Gr10 Isindebele Gr10 Study Guide LR

Via Afrika IGreyidi ye-10 Incwadi katitjhere Njengotitjhere, ayikho into engunongorwana IsiNdebele Ilimi omkhulu njengangesikhathi uthokozwa mfundi. Lokho kuyakukhuthaza kukufakele umoya namandla Lekhaya wokwenza okunengi. IGreyidi ye-10 Study Guide — Siyabonga Gwexe, Utitjhere M. Jiane, E.T. Mampokoro, P.J. Masilela, J. Mahlangu, C.P. Mabena I-Via Afrika iyakuzwisisa, ikuthathela phezulu begodu isekela umsebenzi wakho njengotitjhere. Unomsebenzi oqakatheke Via Afrika IsiNdebele Ilimi Lekhaya khulu kezefundo, begodu siyabona bonyana imisebenzakho ibandakanya okunengi kunokufundisa nje kwaphela. Sisebenze ngokuzikhandla ukubulunga isikhathi sakho nokwenza ipilo yakho ibe lula, begodu siyazikhakhazisa ngokukghona ukukusiza bona ufundise ngepumelelo isifundwesi. Nanzi ezinye zezinto esizenzileko ukukusiza kilekhosi etja tjha: 1. Umlandelande utlolelwe bona ukhambisane ne-CAPS (Isitatimende Somgomo WeKharikhyulamu YeliZweloke WokuHlola). Qala ekhasini 4 ukubona bonyana iindingo ze-CAPS zifezwe bunjani. 2. Itjhejuli yomsebenzi ohlongozweko ufakiwe. Qala ekhasini 30 ukubona bonyana lokhu kungakubulungela isikhathi esingangani. 3. Isihloko esinye nesinye sithoma ngehlathululo yalokho okufundiswako neentlabagelo ezidingekako. Qala ekhasini 47 ukuthola bonyana lokhu kuzokusiza bunjani nawuhlelako. 4. Isiyeleliso sokwethulwa kwemiqondo nokufunda ngokusizwa kunikelwe kesinye nesinye isihloko. Qala isibonelo ekhasini 49. 5. Zoke iimpendulo sewunikelwe zona ukuze sikubulungele isikhathi nawuzenzela imisebenzi ngokwakho. Qala isibonelo ekhasini 113. 6. Godu sifake ne-CD ezele ngeentlabagelo ezizokusiza ekufundiseni nekuhloleni kwakho. Qala ngaphakathi kwekhavara yangaphambili. Incwadi yomfundi engumkhambisani, uzokuthola koke okumumethweko ekulindeleke bonyana abafundi bakho bakwazi kuhle. Incwadi yomfundi itloleke ngelimi elilula ukwenzela bonyana abafundi bafunde lula. Idizayini nokwendlaleka kwayo kuyakarisa begodu kwenza ukufundisa kwakho kunganyamisi. Singathanda ukuzwa umbono wakho. Kungani ungasitjeli bona kwenzekani ngokusithumela i-imeyili ku: isindebele@viaafrika.com? Namkha, ungavakatjhela iforamu yethu yabotitjhere ku: www.viaafrika.com. Language: IsiNdebele www.viaafrika.com

M. Jiane • E.T. Mampokoro • P.J. Masilela Study Guide Via Afrika IsiNdebele Ilimi lekhaya IGreyisi yesi-10

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Okumumethweko Isahluko 1..............................................................................................................2 Ukulalela nokukhuluma. .................................................................................. 2 1 Ikambiso yokulalela.................................................................................... 2 2 Ukulungiselela ukulalela. ........................................................................... 2 3 Ukulalela................................................................................................... 2 4 Ngemva kokulalela..................................................................................... 2 5 Izinto ezingalalelwa.................................................................................... 2 6 Indlela yolulalela ukuzwisisa. ..................................................................... 2 7 Ukukhuluma............................................................................................... 3 Isahluko 2............................................................................................................ 10 Ukufunda nokubukela.....................................................................................10 1 Khuyini ukufunda. .....................................................................................10 2 Iindlela zokufunda.....................................................................................10 3 Amatheksti atlolwayo................................................................................ 11 Isahluko 3............................................................................................................ 25 Ukutlola nokwethula.......................................................................................25 1 Iindlela zokuthuthukisa ukutlola. ...............................................................25 2 Ukuzilungiselela ukutlola indaba/i-eseyi................................................... 26 3 I-eseyi ecocako. ........................................................................................27 4 I-eseyi ehlathulako....................................................................................27 5 I-eseyi ephikisako. ................................................................................... 28 6 Imithetho yelini. ...................................................................................... 30 Isahluko 4............................................................................................................ 33 Isihonelo sokuhlolwo......................................................................................33

Lotjhani bafundi Le yincwadi ehle khulu YESIFUNDO sika Greyidi ye-11 engeze wayiFumana kuphi nakuphi. Lokhu ngokhunye okuzokuluma indlebe ekwenzeni bona umnyaka lo ube ngomnandi. Khumbula-ke, ukufunda okuhle nokunesendlalelo esihle kanengi ngokuthoma ngekumbeni yokufundela: Yenza bona uhlala wenza nakhu okulandelako: OO Lalela bewujiye nangomkhumbulo. OO Tjheja: uqalisise kuhle bona kwenzekani. OO Yenza amanothi azakusiza bona ukhumbule lokho okufundako. OO Buza imibuzo ukwenzelela isiqiniseko bona uyazwisisa. Iinyeleliso zokufunda OO Zibekele i-iri elilodwa ebusuku qobe yiveke njengesikhathi sokufunda singezeleleke esikhathini semisebenzi yekhaya. OO Thatha isiqunto sokobana isikhathi sakho sokufunda esiqakathekileko bona kufuze sibe nini. Abanye abafundi bafunda ngcono ekuseni nofana ngamasa, abanye bafunde ngcono ntambama nofana ebusuku. OO Gcina isikhathi sakho sokufunda/lusa isikhathi sakho sokufunda. OO Isikhathi sokufunda asiqalelelwe phambili kunokhunye-siyinto eqakatheke khulu epilwenakho esikolweni. OO Fumana indawo ethulileko yokufundela. (Linga bona ufunyane ikumba yokufundela ethulileko esesikolweni nofana ilayibhurari yomphakathi nakukghonekako) OO Khetha abalingani abazimisele ukwenza imisebenzabo kuhle. Ikambiso eqakatheke khulu ekufuze ilandelwe nawuzakuphumelela 1 Imisebenzakho yekhaya ayihlale isenziwa qobe malanga. 2 Ungasaleli ngemva. 3 Funda malanga woke. 4 Idla ukudla okunepilo, lala pheze ama-iri abunane ubusuku obunye nobunye. 5 Yenza isiqiniseko sokobana uyazwisisa njengoba uragela phambili. 6 Yenza njenga nje! 7 Ungapheli ithemba ukufunda kuba lula msinyana lokha nawuzijwayeza ukukwenza. Akube litjhudu! Abatloli Via Afrika » Lotjhani bafundi 1

Isahluko 1 Ukulalela nokukhuluma Ukukhuluma nokulalela ziindlela zokuthintana ezenzeka ebujameni obuthileko ngokweminqopho nabamukelilwazi abahlukahlukeneko. Ukulalela nokukhuluma kuzizinto eziqakathekileko ekufundeni zoke iimfundo. Ngokusebenzisa amakghono anesithintela esihle ekulaleleni nekukhulumeni, abafundi bakghona ukubuthelela nokuhlanganisa ilwazi kuhle, babumbe ilwazi, bararulule imiraro bebakghone ukuveza yabo imibono nemiqondo abanayo. 1 Ikambiso yokulalela Nakulalelwako kutjhejwa izinto ezilandelako: 2 Ukulungiselela ukulalela Ubujamo lapho ulalela khona. Iba nekareko lokulalela. Lungiselela ilwazimagama. Funisela okuyokukhulunyw ngakho. Zalisela ilwazi lakho elikhon. Yakha ilwazi langaphambili. Funa ukwazi umnqopho wokulalela. 3 Ukulalela Lalela ngelihlo lokuhlaba. Zwisisa umlayezo. Lalelisisa okhulumako. Hlanganis ilwazi ngokomkhumbulo. Funa ihlathululo. Buza imibuzo. Hlaziya lokho okulaleleko. 4 Ngemva kokulalela OO Buza imibuzo. OO Khulumani ngalokho isikhulumi esikhulume ngakho. OO Hlaziyani ngelihlo lokuhlaba lokho enikuzwileko OO Buyelela nitjho lokho okwethuliweko. 5 Izinto ezingalalelwa OO Umrhatjho OO Umabonakude OO Iinganekwane OO Utitjhere ngekumbeni 6 Indlela yokulalelela ukuzwisisa OO Uhlala uthule. OO Uqala okhulumako ngemehlweni. OO Utlola amaphuzu aqakathekileko phasi. OO Uhlala kuhle ungatjeki. OO Uthula du! 2 Via Afrika » Ukulalela nokukhuluma

Isahluko 1 7 Ukukhuluma Kuyini ukukhuluma? Yindlela abantu abaphana ngayo ilwazi ngokusebenzisa umlomo. Ukukhuluma kuvezwa ngeendlela ezilandelako a Ikulumo elungiselelweko. b Ikulumo engakalungiselelwa. c Ikulumo-pendulwano. d Ikulumo-pikiswano. e I-inthaviyu a Ikulumo elungiselelweko Iyini ikulumo elungiselelweko? Yikulumo etlolwako yalungiselelwa kusesenesikhathi, emva kobana uyilungiselele bese uyayethula ngomlomo. Isakhiwosekulumo elungiselelweko OO Kumele ibe nesihloko, akube sihloko osithandako, ube nelwazi laso ube ukholelwe kiso. OO Ezinye zeenhloko kudingeka bona zirhubhululwe. OO Ungakhethi isihloko onganalwazi laso. OO Nawutlolako kumele ihlukaniwe ngesingeniso, umzimba nesiphetho. OO Esingenisweni kumele udose abamukelilwazi. OO Emzimbeni kumele ube nemiqondo eyahlukeneko emine. OO Imiqondo engiyo kumele isekelwe ngokuthi, kokuthoma,kwesibili abonobangela. OO Esiphethweni kulapho uhlanganisa koke ebekade ukhuluma ngakho. OO Sebenzisa ilwazimagama elikhethekileko ngokukhetha amagama akhambelana nesihloko sakho. OO Ilimi alibe ngelangokomthetho, libelula. OO Isitayela nerejista kumele kuqalwe nabamukelilwazi. Ilungiselelwa bunjani? OO Kumele urhubhulule ngesihloko emikhakheni eyahlukeneko yelwazi njengamamagazini, iinhlathululimezwi, ebantwini njalolnjalo ukuze ufumane ilwazi elaneleko. OO Kumele umfundi enze ihlelo (plan) nakazokutlola ikulumakhe OO Kumele umfundi azitlamele ikulumo ngemva kobana anikezwe isihloko. OO Tjheja abamukelilwaz kanye nerejista. OO Kumele kube namaphuzu aliqiniso, ufumane ubuqiniso bawo. Via Afrika » Ukulalela nokukhuluma 3

