezithethe (izinto ezixabisekileyo) ezinokufundwa ezikolweni zaseMzantsi Afrika. Le kharityhulam ijonge ukuqinisekisa ukuba abafundi bafumana ulwazi bekwasebenzisa nezakhono ngeendlela ezihambelana nobomi babo bemihla ngemihla. Kungoko ke le kharityhulam ikhuthaza uluvo lokusebenzisa kakhulu iimeko zalapha, kodwa ibe ikwayise iso nemiba ebalulekileyo yehlabathi jikelele. (b) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 yenza oku kulandelayo: • Ixhobisa abafundi ngolwazi, izakhono nezithethe eziya kubanceda ukuba bakwazi ukuzimela nokuthabatha inxaxheba ekuhlaleni njengabemi belizwe elikhululekileyo; nokuba bavela kweyiphi imo yezentlalo, uhlanga, isini, bekhangeleka njani ngokomzimba okanye bekuliphi inqanaba lengqiqo; • Ivulela abafundi amathuba okuya kwimfundo ephakamileyo; • Incedisa abafundi ukuba bakwazi ukuphuma kumaziko emfundo baye kumaziko omsebenzi; yaye • Inika abaqeshi umfanekiso ocacileyo ngobuchule nolwazi abanalo abafundi. (c) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 isekelwe phezu kwale mithetho-siseko ilandelayo: • Ukuphuculwa kwezentlalo: ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuyalungiswa ukungalingani kwezemfundo okwabangelwa lixesha lobandlululo, nokuba bonke abemi banikwa amathuba emfundo alinganayo; • Ukufunda ngokubandakanyeka kusetyenziswa ingqiqo: ukukhuthaza indlela yokufundisa efuna abafundi ukuba bathathe inxaxheba bebonakalisa ingqiqo, endaweni yokufunda ngokubethelela izimvo nokufunda nje bengaziqiqisisi iinyaniso okanye izimvo abazinikwayo; 4 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 • Ulwazi nezakhono ezikumgangatho ophakamileyo: ukubekwa kweyona migangatho isezantsi yolwazi nezakhono ekufuneka abafundi bezibonakalise kwibanga ngalinye, kananjalo nokumiselwa kwemigangatho ephezulu enokufikelelwa kuzo zonke izifundo; • Ukuqhubela phambili: umxholo wokufundwayo neemeko ekufundwa phantsi kwazo kwibanga ngalinye ubonisa ukuqhubela phambili, ukususela kokulula ukuya koko kuntsonkothileyo; • Amalungelo oluntu, uqukaniso, ukukhathalelwa kokusingqongileyo nobulungisa bezentlalo: ukufakwa kwemithetho-siseko neendlela zokwenza ubulungisa kwezentlalo nokukhathalela indalo esingqongileyo kwanamalungelo oluntu, njengoko ebekiwe kuMgaqo-siseko weRiphablikhi yoMzantsi Afrika. INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga 10-12 ibonakalisa uvakalelo kwimiba yeyantlukwano enjengendlala, ukungalingani, uhlanga, isini, ulwimi, ubudala, ukuba nenkubazeko neminye imiba; • Ukuxatyiswa kolwazi lwemveli: ukuthathela ingqalelo ubutyebi bembali kunye nelifa lemveli leli lizwe njengeentsika zokuxhasa izithethe eziqulethwe nguMgaqo-siseko; kunye • Nentembeko, umgangatho ophezulu, kunye negalelo elibonakalayo: ukunika imfundo enokuthelekiseka neyamanye amazwe ngokomgangatho, ukunatyiswa kwanokungena nzulu kwayo kwimiba efundiswayo. (d) INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 ijonge ukuphuhlisa abafundi abakwaziyo: • ukuchonga nokusombulula iingxaki bathabathe izigqibo besebenzisa ingqiqo nokucinga okubonakalisa ubugcisa; • ukusebenza ngempumelelo bebodwa naxa bekunye nabanye njengamalungu eqela; • ukuzicwangcisa nokuzilawula bona buqu kunye nemisebenzi yabo, loo nto beyenza ngentembeko nangempumelelo; • ukuqokelela, ukuhlalutya, ukucwangcisa nokuhlaba amadlala ulwazi; • ukunxibelelana nabanye ngempumelelo besebenzisa ubuchule bokubonwayo, bemiqondiso kunye/okanye nezinye izakhono zolwimi ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo; • ukusebenzisa inzululwazi nobuchwepheshe ngempumelelo nangokubonisa ukuba noxanduva ngokunengqiqo ekukhathaleleni indalo esingqongileyo nempilo yabanye; kunye • nokubonisa ukuliqonda ihlabathi ukuba liyiseti yezinto ngezinto ezizalanayo ngokuqaphela ukuba iimeko ezisonjululwa phantsi kwazo iingxaki azizimelanga zodwa geqe. (e) Ukuqukaniswa kwemfundo kufuneka kube ngundoqo ekulungiseleleni, ekucwangciseni nasekufundiseni kwisikolo ngasinye. Oku kunokwenzeka kuphela xa bonke ootitshala benolwazi oluphangaleleyo malunga nendlela yokuqonda nokusombulula izidingo zokufunda kunye nendlela yokucwangcisela abafundi abangafaniyo. Undoqo ekulawuleni ukuqukaniswa kwemfundo kukuqinisekisa ukuba izidingo ziyachongwa zize zisonjululwe ngawo onke amaqela enkxaso efanelekileyo asesikolweni, aquka ootitshala, amagosa esithili, amaQela eNkxaso amaZiko athile, abazali neZikolo zabaFundi abaneeMfuno eZizodwa njengamaZiko aXhobisa ngoLwazi. Ukusombulula izidingo eklasini, ootitshala mabasebenzise iindlela ngeendlela zokujongana neyantlukwano kwikharityhulam, ndlela ezo zifana nezo zikuxwebhu lweSebe leMfundo esisisiSeko oluthi Guidelines for Inclusive Teaching and Learning (2010). CAPS 5
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 1.4 UKwabiwa kweXesha 1.4.1 IsiGaba esisisiSeko (a) Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa kwisiGaba esisisiSeko limi ngolu hlobo: IBANGA R IBANGA 1-2 IBANGA 3 ISIFUNDO (IIYURE) (IIYURE) (IIYURE) ULwimi lwaseKhaya 10 8/7 8/7 ULwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo 2/3 3/4 IMathematika 7 7 7 IzaKhono zoBomi 6 6 7 • ULwazi olusisiSeko (1) (1) (1) • EzobuGcisa (2) (2) (2) • EzemiThambo (2) (2) (2) • UkuziPhatha neNtlalo (1) (1) (1) LILONKE 23 23 25 (b) Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa leBanga R, 1 nelesi-2 ziiyure ezingama-23. KwiBanga lesi-3 ziiyure ezingama-25. (c) IBanga R-2 labelwe iiyure ezilishumi, zize zibe li-11 kwiBanga lesi-3. ULwimi lwaseKhaya lwabelwe ezona lwimi zininzi ezisi-8 nezona zimbalwa ezisi-7; luze uLwimi oloNgezelelweyo lwabelwe ezona zimbalwa zibe 2 zize ezona zininzi zibe 3 kwiBanga 1-2. KwiBanga lesi-3 ezona yure zininzi zisi-8, zize zibe si-7 ezona zimbalwa kuLwimi lwaseKhaya; kanti kuLwimi oloNgezelelweyo ezona zimbalwa zi-3, zize ezona zininzi zibe 4. (d) IMathematika yabelwe iiyure ezisi-7. (e) KwizaKhono zoBomi, uLwazi lokuQala lwabelwe iyure e-1 kwiBanga R-2, zi-2 kwiBanga lesi-3, njengoko kubonisiwe kwizibiyeli kwiBanga. 1.4.2 IsiGaba esiPhakathi (a) Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa kwisiGaba esiPhakathi limi ngolu hlobo: ISIFUNDO IIYURE ULwimi lwaseKhaya 6 ULwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo 5 IMathematika 6 INzululwazi nobuChwepheshe (neTeknoloji) beNdalo 3,5 INzululwazi yezeNtlalo 3 IzaKhono zoBomi 4 • EzobuGcisa (1,5) • EzemiThambo (1) • UkuziPhatha neNtlalo (1,5) LILONKE 27,5 6 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 1.4.3 IsiGaba esiPhezulu (a) Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa kwisiGaba esiPhezulu limi ngolu hlobo: ISIFUNDO IIYURE ULwimi lwaseKhaya 5 ULwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo 4 IMathematika 4,5 INzululwazi yezeNdalo 3 INzululwazi yezeNtlalo 3 UbuChwepheshe (iTeknoloji) 2 INzululwazi yoLawulo lwezoQoqosho 2 IsiFundo ngezoBomi 2 EzobuGcisa 2 LILONKE 27,5 1.4.4 IBanga 10-12 (a) Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa iBanga 10-12 limi ngolu hlobo: IZIFUNDO IIYURE ULwimi lwaseKhaya 4.5 ULwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo 4.5 IMathematika 4.5 IsiFundo ngezoBomi 2 Ubuncinane bazo naziphi izifundo ezithathu ezikhethwe 12 (3x4yur) kwiQela B isiHlomelo B, iiTheyibhile B1 - B8 zoxwebhu lwepolisi oluthi, National policy pertaining to the programme and promotion requirements of the National Curriculum Statement Grades R-12, ngokuxhomekeke kwimigaqo ebekwe kumhlathi wama-28 wolu xwebhu lwepolisi. LILONKE 27,5 Ixesha elabelwe ukufundisa ngeveki malisetyenziselwe ukufundisa izifundo ngokweemfuno zezifundo zeNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yeBanga R-12 (NKS) ezichatshazelwe apha ngasentla, hayi ezinye izifundo ezongezelelweyo. Ukuba umfundi ufuna ukongeza izifundo, makongezelwe elinye ixesha lezo zifundo azongezileyo.. CAPS 7
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 ICANDELO LESI-2: Ukwazisa iiLwimi 2.1 Intshayelelo KwisiGaba esisisiSeko, izakhono eziphambili kwiKhaityhulam yoLwimi lokuQala eloNgezelelweyo zezi: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha Ukucinga nokuQiqa nokwAkhiwa nokuSetyenziswa Ukufunda nezandi koLwimi, ezibandakanyeka kuzo zone izakhono zolwimi Ukubhala nokubhala ngesandla (ukuphulaphula, ukuthetha, ukufunda nokubhala). Isiqulatho (ulwazi, ingqiqo, nezakhono) esikwiNkcazelo yeKhayityhulam yeSizwe, sibekwe ngendlela elandeleka kakuhle kwiNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola, ngekota nganye, kusetyenziswa ezi zihloko. Le Nkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola ixhobisa ootitshala ngoku: • Intshayelelo equlethe izikhokelo ngokusetyenziswa kwalo mqulu wesiGaba esisisiSeko • Umxholo, ingqiqo nezakhono emazifundiswe ngekota nganye • Izikhokelo ngolwabiwo lwexesha • Izinto ezilindelekileyo kwimiSebenzi yokuHlola okusesikweni neengcebiso ngokuhlola okungekho sesikweni • Izintlu zezixhobo ezicetyiswayo kwibanga ngalinye 2.2 Ukufundwa kolwimi lwesibini kosongezwa kolwasekhaya Abafundi bafika esikolweni benolwazi lolwimi lwasekhaya/oluthethwa ekhaya. Bangaluthetha bengathintilizi, kwaye sebenamagama angamakhulu-khulu abawaziyo. Ukufumana ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala kwibanga labaQalayo (1) kwakheleka kwesi siseko solwimi luthethwayo. Ngoko ke, kulula ukufumana ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala kulwimi lwakho lwasekhaya. Xa abafundi beqalisa ukufunda ulwimi oloNgezelelweyo kwiBanga labaQalayo okanye eloku-1, kufuneka ukufunda bakwakhele kwisiseko solwimi oluthethwayo. Kufuneka beve kuthethwa kakhulu isiXhosa esingantsonkothanga abanokusiva basiqonde kwiimeko ngeemeko. Ukuphulaphula utitshala efunda amabali kwiincwadi ezinemifanekiso emikhulu (iiNcwadi eziNkulu) yindlela elungileyo yokwenza oku njengoko ikwaxhasa ukukhulisa ilitheresi yabafundi esakhulayo. Njengokuba ukuqonda komfundi kusiya kukhula, kufuneka afumane amathuba amaninzi okuluthetha ulwimi ngeendlela ezingantsonkothanga. Oku kunika isiseko sokufumana ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala kwiBanga lesi-2 nelesi-3. Abafundi banakho ukuthathela kwizakhono ezininzi zelitheresi yolwimi lwaseKhaya. Singenza umzekelo wokuba, xa abafundi befundiswe kakuhle ukubhala ngesandla kuLwimi lwaseKhaya, bangasebenzisa esi sakhono ekubhaleni isiXhosa. Ukuba bafunda izandi (ifoniksi) kulwimi lwaseKhaya, akukho mfuneko yokuba bafunde kwakhona unxulumano lwezandi nopelo esiXhoseni. Kufuneka kuphela basebenzise ulwazi lwabo kwisiXhosa, baze bafunde olo nxulumano lwezandi nopelo olwahlukileyo kwisiXhosa. INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo isebenzisa amathuba amahle ezakhono zelitherasi abafundi abazifumene kulwimi lwaseKhaya. Umzekelo, imisebenzi efana nokufunda okuKhokelwayo ebiqaliswe kwi-Nkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yoLwimi lwaseKhaya kwiBanga loku-1 8 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 iqalisa ukufundiswa kwiNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlolayoLwimi lokuQala oloNgozelelweyo kwiBanga lesi-2. Le ke yile nto kuthiwa kukufundwa kolwimi lwesibili kusongezwa kolwasekhaya - ukuphuhlisa isiseko esiluqilima selitherasi kuLwimi lwaseKhaya, kuze kwakhiwe ilitheresi yoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo phezu kwayo. 2.3 Imixholo eyahlukileyo yokufundisa ulwimi Ezikolweni apho abafundi baza kusebenzisa ulwimi oloNgezelelweyo, njengoLwimi lokuFunda nokuFundisa (LoLT) ukususela kwiBanga lesi-4, kubalulekile ukuba umyinge obonakalayo wexesha unikezelwa ekufundeni olo lwimi kwisiGaba esiseSeko. Noko kunjalo, kwizikolo ezine-LoLT efanayo kumabanga onke, akwenzeki oku. Kwezi zikolo, abafundi abaninzi abafunda isiXhosa okanye olunye ulwimi njengoLwimi lwaseKhaya, abazithethi ezi lwimi njengoLwimi lwaseKhaya, kwaye ke ixesha elininzi elinokufunyanwa malinikelwe kulo msebenzi. 2.4 Ukwabiwa kwexesha Ukwabiwa kwamaxesha okufundisa iilwimi okucwangciswe ngezantsi apha kuya kuqalisa ngowama-2012. KwisiGaba esisisiSeko ixesha lokufundisa uLwimi liya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yeelwimi yesikolo. Izikolo zinokubona ngokwazo ukuba ziwongeze okanye ziwunciphise umyinge wexesha ojongene noLwimi lwaseKhaya neeLwimi ezoNgezelelweyo zokuQala, ngokulawulwa ziimfuno zabafundi bazo. Ubuncinane bexesha elabelwe uLwimi lwaseKhaya neeLwimi ezoNgezelelweyo zokuQala liboniswe phakathi kwezibiyeli, kwesi sicwangicso silandelayo: ULwimi lwaseKhaya Ulwimi OloNgezelelweyo IBanga loku-1 Iiyure ezisi-8 (7) Iiyure ezi-3 (2) IBanga lesi-2 Iiyure ezisi-8 (7) Iiyure ezi-3 (2) IBanga lesi- 3 Iiyure ezisi-8 (7) Iiyure ezi- 4 (3) ISebe alikwazi ukugunyazisa ngokwalo indlela yokucakaca ubuncinane bexesha elabelwa izifundo ezahlukileyo, kodwa kunjalo, esi sicwangciso singezantsi singangumzekelo onokulandelwa kwisigaba ngasinye. Apho elona xesha lininzi linikiweyo kuLwimi oloNgezelweyo lokuQala ULWIMI LOKUQALA OloNgezelelweyo IBANGA LOKU-1 IBANGA LESI-2 IBANGA LESI-3 Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha Iyure e1 imizuzu engama-30 Iyure e-1 Iyure e-1 Ukufunda nezandi Iyure e-1 imizuzu eli-15 Iyure e-1 imizuzu engama-30 Iyure e-1 imizuzu engama-30 Ukubhala Imizuzu eli-15 Imizuzu engama-30 Iyure e-1 Ukusetyenziswa koLwimi Imizuzu engama-30 Iiyure ezi-3 ngeveki Iiyure ezi-3 ngeveki Iiyure ezi-4 ngeveki Apho elona xesha lincinane linikiweyo kuLwimi lokuQala oloNgezeleweyo ULWIMI LOKUQALA OloNgezelelweyo IBANGA LOKU-1 IBANGA LESI-2 IBANGA LESI-3 Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha Iyure e-1 imizuzu engama-30 Imizuzu engama-45 Iyure e-1 Ukufunda nezandi Imizuzu engama-30 Imizuzu engama-45 1 hour Ukubhala Imizuzu engama-30 Imizuzu engama-30 Ukusetyenziswa koLwimi Imizuzu engama-30 Iiyure ezi-2 ngeveki Iiyure ezi-2 ngeveki Iiyure esi-3 ngeveki CAPS 9
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 2.5 Ukuhlola INkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola ibonelela ngeengcebiso kumsebenzi ngamnye kwemisebenzi yokuHlola okusesikweni kwiiLwimi ezikwisiGaba sesiSeko. Umsebenzi ngamnye unamacandelo athile ajongene nemiba eyahlukileyo yoLwimi. IKOTA IKOTA IKOTA IKOTA IBANGA ISIFUNDO ZIZONKE YOKU-1 YESI-2 RESI-3 YESI-4 1 Ulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo 1 1 1 1 4 2 Ulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo 1 1 2 1 5 3 Ulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo 1 2 2 1 6 KwiKota yoku-1 mnye kuphela umSebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni kwiBanga loku-1 ukuya kwelesi-3, (msebenzi lowo oqulethe izinto ezichaphazela imiba ethile yoLwimi).. Ukongeza, kunikwa iingcebiso ngokuhlola okungekho sesikweni, neziya kuzisa ulwazi kwinkqubo yemihla ngemihla yokufunda nokufundisa, kodwa kungarekhodishwa ngokusesikweni. 2.6 Ukwaziswa koLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo Xa utitshala eqalisa ukufundisa ulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo kwiBanga loku-1, kufuneka asebenzise indlela elula yokufaka abafundi bakhe abancinci ‘kuLwimi oloNgezelelweyo’. Indlela elungileyo yokwenza oko kukusebenzisa iphaphethi, enokunikwa igama lolu lwimi longezelelweyo, umz. uSipho iPhaphethi. Kwisifundo sokuqala, utitshala wazisa le phaphethi aze axelele abafundi ukuba uSipho akakwazi kuluthetha ulwimi lwabo lwasekhaya; uthetha isiXhosa kuphela, ngoko ke kuya kufuneka bathethe isiXhosa noSipho. USipho uya kuba luphawu olusisigxina lweklasi yoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo. Utitshala unokwazisa iphaphethi yesibini (umz. uNana iPhaphethi) ukwenzela ukubonisa indlela olusetyenziswa ngayo ulwimi oloNgezelelweyo (umz. ukubulisa). 2.7 Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha Ukufunda ulwimi oloNgezelelweyo kuphantse kufane nokufunda ulwimi lwasekhaya, umahluko kukuba kona akwenzeki kwasekuqaleni kubomi babafundi. Kunyaka wabo wokuqala, abafundi beva kakhulu ulwimi olulula lusetyenziswa emxholweni, nto leyo ibenza bafumane indlela olusetyenziswa ngayo ulwimi nesigama solwimi lwabo lwasekhaya. Emva kwethuba elimalunga nonyaka, abafundi bayaqala ukuthetha ulwimi lwabo lwasekhaya kodwa bengathethi ngezivakalisi ezigcweleyo. Baqala ngokubiza igama elinye okanye amabini, abathi bawasebenzise ukubiza uluhlu lweentsingiselo neenjongo. Bayakwazi ukuqonda ulwimi olunzima kakhulu kunolo bakwaziyo ukuluthetha. Kubalulekile ukuba ootitshala bayiqonde le nto xa abafundi befunda ulwimi oloNgezelelweyo. KwiBanga -1 abafundi kufuneka balusebenzise kakhulu ulwimi oluthethwayo ngohlobo lwamabali nemiyalelo yaseklasini. Ukuphulaphula amabali abaliswayo yeyona ndlela iphambili abalufunda ngayo abafundi ulwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo. Kufuneka utitshala: • akhethe ibali elinesakhiwo esilula, esiphindaphindayo, nesivumela ukuchongwa kwesigama neukusetyenziswa kolwimi eya kuphinda isetyenziswe (umz. iNtsomi kaDyakalashe neHobe) • agcine ulwimi lulula kakhulu, ethetha ngokucothayo kodwa ngendlela eyiyo • asebenzise izijekulo (iintshukumo zomzimba), imifanekiso nezinto zoqobo ukuxhasa ukuqondwa kwebali 10 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 • alibalise amaxesha amaninzi ibali, esiya ebabandakanya ngokubabandakanya abafundi, umzekelo ngokungenelela kwezi ndawo ziphindaphindwayo (umz. “Hobe, Hobe, unabani na apho?” “Ndinabafundi bam.” “Bangaphi?” “Khawuthi omnye ndimbone.” “Hayi uzomtya.” “Ndakhwela, ndakhwela.” Lamjula.) Enye indlela yokwenza abafundi basebenzise ulwimi oloNgezelelweyo kungokuphulaphula amabali (okanye iitekisi ezingaqanjwanga) afundwa ngutitshala. Utitshala ufunda kwiNcwadi yamaBali, incwadi enkulu enemizobo nemibhalo emikhulu apho bonke abafundi bakwaziyo ukubona ngeli xa afundayo. Le nto ibizwa ngokuba ‘kukuFunda noTitshala’. Enye yezinto ezilungileyo ngokuFunda noTitshala kukuba ngaphandle kokuba ingumsebenzi wokuphulaphula osebenza kakhulu, kukwakhulisa ulwazi lokufunda (ilitheresi) olusakhulayo lwabafundi. Umzekelo, abafundi bafunda imiba yencwadi (umz. ukuba siqala ukufunda ngaphambili encwadini siye kuphela ngasemva; nokuba sifunda sisuka ngasekhohlo sisiya ngasekunene yaye siqala phezulu sisiya ezantsi ephepheni), yaye bayaqala ukuqaphela amagama ambalwa abhalwe ngolwimi oloNgezelelweyo (umz. mna, wena). Abafundi kufuneka bawuqhele umsebenzi wokuFunda noTitshala nanjengoko beya kube bewenza kwizifundo zabo zoLwimi lwaseKhaya. Enye indlela esebenza kakhulu yokuqhelisa abafundi ulwimi oloNgezelelweyo kukubanika imiyalelo elula ekufuneka beyilandele ngokuyenza; umzekelo, athi utitshala, ‘Yiza apha, Thabo,’ elandelisa nentshukumo efanelekileyo, aze umfundi enze njalo. Le yindlela, ebizwa ngokuba kuKwenza imiYalelo ngokuPheleleyo, inceda ekubeni utitshala uyakwazi ukubona ngoko nangoko ukuba uThabo uyaqonda na okanye hayi aze amnike ingxelo - nokuba uthi, “Usebenzile, Thabo,’ okanye angawuphinda umyalelo ethetha ngokucothayo yaye intshukumo eyibonisa nangakumbi. Ulwimi lwaseklasini (umz. Yiza ngaphambili eklasini uhlale emethini) lunika amathuba amaninzi okungeniswa eKwenzeni imiYalelo ngokuPheleleyo ngokweendlela ezisetyenziswayo. Izicengcelezo ezinentshukumo, nazo, yindlela esebenza kakhulu ekudibaniseni ulwimi nentshukumo ngendlela exhasa ukuqonda kunye nokukhumbula ulwimi. Ukulunga kwezi ndlela zintathu zicaciswe apha ngentla (ukuphulaphula amabali, ukuFunda noTitshala noKwenza imiYalelo ngokuPheleleyo) kukuba zonke zijonge ekufundeni ulwimi ngokuphulaphulela ukuqonda. Le nto isusa uxinzelelo kwaba bafundi bancinci ekufuneka bethethile, inciphise ixhala ikwabavumela ukuba bajonge ekuqondeni ulwimi. Kodwa ke, ukuze babe ngabasebenzisi abapheleleyo bolu lwimi, abafundi kufuneka baziqhelise nokuthetha. Ekuqaleni, ulwimi lwabafundi luya kulandela indlela ethile - iingoma ezinkqayiweyo, izicengcelezo ezinentshukumo kunye nemibongo, kananjalo nolunye ulwimi olulandela indlela ethile olufundwa luzizicuku, umzekelo, ‘Molo, unjani?’ ‘Ndiphilile, unjani wena?’ Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngokuya abafundi beqala ukuluqonda ulwimi oloNgezelelweyo, kufuneka baqale ukuthetha, beqala ngokuthetha igama elinye okanye amabini. Umzekelo, xa bephendula umbuzo katitshala othi, ‘Ulithandile ibali?’ umfundi uphendula athi ‘Ewe’ okanye ‘Hayi.’ Ekuqaleni, ulwimi olukhulayo lwabafundi kufuneka luqale kancinci ngokulula luye lusenziwa nzima (okt. luboniswe benikwa inkxaso). Umzekelo, abafundi bangaqala ngokulinganisa amabali athile abawabaliselwe okanye abawafundelwe ngutitshala, bethetha incoko ethile. Ngoncedo lukatitshala, abafundi bangalibalisa kwakhona ibali. Kufuneka utitshala aqiniseke ukuba bonke abafundi bafumane amathuba okuthetha isiXhosa. Kuba abafundi beya kuqhubela phambili ngamathuba ohlukeneyo, kufuneka utitshala alungiselele amathuba okuthetha (umz. imibuzo ayibuzayo) afanele inqanaba lomfundi ngamnye. Nanjengoko abafundi bedlula kula mabanga, kufuneka utitshala alindele abafundi ukuba bathethe kakhulu yaye izinto abazithethayo ziye zisiba nde. Ngokuba abafundi beqhubela phambili nokufunda isiXhosa, kufuneka bangeniswe kwezinye iintlobo zeetekisi. KwiBanga -1, baya kudibana namabali amaninzi baze baqale ukuqonda isakhiwo neempawu zetekisi ebaliswayo (okt. kwaziswa abalinganiswa, kucaciswa indawo nexesha, kuvela ingxaki ize isonjululwe; ibali elibaliswayo lidla ngokubaliswa ngexesha eladlulayo). KwiNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlolayeBanga lesi-2 kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, kwaziswa amabali abaliswa ngomlomo (oral recounts) (umz. Izolo besiye edolophini. CAPS 11
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Siqale ngokuya kuthenga ukutya evenkileni yokutya. Emva koko, siye kwithala leencwadi (elayibrari), njl.), kuze kwiBanga lesi-3 kuqukwe namabali abaliswa ngokubhaliweyo. Ibali elibaliswayo luhlobo olubalulekileyo kuba lidala ibhulorho phakathi kolwimi oluthethwayo nolubhalwayo. Sidla ngokusebenzisa amabali abaliswayo (umz. ukuxelela abantu izinto esizenzileyo), kodwa siyawabhala naphantsi. KwiBanga lesi-3, abafundi bakwaziswa ngomlomo kwiitekisi ezilandela imiyalelo (procedural texts) (okt. imiyalelo efana neeresiphi) neengxelo zeenkcukacha (umz. Iindlovu zizilwanyana ezikhulu. Zihlala ngokwemihlambi, umz.). Imizekelo yezi ntlobo zeetekisi inikiwe kwiCandelo lesi-4 ekupheleni kolu xwebhu, ngokunjalo nengcaciso yesakhiwo neempawu. Imisebenzi yokuthetha/ukufunda okungqalileyo yemihla ngemihla neyakanye/kabini ngeveki eyakhelwe kwimixholo ethile Ixesha elininzi kufuneka lichithwe ekuPhulaphuleni nasekuThetheni kwiBanga loku-1.Oku kuyehla kumaBanga esi-2 nelesi-3 xa kufakwa ukufunda nokubhala okuninzi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo. Kufuneka kugxilwe kakhulu ekuPhulaphuleni nasekuThetheni kwisiGaba esisiSiseko gabalala. KwiNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlolayoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo, ukuphulaphula nokuthetha kulungiselelwe ngolu hlobo: • uluhlu lwemisebenzi eya kwenziwa imihla ngemihla ngethuba leveki. Ukukhethwa nenani lemisebenzi eya kwenziwa ngosuku ngalunye kuya kuxhomekeka kutitshala nexesha analo; le nto iya kwahluka ngokokuba usebenzisa elona xesha lincinane okanye elona lininzi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo. • umsebenzi ojolise ‘ekuphulaphuleni amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo’, ofundiswa kanye okanye kabini ngeveki, ngokuxhomekeke kwiBanga kunye nexesha elifumanekayo. Le misebenzi ibekwa ngokwemixholo. Utitshala ucetyiswa ukuba akhethe imixholo emine ngekota, mhlawumbi ingambalwa kunoko xa esebenzisa elona xesha lincinane loLwimi oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. Kufuneka utitshala akhethe imixholo encedisa ekufundiseni ulwimi oloNgezelelweyo. Le mixholo kufuneka ibe yeqhelekileyo kubafundi, kungangcono xa inokuba yileyo sele ifundisiwe kuLwimi lweNkobe/ lwaseKhaya, yaye inike amathuba amaninzi okufundisa ulwimi ngokusemxholweni (umz. kufuneka banike amathuba okubonisa nokusebenzisa izinto ezikhoyo apho eklasini). Eminye imixholo inikwa njengemizekelo, kodwa ziingcebiso nje ezi, akufunekanga ithathwe njengemiselweyo. Izizathu zokusebenzisa imixholo kukwenza ukuba isigama nesakhiwo solwimi sikwazi ukubekelwa ukumana sisetyenziswa kwimixholo enentsingiselo. Umzekelo, amagama anxulumene nomzimba (ubuso, amehlo, iindlebe, impumlo, umlomo, iingalo, imilenze, iinyawo) nezakhiwo abekwe kuzo (Khomba ______ yakho./ Yi______ yam le./ Zii _____ zam ezi.) afuna ukuqala aviwe esetyenziswa emxholweni amaxesha ngamaxesha; emva koko abafundi bafuna amathuba okuwasebenzisa. Ngokuya abafundi besiya kwiBanga lesi-2 nelesi-3, baya kufuna namathuba okuwafunda bawabhale. Abafundi baya kukwazi ukusikhumbula basisebenzise isigama nezakhiwo xa zimana zisetyenziswa. 2.8 Ukufunda nokubhala Ngenxa yezizathu ezinikwe apha ngentla, kujoliswe kakhulu ekuphuhliseni ulwimi oluthethwayo kwiBanga-1, apho abafundi baya kuba befunda ukufunda nokubhala ngoLwimi lwabo lwaseKhaya. Kodwa ke, kwiBanga lesi-2 nelesi-3 kufuneka kugxininiswe ekuphuhliseni ulwazi (ilitheresi) ngoLwimi oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. Ukufunda nokubhala kukwayinxalenye yokuphuhliswa kolwimi lomfundi ngesiXhosa. Ukufunda kunika abafundi ithuba elongezelelweyo lokusebenzisa isiXhosa. Uphando lusifundise ukuba uphuhliso lwesigama sabafundi 12 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 luxhomekeke kakhulu ekubeni bafunda kangakanani. Ukubhala kubalulekile kuba kunyanzela abafundi ukuba bacinge ngeukusetyenziswa kolwimi nopelo. Le nto ikhuthaza abafundi ukuba balunqhele ulwimi, ikhawulezisa ukukwazi kwabo ukuluqonda ulwimi ikwanyusa izinga lokulusebenzisa kwabo ngokufanelekielyo. Ngoko ke kuchithwa ixesha elininzi kwimisebenzi yokufunda nokubhala kwiNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlolayoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo kwiBanga lesi-2 nelesi-3. Imisebenzi yokuFunda nokuBhala yile ilandelayo: 2.8.1 Ukuboniswa kwezinto ezibhaliweyo ezisingqongileyo (environmental print) Ukususela kwiminyaka yabo yokuqala, abafundi baseMzantsi Afrika badibana nezinto ezininzi ezibhalwe ngesiXhosa kokusingqongileyo, umsekelo imibhalo exhonyiweyo (signage) (imithetho yendlela, imibhalo yeevenkile, njl.) kunye naleyo ikumaqweqwe okanye amaphepha asongele iimveliso (packaging). Ootitshala bangasebenzisa oku njengesiqalo solwazi (ilitheresi) olukhulayo lwabafundi kulwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo, umzekelo, ngokuza neepakethe eziqhelekileyo okanye neentengiso eklasini babone ukuba abafundi bangawaqaphela na amagama eemveliso. Ukususela kwikota yesi-3 yeBanga loku-1, xa abafundi sele benolwazi (ilitheresi) oluthile abalufunde kuLwimi lwabo / lwaseKhaya, utitshala angaqala ukubeka iileyibheli kwizinto eziseklasini ngoLwimi / lwaseKhaya nesiNgesi. Le misebenzi ixhasa ukufunda okuzenzekelayo (incidental learning); ayijonganga kwimisebenzi yelitheresi yaye kufuneka inganikwa ixesha elininzi kakhulu. 2.8.2 UkuFunda noTitshala UkuFunda noTitshala kuqaliswa kwiBanga 1 kuze kuqhube kwisiGaba esisiSiseko xa sisonke. Lo msebenzi ubalulekile ujolise kuphuhliso lolwimi nelitheresi. Injongo yokuFunda noTitshala kwiBanga-1 kukwenza ukuba abafundi bakwazi ukusebenzisa ulwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo ngendlela enentsingiselo nenenkxaso. Kukwakhulisa ilitheresi ekhulayo yabafundi kulwimi lwabo olongezeleleyo. Bavelisa imiba yencwadi baqale ukuqonda amagama ambalwa olwimi oloNgezelelweyo. Kweli nqanaba, kufuneka utitshala: • Akhethe itekisi elula eyandisiweyo (umz. iNcwadi eNkulu) enamagama ambalwa nemizobo ecacileyo. Ibali kufuneka libe nesakhiwo esicacileyo nesilula (umz Kuluncedo ukuba ulwimi luyaphindaphinda yaye kulula ukuqikelela okuza kwenzeka (umz. Luph’ ulwandle? LuseThekwini. Lwenzan’ apho? Luyadlala. Kufuneka buye bukhula ubunzima beetekisi ngokuye iminyaka iqhuba. • Ncokola nabafundi malunga nemifanekiso ukwenzela ukuba baqonde isigama. Buza imibuzo ngolwimi lwabo lwenkobe/ lwasekhaya. Bancedise ekudibaniseni ibali noko kwenzeka ebomini babo. • Itekisi yifundeni amatyeli ngamatyeli nisebenzisa umnwe okanye ‘isikhombi’ ukwenzela ukuba umfundi ayilandele kakuhle itekisi. • Buza imibuzo emalunga nebali. • Yiya ubabandakanya ngokubabandakanya abafundi ‘ekufundeni’ ibali Ngokuya abafundi besiya kwiBanga lesi-2 nelesi-3 maziye zisiba ngokuba nzima ngokuba nzima iitekisi. Utitshala ubonisa indlela efanelekileyo yokufunda asebenzise itekisi ukuphuhlisa isigama, ukuqonda, izakhono zokucazulula, ukuqondwa kwesakhiwo setekisi, iukusetyenziswa kolwimi nokuphawulwa kwentetho (punctuation). 2.8.3 UkuFunda ngokwaMaqela okuKhokelwayo KwiBanga lesi-2 abafundi baqala umsebenzi omtsha ngolwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo: UkuFunda ngokwaMaqela okuKhokelwayo. Kodwa ke, kuya kubakho ukufana komsebenzi nanjengoko beya kuba bebehleli beyenza kulwimi CAPS 13