Isahluko 1 OO Kumele abe nelwazi elikhulu lokusetjenziswa kwelimi. Ukwethulwa OO Kumele umfundi abe namakghono wokwethula ikulumo. OO Kumele abe namakghono wokuzitlamela. OO Kumele umethuli asebenzise iphimbo kuhle. OO Kumele akhulume ngokukhulu ukuzithemba begodu ikulumakhe izwakale. OO Kumele amehlo aqale abamukelilwazi. OO Asebenzise ilimi lomzimba elifaneleko, isibonelo ajame alunge, asebenzise namatshwayo wezandla lapho kudingeka kona ukutjengisa bonyana ikulumo ilungiselelwe. b Ikulumo engakalungiselelwa Iyini ikulumo engakalungiselelwa? Yikulumo ethulwa ingakalungiselelwa ingakatlolwa phasi begodu inagakarhujululwa emikhakheni ehlukahlukeneko kodwana oyithulako kumele azitlamele yona ngesihloko angasinikezwa nanyana ngesakhe isishloko. Isakhiwo sekulumo engakalungiselelwa OO Isihloko uyaphiwa nanyana uzikhathela sakho esisengqondweni. OO Kumele ibe nesakhiwo, isingeniso, umzimba nesiphetho. Ilimi OO Libe ngelangokomthetho. OO Libe lula, libe nehlelo ekungilo OO Kumele kutjhejwe irejista nabamukelilwazi. Okumumethweko OO Kumele kukhambelane nesihloko. OO Kumele amaphuzu alamane ukuze kuzwisiseke lokho okhuluma ngako. OO Kumele kunqophe okukhulunywa ngako. Ukwethulwa OO Yethulwa pheze imizuzu emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu. OO Kumele oyithulako azethembe. OO Kumele abe nekghono lokwethula. OO Kumele asebenzise iphimbo kuhle. OO Amehlwakhe kumele anamathele kubamukelilwazi. 4 Via Afrika » Ukulalela nokukhuluma

Isahluko 1 c Ikulumo-pendulwano Iyini ikulumo-pendulwano? Yikulumo hlangana nabantu ababili abakhuluma ngento ethize nanyana isihloko esithize ekufuze ukuthi ekugcineni kuvunyelwane ngento eyodwa ebe namaphuzu amanengi ukudlula enye. Ikulumo-pendulwano imihlobo emibili: ngetlolwako nekhulunywako. Nayitlolwako iba nalokhu okulandelako: OO kuba nesihloko okuyokukhulunywa ngaso. OO Nesakhiwo nanyana itlolwa ngathi mdlalo. OO Kuba namagama wabantu ababili abakhulumako. OO Amagama wabakhulumako aba ngesandleni sesencele alandelwe yikholoni bese kuyakhulunywa. OO Iba nesingeniso nomzimba nesiphetho. Ukwethulwa kwekulumo-pendulwano OO Kumele umfundi abe nekghono lokutlola ikulumo-pendulwano.. OO Kumele iveze isizinda lapho yenzakala khona. OO Kumele ifundeke izwakale njengaleyo ekhulunywako. Ikulumo-pendulwano ekhulunywako. OO Kumele kube nabantu ababili abakhuluma ngesihloko esithize. OO Kumele kuvele isingeniso nomimba nesiphetho. OO Esiphethweni kumele kuvunyelwane ngalokho ebekukhulunywa ngako. Ilimi OO Kumele libe ngelangokomthetho. OO Abakhulumako kumele babe nelwazi ngokusetjenziswa kwelimi. OO Kumele kutjhejwe irejista nabamukelilwazi. Ukwethulwa OO kumele ithathe imizuzu emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu. OO kumele abe nekghono lokutjhugulula iphimbo lifanele isenzeko akhuluma ngaso. OO abathuli kumele azithembe. OO kumele batjengise ukuhlukana kwemizwa. Via Afrika » Ukulalela nokukhuluma 5

Isahluko 1 d Ikulumo-pikiswano Iyini ikulumo-pikiswano? Yikulumo eba hlangana nabantu ababili ukuya phezulu kuya ngokuthi imhlobo bani, abantu labo baphikisana ngento ethize lapho kumele kuvele imibono izwakale ymahlangothi womabili. Iintlabagelo zekulumo-pikiswano OO Kuba nesihloko ekuphikiswana ngaso. OO Abantu ababa semahlongothini amabili eliphikako nelivumako. OO Kumele kube nesiqhema esivumako nesihloko nesiphikisana naso. OO Iinqhema zingakhetha abantu abathathu ehlangothini ngalinye bazobajamela bebabakhulumele. OO Kusikima munye ngamunye aphe amaphuzu ngokobana kuba yini avumelana nanyana aphikisana nesihloko. OO Isiqhema nesiqhema siba nomdosiphambili waso. OO Umdosiphambili uthula isiqhema sakhe bese ekugcineni usonga ikulumo yabo. OO Kuba nabanikelimaphuzu. OO Kuba notjheja isikhathi bona isikhulumi nesikhulumi sithethe imizuzu emingaki. OO Ikulumo le ingathatha imizuzu ematjhumi amabili ukuya kwematjhumi amabili nahlanu. OO Isiqhema kumele sibeke amaphuzu azokuvikela isiqhema sabo bonyana singadliwa, zingasekela amaphuzu wazo gokuveza imibandela kunye neembonelo. OO Kuba nomngcinisihlalo olawula ikulumo-pikiswano. OO Isiqhema esithole amaphuzu amanengi ngokuya ngokwabanikelimaphuzu ngiso esiphumelelako. e I-inthaviyu Iyini i-inthaviyu? Kuhlungwa kwabantu lokha nabafuna abantu emsebenzini. Kubayini kwenziwa i-inthaviyu? OO Banengi abafuna umsebenzi loyo. OO Bafuna ukukhetha obadlula boke. OO Bafuna ukwazi umuntu abafuna ukumkhetha bonyana umumuntu onjani. Imithetho elandelwako ukuze kufikwe ku-inthaviyu OO Kuthonywa ngokutjengisa ngesikhundla ebafuna bonyana sizaliswe emaphephandabeni, emirhatjhweni nakibomagazini. 6 Via Afrika » Ukulalela nokukhuluma

Isahluko 1 OO Ofuna isikhundla uthumela ikharikhyulamu vithayi (c.v.) neforomu le z83 esiphandeni onikelwe sona. OO Bakhetha abantu abathathu ukuya kwabahlanu ukuphikisana ngesikhundla leso ku-interview. OO Abakhethiweko babethelwa umtato bona beze ku-interview ngelanga elibekiweko. OO Nabangakatholakaliko bakutlolela incwadi nanyana bayakundlula bafune omunye. Ukuzilungiselela i-inthaviyu: OO Yazi ikampani leyo eyokuhlunga. OO Zazi wena ngokwakho. OO Yazi ngomlandu womsebenzi wakho. OO Yazi ngehlelo lemibuzo. Yazi ikampani leyo eyokuhlunga OO Kumele ufunisise ngesikhundla nangeendingo zekampani ukwazi bonyana ufinyelele eendingweni lezo. OO Ungabethela umtato isiberegi sekampani bona sikuthumele amabhrotjha ngomlandu wekampani. OO Ungafunisisa ngekampani leyo ku-inthanede. Kuzokuya ngokuhi inayo iwebsaydi (website) leyo. Esikhathini esinengi iinkampani ezikulu zinayo. Zazi wena ngokwakho OO Qabanga ngendlela ongarhelebha leyo ofuna ukuyiberega. OO Qabanga ngendlela ongarhelebha ukukhula kwayo ikampani leyo. Yazi ngomlandu womsebenzakho OO Lungisa imitlomelo yakho bewukgone ukuhlathulula kabanzi ngomberegwakho. OO Thola amareferensi namakhophi womberego wakho ukuze ukgone ukuwukhombisa njengobufakazi kumhloli. Yazi ngehlelo lemibuzo OO Esikhathini esinengi bangakubuza bonyana ‘sitjela ngawe’. Khumbula bonyana nabakubuza umbuzo loyo abathi ubatjele ozithandako nongazithandiko ukuzidla. Bafuna ubatjele ngekghono lakho kiloyomsebenzi owenzako, ungabatjengisa nemitlomelo yakho njengobufakazi bokuberega budisi nokuzimisela kwakho. OO Zilungiselele nemibuzo ebudisi khulu efuna bona uqabange. Via Afrika » Ukulalela nokukhuluma 7

Isahluko 1 Ukuvela kokuthoma Lokhu kungenzeka emizuzwini emihlanu ku-inthaviyu. Bangaqala izinto ezifana nalezi: OO Ukufika ngesikhathi. OO Imbatho lakho. OO Ilimi lomzimba. Ukufika ngesikhathi OO Ungafika emizuzwini emihlanu ngaphambi kwesikhathi obekelwe sona ukukhombisa bonyana uyasigcina isikhathi nanyana ungaqhatjhwa esikhundleni leso. Imbatho lakho OO Kumele umbathe ngokuya kweikhundla osifunako. OO Nawungazi bonyana umbathe bunjani, ungabethela ikampani leyo ubuze isiberegi bonyana kwembathwa bunjani ekampanini. OO Khumbula bonyana iinyathelo kufanele ziphoritjhwe ukuze zitsegeme. Amabhurugu kunye neenkerede kufanelezipreswe. OO Ungazesi khulu izinto zokuzenza muhle ungasabonakali ubuziwena. Ilimi lomzimba OO Indlela okhamba ngayo kufanele ikhombise ukuzithemba. OO Kufanele uhlale kuhle nangehlonipho esitulweni ngemva kokobana uhlaliswe. OO Ungalotjhisa nangesandla ukukhombisa ihlonipho nokuzithemba. Ukwenzeka kwe-inthaviyu OO Qala abantu abakuhlungako ngemehlweni. OO Khombisa ukuba nomndlandla bewungaphelelwa namfutho. OO Lalelisisa kuhle ngombuzo obuzwa wona bewungenelele ngendlela ongakghona ngakho ukukhombisa bonyana uyawazi umsebenzi okukhulunywa ngawo. OO Khuluma kuhle, butjhelela. OO Khuluma izinto eziliqiniso kwaphela ngombana iinkampani zinamandla wokukubophisa nakukhona amala owafakileko. OO Ungathomi ubenze ubutjhapho bokukhuluma umphathi wangaphambilini kumbi nanyana bekakuphethe kumbi kangangani. Zama bonyana ukhuluma okuhle kwaphela bewumoyizele kancani. OO Nawuqeda ukuphendula imibuzo yoke, bayakuvalelisa kulandele abanye OO Ophumeleleko nguye obethelwa umtato atjelwe. 8 Via Afrika » Ukulalela nokukhuluma

Isahluko 1 Abantu ababandakanywa ku-inthaviyu (panel members) OO Umjameli wehlangano (union) OO Umphathintambo/umgcinisihlalo OO Unobhala OO Ababuza imibuzo OO Abajameli beenhlangano ezahlukahlukeneko Via Afrika » Ukulalela nokukhuluma 9

Isahluko 2 Ukufunda nokubukela 1 Khuyini ukufunda? Yindlela esithola ngayo ilwazi sisebenzisa amehlo ukubona umtlolo otloliweko. Abangaboniko babsebenzisa izandla zabo ukufunda umtlolo otlolelwe bona. Umtlolo loyo ubizwa ngokobana yibreyili(brail). 2 Iindlela zokufunda a Ukuskena (scanning) b Ukuskima (skimming) c Ngesikhathi sokufunde d Ngemva kokufunda a Ukuskena OO Kulokha nawufunda ngombana kunento ethileko oyifunako. OO Umfundi uyazi bona ufanani begodu ukhambisa amehlwakhe msinyana ukuze kufikele lapho abona into ayifunako. OO Ukuskena yindlela emsinya yokufunda nakunento oyihlosilekobona uzoyifumana. OO Isibonelo: kulokha nawuqala igama kusihlathululi magama (dictionary) kulokha nawuqala inomboro yomrhala encwadini yemirhala (telephone book) b Ukuskima OO Yindlela emsinya yokufunda kodwana kungasi ukudlula ukuskena. OO Umfundi akafundi igama elinye nelinye. OO Ujama lapha kutholakala khona iinhloko kunye nenhlokwana. Unobangela wokuskima OO Umfundi uskima ngombana anemibuzo enqophileko engqondweni. OO Umfundi uskima ngombana afuna iincwadi endaweni yeencwadi (library) ukuze athole into ayifunako ngaphakathi ukuqeda umsebenzi wakhe aphiwe wona. 10 Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela

Isahluko 2 c Ngesikhathi sokufunda Indlela yokufundela ukuzwisisa OO Funda isiqetjhana msinya. OO Zama ukubuyekeza lokhu okufundileko engqondweni yakho. OO Qalisisa isihloko, umtloli nesiphetho sesiqephu. OO Tlola phasi amaphuzu aqakathekileko owatholiko esiqetjhaneni. d Ngemva kokufunda Kumele ukwazi uuphendula imibuzo ngetheksti yoke. Uphendule imibuzo ngokuya ngobudisi bayo. Ube ukwazi ukuveza yakho imibono, nokusebenzisa ilimi nekulumo enqophileko nengakanqophi. Bese ukwazi nokubuyelela utjho itheksti ngokuyitlola phasi. Imibuzo ekufanele bonyana uzibuze yona nawuqeda ukufunda. OO Ngubani umtloli? OO Yini ummongo-ndaba? OO Senzeka kuphi isenzo leso? OO Kubayini sitlolwe isiqephu leso nofana umdlala lo? Yini abafuna ukusitjela khona? Imibuzo ongazibuza yona ngaphambi kokobana ufunde ngekumbeni lapho uphiwe khona umsebenzi wokufunda. OO Ingabe isiqetjhana sami sinesifundo? OO Ingabe siyawenza umuhluko kubamukelilwazi? OO Ngesabamukelilwazi abafaneleko? OO Side ngokwaneleko? OO Ngiyasizwisisa mina mthuli? OO Ngisifundile ngaphambi kokobana ngisethule? 3 Amatheksti atlolwako Lawa matheksti akhupha imicabango yabatloli. Ngaphasi kwalamatheksti sifumana nakhu okulandelako: a Iinkondlo b Inovela c Umdlalo d Iindatjana ezifitjhani Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela 11

Isahluko 2 a Iinkondlo Ziyini iinondlo? Zimhlobo womtlolo onetjhebiswano. Umtloli ukhetha amagama ngokutlhogomela nokuwababalela, ukuveza imizwa nokuthatheka kwakhe ngokuwahlalisa ngemitjho namkha ngeendima. Iindima lezobese ziyahlukaniswa nazo. Iindingo zokutsenga ikondlo Kungombana sifuna: 1 Umqondo osepepenenei. 2 Umqondo obhaqileko. 3 Ummongo-ndaba nomlayezo wekondlo 4 Iinthombengqondo. 5 Umoya wekondlo 6 Ingaphakathi lekondlo. a Ukukhethwa kwamagama. b Iphimbo. 7 Ingaphandle lekondlo. 8 Isakhiwo semida neendima 9 Ihlobo lekondlo 10 Ivumelwano. 11 Irhobela. 12 Amaqhinga wetjhada 13 Igido 14 Amatshwayo wokutlola 15 Ukubuyelela. 16 Ifanamdumo. 17 Injambementi. Ummongo-ndaba Yini ummongo-ndaba? OO Sisekelo sezomtlolo. Ngilokho ojutjhiwo yikondlo okungaba yikondlo, imidlalo nofana inovela. OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kaj.m mthimunye ethi ‘ngilisani ngiphaphe’. Ikondlo leikhuluma ngezepopotiki, iveza bonyana inarha ahlala kiyo inokuninana ngokombala, kubangiswana amandla njll. OO tjheja: ummongo-ndaba ungaba ngilowo obonakalako nongabonakaliko. OO Isibonelo: ekondlondlweni kak.s mahlangu ethi ‘mthombo ongomiko’. 12 Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela

Isahluko 2 Imbongi iveza umthombo esazi bonyana sisela kiwo (amanzi). Ngakwelinye ihlangothi ikhulume “ngefundo” efunyanwa ngabakhulu nabancan. Ukukhethwa kwamagama OO Imbongi isuke itlole ikondlo yayo isebenzisa amagama akhethekileko ngokutlhogomela nangokuwababalela ukuveza imizwa yayo ngalokho ekunqophileko. OO Amagama akhethwa mtloli ingasi woke ekondlweni kodwana kunalawo umtloli aveza umoya nemizwa yakhe ngokuthi asebenzise amagama layo ingabi ngilawo ajayelekileko kodwana aba nakutjhoko. OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kad.m jiyane ethi ‘mma afrika’. Imbongi isebenzise amagama athi ‘sakusukela, sakuhlutha koke’. Imbongi iveza indlela abantu basahlekwa ngakhona bathathelwa koke. ‘wasala udududu ngombana ulilahle’. Lokho kutjho bona abantu basele banganalitho ngombana bababantu abanzima. Amagama la aveza imizwa yomtloli ngendlela ibandlululo labenza ngakhona abantu abanzima. Isakhiwo semida neendima OO Ikondlo itlolwa ngemida neendima nayibaliwe iveza iindima. Umfundi kumele azi bonyana zingaki iindima kanye nemida ayibumbileko nokobana zikhambisana bunjani nommongo-ndaba. OO Njengokuthi ikondlo ibunjwe ziindima ezingaki. OO Indima ngayinye iba nemida eingaki. OO Imida yekondlo iyalingana nanyana ayilingani ngobude, eminye imida ivulekle iminye ivalekile. Ngokulingana sikhuluma ngobude. OO Ngokungalingani imida ivange emide nemifitjhani. OO Imida evulekileko ngileyo enganamatshwayo. OO Imida evalekileko ngileyo enamatshwayo wokutlola. OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kam.s ntuli ethi ‘ndlela yakwamloto’. Ikondlo le yakhiwe ziindima ezintathu. Indima OO Indima yokuthoma neyesithathu zakhiwe (zibunjwe) mimida emine kuthi yesibili ibunjwe mimida esithandathu. Umtlolingo kutjhiyanisa iindima zakhe uveza ukobana iindima ezinemida elinganako uthula ikulumo yakhe ngokulingana kuthi ndima iveza amazizo wakhe ngalokho obekwenzeka, ngamanye amagama ugandelela lokho okwakwenzeka. Uveza umrabhondaba okhambisananokutjhiwo yikondlo. Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela 13

Isahluko 2 Imida OO Ikondlo le yakhiwe ngemida emifitjhani nemida ayilingani ngamalunga begodu eminye ivalekile eminye ivulekile, lokho kwenza ikondlo le ibe mnandi begodu uthula imizwa yakhe ngobufitjhani nangobude bemida lokho kutjho bonyana emudeni emifitjhani imbongi ithula imizwa yayo ngokupheleleko, kuthe emide uthula imizwa yakhe ngokudepha. Umoya wekondlo OO Nasikhuluma ngomoya wekomdlo sikhuluma ngobujamo imbongi ebegade ikibo nayitlola ikondlo yakhe njenjokobana bekadanile, athabile, atshwenyekile njll. Umoya wekondlo sikghona ukuwufumana lokha sifunda ngokuzwisisa ikondlo, uyavela ngokusepepeneneni umoya. OO Umoya wekondlo uvezwa ngilokho okutjhiwo yikondlo (ummongo-ndaba). OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kaj.m mthimunye ethi ‘ngilisani ngiphaphe’. Imbongi isemoyeni wokudana, udaniswa zizenzo ezenzeka ephasini ahlala kilo njengokuninana ngobuhlanga njll. Ihlobo lekondlo Ihlobo lekondlo livezwa yindlela imbongi iveza ngayo imizwa yayo a I-eleji (elegy) b I-ephigi (epic) c Ikondlo sinyefula (satire) d Isonede (sonnet) a I-eleji OO Leli lihlobo lekondlo kwesinye isikhathi kuthiwa yimbongisililo ngombana lapha imbongi iveza imizwa yayo ngokuratharatha nofana ngokulila. OO Esikhathini esinengi vane kukhulunywa ngomuntu osele ahlongakala nofana ukufa. b I-ephigi OO Le yikondlomlandu lapho imbongi iveza umlandu namasiko athileko nemiraro yakhona. OO Yide begodu iveza umlandu wesitjhaba nofana wendawo ethileko nezehlakalo zakhona ngokwehlukahlukana kwazo. Lapha izehlakalo ziyalandelana ngokwenzeka kwazo. c Ikondlo sinyefula OO Le yikondlo enyefula izenzo zomuntu ngokusebenzisa amagama akhethekileko ukunyefula izenzo lezo. 14 Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela