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 lwabo / lwasekhaya ukususela ekuqaleni kweBanga loku-1. Kulo msebenzi, utitshala ufuna uluhlu lweencwadi zokufunda ezibekwa ngokomgangatho wobunzima bazo. Utitshala kufuneka ababeke abafundi ngokwamaqela abo okukwazi ukwenza anabafundi aba-6 - 10 yaye kufuneka abakhethele incwadi yokufunda efanele umgangatho wabo. Utitshala usebenza neqela ngalinye imizuzu eli-15 kanye ngeveki ngelixa amanye amaqela ebandakanywa ekuFundeni ngeziBini okanye ngokuZimela okanye esenza imisebenzi enxulumene netekisi, umzekele, imisebenzi elula yokubhala efana nokugqibezela izivakalisi okanye ukubeka izivakalisi ngokokulandelelana kwazo. Injongo yokuFunda okuKhokelwayo kukuba utitshala anike abafundi uhoyo lomfundi ngamnye ukwenzela ukuphuhlisa ukuqonda kwabo nezakhono zokujongana namagama (work attack) kulwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo. Imiyalelo yokuseka amaqela enziwa ngokokukwazi kwawo ukwenza Kuya kufuneka abafundi ubaqwalasele xa befunda kwiincwadi zokufunda zeklasi, ukwenzela ukubabeka ngokwamaqela. Khetha incwadi yokufunda ocinga ukuba umfundi uya kukwazi ukuyifunda, kodwa ingabiyiyo leyo ilula kakhulu - kufuneka kubekho amagama ambalwa awafumana enzima umfundi. Ukuba umfundi uyakwazi ukuyifunda ngokufanelekileyo, ebonakalisa uvakalelo olululo, loo tekisi ikwinqanaba lakhe lokufunda. Ukuba umfundi uyasokola, khetha elula kunaleyo de ufumane eyomgangatho ofanelekileyo. Wakuba ubahlole bonke abafundi, ungababeka ngokwamaqela ngokokukwazi kwabo ukufunda. Amanqanaba eSifundo esikukuFunda kwamaQela okuKhokelwayo I. Khetha itekisi efanelekileyo: Iincwadi zokufunda ezibekwe ngokwamabanga (graded readers) ziya kusetyenziswa kakhulu ekufundeni ngokwamaqela. Kufuneka zibe kwinqanaba elingezantsi kuneetekisi ezisetyenziswa ekuFundeni noTitshala. Qala uyifunde le tekisi ujonge nasiphi isigama okanye iukusetyenziswa kolwimi enokuba nobunzima ebantwaneni. Oku kunganika utitshala icala emakubhekise kulo ukufundisa kwakhe (teaching focus) II. Intshayelelo: Yazisa olu hlobo lwencwadi (umz. yeqwetyiweyo okanye yeyenyani) kunye nesihloko. Nceda abafundi banxulumanise isihloko namava abo obomi. Yijonge le ‘ntetho’ ingaphumi ecaleni yaye yanele nje ukuba abafundi bafunde ngempumelelo (imizuzu emi-2 - 3). III. Ncokolani ngemifanekiso Sebenzisa imifanekiso ukungenisa abafundi kumxholo nize nincokole ngaso nasiphi isigama esitsha. Kwakhona, zama ukuwugcina lo msebenzi ungaphumanga ecaleni yaye umfutshane. (imizuzu emi- 2 - 3) IV. UkuFunda kokuQala: Abafundi bazifundela ngabanye itekisi. Utitshala uqwalasela indlela abaziphatha ngayo abafundi xa befunda yaye usenokukhetha nawuphi omnye umxholo (focus) wokufundisa owongezelelweyo esekela kolu qwalaselo. Utitshala uhambela umfundi nomfundi eve ngamnye kubo efunda indawana yetekisi ekhwaza. Utitshala uyabakhokela abafundi kweli nqanaba ngokuthi, umzekelo: • Ulindele ukufunda ntoni kule ncwadi? • Ngaba loo nto iyevakala kuwe? • Usebenzile! Uzilungisile. Iyevakala loo nto. • Yintoni engavakala kakuhle kwesi sivakalisi? • Jonga emfanekisweni. • Usenokuthi, khawuphinde ujonge unobumba wokuqala kwakhona. Ekuqaleni usenokuqala ngoyibuza ngolwimi / lwasekhaya lomfundi le mibuzo. Kodwa ke, qala kwangoko kangangoko ukubuza imibuzo ngesiXhosa. Abafundi bafanele ukuba sele beyazi kakhulu le mibuzo kuba bebehleli bewenza lo msebenzi kulwimi lwabo / lwasekhaya ukususela ekuqaleni kweBanga loku-1. 14 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 V. Ukuqonda Buza abafundi imibuzo malunga netekisi ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuba bayaqonda. VI. Ukufunda kwesibini nokulandelayo Kwiintsuku ezilandelayo abafundi baphinda ukufunda itekisi ngababini okanye bebodwa. Eyona nto kujoliswe kuyo apha kukukhulisa ukuqiniseka ngokufunda nokunika amathuba okusebenzisa itekisi ukwenzela ukukhulisa isigama, iukusetyenziswa kolwimi nokuqondwa okunzulu kwetekisi. Ukuphindaphindwa kokufunda kuxhasa ukukhuliswa kokukwazi ukufunda kulwimi oloNgezelelweyo. Ootitshala basenokungakuqheli ukusebenzisa ukuFunda okuKhokelwayo ngakumbi kwiklasi yoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo. Ngoko ke, le ndlela ingaya ifakwa ngokufakwa. Bakuzithemba ngokuyisebenzisa kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya, bangaqala ukuyisebenzisa kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo. Okwangoku, ootitshala bangenza ukufunda kweklasi yonke, apho bonke abafundi banekopi efanayo yetekisi yaye abafundi betshintshisana ukufunda. Ootitshala kufuneka bangayeku ukuqwalasela indlela aziphatha ngayo xa efunda umfundi ngamnye babancede ekukhuliseni ukuqonda nezakhono zokujongana namagama (word attack skills). Kwakhona, akukho xesha lininzi lokuFunda okuKhokelwayo kwiNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlolayoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo, nanjengoko likhona kwiNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlolayoLwimi / lwaseKhaya. Ootitshala abasebenzisa elona xesha lininzi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo baya kukwazi ukusebenza neqela ngalinye elincinane imizuzu eli-15 kanye ngeveki. Noko kunjalo, abo basebenzisa elona xesha lincinane kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo abayi kukwazi ukwenza njalo. Kuya kufuneka benze ukufunda kweklasi yonke endaweni yoKufunda noTitshala. 2.8.4 UkuFunda ngeziBini nokuZifundela UkuFunda ngeziBini nokuziFundela kulungiselela indlela yokunika abafundi ithuba lokuziqhelisa ukufunda nokukhuthaza ukufundela ukuzonwabisa. Ekufundeni ngezibini, abafundi ababini bafunda kunye okanye bayatshintshisana ekufundeni. Abafundi kufuneka basebenzise eli xesha ekwenzeni izinto ezimbini: 1) ukumana bephinda ukufunda incwadi yokufunda esetyenziselwa iThuba lokuFunda kweQela okuKhokelwayo de babe nokuyifunda ngokupheleleyo 2) ukufundela ukuzonwabisa kwiincwadi ezikwikona yokufunda / ilayibrari yeklasi. Itekisi kufuneka ibe kumgangatho ongezantsana kunowaleyo isetyenziselwa ukuFunda noTitshala nokweQela okuKhokelwayo. Ukunika abafundi amathuba okuzifundela iincwadi kukwakhulisa ukufunda ngokufanelekileyo, ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni iincwadi zilula ngokwaneleyo ukuba abafundi bangazifundela ngaphandle koncedo. Iincwadi ezimfutshane ezilula ezineetekisi eziqikelelekayo nemifanekiso enombala zezona zifanelekileyo. Abanye ootitshala bathanda ukunika abafundi umsebenzi wokuzifundela (individual reading) ukuba bakwenze ekhaya - baphinde bafunde incwadi ebifundwa liqela okanye bafunde iincwadi ezilula ‘ezimnandi’. Oku kuziqhelisa ukufunda, xa kusenziwa rhoqo yonke imihla, kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufundeni ukufunda. 2.8.5 Izandi Inqanaba lokuqala lokucazulula ulwimi lolokuthetha - ukufunda ukukhupha izandi ezahlukeneyo zolwimi (ulwazi lwezandi). Kufuneka ke ngoku umfundi anxulumanise izandi noonobumba abazimeleyo (umz ‘m’, ‘a’, ‘l’ okanye ‘sh’) aze emva koko azidibanise ukwenza amagama (umz. ‘imali’, ‘shushu’) (izandi). Kufuneka umfundi awaqonde amagama (ukuqonda) aqhelane nawo ebhaliwe kangangokuba kuzenzekele ukuwabona kwakhe (ukuzenzekela). Okokugqibela, umfundi makakwazi ukufunda amagama kwizivakalisi ngokukhawuleza nangokuwaqonda (ukuqhabalaka). Noko kunjalo, le miba yokufunda ukufunda ayenzeki ngokulandelelana kwamanqanaba. Umzekelo, CAPS 15
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 abafundi bafunda ukuqaphela nokuqonda amagama apheleleyo afumaneka kwinto ezibhaliweyo ezisingqongileyo (environmental print) noKufunda noTitshala xa besebancinci. Noko kunjalo, inkqubo elandelelanayo yezandi ibalulekile ekufundeni ukufunda ngolwimi lwakhe / lwasekhaya, kusetyenziswa nokufunda, ukubhala nokuphulaphula amabali afundwayo. Xa abafundi beqala ukufunda nokubhala ngolwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo, sele beyazi indlela yokucazulula ulwimi lwabo / lwasekhaya. Sele beyiqonda imiba yezinto ezibhaliweyo yaye banolwazi lwangaphambili oluninzi lokunxulumana kwesandi nopelo. Into abayifunayo kwiklasi yabo yezandi zoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo kukusebenzisa olu lwazi ekufundeni ukucazulula iitekisi ngesiXhosa (umz. ukudibanisa izandi ezaziwayo ukwenza amagama - umz. ‘i’, ‘m’, ‘a’, ‘dl’, ‘n’ > ‘imadlana’). Abafundi bakwafuna ukufunda ukuba unxulumano phakathi kwesandi nopelo lwahluka njani phakathi kolwimi / lwasekhaya nolwimi oloNgezelelweyo. Umzekelo, ‘th’ esiNgesini umele izandi ezibini ezahlukeneyo, ezahlukileyo kwizandi eziku’th’ wesiXhosa (umz. thank, that, thatha). Amaqabane esiXhosa anobunzima obubodwa kwizithethi zesiNgesi, yaye le nto yenziwa nzima nangakumbi yindlela abhalwa ngayo (umz. ‘dl’ - ukudlala, ‘hl’ - ukuhleka, ‘ngq’ - ‘ingqayi’). Kubalulekile ukuba kwiBanga loku-1 abafundi bakhulise isiseko esiqinileyo sokuthetha ngolwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo. Kungenjalo, abayi kuwaqonda amagama abawacazululayo kwisiNgesi kwiBanga lesi-2 yaye umsebenzi abawenza kwizandi uya kuphelela ‘ekubizeni okubhaliweyo’. Abafundi baya kufumana lukhulu nasekufundeni ukuchonga izandi zesiXhosa (ulwazi lwezandi) kwiBanga loku-1. Le nto ifumaneka nangakumbi ngeengoma nezicengcelezo ezibanceda ekwahluleni izandi (umz. Langa, langa yiza ngapha; Thunzi, thunzi bhek’ eBhayi). Kubalulekile ukuba utitshala awuqonde umsebenzi wakhe ukuba kukwakha ulwazi lonxulumano phakathi kwesandi nopelo ngokokuhamba kwamaxesha kulwimi oloNgezelelweyo, hayi ukubaqhelisa ukuqiniseka ngexesha elinye. Izandi kufuneka zibe ngohlobo lwemisebenzi emifutshane eyenziwa rhoqo kwisiGaba esisiSiseko xa sisonke. Imisebenzi yezandi yemihla ngemihla / yeveki Kufuneka kujongwe ngokukodwa izandi kwisiGaba esisiSiseko xa sisonke. Inkqubo ilungiselelwe kwiNkcazelo yePolisi yeKharityhulam nokuHlola yoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo. KwiBanga loku-1 kufuneka kujongwe kakhulu ekukhuliseni ulwazi lwezandi. KwiBanga lesi-2 nelesi-3 kunikwe inkqubo yezandi eyakhela phezu koko sele bekwenzile abafundi kulwimi lwabo / lwasekhaya. Nanjengoko lilincinane ixesha elibekelwe ukufundisa izandi, ootitshala bakhuthazwa ukuba badibanise ukufundiswa kwezandi kwimisebenzi yokuFunda, ukuThetha nokuFunda noTitshala. 2.8.6 Ukuqatshelwa kwamagama Abafundi bafunda ukuqaphela amagama ‘abonwayo’ (sight words) (okanye amagama ‘okujonga uxele’) ngokuwabona amaxesha ngamaxesha. Amagama abonakala rhoqo kwiitekisi (amagama asetyenziswa kakhulu) angafundwa ngale ndlela. Ngokuya abafundi befunda ngolwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo, kukhona baya befumana amagama abonwayo. 2.8.7 Ukuqonda Abafundi badla ngokukwazi ukucazulula ulwimi oloNgezelelweyo, kodwa abakwazi ukuyiqonda into abayifundayo. Le nto iphelela ekubeni abantu bayibize ngokuba ‘kukubiza okubhaliweyo’ (‘barking at print’). Isizathu esiphambili sokuba abafundi bangakwazi ukuqonda iitekisi kukuba izakhono zabo zolwimi zibuthathaka. Abanasigama nakusetyenziswa kolwimi kwaneleyo yokuqonda oko bakufundayo. Ngoko ke, ootitshala kufuneka bakhulise isigama nakusetyenziswa kolwimi kwabo ngokubenza basebenzise isiXhosa esininzi kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo. Iindlela ezifana nokwakha ‘udonga lwamagama’ (word wall) eklasini nokukhuthaza abafundi ukuba bagcine izichazi-magama (okanye iincwadi zesigama) zabo nazo ziluncedo. Ukwenza abafundi bafunde kakhulu ngolwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo mhlawumbi yeyona ndlela ingcono yokuphucula isigama sabo. Noko kunjalo, le ndlela iya kusebenza kuphela xa iitekisi zikwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lokuzifundela (ungancediswa). 16 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Enye indlela yokukhulisa ukuqonda kokufunda kwabafundi kukubabuza imibuzo eyenza ukuba abafundi bayijongisise itekisi. Utitshala kufuneka aqale ngemibuzo elula, umz. ‘Ngubani ...?’ (umz. Ngubani owatya abafundi bakaHobe?) ‘Yintoni ...?’ (umz. Watya ntoni uDyakalashe?) kunye nothi ‘Phi ...?’ (umz. Wayehlala phi uHobe?) Ngokuya abafundi beqhelana neendlela zemibuzo bekhulisa ulwimi olufunekayo ukuze bayiphendule, kungabuzwa imibuzo enzinyana. Ngethuba abafundi bekwiBanga lesi-3 kufuneka bakwazi ukuphendula imibuzo ethi ‘Kutheni ...?’ (umz. ‘Kwakutheni ukuze uHobe ajulele uDyakalashe abafundi bakhe?). Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe malunga nendlela yokufundisa ukuFunda noTitshala (Shared Reading), ukuFunda okuKhokelwayo (Guided Reading), ukuFunda kweziBini nokuziFundela (Paired and Independent Reading), iZandi (Phonics), ukuqatshelwa nokuqondwa kwamagama, jonga kwincwadana yeSebe leMfundo esisiSeko ethi, ‘Teaching Reading in Early Grades’ (2008), enokukhutshelwa kwa: www.education.gov.za 2.8.8 Ukubhala Abafundi bafunda izakhono zokwenziwa koonobumba nokubhala ngoLwimi lwabo / lwaseKhaya. Olu lwazi bangalusebenzisa xa beqala ukubhala uLwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala kwikota yesithathu yeBanga loku-1. Imisebenzi yokubhala yeBanga loku-1 ilula kakhulu nanjengoko abafundi kufuneka bajonge ekubhaleni ngoLwimi lwabo / lwaseKhaya. KwiBanga lesi-2, ukubhala ngoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo kugxininiswa kakhulu. Ukubhala kuyakhokelwa; umz, abafundi babhala besebenzisa izakhelo zezivakalisi (sentence frames) ezifana nokuthi, ‘Ndithanda ____./ Andithandi ______.’ KwiBanga lesi-3 ukubhala kuya kuba nzima kakhulu. Abafundi balindeleke ukuba babhale uluhlu lwemiyalelo namabali abo abawabalisayo, befumana inkxaso. Babhala ibali elilula bekunye notitshala (ukuBhala noTitshala). Izakhono ezininzi zithathwa kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya. Umzekelo, abafundi baqala ngokufunda indlela yokubhala itekisi efana nokubalisa ibali kuLwimi lwabo / lwaseKhaya, baze basebenzise olu lwazi xa, emva kwethuba, befunda ukubhala ibali elibaliswayo ngoLwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. Ngokufanayo, abafundi bafunda ukudrafta, ukubhala, ukuhlela nokupapasha umsebenzi wabo (inkqubo yokubhala) kuLwimi lwabo / lwaseKhaya, baze basebenzise ezi zakhono xa bebhala ngoLwimi oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. 2.8.9 Izakhi nokusetyenziswa kolwimi Ulwazi olufanelekileyo lwesigama nokusetyenziswa kolwimi lusisiseko sokuphuhliswa kwezakhono (ukuphulaphula, ukuthetha, ukufunda nokubhala) kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo. KwiBanga loku-1 isigama neukusetyenziswa kolwimi zifundwa ngokuzenzekelayo (incidentally) ngokuba bamanyeliswe ulwimi oluthethwayo. KwiBanga lesi-2 nelesi-3, abafundi bakwafumana isigama neukusetyenziswa kolwimi ngokufunda isiXhosa. KwiBanga lesi-3 kukho imisebenzi eyodwa ejonge ekuSetyenzisweni koLwimi. Ujoliso lwesigama lubekelwe ibanga ngalinye kunye noluhlu lwamagama asetyenziswa kakhulu esiXhoseni lunikiwe kwiCandelo lesi-3 lolu xwebhu. Kubalulekile ukuba abafundi bafikelele kolu joliso. Ootitshala bafuna iindlela zokukhulisa isigama sabafundi, umzekelo: • Amadonga neeleyibheli zamagama eklasini • imidlalo yesigama, umz. imibuzo yamagama (quizzes) • ukuzifundela • ukuzigcinela izichazi-magama (iincwadi zesigama) • ukusebenzisa izichazi-magama ezinemizobo zabafundi (ezinolwimi olunye nezineelwimi ezimbini) CAPS 17
ICANDELO LESI-3: Isishwankathelo sekharityhulam yeelwimi 18 ISISHWANKATHELO SEZAKHONO ZOLWIMI EMAZIFUNDWE KULWIMI LOKUQALA OloNgezelelweyo KUMABANGA 1-3 IBANGA 1 IBANGA 2 IBANGA 3 • Usaqhuba nokwakha isigama somlomo esebenzisa • Usaqhuba nokwakha isigama somlomo esebenzisa • Usaqhuba nokwakha isigama somlomo esebenzisa izihloko ezikhethwe ngutitshala (umz. Izinto izihloko ezikhethwe ngutitshala (umz. Amaxesha izihloko ezikhethwe ngutitshala (umz. Ukukhangela endinokuzenza, iMozulu) onyaka, iiMvakalelo / imizwa) iinkcukacha) • Wakha isigama esibonakalisa ingqiqo (umz. iimilo, • Wakha isigama esibonakalisa ingqiqo (umz. ixesha, • Wakha isigama esibonakalisa ingqiqo (umz. ubukhulu, icala (direction) ulandelelwano) ukuthelekisa, ukuchaza ) • Wenza izinto ezimbini aziyalelwe ngomlomo (umz. • Ulandela uluhlu olufutshane lwemiyalelo (umz. Zoba • Ulandela anike imiyalelo Beka iibhola eziblowu ebhegini. Ngoku ke beka iibhola isangqa. Sifake umbala obomvu.) • Ulandela enze izicelo ezibomvu ebhegini. • Unika imiyalelo elula • Uthetha ngomfanekiso okanye ifoto • Uyaphendula xa ebuliswa naxa kusithiwa ndlela-ntle, • Uqonda aphendule imibuzo elula efana nale, ‘Yeyiphi • Ucela ingcaciso (umz. Andiva, ndicela undiphindele.) aze enze izicelo ezilula esebenzisa amabinzana ...?’ ‘Yekabani ...?’ (umz. Yekabani le ncwadi?) alandela imigaqo (umz. Ndicela ukuphuma) • Ubalisa ngomlomo ngokulula (ubalisa amava • Ubuza imibuzo elula elandela imigaqo (umz. Ungubani ngolandelelwano olululo) • Ubethelela aze enze izicengcelezo ezinentshukumo, igama lakho?) imibongo elula neengoma • Uphulaphula amabali namabali akhe (recounts) aze • Wenza izicelo neentetho ezilula (umz. Ndicela aphendule imibuzo ekhangela ukuqonda • Udlala imidlalo yolwimi elula ukuphuma. Andiphilanga.) • Uqikelela okuza kulandela ebalini okanye kwibali • Uqonda amabali amafutshane, alula, abaliswayo • Uchonga into ngokwenkcazo yomlomo elula elibaliswa ngumntu nafundwayo; uthetha ngemifanekiso • Uthetha ngento esemfanekisweni • Uvakalisa iingcinga malunga nebali • Ulinganisa amabali alula esebenzisa inxalenye • Uphulaphula amabali aze awabalise • Uphinda ukubalisa ibali yengxoxwana yababini • Uphendula imibuzo elula ecacileyo malunga nebali • Uphulaphula itekisi eyinyani (engaqwetywanga) • Unika iimpendulo ezimfutshane kwimibuzo elula, (umz. Ngubani owatya abafundi bakaHobe?) (ibali eliyinyani, imigaqo elandelwayo okanye ingxelo necacileyo malunga nebali • Ulinganisa amabali alula esebenzisa inxalenye yeenkcukacha) aze aphendule imibuzo ekhangela • Uchonga umntu, isilwanyana okanye into ecaciswa yencoko yababini ukuqonda ngokulula ngomlomo (umz. ukudibanisa ingcaciso UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA nomfanekiso) • Ubalisa ibali kwakhona encediswa ngutitshala • Unika isishwankathelo setekisi eyinyani encediswa INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA • Ubalisa ngokutsha ulandelelwano olufutshane ngutitshala • Uqonda aphendule imibuzo elula efana nothi, ‘Yintoni ...?’ ‘Zingaphi ...?’ (umz. Ungubani igama lakho?) lwamava akhe okanye izehlo ezilula • Uthatha inxaxheba kwincoko emfutshane emalunga • Ubethelela aze enze izicengcelezo ezinentshukumo, nesihloko asaziyo • Uvakalisa iingcinga zakhe ngeendlela ezilula ngokusebenzisa amabinzana amafutshane (umz. imibongo elula neengoma • Uqonda aphendule imibuzo elula efana nothi, ‘Nini ‘Igama lam ndingu_____.’) • Udlala imidlalo yolwimi ...?’ nothi ‘Kutheni ...?’ (umz. ‘Kwakutheni ukuze uDyakalashe athi uHobe makamjulele abafundi bakhe?) • Wenza isicengcelezo, umbongo okanye ingoma • Udlala imidlalo yolwim INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3
ISISHWANKATHELO SEZAKHONO ZOLWIMI EMAZIFUNDWE KULWIMI LOKUQALA OloNgezelelweyo KUMABANGA 1-3 IBANGA LOKU-1 IBANGA LESI-2 IBANGA LESI-3 CAPS • Ukhulisa ukunakana izikhamiso kulwimi lokuqala Ulwazi nohlaziyo lwezandi • Uqaphela unxulumano lwezandi noonobumba oloNgezelelweyo, umz. • Wahlula phakathi kwezandi ezidla ngokubhidaniswa koonobumba abanye kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya noLwimi a e i o u, ngezicengcelezo neengoma (umz. ‘Bantwana ngokuziva ngokuziphulaphula (umz. ‘hl’ no’dl’ - ‘hlala’, lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo yaye uyawuqonda nawuphi bam. Mama. Yizani kum. Siyoyika’), atshatise iqabane ‘dlala’) umahluko okhoyo nesikhamiso, umz. Izandi • Uqaphela oonombini, oonontathu, bamaqabane (mf, ma me mi mo mu sh, ch, th, hl, dl) • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe • Uchonga amagama athile anezandi ezinesingqi ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu) umz. (ngq, ncw, nqw) esifanayo nofundo lonobumba abancinci nabakhulu ngc ndl emagameni, noonone umz. bealfabhethi ngxw ingca indlala • Ubiza, akhe, abhale amagama esebenzisa amaqabane ingxwaba-ngxwaba ingcongconi indlela onke ealfabhethi ( oononye), umz. ukungcola indlebe ngqw s b c indlovu ingqwalasela sala bala icala indlu ingqweqwe sela beka iceba indlulamthi • Uqaphela oonombini bezikhamiso (umz. ‘aa’ - Aa! sula biza iciko ‘oo’- oosisi, ‘ii’ - iimfene) ntl susa buka iculo • Usebenzisa ukudityaniswa kwezandi ukwakha intlanzi • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe nokucazulula amagama (umz. i-mf-ene, uku-hl-eka) ngamaqabane amabini( oonombini). umz. intlaka • Uqaphela amagama anesingqi (umz, bo, lo, nam, kum) bh dl intloko • Wahlula phakathi kwamagama anezandi ezide bhabha dlala ingxolo, intsimbi, tshayela tshisa, ingqaka, ingqele, nezifutshane (umz. wahamba (kudala), wahamba ingqondo, ingqolowa njalo-njalo (ngoku)) ibhatata Qala ngamagama aqhelekileyo. Upelo nobizelo • Wahlula phakathi konobumba wokuqala welungu ibhekile dlisa Ukufunda ngezanidi luyinxalenye yoku. nenxenye elandelayo yelungu kumalungu ibhola dloba • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe anobunzinyana (umz. ngq-a(la), krw-e(la)) imfama, imfene, imfuyo, ingoma, ingubo, ingalo, ngamaqabane amane ( oonone) umz. • Uqaphela amaqela amagama anobunzinana (umz. ingobozi, ihlathi, ihlobo, iphupha, idyasi, inja, igusha, ngcw ‘qhiza’, ‘igqiza’) njalo -njalo ingcwaba • Uqaphela asebenzise izimamva ezithile (umz. ‘eni’ - Qala ngamagama aqhelekileyo. ingcwele esikolweni, ‘ana’ - umfundi, ‘ile’ - uhambile) • Amagama mawasetyenziswe kwizivakalisi ezifutshane, • Wakha acazulule amagama anoonobumba aba-3 • Wakha abize amagama esebenzisa izandi azifundileyo umz. esebenzisa izandi azifundileyo. (umz. m-n-a, m-na, Imfama iyakhokelwa. mna; e-w-e, e-we, ewe) Upelo nobizelo luyinxalenye yoku. • Uqaphela ukuphela ngokufanayo kwamagama (umz. • Upelo nobizelo yinxalenye yoku. ‘am’ - ‘kwam’, ‘eni’-’esikolweni’) • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi • Ubeka amagama afanayo ngokwamaqela amagama ezifundiweyo (umz. yam, zam, bam) 19 • Ukulandelelana kwezikhamiso emagameni, umz. kwizininzi nakwizikhuzo (iimfene, oosisi, sii! Yhoo! Aa!) INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3
ISISHWANKATHELO SEZAKHONO ZOLWIMI EMAZIFUNDWE KULWIMI LOKUQALA OloNgezelelweyo KUMABANGA 1-3 IBANGA LOKU-1 IBANGA LESI-2 IBANGA LESI-3 20 • Wahlula-hlula izivakalisi ezithethwayo zibe ngamagama azimeleyo ngokuqhwaba kwigama ngalinye • Uqhwabela ilingu ngalinye kumagama aqhelekileyo • Wahlula isandi sokuqala kwinxenye eseleyo yelungu kumagama alula (umz. h-a+mb-a. Eli gama lenziwa ngamalungu amabini, u’ha’ no’mba’. Isandi sokuqala kwilungu lokuqala ngu’h’ kwelesibini ngu’mb’.) • Uqaphela izininzi (‘ii’ no’zi’) ngokuziva ngokuziphulaphula INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3
ISISHWANKATHELO SEZAKHONO ZOLWIMI EMAZIFUNDWE KULWIMI LOKUQALA OloNgezelelweyo KUMABANGA 1-3 IBANGA LOKU-1 IBANGA LESI-2 IBANGA LESI-3 Izinto ezibhaliweyo ezisingqongileyo UkuFunda noTitshala Izinto ezibhaliweyo ezisingqongileyo CAPS • Uqala ukufunda iileyibheli ezilula zezinto eziseklasini • Ufunda itekisi emfutshane ebhaliweyo eqwetyiweyo Ufunda iipowusta ezilula okanye izihloko nendawo yakhe ngokubanzi esebenzisa ulwimi neyinyani (iNcwadi eNkulu okanye enye itekisi zeepowustaezifumaneka kwindawo yakhe lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo (noLwimi lweNkobe/ eyandisiweyo) ekunye notitshala, esebenzisa imizobo UkuFunda noTitshala lwaseKhaya) (umz. ngena/phuma, vula) ukukhulisa isigama, isihloko esenzela ukuqikelela • Ufunda iitekisi zoncwadi oluqetyiweyo noluyinyani Ukufunda okukhulayo nokuphendula imibuzo yomlomo emifutshane ekunye notitshala, esebenzisa imizobo ukuxhasa emalunga netekisi. • usebenzisa kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo ulwimi ukukhuliswa kwesigama nezakhono ezithile azifumene kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya, • Uqonda itekisi ebhaliweyo enemifanekiso (umz. • Uphendula imibuzo ecacileyo nelula kakhulu efuna olufana nezakhono zokuphatha incwadi, imiba ngokulandelelanisa imifanekiso okanye ukudibanisa ingqikelelo mibuzo leyo ixhasa ukuqondwa kwetekisi esisiseko yokubhaliweyo (umz. imiba yamagama ingcaciso yomfanekiso nomfanekiso) • Uphinda ukufunda ibali okanye alibalise, echonga noonobumba, sifunda sisuka ngasekhohlo sisiya • Unxulumanisa itekisi efundiweyo namava akhe ulandelelwano lwemicimbi ngasekunene yaye siqala phezulu sisehla sisiya • Ubalisa ngokutsha ibali okanye ushwankathela itekisi emazantsi ephepha) • Ushwankathela itekisi eyinyayi (umz. ingxelo eyinyani encediswa ngutitshala (izivakalis ezi-2 - 3) yeenkcukacha) • Uqaphela amagama ambalwa abonwayo (sight words) UkuFunda ngokwaMaqela okuKhokelwayo asetyenziswa kakhulu (umz. mna, wena, thina, nina, UkuFunda ngokwaMaqela okuKhokelwayo • Ufundela ngaphandle (ngokukhwazayo) encwadini yona, zona) • Ufundela ngaphandle (ngokukhwazayo) encwadini yakhe ekufundeni kweqela okukhokelwayo efunda Ukufunda noTitshala okwenziwa yiklasi notitshala yakhe ekufundeni kweqela okukhokelwayo efunda notitshala okt. iqela lonke lifunda ibali elifanayo notitshala okt. iqela lonke lifunda ibali elifanayo • Uphulaphula ibali elilula kakhulu okanye itekisi • Usebenzisa iindlela zokufunda ezifundiswe kuLwimi eyinyani ayifundelwa ngutitshala eyifunda kwitekisi • Usebenzisa iindlela zokufunda ezifundiswe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya esenzela ukuqonda itekisi nokuzihlola eyandisiweyo efana neNcwadi eNkulu okanye / lwaseKhaya esenzela ukuqonda itekisi nokuzihlola xa efunda (izandi, izikhokelo zeemeko, uhlalutyo ipowusta enemizobo xa efunda (izandi, izikhokelo zeemeko, uhlalutyo lwesakhiwo, amagama abonwayo) lwesakhiwo, amagama abonwayo) • Uthetha ngemizobo ekwiNcwadi eNkulu okanye • Usebenzisa imizobo nemifanekiso ekwitekisi ipowusta esebenzisa uLwimi / lwaseKhaya apho • Usebenzisa imizobo nemifanekiso ekwitekisi ukuncedisa ukuqonda kuyimfuneko ukwandisa ukuqonda • Ufunda ngokuqhabalaka okwandayo • Ufunda isigama esithile somlomo emifanekisweni • Ufundela ngaphandle, ngesantya nokuqhabalaka • Ubonisa ukuqonda uphawulo lwentetho (punctuation) Ukufunda nokuuBukela ngoLwimi oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala okukhulayo, esebenzisa ukubizwa nokuxinzelela xa efundela ngaphandle okuchanekileyo • Uphendula imibuzo elula yomlomo emalunga nebali • Usaqhuba nokwakha isigama esibonwayo (umz. • Ubonisa ukuqonda ukuphawulwa kwentetho • Ungenelela ekufundeni apho kuyimfuneko, emva ukuba, yayo, yazo, kakhulu, xa) (punctuation) kwentetho ngqo, ngokunyusa esehlisa kokuphinda-phindwa kokufunda UkuFunda ngeziBini/UkuZifundela ilizwi xa efundela ngaphandle • Uqala ukukhulisa isigama esibonwayo samagama • Ufunda into ayibhalileyo nebhalwe ngabanye • Usebenzisa iindlela zokuzilungisa ambalwa asetyenziswa kakhulu, ngokusebenzisa kakhulu iincwadi / izinto ezibhaliweyo (umz. mna, • Uzifundela ngoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo UkuFunda ngeziBini/UkuZifundela wena, yena, bona, zona) iincwadi engancediswa ngethuba lokuFunda • Ufunda into ayibhalileyo nebhalwe ngabanye okuKhokelwayo afunde neencwadi ezilula ezicacisa • Ulinganisa ibali • Ufundela ngaphandle efundela umlingane imifanekiso (caption books) neencwadi zamabali • Uzoba imifanekiso ebonisa umxholo webali okanye abaliswa ngemifanekiso (picture story books) • Uzifundela ngokuzimeleyo iincwadi eziqanjaloweyo itekisi eyinyani afumaneka kwikona yokufunda yaseklasini neziyinyani ezilula, iincwadi ezifundwa kumathuba okuFunda okuKhokelwayo, neemagazini neencwadi 21 Usebenzisa izichazi-magama zabafundi ezinemifanekiso (zolwimi olunye nezimbini) ukukhangela intsingiselo ezihlekisayo (iikhomikhi) zabafundi yamagama angawaziyo Usebenzisa izichazi-magama zabafundi ezinemifanekiso INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 (zolwimi olunye nezimbini) ukukhangela intsingiselo yamagama angawaziyo
ISISHWANKATHELO SEZAKHONO ZOLWIMI EMAZIFUNDWE KULWIMI LOKUQALA OloNgezelelweyo KUMABANGA 1-3 22 IBANGA LOKU-1 IBANGA LESI-2 IBANGA LESI-3 • Usebenzisa izakhono zokubhala ngesandla esele • Usebenzisa izakhono zokubhala ngesandla esele • Usebenzisa izakhono zokubhala ngesandla esele zifundiwe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya zifundiwe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya zifundiwe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya • Uzoba acacise (afake iileyibheli) imifanekiso • Ubhala uluhlu lwezihloko • Ubhala uluhlu olunzinyana olunezihloko (umz. encediswa ngutitshala. Ufunda oko kubhaliweyo. • Ukhetha akhuphele ingcaciso (caption) ecacisa izinambuzane: iimbovane, iinyosi, amabhabhatane) • Ubhala uluhlu olulula (umz. uluhlu lokuthenga) imifanekiso ngokupheleleyo • Ubhala izivakalisi azibizelwayo • Ubhala ingcaciso yomfanekiso, encediswa (umz. Le • Ubhala itekisi elula (umz. ikhadi lomhla wokuzalwa) moto ibomvu inkulu.) Ufunda oko kubhaliweyo. • Ubhala ubaliso lwamava akhe esebenzisa isakhelo • Ugqibezela izivakalisi ngokugcwalisa amagama (frame), encediswa (umz. ‘Izolo ndiye nda..., Ndaza ..., ashiyelelweyo. Emva koko ..., Ekugqibeleni ...’) • Ubala izivakalisi esebenzisa isakhelo (frame) (umz. • Ubhala uluhlu olulula lwemiyalelo, encediswa (umz. Ndithanda _____. Andithandi ____________.) iresiphi) • Ubhala izivakalisi esebenzisa amagama anezandi • Ubhala ibali elilula alikhuphele, encediswa ngutitshala namagama abonwayo aqhelekileyo (common sight (ukubhala notitshala) words) asele efundiwe • Ulungisa ulwazi etshathini, kwitheyibhile okanye • Ubhala amagama nezivakalisi eziqhelekileyo kwezo kwibha-grafu azibizelwayo (dictation) • Ubhala izivakalisi ezimalunga nesihloko esiqhelekileyo • Ulandelelanisa kakuhle izivakalisi ezibhidanisiweyo (ubuncinane izivakalisi ezi-6 - 8, umhlathi omnye (jumbled sentences) esenzela ukwenza umhlathi aze okanye emibini) awukhuphele. • Usebenzisa inkqubo yokubhala (ukudrafta, ukubhala, • Ubhala umhlathi owenziwa bubuncinane bezivakalisi ukuhlela nokupapasha) ezi-3 ngesihloko asaziyo • Usebenzisa uphawulo-ntetho (punctuation) osele • Ubhala iitekisi ezimfutshane ezilula asele ezifunde lufundwe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya (izingxi, iziphumlisi, kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya, umz. umyalezo wekhadi uphawu-mbuzo, uphawu lokhuzo neempawu Ukufunda UkuBhala lokunqwenelela impilo zocaphulo) kunye nezimeli-nobumba (apostrophes) kudityaniso lwamagama (umz. khon’ ukuze) INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA • Usebenzisa izakhono azifundiswe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya ukulandelelanisa iinkcukacha ngendlela • Upela ngokuchanekileyo amagama aqhelekileyo alinge elula (umz. itshathi okanye ukulandelelana ukupela amagama angawaqhelanga esebenzisa kwamaxesha (time line) ulwazi lwezandi • Usebenzisa ngokubhala ngokuchanekileyo izibizo • Usebenzisa amaxesha (elangoku, elidlulileyo nelizayo) nezimelabizo, encediswa (Mna, wena, yena, yona, njl.) ngokuchaneka okukhulayo • Uqala ukusebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo amaxesha • Usebenzisa izihlomelo, izibizo, izenzi nezimelabizo (elangoku, elizayo, njl.) ekubhaleni ngokuchaneka okukhulayo • Wenza izininzi zamagama awaziyo, encediswa • Uzakhela ibhanki yesigama nesichazi-magama sakhe • Upela ngokuchanekileyo amagama qhelekileyo, Usebenzisa izichazi-magama zabafundi (ezinolwimi INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 encediswa Usebenzisa isichazi-magama sabafundi xa olunye nezineelwimi ezimbini) kuyimfuneko • Usebenzisa uphawulo-ntetho (punctuation) asele elufundisiwe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya (oonobumba abakhulu nezingxi) • Uzakhela ibhanki yesigama nesichazi-magama sakhe