Isahluko 2 d Isonede OO Le yikondlo ebunjwe mimida elitjhumi nane. Amasonede ahlukahlukene ngokuya kwemphetho zakhona. Lapha kuqalwa abokamisa ekupheleni komuda. Isibonelo sesonede: Khuyini? D.m jiyane Ziinthudze ezinganamkhozeleli, Malerhe kasokulunga atlakaze njalo, Bumerumeru inga ziimagameru ebusuku, Burhanyarhanya senga masotja kakhwini Yimedze ebhalela abotitjhere ngekumbeni. Madzinyani aragwa sikhukhukazi, Mgolojani inga bunyonyo bobukhahlo, Watjhelela umatjhelela inga kutjhek’ itjheme. Ngithanda umathandukudla osithela maqede ngibhambalale, Ngivuke ngitswe ngekhwezi ngikhwele, Nokho nimatjhatjha ngokubalekel’ ingwenya, Niyilisa itjhagale esitikini inibhedlhe tle! Nginibone nibaleka ngokuthi ye! Kwengorho. Nganifunafuna nganitlhoga ngathembela ebusukwini. Umbuzo Ingabe lihlobo lini lekondlo leli elingehla? Sekela ipendulwakho. yisonede, inemida elitjhuminane. Amaqhinga wetjhada (rhythm) OO Lapha imbongi isebenzisa amalungu, amagama, imida, abongwaqa nabokamisa ikwenza ikondlo yakhe ibe mnandi ngokubuyelela amanye amagama kanengi (rhobela). OO Okuqakathekileko: lokhu kufaka phakathi ufanamdumo pheze emtjhweni munye, kungaba bokamisa nanyana abongwaqa nomutjho woke. Abofanakamisa Isibonelo: ekondlweni kam.s mahlangu ethi ‘umraranisi’ OO ‘osiraranisa besirarajane’ Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela 15

Isahluko 2 Abofanangwaqa OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kam.s mahlangu ethi ‘umraranisi’ ‘osiraranisa besirarajane’ OO Ukubuyelela emtjhweni ekondlweni ‘ndlela yakwamloto’ ‘ngozi uphuma njengelanga ngozi uthjinga njengelanga’ OO Lokhu kubuyelela kwenza ikondlo ibe negido elimnandi begodu icacisa ummongo- ndaba ukobana uzwisiseke. Igido Nasikhuluma ngegido sikhuluma ngevumalwano esekela lokho okutjhiwo yikondlo. Siba nemihlobo ehlukaneko yegido elibunjwa yivumelwano. a Ivumelwanothoma b Ivumelwanophakathi c Ivumelanophetha a Ivumelwanothoma Malungu avumelanako emideni emibili yendima yekondlo. OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kam.s ntuli ethi ‘ndlela yakwamloto’ OO Endimeni yokuthoma umuda wokuthoma nowesibili ibunjwe ngu ‘ngi’ b Ivumelwanophakathi OO Ligido elibunjwa kuvumelana ngaphakathi kwamagama afanako nofana amalungu afanako emudeni munye wekondlo. OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kaj.k mahlangu ethi ‘ngisathi ubaba’ ‘ngikhuzwe nangani bangani’ c Ivumelwanophetha OO Libunjwa litjhada lamagama esiphethweni semida elandelanako yendima yekondlo. Kunemihlobo eminengi yevumelwano phetha. OO Ngamavumelwano la imbongi yenza ikondlo yayo icace, ihlathulule ibe mnandi, begodu yena igido elikhambisana nommongo-ndaba. Imihlobo yakhona a Ivumelwaneyeqa b Ivumelwanophuka c Ivumelwanosingathano d Ivumelwanongakubili 16 Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela

Isahluko 2 a Ivumelwanoyeqa OO Lelivumelwano libunjwa malungu wetjhada elifanako esiphethweni semida endimeni yekondlo. OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kaj.m mthimunye ethi ‘ngilisani ngiphaphe!’ endimeni yesibili ibunjwe liphethini ka a, b, a, b. Isibonelo: yiza siphaphamtjhini yiza, a yiza ungiginye ngiphaphe. B Ngiphaphe nawe, a Ungikhafulele la a b Ivumelwanophuka OO Leli liphethini elitjengisa ukuphuka nanyana ukungalandelani kuhle kwamagama asesiphethweni sendima yekondlo. Iphetheni leyo ibunjwe ngu a,b,c,b. OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kaz.s shongwe ethi ‘umuntu yena, awa.’ endimeni yokuthoma yoke ibunjwe liphethini lika a, b, a, a. Ikondlo: Umuntu yena! Awa. Z.s shongwe ebusuku umuntu uyagegedwa a nakuyikomo uyidlule kuhle, b inja, ingcono, iyakhongotha. A umuntu yena! Awa. A c Ivumelwanosingathano OO Leli livumelwano elibunjwa malungu asingathano esiphethweni sendima yekondlo. OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kaj.m mthimunye ethi ‘ngilisani ngiphaphe.’ Emudeni wetjhumi nantathu ukuyakewetjhumi nesithandathu ibunjwe liphethini lika a, b, b, a. Ikondlo: Ngilisani niphaphe! J.m mthimunye yiza siphaphamtjhini yiza, a yiza ungiginye ngiphaphe. B Ngiphaphe nawe, b Ungikhafulele la a d Ivumelwanongakubili OO Lelivumelwano libunjwa malunga amabili avumelana ngokubili. Libunjwa liphethini lika a, a, b, b. Lokhu kuvumelana nomtloli ukukhambisana nommongo- ndaba ngokuveza imizwa yakhe ngendlela ekhamba ngakubili. Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela 17

Isahluko 2 Isibonelo: ekondlweni kaz.s shongwe ethi ‘umuntu yena, awa.’ OO Endimeni yesibili ibunjwe liphethini lika a, a, b, b. Ikondlo: Umuntu yena! Awa. Z.s shongwe layaphi ithemba lobuntu? A kwayaphi ukusizana kwabantu? A gadesi umuntu uphalwa sibandana. B umuntu yena! Awa. B Amatshwayo wokutlola ekondlweni OO Amatshwayo wokutlola ekondlweni adlala indima eqakathekileko ngombana asivezela imizwa yembongi nomoya ogade ikiwo nayitlola ikondlwayo. OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kad.m jiyane ethi‘mma afrika’. Imbongi isebenzise itshwayo eliyikhoma emudeni ngokunanaba lokho akutjhoko. Siphumuzi esenza bonyana umuntu nakakhulumako aphumule kancani. Elinye itshwayo lokutlola ngunobuza(?) Lelitshwayo litjengisa ukungabi nependulo, ufuna ukwazi into ethize Ikondlo: Umuntu yena! Awa. Z.s shongwe layaphi ithemba lobuntu? A kwayaphi ukusizana kwabantu? A gadesi umuntu uphalwa sibandana. B umuntu yena! Awa. B Emudeni wokuthoma kunetshwayo elingunobuza lapho imbongi ifuna ipendulo yokobana nangambala ubuntu bayaphi? Isibabazo(!) Leli litshwayo lokutlola elibabaza ngento ethile eyenzekako nanyana ezakwenzeka. OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kaj.m mthimunye ethi ‘ngilisani ngiphaphe’. OO Imbongi igandelela ekutjhoko ngokubabaza. Namanye amatshwayo. Imbongi ngamatshwayo wokutlola ikhambisana nommongo- ndaba. Iinthombengqondo OO Ikondlo etloleke kamnandi kumele ibe neenthombengqondo, ngamanye amagama iinthombe ozakhele wena engqondweni. Iinthombengqondo zibunjwa kusebenzisa 18 Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela

Isahluko 2 amagama athileko aveza ilimi lobukondlo abuye asetjenziswe ngokungakajayeleki ukuze okuhlathululwako kuzwisiseke bekucace kukhambelane nommongo-ndaba wekondlo Zinengi iinthombengqondo. Sizakwenza iimbonelo ngalezi ezilandelako: a Isifaniso/isimanyaniso b Irhwala a Isifaniso/isimanyaniso OO Isimanyaniso kusuke kufaniswa izinto ezimbili ezingafaniko kodwana zikhomba zibe namatshwayo afanako. Isimanyaniso sinezakhi zazo. OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kad.m jiyane ethi ‘khuyini’. Endimeni yokuthoma emudeni wesithathu. ‘bumerumeru inga ziimagameru zebusuku.’ Imbongi icacisa lokho ekutjhoko ngokumanyanisa iimagameru nobumerumeru njll. b Irhwala OO Lesi sithombengqondo esandisa ikulumo ngendlela eyenza ikulumo leyo ingekhe yenzeka. OO Isibonelo: ekondlweni kaz.s shongwe ethi ‘umuntu yena, awa.’ Emudeni wekhomba umuntu angeze aphawa sibandane. Nezinye iinthombengqondo. Ukurhobela Nasirhobelaako sisebenzisa igama loke emideni emibili yekondlo. Imihlobo yerhobelo a Irhobela toma. b Irhobela phakathi. c Irhobela phetha. d Irhobela siphambano. e Irhobela tjhigama. Ukurhobela thoma Magama atholakala ekuthomeni emideni emibili yekondlo afannako. Isibonelo. Yiza siphaphamtjhini yiza, Yiza ungiginye ngiphaphe. Ngiphaphe nawe, Ungikhafulele la Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela 19

Isahluko 2 Ukurhobela phakathi Magama afanako atholakala phakathi emideni emibii yekondlo. Isib: Abantu babuza indaba. Iimbandana zabuza umraro. Ukurhobela phetha Magama afanako atholakala esiphethweni semida emibili yendima yekondlo. Isib: Ngokuhle kodwa. Ngokumbi kodwa. Ukurhobelatjhigama. Magama atholakala emideni emibii yekondlo kodwana atjhigamile. Isib: Gadesi umuntu uphalwa sibandana. Umuntu yena! Awa. b Inovela Iyini inovela? Yindaba etlolwa ibe zizahluko, begodu iba namakhasi amanengi ukundlula umdlalo. Lokho kwenziwa ngombana umtloli uhlathulula yoke into ngokupheleleko nelwazi lakhona liba linengi. Iindingo zenovela OO Isakhiwo-isingeniso, umzimba nesiphetho. OO Isakhiwana-sisusa serarano, ukutjharagana,isitlhori OO Abalingisi OO Indima yomdembi. OO Ummongondaba nomlayezo. OO Isiphetho esingakalindeleki. Lapha kuyelelwa imihlobo yabalingisi nokuthi umtloli ubaveze bunjani. Imihlobo yabalingisi benovela OO Umlingisi oyikutani OO Mlingisi indaba idzimelele kuye. OO Abalingisi abakhulu nanyana abaqakathekileko. OO Laba balingisi abenza indaba ikgone ukuragela phambili, ngaphandle kwabo indaba angeze yakghona ukuragela phambili. OO Abalingisi abancani. OO Laba balingisi ababakhona endabeni ukundlulisa iphuzu elithileko kwaphela. OO Indaba iyakghona ukuragela phambili ngaphandle kwabo. 20 Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela

Isahluko 2 Ukuvezwa kwabalingisi OO Ngamabizo wabo OO Ngezenzo OO Ngezambatho OO Mtloli ngokwakhe OO Ngabanye abalingisi OO Ngalawa amaphuzu wokuvezwa kwabalingisi ukghona ukubona abalingisi laba babonakale baphila. Indima yomdembi (narrator) OO Umdembi mumuntu ositjela ngalokho okwenzekako endabeni. Indba eyinovela kwande khulu indima yomdembi kunekulumo-pendlwano. Umdembi lo kuba mtloli yena ngokwakhe. Nguye osithatha asindlalela indaba njengobana injalo. OO Isibonelo: enoveleni ka p.b skhosana ethi mbala ngubaba ekhasini lesi 3 “umavela yena olizibulo, wabhalelana noyise asesemncani. Uyise wathi amkhuthaza bona afunde, azokwazi ukuba yindoda, walikhomba libaba. Waphambana neemfiso zakayise. Waphetha sele athethe umfazi unakabini. Nokumthathokho wathatha buthebelele, ngombana ilobolo laphuma kuyise. Namhlanje nangu usebenza nzima. Udosa emhlweni ngepilo emzinakhe.” Ingemuva nesizinda netjhebiswano lomlingisi nommongo-ndaba OO Ingemuva lithulusi elisitjela ngokobana inovela, umdlalo ususelwa kuphi. OO Ingemuva lisinikeza iphahla lesikhathi kanye nendawo. OO Umfundi kumele akghone ukubona ingemuva, lokho ukghona ukukwazi nawufunyene ilwazi elinqophilekokanye nelimi elisetjenziswe mtloli. OO Ingemuva kumele likhambisane nomlingisi khulukhulu oyikutani nalokho okutjhiwo yinovela (ummongo-ndaba) OO Kumele kuvele bonyana umtloli ukghonile ukukhetha umlingisi okhambelana nommongo-ndabakhe, ingemuva lakhe liyawuveza ummongo-ndaba. OO Akuvle bonyana indawo, isikhathi zimfanele umlingisi oyikutani nasiqalisisa ngobudala nanyana ubutjha bomlingisi. Umlayezo OO Ngilokho okwenze bonyana umtloli atlole inovelakhe, umlayezwakhe ngobonisako bonyana into ethize ungayenza nofana ungayenzi. OO Abatloli baveza amazizo wabo ngesiga esithize abaziqabangela sona nanyana abosibona ngamehlo wenyama bese basidlulisela abamukelilwazi ngendlela yomtlolo. Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela 21

Isahluko 2 OO Umlayezo ubuya uveze bonyana nasele siyifundile inovela sizuzeni njengokuthi isiga leso singasenza nanyana singasenzi, kuya ngokobana wena mfundi uwuzwe njani umlayezo odluliswe mtlolo. Umbuzo: Ngokufunda kwakho le novela ethi: mbala ngubaba ngabe umtloli usivezela wuphi umlayezo? Ipendulo: Umlayezo wokobana sihloniphe amagama wabantu abadala, sibalalele kulokho obasitjela khona.umavela azange alalele uyise wagcina sele atlhaga ngokungatholi litho esifisweni sakhe ebegade asitlamele abantwabakhe. c Umdlalo Iindingo zomdlalo OO Isakhiwo: isingeniso, umzimba nesiphetho. OO Isakhiwana: isethulo, ukutjharagana kwezinto, irarano, isitlhori, ibohlololo, uuqala emuva. OO Ummongo-ndaba nemilayezo. OO Ukutjhebisana kwengemuva lesizinda nomlingisi nommongo-ndaba. Isakhiwo OO Isakhiwo siba nesingeniso, umzimba kunye nesiphetho. a Isingeniso OO Esingeniswenisiveze umdlali oyikutani nomraro aqalene nawo kunye nesizinda indaba/umdlalo wenzeka khona. OO Esakhiweni kalapho sifumana khona umdlalo uthoma khona, umtloli wakha imizwa efana nokuthaba nokufuna ukwazi izinto. c Umzimba OO Emzimbeni umdlali oyikutani ulwa nokurarulula imiraro yakhe aqalene nayo nokuvela kweminye imiraro lapho umdlali azama ukulwa nawo. d Isiphetho OO Esiphethweni kulapho umtloli asivezela khona imiphumela yomraro ebegade aqalene nawo. Kuya ngokuthi irarululwa bunjani. Isakhiwana OO Sifumana isethulo nesisusa serarano esingenisweni 22 Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela

Isahluko 2 a Isusa serarano OO Ngilokho okwenza umdlalo uragele phambili. b Itjharagano lezinto/ukutjharagana OO Litholakala ngemuva kobana sithulelwe okususe irarano emdlalweni. Lapha umdlalo uya ngokukhula. Lokhu kwenza umdlalo ukhule ube uyokufika esitlhorini (mraro ahlangabezana nomdlali emvimbela iragelo phambili lakhe. C Isitlhori OO Esitlhorini kulapho sifumana bona umlalo sewufike lapho bewulindelwe khona. Imibuzo ebebazibuza yona abadlali iyaphenduleka. Kuvela iqiniso lomdlalo woke. Irarano Khuyini irarano? OO Kuqhulana nanyana kukulwa kweenqhema nanyana abantu ababili abaphikisanako emdlalweni. OO Irarano livela khulukhulu kumdlali omkhulu oyikutani, indaba edzimelele kuye kuba nezinto nofana umqondo efuna ukuwenza kuthi labo abaphikisana naye baqhulane naye. OO Umdlalo angeze waphila ngaphandle kwerarano. Imihlobo yamararano a Irarano hlangana nabahlali OO Leli lirarano elibakhona hlangana nabadlali omlingisi oyikutani noyimbongi. b Irarano langaphakathi OO Lelirarano liba ngaphakathi komdlali ongakghoni ukutjela omunye ibe yindaba edla yena yedwa. c Irarano hlangana nomdlali wendawo OO Lelihlobo lerarano lilethwa mdlali osele ararene nendawo etja afika kiyo. Lokhu kungabangelwa yikambiso yendawo, ubujamo bezulu bezulu bendawo njll. d Irarano hlangana komlingisi namasiko OO Lilethwa babantu abanamasiko angafaniko nanyana umuntu ongafuni ukulandela isiko lekhabo OO Okuqakathekileko: umfundi kumele akwazi ukuveza lamararano angehla Bese uyaveza nokobana bekukukuphi, kwenziwani begodu bobani abararanako. Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela 23

Isahluko 2 Abadlali OO Abadlali babantu abenza bona umdlalo uphile. Abadlali abatholakala emdlalweni ngabalandelako: a Umdlali oyikutani b Umdlali oyimbongisi c Umdlali osizako nanyana orhelebhako Ukuhlathululwa kwabadlali a Umdlali oyikutani OO Ngiloyo umdlali odzimelele kuye. OO Ngiloyo ohlangabezana nemiraro yakhe. OO Nguye okumele sibone bonyana imiraro yakhe uyirarulula bunjani. OO Utholakala pheze kizo zoke iinqephu. b Umdlali oyimbongisi OO Ngiloyo obangisa ikutani ukobana ingaphumeleli eemfisweni zayo. OO Naye utholakala pheze kiso zoke iinqephu. OO Angazenza umuntu ozwelana nofana osiza ikutani c Umdlali osizako nanyana orhelebhako OO Umudlali osiza imbongi nanyana ikutani. OO Kuya ngehlangothi alidlalako nanyana alikhethileko. OO Mdlali omumbi ofana nomhlanganisi Bangavezwa ngalindlela: ikutani umsizi imbangi 24 Via Afrika » Ukufunda nokubukela

Isahluko 3 Ukutlola nokwethula Uyini umnqopho wokutlola? Umnqopho okutlola kuzijayeza ukusebenzisa ikghono lokutlola ngokuziveza ngobulula nangenembo nangendlela ekarisako. Lokhu kutjho okulandelako: Kumele kuvele ukuzitlamela nokuzithomela okuzokuthuthukisa ikghono lakho lokutlola. Uzokuhlolisiswa ngokumumethweko, isakhiwo/ibumbeko lomutjho, ilwazimagama, ilimi, amatshwayo wokutlola nespelinghi (ukutlola kuhle kwamagama). 1 Iindlela zokuthuthukisa ukutlola Funda ngokuqophelela iinhloko zakho. OO Tlola ngalokho okwaziko yenza okulandelako: Lisa isihloko esinye nesinye ongasithandiko, ongasizwisisi nanyana ongeze waba namaphuzu amanengi wokutlola ngaso. Iba nelwazimagama elihle lesihloko osikhethako. Tjheja bonyana ungaphumi esihlokweni ngombana uzakujeziswa ngalokho. Gegeda isihloko nawunganasiqiniseko sesakhiwo saso isib. Ikulumo-pendulwano, umalangeni nanyana amaripoto. Khetha isihloko sendaba esikhambelana nekghono lakho. Tlola ngemitjho ezeleko. Tjhugutjhugulula ubude bemitjho neendima. Tjhugutjhugulula ukwakheka kwemitjho yakho. Thatha isiqunto sesikhathi esifanele isihliko sakho Ikulumo enqophileko nekulumo-pendulwano ayisetjenziswe ngokukhetha. Zama ukugegeda lokhu: OO Ukubuyelelwa kwamagama ekthomeni kwemitjho, isib. Mina ngiye esitolo. Mina ngahlangana nabangani bami. Mina nabo sayokuthenga ukudla. Kufuze utlole ngalindlela: Mina ngiye esitolo ngahlangana nabangani bami ngayokuthenga nabo ukudla. Ukubuyelelwa kokwakhiwa kwemitjho. Tjhugutjhugulula ubude bokwakhiwa kwemitjho. Ukusetjenziswa khulu kweembaluli neemphawulo. Ukusetjenziswa kwelimi elingasilo lesindebele. (irejista). Ukusebenzisa iindima ukwakha nokuthuthukisa ukutlola kwakho. Ukuhlukanisa umsebenzi wakho ngeendima kunikeza ngokusepepeneneni imiphumela yokuziveza nawutlolako. Tlola ulandele isakhiwo esilandelako: Via Afrika » Ukutlola nokwethula 25