ISISHWANKATHELO SEZAKHONO ZOLWIMI EMAZIFUNDWE KULWIMI LOKUQALA OloNgezelelweyo KUMABANGA 1-3 IBANGA LOKU-1 IBANGA LESI-2 IBANGA LESI-3 CAPS • Uqalisa ukukhulisa ukuqonda nokukwazi • Uqalisa ukukhulisa ukuqonda nokukwazi • Uqalisa ukukhulisa ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezisemxholweni ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezisemxholweni ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezisemxholweni zolwimi oluthethwayo oluvakalayo (meaningful) zolwimi oluthethwayo oluvakalayo (meaningful) zolwimi oluthethwayo oluvakalayo (meaningful) • Uqonda iziyaleli ezithile (umz. Sukubaleka) • Uqala ukusebenzisa iimo zeukusetyenziswa kolwimi nolubhalwayo. • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa izivakalisi ezithile abezifundiswe kwiBanga loku-1 (imo emfutshane • Uqonda asebenzise amaxesha (imo emfutshane kwixesha langoku (umz. Uthanda isikolo.) nemo ende nemo ende yexesha langoku, izilabalabi u’nga’ nende yexesha langoku, imo emfutshane yexesha yexesha langoku (umz. Uyafunda.) no’noku’, izilandulo nezininzi, izimelabizo, izihlomelo; elidlulileyo nexesha elizayo) izibaluli nezihlomelo) • Uqonda asebenzise izibizo ezinokubalwa (umz. • Uqonda iindlela zokubuza ezithile (umz. ‘Yintoni ... ?’) ‘Ngubani ...?’ ‘Zingaphi/yimalini/ungakanani ...?’) • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa imo emfutshane yexesha incwadi) nezo zinakubalwa (umz. itshokhwe) elidlulileyo (umz. ndihlambe ubuso. • Usebenzisa iceba lesibizo nesivumelanisi sesenzi • Uqonda aqalise ukusebenzisa isimelabizo soqobo • Understands and begins to use some irregular past (umz. uNomsa uhlamba umfundi; abafundi bafunda ISAKHIWO NOKUSETYENZISWA KOLWIMI (EKUFUNEKA SIFUNDWE somntu wokuqala, owesibini nowesithathu (umz. Mna, wena, thina, bona) tense forms (e.g. went) incwadi.) • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa izilabalabi (modals) • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa izihlomelo zexesha • Uqonda asebenzise izimnini ezakhiwe kwizibizo (umz. u’nga’ no’noku’ (umz. Ndingatsiba.) (umz. Okokuqala, okulandelayo, emva koko) ubuso bukaThandi) • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa izivakalisi kwizilandulo • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa iindlela zokubuza (umz. • Uqonda asebenzise u’Kukho’ (umz. Kukho incwadi (umz. Akafundi. Akanakutsiba.) ‘Uyenze nini ...?) etafileni) • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa izininzi zezibizo • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa izimelabizo ( umz. mna, • Uqonda asebenzise iziphawuli (umz. kancinci, ezinokubalwa (umz. incwadi/iincwadi) wena, yena) kakhulu) • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa izimnini (umz. yam, • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa uluhlu olubanzi • Uqonda asebenzise izalathisi (umz. le, leyo, leya, ezi) yakho, yakhe) lwezibaluli nezihlomelo • Uqonda asebenzise uluhlu lweendlela zokubuza • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa izihlomelo (umz. • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa izibanjalo (Ngumfundi.) (umz. ‘Yeyiphi ...?’, ‘Kutheni ...?’) phakathi, phezulu) Uqonda amagama ali-1000 - 2000 asemxholweni • Uqonda amagama ali-1,500 - 2,500 asemxholweni • Uqonda aqale ukusebenzisa izibaluli (umz. ekupheleni kweBanga lesi-2 ekupheleni kweBanga lesi-3 owonwabileyo, okhedamileyo) nezihlomelo (umz. NGOKUSEMXHOLWENI) ngokucotha, ngokukhawuleza) • Uqonda amagama angama-700 - 1000 asemxholweni ekupheleni kweBanga loku-1 23 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IBANGA 1 ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LOKUQALA OloNgezelelweyo IIMFUNO ZEKOTA NGANYE IKOTA 1 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA (EZOMLOMO) IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDISA 1 iyure nemizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Iiveki 1-5 Ootitshala mabakhethe izihloko ezibini eziyakubanceda ukwazisa nokubeka isigama esiyakubane sisetyenziswa nokuquka imisebenzi edweliswe ngezantsi. Qaphela ukuba izihloko ezicetyiswayo ziingcebiso nje. Ootitshala bangakhetha ezabo ezifanelekileyo ngokwemeko nezixhobo abanazo. Mabaqiniseke ukuba banazo iincwadi ezinkulu eziyimfuneko/ iipowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto eziphathekayo ngesihloko abasikhethileyo. Mabazame ukuquka yonke imisebenzi kangangoko ukuba banako bayenze ngaphezulu kwesinye . MabaHlole umsebenzi waabafundi Besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni okucetyiswayo kwiiveki 1 - 5. Iiveki 6-10 Ootitshala mabakhethe izihloko ezibini ezitsha ezizakubavumela ukuphuhlisa esele bekwenzile kwiiveki ezintlanu ezidlulileyo. Izihloko mazivumele utitshala ukuba aqalise isigama esitsha ngokubethelela / ngokugxininisa esifundisiweyo. Izihloko mazimvumele utitshala aphinde asebenzise ukusetyenziswa kolwimi / izakhi zolwimi ezilula naxa ethetha nabafundi ngoLwimi OloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. Ootitshala mabazame ukuquka yonke imisebenzi bade bayiphinde kangangoko banako. MabawuHlole umsebenzi wabafundi besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni okucetyiselwe iiveki 6 - 10. Ootitshala mabaHlole umsebenzi wabafundi ngokuseSikweni ekupheleni kweKota. Imisebenzi yemihla-ngemihla (1 iyure ngeveki) Makwenziwe omnye nangaphezulu umsebenzi kule ingezantsi yonke imihla: • Ukuqalisa ukuvelisa isigama somlomo (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha) esebenzisa isihloko esinje ngesi “Iimpahla zam” • Ukubulisa, nokuthi ndlelantle esebenzisa amabinzana anje ngala“Mholo” “Unjani?” “Ndiphilile”. • Enze izicelo ezilula umzekelo, “Ndicela ukuphuma’. • Ukukhomba izinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokuthunywa ngutitshala, umz. “Ndibonise intombi enxibe ilokhwe ebomvu”. • Ukukhomba izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni xa enikwa ebuzwa ngutitshala enje ngale, umz. ‘Yintoni le?” “Ngumnqwazi”. • Ukwenza izinto ngokomyalelo, umz. “Khulula ijezi”. • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula, umz.”Imbala unjani ijezi?”. “Ibomvu”. • Ukuqonda nokuqalisa ukusebenzisa imigaqo yolwimi elula kumxholo, umz. izininzi zezibizo ezinokubalwa, umz. “ikawusi enye - iikawusi ezimbini”. • Ukucula iingoma ezilula enze nezilinganiso ngokuncediswa, umz. “Le yindlela endinxiba ngayo ihempe, endinxiba ngayo ihempe, endinxiba ngayo ihempe”. • Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwizicengcelezo neengoma esenza izilinganiso, umz. “Iphin’inja yam encinane, Iphin’inja yam iphi? • Ukudlala imidlalo ngolwimi, umz. utitshala ufihla incwadi eklasini, emva koko ababuze imibuzo, umz. iphi incwadi? ingaphantsi, ingaphezulu, isecaleni kwetafile njalo-njalo. 24 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Imisebenzi egxininise kuphulaphulo nokuthetha (imizuzu eli-15 kabini ngeveki) Ukuphulaphula amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo Kabini ngeveki, utitshala ufunda okanye ubalisa ibali. Amabali afundiweyo angalinganiswa kusetyenziswe izijekulo ukubonisa inkcazelo. Amabali afundiswayo mawabe kwiincwadi ezinkulu nakwipowusta apho bangabona khona imifanekiso. • Ukuphulaphula amabali amafutshane afundwa kwincwadi enkulu okanye kwipowusta, umz. UNomehlomancinane. • Ukuqonda nokuphendula imibuzo elula, umz. Unjani umbala womnqwazi? nemiyalelo, umz. “ndibonise izembe likaNomehlomancinane” • Ukuxela amagama ezinto ezimfanekisweni, ukuphendula imibuzo katitshala, umz. “Ngubani lo?” “ngu Nomehlomancinane”. Ukuvelisa imixholo, isigama, nesakhiwo solwimi. Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kule misebenzi ingentla: • Ukuqhubeleka ngokwakha isigama somlomo kuquka isigama esibonisa ingqiqo kwizihloko ezithile umz. umbala-blowu, bomvu, luhlaza • Ukuqalisa ukuvelisa ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula kwimeko yolwimi oluthethwayo olunentsingiselo, umz. iziyaleli ezinjenge “ijezi yam”; “khulula ijezi yakho”, ixesha langoku kwimo ende, umz. “ndiyanxiba´ izimnini, umz. “ijezi yam”, izininzi zezibizo ezibalwayo, umz. ikawusi - iikawusi. UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha: (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) Iiveki 1 - 5 • Ukwenza ngokwemiyalelo elula yomlomo • Ukukhomba izinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokuthunywa ngutitshala Iiveki 6 - 10 • Ukuxela izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula • Ukubonisa ukuqonda isigama somlomo esilula ngokukhomba izinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokuthunywa ngutitshala, umz. “khomba ijezi ebomvu/eqanda/eblowu/eluhlaza njalo-njalo. CAPS 25
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 1 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDISA Elona lincinci: imizuzu engama-30 Elona lininzi : iyure e-1 nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONOUkunakana izandi nendlela ezibizwa ngayo( 1-5 semizuzu kumsetyenzana ngamnye)Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane iqukwe kukuphulaphula nokuthetha, ndawonye nokufunda notitshala. • Ukwahlula-hlula izivakalisi zomlomo zibe ngamagama azimeleyo ngokuqhwaba ngegama ngalinye, umz. izivakalisi ezisebalini • Ngoncedo lukatitshala, bachonga amagama aphinda-phindwayo emabalini, kwiingoma nezicengcelezo, umz. iqaqa liyaziqika-qika. • Ukuqalisa ukuchonga izandi ezahluka-hlukeneyo zokuqala emagameni, umz. “c” cula, “s” sela • ngezikhamiso, umz. a e i o u, ngezicengcelezo neengoma (umz. ‘Bantwana bam. Mama. Yizani kum. Siyoyika’), atshatise iqabane nesikhamiso, umz. ma me mi mo mu • Uchonga amagama athile anesingqi nofundo lonobumba abancinci nabakhulu bealfabhethi • Ubiza, akhe, abhale amagama esebenzisa amaqabane onke ealfabhethi ( oononye), umz. s b c sala bala icala sela beka iceba sula biza iciko susa buka iculo • Qala ngamagama aqhelekileyo. • Amagama mawasetyenziswe kwizivakalisi ezifutshane, umz. Umama usela iti. Usisi usula usana. Utata ucula iculo. • Upelo nobizelo yinxalenye yoku. • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo • Ukulandelelana kwezikhamiso emagameni, umz. kwizininzi oosisi, nezikhuzo, umz. sii! Yhoo! Aa!) ILiteresi esakhulayo (imizuzu emi-5-10 kanye okanye kabini ngekota) Utitshala uza nezixhobo, iiphowusta njalo-njalo eklasini ukuze kubekho okanye kusetyenziswe ezo zifumaneka kuloo ngingqi yabo. Xa bekutyelelo apho engingqini yabo, uyazikhomba ezo zixhobo abafundise ngazo. • Ukuqaphela amagama asetyenziswa yonke imihla apho engingqini yabo, umz. phuma, ngena, vula, vala • Ukuvelisa iLiteresi esakhulayo, umz. izihloko ngokufunda notitshala 26 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Ukufunda notitshala (elona lincinane imizuzu engama-30 nelona likhulu iyure-1 nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Xa utitshala esebenzisa elona xesha likhulu kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, uqala incwadi enkulu entsha (okanye iphowusta okanye nayiphina itekisi enamagama amakhulu) qho ngeveki aze enze umsebenzi yonke imihla. Xa esebenzisa elona xesha lincinane kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, usebenzisa le tekisi inye iiveki ezimbini nezintathu aze enze umsebenzi kanye okanye kabini ngeveki. Utitshala ufundela iklasi itekisi leyo, akhombe amagama kuxoxwe nangemifanekiso ngoko kuqhubekayo ebalini. Uphinda alifunde ibali kulo veki, abakhuthaze bangenelele xa efunda. Itekisi le isetyenziswa ukwazisa isigama esitsha. • Ukuphulaphula ibali okanye itekisi belinganisa utitshala, bejonge nemifanekiso • Ukuxoxa ngemifanekiso besebenzisa LwaseKhaya apho kuyimfuneko • Ukuchonga izinto emfanekisweni umz. Ukuphendula imibuzo elula bencediswa yimifanekiso umz. Iphi inja, indoda, inkwenkwe? • Ukufunda isigama somlomo umz. inja, indoda, inkwenkwe njalo-njalo • Xa begqibile ukuphinda -phinda ukufunda, bangenelela kumculo weklasi, umz.chapha, chapha, chapha, imanzi ilokhwe yam. • Ukudlala imidlalo ngebali besebenzisa ingxoxo yababini • Ukuzoba umfanekiso ukubonisa oyena ndoqo webali UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukunakana izandi nendlela ezibizwa ngayo: (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) Iiveki 1-5 • Ukuchonga amagama aphinda-phindwayo emabalini, kwiingoma nezicengcelezo, umz. iqaqa liyaziqika-qika. • Ukuqalisa ukuchonga izandi ezahluka-hlukeneyo zokuqala emagameni, umz. “c” cula, “s” sela • Ubiza, akhe, abhale amagama esebenzisa amaqabane onke ealfabhethi oononye Ukufunda: (ezomlomo okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuchonga abantu, izilwanyana nezinto kwimizobo ekwincwadi ezinkulu (nakwezinye iitekisi ezinemibhalo emikhulu) • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula ngomfanekiso okanye ibali okanye itekisi enobunyani • Ukuzoba umfanekiso ngoyena ndoqo webali okanye itekisi enobunyani Umsebenzi wokuhlola okusesikweni 1 Ukufunda: (Okomlomo/ okwenziwayo) • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula ngomfanekiso okanye ibali okanye itekisi enobunyani • Ukubonisa ulwazi ngesigama ebalini ngokukhomba izinto emifanekisweni belandela imiyalelo katitshala, umz. ijezi ebomu/ eqanda/eblowu/eluhlaza • Ubiza, akhe, abhale amagama esebenzisa amaqabane onke ealfabhethi oononye noonombini CAPS 27
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 1 UKUBHALA IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDISA Elona lincinane: Alikho Elona lininzi : imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Ukubhala notitshala (elona lininzi - kanye ngeveki) Ukubhala okokuqala kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo maluncediswe ngutitshala • Ngoncedo lukatitshala ubhala isihloko somzobo wakhe aze afunde oko akubhalileyo UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukubhala: (okubhalwayo) • Ukukhuphela isihloko somfanekiso awuzobileyo aze afunde oko akubhalileyo 28 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 2 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA ( EZOMLOMO) IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO iyure e-1 nemizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Iiveki 1-5 Ootitshala mabakhethe izihloko ezibini eziyakubanceda ukwazisa nokubeka isigama esiyakumane sisetyenziswa nokuquka imisebenzi edweliswe ngezantsi. Qaphela ukuba izihloko ezicetyiswayo ziingcebiso nje. Ootitshala mabakhethe izihloko zabo ezifanelekileyo ngokwemeko nezixhobo abanazo. Mabaqiniseke ukuba banazo iincwadi ezinkulu eziyimfuneko/ iipowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto eziphathekayo ngesihloko abasikhethileyo. Mabazame ukuquka yonke imisebenzi kangangoko. MababaHlole abafundi Besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni okucetyiswayo kwiiveki 1 - 5. Iiveki 6-10 Ootitshala mabakhethe izihloko ezibini ezitsha ezizakubavumela ukuphuhlisa esele bekwenzile kwiiveki ezintlanu ezidlulileyo. Izihloko mazimvumele utitshala azise isigama esitsha ngokubethelela / ngokugxininisa esifundisiweyo. Izihloko mazimvumele utitshala ngokusoloko ebeka isigama esilula esiyakubuya sisetyenziswe, kwisakhiwo solwimi xa ethetha nabafundi ngoLwimi OloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. Ootitshala mabazame ukuquka yonke imisebenzi kangangoko banako. MabaHlole umsebenzi wabafundi abafundi besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni okucetyiswayo kwiiveki 6 - 10. Ootitshala mabaHlole abafundi ngokuseSikweni ekupheleni kweKota. Imisebenzi yemihla-ngemihla (1 iyure ngeveki) Makwenziwe umsebenzi omnye nangaphezulu yonke imihla, kuxhomekeke kwixesha elikhoyo: • Ukuqalisa ukuvelisa isigama somlomo (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha) esebenzisa isihloko esinje ngesi “Ukutya” • Ukuphendula imibuliso elula nokuthi ndlelantle esebenzisa amabinzana anje ngala“Molo” “Unjani?” “Ndiphilile”. • Enze izicelo ezilula umzekelo, “Ndicela iapile’. • Ukukhomba izinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokuthunywa ngutitshala, umz. “Ndibonise iapile/iorenji/ibhanana” njalo-njalo • Ukuxela izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni nokuphendula imibuzo katitshala enje ngale, umz. ‘Yintoni le?” “Liapile”. • Ukwenza ngokomyalelo, umz. “thatha iapile, yibeke phezu kwetafile”. • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula, umz.”zingaphi iiorenji?”. “zimbini”. • Ukuqonda nokuqalisa ukusebenzisa imigaqo yolwimi elula kumxholo, umz. ixesha langoku, umz. “ndiyazithanda iiapile - andizithandi iiapile”. • Ukucula iingoma ezilula enze nezilinganiso ngokuncediswa, umz. “ndiyakuthanda ukutya, ukutya, ukutya, ndiyakuthanda ukutya iapile nebhanana”. • Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwizicengcelezo neengoma esenza izilinganiso, umz. “Iphi inja yam encinane, Iphi inja yam iphi?”. • Ukudlala imidlalo ngolwimi, umz. omnye uchola umfanekiso weapile, awufihle, emva koko ababuze imibuzo, umz. Yintoni le? Abanye baqikelele, ‘liapile” njalo-njalo. CAPS 29
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Imisebenzi egxininise kukuphulaphula nokuthetha (imizuzu eli-15 kabini ngeveki) Ukuphulaphula amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo Kabini ngeveki, utitshala ufunda okanye ubalisa ibali. Amabali afundiweyo angalinganiswa kusetyenziswe izijekulo ukubonisa inkcazelo. Amabali afundiswayo mawabe kwiincwadi ezinkulu nakwiphowusta apho bangabona khona imifanekiso. • Ukuphulaphula ngomdla amabali amafutshane afundwa kwincwadi enkulu okanye kwiphowusta ndawonye nezinye iitekisi, bazebangenelele kwikhorasi, umz. UNomehlomancinane. • Ukuqonda nokuphendula imibuzo elula, umz. Unjani umbala weapile? nemiyalelo, umz. “ndibonise iorenjalo ebomvu” • Ukuxela izinto ezinye izinto emfanekisweni, ukuphendula imibuzo katitshala, umz. “yintoni le?” “yibhanana”. Ukuvelisa imixholo, isigama, nesakhiwo solwimi. Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kule misebenzi ingentla: • Ukuqhubeleka ngokwakha isigama somlomo kuquka isigama esilandelelanisayo, umz. iintsuku zeveki. • Ukuqalisa ukuvelisa ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula kwimeko yolwimi oluthethwayo olunentsingiselo, umz. ixesha langoku kwimo ende, umz. “ndiyazithanda iiapile”, imo elandulayo umz. “andizithandi iibhanana”. UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha: (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) Iiveki 1 - 5 • Ukuxela amagama ezinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokwesihloko esifundiweyo • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula Iiveki 6 - 10 • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula • Ukuchaza iimfuno zakhe esebenzisa amabinzana alula afundiswe kule kota. Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okusesikweni: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula ngeempendulo ezimfutshane. efana nokuba “Mangaphi amaapile alapho) • Ukuchaza iimfuno zakhe esebenzisa amabinzana alula Umzekelo: Andizithandi iibhanana? • Ukubonisa ukuqonda isigama somlomo esilula ngokukhomba izinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokuthunywa ngutitshala 30 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 2 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki Elona lininzi: iyure e-1 nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Ukufunda ngezandi namagama (imizuzu e-1-5 ngomsebenzi) Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane iqukwe kukuphulaphula nokuthetha, ndawonye nokufunda notitshala. • Ukwahlula-hlula izivakalisi zomlomo zibe ngamagama azimeleyo ngokuqhwaba ngegama ngalinye, umz. izivakalisi ezisebalini • Ukuqhwaba kumagama aqhelekileyo, umz. bha-na-na ukubonisa amalungu egama • Ngoncedo lukatitshala, bachonga amagama aphinda-phindwayo emabalini, kwiingoma nezicengcelezo, umz. iqaqa liyaziqika-qika. • Ukuqalisa ukuchonga izandi ezahluka-hlukeneyo zokuqala emagameni, umz. “m” mengo, “l ” lamuni • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo, umz. esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amabini( oonombini). umz. bh dl bhabha dlala ibhatata ibhekile dlisa ibhola dloba imfama, imfene, imfuyo, ingoma, ingubo, ingalo, ingobozi, ihlathi, ihlobo, iphupha, idyasi, inja, igusha, njalo -njalo • Qala ngamagama aqhelekileyo. • Ukulandelelana kwezikhamiso emagameni, umz. kwizininzi nakwizikhuzo (iimfene, oosisi, sii! Yhoo! Aa!) ILiteresi esakhulayo (imizuzu emi-5-10 kanye okanye kabini ngekota) Utitshala uza nezixhobo, iiphowusta njalo-njalo eklasini ukuze kubekho okanye kusetyenziswe ezo zifumaneka kuloo ngingqi yabo. Xa bekutyelelo apho engingqini yabo, uyazikhomba ezo zixhobo abafundise ngazo. • Ukuqaphela amagama asetyenziswa yonke imihla apho engingqini yabo, umz. yima, isikolo. • Ukuvelisa iLiteresi esakhulayo, umz. izihloko ngokufunda notitshala • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo • Ukulandelelana kwezikhamiso emagameni, umz. kwizininzi nakwizikhuzo (iimfene, oosisi, sii! Yhoo! Aa!) Ukufunda notitshala (elona lincinane imizuzu engama-30 nelona likhulu iyure-1 nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Xa utitshala esebenzisa elona xesha likhulu kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, uqala incwadi enkulu entsha (okanye iphowusta okanye nayiphina itekisi enamagama amakhulu) iveki nganye aze enze umsebenzi yonke imihla. Xa esebenzisa elona xesha lincinane kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, usebenzisa le tekisi inye iiveki ezimbini nezintathu aze enze umsebenzi kanye okanye kabini ngeveki. Utitshala ufundela iklasi itekisi leyo, akhombe amagama kuxoxwe nangemifanekiso ngoko kuqhubekayo ebalini. Uphinda alifunde ibali kulo veki, abakhuthaze bangenelele xa efunda. Itekisi le isetyenziswa ukwazisa isigama esitsha. • Ukuphulaphula ibali okanye itekisi belinganisa utitshala, bejonge nemifanekiso • Ukuxoxa ngemifanekiso besebenzisa uLwimi LweNkobe/ LwaseKhaya apho kuyimfuneko • Ukuchonga izinto emfanekisweni umz. imvula, ilanga, amafu. • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula bencediswa yimifanekiso umz. Injani imo yezulu namhlanje? CAPS 31
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 • Ukufunda isigama somlomo umz. imvula, ilanga, amafu njalo-njalo • Xa begqibile ukuphinda -phinda ukufunda, bangenelela kumculo weklasi, umz.chapha, chapha, chapha, imanzi ilokhwe yam. • Ukulinganisa ibali besebenzisa ingxoxo yababini • Ukuzoba umfanekiso ngoyena ndoqo webali UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukufunda ngezandi namagama: (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuqalisa ukuchonga izandi ezahluka-hlukeneyo zokuqala emagameni, umz. “m” mengo, “l ” lamuni • Ukuqhwaba kumagama aqhelekileyo, umz. bha-na-na ukubonisa amalungu egama • Ubiza, akhe, abhale amagama esebenzisa amaqabane onke ealfabhethi, oononye noonombini Ukufunda: (ezomlomo okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuchonga abantu, izilwanyana nezinto kwimizobo ekwincwadi ezinkulu (nakwezinye iitekisi ezinemibhalo emikhulu) • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula ngomfanekiso okanye ibali okanye ngetekisi • Ukuzoba umfanekiso ngoyena ndoqo webali • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo • Ukulandelelana kwezikhamiso emagameni, umz. kwizininzi nakwizikhuzo (iimfene, oosisi, sii! Yhoo! Aa!) Umsebenzi wokuhlola okusesikweni 2 Ukufunda: (Okomlomo/ okwenziwayo) • Ukuqhwaba kumagama aqhelekileyo, umz. bha-na-na ukubonisa amalungu egama • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula ngomfanekiso okanye ibali • Ukubonisa ulwazi ngesigama ebalini ngokukhomba izinto emifanekisweni belandela imiyalelo katitshala, umz. imvula, ilanga, amafu • Ukubiza, akhe, abhale amagama esebenzisa amaqabane onke ealfabhethi, oononye noonombini • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo • Ukulandelelana kwezikhamiso emagameni, umz. kwizininzi nakwizikhuzo (iimfene, oosisi, sii! Yhoo! Aa!) 32 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 2 UKUBHALA IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: Alikho Elona lininzi: imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Ukubhala notitshala (elona lininzi - kanye ngeveki) Ukubhala okokuqala kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo maluncediswe ngutitshala • Ngoncedo lukatitshala ubhala isihloko somzobo wakhe aze afunde oko akubhalileyo UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukubhala: (okubhalwayo) • Ukukhuphela isihloko somfanekiso awuzobileyo aze afunde oko akubhalileyo CAPS 33
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 3 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA (EZOMLOMO) IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Iyure e-1 nemizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Iiveki 1 - 5 Ootitshala mabakhethe izihloko ezibini eziyakubanceda ukwazisa nokubeka isigama esiyakubane sisetyenziswa nokuquka imisebenzi edweliswe ngezantsi. Qaphela ukuba izihloko ezicetyiswayo ziingcebiso nje. Ootitshala bangakhetha ezabo ezifanelekileyo ngokwemeko nezixhobo abanazo. Mabaqiniseke ukuba banazo iincwadi ezinkulu eziyimfuneko/ iiphowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto eziphathekayo ngesihloko abasikhethileyo. Mabazame ukuquka yonke imisebenzi kangangoko. MababaHlole abafundi Besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni okucetyiswayo kwiiveki 1 - 5. Iiveki 6 - 10 Ootitshala mabakhethe izihloko ezibini ezitsha ezizakubavumela ukuphuhlisa esele bekwenzile kwiiveki ezintlanu ezidlulileyo. Izihloko mazimvumele utitshala azise isigama esitsha ngokubethelela / ngokugxininisa esifundisiweyo. Izihloko mazimvumele utitshala ngokusoloko ebeka isigama esilula esiyakubuya sisetyenziswe, kwisakhiwo solwimi xa ethetha nabafundi ngoLwimi OloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. Ootitshala mabazame ukuquka yonke imisebenzi kangangoko banako. MababaHlole abafundi besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni okucetyiswayo kwiiveki 6 - 10. Ootitshala mabaHlole abafundi ngokuseSikweni ekupheleni kweKota. Imisebenzi yemihla-ngemihla (1 iyure ngeveki) Mnye nangaphezulu umsebenzi omawenziwe yonke imihla, kuxhomekeke kwixesha elikhoyo: • Ukuqalisa ukuvelisa isigama somlomo (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha) esebenzisa isihloko esinje ngesi “izilwanyana” • Ukuphendula imibuliso elula nokuthi ndlelantle esbenzisa amabinzana anje ngala“hamba kakuhle” “sobonana ngomso” . • Enze izicelo ezilula umzekelo, “nceda undiboleke ipensile’. • Ukukhomba izinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokuthunywa ngutitshala, umz. “Ndibonise inkomo, igusha, inkuku,ihagu, idada, ikati, ibhokhwe, inja” njalo-njalo • Ukuxela izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni nokuphendula imibuzo katitshala enje ngale, umz. ‘Yintoni le?” “yigusha”. • Ukwenza ngokomyalelo, umz. “zoba umfanekiso wekati ”. • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula, umz.”unjani umbala wekati?”. “imnyama ”. • Ukuqonda nokuqalisa ukusebenzisa imigaqo yolwimi elula kumxholo, umz. izichazi, umz. “inkomo inkulu, ikati incinane”. • Ukuchonga umntu, isilwanyana okanye into ngokunika inkcaza korayi-rayi okanye oqashi-qashi, umz. “Ndisisilwanyana esincinane. Ndinemilenze emine nomsila. Xa ndikhala ndithi nyawu-nyawu-nyawu. Ndiyintoni?” - Uyikati. • Ukucula iingoma ezilula enze nezilinganiso ngokuncediswa, umz. “Iphin’inja yam encinane, Iphin’inja yam iphi?”. • Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwizicengcelezo neengoma esenza izilinganiso, umz. “ndiyinkuku, bhabha bhabha, ndiyihagu, hoki, hoki.” • Ukudlala imidlalo ngolwimi, umz. omnye ulinganisa ukukhala kwesilwanyana, emva koko ababuze imibuzo, umz. Yintoni le ikhalayo? Abanye baqikelele, “yigusha, yinkomo, yibhokhwe, yinja” njalo-njalo. 34 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Imisebenzi egxininise kuphulaphulo nokuthetha (imizuzu eli-15 kabini ngeveki) Ukuphulaphula amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo Kabini ngeveki, utitshala ufunda okanye ubalisa ibali. Amabali afundiweyo angalinganiswa kusetyenziswe izijekulo ukubonisa inkcazelo. Amabali afundiswayo mawabe kwiincwadi ezinkulu nakwiphowusta apho bangabona khona imifanekiso. • Ukuphulaphula ngomdla amabali amafutshane afundwa kwincwadi enkulu okanye kwiphowusta ndawonye nezinye iitekisi, bazebangenelele kwikhorasi, umz. Ibhola yenkosazana. • Ukuqonda nokuphendula imibuzo elula, umz. ihlala phi igusha? nemiyalelo, umz. “ndibonise inkuku” • Ukuxela izinto ezinye izinto emfanekisweni, ukuphendula imibuzo katitshala, umz. “yintoni le?” “yibhokhwe”. Ukuvelisa imixholo, isigama, nesakhiwo solwimi. Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kule misebenzi ingentla: • Ukuqhubeleka ngokwakha isigama somlomo kuquka isigama esilandelelanisayo, umz. inani, nobungakanani. • Ukuqalisa ukuvelisa ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula kwimeko yolwimi oluthethwayo olunentsingiselo, umz. izichazi, umz. “inkulu - incinane”, izalathisi, umz. “lo, lowo, lowa ” nezihlomelo zobunjani,umz. ngokukhawuleza, ngokucotha. UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha: (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) Iiveki 1 - 5 • Ukukhomba izinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokwesihloko esifundiweyo • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula Iiveki 6 - 10 • Ukubeka intetho yakhe ngamabinzana alula • Ukuchonga umntu, isilwanyana okanye into ngokunika inkcaza korayi-rayi okanye oqashi-qashi, umz. “Ndisisilwanyana esincinane. Ndinemilenze emine nomsila. Xa ndikhala ndithi nyawu-nyawu-nyawu. Ndiyintoni?” - Uyikati. Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okusesikweni: 3 Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula • Ukuchonga umntu, isilwanyana okanye into ngokunika inkcaza korayi-rayi okanye oqashi-qashi, umz. “Ndisisilwanyana esincinane. Ndinemilenze emine nomsila. Xa ndikhala ndithi nyawu-nyawu-nyawu. Ndiyintoni?” • Uyikati • Ukubonisa ukuqonda isigama somlomo esilula ngokukhomba izinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokuthunywa ngutitshala CAPS 35
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 3 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: imizuzu engama-30 minutes ngeveki Elona lininzi: iyure e-1 nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Ukufunda ngezandi namagama (imizuzu e-1 - 5 ngomsebenzi) Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane iqukwe kukuphulaphula nokuthetha, ndawonye nokufunda notitshala. • Ukuqhwaba kumagama aqhelekileyo, umz. i-bho-khwe, i- ka- ti njalo-njalo ukubonisa amalungu egama • Ngoncedo lukatitshala, bachonga amagama aphinda-phindwayo emabalini, kwiingoma nezicengcelezo, umz. Idada lidada edamini • Ukuqalisa ukuchonga izandi ezahluka-hlukeneyo zokuqala emagameni, umz. “d” idonki, “k” ikati • Ukuqaphela isininzi, umz. iigusha, iibhokhwe, izinja njalo-njalo • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo, umz. esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amabini( oonombini. umz sh igusha isheleni ishishini • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo • Ukulandelelana kwezikhamiso emagameni, umz. kwizininzi nakwizikhuzo (iimfene, oosisi, sii! Yhoo! Aa!) ILiteresi esakhulayo (imizuzu emi-5-10 kanye okanye kabini ngekota) Utitshala uza nezixhobo, iiphowusta njalo-njalo eklasini ukuze kubekho okanye kusetyenziswe ezo zifumaneka kuloo ngingqi yabo. Xa bekutyelelo apho engingqini yabo, uyazikhomba ezo zixhobo abafundise ngazo. • Ukuqaphela amagama asetyenziswa yonke imihla apho engingqini yabo, umz. ivenkile, isitalato. • Ukuvelisa iLiteresi esakhulayo, umz. izihloko ngokufunda notitshala • Ubiza, akhe, abhale amagama esebenzisa amaqabane onke ealfabhethi, oononye noonombini Ukufunda notitshala (elona lincinane imizuzu engama-25-30 ngeveki nelona likhulu iyure-1 nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Xa utitshala esebenzisa elona xesha likhulu kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, uqala incwadi enkulu entsha (okanye iphowusta okanye nayiphina itekisi enamagama amakhulu) iveki nganye aze enze umsebenzi yonke imihla. Xa esebenzisa elona xesha lincinane ulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, usebenzisa le tekisi inye iiveki ezimbini nezintathu aze enze umsebenzi kanye okanye kabini ngeveki. Utitshala ufundela iklasi itekisi leyo, akhombe amagama kuxoxwe nangemifanekiso ngoko kuqhubekayo ebalini. Uphinda alifunde ibali kulo veki, abakhuthaze bangenelele xa efunda. Itekisi le isetyenziswa ukwazisa isigama esitsha. • Ukuphulaphula ibali okanye itekisi belinganisa utitshala, bejonge nemifanekiso • Ukuxoxa ngemifanekiso besebenzisa uLwimi LweNkobe/ LwaseKhaya apho kuyimfuneko • Ukuchonga izinto emfanekisweni umz. umvundla, indlovu, ihobe, udyakalashe. • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula bencediswa yimifanekiso umz. Ingaba ihobe linawo umsila? • Ukufunda isigama somlomo umz. ihashe, idonki, ukhetshe, udyakalashe njalo-njalo • Xa begqibile ukuphinda -phinda ukufunda, bangenelela kumculo weklasi, umz.hobe, hobe, unabani na apho? • Ukulinganisa ibali besebenzisa ingxoxo yababini • Ukuzoba umfanekiso ngoyena ndoqo webali 36 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukufunda ngezandi namagama: (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuqhwaba kumagama aqhelekileyo, umz. i-bho-khwe ukubonisa amalungu egama • Ukuqaphela isininzi, umz. iigusha, iibhokhwe, izinja njalo-njalo Ukufunda: (ezomlomo okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuchonga abantu, izilwanyana nezinto kwimizobo ekwincwadi ezinkulu (nakwezinye iitekisi ezinemibhalo emikhulu) • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula ngomfanekiso okanye ibali okanye ngetekisi • Ukuzoba umfanekiso ngoyena ndoqo webali Umsebenzi wokuhlola okusesikweni 3 Ukufunda: (Okomlomo/ okwenziwayo) • Ukuqaphela isininzi, umz. iigusha, iibhokhwe, izinja njalo-njalo • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula ngomfanekiso okanye ibali • Ukubonisa ulwazi ngesigama ebalini ngokukhomba izinto emifanekisweni belandela imiyalelo katitshala • Ubiza, akhe, abhale amagama esebenzisa amaqabane onke ealfabhethi, oononye noonombini • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo, umz. esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amabini (oonombini) • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo • Ukulandelelana kwezikhamiso emagameni, umz. kwizininzi nakwizikhuzo (iimfene, oosisi, sii! Yhoo! Aa!) CAPS 37
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 3 UKUBHALA IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: Alikho Elona lininzi: imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Ukubhala notitshala (elona lininzi - kanye ngeveki) Ukubhala okokuqala kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo maluncediswe ngutitshala • Ngoncedo lukatitshala ubhala isihloko somzobo wakhe aze afunde oko akubhalileyo • Ngoncedo lukatitshala ubhala uluhlu lwezinto, umz. izilwanyana: inja, ikati, imfene, indlulamthi njalo-njalo, iziqhamo: iapile, ibhanana, imengo, iorenjalo njalo-njalo. UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukubhala: (okubhalwayo) • Ukukhuphela isihloko somfanekiso awuzobileyo aze afunde oko akubhalileyo • Ukubhala uluhlu lwezinto ngokwezihloko 38 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 4 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA ( EZOMLOMO) IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Iyure e-1 nemizuzu engama -30 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Iiveki 1 - 5 Ootitshala mabakhethe izihloko ezibini eziyakubanceda ukwazisa nokubeka isigama esiyakubane sisetyenziswa nokuquka imisebenzi edweliswe ngezantsi. Qaphela ukuba izihloko ezicetyiswayo ziingcebiso nje. Ootitshala bangakhetha ezabo ezifanelekileyo ngokwemeko nezixhobo abanazo. Mabaqiniseke ukuba banazo iincwadi ezinkulu eziyimfuneko/ iiphowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto eziphathekayo ngesihloko abasikhethileyo. Mabazame ukuquka yonke imisebenzi kangangoko. MababaHlole abafundi Besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni okucetyiswayo kwiiveki 1 - 5. Iiveki 6 - 10 Ootitshala mabakhethe izihloko ezibini ezitsha ezizakubavumela ukuphuhlisa esele bekwenzile kwiiveki ezintlanu ezidlulileyo. Izihloko mazimvumele utitshala azise isigama esitsha ngokubethelela / ngokugxininisa esifundisiweyo. Izihloko mazimvumele utitshala ngokusoloko ebeka isigama esilula esiyakubuya sisetyenziswe, kwisakhiwo solwimi xa ethetha nabafundi ngoLwimi OloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. Ootitshala mabazame ukuquka yonke imisebenzi kangangoko banako. MababaHlole abafundi besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni okucetyiswayo kwiiveki 6 - 10. Ootitshala mabaHlole abafundi ngokuseSikweni ekupheleni kweKota. Imisebenzi yemihla-ngemihla (1 iyure ngeveki) Mnye nangaphezulu umsebenzi omawenziwe yonke imihla, kuxhomekeke kwixesha elikhoyo: • Ukuqalisa ukuvelisa isigama somlomo (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha) esebenzisa isihloko esinje ngesi “izinto endinokuzenza” • Ukuphendula imibuliso elula nokuthi ndlelantle esbenzisa amabinzana anje ngala“hamba kakuhle” “sobonana ngomso.” • Enze izicelo ezilula umzekelo, “nceda undiphe iglasi yamanzi”. • Ukukhomba izinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokuthunywa ngutitshala, umz. “Ndibonise intaka, ikiwu, inkuku, idada, inja” njalo-njalo • Ukuxela izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni nokuphendula imibuzo katitshala enje ngale, umz. ‘Yintoni le?” “likiwu”. • Ukwenza ngokomyalelo, umz. “zoba umfanekiso wentaka”. • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula, eyilinganisa umz.” tsiba, qhwaba, khaba?” njalo-njalo. • Ukuqonda nokuqalisa ukusebenzisa imigaqo yolwimi elula kumxholo, umz. “ndingatsiba, ndingabaleka, ndingaqhwaba.” • Ukuchonga umntu, isilwanyana okanye into ngokunika inkcaza korayi-rayi okanye oqashi-qashi, umz. “Ndinemilenze emibini, amaphiko amabini neentsiba, ndingabhabha. Ndiyintoni?” - Uyintaka. • Ukucula iingoma ezilula enze nezilinganiso ngokuncediswa, umz. “Ndimbonil’uthekwane, Ebezibuk’emanzini. • Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwizicengcelezo neengoma esenza izilinganiso, umz. “amahotyazana mahlanu emthini, kwabhabha lalinye kwasala amane”. • Ukudlala imidlalo ngolwimi, umz. omnye ulinganisa ukukhala kwentaka, emva koko ababuze imibuzo, umz. Yintaka ni le ikhalayo? Abanye baqikelele, “yinkuku, lidada, likiwu, ngukhetshe” njalo-njalo. CAPS 39