Isahluko 3 OO Isingeniso Indima yokuthoma isingeniso, esingenisa isihloko nendawo yesehlakalo. Isingeniso kumele sibe sifitjhani sithathe itjhejo lofundako. Isingeniso sikunikeza umqondo wokobana kuzokulandela ini. OO Umzimba Isingeniso silandelwa ziindima ezinengana ezakha umzimba wendaba, bese unaba kabanzi ngesihloko. Indima enye nenye iqalene khulu namahlangothi ahlukeneko wesihloko. OO Isiphetho Indima yokugcina endabeni isiphetho esihlanganisa koke otlole ngakho ngokufitjhani. Sivamise ukuveza imizwa yakho ngesihloko. Ofundako kumele ezwe bonyana sele askupheleni Nakukghonakalako umutjho wamaswaphelo kumele ube namandla, usale emqondweni walowo ofundako. 2 Ukuzilungiselela ukutlola indaba/i-eseyi Nawuzokutlola yenza isiqiniseko sokobana uyahlela. Ungasebenzisa iindlela ezilandelako zokuhlela: OO Buthelela lwazi ngesihloko. OO Tlola imibono ozoyisebenzisa nanyana njani. OO Tlola imibono usebenzisa amaphuzu aqakathekileko namabinzana. OO Sebenzisa umebhe-ngqondo. OO Buthelela imibono ekhambelanako endaweni yinye. Ungasebenzisa nanyana ngiyiphi indlela yokuhlela ozikhethele yona. Kufanele kube nobufakazi bokobana uhlelile, wabuyelela wafunda umsebenzakho waswaphelisa ngokuwulungisa iimphoso zaokutlola. Amatheksti wokuzitlamela Ayini amatheksti wokuzitlamela? Mitlolo etlolwako lapho abafundi/abatloli baveza khona amakghono nemibono yabongendlela yokuzitlamela basizw bafundisi. Sinemihlobo eithandathu yamatheksti wokuzitlamela, ama-eseyi azokuhlathululwa ngayinye ngenzasi. 26 Via Afrika » Ukutlola nokwethula

Isahluko 3 3 I-eseyi ecocako I-eseyi ecocako ikhuluma indaba nanyana ilandisa ngesenzeko esidlulileko. I-eseyi ecocako itlolwa ibe sesikhathini esidlulileko. Izenzeko nomcabango kumele zilamane/ zithelelane begodu zihleleke kuhle. Tjheja lokhu nawutlola i-eseyi ecocako: OO Indaba kumele ibe nesingeniso, ukukhula kwendaba nesiphetho esithatha itjhejo lomfundi. OO Abalingisi kumele babe bancani ngokwenzni bahlathululwe ngokuzeleko, ukwenzela bonyana ofundako akwazi ukubahlukanisa ngezenzo zabo. OO Ikulumo-pendulwano ingasetjenziswa kodwana ngokwaneleko. OO Indaba ehle iba nomlayezo ewudlulisako. Iimbonelo zeenhloko ze-eseyi ecocako 1 Angeze ngawukhohlwa unyaka ka 2007 Izinto ekungakhulunywa ngazo kulesihloko: OO Kungani ngingeze ngawukhohlwa unyaka ka 2007? OO Khuyini lokho engeze ngakukhohlwa? OO Kungani ungekhe wakhohlwa? OO Kwenzekani ongekhe wayikhohlwa? 2 Ngelanga engangisebudisini ngalo. 4 I-eseyi ehlathululako Le yi-eseyi lapho umtloli kutlhogeka bonyana ahlathulule okuthize ngendlela ezokwenza ofundako ayibone ngamhlo wengqondo into ekukhulunywa ngayo. I-eseyi ehlathululako ingahlathulula abantu, iindawo, ubujamo, indlela ykambiso begodu namazizo ngento ethize. Tjheja lokhu nawutlola i-eseyi ehlathululako OO Lelihlobo lendaba lidzimelele emininingwaneni begodu lidinga ilwazimagama elihle khulu. OO Kumele liveze isithombe salokho okuhlosiweko. OO Isikhathi sanje sibumba amazizo wokutjengisa wokobana into leyo yenzeka esikhathini sagadesi. . OO Ukukhethwa kwamagama kufuze kufinyelele kulokho okuhlosiweko. OO Umtloli kumele abe nelwazi ngesihloko ayosihlathulula ngombana kungaba budisi ukukhuluma ngento ongayaziko. Via Afrika » Ukutlola nokwethula 27

Isahluko 3 Iimbonelo zeenhloko ze-eseyi ehlathululako. 1 Ukutlhogeka kwemisebenzi esewula afrika. Izinto ekungakhulunywa ngazo kulesihloko: OO Kwenzekani lapho umuntu alahlekelwa msebenzi? OO Uphatheka bunjani kwezokuhlalisana? OO Kwenzekani emndenini nakunomuntu ongasebenzi? OO Sikhona isissombululo somraro lo enarheni yekhethu? 2 Kungani ngizikhakhazisa ngesewula afrika. 5 I-eseyi ephikisako Lelihlobo le-eseyi ngelibeka umbono ngokwakhela phezu kokuphikisa okwenza bonyana umuntu alandele lokho okutjhiwoko ukobana kuliqiniso. Umtloli uphikisa begodu asekele ihlangothi lakhe.le yi-eseyi ethatha ihlangothi, umtloli ufuna ukulutha ofundako ukobana avumelane naye. Tjheja lokhu nawutlola i-eseyi ephikisako OO Yakha ipikiswano yakho ngokulandelana. OO Umtloli kumele aveze wakhe umbono ngesihloko. OO Kumele asebenzise amagama akhethekileko. OO Umtloli uthatha ihlangothi, wethula imibono eqinileko, usebenzisa nemibuzo engadingi iimpendulo. OO Esiphethweni kumele kuvele imibono yomtloli eyanelisako. Iimbonelo zeenhloko ze-eseyi ephikisako. 1 Iminyanya yabafundi bebanga letjhumi nambili kumele ingenziwa. Izinto ekungakhulunywa ngazo kulesihloko: OO Kungani kuba neminyanya le? OO Ngibuphi ubuhle nanyana ubumbi bayo? OO Ngabe kusetjenziswa iimali ezingangani? OO Isikhathi okwenzeka ngaso umnyanya lo. OO Indlela yokuziphatha kwabafundi. 2 Kungenziwani ngabafundi banamhlanje abeza esikolweni basebenzise iindakamizwa? B. Amatheksti wokuthintana Ayini amatheksti wokuthintana? Mitlolo etlolwako enqophiswe ekuthintaneni nabanye abantu ngokwenza okuthize okubonakalako, okungafani nemitlolo yokuzitlamela. Okufanele sikwazi ngemitlolo yokuthintana ngilokhu: 28 Via Afrika » Ukutlola nokwethula

Isahluko 3 OO Omunye nomunye umtlolo ngaphasi kwezokuthintana unesakhiwo aswo. OO Omunye nomunye umtlolo ulandela imithetho yawo. OO Incenye yemitlomelo yabelwa isakhiwo/ ibumbeko nokulandela ikambiso. Sinemihlobo eminengi yemitlolo yokuthintana, emide nemifitjhani. Iyahlathululwangenzasi: Imitlolo yokuthintana emide Iyini imitlolo yokuthintana emide? OO Le mitlolo enobude obungazala ikhasi linye tere. Iincwadi Sinemihlobo emibili yeencwadi yangokomthetho nengasiyo yomthetho. (formal & informal) Ukutlolwa kweencwadi zangokomthetho: • Sisebenzisa ilimi langokomthetho elithobile, elizothileko nelizwakalako. Imihlobo yeencwadi zangokomthetho. Yesinghonghoyilo Yesibawo. Yokuthokoza. Yokumema. Yokuhalalisela. Yokubawa umsebenzi neyerhwebo. Amatshwayo weencwadi zangokomthetho: OO Yoke into ngaphandle kwesiphande salowo othumelako kutlolwa eduze komkhawulo owehlako osesandleni sesincele. OO Tlola isiphande sothumelako nelanga lokutlola, akutlolwe ngokuzeleko phezulu naphakathiesandleni sokudla nephepha. OO Yeqa umuda bese utlola ibizo nesiphande salowo omthumelako eduze nomkhawulo esandleni sesincele. OO Akutlolwa amatshwayo wokutlola kizo zombili iimphande. OO Yenza isiqiniseko sokobana uyamazi umuntu omtlolelako.isib. (nom/kos.) OO Yeqa umuda utlole isihloko salokho ozokukhuluma ngakho bese uyasithalela. OO Yeqa umuda bese utlola isingeniso esizokunaba kabanzi ngesihloko OO Yeqa umuda, enye nenye indima iphathelene nehlangothi elihlukeneko ngokutlolwa ngakho. OO Yeqa umuda bese utlola isivaleliso OO Tlikitla ibizo lakho nesibongo begodu nobululi ongibo ubufake eembayaneni. OO Isibongo siyatlhogeka ngombana utlolela umuntu ongamaziko. Via Afrika » Ukutlola nokwethula 29

Isahluko 3 6 Imithetho yelimi Isifundo sokuzwisisa Sisifundela ukubona sandise ilwazimagama. Sazi okumumethweko. Isibonelo: nikezaigama linye okutjhiwo yitheksti. Sazi ukuveza wethu amazizo ngetheksti. Sazi ukutsenga umbono womtlolo osethekstini. Sazi ukulandela imileyo (instructions) Umhlahlandlela wokusiza ukufunda ukuze uhlathululeke Funda itheksti leyo msinya [skima]. OO Thola bonyana ikhuluma ngani. Tjheja lokhu OO Isihloko: singakunikeza umtlhala walokho okumumethweko. Kufanele uzibuze imibuzo efana nale: OO Ngubani umtloli wetheksti? OO Ngimuphi umqondo omkhulu? OO Yenzeka kuphi? OO Yenzeka nini? OO Ayini amazizo womtloli ngetheksti yakhe? Funda imibuzo yesifundo sokuzwisisa Nawenza njalo qabanga ngetheksti yakho. Lokhu kunikeza umtlhala weempendulo ethekstini. abafundi abanendi babona kungcono bafunde imibuzo ngaphambi kokobana bafunde itheksti. Buyelela ufunde itheksti godu Ngalesisikhathi kumele bonyana sewutlhogomele lokho okubuzwa khona. Umutjho wokuthoma uvamise ukuba mumutjho ophethe koke ngethekstini Zijayeze itheksti. Lokho kuzokwenza bonyana kube lula ukuhlathulula nokuzwisisa lokho okufundako. Ungenza lokhu nawuphendula isifundo sokuzwisisa Thalela imibuzo onegama elibuzako. Thalela amagama amqondo omkhulu. Tjheja amagama akutjela bonyana wenzeni (khetha bewuthalele). 30 Via Afrika » Ukutlola nokwethula

Isahluko 3 Imihlobo yemibuzo OO Imibuzo efuna ilathululo. OO Imubuzo eveza wakho amazizo. OO Imibuzo ufuna utjho amazizo womtloli. OO Imibuzo efuna ipendulo yinye. OO Imibuzo efuna ipendulo emumutjho. OO Imibuzo efuna udzubhule ethekstini. OO Imibuzo efuna iimbonelo. Ukurhunyeza Khuyini ukurhunyeza? Kubuthelela ngobululaa imiqondo eqakathekileko ngombana ufinyeze itheksti leyo ibe yifitjhani ngamagama athize abikiweko. Kubeka ngawakho amagama, imiqondo (ummongo oqakathekilko ngomuntu nanyana ngento ethize ngobufitjhani nangendlela ezwakalako. Iimfuneko zokurhunyeza Kudingeka amaphuzu aqakathekileko kwaphela. Susa ilwazi elingadingekiko njengokubuyekeza, ukuhlathulula nokudzubhula. Sebenzisa wakho amagama, ukutjengiswa bona uyayizwisisa ithksti leyo. Kumele utlole ukurhunyeza ngendlela ebikako begodu ngesikhathi esindlulileko. Indlela ongarhunyeza ngazo Funda imileyo ngokucophelela ukuze wazi bonyana kudingekani njengenani lamagamaelidingekako, nanyan lendima edingekako. Skima itheksti ukuze wazi bonyana ikhuluma ngani [ukuskima likghono lokufunda elikuvumela bona uqale itheksti ukufumana okudingekako (okukhulunywa ngakho). Funda itheksti bese uthalela amagama amqondo omkhulu womutjho, ungathaleli amagama aziimbonelo ahlathululako njalonjalo. Umqondo omkhulu uvamise ukutholakala emutjhweni wokuthoma. Tlola imiqono eqakathekileko. Nawurhunyeza ngendima, hlanganisa amaphuzu aqakathekileko abe yindima yinye bese uyawahlanganisa ngokusebenzisa amagama afanele: kokuthoma, kwesibili nanyana kunjani nomahluko obonakalako hlangana nezinto ezimbili ezindlulele. Khumbula ukusebenzisa wakho amagama kodwana ungalahli umqondo, ungakopisi amagama njengoba anjalo ngombana uzokulahlekelwa mitlomelo. Hlala enanini lamagama onikezwe wona. Tlola umtlamomlingwa (draft) wokuthoma susa ilwazi nanyana amagama angadingekiko. Bala amagamakho – faka nanyana phungula nakamanengi ukuze ukhambelane nomleyo. Editha ukurhunyeza kwakho utjheje amatshwayo wokutlola nakungakatloleki Via Afrika » Ukutlola nokwethula 31

Isahluko 3 kuhle kwelimi. Buyelela utlole umtlolomlingwa nokugcina ngokutjheja bonyan utlole ngewakho amagama. Tlola amagama owasebenzisileko bona mangakhi. (inani lamagama) Umnqopho wokurhunyeza OO Kukusiza ukubona imiqondo eqakatheke khulu emtlolweni nokukhulumisa imiqondo leyo. OO Ukuzwisisa ubudlelwano hlangana namagama, iindima nomutjho. OO Ukukghona ukubona amaphuzu aqakathekileko. 32 Via Afrika » Ukutlola nokwethula

Isahluko 4 Isibonelo sokuhlolwa ISIGABA A Iphepha lokuthoma Imitlomelo: 70 Isikhathi: 2½ Fundisisa indatjana bese uphendula imibuzo. Abantwana abahlanu abahlinzelwe isifo sehliziyo iinyanga ezine ezidlulileko bahlinzwe ngepumelelo begodu bayalulama. Abantwana abahlangana kweminyaka emibili nesithandathu bamukelwe esibhedlela se-Inkosi Albert Luthuli ethekwini . Abodorhodere bokwelapha iinhliziyo izolo abathe emva kokuhlola abentwana baqinisekisa bonyana baphilile saka begodu abasenawo amatshwayo akhambelana nobulwelwe behliziyo. Ukuhlinzwa okwenziwe esibhedlela se Sunninghill esise-Johannesburg kube yipumelelo emva kobana kutholakale iminikelo engaba sigidi samaranda anikelwa i-Walter Sisulu Paediatric Cardiac foundation, yikampani yemayini i-Anglo American umnyaka ogadungileko. Umkhulumeli wesifunda somnyango wezepilo uChris Maxon uthe omunye wabantwana osindileko emva kokuhlinzwa ihliziyo ngoneminyaka esithandathu u-Asanda Cele obuya e-Pietermaritzburg. U-Asanda wabelethwa anembobo hlangana nehliziyo i-Ventricular septal defect ekhandela ukukhamba kweengazi. Isimo sakhe sabonakala amalangana emva kobana abelethiwe. Unina ka Asanda uzamakhosi uthe umntwanalo bekangakghoni ukukhamba nathi bekahlala njalo asarulani ngaphakathi emlonyeni begodu anomgomani ongapheliko. Emva kokuhlinzwa ihliziyo ngepumelelo udlala kamnandi nabanye abentwana, udlala athabile ngaso soke isikhathi nonina kuyamthabisa lokho. U-Asanda umlandeli omkhulu webholo leenyawo begodu unesifiso sokudlalela nokuba mdlali odumileko wesiqhema sebholo ye-Orlando Pirates. Nokobanyana ukuhlinzwa kwabantwana abahlanu kube yipume- lelo kusese nabentwana abadlula ikhulu namasumi amahlanu esibhedlela kwaphela abasehlelweni labantwana abatlolisiweko abalindelwe ukuhlinzwa iinhliziyo. Umphathi wesibhedlela uDorh Sifiso Mtshali uthe basebenza ubusuku nemini ukukhulisa isibhedlela bonyana sithathe inani elinengi labentwana. Isibhedlelesi sinesibopho sokusindisa iimpilo zabentwana kodwana sinesilinganiso sokuthatha abentwana abalikhulu namasumi amahlanu kwaphela ngomnyaka. Umaxon uthe omunye wabentwana KwaZulu-Natal ofuna isizo lamsinyana lokuhlinzwa ihliziyo ngoneenyanga ezilisumi nesithandathu uMohammed Backus obuya ethekwini onamalwelwe amanengi ehliziyweni udosa emhlweni. Isibhedlela angeze sakghona ukumsiza uMohammed akakghoni ukukhula njengabanye abentwana babesana ngaphandle bonyana ahlinzwe ihliziyo. Kufanele sibe nethemba sithandaze bonyana uzimu amphilise. Singathaba nasingathola iminikelo sizokwazi ukubhadelela uMohammed iindleko zesibhedlela kutjho unina. (Ikhutjhwe ku –The New Age) 1 Veza iimbhedlela ezimbili lapho kuhlinzelwa khona isifo sehliziyo. (2) 2 Ngubani umkhulumeli wesifunda somnyango wezipilo? (1) 3 U-Asanda Cele uneminyaka emingaki?  (1) 4 Nikela elinye igama elitjho “ukuthaba” elingekho endatjananeni.  (1) Via Afrika » Isibonelo sokuhlolwa 33

5 Nikela iimphawu ezimbili eziveziweko ezikhombisa bonyana u-Asanda bekagadangelwe bulwelwe behliziyo? (2) 6 Bangaki abentwana abahlinzelwe ubulwelwe besifo sehliziyo? (1) 7 Ngisiphi isiqhema sebholo yeenyawo u-Asanda anesifo sokusidlalela. (1) 8 Ngowakho umbono ngabe kuqakathekile ukukhulisa isibhedlela. sokwelapha isifo sehliziyo na? Sekela ipendulwakho? (3) 9 Ngisiphi isibopho esenziwe sibhedlela ngokuya kwendatjana le? (2) 10 Hlathulula bona kutjho ukuthini okulandelako: “Ukudosa emhlweni”? (2) 11 Fundisisa umutjho ongenzasi, utjho bona mbono nanyana liqiniso ngokusekela ipendulwakho. 12 Abantu abaphathwa sisifo sehliziyo besana abadla ukudla. Funda nasi itheksti uphendule imibuzo: ISIGABA B Umbuzo 2 Ukurhunyeza Funda umtlolo ongenzasi bese uyawuhunyeza ngokwemiyalo elandelako IMIYALO: 1 Ngamagama angadluli kwama-70 rhunyeza uveze amaphuzu alikhomba wezinto ebezibhudangwa nguMnyazwa ngemitjho epheleleko. 2 Nombora imitjhwako kusukela kowokuthoma bekufike kowekhomba. 3 Umutjho owutlolako awube nomqondo owodwa. 4 Tlola inani lamagama owasebenzisileko ekupheleni kwesirhunyezo sakho. UMMOYA WETHANDO Hawu! Weqa ekoloyini ikhamba uMnyazwa wawela etjanini wagedeka, wavuka wajama ngeenyawo wazi- sula ithuli ebesele lizele izambatho nomzimba woke. Wakhafula ihlabathi wathintitha izambatho, wathula wabamba ihloko. “Hawu pheze ngafa lapha kwale abezimu nozimu’. “Nx ngizazibuyiselela kungakap- heli amalanga amangaki. Angenziwa njalo utjho uphefumulela phezulu”, ubovu be iingazi, umanzi qhi ngengurumela. Uthukile. Athe uyakhamba kwale. Ulingile ukuyibonisana noMsongelwa umnganakhe avulelana naye isifuba nakanomraro ngentombakhe uSphenge esele inamehlo amanengi. Athandaze abize ummoya oCwengileko bonyana umsize nangabe ngusathana amtjhidele angatjhideli endabeni zakhe nesithandwa sakhe. “Azembiwa mgodi munye nami nginawo amandla wokuzilwela.” Nakacabanga ngendlela amgidlhela ngakho uSphenge zehle iinyembezi. “Ngingabuyela kabili,” kutjho uMnyazwa. Afike ekhaya athi uyalala ubuthongo bulikhombe libaba. Pheze imiqondo emibili iyahlangana bese yenza umqondo ongabonaka- liko wesithathu ohlangeneko waba yinyanda okuthiwa lithando. Athi nakathi weqa embhedeni. “Hawu! Ngiyabhudanga.” Avuke, athule bekacole. 1 Funda imitjho engenzasi bese uphendula imibuzo. Ubaba uhlaba ikomo. Ipholisa libopha isela. 2 Buyelela utlole imitjho engehla le kodwana uthome ngamagama athalelweko. (2) 3 Khetha isenzukuthi esinembakho bese uqedelela imitjho le. (1) UMnyazwa bekabovu (bhe, be)  (1) Izambatho bezimanzi (qhi. Nge)  (1) 34 Via Afrika » Isibonelo sokuhlolwa