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Imisebenzi egxininise kuphulaphulo nokuthetha (imizuzu eli-15 kabini ngeveki) Ukuphulaphula amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo Kabini ngeveki, utitshala ufunda okanye ubalisa ibali. Amabali afundiweyo angalinganiswa kusetyenziswe izijekulo ukubonisa inkcazelo. Amabali afundiswayo mawabe kwiincwadi ezinkulu nakwiphowusta apho bangabona khona imifanekiso. • Ukuphulaphula ngomdla amabali amafutshane afundwa kwincwadi enkulu okanye kwiphowusta ndawonye nezinye iitekisi, bazebangenelele kwikhorasi, umz. Isikhukukazi namantshontsho aso. • Ukuqonda nokuphendula imibuzo elula, nemiyalelo umz. ndibonise ibhabhathane” “ndibonise inkuku” • Ukuxela izinto ezinye izinto emfanekisweni, ukuphendula imibuzo katitshala, umz. “yintoni le?” “libhabhathane”. Ukuvelisa imixholo, isigama, nesakhiwo solwimi. Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kule misebenzi ingentla: • Ukuqhubeleka ngokwakha isigama somlomo kuquka isigama esinengqiqo, umz. ukwazi ukwenza-amabhabhathane ayabhabha. • Ukuqalisa ukuvelisa ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula kwimeko yolwimi oluthethwayo olunentsingiselo, umz. izichazi, umz. “inkulu - incinane”, izalathisi, umz. “lo, lowo, lowa” nezihlomelo zobunjani,umz. ndingabaleka ngokukhawuleza, andinakubhabha. UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha: (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) Iiveki 1 - 5 • Ukuqonda nokuphendula imibuzo elula, nemiyalelo umz. ndibonise ibhabhathane” “ndibonise inkuku” • Ukubeka intetho yakhe ngamabinzana alula, umz. ndingatsiba. Iiveki 6 - 10 • Ukubeka intetho yakhe ngamabinzana alula, umz. ndingataka ndixhuma-xhume • Ukuchonga umntu, isilwanyana okanye intaka ngokunika inkcaza koorayi-rayi okanye ooqashi-qashi, umz. “Ndisisinambuzane esincinane, ndimnyama, ndisela igazi, ndiyabhabha ebusuku. Ndingubani?” - Uyingcongconi. Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okusesikweni: 4 Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula, nemiyalelo, umz. bala uyekuma kwi-10 • Ukubeka intetho yakhe ngamabinzana alula, ndingalibhala igama lam. • Ukubonisa ukuqonda isigama somlomo esilula ngokukhomba izinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokuthunywa ngutitshala • Ukuqonda amagama angama-700 ubuncinane ngokomxholo kwimeko apho elona lincinane ixesha linikwa uLwimi lokuQala elongezelelwyo aze abeli- 1000 amagama apho elona xesha lininzi linikwa uLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo 40 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 3 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: imizuzu engama-30 minutes ngeveki Elona lininzi: iyure e-1 nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Ukufunda ngezandi namagama (imizuzu e-1 - 5 ngomsebenzi) Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane iqukwe kukuphulaphula nokuthetha, ndawonye nokufunda notitshala. • Ukuqhwaba kumagama aqhelekileyo, umz. i-bho-khwe, i- ka- ti njalo-njalo ukubonisa amalungu egama • Ngoncedo lukatitshala, bachonga amagama aphinda-phindwayo emabalini, kwiingoma nezicengcelezo, umz. Idada lidada edamini • Ukuqalisa ukuchonga izandi ezahluka-hlukeneyo zokuqala emagameni, umz. “d” idonki, “k” ikati • Ukuqaphela isininzi, umz. iigusha, iibhokhwe, izinja njalo-njalo • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo, umz. esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amabini( oonombini. umz sh igusha isheleni ishishini • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo • Ukulandelelana kwezikhamiso emagameni, umz. kwizininzi nakwizikhuzo (iimfene, oosisi, sii! Yhoo! Aa!) ILiteresi esakhulayo (imizuzu emi-5-10 kanye okanye kabini ngekota) Utitshala uza nezixhobo, iiphowusta njalo-njalo eklasini ukuze kubekho okanye kusetyenziswe ezo zifumaneka kuloo ngingqi yabo. Xa bekutyelelo apho engingqini yabo, uyazikhomba ezo zixhobo abafundise ngazo. • Ukuqaphela amagama asetyenziswa yonke imihla apho engingqini yabo, umz. ivenkile, isitalato. • Ukuvelisa iLiteresi esakhulayo, umz. izihloko ngokufunda notitshala • Ubiza, akhe, abhale amagama esebenzisa amaqabane onke ealfabhethi, oononye noonombini Ukufunda notitshala (elona lincinane imizuzu engama-25-30 ngeveki nelona likhulu iyure-1 nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Xa utitshala esebenzisa elona xesha likhulu kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, uqala incwadi enkulu entsha ( okanye iphowusta okanye nayiphina itekisi enamagama amakhulu) iveki nganye aze enze umsebenzi yonke imihla. Xa esebenzisa elona xesha lincinane ulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, usebenzisa le tekisi inye iiveki ezimbini nezintathu aze enze umsebenzi kanye okanye kabini ngeveki. Utitshala ufundela iklasi itekisi leyo, akhombe amagama kuxoxwe nangemifanekiso ngoko kuqhubekayo ebalini. Uphinda alifunde ibali kulo veki, abakhuthaze bangenelele xa efunda. Itekisi le isetyenziswa ukwazisa isigama esitsha. • Ukuphulaphula ibali okanye itekisi belinganisa utitshala, bejonge nemifanekiso • Ukuxoxa ngemifanekiso besebenzisa uLwimi LweNkobe/ LwaseKhaya apho kuyimfuneko • Ukuchonga izinto emfanekisweni umz. umvundla, indlovu, ihobe, udyakalashe. • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula bencediswa yimifanekiso umz. Ingaba ihobe linawo umsila? • Ukufunda isigama somlomo umz. ihashe, idonki, ukhetshe, udyakalashe njalo-njalo • Xa begqibile ukuphinda -phinda ukufunda, bangenelela kumculo weklasi, umz.hobe, hobe, unabani na apho? • Ukulinganisa ibali besebenzisa ingxoxo yababini • Ukuzoba umfanekiso ngoyena ndoqo webali CAPS 41
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukufunda ngezandi namagama: (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuqhwaba kumagama aqhelekileyo, umz. i-bho-khwe ukubonisa amalungu egama • Ukuqaphela isininzi, umz. iigusha, iibhokhwe, izinja njalo-njalo Ukufunda: (ezomlomo okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuchonga abantu, izilwanyana nezinto kwimizobo ekwincwadi ezinkulu (nakwezinye iitekisi ezinemibhalo emikhulu) • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula ngomfanekiso okanye ibali okanye ngetekisi • Ukuzoba umfanekiso ngoyena ndoqo webali Umsebenzi wokuhlola okusesikweni 3 Ukufunda: (Okomlomo/ okwenziwayo) • Ukuqaphela isininzi, umz. iigusha, iibhokhwe, izinja njalo-njalo • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula ngomfanekiso okanye ibali • Ukubonisa ulwazi ngesigama ebalini ngokukhomba izinto emifanekisweni belandela imiyalelo katitshala • Ubiza, akhe, abhale amagama esebenzisa amaqabane onke ealfabhethi, oononye noonombini • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo, umz. esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amabini( oonombini) • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo • Ukulandelelana kwezikhamiso emagameni, umz. kwizininzi nakwizikhuzo (iimfene, oosisi, sii! Yhoo! Aa!) 42 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 3 UKUBHALA IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: Alikho Elona lininzi: imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Ukubhala notitshala (elona lininzi - kanye ngeveki) Ukubhala okokuqala kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo maluncediswe ngutitshala • Ngoncedo lukatitshala ubhala isihloko somzobo wakhe aze afunde oko akubhalileyo • Ngoncedo lukatitshala ubhala uluhlu lwezinto, umz. izilwanyana: inja, ikati, imfene, indlulamthi njalo-njalo, iziqhamo: iapile, ibhanana, imengo, iorenjalo njalo-njalo. UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukubhala: (okubhalwayo) • Ukukhuphela isihloko somfanekiso awuzobileyo aze afunde oko akubhalileyo • Ukubhala uluhlu lwezinto ngokwezihloko CAPS 43
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 4 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA ( EZOMLOMO) IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Iyure e-1 nemizuzu engama -30 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Iiveki 1 - 5 Ootitshala mabakhethe izihloko ezibini eziyakubanceda ukwazisa nokubeka isigama esiyakubane sisetyenziswa nokuquka imisebenzi edweliswe ngezantsi. Qaphela ukuba izihloko ezicetyiswayo ziingcebiso nje. Ootitshala bangakhetha ezabo ezifanelekileyo ngokwemeko nezixhobo abanazo. Mabaqiniseke ukuba banazo iincwadi ezinkulu eziyimfuneko/ iiphowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto eziphathekayo ngesihloko abasikhethileyo. Mabazame ukuquka yonke imisebenzi kangangoko. MababaHlole abafundi Besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni okucetyiswayo kwiiveki 1 - 5. Iiveki 6 - 10 Ootitshala mabakhethe izihloko ezibini ezitsha ezizakubavumela ukuphuhlisa esele bekwenzile kwiiveki ezintlanu ezidlulileyo. Izihloko mazimvumele utitshala azise isigama esitsha ngokubethelela / ngokugxininisa esifundisiweyo. Izihloko mazimvumele utitshala ngokusoloko ebeka isigama esilula esiyakubuya sisetyenziswe, kwisakhiwo solwimi xa ethetha nabafundi ngoLwimi OloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. Ootitshala mabazame ukuquka yonke imisebenzi kangangoko banako. MababaHlole abafundi besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni okucetyiswayo kwiiveki 6 - 10. Ootitshala mabaHlole abafundi ngokuseSikweni ekupheleni kweKota. Imisebenzi yemihla-ngemihla (1 iyure ngeveki) Mnye nangaphezulu umsebenzi omawenziwe yonke imihla, kuxhomekeke kwixesha elikhoyo: • Ukuqalisa ukuvelisa isigama somlomo (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha) esebenzisa isihloko esinje ngesi “izinto endinokuzenza” • Ukuphendula imibuliso elula nokuthi ndlelantle esbenzisa amabinzana anje ngala“hamba kakuhle” “sobonana ngomso.” • Enze izicelo ezilula umzekelo, “nceda undiphe iglasi yamanzi”. • Ukukhomba izinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokuthunywa ngutitshala, umz. “Ndibonise intaka, ikiwu, inkuku, idada, inja” njalo-njalo • Ukuxela izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni nokuphendula imibuzo katitshala enje ngale, umz. ‘Yintoni le?” “likiwu”. • Ukwenza ngokomyalelo, umz. “zoba umfanekiso wentaka”. • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula, eyilinganisa umz.”tsiba, qhwaba, khaba?” njalo-njalo. • Ukuqonda nokuqalisa ukusebenzisa imigaqo yolwimi elula kumxholo, umz. “ndingatsiba, ndingabaleka, ndingaqhwaba.” • Ukuchonga umntu, isilwanyana okanye into ngokunika inkcaza korayi-rayi okanye oqashi-qashi, umz. “Ndinemilenze emibini, amaphiko amabini neentsiba, ndingabhabha. Ndiyintoni?” - Uyintaka. • Ukucula iingoma ezilula enze nezilinganiso ngokuncediswa, umz. “Ndimbonil’uthekwane, Ebezibuk’emanzini. • Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwizicengcelezo neengoma esenza izilinganiso, umz. “amahotyazana mahlanu emthini, kwabhabha lalinye kwasala amane”. • Ukudlala imidlalo ngolwimi, umz. omnye ulinganisa ukukhala kwentaka, emva koko ababuze imibuzo, umz. Yintaka ni le ikhalayo? Abanye baqikelele, “yinkuku, lidada, likiwu, ngukhetshe” njalo-njalo. 44 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Imisebenzi egxininise kuphulaphulo nokuthetha (imizuzu eli-15 kabini ngeveki) Ukuphulaphula amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo Kabini ngeveki, utitshala ufunda okanye ubalisa ibali. Amabali afundiweyo angalinganiswa kusetyenziswe izijekulo ukubonisa inkcazelo. Amabali afundiswayo mawabe kwiincwadi ezinkulu nakwiphowusta apho bangabona khona imifanekiso. • Ukuphulaphula ngomdla amabali amafutshane afundwa kwincwadi enkulu okanye kwiphowusta ndawonye nezinye iitekisi, bazebangenelele kwikhorasi, umz. Isikhukukazi namantshontsho aso. • Ukuqonda nokuphendula imibuzo elula, nemiyalelo umz. ndibonise ibhabhathane” “ndibonise inkuku” • Ukuxela izinto ezinye izinto emfanekisweni, ukuphendula imibuzo katitshala, umz. “yintoni le?” “libhabhathane”. Ukuvelisa imixholo, isigama, nesakhiwo solwimi. Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kule misebenzi ingentla: • Ukuqhubeleka ngokwakha isigama somlomo kuquka isigama esinengqiqo, umz. ukwazi ukwenza-amabhabhathane ayabhabha. • Ukuqalisa ukuvelisa ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula kwimeko yolwimi oluthethwayo olunentsingiselo, umz. izichazi, umz. “inkulu - incinane”, izalathisi, umz. “lo, lowo, lowa” nezihlomelo zobunjani,umz. ndingabaleka ngokukhawuleza, andinakubhabha. UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha: (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) Iiveki 1 - 5 • Ukuqonda nokuphendula imibuzo elula, nemiyalelo umz. ndibonise ibhabhathane” “ndibonise inkuku” • Ukubeka intetho yakhe ngamabinzana alula, umz. ndingatsiba. Iiveki 6 - 10 • Ukubeka intetho yakhe ngamabinzana alula, umz. ndingataka ndixhuma-xhume • Ukuchonga umntu, isilwanyana okanye intake ngokunika inkcaza korayi-rayi okanye oqashi-qashi, umz. “Ndisisilwanyana esincinane, ndimnyama, ndisela igazi, ndiyabhabha ebusuku. Ndingubani?” - Uyingcongconi. Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okusesikweni: 4 Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula, nemiyalelo, umz. bala uyekuma kwi-10 • Ukubeka intetho yakhe ngamabinzana alula, ndingalibhala igama lam. • Ukubonisa ukuqonda isigama somlomo esilula ngokukhomba izinto eklasini okanye emfanekisweni ngokuthunywa ngutitshala • Ukuqonda amagama angama-700 ubuncinane ngokomxholo kwimeko apho elona lincinane ixesha linikwa uLwimi lokuQala elongezelelwyo aze abeli- 1000 amagama apho elona xesha lininzi linikwa uLwimi oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala CAPS 45
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 4 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki Elona lininzi: iyure e-1 nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Ukufunda ngezandi namagama (imizuzu e-1-5 ngomsebenzi) Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane iqukwe kukuphulaphula nokuthetha, ndawonye nokufunda notitshala. • Ukuqhwaba kumagama aqhelekileyo, umz. i-nta - ka, i-bha-bha-tha-ne njalo-njalo ukubonisa amalungu egama • Ngoncedo lukatitshala, bachonga amagama aphinda-phindwayo emabalini, kwiingoma nezicengcelezo, umz. Amahotyazana mahlanu emthini, Kwabhabha lalinye, kwasala lalinye. • Ukuqalisa ukuchonga izandi ezahluka-hlukeneyo zokuqala emagameni, umz. “d” idada, “k” ikiwu • Ukuqaphela isininzi, umz. iintaka, amabhabhathane, amadada njalo-njalo • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo, umz. esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amabini oonombini. umz. mb nd imbabala indaba imbeko indebe imbi indima imboleko indoda imbombo induku imbumbulu • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo • Ukulandelelana kwezikhamiso emagameni, umz. kwizininzi nakwizikhuzo (iimfene, oosisi, sii! Yhoo! Aa!) ILiteresi esakhulayo (imizuzu emi-5-10 kanye okanye kabini ngekota) Utitshala uza nezixhobo, iiphowusta njalo-njalo eklasini ukuze kubekho okanye kusetyenziswe ezo zifumaneka kuloo ngingqi yabo. Xa bekutyelelo apho engingqini yabo, uyazikhomba ezo zixhobo abafundise ngazo. • Ukuqaphela amagama asetyenziswa yonke imihla apho engingqini yabo, umz. ivenkile, isitalato. • Ukuvelisa iLiteresi esakhulayo, umz. izihloko ngokufunda notitshala Ukufunda notitshala (elona lincinane imizuzu engama-25-30 ngeveki nelona likhulu iyure-1 nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Xa utitshala esebenzisa elona xesha likhulu kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, uqala incwadi enkulu entsha (okanye iphowusta okanye nayiphina itekisi enamagama amakhulu) iveki nganye aze enze umsebenzi yonke imihla. Xa esebenzisa elona xesha lincinane kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, usebenzisa le tekisi inye iiveki ezimbini nezintathu aze enze umsebenzi kanye okanye kabini ngeveki. Utitshala ufundela iklasi itekisi leyo, akhombe amagama kuxoxwe nangemifanekiso ngoko kuqhubekayo ebalini. Uphinda alifunde ibali kulo veki, abakhuthaze bangenelele xa efunda. Itekisi le isetyenziswa ukwazisa isigama esitsha. • Ukuphulaphula ibali okanye itekisi belinganisa utitshala, bejonge nemifanekiso • Ukuxoxa ngemifanekiso besebenzisa uLwimi LweNkobe/ LwaseKhaya apho kuyimfuneko • Ukuchonga izinto emfanekisweni umz. idada, ihobe, ukhetshe. • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula bencediswa yimifanekiso umz. Ingabhabha intaka? • Ukufunda isigama somlomo umz. ndinga, ukubhabha, ukhetshe, ikiwu njalo-njalo • Xa begqibile ukuphinda -phinda ukufunda, bangenelela kumculo weklasi, umz.hobe, hobe, unabani na apho? 46 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 • Ukulinganisa ibali besebenzisa ingxoxo yababini • Ukuzoba umfanekiso ngoyena ndoqo webali UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukufunda ngezandi namagama: (ezomlomo kunye/okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuqhwaba kumagama aqhelekileyo, umz. i-bha-bha-tha-ne ukubonisa amalungu egama • Ukuqaphela isininzi, umz. iintaka, amabhabhathane, ookhetshe njalo-njalo • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo, umz. esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amabini( oonombini) • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo • Ukulandelelana kwezikhamiso emagameni, umz. kwizininzi nakwizikhuzo (iimfene, oosisi, sii! Yhoo! Aa!) Ukufunda: (ezomlomo okanye nezenziwayo) • Ukuchonga abantu, izilwanyana nezinto kwimizobo ekwincwadi ezinkulu (nakwezinye iitekisi ezinemibhalo emikhulu) • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula necacileyo ngomfanekiso okanye ibali okanye ngetekisi • Ukuzoba umfanekiso ngoyena ndoqo webali Umsebenzi wokuhlola okusesikweni 4 Ukufunda: (Okomlomo/ okwenziwayo) • Ukuqaphela isininzi, umz. iintaka, amabhabhathane, ookhetshe njalo-njalo • Ukuphendula imibuzo elula ngomfanekiso okanye ibali • Ukubonisa ulwazi ngesigama ebalini ngokukhomba izinto emifanekisweni belandela imiyalelo katitshala • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo, umz. esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amabini( oonombini) • Ukwakha izivakalisi ezilula kusetyenziswa izandi ezifundiweyo CAPS 47
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 4 UKUBHALA IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: Alikho Elona lininzi: imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki UMXHOLO / IINGQIQO / IZAKHONO Ukubhala notitshala (elona lininzi - kanye ngeveki) Ukubhala okokuqala kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo maluncediswe ngutitshala • Ngoncedo lukatitshala ubhala isihloko somzobo wakhe aze afunde oko akubhalileyo • Ngoncedo lukatitshala ubhala uluhlu lwezinto, umz. izinto ezibhabhayo: intaka, ibhabhathane, inqwelo-ntaka, inyosi njalo- njalo, UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zomsebenzi wokuhlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukubhala: (okubhalwayo) • Ukukhuphela isihloko somfanekiso awuzobileyo aze afunde oko akubhalileyo • Ukubhala uluhlu olulula lwezinto ngokwezihloko 48 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IITEKISI EZINOKUSETYENZISWA / OOVIMBA BOLWAZI: UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA • Imifanekiso neepowusta • Izinto ezinxulumene nezihloko nemixholo ethile, iiphaphethi, iimaskhi, njalo njalo • Imifanekiso eza kulandelelaniswa (pictures to sequence) • Iikhostyum ezenziweyo ukulungiselela ukulinganisa (role play) nokwenza (acting out) amabali • IiCD okanye iiteyiphu ezimanyelwayo ezinamabali (afundwayo okanye abaliswayo), imibongo, izicengcelezo neengoma, isidlali seeCD okanye isishicileli seteyiphu (tape recorder) umabonwakude neeteyiphu zevidiyo/iiDVD • Iincwadi zamabali namabali abaliswa ngomlomo • Imibongo, iingoma nezicengcelezo • Imidlalo yolwimi (eyenziwa ngomlomo) UKUFUNDA NEZANDI • Imifanekiso neepowusta • IiNcwadi eziNkulu - zamabali aqwetyiweyo nayinyani • Uluhlu lweencwadi ekucetyiswa ukuba zifundwe (amabali asi-7 -10) • Ezinye iitekisi ezandisiweyo (imibongo, iingoma, izicengcelezo, njalo njalo) • Iincwadi ezinemifanekiso eneengcaciso ezibhalwe phantsi kwazo (caption books) • Iincwadi ‘zokuzonwabisa’ ezimfutshane ezinesivakalisi esi-1 - 2 kwiphepha ngalinye, ezilungiselelwe ikona yokufundela • Oonotsheluza (flash card labels) bezinto eziseklasini, izinto ezibonisiweyo namagama abonwa rhoqo • Iitshathi zealfabhethi • Izinto zokukhomba eziza kusetyenziswa xa kufundwa iitekisi ezandisiweyo, amabali odonga (aseludongeni), izinto ezibonisiweyo • Izichazi-magama zabafundi (ezinolwimi olunye nezineelwimi ezimbini) UKUBHALA NOKUBHALA NGESANDLA • Izixhobo zokubhala ezifana neepensile, iipensile ezinemibala, iikhrayoni ezibukhandlelarha (wax crayons), iphepha elingabhalwanga elibubukhulu ngobukhulu (A3, A4, A5), irula, irabha, iincwadi zokubhalela ezingabhalwanga (blank jotters) • Iifliphutshathi neeKhokhi ezibhala ngqindilili CAPS 49
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IBANGA 2 ISIXHOSA ULWIMI LOKUQALA OloNgezelelweyo IIMFUNO ZEKOTA IKOTA 1 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA (EZOMLOMOI) IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: Imizuzu engama-45 Elona lininzi: Iyure e-1 ngeveki UMXHOLO/INGQIQO/IZAKHONO Iiveki 1 - 5 Ootitshala bakhetha izihloko ezibini eziya kubavumela ukuba bazise yaye bamane besebenzisa isigama (recycle vocabulary), yaye benze le misebenzi idweliswe apha ngezantsi. Qaphela ukuba ezi zihloko zicetyiswayo ziingcebiso nje. Ootitshala mabazikhethele imixholo yabo efanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko nezixhobo ezikhoyo. Mabaqiniseke ukuba baneeNcwadi eziNkulu/iipowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto zenyani ezaneleyo zeso sihloko basikhethileyo. Ootitshala mabazame ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi kangangoko ngexesha elikhoyo. Mabafake umsebenzi omtsha - ukuphulaphula amabalana nokubalisa amabalana. Utitshala makaqale akubonise oku ngokubalisa ibalana (umz. lento ayenze ngempela-veki). Emva koko kufuneka abaxhase abafundi ekubaliseni awabo amabali. Makanike amagama ayalelayo ukuncedisa abafundi, umzekelo, ‘Kule veki iphelileyo bendi ….ndaza nda....emva koko… Emva koko ndiya nda ….’ Kufuneka abancedise nangemo emfutshane yexesha elidlulileyo (umz. Ndihambe...). Abafundi baya kuziqhelisa ukuphulaphula nokubalisa amabalana abo unyaka wonke. Le nto iya kubanika ithuba lokusebenzisa ixesha elidlulileyo nezihlanganisi ezibonisa amaxesha (okukuqala, okulandelayo, emva koko) kwiimeko ezithile. Ngesinye isikhokelo jonga kwiCandelo lesi-4 ekupheleni kolu xwebhu. Kufuneka utitshala ahlole abafundi esebenzisa imiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni ecetyisiweyo yeeveki 1-5. Iiveki 6 - 10 Ootitshala bakhetha izihloko ezitsha ezibini eziya kubenza bakwazi ukwakhela koko sele kwenziwe kwiiveki zokuqala ezintlanu. Ezi zihloko mazenze ukuba afake isigama esitsha yaye agxininise kweso sigama sele sifundisiwe. Ezi zihloko mazimvumele utitshala ukuba amane esebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula nezisisiseko xa ethetha nabafundi ngoLwimi oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. Ootitshala mabaqiniseke ukuba bayenza yonke imisebenzi, ibe ngaphezu komsebenzi omnye ukuba kuyenzeka. Mabahlole abafundi besebenzisa imiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni ecetyisiweyo yeeVeki 6 - 10. Ootitshala mabenzise imiSebenzi yokuHlola okuseSikweni ekupheleni kwekota. Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Le misebenzi iyahluka ngokobude. Utitshala usenokwenza umsebenzi omnye omdana kungenjalo imisebenzi emibini okanye emithathu emifutshanana ngeveki. • Uyaqhuba nokukhulisa isigama somlomo (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha) esebenzisa izihloko ezifana ‘neeMvakalelo’ • Ulandela uluhlu olufutshane lwemiyalelo, umzekelo. ‘Zoba ubuso obonwabileyo. Ngoku ke zoba ubuso obungonwabanga.’ • Unika imiyalelo emifutshane, umzekelo, ‘Zoba ubuso obonwabileyo’. • Uqonda aphendule imibuzo elula efana nothi, ‘Yeyiphi ...?’ ‘Yekabani ...?’ Yekabani le ncwadi? Ufuna eliphi ibali?) • Wenza izicelo neentetho ezilula, umzekelo, ‘Ndinxaniwe. Ndicela iglasi yamanzi.’ • Uchonga into ngokulandela ingcaciso yomlomo elula, umzekelo, ‘Intombazana ikhathazekile. Iyalila.’ Abafundi mabadibanise le ngcaciso nomfanekiso ochanekileyo. • Uthetha ngezinto ezisemfanekisweni ngokomyalelo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Ubona ntoni emfanekisweni?’ ‘Ndixelele into oyibona emfanekisweni.’ • Uphulaphula ibalana elilula, umzekelo, utitshala ubalisa ngento ayenze ngempelaveki edlulileyo • Ubalisa ibalana elilula, encediswa ngutitshala, umzekelo, ubalisa ngento ayenze ngempelaveki edlulileyo • Ugcina engqondweni enze imibongo elula, izicengcelezo ezinentshukumo neengoma, umzekelo, Sifikil’ ezibukweni (x2), Tancu, tancu siwelile, Masisele emanzini! • Udlala imidlalo yolwimi, umzekelo uqikelela ukuba umntu uziva njani ngokujonga imbonakalo neentshukumo azenzayo 50 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Imisebenzi egxininise ekuphulaphuleni nasekuthetheni (ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15 ka-1 ngeveki, kodwa ingegqithi kwimizuzu eli-15 ka-2 ngeveki) Uphulaphula amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo (ukuFunda noTitshala) Kanye okanye kabini ngeveki, ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha elifumanekayo, utitshala ubalisa okanye ufunda ibali (okanye abalise ngezehlo ezehlileyo). Amabali abaliswayo angalinganiswa kusetyenziswa iintshukumo nezincedisi (props) ukuxhasa intsingiselo. Amabali afundwayo makathathwe eNcwadini eNkulu okanye ipowusta enemizobo apho bonke abafundi bayibonayo imifanekiso. • Uphulaphula amabali amafutshane, amabalana abaliswayo okanye iitekisi eziyinyani ezibaliswayo okanye ezifundwa eNcwadini eNkulu okanye kwipowusta enemizobo, umzekelo, Intsomi kaDyakalashe noHobe, ewonwabela athathe inxaxheba kwiindawana eziphinda-phindwayo ngamaxesha afanelekileyo. • Uva imiyalelo ayenze, umzekelo, ‘Khawundibonise uDyakalashe ophantsi komthi.’ • Uphendula, ngeempendulo ezimfutshane, imibuzo elula ecacileyo malunga nebali, umzekelo ‘Likhwele phi iHobe? Ufuna ukutya ntoni uDyakalashe?’ • Unika amagama ezinto ezisemfanekisweni ephendula imibuzo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Yintoni le?’ ‘Yintlanzi.’ • Ulinganisa ibali, esebenzisa inxalenye yencoko yababini Ukukhuliswa kwengqiqo, isigama nezakhiwo zolwimi Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kule misebenzi ingentla: • uyaqhuba nokwakha isigama somlomo, kuquka isigama esibonisa ingqiqo, umzekelo, ukuthetha ngeemvakalelo • uqala ukwakha ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula ezisemxholweni wolwimi oluthethwayo olunentsingiselo, umzekelo, uyaqonda aqale ukusebenzisa ixesha elidlulileyo, umzekelo, ‘Bendiye’; izihlanganisi ezibonisa ixesha, umzekelo, ‘okokuqala’, ‘emva koko’, ‘kuze kulandele’ UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) Iiveki 1 - 5 • Uchonga umfanekiso ngokulandela ingcaciso yomlomo elula, umzekelo, ‘Inkwenkwe yonwabile, incumile.’ • Uphulaphula abalise amabalana alula aze aphendule imibuzo emalunga nawo, umzekelo ‘Waqala ngokwenza ntoni uMandla? Waza wenza ntoni emva koko?, njalo njalo.’ Iiveki 6 - 10 • Ulandela uluhlu lwemiyalelo, umzekelo. ‘Zoba ubuso obonwabileyo. Ngoku ke zoba ubuso obukhathazekileyo. Okokugqibela, zoba ubuso obucaphukayo.’ • Ubalisa ibalana elilula ngomlomo: NgeCawa, ndivuke ngentsimbi yesi-8. Ndahlamba. Emva koko ndiye ndanxiba iimpahla zam. Ndaza ndaya enkonzweni. UMsebenzi woku-1 oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Uphulaphula abalise amabalana alula aze aphendule imibuzo emalunga nawo, umzekelo ‘Waqala ngokwenza ntoni umakhulu? Waza wenza ntoni emva koko?, njalo njalo.’ • Ubonisa ukuqonda isigama esithile esisisiseko somlomo ngokukhomba abantu abasemfanekisweni okanye enze izenzo ayalelwa ukuba makazenze ngutitshala, umzekelo, Khawenze ngathi awonwabanga/wonwabile/uyacaphuka/udiniwe, njalo njalo. Khomba umfanekiso womntu ongonwabanga/owonwabileyo/onomsindo/odiniweyo, njalo njalo. CAPS 51