4 Funda umutjho ongenzasi bese uphendula umbuzo olandelako. Abentwana abanengi basela inghana ebusika ngenca yomgomani. Thatha igama elitlolwe ngokunzima khulu ngehla utlole omunye umutjho ozozakhela wona kodwana uveze enye ihlathululo. (2) 5 Funda umutjho ongenzasi bese uphendula umbuzo olandelako. Abentazana bathanda ijemu. Buyelela utlole umutjho ongehla bese kuthi esikhundleni samagama atlolwe ngokunzima khulu usebenzise isabizwana samambala.  (2) 6 Funda umutjho ongenzasi bese uphendula umbuzo. Ubamkhulu umthengele ibisi. Nikela izakhiwo ezimbili ezakhe igama eltlolwe ngokunzima khulu.  (2) 7 Funda umutjho ongenzasi bese uphendula umbuzo. Badla inyama nomnawa. Tjhugulula umutjho ongehla lo uveze ukuphika. (2) 8 Buyelela utlole umutjho olandelako esikhundleni samagama athalelweko utlole igama elilodwa. Umma uye lapha silahla khona iinzibi.  (2) 9 Funda umutjho ongenzasi bese uphendula umbuzo. Boke abantu beengubo akukafaneli bambathe amabhrugu gombana akabafaneli. Ingabe umutjho lo ULIQINISO nanyana MBONO? Sekela ipendulwakho.  (3) 10 Funda umutjho ongenzasi bese uphendula umbuzo. Ukatsu ulele eziko. Zakhele wakho umutjho ngesagesi kubonakale bona uyasizwisisa.  (2) 11 Funda umutjho ongenzasi bese uphendula umbuzo olandelako. UBathabile uthanda ukufunda ubaba incwadi. Emutjhweni ongehla thatha igama elithalelweko ngaphasi uzakhele wakho umutjho uveze umqondo wokwenzela.  (3) 12 Funda isikhangiso esilandelako bese uphendula imibuzo UKUPHUMELELA OKUPHUMA PHAMBILI!!!IIMFUNDO EZINGEZELELWEKO ABAFUNDI BEGREYIDI 10, 11, 12THOLA IIMFUNDO NGOMQIBELO NEEMFUNDO ZEKHOMPHYUTHA SIMAHLA RHABA ESIYATHUTHUKA SCHOOL. Imibandela Uzokubhadela imali engange – R100. 00 ngenyanga. Yewize nomazisakho. Iza nebizo lesikolo sakho. Kubayini kutlolwe ngamagabhadlhela emagameni wokuthoma. (2) 13 Ngabe kungani imibandela itlolwe ngamaledere amancani. Tlola iphuzu ELILODWA.  (2) 14 Qalisisa isithombe esilandelakio bese uphendula imibuzo. Kwenzakalani esithombenesi? 15 Ucabanga bona yini engenziwa mthetho ukukhandela lokhu?  (2) 16 Ingabe iingozi ezinengi zenziwa (batjhayeli, mapholisa, babantu abakhamba ngeenyawo) khetha zimbili.  (2) IMITLOMELO [70] Via Afrika » Isibonelo sokuhlolwa 35

UKUHLOLWA KWESIQUNTO SOMNYAKA Iinhlahlubo zesiqunto somnyaka ITHEMU:2 Umsebenzi 5 [10] Umsebenzi 6 [35] Umsebenzi 7 [250] **zomlomo: Zemitlolo: Iinhlahlubo zesiqunto Ikulumo elungisweko/ikulumo Imibuzo emifitjhani [10] somnyaka engakalungiselelwa Imibuzoemide [25] Iphepha 1– ilimi elisetjenzwiswa ebujameni obutheleko [70] Iphepha 2 – Zomtlolo [80] Iphepha 3 – Imitlolo yokuzitlamela ngatlolwa ngo Meyi/Juni) [100] 36 Via Afrika » Isibonelo sokuhlolwa

Memorandamu ISIGABA A 1 Inkosi Albert Luthuli √ Sunninghill √ 2 Chris Maxon √ 3 Esithandathu √ 4 Ukujabula √ 5 Bekangakghoni ukukhamba √ Bekanomgomani ongapheliko √ 6 Bahlanu √ 7 Orlando Pirates √ 8 Kuqakathekile. Inani labentwana abanesifo sehliziyo banengi khulu ukudlula isilinganiso esibekelwe inani elingathathwa eembhedlela ngalokho isibhedlela kufanele sikhuliwse. (Nokhunye okungavezwa bafundi basekela ipendulwabo)√√ √ 9 Sokusindisa iimpilo zabentwana √ √ 10 Ukutlhaga √ √ 11 Mbono. Isifo sehliziyo siphatha woke umuntu nabeengubo √√ √ 12 Zamakhosi ! Kuqakatheke ngombana uzokwazi ukuhlela ikulumakhe. Uzokwazi ukufinyelela ezingeni labamukelilwazi azobathulela ikulumo. Uzokwazi nokukhetha amagama afanele abamukelilwazwi bakhe. ! Yikulumo ehleliweko ngesihloko esikhethiweko ezokwethulwa ngehloso yokudlulisa umlayezo othileko kubamukelilwazi abathileko. ! Kuqakathekile ukwenza irhubhululo uzokwazi ukuba nelwazi elidephileko nofana elaneleko mayelana nesihloko ozosethula nokuba namaphuzu aneleko ukusekela ikulumakho. a Isingeniso b umzimba c Isiphetho ! Ukudosa abamukelilwazi ISIGABA B UKURHUNYEZA IRUBRIGI YOKUTSHWAYA UKURHUNYEZA Amaphuzu ali-7 = 7 imitlomelo Ilimi = 3 imitlomelo Inani loke ! Abafundi kufanele bathule isirhunyezo ngefomede elindelweko. Iinrhunyezo ezethulwe ngendlela ekungasingiyo azizokuhlolwa. ! Tlomelisa kwaphela amaphuzu atlolwe ngemitjho epheleleko. ! Ukutlama\ukutlhatlhabeja kufuze kutjengiswe kuhle. Nakungasinjalo tshwaya umsebenzi wokuthoma onikelwe ngokurhunyezwa. ! Abafundi kufanele batjengise ukubalwa kwamagama okunembako. ! Tlomelisa ngendlela elandelako Via Afrika » Memorandamu 37

! Imitlomelo eli-7 ayinikelwe amaphuzu ali-7 ! Imitlomelo emi-3 ayinikelwe ilimi UKURHUNYEZA Iinrhunyezo ezide khulu, funda bewufike emagameni ama-75 kwaphela ngaphezu kobude obulindelweko bese ungasatshwayi/ungasatjheji ipendulo elandelako iinrhunyezo ezifitjhani kodwana ezinamaphuzu woke afunekako, umfundi akangajeziswa. ! Ubutjhapho obenziwe elimini (ihlelo, ukupeledwa kwamagama, amatshwayo wokutlola). Khupha emitlomelweni emithathu yelimi njengangenzasi: ! Ubutjhapho busukela ku-0-4, akangajeziswa umfundi ! Ubutjhapho obu-5-10, khupha umtlomelo owodwa. ! Ubutjhapho obu-11-15, khupha imitlomelo emi-2. ! Ubutjhapho obu-16 nanyana angaphezulu, khupha imitlomelo EMITHATHU. ! Umfundi nakadzubhule umutjho woke njengombana unjalo, mjezise njengangenzasi ususela emitlomelweni yoke eyatjelwe amaphuzu wokusetjenziswa kwelimi. ! Nakadzubhule umutjho 1-3, umfundi akangajeziswa. ! Nakadzubhule imitjho 4-5, khupha umtlomelo OWODWA. ! Nakadzubhule imitjho 6-7, khupha imitlomelo EMIBILI. YELELA: Iinrhunyezo zamagama azingasetjenziswa kodwana nazingafunyanwa esirhunyezweni, zifuze zibalwe njengegama ezilijameleko nelipheleleko. ISIGABA C UMBUZO 3 1 Ikomo ihlatjwa ngubaba. 2 Isela libotjhwa lipholisa. 3 a Be b Qhi 4 Uzodwa wabelethwa nakuwela intanga yamanghana. 5 Bona bathanda yona. 6 Ubaba = ibizo (b) omkhulu = isiphawulo 7 Abakadli inyama nomnawa/abadli inyama nomnawa. 8 Ezaleni 9 Solokho ubaba angasenziko ekhaya akusenakudla ukatsu ulala eziko. 10 Mbono. Abantu beengubo amabhrugu kufanele bawambathe. Abanye ayabafanela. Umutjho lo uyabandlulula ngobulili. 11 Ubathabile uthanda ukufundela ubaba incwadi. 12 Ukudosa abafundi 13 Ukuze babone nasele baseduze ngemininingwana. 14 Ingozi endleleni 15 Ukwehliswa kwebelo endleleni/ukubopha abantu abatjhayela badakiwe. (Nokhiunye okungavezwa bafundi) 16 Batjhayeli Babantu abakhamba ngeenyawo IMITHOMELO: 70 38 Via Afrika » Memorandamu

Abafundi bazakutlola ukuhlolwa kwesiqunto somnyaka Ukuhlolwa kwesiqunto somnyaka Iinhlahlubo zesiqunto somnyaka. ITHEMU:2 Umsebenzi 5 [10] Umsebenzi 6 [35] **zomlomo: Iinhlahlubo zesiqunto somnyaka Ikulumo elungisweko/ikulumo Iphepha 1- ilimi elisetjenzwiswa engakalungiselelwa ebujameni obutheleko [70] Iphepha 2- Zomtlolo [80] Iphepha 3-Imitlolo yokuzitlamela ngatlolwa kuMrhayili/kuMgwengweni) [100] Ukuhlolwa ngesiqhema Amagama 1. ………………………………………… 6. …………………………………………………… 2. ………………………………………... 7. …………………………………………………… 3. ……………………………………….. 8. …………………………………………………… 4. ……………………………………….. 9. …………………………………………………… 5. ………………………………………. 10. …………………………………………………. Phendula imibuzo elandelako: 1 Sizibandakanye soke? Iye Awa 2 Siwuzwisisile soke umthetho? Iye Awa 3 Ukhona otlhoga isizo? Iye Awa 4 Kukhona okubudisi? Iye Awa 5 Siqede ngesikhathi? Iye Awa 6 Sikwazile ukukhulumisana? Iye Awa 7 Sitlhoga isizo? Iye Awa Via Afrika » Memorandamu 39

40 Via Afrika » Memorandamu