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 1 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: Imizuzu engama-45 ngeveki Elona lininzi: Iyure enemizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/INGQIQO/IZAKHONO Ulwazi lwezandi namagama (imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Ootitshala bahlaziya ulwazi loononye, beqala ngonxulumano oluphakathi kwesandi nonobumba olufanayo nolo loLwimi / lwaseKhaya nezibalulekileyo esiXhoseni. Bakha amagama amafutshane aqhelekileyo besebenzisa izandi abafundi abasele bezazi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo. Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane (imizuzu emi-5 - 10); isenokudityaniswa kwimisebenzi yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha nokuFunda. • Wahlula phakathi kwezandi ezidla ngokubhidaniswa ngokuziva ngokuziphulaphula (umz. ‘hl’ no’dl’ - ‘hlala’, ‘dlala’) • Ukhetha unxulumano phakathi kwesandi nonobumba abazimeleyo (umz. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, y) • Wakha acazulule amagama anoonobumba aba-3 esebenzisa izandi azifundileyo. (umz. m-n-a, m-na, mna; e-w-e, e-we, ewe) • Ukuhlaziya izandi zoononye noonombini abafundwe kwibanga 1 • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu) umz. ngc ndl ntl ingca indlala intlanzi ingcongconi indlela intlaka ukungcola indlebe intloko indlovu indlu indlulamthi ingxolo, intsimbi, tshayela tshisa, ingqaka, ingqele, ingqondo, ingqolowa njalo-njalo Qala ngamagama aqhelekileyo. Upelo nobizelo luyinxalenye yoku. • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amane ( oonone) umz. ngcw ingcwaba ingcwele • Wakha acazulule amagama anoonobumba aba-3 esebenzisa izandi azifundileyo. (umz. m-n-a, m-na, mna; e-w-e, e-we, ewe) • Uqaphela ukuphela ngokufanayo kwamagama (umz. ‘am’ - ‘kwam’, ‘eni’-’esikolweni’) • Ubeka amagama afanayo ngokwamaqela amagama (umz. yam, zam, bam) UkuFunda noTitshala (ixesha lako libekwe phantsi kokuPhulaphula nokuThetha) UkuFunda noTitshala ngumsebenzi wokufunda nokuphulaphula; kukwaquka ukuthetha kuba abafundi bathetha ngetekisi notitshala wabo. KwiBanga lesi-2, ukuFunda noTitshala kuya kuqhuba, kodwa sele kuyinxalenye yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha. UkuFunda kwamaQela okuKhokelwayo (ubuncinane bemizuzu engama-30 nelona lininzi leyure nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Ootitshala mabazise ukuFunda kwamaQela okuKhokelwayo kule kota. Ootitshala abasebenzisa elona lininzi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo mabohlule iklasi ibe ngamaqela okufunda ama-5 ohlulwe ngokokulingana kokukwazi ukufunda baze basebenze neqela ngalinye imizuzu eli-15. 52 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Ngoku utitshala asasebenza neli qela amanye amaqela aya kufundisana eqeleni okanye abafundi bafundelane ngezibini, besebenzisa iitekisi abaziqhelileyo okanye imisebenzi enxulumene netekisi. Ezi ncwadi mazibe lula kakhulu zinokuphinda- phindwa kwezakhiwo nesigama kunye nemifanekiso exhasa itekisi. Abafundi sele bekwenzile ukuFunda okuKhokelwayo kuLwimi lwabo / lwaseKhaya ekuqaleni kweBanga loku-1, ngoko ke bafanele ukuba sele beyiqhelile le ndlela. Ootitshala abasebenzisa elona lincinane kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, apho banemizuzu engama-30 kuphela, mabenze umsebenzi wokufunda okukhokelwayo kweklasi kabini ngeveki. • Ufundela ngaphandle (ngokukhwazayo) encwadini yakhe ekufundeni kweqela okukhokelwayo efunda notitshala. Iqela lonke lifunda ibali elifanayo okanye itekisi eyinyani, lifunda kunye notitshala • Usebenzisa iindlela zokufunda ezifundiswe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya esenzela ukuqonda itekisi nokuzihlola xa efunda (izandi, izikhokelo zeemeko, uhlalutyo lwesakhiwo, amagama abonwa rhoqo) • Ufunda ngokuqhabalaka okwandayo • Ubonisa ukuqonda uphawulo lwentetho (punctuation) xa efundela ngaphandle • Uqalisa ukuzakhela uluhlu lwamagama abonwa rhoqo ewathatha ekufundeni okukhokelwayo, ukufunda notitshala nokuzifundela yedwa Ukuzifundela (ngexesha abangenzi nto ngalo abafundi esikolweni okanye ekhaya) Abafundi mabakhuthazelwe ukuba bazifundele ngoLwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala xa benexesha abangenzi nto ngalo eklasini (umz. xa beqale bagqiba ukwenza umsebenzi) nasekhaya (umz. umsebenzi wasekhaya). Kubalulekile ukuba onke amathuba afumanekayo eklasini asetyenziselwe ukuphuhlisa ukufunda kwabo. • Ufunda into ayibhalileyo nebhalwe ngabanye • Uzifundela ngoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo iincwadi engancediswa ngethuba lokuFunda okuKhokelwayo afunde neencwadi ezilula ezicacisa imifanekiso (caption books) neencwadi zamabali abaliswa ngemifanekiso (picture story books) afumaneka kwikona yokufunda yaseklasini • Usebenzisa izichazi-magama zabafundi ezinemifanekiso (zolwimi olunye nezimbini) ukukhangela intsingiselo yamagama angawaziyo UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Izandi: (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Wakha acazulule amagama anoonobumba aba-3 esebenzisa izandi azifundileyo. (umz. m-n-a, m-na, mna; e-w-e, e-we, ewe) UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: Izandi: (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Ukhetha unxulumano phakathi kwesandi nonobumba abaninzi abazimeleyo (umz. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, y) • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane angoononye, oonombini, oonontathu noonone Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Ukufunda: (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Ufunda ngokuqhabalaka okwandayo • Ubonisa ukuqonda uphawulo lwentetho (punctuation) xa efundela ngaphandle UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 1 UkuFunda (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Ufunda itekisi emfutshane (isivakalisi esi-1 - 2 kwiphepha ngalinye), ekunye notitshala, elandela into akhomba ngayo utitshala • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu noonone) CAPS 53
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 1 UKUBHALA IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/INGQIQO/IZAKHONO ImiSebenzi yokuBhala (Kabini ngeveki) • Usebenzisa izakhono zokubhala ngesandla esele zifundiwe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya • Ubhala uluhlu lwezihloko • Ukhetha akhuphele ingcaciso (caption) ecacisa imifanekiso ngokupheleleyo • Ubhala ingcaciso yomfanekiso, encediswa • Ugqibezela izivakalisi ngokufakela amagama ashiyelelweyo. UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukubhala: (okubhaliweyo) Iiveki 1 - 5 • Ubhala ingcaciso yomfanekiso, encediswa Iiveki 6 - 10 • Ugqibezela izivakalisi ngokufakela amagama ashiyelelweyo. UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 1 Ukubhala: (okubhaliweyo) • Ugqibezela izivakalisi ezi-3 ngokufakela amagama ashiyelelweyo 54 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 2 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA (EZOMLOMO) IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: Imizuzu engama-45 ngeveki Elona lininzi: Iyure e-1 ngeveki UMXHOLO/INGQIQO/IZAKHONO Iiveki 1 - 5 Ootitshala bakhetha izihloko ezibini eziya kubavumela ukuba bazise yaye bamane besebenzisa isigama (recycle vocabulary), yaye benze le misebenzi idweliswe apha ngezantsi. Qaphela ukuba ezi zihloko zicetyiswayo ziingcebiso nje. Ootitshala mabazikhethele imixholo yabo efanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko nezixhobo ezikhoyo. Mabaqiniseke ukuba baneeNcwadi eziNkulu/iipowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto zenyani ezaneleyo zeso sihloko basikhethileyo. Ootitshala mabazame ukwenza yonke imisebenzi, ibe ngaphezu komsebenzi omnye ukuba kuyenzeka. Mabahlole abafundi besebenzisa imiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni ecetyisiweyo yeeVeki 1-5. Iiveki 6 - 10 Ootitshala bakhetha izihloko ezitsha ezibini eziya kubenza bakwazi ukwakhela koko sele kwenziwe kwiiveki zokuqala ezintlanu. Ezi zihloko mazenze ukuba afake isigama esitsha yaye agxininise kweso sigama sele sifundisiwe. Ezi zihloko mazimvumele utitshala ukuba amane esebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula nezisisiseko xa ethetha nabafundi ngoLwimi oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. Ootitshala mabaqiniseke ukuba bayenza yonke imisebenzi, ibe ngaphezu komsebenzi omnye ukuba kuyenzeka. Mabahlole abafundi besebenzisa imiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni ecetyisiweyo yeeVeki 6-10. Ootitshala mabenzise imiSebenzi yokuHlola okuseSikweni ekupheleni kwekota. Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Le misebenzi iyahluka ngokobude. Utitshala usenokwenza umsebenzi omnye omdana kungenjalo imisebenzi emibini okanye emithathu emifutshanana ngeveki. • Uyaqhuba nokukhulisa isigama somlomo (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha) esebenzisa izihloko ezifana ‘neeMvakalelo’ • Ulandela uluhlu olufutshane lwemiyalelo, umzekelo. ‘Phakama. Yiya emnyango uvule ucango.’ • Unika imiyalelo emifutshane, umzekelo, ‘Vula ucango’. ‘Vala ucango.’ • Uqonda aphendule imibuzo elula efana nothi, ‘Yeyiphi ...?’ ‘Yekabani ...?’ (Sesikabani esi sihlangu?) • Wenza izicelo neentetho ezilula, umzekelo, ‘Kuyabanda. Ndicela ukuthatha ijezi.’ • Uchonga into ngokulandela ingcaciso yomlomo elula, umzekelo, ‘Kusibekele.’ Abafundi mabadibanise le ngcaciso nomfanekiso ochanekileyo.) • Uthetha ngezinto ezisemfanekisweni ngokomyalelo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Ubona ntoni emfanekisweni?’ ‘Ndixelele into oyibona emfanekisweni.’ • Uphulaphula ibalana elilula, umzekelo, utitshala ebalisa ngotyelelo elwandle ngosuku olutshisayo. • Ubalisa ibalana elilula, encediswa ngutitshala, umzekelo, ubalisa ngohambo lwakhe. • Ugcina engqondweni enze imibongo elula, izicengcelezo ezinentshukumo neengoma, umzekelo, Mntakwethu (x2), Ulele na? (x2) Kubethwa intsimbi (x2) Khelekenkce! (x2) • Udlala imidlalo yolwimi, umzekelo, abafundi basebenza ngokwamaqela - mabacinge ngamagama eempahla abazinxiba xa kutshisa/kubanda. Iqela elinamagama amaninzi liyaphumelela. Imisebenzi egxininise ekuphulaphuleni nasekuthetheni (ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15 ka-1 ngeveki, kodwa ingegqithi kwimizuzu eli-15 ka-2 ngeveki) Uphulaphula amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo (ukuFunda noTitshala) Kanye okanye kabini ngeveki, ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha elifumanekayo, utitshala ubalisa okanye ufunda ibali (okanye abalise ngezehlo ezehlileyo). Amabali abaliswayo angalinganiswa kusetyenziswa iintshukumo nezincedisi (props) ukuxhasa intsingiselo. Amabali afundwayo makathathwe eNcwadini eNkulu okanye ipowusta enemizobo apho bonke abafundi bayibonayo imifanekiso. CAPS 55
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 • Uphulaphula amabali amafutshane, amabalana abaliswayo okanye iitekisi eziyinyani ezibaliswayo okanye ezifundwa eNcwadini eNkulu okanye kwipowusta enemizobo, umzekelo, Intsomi kaDyakalashe noHobe, ewonwabela athathe inxaxheba kwiindawana eziphinda-phindwayo ngamaxesha afanelekileyo. [Utitshala makazikhethele ibali elifanelekileyo asebenzise lona.] • Uva imiyalelo ayenze, umzekelo, ‘Khawundibonise uDyakalashe ophantsi komthi.’ Ndibonise umthi. Bala abafundi beHobe. Bangaphi?’ • Uphendula, ngeempendulo ezimfutshane, imibuzo elula ecacileyo malunga nebali, umzekelo ‘Kutheni uDyakalashe engakwazi ukuzithathela ngokwakhe abafundi beHobe?’ • Unika amagama ezinto ezisemfanekisweni ephendula imibuzo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Yintoni le?’ ‘Ngumthi.’ • Ulinganisa amabali alula esebenzisa inxalenye yencoko yababini • Ubalisa ibali kwakhona encediswa ngutitshala Ukukhuliswa kwengqiqo, isigama nezakhiwo zolwimi Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kule misebenzi ingentla: • uyaqhuba nokwakha isigama somlomo, kuquka isigama esibonisa ingqiqo, umzekelo, ukuthetha ngemozulu • uqala ukwakha ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula ezisemxholweni wolwimi oluthethwayo olunentsingiselo, umzekelo, uyaqonda aqale ukusebenzisa intsiza-senzi ‘Kuyabanda’; uluhlu olubanzana lwezibizo ezinentsiza-senzi: kuyagqutha, liyana, uyafika, bayahamba) UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni: UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) Iiveki 1 - 5 • Uchonga umfanekiso ngokulandela ingcaciso yomlomo elula, umzekelo, ‘Liyana.’ • Uphulaphula abalise amabalana alula aze aphendule imibuzo emalunga nawo, umzekelo ‘Waqala ngokwenza ntoni uMandla? Waza wenza ntoni emva koko?, njalo njalo.’ Iiveki 6 - 10 • Uphendula imibuzo elula, umzekelo, ‘Injani imozulu namhlanje?’ • Ubalisa ibalana elilula lomlomo, umzekelo, ‘NgeCawa, ndivuke ngentsimbi yesi-8. Ndahlamba. Emva koko ndiye ndanxiba iimpahla zam. Ndaza ndaya enkonzweni.’ UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 2 UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Uphulaphula abalise amabalana alula aze aphendule imibuzo emalunga nawo, umzekelo ‘Uvuke nini uSipho? Ibinjani imozulu? Uqale ngokwenza ntoni? Waza wenza ntoni emva koko? Wagqibela ngokwenza ntoni? • Ubonakalisa ukuqonda isigama somlomo esisisiseko ngokukhomba izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni okanye enze iintshukumo utitshala amyalele ukuba azenze, umzekelo, ‘Khawundibonise isambuleli. Unjani umbala wesambuleli?, njalo njalo.’ 56 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 2 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: Imizuzu engama-45 Elona lininzi: Iyure enemizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/INGQIQO/IZAKHONO Ulwazi lwezandi namagama (imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane (imizuzu emi-5 - 10) yaye yahlula-hlulelwe iveki. Isenokudityaniswa kwimisebenzi yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha, neyokuFunda. • Uchonga unxulumano lwezandi nonobumba kubo bonke oonobumba abazimeleyo (abanye) • Uqaphela ukuphela ngokufanayo kwamagama (umz. ‘am’, ‘eni’ - ‘kwam’, ‘esikolweni’) • Wakha acazulule amagama alula aqala ngeqabane elinye ngokwesiqalo selungu (onset) nokulandelayo kwelungu (rime) (umz. f-a(ka), s-i(ka), s-e(la)) • Wahlula phakathi kwamagama anezandi ezide nezifutshane (umz. wahleka (kudala), wahleka (ngoku)) • Ukuhlaziya izandi zoononye noonombini abafundwe kwikota 1 • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu) umz. ngc ndl ntl ingca indlala intlanzi ingcongconi indlela intlaka ukungcola indlebe intloko indlovu indlu indlulamthi ingxolo, intsimbi, tshayela tshisa, ingqaka, ingqele, ingqondo, ingqolowa njalo-njalo Qala ngamagama aqhelekileyo. Upelo nobizelo luyinxalenye yoku. • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amane ( oonone) umz. ngcw ngcwaba ingcwele • Wakha acazulule amagama anoonobumba aba-3 esebenzisa izandi azifundileyo. (umz. m-n-a, m-na, mna; e-w-e, e-we, ewe) • Uqaphela ukuphela ngokufanayo kwamagama (umz. ‘am’ - ‘kwam’, ‘eni’-’esikolweni’) • Ubeka amagama afanayo ngokwamaqela amagama (umz. yam, zam, bam) UkuFunda noTitshala (ixesha lako libekwe phantsi kokuPhulaphula nokuThetha) UkuFunda noTitshala ngumsebenzi wokufunda nokuphulaphula; kukwaquka ukuthetha kuba abafundi bathetha ngetekisi notitshala wabo. KwiBanga lesi-2, ukuFunda noTitshala kuya kuqhuba, kodwa sele kuyinxalenye yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha. UkuFunda kwamaQela okuKhokelwayo (ubuncinane bemizuzu engama-30 nelona lininzi leyure nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) CAPS 57
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Ootitshala abasebenzisa elona lininzi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo mabohlule iklasi ibe ngamaqela okufunda ama-5 ohlulwe ngokokulingana kokukwazi ukufunda baze basebenze neqela ngalinye imizuzu eli-15. Ngoku utitshala asasebenza neli qela amanye amaqela aya kufundisana eqeleni okanye abafundi bafundelane ngezibini, besebenzisa iitekisi abaziqhelileyo okanye imisebenzi enxulumene netekisi. Ezi ncwadi mazibe lula kakhulu zinokuphinda-phindwa kwezakhiwo nesigama kunye nemifanekiso exhasa itekisi. Ootitshala abasebenzisa elona lincinane kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, apho banemizuzu engama-30 kuphela, mabenze umsebenzi wokufunda okukhokelwayo kweklasi kabini ngeveki. • Ufundela ngaphandle (ngokukhwazayo) encwadini yakhe ekufundeni kweqela okukhokelwayo efunda notitshala. Iqela lonke lifunda ibali elifanayo okanye itekisi eyinyani, lifunda kunye notitshala • Usebenzisa iindlela zokufunda ezifundiswe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya esenzela ukuqonda itekisi nokuzihlola xa efunda (izandi, izikhokelo zeemeko, uhlalutyo lwesakhiwo, amagama abonwa rhoqo) • Ufunda ngokuqhabalaka okwandayo • Ubonisa ukuqonda uphawulo lwentetho (punctuation) xa efundela ngaphandle • Uqalisa ukuzakhela uluhlu lwamagama abonwa rhoqo ewathatha ekufundeni okukhokelwayo, ukufunda notitshala nokuzifundela yedwa Ukuzifundela (ngexesha abangenzi nto ngalo abafundi esikolweni okanye ekhaya) Abafundi mabakhuthazelwe ukuba bazifundele ngoLwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala xa benexesha abangenzi nto ngalo eklasini xa beqale bagqiba ukwenza umsebenzi nasekhaya njengomsebenzi wasekhaya. Kubalulekile ukuba onke amathuba afumanekayo eklasini asetyenziselwe ukuphuhlisa ukufunda kwabo. • Ufunda into ayibhalileyo nebhalwe ngabanye • Uzifundela ngoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo iincwadi engancediswa ngethuba lokuFunda okuKhokelwayo afunde neencwadi ezilula ezicacisa imifanekiso (caption books) neencwadi zamabali abaliswa ngemifanekiso (picture story books) afumaneka kwikona yokufunda yaseklasini • Usebenzisa izichazi-magama zabafundi ezinemifanekiso (zolwimi olunye nezimbini) ukukhangela intsingiselo yamagama angawaziyo UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni: Izandi: (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Wahlula phakathi kwamagama anezandi ezide nezifutshane (umz. wahleka (kudala), wahleka (ngoku)) UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 2 Izandi (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Uchonga unxulumano lwezandi nonobumba kubo bonke oonobumba abazimeleyo (abanye) • Wakha acazulule amagama alula aqala ngeqabane elinye ngokwesiqalo selungu (onset) nokulandelayo kwelungu (rime) (umz. f-a(ka), s-i(ka), s-e(la)) • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu) noonone Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukufunda: (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Ufundela ngaphandle (ngokukhwazayo) encwadini yakhe ekufundeni kweqela okukhokelwayo efunda notitshala okt. iqela lonke lifunda ibali elifanayo UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 2 Ukufunda (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo kunye/okanye okubhalwayo) • Ufunda iiNcwadi eziNkulu okanye iitekisi ezandisiweyo, ekunye notitshala, elandela into akhomba ngayo utitshala, esebenzisa imizobo ukuncedisa ukuqonda • Ubonakalisa ukuqonda ibali elifutshane elibhaliweyo, umzekelo, udibanisa ingcaciso yomfanekiso/isivakalisi esicacisa umfanekiso esidibanisa nomfanekiso okanye aphendule imibuzo 58 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 2 UKUBHALA IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/INGQIQO/IZAKHONO Imisebenzi yokuBhala (ka-2 okanye ka-3 ngeveki) Ootitshala mabakhethe kwezi zinto zilandelayo; mabazame ukwenza le misebenzi ibe mininzi kangangoko kwixesha abanalo: • Usebenzisa izakhono zokubhala ngesandla esele zifundiwe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya • Ukhetha akhuphele ingcaciso (caption) ecacisa imifanekiso • Ubhala ingcaciso yomfanekiso, encediswa • Ugqibezela izivakalisi ngokufakela amagama ashiyelelweyo. • Ubhala izivakalisi esebenzisa amagama anezandi namagama abonwayo aqhelekileyo (common sight words) asele efundiwe • Usebenzisa uphawulo-ntetho (punctuation) asele elufundisiwe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya (oonobumba abakhulu nezingxi) • Uzakhela ibhanki yesigama nesichazi-magama sakhe UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukubhala: (okubhaliweyo) Iiveki 1 - 5 • Ugqibezela izivakalisi ezi-3 ngokufakela amagama ashiyelelweyo Iiveki 6 - 10 • Ubhala izivakalisi esebenzisa amagama anezandi namagama abonwayo aqhelekileyo (common sight words) asele efundiwe • Usebenzisa uphawulo-ntetho asele elufundisiwe (oonobumba abakhulu nezingxi) UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 2 Ukubhala: (okubhaliweyo) • Ubhala izivakalisi esebenzisa amagama anezandi namagama abonwayo aqhelekileyo (common sight words) asele efundiwe • Usebenzisa uphawulo-ntetho (punctuation) asele elufundisiwe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya (oonobumba abakhulu nezingxi) CAPS 59
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 3 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA (EZOMLOMO) IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: Imizuzu engama-45 ngeveki Elona lininzi: Iyure e-1 ngeveki UMXHOLO/INGQIQO/IZAKHONO Iiveki 1 - 5 Ootitshala bakhetha izihloko ezibini eziya kubavumela ukuba bazise yaye bamane besebenzisa isigama (recycle vocabulary), yaye benze le misebenzi idweliswe apha ngezantsi. Qaphela ukuba ezi zihloko zicetyiswayo ziingcebiso nje. Ootitshala mabazikhethele imixholo yabo efanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko nezixhobo ezikhoyo. Mabaqiniseke ukuba baneeNcwadi eziNkulu/iipowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto zenyani ezaneleyo zeso sihloko basikhethileyo. Ootitshala mabazame ukwenza yonke imisebenzi, ibe ngaphezu komsebenzi omnye ukuba kuyenzeka. Mabahlole abafundi besebenzisa imiSebenzi yokuqala yokuHlola okuseSikweni ecetyisiweyo yeeVeki 1-5. Iiveki 6 - 10 Ootitshala bakhetha izihloko ezitsha ezibini eziya kubenza bakwazi ukwakhela koko sele kwenziwe kwiiveki zokuqala ezintlanu. Ezi zihloko mazenze ukuba afake isigama esitsha yaye agxininise kweso sigama sele sifundisiwe. Ezi zihloko mazimvumele utitshala ukuba amane esebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula nezisisiseko xa ethetha nabafundi ngoLwimi oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. Ootitshala mabazame ukwenza yonke imisebenzi, ibe ngaphezu komsebenzi omnye ukuba kuyenzeka. Mabahlole abafundi besebenzisa imiSebenzi yokuqala yokuHlola okuseSikweni ecetyisiweyo yeeVeki 1-5. Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Le misebenzi iyahluka ngokobude. Utitshala usenokwenza umsebenzi omnye omdana kungenjalo imisebenzi emibini okanye emithathu emifutshanana ngeveki. • Uyaqhuba nokukhulisa isigama somlomo (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha) esebenzisa izihloko ezifana ‘nezemiDlalo’ • Ulandela imiyalelo emifutshane elandelelanayo, umzekelo, ‘Thatha itshokhwe ubhale igama lakho ebhodini. Ngoku ke thatha idasta wosule ibhodi.’ • Unika imiyalelo emifutshane, umzekelo, ‘Khaba ibhola’. • Uqonda aphendule imibuzo elula efana nothi, ‘Yeyiphi ...?’ ‘Yekabani ...?’ (Ngowuphi umdlalo owuthandayo? Yibhola ekhatywayo) • Wenza izicelo neentetho ezilula, umzekelo, ‘Ndicela ukuya kudlala phandle.’ • Uchonga into ngokulandela ingcaciso yomlomo elula, umzekelo, ‘Inkwenkwe ikhaba ibhola.’ Abafundi mabadibanise le ngcaciso nomfanekiso ochanekileyo.) • Uthetha ngezinto ezisemfanekisweni ngokomyalelo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Ubona ntoni emfanekisweni?’ ‘Ndixelele into oyibona emfanekisweni.’ • Uphulaphula ibalana elilula, umzekelo, utitshala ubalisa ngomdlalo webhola ekhatywayo • Ubalisa ibalana elilula, encediswa ngutitshala, umzekelo, ubalisa ngomdlalo webhola ekhatywayo abewubukele. • Ugcina engqondweni enze imibongo elula, izicengcelezo ezinentshukumo neengoma, umzekelo, Umzi watsha (x2), Khangela phaya (x2), Umlilo! (x2) Galel’ amanzi! (x2) • Udlala imidlalo yolwimi phandle, umzekelo, uNamhla [kungasetyenziswa nokuba liliphi igama] uthi: UNamhla uthi khawuleza. UNamhla uthi cotha. Khawuleza! UNamhla uthi jonga ngasekhohlo. Jonga ngasekunene, njalo njalo.’ Imisebenzi egxininise ekuphulaphuleni nasekuthetheni (ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15 ka-1 ngeveki, kodwa ingegqithi kwimizuzu eli-15 ka-2 ngeveki) Uphulaphula amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo (ukuFunda noTitshala) Kanye okanye kabini ngeveki, ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha elifumanekayo, utitshala ubalisa okanye ufunda ibali (okanye abalise ngezehlo ezehlileyo). Amabali abaliswayo angalinganiswa kusetyenziswa iintshukumo nezincedisi (props) ukuxhasa intsingiselo. Amabali afundwayo makathathwe eNcwadini eNkulu okanye ipowusta enemizobo apho bonke abafundi bayibonayo imifanekiso. 60 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 • Uphulaphula amabali amafutshane, amabalana abaliswayo okanye iitekisi eziyinyani ezibaliswayo okanye ezifundwa eNcwadini eNkulu okanye kwiphowusta enemizobo, (umz. Ibhola ekhatywayo), ewonwabela athathe inxaxheba kwiindawana eziphinda-phindwayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. • Uva imiyalelo ayenze, umzekelo, ‘Khawundibonise ibala lomdlalo. Ndibonise inqaku elifakiweyo. Ndibonise unozinti. Bala abadlali. Bangaphi?’ • Uphendula, ngeempendulo ezimfutshane, imibuzo elula ecacileyo malunga nebali, umzekelo ‘Lifakwe ngubani inqaku?’ • Unika amagama ezinto ezisemfanekisweni ephendula imibuzo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Yintoni le?’ ‘Linqaku elifakiweyo.’ • Ukuba libali, uyalidlala/uyalilinganisa esebenzisa incoko ethile • Ubalisa ngokutsha ibali okanye anike isishwakathelo esilula setekisi, encediswa ngutitshala Ukukhuliswa kwengqiqo, isigama nezakhiwo zolwimi Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kule misebenzi ingentla: • uyaqhuba nokwakha isigama somlomo, kuquka isigama esibonisa ingqiqo, umzekelo, ukuthetha ngeemvakalelo • uqala ukwakha ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula ezisemxholweni wolwimi oluthethwayo olunentsingiselo, umzekelo, imo ende yexesha langoku: ‘Uyayikhaba ibhola’; uluhlu lolubanzana lwezihlomelo: ‘ngokukhawuleza,’ ‘ngokucotha’ UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni: UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) Iiveki 1 - 5 • Uphendula imibuzo elula ecacileyo malunga nebali /itekisi • Ubalisa ngokutsha ibali/ ushwankathela itekisi ngomlomo (ngezivakalisi ezithathu okanye ezine) Iiveki 6 - 10 • Uphendula imibuzo elula, umzekelo, ‘Nguwuphi owona mdlalo uwuthandayo?’ • Uchonga imifanekiso emi-3 esebenzisa iingcaciso ezilula zomlomo, umzekeko, Indoda idlala ibhola ekhatywayo/ Indoda idlala intenetya/ Indoda idlala iqakamba UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 3 UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Uphulaphula abalise amabalana alula aze aphendule imibuzo emalunga nawo, umzekelo ‘Liliphi iqela elifake inqaku lokuqala? Liliphi iqela elifake inqaku lesibini? Liliphi iqela elifake inqaku lesithathu? Liliphi iqela eliphumeleleyo?’ • Ubonakalisa ukuqonda isigama somlomo esisisiseko ngokukhomba izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni okanye enze iintshukumo utitshala amyalele ukuba azenze, umzekelo, ‘Khawundibonise irakethi lentenetya/ iphini leqakamba/ ibhola ekhatywayo, njalo njalo.’ UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 4 UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Ubalisa ibalana elilula, umzekelo, ingxelo yokwenzeke emdlalweni webhola ekhatywayo • Ubonakalisa ukuqonda isigama somlomo esisisiseko ngokukhomba izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni okanye enze iintshukumo utitshala amyalele ukuba azenze, umzekelo, ‘Khawundibonise ukhapteni weqela.’ ‘Ndibonise unozinti.’ CAPS 61
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 3 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: Imizuzu engama-45 ngeveki Elona lininzi: Iyure enemizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/INGQIQO/IZAKHONO Ulwazi lwezandi namagama (imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Ootitshala baqhuba nokwakha amagama alula, aqhelekileyo. Bafaka oonombini abathile abaqhelekileyo, baqale ekuqaleni kwamagama baphinde babe sekupheleni kwamagama. Kufuneka bazame ukusebenzisa amagama asele esaziwa ngabafundi aze asetyenziswe kwizivakalisi ezilula. Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane (imizuzu emi-5 - 10) yaye yahlula- hlulelwe iveki. Isenokudityaniswa kwimisebenzi yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha, neyokuFunda. • Wakha acazulule amagama alula aqala ngeqabane elinye ngokwesiqalo selungu (onset) nokulandelayo kwelungu (rime) (umz. f-a(ka), s-i(ka), s-e(la)) • Ubeka amagama afanayo ngokwamaqela amagama (umz. yam, zam, bam) • Uqaphela ukuphela ngokufanayo kwamagama (umz. ‘am’, ‘eni’ - ‘kwam’, ‘esikolweni’) • Uqaphela oonombini bamaqabane abafana ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kwamagama njengo’th’ (thabatha) • Ukuhlaziya izandi zoononye noonombini abafundwe kwikota 1 • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu) umz. ngc ndl ntl ingca indlala intlanzi ingcongconi indlela intlaka ukungcola indlebe intloko indlovu indlu indlulamthi ingxolo, intsimbi, tshayela tshisa, ingqaka, ingqele, ingqondo, ingqolowa njalo-njalo Qala ngamagama aqhelekileyo. Upelo nobizelo luyinxalenye yoku. • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amane ( oonone) umz. ngcw ingcwaba ingcwele • Wakha acazulule amagama anoonobumba aba-3 esebenzisa izandi azifundileyo. (umz. m-n-a, m-na, mna; e-w-e, e-we, ewe) • Uqaphela ukuphela ngokufanayo kwamagama (umz. ‘am’ - ‘kwam’, ‘eni’-’esikolweni’) • Ubeka amagama afanayo ngokwamaqela amagama (umz. yam, zam, bam) UkuFunda noTitshala (ixesha lako libekwe phantsi kokuPhulaphula nokuThetha) UkuFunda noTitshala ngumsebenzi wokufunda nokuphulaphula; kukwaquka ukuthetha kuba abafundi bathetha ngetekisi notitshala wabo. KwiBanga lesi-2, ukuFunda noTitshala kuya kuqhuba, kodwa sele kuyinxalenye yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha. UkuFunda kwamaQela okuKhokelwayo (ubuncinane bemizuzu engama-30 nelona lininzi leyure nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) 62 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Ootitshala abasebenzisa elona lininzi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo mabohlule iklasi ibe ngamaqela okufunda ama-5 ohlulwe ngokokulingana kokukwazi ukufunda baze basebenze neqela ngalinye imizuzu eli-15. Ngoku utitshala asasebenza neli qela amanye amaqela aya kufundisana eqeleni okanye abafundi bafundelane ngezibini, besebenzisa iitekisi abaziqhelileyo okanye imisebenzi enxulumene netekisi. Ezi ncwadi mazibe lula kakhulu zinokuphinda-phindwa kwezakhiwo nesigama kunye nemifanekiso exhasa itekisi. Ootitshala abasebenzisa elona lincinane kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, apho banemizuzu engama-30 kuphela, mabenze umsebenzi wokufunda okukhokelwayo kweklasi kabini ngeveki. • Ufundela ngaphandle (ngokukhwazayo) encwadini yakhe ekufundeni kweqela okukhokelwayo efunda notitshala. Le nto ithetha ukuba iqela lonke lifunda ibali elifanayo okanye itekisi eyinyani, lifunda kunye notitshala • Usebenzisa iindlela zokufunda ezifundiswe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya esenzela ukuqonda itekisi nokuzihlola xa efunda (izandi, izikhokelo zeemeko, uhlalutyo lwesakhiwo, amagama abonwa rhoqo) • Ufunda ngokuqhabalaka okwandayo • Ubonisa ukuqonda uphawulo lwentetho (punctuation) xa efundela ngaphandle • Uqalisa ukuzakhela uluhlu lwamagama abonwa rhoqo ewathatha ekufundeni okukhokelwayo, ukufunda notitshala nokuzifundela yedwa Ukuzifundela (ngexesha abangenzi nto ngalo abafundi esikolweni okanye ekhaya) Abafundi mabakhuthazelwe ukuba bazifundele ngoLwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala xa benexesha abangenzi nto ngalo eklasini (umz. xa beqale bagqiba ukwenza umsebenzi) nasekhaya (umz. umsebenzi wasekhaya). Kubalulekile ukuba onke amathuba afumanekayo eklasini asetyenziselwe ukuphuhlisa ukufunda kwabo. • Ufunda into ayibhalileyo nebhalwe ngabanye • Uzifundela ngoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo iincwadi engancediswa ngethuba lokuFunda okuKhokelwayo afunde neencwadi ezilula ezicacisa imifanekiso (caption books) neencwadi zamabali abaliswa ngemifanekiso (picture story books) afumaneka kwikona yokufunda yaseklasini • Usebenzisa izichazi-magama zabafundi ezinemifanekiso (zolwimi olunye nezimbini) ukukhangela intsingiselo yamagama angawaziyo UKUHLOLA UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 3 Izandi: (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Wakha acazulule amagama alula aqala ngeqabane elinye ngokwesiqalo selungu (onset) nokulandelayo kwelungu (rime) (umz. f-a(ka), s-i(ka), s-e(la)) • Ubeka amagama afanayo ngokwamaqela amagama (umz. yam, zam, bam) • Uqaphela ukuphela ngokufanayo kwamagama (umz. ‘am’, ‘eni’ - ‘kwam’, ‘esikolweni’) • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu) noonone UkuFunda (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Ufundela ngaphandle (ngokukhwazayo) encwadini yakhe ekufundeni kweqela okukhokelwayo efunda notitshala. Lonke iqela lifunda incwadi efanayo • Ubonakalisa ukuqonda ibali elifutshane elibhaliweyo, umzekelo, udibanisa ingcaciso yomfanekiso/isivakalisi esicacisa umfanekiso esidibanisa nomfanekiso) UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 4 Izandi: (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Uqaphela oonombini bamaqabane abafana ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kwamagama njengo’th’ (thabatha) • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu) noonone UkuFunda (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Ufunda notitshala itekisi ebhaliweyo emfutshane aze aphendule imibuzo emifutshane yomlomo malunga nelo bali CAPS 63
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 3 UKUBHALA IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/INGQIQO/IZAKHONO Imisebenzi yokuBhala (ka-2 okanye ka-3 ngeveki) Ootitshala mabazame ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi kangangoko ngexesha elikhoyo. • Usebenzisa izakhono zokubhala ngesandla esele zifundiwe • Ubhala ingcaciso yomfanekiso • Ugqibezela izivakalisi ngokufakela amagama ashiyelelweyo. • Ubhala izivakalisi esebenzisa amagama anezandi namagama abonwayo aqhelekileyo asele efundiwe • Ubhala izivakalisi esebenzisa isakhelo (frame) (umz. Ndithanda _____. Andithandi ____________. • Ubhala amagama nezivakalisi eziqhelekileyo kwezo azibizelwayo (dictation) • Ubhala iitekisi ezimfutshane ezilula asele ezifundile, umz. umyalezo wekhadi lokunqwenelela ukuphila • Usebenzisa izibizo nezimelabizo (mna, wena, yena, yona) ekubhaleni • Upela amagama ngokuchanekileyo engawajonganga, umzekelo, ewe, hamba, nika, okanye esebenzisa ulwazi lwamaga, umzekelo, umama, utata, usisi • Usebenzisa isichazi-magama sabafundi xa kuyimfuneko • Usebenzisa uphawulo-ntetho asele elufundisiwe (oonobumba abakhulu nezingxi) • Uzakhela ibhanki yesigama nesichazi-magama sakhe UKUHLOLA UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 3 Ukubhala: (okubhaliweyo) • Ubhala ingcaciso yomfanekiso, umzekelo, Inkomo itya ingca. • Ubhala izivakalisi esebenzisa isakhelo, umz. Ndithanda _____. Andithandi ____________. UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 4 Ukubhala: (okubhaliweyo) • Ubhala isivakalisi asibizelwayo; aphawule isivakalisi • Ubhala azobe ikhadi lokunqwenelela ukuphila 64 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 4 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA (EZOMLOMO) IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: Imizuzu engama-45 ngeveki Elona lininzi: Iyure e-1 ngeveki UMXHOLO/INGQIQO/IZAKHONO Iiveki 1 - 5 Ootitshala bakhetha izihloko ezibini eziya kubavumela ukuba bazise yaye bamane besebenzisa isigama (recycle vocabulary), yaye benze le misebenzi idweliswe apha ngezantsi. Qaphela ukuba ezi zihloko zicetyiswayo ziingcebiso nje. Ootitshala mabazikhethele imixholo yabo efanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko nezixhobo ezikhoyo. Mabaqiniseke ukuba baneeNcwadi eziNkulu/iipowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto zenyani ezaneleyo zeso sihloko basikhethileyo. Mabazame ukwenza yonke imisebenzi, ibe ngaphezu komsebenzi omnye ukuba kuyenzeka. Kufuneka utitshala ahlole abafundi esebenzisa imiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni ecetyisiweyo yeeVeki 1-5. Iiveki 6 - 10 Ootitshala bakhetha izihloko ezitsha ezibini eziya kubenza bakwazi ukwakhela koko sele kwenziwe kwiiveki zokuqala ezintlanu. Ezi zihloko mazenze ukuba afake isigama esitsha yaye agxininise kweso sigama sele sifundisiwe. Ezi zihloko mazimvumele utitshala ukuba amane esebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula nezisisiseko xa ethetha nabafundi ngoLwimi oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala. Ootitshala mabazame ukwenza yonke imisebenzi, ibe ngaphezu komsebenzi omnye ukuba kuyenzeka. Mabahlole abafundi besebenzisa imiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni ecetyisiweyo yeeVeki 6-10. Ootitshala mabenzise imiSebenzi yokuHlola okuseSikweni ekupheleni kwekota. Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Le misebenzi iyahluka ngokobude. Utitshala usenokwenza umsebenzi omnye omdana kungenjalo imisebenzi emibini okanye emithathu emifutshanana ngeveki. • Uyaqhuba nokukhulisa isigama somlomo (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha) esebenzisa izihloko ezifana ‘namaXesha onyaka’ • Ulandela imiyalelo emifutshane elandelelanayo, umzekelo, ‘Yiza uhlale apha ngaphambili eklasini. • Unika imiyalelo emifutshane, umzekelo, ‘Qhwaba izandla.’ • Uqonda aphendule imibuzo elula efana nothi, ‘Yeyiphi ...?’ ‘Yekabani ...?’ (Leliphi ixesha lonyaka olithanda kakhulu? Lihlobo.) • Wenza izicelo neentetho ezilula, umzekelo, ‘Ndicela ukupakisha iincwadi zam.’ • Uchonga into ngokulandela ingcaciso yomlomo elula, umzekelo, ‘Kusehlotyeni, Ilanga liyatshisa. Iintyatyambo ziyadubula. Abafundi banxibe izikhindi (iibhulukhwe ezimfutshane) nezihlangu ezivulekileyo.’ Abafundi mabadibanise le ngcaciso nomfanekiso ochanekileyo. • Uthetha ngezinto ezisemfanekisweni ngokomyalelo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Ubona ntoni emfanekisweni?’ ‘Ndixelele into oyibona emfanekisweni.’) • Uphulaphula ibalana elilula, umzekelo, utitshala ubalisa ngezinto azenzileyo xa ebeye kuthenga edolophini • Ubalisa ibalana elilula, encediswa ngutitshala, umzekelo, abafundi baxelela utitshala malunga nezinto abazenzileyo • Ugcina engqondweni enze imibongo elula, izicengcelezo ezinentshukumo neengoma, umzekelo, Langa, langa yiza ngapha, Thunzi, thunzi bhek’ eBhayi! • Udlala imidlalo yolwimi, umzekelo, Iliso lam libona into eqala ngo …... Imisebenzi egxininise ekuphulaphuleni nasekuthetheni (ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15 ka-1 ngeveki, kodwa ingegqithi kwimizuzu eli-15 ka-2 ngeveki) Uphulaphula amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo (ukuFunda noTitshala) CAPS 65
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Kanye okanye kabini ngeveki, ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha elifumanekayo, utitshala ubalisa okanye ufunda ibali (okanye abalise ngezehlo ezehlileyo). Amabali abaliswayo angalinganiswa kusetyenziswa iintshukumo nezincedisi (props) ukuxhasa intsingiselo. Amabali afundwayo makathathwe eNcwadini eNkulu okanye ipowusta enemizobo apho bonke abafundi bayibonayo imifanekiso. • Uphulaphula amabali amafutshane, amabalana abaliswayo okanye iitekisi eziyinyani ezibaliswayo okanye ezifundwa eNcwadini eNkulu okanye kwipowusta enemizobo, umzekelo, UNomehlomancinane, [Sebenzisa ibali elinento yokwenza namaxesha onyaka, ngakumbi ubusika.] ewonwabela athathe inxaxheba kwiindawana eziphinda-phindwayo ngamaxesha afanelekileyo. • Uva imiyalelo ayenze, umzekelo, ‘Khawundibonise imithi. Ngaba inamawo amagqabi? Leliphi ixesha lonyaka eli?’ • Uphendula, ngeempendulo ezimfutshane, imibuzo elula ecacileyo malunga nebali, umzekelo ‘Kwenzeka ntoni emithini ebusika?’ • Unika amagama ezinto ezisemfanekisweni ephendula imibuzo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Yintoni le?’ ‘Likhephu.’ • Ukuba libali, uyalidlala/uyalilinganisa esebenzisa incoko ethile • Ubalisa ngokutsha ibali okanye anike isishwakathelo esilula setekisi, encediswa ngutitshala Ukukhuliswa kwengqiqo, isigama nezakhiwo zolwimi Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kule misebenzi ingentla: • uyaqhuba nokwakha isigama somlomo, kuquka isigama esibonisa ingqiqo, umzekelo, utshintsho/imijikelo - amaxesha onyaka • uqala ukwakha ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula ezisemxholweni wolwimi oluthethwayo olunentsingiselo, umzekelo, uyaqonda aqale ukusebenzisa intsiza-senzi: Kuyatshisa’; uluhlu olubanzana lwezibaluli: ebandayo, eyomileyo, nezihlomelo: ngokuthambileyo, kuqinile UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni: UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) Iiveki 1 - 5 • Uphendula imibuzo elula ecacileyo malunga nebali/itekisi • Ubalisa ngokutsha ibali/ ushwankathela itekisi ngomlomo (ngezivakalisi ezithathu okanye ezine) Iiveki 6 - 10 • Uphendula imibuzo elula, umzekelo, ‘Liliphi elona xesha lonyaka ulithanda kakhulu?’ • Uchonga into ngokulandela ingcaciso yomlomo elula, umzekelo, ‘Kusehlotyeni, Ilanga liyatshisa. /Kusebusika. Imithi ayinamagqabi. /Kusentwasahlobo. Intaka yakha indlwana yayo.’ UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 5 UkuPhulaphula nokuThetha (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Uphulaphula amabalana alula, umzekelo, Iiholide zam zehlobo, aze aphendule imibuzo emalunga nalo, umzekelo, Ubeye phi uThandi ngeeholide zakhe zehlobo? Ufike wenza ntoni akufika apho? Waza wenza ntoni emva koko?, njalo njalo.’ • Unika ibalana elilula elinezivakalisi ezi-3 okanye ezi-4, esebenzisa isakhelo (frame) • Ubonakalisa ukuqonda isigama somlomo esisisiseko ngokukhomba izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni okanye enze iintshukumo utitshala amyalele ukuba azenze, umzekelo, ‘Khawundibonise irakethi lentenetya/ iphini leqakamba/ ibhola ekhatywayo, njalo njalo.’ • Uqonda amagama amalunga mama-500 ukuba kusetyenziswa elona lincinane ukufundisa ulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, aze aye kutsho kwi-1,000 ukuba kusetyenziswa elona lininzi ukufundisa ulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo (sebenzisa uluhlu lwamagama olukwiCandelo lesi-3 njengesikhokelo) 66 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 4 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona lincinane: Imizuzu engama-45 ngeveki Elona lininzi: Iyure e-1 ngeveki UMXHOLO/INGQIQO/IZAKHONO Ulwazi lwezandi namagama (imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Ootitshala bazisa izandi ezenziwa ngokudibanisa amaqabane ohlukeneyo (consonant blends) noonombini bezikhamiso, besebenzisa amagama asele esaziwa ngabafundi okanye amagama asetyenziswa kakhulu. Xa besazisa amagama amatsha kufuneka baqiniseke ukuba abafundi bayayiqonda intsingiselo yaye bawasebenzise kwizivakalisi. Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane (imizuzu emi-5 - 10) yaye yahlula-hlulelwe iveki. Isenokudityaniswa kwimisebenzi yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha, neyokuFunda. • Ubeka amagama aqhelekileyo ngokwamaqela amagama (umzekelo, ilitha, ukutha, isitya, ukutya, sela, xela) • Wakha acazulule amagama alula aqhelekileyo aqala ngokudityansiwa kwezandi ezenziwa ngokudibanisa amaqabane ohlukeneyo (consonant blends) (umz. hl-ala, dl-ala, bh-ala) • Uqaphela oonombini bezikhamiso nezikhuzo (umz. ‘oo’ - ooSipho, ‘ii’ - iibhasi, ‘Aa!’ Mhlekazi!) • Wahlula phakathi kwezandi ezidla ngokubhidaniswa ngokuziva ngokuziphula-phula (umz. ‘hl’ no’dl’ - ‘hlala’, ‘dlala’) • Ukuhlaziya izandi zoononye noonombini abafundiweyo • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu) umz. ngc ndl ntl ingca indlala intlanzi ingcongconi indlela intlaka ukungcola indlebe intloko indlovu indlu indlulamthi ingxolo, intsimbi, tshayela tshisa, ingqaka, ingqele, ingqondo, ingqolowa njalo-njalo Qala ngamagama aqhelekileyo. Upelo nobizelo luyinxalenye yoku. • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amane ( oonone) umz. ngcw ingcwaba ingcwele • Wakha acazulule amagama anoonobumba aba-3 esebenzisa izandi azifundileyo. (umz. m-n-a, m-na, mna; e-w-e, e-we, ewe) • Uqaphela ukuphela ngokufanayo kwamagama (umz. ‘am’ - ‘kwam’, ‘eni’-’esikolweni’) • Ubeka amagama afanayo ngokwamaqela amagama (umz. yam, zam, bam) UkuFunda noTitshala (ixesha lako libekwe phantsi kokuPhulaphula nokuThetha) UkuFunda noTitshala ngumsebenzi wokufunda nokuphulaphula; kukwaquka ukuthetha kuba abafundi bathetha ngetekisi notitshala wabo. KwiBanga lesi-2, ukuFunda noTitshala kuya kuqhuba, kodwa sele kuyinxalenye yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha. UkuFunda kwamaQela okuKhokelwayo (ubuncinane bemizuzu engama-30 nelona lininzi leyure nemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) CAPS 67
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Ootitshala abasebenzisa elona lininzi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo mabohlule iklasi ibe ngamaqela okufunda ama-5 ohlulwe ngokokulingana kokukwazi ukufunda baze basebenze neqela ngalinye imizuzu eli-15. Ngoku utitshala asasebenza neli qela amanye amaqela aya kufundisana eqeleni okanye abafundi bafundelane ngezibini, besebenzisa iitekisi abaziqhelileyo okanye imisebenzi enxulumene netekisi. Ezi ncwadi mazibe lula kakhulu zinokuphinda-phindwa kwezakhiwo nesigama kunye nemifanekiso exhasa itekisi. Ootitshala abasebenzisa elona lincinane kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, apho banemizuzu engama-30 kuphela, mabenze umsebenzi wokufunda okukhokelwayo kweklasi kabini ngeveki. • Ufundela ngaphandle (ngokukhwazayo) encwadini yakhe ekufundeni kweqela okukhokelwayo efunda notitshala. Le nto ithetha ukuba iqela lonke lifunda ibali elifanayo okanye itekisi eyinyani, lifunda kunye notitshala • Usebenzisa iindlela zokufunda ezifundiswe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya esenzela ukuqonda itekisi nokuzihlola xa efunda (izandi, izikhokelo zeemeko, uhlalutyo lwesakhiwo, amagama abonwa rhoqo) • Ufunda ngokuqhabalaka okwandayo • Ubonisa ukuqonda uphawulo lwentetho (punctuation) xa efundela ngaphandle • Uqalisa ukuzakhela uluhlu lwamagama abonwa rhoqo ewathatha ekufundeni okukhokelwayo, ukufunda notitshala nokuzifundela yedwa Ukuzifundela (ngexesha abangenzi nto ngalo abafundi esikolweni okanye ekhaya) Abafundi mabakhuthazelwe ukuba bazifundele ngoLwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala xa benexesha abangenzi nto ngalo eklasini xa beqale bagqiba ukwenza umsebenzi nasekhaya njengomsebenzi wasekhaya. Kubalulekile ukuba onke amathuba afumanekayo eklasini asetyenziselwe ukuphuhlisa ukufunda kwabo. • Ufunda into ayibhalileyo nebhalwe ngabanye • Uzifundela ngoLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo iincwadi engancediswa ngethuba lokuFunda okuKhokelwayo afunde neencwadi ezilula ezicacisa imifanekiso (caption books) neencwadi zamabali abaliswa ngemifanekiso (picture story books) afumaneka kwikona yokufunda yaseklasini • Usebenzisa izichazi-magama zabafundi ezinemifanekiso (zolwimi olunye nezimbini) ukukhangela intsingiselo yamagama angawaziyo UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okuseSikweni: Izandi: (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Ubeka amagama aqhelekileyo ngokwamaqela amagama (umzekelo, ilitha, ukutha, isitya, ukutya, sela, xela) • Wakha acazulule amagama alula aqhelekileyo aqala ngokudityansiwa kwezandi ezenziwa ngokudibanisa amaqabane ohlukeneyo (umz. hl-ala, dl-ala, bh-ala) • Uqaphela oonombini bezikhamiso (umz. ‘oo’ - ooSipho, ‘ii’ - iibhasi, ‘Aa!’ Mhlekazi!) Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho sesikweni: Ukufunda: (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Ubalisa ngokutsha inxalenye yebali encediswa ngutitshala (izivakalis ezi-2 - 3) UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 5 UkuFunda (okuthethwayo kunye/okanye okwenziwayo) • Uqonda itekisi ebhaliweyo enemifanekiso, umz. ngokulandelelanisa imifanekiso okanye ukudibanisa ingcaciso yomfanekiso nomfanekiso • Ufunda itekisi emfutshane ebhaliweyo eqwetyiweyo neyinyani (iNcwadi eNkulu okanye enye itekisi eyandisiweyo) ekunye notitshala, esebenzisa imizobo ukukhulisa isigama, isihloko esenzela ukuqikelela nokuphendula imibuzo yomlomo emifutshane emalunga netekisi. • Ufundela ngaphandle (ngokukhwazayo) encwadini yakhe ekufundeni kweqela okukhokelwayo efunda notitshala. Lonke iqela lifunda incwadi efanayo • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu) noonone 68 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 4 UKUBHALA IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/INGQIQO/IZAKHONO Imisebenzi yokuBhala (ka-2 okanye ka-3 ngeveki) Ootitshala mabazame ukwenza imisebenzi emininzi kangangoko ngexesha elikhoyo. • Usebenzisa izakhono zokubhala ngesandla esele zifundiwe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya • Ubhala izivakalisi esebenzisa amagama anezandi namagama abonwayo aqhelekileyo (common sight words) asele efundiwe • Ubhala amagama nezivakalisi eziqhelekileyo kwezo azibizelwayo (dictation) • Ulandelelanisa kakuhle izivakalisi ezibhidanisiweyo (jumbled sentences) esenzela ukwenza umhlathi aze awukhuphele • Ubhala umhlathi owenziwa bubuncinane bezivakalisi ezi-3 ngesihloko asaziyo • Usebenzisa izakhono azifundiswe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya ukulandelelanisa iinkcukacha ngendlela elula (umz. itshathi okanye ukulandelelana kweziganeko ngokwamaxesha (time line) • Usebenzisa izibizo nezimelabizo (Mna, wena, yena, yona, njl.) ekubhaleni • Usebenzisa imo emfutshane, imo ende yexesha langoku nexesha elidlulileyo xa ebhala • Usebenzisa isininzi samagama aqhelekileyo xa ebhala • Upela amagama ngokuchanekileyo engawajonganga, umzekelo, ewe, hamba, nika, okanye esebenzisa ulwazi lwamaga, umzekelo, umama, utata, usisi • Usebenzisa isichazi-magama sabafundi xa kuyimfuneko • Usebenzisa uphawulo-ntetho (punctuation) asele elufundisiwe kuLwimi / lwaseKhaya (oonobumba abakhulu nezingxi) • Uzakhela ibhanki yesigama nesichazi-magama sakhe UKUHLOLA UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: Ukubhala: (okubhaliweyo) • Ubhala izivakalisi ezihlanu azibizelwayo esebenzisa uphawulo-ntetho (punctuates) olufanelekileyo. • Ulandelelanisa kakuhle izivakalisi ezibhidanisiweyo (jumbled sentences) esenzela ukwenza umhlathi aze awukhuphele UMsebenzi oCetyiswayo wokuHlola okuseSikweni: 5 Ukubhala: (okubhaliweyo) • Ubhala umhlathi owenziwa bubuncinane bezivakalisi ezithathu ngesihloko asaziyo • Ulungelelanisa iinkcukacha kwindlela elula yokuzoba, umzekelo, itshathi okanye ukulandelelana kweziganeko ngokwamaxesha (time line) CAPS 69
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IITEKISI EZINOKUSETYENZISWA / OOVIMBA BOLWAZI: UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA • Imifanekiso neepowusta • Izinto ezinxulumene nezihloko nemixholo ethile, iiphaphethi, iimaskhi, njalo njalo • Imifanekiso eza kulandelelaniswa (pictures to sequence) • Iikhostyum ezenziweyo ukulungiselela ukulinganisa (role play) nokwenza (acting out) amabali • IiCD okanye iiteyiphu ezimanyelwayo ezinamabali (afundwayo okanye abaliswayo), imibongo, izicengcelezo neengoma, isidlali seeCD okanye isishicileli seteyiphu (tape recorder) umabonwakude neeteyiphu zevidiyo/iiDVD • Iincwadi zamabali namabali abaliswa ngomlomo • Imibongo, iingoma nezicengcelezo • Imidlalo yolwimi (eyenziwa ngomlomo) UKUFUNDA NEZANDI • Imifanekiso neepowusta • IiNcwadi eziNkulu - zamabali aqwetyiweyo nayinyani • Uluhlu lweencwadi ekucetyiswa ukuba zifundwe (amabali asi-7 -10) • Ezinye iitekisi ezandisiweyo (imibongo, iingoma, izicengcelezo, njalo njalo) • Iincwadi ezinemifanekiso eneengcaciso ezibhalwe phantsi kwazo (caption books) • Iincwadi ‘zokuzonwabisa’ ezimfutshane ezinesivakalisi esi-1 - 2 kwiphepha ngalinye, ezilungiselelwe ikona yokufundela • Oonotsheluza (flash card labels) bezinto eziseklasini, izinto ezibonisiweyo namagama abonwa rhoqo • Iitshathi zealfabhethi • Izinto zokukhomba eziza kusetyenziswa xa kufundwa iitekisi ezandisiweyo, amabali odonga (aseludongeni), izinto ezibonisiweyo • Izichazi-magama zabafundi (ezinolwimi olunye nezineelwimi ezimbini) UKUBHALA NOKUBHALA NGESANDLA • Izixhobo zokubhala ezifana neepensile, iipensile ezinemibala, iikhrayoni ezibukhandlelarha (wax crayons), iphepha elingabhalwanga elibubukhulu ngobukhulu (A3, A4, A5), irula, irabha, iincwadi zokubhalela ezingabhalwanga (blank jotters) • Iifliphutshathi neeKhokhi ezibhala ngqindilili 70 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IBANGA 3 ULWIMI LOKUQALA OloNgezelelweyo ISIXHOSA IIMFUNO ZEKOTA NGANYE IKOTA 1 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA (EZOMLOMO) IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDISA Iyure e-1 ngeveki UMXHOLO/IINGQIQO/IZAKHONO Iiveki ukususela kweyoku-1 ukuya kweye-5 Ootitshala bakhetha imixholo ibe mibini eya kubavumela ukuba baqalise ukufundisa baphinda-phinde isigama, baze baquke nemisebenzi edweliswe ngezantsi apha. Phawula ukuba imixholo okanye izihloko ozinikiweyo ziingcebiso nje kuphela. Ootitshala mabazikhethele imixholo efanele bona ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko abakuzo nezixhobo abanazo. Kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba banazo izinto ezifunekayo ezinjengeeNcwadi eziNkulu neephowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto ezingoondoqo kumxholo abawukhethileyo. Kufuneka bazame kangangoko banakho ukuquka imisebenzi emininzi abanokuyenza ngexesha abalifumanayo. Utitshala makahlole abafundi esebenzisa imiSebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni, ecetyiswe ukuba yenziwe kwiveki yoku- 1 ukuya kweyesi-5. Iiveki: ukusuka kweyesi-6 ukuya kweye-10 Ootitshala bakhetha imixholo emitsha emibini eya kubavumela bakhele phezu koko bebekwenze kwiiveki ezintlanu zokuqala. Imixholo mayivumele utitshala ukuba ahlaziye, avuselele izakhiwo zolwimi nesigama esilula nesisiseko, njengokuba esabelana ngolwazi nabafundi besebenzisa uLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo . Ootitshala mabaqinisekise ukuba bafikelela kuyo yonke imisebenzi, nangaphezu kwexesha elinye ukuba kuyavumeleka. Bamelwe kukuba bahlole abafundi besebenzisa imiSebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni ecetyiswa ukuba yenziwe kwiveki yesi-6 ukuya kweye-10. Ootitshala mabaqalise ngomSebenzi wokuHlola oseSikweni ekupheleni kwekota. Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Imisebenzi yahlukile ngobude. Utitshala angenza umsebenzi omnye omdana, okanye ibe mibini noba mithathu emifutshane ngeveki. • Aqhube aphuhlise isigama somlomo (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha) esebenzisa imixholo okanye izihloko, njenge- ‘Izilwanyana Zasekhaya’. • Alandele imiyalelo, umzekelo, ‘Khuphani iincwadi zenu zomsebenzi’, ‘Bhalani umhla kwikona ephezulu ngasekunene’. • Anike imiyalelo elula, umzekelo, ‘Bamba isandla sam’. • Aqonde, akwazi ukuphendula imibuzo elula njengaxa kubuzwa, ‘Nini....?’ ‘Njani...? ‘Phi...? umzekelo, ‘Wayibona phi izebra?’ ‘Wayibona phi?’ ‘Ehlathini, ‘Kulo nyaka uphelileyo.’ • Abuze ecela ingcaciso, umzekelo, ‘Andiqondi kakuhle. Ndicela uphinde kwakhona’. • Aphendule, enze izicelo, umzekelo, ‘Ndingasisebenzisa isichazi-magama?’ • Athathe inxaxheba kwincoko emfutshane kwisihloko esiqhelekileyo, umzekelo, ‘Imozulu’, ‘Usapho lwam’. • Achonge izinto ezilula ephulaphule inkcazelo yomlomo, umzekelo, ‘Ndisisilwanyana esikhulu, Ndingwevu. Ndinesikhumba esirhabaxa. Ndinamabamba abukhali.nomboko omde. Ndingubani?’ (ooqashi-qashi) • Athethe ngezinto ezisemfanekisweni okanye ifoto elandela imiyalelo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Ungabona ntoni efotweni?’ ‘Ndixelele into oyibonayo efotweni’. • Aphulaphule amabali alula, umzekelo, utitshala ebalisa ngotyelelo kumzi ogcina izilwanyana. • Ngoncedo lukatitshala, ubalisa ibali elilula, umzekelo, umfundi ubalisela utitshala ngento athe wayenza. • Aqonde akwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi kwii meko ezifaneleyo, umzekelo, ixesha elaldulayo, ‘Ndabona indlulamthi’. • Afunde ngengqondo enze imidlalo yemibongo, izicengcelezo neengoma, umzekelo, ‘Izilwanyana zihamba ngambini’. • Adlale imidlalo ngoLwimi, umzekelo, ‘Qashi, qashi, ndingubani?’ CAPS 71
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Imisebenzi yokuphulaphula nokuthetha egxininiswayo (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Aphulaphule amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo (Ukufunda notitshala) Utitshala ubalisa okanye afunde ibali kabini ngeveki (okanye ibali elibalisiweyo). Amabali abaliswayo anokudlalwa kusetyenziswa izijekulo nezixhobo ezincedisa ekwenzeni umdlalo, ukuxhasa nokuphuhlisa intsingiselo. Amabali afundwayo mawathathelwe kwiNcwadi eNkulu okanye iphowusta enomfanekiso apho bonke abafundi banokuyibona imifanekiso. • Aphulaphule amabali amafutshane, amabali abalisiweyo okanye iitekisi eziyinyani, umzekelo, amabali angenkcukacha ethile, imiyalelo, iingxelo ezingolwazi, ezibaliswa okanye zifundwa kwiNcwadi eNkulu okanye iphowusta enemifanekiso, bezonwabisa. • Aphulaphule amabali, umzekelo, ‘Yayifumana njani indlulamthi intamo ende’, kunye namabali abaliswa ngabo ngokwabo nokuphendula imibuzo yengqiqo njengokuba, ‘Yayi fumana njani indlulamthi intamo ende?’ • Aqikelele into elandelayo eya kwenzeka ebalini, okanye amabali abantu, ‘Yintoni ocinga ukuba iza kwenzeka kwindlulamthi ngoku?’ • Achaze iimvakalelo zakhe ngebali, umzekelo, ‘Ulithandile na ibali? Yintoni ebangela ukuba ulithande? Yintoni ebangela ukuba ungalithandi?’ • Abalise ibali eliphinda • Aphulaphule itekisi eyinyani njengebali elingenkcukacha ethile okanye ingxelo engolwazi ngeendlovu, neempendulo kwimibuzo engengqiqo, umzekelo, ‘Itya ntoni indlovu? Iwusebenzisa entwenini umboko ? • Ngoncedo lukatitshala, unika isishwankathelo esilula setekisi eyinyani. Ukuphuhliswa kwemixholo, isigama nezakhiwo zolwimi Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kule misebenzi ingentla: • Aqhube esakha isigama somlomo, kuqukwa isigama sengqiqo, umzekelo, izilwanyana; ubuqu, iindawo ezihlala kuzo, njalo. • Aqalise ukuphuhlisa ukuqonda nokwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula kwiimeko zokuvelisa intsingiselo ngolwimi oluthethwayo, umzekelo, izibizo ezibhekisa kwizinto ezibalwayo nezo zibhekisa kwezingabalwayo njengezi: ‘iindlovu’, ‘amanzi’; ixesha langoku, ‘Nditya isonka’, ixesha eladlulayo, ‘Ndabona indlovu’. UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha: (ezomlomo kunye/okanye ezenziwayo) Iiveki: ukusuka kweyoku-1 ukuya kweyesi-5 • Aqonde aphendule imibuzo elula njengemibuzo, ehamba ngolu hlobo: Nini...? Njani...? Kutheni...? • Achonge into ngokuphulaphula inkcazo yomlomo elula nengantsokothanga, umzekelo, ‘Ndisisilwanyana esikhulu kakhulu. Ndinentamo ende. Ndingafikelela nditye awona aphezulu emthini amagqabi. Ndingubani?’(qashi-qashi) Iiveki: ukusuka kweyesi-6 ukuya kweye-10 • Abalise ibali ngomlomo eliphinda • Athathe inxaxheba engxoxweni engesihloko esiqhelekileyo UmSebenzi wokuHlola oseSikweni ocetyiswayo woku-1: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha (ezomlomo kunye/okanye ezenziwayo) • Aphulaphule itekisi eyinyaniso, njengebali elingenkcukacha okanye ingxelo engolwazi nokuphendula imibuzo yengqiqo ngomlomo • Anike isishwankathelo esilula somlomo setekisi eyinyani esiyimigca emi-3 okanye emi-4 • Abonakalise ukusiqonda isigama somlomo ngokukhomba izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni, ephendula imibuzo okanye esabela imiyalelo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Yintoni leya?’ ‘Khomba amabamba endlovu. 72 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 1 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA LOKUFUNDISA ELICETYISWAYO Elona xesha lincinane: iyure e-1 Elona xesha lininzi: iyure e-1 imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/IINGQIGO/IZAKHONO Izandi (imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Utitshala wenza uhlaziyo loonobumba abancinci noonombini abathile aqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa amagama abasele bewazi abafundi okanye amagama aqhelekileyo. Xa utitshala aza okanye afundisa igama elitsha, uqinisekisa ukuba abafundi bayayiqonda intsingiselo nokulisebenzisa kwisivakalisi. Ubenzisa imisebenzi ephulaphulwayo efunisa ukuba abafundi bachonge izandi zamagama oLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo abawaziyo Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane (ithathe imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-10), zichakwe zigqibe iveki yonke. Zinokubandakanywa kwimisebenzi yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha, nokuFunda. Iiveki: ukusuka kweyoku-1 ukuya kweyesi-5 • Achonge unxulumano phakathi konobumba nesandi koonobumba abahamba bodwa, bekuqaphela ukwahluka ekubizweni kwezandi phakathi koLwimi lwaseKhaya noLwimi oloNgezelelweyo. • Abaqaphele oonombini (‘ch’, ‘th’, ‘bh’) ekuqaleni kwegama, umz. Ch - Chuma, Th - Thabo, bh-ibhola • Ahlule phakathi kwezandi zezikhamiso xa eziva, umz. ch - cha che chi cho chu • Abize ngokuvakalayo amagama amafutshane anoonobumba aba-3 nawanoonobumba aba-4 esebenzisa izandi azifundileyo. • Ukwakha amagama esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu) noonone Iiveki: ukusuka kweyesi-6 ukuya kweye-10 • Aqaphele oonombini ( ‘ph’, ‘th’) ekupheleni kwegama, umz. thetha, chopha • Aqaphele izikhamiso ezingoonombini, umz. ‘oo’ “ii” oomama, iigusha, iindlulamthi • Abize amagama amafutshane akhiwe ngoonobumba aba 3 naba-4 esebenzisa izandi azifundileyo Ukufunda notitshala (ixesha lithe labekelwa bucala phantsi kweziFundo zokuPhulaphula nokuThetha) Ukufunda notitshala ngumsebenzi oquka ukufunda nokuphulaphula; uthi uchaphazele kwanokuthetha kuba abafundi bathetha ngetekisi kunye notishala wabo. KwiBanga lesi-3 ukuFunda noTitshala luza kuqhuba, kodwa njengenxalenye yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha • Afunde itekisi emfutshane ebhaliweyo, umzekelo kwiNcwadi eNkulu okanye itekisi eyandisiweyo, kunye notishala, besebenzisa isihloko ukuqikelela ukuba ingantoni na • Aphendule imibuzo elula nengqalileyo ngebali, umzekelo, ‘Yenza ntoni inkwenkwe esikolweni?’’ • Achaze ukuba ibali limenze waziva njani na, esebenzisa neelwimi ezininzi ngaxeshanye ngokuzitshintsha-tshintsha, ukuba kuyimfuneko. UkuFunda ngamaQela noTitshala (elona xesha lincinane yimizuzu engama-45, elona lininzi yiyure e-1 nemizuzu eli-15) Xa ootitshala besebenzisa elona xesha lininzi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, mabayahlule iklasi ibe ngamaqela ama-5 abafundi bantanganye ngokumgangatho. Mabasebenzise iinkqubo ngokufunda okuhleliweyo, baze baqinisekise ukuba iqela ngalinye lisebenza ngetekisi ezisemgangathweni ekufundiswa kuwo, umyinge wokuwaqonda ngokuchanekileyo amagama ube phakathi kwamamshumi alithoba nalithoba elinesihlanu ekhulwini (90-95%). Utitshala makasebenze neqela ngalinye yonke imihla imizuzu eli-15. Eli xa asebenza neqela elithile, abanye abafundi baya kube befunda ngababini okanye umntu ezifundela, okanye besenza imisebenzi eyayame apha kwiyetekisi efundwayo . Apho ootitshala basebenzisa khona elona xesha lincinane kuLwimi oloNgezelelweo lokuQala, mabakhokele iklasi yonke kwizifundo ezikhokelweyo, kathathu ngeveki. • A funde ngokuvalayo kwincwadi yakhe kwiqela elifunda notitshala. Oku kuthetha ukuba iqela lonke lifunda ibali elinye okanye itekisi eyinyani efana notitshala • Asebenzise iindlela ezingamaqhinga okufunda azifundiswe kuLwimi lwaseKhaya ukuze izinto ziyondelelane engqondweni, akwazi naye ukuzilungisa xa efunda (izandi, imixholo zikhokelo, ukuhlahlela ukwakhiwa, amagama aqhelekileyo) • Afunde ngokuqhabalaka okukhulu eyiva into ayifundayo CAPS 73
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 • Abonise ukuziqonda iziphumlisi xa afunda ngokuvakalayo • Aqhube esakha isigama samagama aqhelekileyo athatnelwa kwizifundo ezikhokelwayo, ezifundwa notitshala nezo azifundela yena ezimele Ukufunda eyedwa (ngexesha abafundi bengenzi nto esikolweni nasekhaya) Abafundi bamelwe ukuba bakhuthazwe bazifundele bebodwa kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo xa bengenzi nto eklasini, umzekelo, ukuba utitshala usebenze neqela elifunda likhokelwa, okanye xa bewugqibe umsebenzi ngaphambi kwexesha Kubalulekile ukuba lonke ithuba elivelayo eklasini lisetyenziselwe ukuphuhlisa ukufunda. Abafundi mabasoloko bekhuthazwa ukuba bafunde ekhaya njengomsebenzi wasekhaya. • Afunde into ayibhalileyo naleyo ibhalwe ngabanye • Azifundele eyedwa iincwadi ezifundwe kwiindibano zoFundo oluKhokelweyo neencwadi ezinezihloko ezilula, neencwadi zamabali ayimifanekiso kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo kwikona yokufunda yaseklasini • Afunde imibongo nezicengcelezo eziqhelekileyo • Asebenzise izichazi magama zabafundi ezinemifanekiso, umzekelo, ezilwiminye okanye zimalwimi axandileyo, bafumane intsingiselo yamagama abangawaziyo UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni: Izandi: (ezomlomo okanye/kunye nezenziwayo okanye/kunye nezibhalwayo) • Abize amagama amafutshane anoonobumba aba-3 naba-4, besebenzisa izandi abazifundileyo. UmSebenzi wokuHlola oseSikweni woku-1: Izandi: (ezomlomo/ezenziwayo/ezibhalwayo) • Achonge unxulumano lwesandi nonobumba koononye, ewuqonda umahluko ekubizeni izandi phakathi kuLwimi lwaseKhaya noLwimi oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala • Anakane oonombini (‘ph’, ‘ch’, ‘th’, ‘bh’) ekuqaleni kwegama • Anakane oonombini (‘ph’, ‘ch’, ‘th’) ekupheleni kwegama • Ukwakha amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu) noonone Iingcebiso ngemisebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni: Ukufunda: (ezomlomo/ezenziwayo) Ukufunda notitshala • Afunde ibali elifutshane kwiNcwadi eNkul okanye kwitekisi eyandisiweyo, bekunye notishala, besebenzisa isihloko ukuqikelela into eza kwenzeka • Aphendule imibuzo elula nengqalileyo ngebali, umzekelo, ‘Kwenzekani kwindlulamthi yakuqalisa ukusela?’ Ukufunda kweqela likhokelwe • Abonise ukuqonda nokungathintilizi xa afundayo kumgangatho wakhe besenza notitshala Ukufunda eyedwa • Abonise ukuqonda nokungathintilizi xa afunda eyedwa Umsebenzi wokuHlola oseSikweni woku-1: Ukufunda (ezomlomo/ezenziwayo) Ukufunda noTitshala • Abalise ibali eliphinda okanye ashwankathele itekisi eyinyani Ukufunda bengamaqela notitshala • Afunde amabali beliqela akumgangatho wabo besebenza notitshala. Iqela lonke lifunda ibali elifanayo • Asebenzise amagama aqhelekileyo. Izandi nezakhono zokuqiqa ukuphuhlisa intsingiselo • Ukwakha amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezakhiwe ngamaqabane amathathu (oonontathu) noonone 74 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 1 UKUBHALA IXESHA LOKUFUNDISA ELICETYISWAYO Ukubhala: Elona xesha lincinane: imizuzu angama-30 ngeveki Elona xesha lininzi: iyure e-1 ngeveki Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi: imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/IINGQIQO/IZAKHONO Imisebenzi yokubhala (imizuzu engma-30 ubuncinci, iyure e-1elona xesha lininzi ngeveki) Umsebenzi wokubhala ophambili ube mnye okanye ibe mibini apho kusetyenziswa elona xesha lininzi, uze ube mnye xa kusetyenziswa elona lincinane • Asebenzise izakhono zokubhala ngesandla ezifundiswe kuLwimi lwaseKhaya • Abhale eziya ziba nzima izintlu ezinezihloko, umz. Izilwanyana zasendle: iindlovu,iindlulamthi, iingonyama, amaqwarhashe • Abhale itekisi elula, umzekelo, ikhadi leminqweno emihle yemini yokuzalwa • Elandela isikhokelo, abhale uthotho lwemiyalelo elula, umzekelo, iresipi, • Abhale umhlathi omigca mi-4 ukuya esi-6 ngesihloko esiqhelekileyo • Asebenzise inkqubo elandelwayo xa kubhalwa (ukuyila, ukubhala, ukuhlela nokupapashsa) • Asebenzise iziphumlisi esezifundisiwe kuLwimi lwaseKhaya (izingxi, iikoma, iimpawu zombuzo, iimpawu zokukhuza neempawu zokucaphula) • Apele amagama aqhelekileyo ngokuchanekileyo, aze alinge nalawo angaqhelekanga, esebenzisa ulwazi lwezandi • Azakhele uvimba wesigama nesichazi-magama sakhe • Asebenzise isischazi-magama sabafundi (esilwimi lunye nesineelwimi ezimbini) Imisebenzi yokusetyenziswa kolwimi (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) IKule misebenzi abafundi baya kuqalisa ukugxininisa kwiukusetyenziswa kolwimi esetyenziswayo. Kufuneka iukusetyenziswa kolwimi ifundiswe ngendlela enika intsingiselo. • Aqonde, asebenzise ixesha langoku elifutshane • Aqonde asebenzise izivakalisi ezilula, umzekelo, ‘Incwadi iphezu kwetafile’. • Aqonde asebenzise isimnini nezibizo, umzekelo, ‘Incwadi yam’ • Ahlaziye/azikhumbuze eminye imigaqo yeukusetyenziswa kolwimi efundwe ngokungekho sesikweni kwiBanga labaQalayo (R) ukuya kwelesi-2 UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni: Ukubhala: (okubhalwayo) • Encediswa, ubhala uthotho lwemiyalelo elula UmSebenzi wokuHlola oseSikweni woku-1 Ukubhala: (okubhalwayo) • Abhale umhlathi omigca mi-4 ukuya kwemi-6 ngesihloko esiqhelekileyo Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi youHlola engekho seSikweni: Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi: (okubhaliweyo) • Abhale izihloko zemifanekiso ezinentsingiselo, elandela isikhokelo: ‘Nanku u ________. Naba aba ________. • Abhale izivakalisi ezinentsingiselo, esebenzisa isimnini nezibizo ngokuchanekileyo UmSebenzi wokuHlola oseSikweni woku-1 Ukubhala: (okubhalwayo) • Abhale izivakalisi ezinentsingiselo ezikwixesha langoku ngokuchanekileyo CAPS 75
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 2 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA (EZOMLOMO) IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Iyure e-1 ngeveki UMXHOLO/IINGQIQO/IZAKHONO Iiveki: ukusuka kweyoku-1 ukuya kweyesi-5 Ootitshala bakhetha imixholo emibini ebavumela ukuba bafundise isigama abamane besihlaziya besivusela, kwaye bafikelele kwimisebenzi edweliswe ngezantsi apha. Qaphela ukuba imixholo okanye izihloko ezicetyiswayo ziingcebiso nje. Ootitshala mabazikhethele imixholo efanele okanye elungele bona ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko nezixhobo ezifumanekayo kubo. Mabaqiniseke ukuba banazo izinto ezifunekayo ezinjengeeNcwadi eziNkulu okanye iiphowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto eziyinyani ezilungele imixholo abayikhethileyo. Ootitshala mabazame ukufikelela imisebenzi emininzi kangangoko banakho, kwixesha elifumanekayo. Kufuneka bahlole abafundi besenzisa imiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni ecetyiswe ukuba yenziwe ukusuka kwiveki yoku-1 ukuya kweyesi-5. Iiveki ukusuka kweyesi-6 ukuya kweye-10 Ootitshala bakhethe imixholo emibini emitsha eya kubavumele ukuba bongezelele koko sebekwenzile kwiiveki ezintlanu zokuqala. Imixholo mayibavumele ukuba baqalisee isigama esitsha nokugxininisa kubethelelwe isigama esesifundisiwe. Imixholo mayivumele nokuba utitshala asoloko evuselela izakhiwo ezilula ezisiseko, eli xesha esabelana ngolwazi nabafundi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo. Ootitshala mabazame ukufikelela kuyo ibe mininzi kangangoko imisebenzi kwixesha elifumanekayo. Mabahlole abafundi besebenzisa imiSebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni, nekucetyiswe ukuba yenziwe ukusuka kwineki yesi-6 ukuya kweye-10. Kumelwe ukuba bathabathise ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola eseSikweni. Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla(imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Imisebenzi iyahluka ngobude. Utitshala unokwenza umsebenzi omdana omnye okanye ibe mibini nemithathu emifutshane ngeveki. • Aqhube ephuhlisa isigama somlomo (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha), besebenzisa imixholo okanye izihloko ezinjengesi. ‘Growing Things’ • Alandele imiyalelo, umzekelo, ‘Zalisa imbiza ngomhlaba. Faka imbewu. Ugqubelele ngokuthi sa umhlaba. Okokugqibela, unkcenkceshele. • Anike imiyalelo elula, umzekelo, ‘ Nkcenkceshela ngoku.’ • Aqonde aphendule imibuzo elula njengale: ‘Nini....?’ ‘Yintoni...’, umzekelo, ‘ Imbewu iya kukhula ibe njani?’’ • Acele ukucaciselwa, umzekelo, ‘Andiqondi kakuhle. Ndicela undichazele kwakhona.’ • Aphendule, enze izicelo, umzekelo, ‘Ndingasisebenzisa isichazi-magama?’ • Athathe inxaxheba kwincoko emfutshane kwisihloko esiqhelekileyo, umzekelo, incoko engabahlobo bakhe nezinto abazenzayo. • Achonge into ngokuphulaphula inkcazelo emfutshane, umzekelo, ‘Ndimncinane ndilukhuni. Ukuba undinika umhlaba namanzi, ndikhula ndibe sisityalo. Ndingubani?’ • Athethe ngezinto ezisemfanekisweni, okanye ifoto ephendula, esabela imiyalelo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Ubona ntoni efotweni? Ndixelele into ongayibonayo efotweni.’ • Aphulaphule amabal abaliswayo, umzekelo, utitshala abaxelele ngokukhulisa isityalo. ‘Ndiqala ndigalele umhlaba embizeni iphantse ukugcwala. Ndandule ukufaka imbewu ndiyigqubelele ngomhlaba, ndiyinkcenkceshele. Ndiyibukele ikhula.’ • Abalise ibali elifutshane ngomlomo, umzekelo, abalise ngokutyala imbewu nokukhula kwesityalo. • Aqonde asebenzise izakhiwo zolwimi kwimeko ezifanelelyo, umzekelo, ixesha eladlulayo, ‘Ndankcenkceshela isityalo, njalo-njalo. • Afunde ngentloko enze imibongo elula, izicengcelezo neengoma, umzekelo, ‘Siza kutyala iimbotyi esitiyeni.’ • Adlale umdlalo wolwimi, umzekelo, ‘Ndiqhwaba izandla.’ 76 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha okugxininiswayo (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Ukuphulaphul amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo (Ukufunda notitshala) Ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha elifumanekayo, utitshala ubalisa okanye afunde ibali, (okanye ibali elingeziganeko), kabini ngeveki. Amabali abaliswayo anokwenziwa imidlalo, kusetyenziswa izijekulo nezixhobo zokuphuhlisa intsingiseli. Amabali afundwayo mawathathwe kwiNcwadi eNkulu okanye iphowusta enemifanekiso, apho abafundi banokubona imifanekiso. • Ukuphulaphula amabali amafutshane, amabali angeziganeko ezehlele umntu okanye amabali ayinyani, umzekelo, iziganeko eziyinyani, imiyalelo, iingxelo zolwazi, ezibaliswa okanye zifundwa kwiNcwadi eNkulu okanye iphowusta enemifanekiso, bezonwabisa • Aphulaphule amabali namabali angeziganeko, aphendule imibuzo engengqiqo, umzekelo, ‘Wawuxhwitha njani umnqathe?’ • Aqikelele okuza kwenzeka kwibali elilandelayo, okanye ibali lomntu, umzekelo, ‘Ucinga ukuba kuza kwenzeka ntoni kwixa elizayo?’ • Achaze imvakalelo yakhe ngebali, ‘Ulithandile ibali? Yintoni oyithandileyo, iyintoni ongayithandanga? Nika izizathu.’ • Abalise ibali eliphinda. • Abalise itekisi eyinyani, njengebali elingeziganeko okanye ingxelo yolwazi, umzekelo, ‘Ukukhulisa izityalo’, nokuphendula imibuzu engengqiqo, umzekelo, ‘Ziintoni omelwe kukuba nazo xa ulima izityalo?’ • Ngoncedo lukatitshala, anike isishwankanthelo setekisi eyinyani. Ukuphuhlisa isigama sengqiqo, isigama nezakhiwo zolwimi Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kule misebenzi ingentla: • Aqhube esakha isigama somlomo, kuqukwa nesigama sengqiqo, umzekelo ukuchaza into ukuqhubeka kwento ngokwamanqanaba okwenzeka kwayo, umzekelo, ibali ngobomi • Aqalise ukuphuhlisa ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula kwiimeko ezinentsingiselo yolwimi oluthethwayo, umzekelo, izibizo ezingezinto ezibalwayo nezingabalwayo, umzekelo, imbewu, amanzi, isitiya, njalo-njalo. UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha: (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo) Iiveki: ukusuka kweyoku-1 ukuya kweyesi-5 • Athethe ngomfanekiso okanye ifoto • Athathe inxaxheba kwincoko emfutshane ngesihloko esiqhelekileyo Iiveki: ukusuka kweyesi-6 ukuya kweye-10 • Aphulaphule ibali lomlomo elilula elingeziganeko • Abalise ibali lomlomo elilula elingeziganeko UmSebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni wesi-2: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo) • Aphulaphule itekisi eyinyani, aze aphendule ngomlomo imibuzo engengqiqo • Abonise ukusiqonda isigama somlomo ngokukhomba izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni, ephendula imibuzo okanye imiyaleleo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Yintoni le?’ ‘yalatha iingcambu zesityalo?’’ Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni wesi-3: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo) • Aphulaphule ibali abuye alibalise • Abonakalise ukuqonda isigama somlomo ngokwalatha izinto eziseklasini okanye umfanekiso ephendula imibuzo okanye imiyalelo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Yintoni le?’ ‘Yalatha iingcambu zesityalo’. CAPS 77
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 2 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA LOKUFUNDISA ELICETYISWAYO Elona xesha lincinane: iyure e-1 ngeveki Elona xesha lininzi: iyure e-1 imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/IINGQIQO/IZAKHONO Izandi (imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Utitshala uqalisa ukufundisa izikhamiso ezingoonombini, nokuxubana/ukudityaniswa kweezandi (amaqabane), esebenzisa amagama abafundi abasele bewazi okanye amagama aqhelelkileyo. Xa esiza negama elitsha, utitshala uyaqinisekisa ukuba abafundi bayayiqonda intsinselo yalo, kwaye bangalisebenzisa kwisivakalisi. Ubonelela ngemisebenzi emanyelwayoefuna ukuba abafundi anakane amagama azandi zifanayo. Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane (imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-10), yahlulwa-hlulwe igqibe iveki. Inokudityaniswa kwimisebenzi yokuphulaphula nokuthetha, nemisebenzi yokufunda. Iiveki ukusuka kweyoku-1 ukuya kweyesi- 5 Anakane ubuncinane oonombini bezikhamiso abatsha, umzekelo ‘oo’, ‘ii’ kula magama, loo,iinkomo. • Afunde amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi esezifundiweyo, agxininise koonontathu noonone Iiveki ukusuka kweyesi-6 ukuya kweye-10 • Asebenzise amaqabane axutyiweyo ukwakha nokuqhekeza amagama, i-dla-dla, i-hla-hla • Anakane amagama aqhelekileyo anemfano-zandi, iqaqa • Ahlule phakathikwezikhamiso ezide nezifutshane • Afunde amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezifundiweyo Ukufunda notitshala (Ixesha liye labiwa phantsi kwifundo zokuphulaphula nokuthetha) Ukufunda notitshala kuquka imisebenzi yokufunda nokuphulaphula; ikwabandakanya ukuthetha kuba abafundi bayathetha ngetekisi notitshala. KwiBanga lesi-3, ukuFunda notitshala kuyaqhuba, kodwa njengenxalenye yokuphulaphula nokuthetha • Afunde itekisi emfutshane ebhaliweyo notitshala kwiNcwadi eNkulu okanye itekisi eyandisiweyo, asebenzisa isihloko ukuqikelela. • Aphendule imibuzo elula ngebali • Achaze ukuba ibali limenze wavakalelwa njani na, esebenzisa iilwimi ngokuzitshintsha-tshintsha, xa kuyimfuneko Ukufunda ngamaqela bekhokelwa ( elona xesha yimizuzu engama-45, elona lininzi liyiyure e- enemizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Apho ootitshala basebenzisa elona xesha lininzi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, mabayahlule iklasi ibe ngamaqela amahlanu akumgangatho omnye wokufunda. Mabasebenzise inkqubo yokuhlela ngokufunda, baqinisekise ukuba iqela ngalinye lisebenza ngeetekisi ekumgangatho wokufundisa, ukunakana amagama ngokuchanekileyo ngomyinge wamashumi alithoba ukuya kumashumi alithoba anesihlanu (90% - 95%). Utitshala makasebenze neqela elinye yonke imihla imizuzu eli-15. Eli xesha asebenza asebenza neli qela, abanye abafundi baya kufunda ngababini okanye eyedwa okanye benze imisebenzi enxulumene netekisi efundwayo. Apho ootitshala basebenzisa elona lincinane ixesha kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, mababenze izifundo ezikhokelwayo neklasi yonke kathathu ngeveki. • Afunde incwadi yakhe ngokuvakalayo kufundo ngamaqela ekhokelwa, besebenza notitshala. Oku kuthetha ukuba iqela lonke lifunda ibali elifanayo okanye itekisi eyinyani kunye notitshala • Asebenzise iindlela zokufunda ezifundiswe kulwimi lwaseKhaya, ukuze ivakale akwazi ukuzilungisa iziphoso xa efunda (izandi, iimeko ezikhokelayo,ukuhlahlela izakhiwo, amagama aqhelekileyo) • Afunde ngokungathintithiyo nokuchebeleza okukhulayo nokuvakalelwa • Abonise ukuziqonda iziphumlisi xa afunda ngokuvakalayo • Aqhube esakha isigama samagama aqhelekileyo esivela kufundo olukhokelweyo, kufundo notitshala nayedwa 78 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Ukufunda uwedwa (ngexesha abafundi bengenzi nto esikolweni nasekhaya) Abafundi mabakhuthazwe ukuba bazifundele bebodwa kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, xa bengenzi nto eklasini, umzekelo, xa utitshala esebenza neqela elifunda likhokelwa, okanye xa bewugqibe phambi kwexesha umsebenzi. Kubalulekile ukuba ithuba ngalinye elifumanekayo eklasini lisetyenziselwe ukuphuhlisa ukufunda. Abafundi mabasoloko bekhuthazwa ukuba bazifundele ekhaya njengomsebenzi wasekhaya. • Afunde akubhalileyo noko kubhalwe ngabanye • Azifundele iincwadi kwindibano kufundo olukhokelwayo neencwadi zezihloko ezilula neencwadi zamabali emifanekiso kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo kwiikona zokufunda zaseklasini • Afunde imibongo nezicengcelezo eziqhelekileyo • Asebenzise izichazi-magama zemifanekiso, ezolwmi nezilwimi mbini, ukufumana intsingiselo yamagama angaziwayo UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso zemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Izandi: (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo) • Ahlule phakathi kwezandi zezikhamiso ezide nezifutshane ngokuzibiza • Afunde abhale amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi esezifundiweyo, agxininise koonontathu noonone Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni wesi-2: Izandi: (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo okanye ezibhalwayo) • Afunde ubuncinane izivakalisi ezinezandi ezingoonombini, oonontathu noonone Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni wesi-3: Izandi: (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo okanye ezibhalwayo) • Asebenzise amaqabane akhiwe ngokuxutywa, ukukwakha nokuhlahlela amagama • Afunde, abhale amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezifundiweyo Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Ukufunda: (okomlomo okanye okwenziwayo) Ukufunda notitshala • Aphendule imibuzo yomlomo emifutsahne ngetekisi • Abalise inxalenye yebali eliphinda encediswa ngutitshala Ukufunda beliqela notitshala • Abonise ukuqonda nokuchebeleza xa efunda kumgangatho wakhe notitshala Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni Ukufunda (okomlomo okanye okwenziwayo) Ukfunda notitshala • Aphendule imibuzo elula ngebali okanye itekisi, eliyinyani, umzekelo, ‘Yintoni eyokuqala eyenzekayo embotyini xa ikhula?’ Ukufunda notitshala beliqela • Bonise ukuqonda nokuqhabalaka xa efunda kwinqanaba akulo notitshala Ukufunda ngababini nayedwa Abonise ukuqonda nokuchebeleza xa ezifundela • Afunde, abhale amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezifundiweyo CAPS 79
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 2 UKUBHALA IXESHA LUKUFUNDISA ELICETYIWEYO Ukubhala: Elona xesha lincinane: imizuzu negama-30 ngeveki Elona xesha lininzi: iyure e-1 ngeveki Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi: imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/IINGQIQO/IZAKHONO Imisebenzi yokuBhala (Elona lincinane: imizuzu engama-30, elona lininzi: iyure e-1 ngeveki) Umsebenzi wokubhala ophambili omnye okanye emibini apho elona xesha lininzi lisetyenziswayo, nomsebenzi omnye apho elona ixesha lincinane lisetyenziswayo • Asebenzise izakhono zokubhala ngesandla ezifundiswe kuLwimi lwasekhaya • Abhale izintlu ezinezihloko eziya ziqina ukuba nzima • Ngokukhokelwa ngutitshala, abhale uthotho lwezintlu ezilula, umkekelo, indlela yokukhulisa isityalo • Abhale umhlathi omigca mi-4 ukuya kwemi-6 ngesihloko esiqhelekileyo • Alungelelanise iinkcukacha etshathini, itheyibhile okanye ibha-grafu, umzekelo, ubomi besityalo • Asebenzise inkqubo yokubhala, umzekelo, ukuyila, ukubhala ukuhlela nokupapasha • Asebenzise iziphumlisi esezifundisiwe kuLwimi lwaseKhaya, umzekelo, izingxi, iikoma, iimpawu zombuzo, iimpawu zesikhuzo neempawu zokucaphula • Apele ngokuchanekileyo amagama aqhelekileyo, azame ukupela namagama angaqhelekanga esebenzisa ulwazi lwezandi • Azakhele ibhanki yamagama nesichazi-magama sakhe • Asebenzise izichazi-magama zabafundi, esolwimi olunye neelwimi ezimbini Imisebenzi yokusetyenziswa koLwimi (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Kule misebenzi abafundi baya kuqalisa ukugxininisa kwiukusetyenziswa kolwimi esetyenzisiweyo. Iukusetyenziswa kolwimi imelwe ukuba ifundiswe kwiimeko eziphuhlisa intsingiselo. • Aqonde asebenzise imo ende yexesha langoku, umzekelo, ‘Bayalima emasimini’ • Izibizo zezinto ezibalwayo nezingabalwayo, umzekelo, ‘ibhotile’, ‘amanzi’ • Ahlaziye okanye azikhumbuze iukusetyenziswa kolwimi eye yafundwa ngokungekho sesikwenikwiBanaga labaQalayo ukuya kwelesi-2 UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Ukubhala: (okubhalwayo) • Alungelelanise iinkcukacha kwitshathi, itheyibhile okanye ibha-grafu Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni okucetyiswayo wesi- 2 Ukubhala: (okubhalwayo) • Abhale umhlathi omigca mi-6 ukuya kwesi-8 ngesihloko esiqhelekileyo Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni ocetyiswayo wesi-3 • Ngoncedo lukatitshala, abhale uthotho lwemiyalelo elula, umzekelo, iresipi Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Ukusetyenziswa kolwimi: (okubhaliweyo) • Abhale izivakalisi ezinentsingiselo esebenzisa izibizo zamagama axela izinto ezibalwayo nezingabalwayo ngokuchanekileyo Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni ocetyswayo wesi-2 Ukusetyenziswa koLwimi: (okubhaliwayo) • Agqibezele izivakalisi esebenzisa imo ende yexesha langoku Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni okucetyiswayo wesi-3 Ukusetyenziswa koLwimi: (okubhaliwayo) • Abhale izivakalisi ezinentsingiselo kwimo ende yexesha langoku ngokuchanekileyo 80 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 3 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA (EZOMLOMO) IXESHA LUKUFUNDISA ELICETYIWEYO Iyure e-1 ngeveki UMXHOLO/IINGQIQO/IZAKHONO Iiveki ukusuka yoku-1 ukuya kweye-5 Ootitshala bakhetha imixholo emibini eya kubavumela ukuba baqalise isigama basivuselele, baze bafikelele kwimisebenzi edweliswe ngezantsi apha. Uphawule ukuba imixholo okanye izihloko ezicetyiswayo, eneneni ziingcebiso nje. Ootitshala mabakhethe imixholo ebafaneleyo nebalungeleyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko abakuzo nemithombo abanayo. Mabaqinisekise ukuba banazo izinto eziyimfuneko njengeeNcwadi eziNkulu neephowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto ezizizo ukulungiselela umxholo abawukhethileyo. Mabazame kangangoko banakho ukufikelela kwemininzi imisebenzi abanokuyenza ngexesha abalifumanayo. Ootitshala mabahlole abafundi besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni njengoko kucetyisiwe kwiveki yoku-1 ukuya kweyesi-5. Iiveki yesi-6 ukuya kweue-10 Ootitshala bakhetha imixholo emibini emitsha eya kubavumela ukuba bakhele phezu koko bebekwenze kwiiveki ezintlanu zokuqala. Le mixholo iya kubavumela ukuba baqalise isigama esitsha babethelele eso sebesifundisile. Imixholo mayimvumele utitshala athi rhoqo ahlaziye evuselela izakhiwo zolwimi ezisisiseko nezilula, njengokuba esabelana nabafundi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo. Ootitshala mabazame kangangoko banakho ukufikelela kwimisebenzi eminizi abanokuyenza ngexesha abanalo. Mabahlole abafundi besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni njengoko icetyisiwe kwiveki yoku-1 ukuya kwesi-5. Mabaqalise ngemisebenzi yokuHlola okuseSikweni.. Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Aqhube ephuhlisa isigama somlomo (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha), esebenzisa imixholo okanye izihloko. • Alandele imiyalelo, umzekelo, ‘Kwakufuneka ube nephepha, ikoki, isikere nomsonto wokubopha imaski. Qala uzobe ubume bobuso bakho, njalo-njalol. • Anike imiyalelo elula, umzekelo,, ‘Yifake umbala omthubi.’ • Aqonde aphendule imibuzo elula enjengale, ‘Nini …?’ ‘Kutheni …?’ ‘njani…?’, umzekelo,Uyenza njani imaski eyoyikekayo?’ • Acele ukucaciselwa, umzekelo, ‘Andiqondi kakuhle. Khawundincede wethu.’ • Aphendule enze izicelo, umzekelo, ‘Ndingasisebenzisa isichazi-magama?’ • Athabathe inxaxheba kwincoko emfutshane kwisihloko esiqhelekileyo, umzekelo, ‘Izinto eyenzekayo ekuhlaleni’. • Achonge into kwinkcazelo yomlomo emfutshane, umzekelo, abeke imifanekiso ngokulandelelana kwayo emva kokuphulaphula imiyalelo yokwenza imaski • Athethe ngezinto ezisemfanekisweni okanye ifoto ephendula imiyalelo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Yintoni onokuyibona efotweni? Ndixelele into onokuyibona efotweni.’ • Aphulaphule amabali angeziganeko, umzekelo, utitshala ubalisa ngendlela ayenze ngayo imaski eyoyikisayo: ‘Ndiqale ndazoba ukuma kobuso bam. Ndaza ndazoba amehlo, impumlo nomlomo, njalo-njalo.’ • Anike ibali elilula ngesiganeko elibalisa ngomlomo, umzekelo, ebalisa ngokwenza imaski • Aqonde asebenzise izakhiwo zolwimi kwimeki ezichanaekileyo, umzekelo, izalathisi: ‘Nceda uchole elo phepha. Yeyamle ncwadi.’ • Afunde ngentloko enze imibongo emifutshane, izicengcelelzo neengoma • Adlale imidlalo yolwimi CAPS 81
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha okugxininiswayo (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Ukuphulaphula amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo (Ukufunda notitshala) Utitshala ubalisa okanye afunde ibali (okanye achaze isiganeko (kabini ngeveki). Amabali abaliswayo asenokudlalwa, kusetyenziswa izijekulo nempahla yeqonga ukuxhasa intsingiselo. Amabali afundwayo mawathathwe kwiNcwadi eNkulu okanye iphowusta enemifanekiso, apho bonke abafundi banokuyibona cacileyo imifanekiso. • Aphulaphule amabali amafuftshane, lawo angeziganeko zomntu okanye iitekisi eziynyani, umzekelo, ukuchaza iinkcukacha, imiyalelo, iingxelo zeenkcukacha, zibaliswa okanye zifundwa kwiNcwaadi eNkulu okanye iphowusta enemifanekiso yokuzonwabisa • Aphulaphule amabali kunye nenkcazelo ngeziganeko ezingomntu, aphendule imibuzo yengqiqo • Aqikelele okulandelayo okuza kwenzeka ebalini okanye iziganeko zomntu, umzekelo, ‘Ucinga ukuba yintoni elandelayo eza kwenzeka? • Achaze iimvakalelo zakhe ngebali, umzekelo, ‘Ulithandile ibali? Kutheni ungalithandi nje? Kutheni ulithanda nje? • Abalise ibali eliphinda • Aphulaphule itekisi eyinyani. Njenge tekisi engenkqubo elandelwayo xa kusenziwa into, umzelelo, ukuba yenziwa njani imaski, aphendule nemibuzo yengqiqo, umzekelo, ‘Ziintoni ezifunekayo xa usenza imaski?’ • Ngoncedo lukatitshala, anike isishwankathelo seetekisi eziyinyani Ukuphuhlisa iingqiqo nesigama Ngokuthabatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi engentla: • Aqhube esakha isigama somlomo, kuqukwa isigama sengqiqo, umzekelo, achaze iinkqubo; ukwenza izinto • Aqalise ukuphuhlisa ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula kwiimeko ezinentsingiselo kulwimi oluthethwayo, umzekelo, ixesha eladlullayo, izibizo ezibhekiselele kwizinto ezibalwayo nezingabalwayo, iimaski, amaphepha, izalathisi: .Ndinike le ncwadi ‘ UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha: (okomlomo okanye okwenziwayo) Iiveki yoku-1 ukuya kweyesi-5 • Alandele abuye anike imiyalelo Iiveki yesi-6 ukuya kweye-10 • Aphulaphule iziganeko ezifutshane • Anike inkcazo yesiganeko esifutshane ngomlomo Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni wesi-4: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha (okomlomo okanye okwenziwayo) • Aphulaphule ibali aphendule imibuzo yengqiqo ngomlomo • Abalise ibali eliphinda • Abonakalise ukusiqonda isigama somlomo ngokwalatha izinto eziseklasini okanye emfanekisweni, aphendule imibuzo okanye imiyalelo katitshala, umzekelo, ‘Yintoni le?’ ‘Yalatha….’ Umsebenzi wokuhlola okusesikweni wesi-5: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha (okomlomo okanye okwenziwayo) • Anike inkcazo yesiganeko esandula ukuhla ngomlomo 82 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 3 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA ELICETYISWAYO LOKUFUNDA Elona xesha lincinane: iyure e-1 ngeveki Elona xesha lininzi: iyure e-1 imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/IINGQIQO/IZAKHONO Izandi (imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Utitshala uqalisa oonombini bezikhamiso namaqabane axutyiweyo amatsha, esebenzisa amagama abasele bewazi abafundi okanye amagama aqhelekileyo. Xa eqalisa igama elitsha, utitshala uyaqinisekisa ukuba abafundi bayayiqonda intsingiselo yalo, kwaye bakwazi ukulisebenzisa kwizivakalisi. Uza nemisebenzi emanyelwayo efuna abafundi baphawule umahluko kunxulumano phakathi kwezandi nopelokulwimi lwasekhaya nolo longezelelweyo. Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane (imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-10) yahlulwe inikane izithuba evekini apha. Basenokuyibandakanya nemisebenzi yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha, naleyo yokufunda. Iiveki yoku-1 ukuya kwesi-5 • Ahlule phakathi kwezandi z ezikhamiso ezahlukileyo ngokuziva zibizwa, umzekelo, ‘intaka’, • Anakana umahluko othile kunxulumano phakathi kwesandi nopelo kulwimi lwasekhaya nolo longezelelweyo, • Anakane ubuncinane oonombini bezikhamiso abatsha • Afunde, abhale amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezifundiweyo Iiveki eyesi-6 ukuya kweye-10 • Ahlule phakathi kwezandi zezikhamiso ezahlukileyo ngokuziphulaphula • Anakane amaqabane angoonontathu ekuqaleni nasekupheleni kwegama, umz. nts, ngq, ngx njalo-njalo • Awazi amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezifundiweyo Ukufunda notitshala (Ixesha labiwe phantsi kokuPhulaphula nokuThetha) Ufunda notitshala umsebenzi wokufunda nokuphulaphula; ukwachaphazela nokuthetha kuba abafundi bayathetha notitshala ngetekisi. KwiBanga lesi-3, ukuFunda noTitshala kuya kuqhuba, kodwa njengenxalenye yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha • Afunde itekisi emfutshane ebhaliweyo notitshala kwiNcwadi eNkulu okanye itekisi eyandisiweyo, esebenzisa isihloko ukuqikelela • Aphendule imibuzo elula ngebali, • Achaze ukuba ibali limenze waziva njani na, etshintsha-tshintsha iilwimi ukuba kuyimfuneko Ukufunda beliQela noTitshala (Elona lincinane imizuzu engama- 45, elona lininzi iyure e-1 nemizuzum eli-15) Apho ootitshala basebenzisa elona xesha lininzi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, baya kuyahlula iklasi ibe ngamaqela ama-5 alinganayo ngomgangatho wokufunda. Mabasebenzise inkqubo yokufunda ehleliweyo, baze baqinisekise ukuba iqela ngalinye lisebenza ngetekisi ezisemgangathweni wokufunda, ube umyinge wokunakana amagama ngokuchanekileyo uphakathi kwamashumi alithoba ukuya kwalithoba aneihlanu ekhulwini (90 - 95%). Utitshala makasebenze neqela elinye usuku ngalunye imizuzu eli-15. Eli xesha asebenza neli qela, abanye abafundi baya kufunda ngababini okanye ngabanye okanye benze imisebenzi enxulumene netekisi efundwayo. Apho ootitshala basebenzisa elona xesha lincinane kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, mabaqhube ufundo notitshala lweklasi yonke kathathu ngeveki. • Afunde ngokuvakalayo incwadi kufundo olukhokelwayo notitshala. Loo nto ithethe ukuthi lonke iqela lifunda ibali elinye okanye itekisi enye notitshala • Asebenzise iindlela ezingamaqhinga okufunda ezifundiswe kuLwimi lwaseKhaya ukuze kubekho into evakalayo azilungise neziphoso xa efunda (izandi iingqiqo zikhokelo, ukuhlalutywa kwesakhiwo, amagama aqhelekileyo • Afunde ngokungathintilizi nokuvakalelwa • Abonise ukuziqonda iziphumlisi xa efunda ngokuvakalyo • Aqhube esakha isigama samagama aqhelekileyo kufundo olukhokelweyo, kunye notitshala nayedwa CAPS 83
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Ukufunda uwedwa (ngexesha abafundi bengenzi nto esikolweni nasekhaya) Abafundi mabakhuthazwe bazifundule ngokwabo kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, xa benexesha lokungenzi nto eklasini, umzekelo, ukuba utitshala usebenza neqela elikhokelwa ekufundeni, okanye xa bethe bawugqibaumsebenzi phambi kwexesha. Kubalulekile ukuba onke amathuba afumanekayo eklasi asetyenziswe ukuphuhlisa ukufunda. Abafundi mabakhuthazwe ukuba bafunde ekhay njengomsebenzi wasekhaya • Afunde akubhalileyo nokubhalwe ngabanye • Azifundele iincwadi ezifundwa kwiindibano zofundo ngokhokelo, kwakunye neencwadi zezihloko ezilula neencwadi zamabali ezinemifanekiso kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo kwiikona zokufunda eklasini • Afunde imibongo nezicengelezo eziqhelekileyo • Asebenzise izichazi-magama nemifanekiso zabafundi (ezilwimi nye nezilwimi mbini), bafumane iintsingiselo zamagama abangawaziyo UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Izandi: (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo okanye ezibhalwayo) • Anakane umahluko othile kunxulumano phakathi kwesandi nopelo • Afunde, abhale amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezifundiweyo Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni: Izandi: (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo okanye ezibhalwayo) • Ahlule phakathi kwezandi zezikhamiso ezahlukileyo, umzekelo • Abazi ubuncinane oonombini bezikhamiso abatsha namaqabane Umsebenzi wokuHlola osseSikwenu wesi-5: Izandi: (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo okanye ezibhalwayo) • Anakane amaqabane angoonontathu emagameni nakwizivakalisi • Afunde, abhale amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezifundiweyo Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni: Ukufunda: (okomlomo okanye okwenziwayo) Ukufunda notitshala • Aphendule imibuzo ngetekisi • Abalise inxalenye yebali encediswa ngutitshala Ukufunda beliqela notitshala • Abonise ukuqonda nokuchebeleza xa efunda notitshala kumgangatho wakhe Imisebenzi yokuHlola okuseSikweni eceetyiswayo yesi-4 nesi-5 Ukufunda (okomlomo okanye okwenziwayo) Ukufunda notitshala • Aphenndule imibuzo elula ngebali okanye itekisi eyinyani, Ukufunda ngamaqela notitshala • Abonise ukuqonda nokuqhabalaka efunda notitshala kumgangatho wakhe • Afunde, abhale amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezifundiweyo Ukufunda ngababini nangabanye • Abonise ukuqonda nokuchebeleza xa ezifundela eyedwa 84 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 3 UKUBHALA IXESHA LUKFUNDISA ELICEETYIWEYO Ukubhala: Elona xesha lincinane: imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki Elona xesha lininzi: iyure e-1 ngeveki Ukusebenza koLwimi: imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/IINGQIQO/IZAKHONO Imisebenzi yokuHlola ( eyona mizuzu mincinci ingama-30, eyona mininzi yiyure e-1 ngeveki) Umsebenzi wokubhala omnye okanye emibini ngeveki apho elona xesha lininzi lisetyenziswayo, ukuze ubuncinane ibe ngumsebenzi omnye ngeveki apho elona xesha lincinane lisetyenziswayo • Asebenzise izakhono ezifundiswe kuLwimi lwaseKhaya • Abhale izintlu ezinezihloko eziya ziba nzima • Abhale imihlathi emigca mi-4 ukuya kwemi-6 ngesihloko esiqhelekileyo • Alungelelanise iinkcukacha kwitshati, itheyibhile okanye ibha-grafu • Ekhokelwa, abhale ngeziganeko ezimehleleyo • Asebenzise inkqubo yokubhala, umzekelo, ukuyila, ukubhala, ukuhlela nokupapasha • Asebenzise isiphumlisi esele zifundisiwe kuLwimi lwaseKhaya, umzekelo, izingxi, iikoma. Iimpawu zombuzo, iimpawu zokukhuza neempawu zokucaphula • Apele amagama aqhelelkileyo ngokuchanekileyo, aze azame ukupela amagama angaqhelekanga, sebenzisa ulwazi lwezandi • Asebenzise ixesha eladlulayo ngokuchanekileyo ngamandla • Azakhele eyakhe ibhanki yamagama nesichazi-magama sakhe • Asebenzise izichazi-magama zabafundi (elwimi lunye nelwimi mbini) Imisebenzi yokuSebetyenziswa kuLwimi (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Kule misebenzi abafundi baya kuqalisa ukugxininisa kwiukusetyenziswa kolwimi esetyenzisiweyo. Iukusetyenziswa kolwimi mayifundiswe ngokomxholo. • Aqonde, asebenzise ixesha eladlulayo • Aqonde, asebenzise izibizo ezibhekise kwizinto ezibalwayo nezingabalwayo (uhlaziyo) • Ahlaziye enye iukusetyenziswa kolwimi efundiswe ngokungekho sesikweni kwibanga labaQalayo (R) ukuya kwesi-2 UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni: Ukubhala: (okubhaliweyo) • Alungelelanise iinkcukacha kwitshati, itheyibhile okanye ibha-grafu, umzekelo, ibhodi yebali, lokwenza imaski Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni wesi-4 Ukubhala: (okubhalwayo) • Abhale umhlathi omigca mi-4 ukuya kwemi-6 ngesihloko esiqhelekileyo Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni okucetiswayo wesi-5 • Abhale ngezinto ezehlele yena Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Ukusetyenziswa koLwimi: okubhaliwayo) • Abhale izivakalisi ezinentsingiselo, esebenzisa izibizo ezibhekise kwizinto ezibalwayo nezingabalwayo Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni wesi-4 Ukusetyenziswa koLwimi: (okubhalwayo) • Agqibezele izivakalisi esebenzisa ixesha eladlulayo Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni wesi-5 Ukusetyenziswa kuLwimi: (okubhalwayo) • Abhale izivakalisi ezinentsingiselo kwixesha eladlulayo ngokuchanekileyo CAPS 85
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 4 UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA (EZOMLOMO) IXESHA LOKUFUNDISA ELICETYIWEYO Iyure e-1 ngeveki UMXHOLO/IINGQIQO/IZAKHONO Iiveki eyoku-1 ukuya kweyesi-5 Ootitshala bakhetha imixholo emibini eya kubavumela ukuba bazise isigama basibethelele, basivuselele, baze bafikelele kwimisebenzi edweliswe ngezantsi apha. Uphawule ukuba imixholo okanye izihloko ezicetyiswayo, eneneni ziingcebiso nje. Ootitshala mabakhethe imixholo ebafaneleyo nebalungeleyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko abakuzo nezixhobo abanazo. Mabaqinisekise ukuba banazo izinto eziyimfuneko njengeeNcwadi eziNkulu neephowusta, izicengcelezo, iingoma, imidlalo nezinto ezizizo ukulungiselela umxholo abawukhethileyo. Ootitshala mabazame kangangoko banakho ukufikelela kwemininzi imisebenzi abanokuyenza ngexesha abalifumanayo. Mabahlole abafundi besebenzisa imisebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni njengoko kucetyisiwe kwiveki yoku-1 ukuya kweyesi-5. Iiveki yesi-6 ukuya kweye-10 Ootitshala bakhetha imixholo emibini emitsha eya kubavumela ukuba bakhele phezu koko bebekwenze kwiiveki ezintlanu zokuqala. Le mixholo iya kubavumela ukuba baqalise isigama esitsha babethelele eso sebesifundisile. Imixholo mayimvumele utitshala athi rhoqo ahlaziye evuselela izakhiwo zolwimi ezisisiseko nezilula, njengokuba esabelana nabafundi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo Ootitshala mabazame kangangoko banakho ukufikelela kwimisebenzi eminizi abanokuyenza ngexesha abanalo. Mabahlole abafundi besebenzisa Imisebenzi yokuHlola engekho seSikweni njengoko icetyisiwe kwiveki yoku-1 ukuya kwesi-5. Mabathabathise ngemisebenzi yokuHlola okuseSikweni Imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Imisebenzi iyahluka ngobude. Utitshala angenza umsebenzi omnye omde okanye ibe mibini okanye ibe mithathu emifutshane ngeveki. Aqhube ephuhlisa isigama somlomo, (ukuphulaphula nokuthetha), esebenzisa imixholo okanye izihloko ezinjengezi: Ezothutho • Alandele anike imiyalelo • Aqonde aphendule imibuzo elula • Acele ukucaciselwa • Aphendule enze izicelo • Athathe inxaxheba kwincoko emfutshane ngesihloko esiqhelekileyo, umzekelo, indlela eya esikolweni • Achonge into kwizinto ezichazwe ngomlomo, umzekelo, ‘Yinqwelo le. Inkulu kakhulu inde. Ihambisa izinto zisuka efektri izisa emarikeni’ • Athethe ngezinto ezisemfanekisweni ephendula imiyalelo, umzekelo, ‘Ungamibona uloliwe efotweni? Sibonise uloliwe.’ • Aphulaphule abuye abalise iziganeko ngomlomo, umzekelo, ‘Uhambo lwam oluya esikolweni’ • Aqonde abuaye asebenzise izakhiwo zolwimi kwimeko ezifaneleyo • Afunde ngentloko, aze enze imidlalo elula ngemibongo, izicengcelezo neengoma, umzekelo, ‘Amavili enqwelo ayajikeleza • Adlale imidlalo yolwimi Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha okugxininiswa (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Ukuphulaphula amabali abaliswayo nafundwayo Ukufunda noTitshala) • Utitshala ubalisa okanye afunde amabali (okanye iziganeko), kabini ngemini. Amabali abaliswayo anokudlalwa, esebenzisa izijekulo nempahla yeqonga, ukuxhasa intsingiselo. Amabali afundwayo mawathathwe kwiNcwadi eNkulu okanye iphowusta enemifanekiso apho abafundi banokubona imifanekiso kakuhle. • Aphulaphule amabali amafutshane, iziganeko ezehlele umntu okanye iitekisi eziyinyani, umzekelo, amabali aneenkcukacha, imiyalelo,iingxelo ezingeenkcukacha, okanye kufundwe kwiNcwadi eNkulu okanye iphowusta yokuzonwabisa • Aphulaphule amabali, neziganeko, aphendule imibuzo engengqiqo 86 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 • Aqikelele into elandelayo eza kwenzeka ebalini, okanye amabali eziganeko, umzekelo, ‘Ucinga ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni?’ • Athethe ngemvakalelo yakhe ngebali, umzekele, ‘Ulithandile ibali?, Kutheni?’ • Abalise ibali eliphinda • Aphulaphule itekisi eyinyani, umzekelo, ‘Uthutho’ aze aphendule imibuzo evuselela ingqiqo, umzekelo, Unganika iindidi ezintathu zothutho?’ • Ngoncedo lukatitshala, anike isishwankathelo esilula setekisi eyinyani Ukuphuhlisa isigama sengqiqo, isigama nezakhiwo zolwimi Ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwimisebenzi engentla: • Aqhube esakha isigama somlomo, kuqukwa nesigama sengqiqo • Aqalise ukuphuhlisa ukuqonda nokukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhiwo zolwimi ezilula kwiimeko ezinentsingiselo kulwimi oluthethwayo, umzekelo, ixesha langoku neladlulayo, izibizo ezibhekiselele kwizinto ezibalwayo nezingabalwayo UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso ngemisebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha: (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo) Iiveki eyoku-1 ukuya kweyesi-5 • Athethe ngomfanekiso okanye ifoto • Athathe inxaxheba kwincoko emfutshane ngesihloko esiqhelekileyo Iiveki eyesi-6 ukuya kweye-10 • Aphulaphule ibali aze aphendule imibuzo yokuqonda ngomlomo • Abalise ibali eliphinda Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni wesi-6: Ukuphulaphula nokuthetha (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo) • Aphulaphule itekisi eyinyani, aze aphendule imibuzo yengqiqo ngomlomo • Anike isishwankathelo esilula setekisi • Abonise ukuqonda isigama somlomo ngokwalatha izinto eziseklasini, aphendule imibuzo nemiyalelo kutitshala CAPS 87
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 4 UKUFUNDA NEZANDI IXESHA LOKUFUNDA ELICETYISWAYO Elona xesha lincinane: iyure e-1 ngeveki Elona zesha lininzi: iyure e-1 imizuzengama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/IINGQIQO/IZAKHONO Izandi (imizuzu eli-15 ngeveki) Utitshala uqalisa oonombini bezikhamiso namaqabane axutyiweyo amatsha, esebenzisa amagama abasele bewazi abafundi okanye amagama aqhelekileyo. Xa eqalisa igama elitsha, utitsahala uyaqinisekisa ukuba abafundi bayayiqonda intsingiselo yalo, kwaye bakwazi ukulisebenzisa kwizivakalisi. Uza nemisebenzi emanyelwayo efuna abafundi baphawule umahluko kunxulumano phakathi kwezandi nopelo kulwimi lwasekhaya nolo longezelelweyo. Le misebenzi mayibe mifutshane (imizuzu emi-5 ukuya kweli-10) yahlulwe inikane izithuba evekini apha. Basenokuyibandakanya nemisebenzi yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha, naleyo yokufunda. Iiveki eyoku-1 ukuya kweyesi-5 • Abazi ubuncinane oonombini bezikhamiso abahlanu • Afunde, abhale amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezifundiweyo, agxininise koonontathu noonone Iiveki eyesi-6 ukuya kweye-10 • Anakane iifamili zamagama ezinzima • Anakane asebenzise izimamva ezithile • Afunde, abhale amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezifundiweyo, agxininise koonontathu noonone Ukufunda notitshala (Ixesha labiwe phantsi kokuPhulaphula nokuThetha) Ufunda notitshala ngumsebenzi wokufunda nokuphulaphula; ukwachaphazela nokuthetha kuba abafundi bayathetha notitshala ngetekisi. KwiBanga lesi-3, ukuFunda noTitshala kuya kuqhuba, kodwa njengenxalenye yokuPhulaphula nokuThetha • Afunde itekisi emfutshane ebhaliweyo notitshala kwiNcwadi eNkulu okanye itekisi eyandisiweyo, esebenzisa isihloko ukuqikelela • Aphendule imibuzo elula ngebali • Achaze ukuba ibali limenze waziva njani na, etshintsha-tshintsha iilwimi ukuba kuyimfuneko Ukufunda beliQela noTitshala (Elona lincinane imizuzu engama- 45, elona lininzi iyure e-1 nemizuzum eli-15) Apho ootitshala basebenzisa elona xesha lininzi kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, baya kuyahlula iklasi ibe ngamaqela ama-5 alinganayo ngomgangatho wokufunda. Mabasebenzise inkqubo yokufunda ehleliweyo, baze baqinisekise ukuba iqela ngalinye lisebenza ngeetekisi ezisemgangathweni wokufunda, ube umyinge wokunakana amagama ngokuchanekileyo uphakathi kwamashumi alithoba ukuya kwalithoba aneihlanu ekhulwini (90 - 95%). Utitshala makasebenze neqela elinye usuku ngalunye imizuzu eli-15. Eli xesha asebenza neli qela, abanye abafundi baya kufunda ngababini okanye ngabanye okanye benze imisebenzi enxulumene netekisi efundwayo. Apho ootitshala basebenzisa elona xesha lincinane kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, mabaqhube ufundo notitshala lweklasi yonke kathathu ngeveki. • Afunde ngokuvakalayo incwadi kufundo olukhokelwayo notitshala. Loo nto ithethe ukuthi lonke iqela lifunda ibali elinye okanye itekisi enye notitshala • Asebenzise iindlela ezingamaqhinga okufunda ezifundiswe kuLwimi lwaseKhaya ukuze kubekho into evakalayo azilungise neziphoso xa efunda (izandi iingqiqo zikhokelo, ukuhlalutywa kwesakhiwo, amagama aqhelekileyo • Afunde ngokungathintilizi nokuvakalelwa • Abonise ukuziqonda iziphumlisi xa efunda ngokuvakalyo • Aqhube esakha isigama samagama aqhelekileyo kufundo olukhokelweyo, kunye notitshala nayedwa 88 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Ukufunda uwedwa (ngexesha abafundi bengenzi nto esikolweni nasekhaya) Abafundi mabakhuthazwe bazifundule ngokwabo kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo, xa benexesha lokungenzi nto eklasini, umzekelo, ukuba utitshala usebenza neqela elikhokelwa ekufundeni, okanye xa bethe bawugqiba umsebenzi phambi kwexesha. Kubalulekile ukuba onke amathuba afumanekayo eklasi asetyenziswe ukuphuhlisa ukufunda. Abafundi mabakhuthazwe ukuba bafunde ekhaya njengomsebenzi wasekhaya • Afunde akubhalileyo nokubhalwe ngabanye • Azifundele iincwadi ezifundwa kwiindibano zofundo ngokhokelo, kwakunye neencwadi zezihloko ezilula neencwadi zamabali ezinemifanekiso kulwimi lokuqala oloNgezelelweyo kwiikona zokufunda eklasini • Afunde imibongo nezicengelezo eziqhelekileyo • Asebenzise izichazi-magama ezinemifanekiso zabafundi (ezilwimi nye nezilwimi mbini), bafumane iintsingiselo zamagama abangawaziyo UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Izandi: (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo okanye ezibhalwayo) • Afunde, abhale amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezifundiweyo, agxininise koonontathu noonone • Anakane iifamili zamagama ezinobunzima Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni umsebenzi wesi- 6: Izandi: (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo okanye ezibhalwayo) • Anakane asebenzise izimamva • Afunde, abhale amagama nezivakalisi esebenzisa izandi ezifundiweyo, agxininise koonontathu noonone Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Ukufunda: (ezomlomo okanye ezenziwayo) Ukufunda notitshala • Aphendule imibuzo yomlomo emifutshane yetekisi • Abalise inxalenye yebali eliphinda encediswa ngutitshala Ukufunda bengamaqela notitshala • Abonise ukuqonda nokuqhabalaka xa efunda kumgangatho wakhe encedwa ngutitshala Umsebenzi wokuHlola ukuseSikweni wesi-6 Ukufunda (ezomlomo okanye ezenziweyo) Ukufunda notitshala • Aphendule imibuzo elula ngebali okanye itekisi eyinyani, umzekelo ‘Yintoni ebaleka kakhulu kukho inqwelomoya nololiwe?’ Ukufunda beliqelq notitshala • Abonise ukuqonda nokuqhabalaka xa efunda kumgangatho wakhe encediswa ngutitshala Ukufunda ngababini nayedwa • Abonise ukuqonda nokuchebeleza xa ezifundela eyedwa CAPS 89
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IKOTA 4 UKUBHALA IXESHA LOKUFUNDISA ELICETYIWEYO UKUSETYENZISWA KOLWIMI Ukubhala: Elona xesha lincinane : imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki Elona xesha lininzi: iyure e-1 ngeveki Ukusetyenziswa kulwimi: imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki UMXHOLO/IINGQIQO/IZAKHONO Imisebenzi yokubhala (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Umsebenzi wokubhala omnye okanye emibini ngeveki apho ixesha elininzi lisetyenziswayo, ube mnye apho kusetyenziswa elona xesha lincinane Kuya kufuneka ukuba utitshala azise uhlobo olulandelayo -ukubhala ibali. Kuya kufuneka abafundi benikwe inkxaso enkulu, utitshala aqalise ukubhala ibali ekunye neklasi. Okokuqala utitshala ubalisela abafundi ibali abasele belazi abafundi. Aze utitshala ababuze abafundi ukuba ngoobani na abalinganiswa, indawo elenzeka kuyo ibali nokuba kwenzeka ntoni na ebalini. Ubabuza ukuba kusetyenziswe liphi na ixesha ebalini. Andule ukucela iklasi ukuba bacinge ngabalinganiswa abaza kubasebenzisa kwawabo amabali, bagqibe nangendawo elenzeka kuyo ibali nento eyenzeka ebalini. Abafundi baxonxa ibali bencediswa ngutitshala, othi yena abhale ebhodini. Akuba utitshala egqibile, ucela abafundi abahluka-hlukileyo ukuba bafunde ibali ngokuvakalayo. Abafundi bangakhuphela ibali kwiincwadi zabo zomsebenzi. • Asebenzise izakhono zokubhala ngesandla ezifundiwe kuLwimi lwaseKhaya • Abhale izintlu ezinezihloko eziya ziba nzima, umzekelo, Iindidi zothutho ezahlukileyo, ibhayisekile,imoto, uloliweieksi • Abhale umhlathi omigca mi- 5 ukuya kwesi-8 ngesihloko esiqhelekileyo • Alungelelanise iinkcukacha kwitshati, itheyibhile okanye ibha-grafu • Abhale iziganeko zobom bomntu, • Ekunye notitshala, abhale ibali elilula akugqiba alikhuphele (Ukubhala notitshala) • Asebenzise inkqubo yokubhala, alandelelanise, (ukuyile, ukubhala, ukuhlela nokupapasha) • Asebenzise iziphumlisi ezisele zifundisiwe kuLwimi lwaseKhaya, umzekelo,izingxi, iikoma,iimpawu zokubuza, iimpawu zokukhuza neempawu zokucaphula • Apele amagama aqhelekileyo ngokuchanekileyo, abuye azame ukupela lawo angaqhelekanga esebenzisa ulwazi lwezandi • Asebenzise ixesha eladlulayo ngokuchanekileyo • Akhe ibhanki yakhe yesigama nesichazi-magama • Asebenzise izichazi-magama zabafundi (ezilwimi nye nezilwimi mbini) Imisebenzi yokusetyenziswa koLwimi (imizuzu engama-30 ngeveki) Kule misebenzi abafundi baqalisa ukugxininisa kwiukusetyenziswa kolwimi esetyenzisiweyo.Kumelwe ukuba iukusetyenziswa kolwimi ifundiswe ngokusemxholweni. • Aqonde asebenzise ixesha elizayo, umzekelo, ‘ Ndiza kuhamba ngomso’ • Aqonde asebenzise izichazi . • Ahlaziye inxalenye yeukusetyenziswa kolwimi efundiswe ngokungekho sesikweni kwiBanga labaQalayo (R) ukuya kwelesi-2 90 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 UKUHLOLA Iingcebiso ngemiSebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Ukubhala: (ukubhala) • Abhale ibali elilula exhaswa ngutitshala • Asebenzise inkqubo yokubhala (ukuyila, ukubhala,ukuhlela nokupapasha) Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni : 6 Ukubhala: (ukubhala) • Abhale imihlathi emigca mi-4 ukuya kwemi-6 ngesihloko esiqhelekileyo Iingcebiso ngemisebenzi yokuHlola okungekho seSikweni: Ukusetyenziswa koLwimi: (okubhalwayo) • Agqibezele izivakalisi esebenzisa izichazi Umsebenzi wokuHlola okuseSikweni : 6 Ukusetyenziswa koLwimi: (okubhalwayo) • Abhale izivakalisi ezinentsingselo esebanzisa izichazi CAPS 91
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IITEKISI EZINOKUSETYENZISWA / OOVIMBA BOLWAZI: UKUPHULAPHULA NOKUTHETHA • Imifanekiso neepowusta • Izinto ezinxulumene nezihloko nemixholo ethile, iiphaphethi, iimaskhi, njalo njalo • Imifanekiso eza kulandelelaniswa (pictures to sequence) • Iikhostyum ezenziweyo ukulungiselela ukulinganisa (role play) nokwenza (acting out) amabali • IiCD okanye iiteyiphu ezimanyelwayo ezinamabali (afundwayo okanye abaliswayo), imibongo, izicengcelezo neengoma, isidlali seeCD okanye isishicileli seteyiphu (tape recorder) umabonwakude neeteyiphu zevidiyo/iiDVD • Iincwadi zamabali namabali abaliswa ngomlomo • Imibongo, iingoma nezicengcelezo • Imidlalo yolwimi (eyenziwa ngomlomo) UKUFUNDA NEZANDI • Imifanekiso neepowusta • IiNcwadi eziNkulu - zamabali aqwetyiweyo nayinyani • Uluhlu lweencwadi ekucetyiswa ukuba zifundwe (amabali asi-7 -10) • Ezinye iitekisi ezandisiweyo (imibongo, iingoma, izicengcelezo, njalo njalo) • Iincwadi ezinemifanekiso eneengcaciso ezibhalwe phantsi kwazo (caption books) • Iincwadi ‘zokuzonwabisa’ ezimfutshane ezinesivakalisi esi-1 - 2 kwiphepha ngalinye, ezilungiselelwe ikona yokufundela • Oonotsheluza (flash card labels) bezinto eziseklasini, izinto ezibonisiweyo namagama abonwa rhoqo • Iitshathi zealfabhethi • Izinto zokukhomba eziza kusetyenziswa xa kufundwa iitekisi ezandisiweyo, amabali odonga (aseludongeni), izinto ezibonisiweyo • Izichazi-magama zabafundi (ezinolwimi olunye nezineelwimi ezimbini) UKUBHALA NOKUBHALA NGESANDLA • Izixhobo zokubhala ezifana neepensile, iipensile ezinemibala, iikhrayoni ezibukhandlelarha (wax crayons), iphepha elingabhalwanga elibubukhulu ngobukhulu (A3, A4, A5), irula, irabha, iincwadi zokubhalela ezingabhalwanga • Iifliphutshathi neeKhokhi ezibhala ngqindilili 92 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 AMAGAMA ASETYENZISWA RHOQO Apha ngezantsi luluhlu lwamagama asetyenziswa rhoqo afumaneka kwiincwadi zamabali abafundi. Amanye ala magama abonisa iintlobo zezihloko ezifumaneka kwiincwadi zabafundi (umz. umvundla, umthi). Kuba amabali ebaliswa ngexesha elidlulileyo, izenzi zidla ngokuvela zikwixesha elidlulileyo. Olu luhlu lufakelwe ukuncedisa utitshala ekuqondeni isigama esingundoqo ekufuneka abafundi benaso kulwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo. La magama baya kuwafumana ngokuphulaphula nokuthetha isiXhosa, yaye baya kuwenza abe yinxalenye yesigama sabo abasisebenzisayo ngokuwathetha nokuwabhala. La magama makangafundiswa ngokungekho mxholweni. Amagama afundwa ngabafundi kwiiklasi zoLwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo lokuQala akayi kufana ncam nala adweliswe apha ngezantsi. Amagama abawafundayo aya kuxhomekeka kwizihloko azisebenzisayo utitshala kunye neencwadi azifunda nabafundi. Kuba ulwimi oloNgezelelweyo lufundwa ngokuphulaphula nangokufunda, kulindeleleke ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwexesha elidlulileyo. Icandelo 3: Amagama asetyenziswa rhoqo umva phantsi lila thatha kum ewe usisi bini yena vala amehlo yona hayi umama utata umlomo kunye naye nabo nye qala zonke thina mna wena intloko bona isandla hlala vula isisu ngena phuma ninzi khulu ingalo emva phambili khwela pheza phezulu yima misa hambisa hleka indlebe hambile hleli goduka beka unyawo susa suka ncuma ixesha yona kubo kuye iminwe yam bam zam kwam kwakhe kwabo kwazo igama amagama isisu intloko nceda phandle endlwini ngoku phakamisa utata umntu umfundi ibhola esikolweni nguye ndim nguwe ndathi yathi zathi bathi lathi athi ndim nguwe nguye ngabo bonke bodwa buza yeka yiza nayo naye nantsi le leyo umvundla esi isitya sam kakhulu kodwa kuba CAPS 93
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Kweli phepha lilandelayo ngamagama asetyenziswa kakhudlwana Olu luhlu sisikhokelo nje. Ootitshala kufuneka bawagcine amagama abakwaziyo ukuweva nokuwafunda abafundi. Bakuba abafundi bekwazi ukufunda ngolwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo, utsitshala angaqala uDonga lwamaGama esiXhosa eklasini, akhuthaze abafundi ukuba basebenzise izichazi-magama zabafundi ezilula. Bakuba abafundi bekwazi ukubhala, utitshala angabakhuthazela ukuba babhale amagama amatsha abadibana nawo kwizichazi- magama (okanye iincwadi zesigama) zabo. Angamana ebanika isigama esiqhelekileyo ebabizela nokubabizela. Amagama aqhelekileyo alandelayo amanzi ibhere khangela fumana dibana kude andikwazi enye ekuqaleni yithi kuhle phinda kwakhona inkwenkwe kwangoko ndifuna ikati ngqukuva izilwanyana ebusuku ngaphaya ende umthi zange umbalisi njani izinto umlingo elandelayo encinci omncinci entsha endala kuqala imoto indoda ekuqaleni kowabo umsebenzi emsebenzini phindela efuna nabanye abaninzi thathu phi yitya ukutya biza intloko bobabini ehlathini udyakalashe phandle inkosi okanye yethu mhlawumbi usana edolophini thathile kabini indlela intlanzi abanye thethisa qumbile ngoko nika buyisa cinga impuku zonke ezinye abanye ikhaya ukudlala kufuneka ethile egadini ngubani mhlophe bomvu ebhedini khawuleza cotha lumka wacinga waqonda walila wahleka inja ekunene ekhohlo abaninzi ndiyazi kangaka ulwandle hlekisa funisa 94 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 ICANDELO 4: IINTLOBO ZEETEKISI EZENZIWA KWISIGABA ESISISISEKO KwisiGaba esisisiSeko, abafundi baya kuphulaphula ezi ntlobo zeetekisi zilandelayo: • amabalana abalisa ngezinto ezibehleleyo • iindlela zokwenza izinto (imiyalelo) • iingxelo zeenkcukacha • (amabali) abalisayo KwiBanga lesi-3 kuya kulindeleka ukuba banike amabalana abalisa ngabo okanye imiyalelo elula. Njengokuba beqala ukufunda nokubhala ngolwimi lwabo oloNgezelelweyo, abafundi baya kufunda amabali, amabalana, imiyalelo neengxelo zeenkcukacha ezilula. KwiBanga lesi-3, baya kubhala amabalana, imiyalelo namabali bencediswa ngutitshala. KuLwimi lokuQala oloNgezelelweyo kucetyiswa ukuba kungafundiswa ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elidlulileyo ekuqaleni kweBanga loku-1, ukuze bawabalise kwixesha langoku amabalana abo. Apha ngezantsi yimizekelo yeentlobo zeetekisi ezisetyenziswa kwisiGaba esisisiSeko. AMABALANA AMALUNGA NAYE Umzekelo Isakhiwo neempawu Usuku lokufunda lwesikolo sethu 1. Izihloko Kule veki iphelileyo besinoSuku lokuFunda esikolweni sethu. Ukwazisa ibali: sixelele ukuba Beluseholweni yesikolo. - kwenzeke ntoni Kuqale kwacula abafundi beBanga R. Wonke umntu uye - yenzeke nini? wabaqhwabela izandla. - isenziwa ngubani? Emva koko kuye kwafunda abafundi beBanga loku-1. Nabo baye baqhwatyelwa ngumntu wonke. 2. Uluhlu lwezehlo Kuye kwalandela abafundi beBanga lesi-2 abenze umdlalo. ngokokulandelelana kwazo Ubuhlekisa. Wonke umntu uye wahleka. Izihlanganisi ezibonakalisa ixesha Kugqibele abafundi abathile besi-3 abaye bafunda amabali. Ekuqaleni, emva koko, kwaza, ekugqibeleni Wonke umntu uye wabaqhwabela izandla. Ixesha elidlulileyo Kulandele inqununu eye yanika amabhaso. Kuphinde kwaqhwatywa ngumntu wonke. uye, kwacula, kwaqhwatywa Ekugqibeleni sonke siye sanikwa isiselo namaqebengwana. 3. Uluvo lwakhe Ibilolona xesha limnandi! Ivala itekisi CAPS 95
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IBALANA ELIYINYANI Umzekelo Isakhiwo neempawu Ukutyala imbotyi 1. Isihloko Iklasi yethu ityale iimbotyi ngomhla wesi-3 kuSeptemba. 2. Ukwaziswa kwebali: Siye sazibukela zikhula. Kuphendula imibuzo ethi: Siqale ngokutyala iimbotyi ezintlanu. Imbotyi nganye siyityale Ngubani? Wenze ntoni? Nini? eglasini ukwenzela ukuba siyibukele xa ikhula. 3. Uluhlu lwezehlo Siye sogquma imbotyi nganye ngomhlaba ngokokulandelelana kwazo sayinkcenkceshela. Izihlanganisi ezibonakalisa ixesha Iqela lethu liye lajongana nembotyi enye. Emva kweveki, Siqale, emva koko siye sabona ingcambu encinane. Iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo zexesha Emva kweeveki ezimbini, ingcambu ibinkudlwana. Ngomhla wesi-5 kuNovemba Siye sabona nesiqwana. Amagama anxulumene nomxholo Emva kweeveki ezintantu, esi siqwana siye saphumela ngaphezu komhlaba. Besinamagqabi aluhlaza. Ngomhla ingcambu, isiqwana, isingxotyana wama-26 kuSeptemba isityalo sembotyi sisifake etotini. 4. Isiphumo Emva kweeveki ezisibhozo, esi sityalo besinobude obuyi- sivala itekisi 20cm. Besinamagqabi alishumi. Ngomhla wesi-5 kuNovemba, imbotyi yethu siye sayityala egadini yesikolo. Iye yaphuma iintyatyambo ezininzi. Iintyatyambo ziye zafa saza sabona izingxotyana ezincinane. Izingxotyana zeembotyi ziye zaya zikhula ngokukhula. Bekukho iimbotyi ngaphakathi. Besinokuzityala ezi mbotyi kukhule isityalo esitsha. IINDLELA ZOKWENZA IZINTO (IMIYALELO) Umzekelo Isakhiwo neempawu Indlela yokwenza isangweji yebhotolo yamantongomane 1. Isihloko (peanut butter) Ucacisa injongo yemiyalelo Uya kufuna: 2. Izinto zokwenza - Izilayi ezibini zesonka Kucaciswa izinto eziza kufuneka. Kungasetyenziswa - ibhotolo yamantongomane iimbumbulwana (bullets). - imajarini okanye ibhotolo 3. Indlela yokwenza - imela Umyalelo ngamnye uqala kumgca omtsha yaye uyanonjolwa (ubekwa inombolo) - ipleyiti Iziyaleli (commands) Indlela yokwenza Qaba, dibanisa, ncamathelanisa, sika, yitya 1. Qaba imajarini okanye ibhotolo kwisilayi ngasinye sesonka. (Izivakalisi ezininzi ziqala ngesenzi) 2. Qaba ibhotolo yamantongomane kwesinye isilayi. Imiyalelo engqalileyo 3. Dibanisa ezi zilayi zibini. Zincamathelanise ungaxinzeleli 4. Zincamathelanise ungaxinzeleli. 5. Sika isangweji yakho phakathi. 6. Yitya isangweji yakho! 96 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 IINGXELO ZEENKCUKACHA Umzekelo Isakhiwo neempawu Iinyoka 1. Isihloko Iinyoka zizilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo. Zonke izilwanyana 2. Intetho ephangaleleyo (general statement) ezirhubuluzayo zinamaxolo ezikhumbeni zazo. Idla ngokuba yinkcazelo Izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo azikwazi ukubulawula Isihloko sohlulwa ngokodidi (classified) ubushushu bemizimba yazo. Ubushushu bemizimba yazo Iinyoka zifakwa phantsi kodidi lwezilwanyana buyafana nobendawo ezihleli kuyo. Zibizwa ngokuba ezirhubuluzayo zinegazi elibandayo, kodwa emva kokuba isilwanyana Amagama anxulumene nomxholo esirhubuluzayo siye sagcakamela ilanga ixesha elide, isilwanyana esirhubuluzayo, ubushushu umzimba waso uba shushu. Izinto zicaciswa ngokuphangaleleyo Zonke izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo zizalela amaqanda. izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, iinyoka Iintlobo zeenyoka 3. Iinyani Iintlobo ezimbini zeenyoka liphimpi / unobiya nerhamba. zibekwa ngokwemihlathi, umz. ukuba zinjani, zitya ntoni Amaphimbi/oonobiya ayelo/aqanda okanye amdaka aze Ixesha langoku (imo emfutshane amaxesha amaninzi) abe nebala elimnyama eliyipateni engu-v. Angamade zitya, azibulala kangangemitha. Izivakalisi zidla ngokuqala ngamagama ayintloko Amarhamba makhulu kunamaphimpi/oonobiya. Anombala Amarhamba ... omdaka bukhrim onepateni emdaka. Angamade Amaphimpi/oonobiya ... kangangeemitha ezintlanu. Amaphimpi/oonobiya atya amabuzi neempuku. Ezi zilwanyana azibulala ngetyhefu yabo enobuhlungu. Amarhamba atya izilwanyana ezikhudlwana ezifana nemifudla neembabala ezincinane. Azibulala ngokuzikhama ezi zilwanyana. UKUBALISA (IBALI) Isakhiwo neempawu 1. Isihloko 2. Ukwaziswa kwebali Kwaziswa abalinganiswa nesimo sentlalo (indawo nexesha) 3. Izehlo ezikhokelela kwingxaki Ixesha langoku (imo emfutshane amaxesha amaninzi) Izihlanganisi ezibhekise kwixesha Kudala, Kudala-dala, ngenye imini, ekugqibeleni-phela-phela ngabali / ngantsomi Incoko yababini: umz. Sasa: “Uyaphi, Lizo?” Lizo: “Ndiya edolophini” njalo-njalo Ulwimi olusetyenziselwa ukuvuselela uvakalelo lomfundi umz. yee dyumpu! (izifanekisozwi, izikhuzo) 4. Isisombululo nesiphelo CAPS 97
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 Uluhlu lwamagama ukuhlola (assessment) - inkqubo ecwangcisiweyo neqhubekayo yokuqokelela ulwazi malunga nokusebenza komfundi, nokuba yenziwa ngokusesikweni okanye ngokungekho sesikweni. ukuhlola okusisiseko (baseline assessment) - ukuhlola kokuqala okwenzelwa ukufumana ukuba sele esazi ntoni umfundi. UkuHlola koNyaka kukaZwelonke (i-Annual National Assessment - ANA) kuya kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwekota yokuqala kuwo onke amabanga yaye iya kuba kukuhlola okusisiseko. ukuhlola okuqhubekayo (continuous assessment) - ukuhlola okuyinxalenye yokufundisa nokukhuliswa kwabafundi ngokusoloko benikwa ingxelo ngomsebenzi wabo. ukubhala ngokudibanisa (cursive writing) - indlela yokubhala ngesandla eyenziwa ngokubhala amagama ungakhange uluphakamise usiba (pen) okanye ipensile. Kuya kuphuma itekisi edibeneyo enoonobumba abenzeke kuloo ndawo luphakanyiswe kuyo usiba okanye ipensile. ilitheresi ekhulayo (emergent literacy) - luthetha ulwazi lwabafundi olukhulayo malunga namagama. Abafundi babona amagama abhaliweyo baze bawaqonde ukuba athetha ukuthini. Bafunda ngeencwadi namabali befundelwa ngabantu abadala okanye abafundi abadala kunabo. Basenokuqala ukuzama ukubhala amagama abo besebenzisa iindlela abacinga ukuba apelwa ngazo (upelo oluyiliweyo okanye upelo olukhulayo) yaye basenokuqala ukulinganisa ukufunda iincwadi. Zonke ezi zenzo zibonisa ukukhula kolwazi lwabo lwelitheresi - ilitheresi ekhulayo. itekisi ezotyiweyo (graphic text) - itekisi apho ulwazi lungohlobo olubonwayo umz. imizobo, iigrafu, njalo-njalo. ukufunda okuncediswayo (guided reading) - lithuba lokufunda kweqela apho abafundi bakwinqanaba elinye lokufundiswa aze utitshala ababonise indlela yokufunda ukwenzela ukuba bona baye bengenelela befunda ngokwabo. ukubhala okuncediswayo (guided writing) - kulapho umfundi ngamnye okanye amaqela amancinci abafundi abhala uluhlu lweentlobo zeetekisi emva kokuba utitshala ebanike isikhokelwana malunga nokubhala umz. ifomathi, ukuphawulwa kwentetho (ngeekhoma, izingxi, njalo-njalo), iukusetyenziswa kolwimi okanye upelo. ukuprinta okudityaniswayo (joint script) - luhlobo lokudibanisa olusekelwe kuhlobo oluthile lwendlela yokubhala (script) engadibanisiyo, olwenzeka ngokuba amagama amaninzi adityaniswe ngenjongo yokukhawulezisa ukubhala. isandi (phoneme) - izandi ezizimeleyo zolwimi (umz. ‘t’, ‘th’, ‘ty’, ‘dy’) Igama u-‘apha’ lineefonimi ezintathu ezizezi: ‘a’ ‘ph’ ‘a’. ulwazi lwezandi (phonemic awareness) - ukukwazi ukwahlula izandi ezahlukeneyo zolwimi. izandi zopelo (phonics) - ubudlelwane phakathi kwezandi nendlela ezipelwa ngayo. Izandi zopelo zisetyenziswa ekufundeni nasekubhaleni. ulwazi lwezandi (phonological awareness) - ukukwazi ukuqwalasela izandi zolwimi uzahlula kwintsingiselo yazo. isingqi (rhyme) - amagama okanye imiqolo yombongo ephela ngesandi esinye (umz. hlamba, hamba, thamba). ukufunda notitshala (shared reading) - umsebenzi apho abafundi bafunda kunye notitshala kwitekisi eyandisiweyo yaba nkulu. Esi sisifundo seklasi yonke. Le tekisi isetyenziswayo ijoliswe kwelona qela liqhuba kakuhle apha eklasini. Abanye abafundi baya kuphulaphula, abanye baqale kancinci ukufunda ngelixa abaninzi beya kube befunda ngokupheleleyo. Le tekisi inye isetyenziswa iintsuku ezininzi. Utitshala ujonga indawo ekuza kugxilwa kuyo ngosuku 98 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 ngalunye. Itekisi le isetyenziselwa ukwazisa ngokusemxholweni iimpawu zetekisi, izandi, iukusetyenziswa kolwimi nezakhono zokufunda. amagama abonakala lula (sight words) - ngamagama umntu ofundayo awaqonda ngokuzenzekelayo (xa ewabona). Akukho mfuneko yokuba ade acazululwe. Xa esafundiswa ukufunda umfundi amagama aqondeka lula adla ngokuxhaphaka okanye amagama ‘asetyenziswa kakhulu’ afana nala: ‘umama’ ‘usisi’. CAPS 99
INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA YEBANGA 1-3 100 INKCAZELO YEPOLISI YEKHARITYHULAM NOKUHLOLA