Life Sciences Grade 10 North West June 2017 Memo

GRADE 10 LIFE SCIENCES MEMO JUNE EXAMINATION 2017

SECTION A QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 D 1.1.2 D 1.1.3 D 1.1.4 D 1.1.5 C 1.1.6 B 1.1.7 C 1.1.8 A 1.1.9 C 1.1.10 B(20) 1.2 1.2.1 Antagonistic muscles 1.2.2 kwashiorkor 1.2.3 monosaccharide 1.2.4 ciliated epithelium 1.2.5 chloroplast 1.2.6 epidermis 1.2.7 enzymes 1.2.8 osmosis (8) 1.3 1.3.1 NONE 1.3.2 B ONLY 1.3.3 NONE 1.3.4 A ONLY 1.3.5 A ONLY 1.3.6 BOTH A and B(12) 1.4 1.4.1 Microscope (1) 1.4.2 A-Course adjustment control C- Arm D- Stand/fool plate  E- Stage  (4)(5) 1.5 1.5.1 a) E b) A c) B (3) 1.5.2 Lock and key theory (2) (5) TOTAL SECTION A: 50

SECTION B QUESTION 2 2.1 A- centriole B- spindle fibre C- chromatid D- centromere(4) 1.5.2. Eight (8)(1) 1.5.3. Four (4) (1) 1.5.4. GrowthRepairReproduction  any 2 (2) (8) 2.2 2.2.1 Cell Y (1) 2.2.2 -Cell wall -Chloroplasts -Large vacuoles(Any 2) (2) 2.2.3 A: Mitochondria B: Endoplasmic reticulum (2) 2.2.4 -Stores water and minerals -Provides turgidity (2) 2.2.5 Structure A  2.2.6 Table = ONE mark Cell Y (PLANT CELL) Cell X (ANIMAL CELL) Cell wall present Cell wall absent Large vacuole Vacuoles small  Has chloroplasts Has no chloroplasts No centriole Has centriole ( any two differences(4) + table(1) (5) (12)

2.3 2.3.1 a) F – guard cells around stomata b) G – Xylem (4) 2.3.2 Palisade parenchyma/palisade mesophyll (1) 2.3.3 Lots of chloroplasts for more sunlight therefore more photosynthesis Arranged perpendicular to epidermis to allow for more cells to be ableto get sunlight (2X2=4) 2.3.4 spongy mesophyllableto get sunlight (1) 2.3.5 Rounded in shape. Large surface area for absorbtion of carbon dioxide and water Allows for intercellular spaces for gases to diffuse (3) 2.3.6 F contains more chloroplastsfor more photosynthesis  To allow opening and closure for more carbon dioxide to enter Inner walls are thicker than outer walls – not the case with epidermal cells (any 2X2 = 4) 2.3.7 Transpiration would not occur. Gaseous exchange would not occur The plant would die (3) (20) [40] QUESTION 3 3.1 3.1.1 Carbohydrates  (1) 3.1.2 Monosaccharides /glucose (1) 3.1.3 -Building blocks of all organic material in cells -Enzymes are proteins which control many reactions  -Hormones are proteins which control metabolic activities/processes -Reserve source of energy (3)

3.1.4 Rubric to be used to assess the diagram of lipid Heading  One glycerol  Three fatty acids  Structure E-shaped  (4) 3.1.5 Iron  (1)(10) 3.2 3.2.1 A = clavicle  B = sternum  C = (costal) cartilage  (3) 3.2.2 Vertebrae / vertebral column / spinal column (1) 3.2.3 Heart  and lungs  (2) 3.2.4 Osteoporosis  (1) (7) 3.3 3.3.1 a = tendon / sinew  b = muscle to bone  c = (hyaline) cartilage  d = chondrytes (cells) in protein chondrin in spaces lacunae e = ligament (5) 3.3.2 Hinge  (1) (6) 3.4 3.4.1. Transverse section of a stem.  (1) 3.4.2 - Lack of root hairs - Evidence of secondary thickening/

- Presence of vascular bundles - Presence of a pith and hypodermis Any 2 (2x2)= (4) 3.4.3 - Hardened with lignin – support - Pits in their walls – lateral movement of water - Elongated, hollow, forms long tubes – for water to flow through - Cross walls absent or perforated – allows for rapid movement of water Any 3 (3) 3.4.4. Yes(1) 3.4.5. A thick, dark annual ring shows that water in plentiful, whereas a thin light ring shows that the tree experienced a dry year.(1)(10) 3.5 3.5.1. Embryonic cells can be used to breed bean plants on a growth medium  OR (2) Embryonic cells cannot be used to breed bean plants on a growth medium  (any 1 of the above hypotheses for 2 marks) 3.5.2. Cloning (1) 3.5.3. Type of growth medium.  Size of petri-dishes. Number of embryonic cells. Amount of growth medium. Temperature. Amount of sunlight. Type of plant. Area on plant where embryonic cells are extracted. Time allowed for growth of plants. (mark FIRST 2) (2) 3.5.4. Mitosis (1) 3.5.5. They believe that people are trying to play God.  It leads to a decrease in genetic variety. Survival of cloned organisms are uncertain. Too many identical individuals might lead to more crime. (mark FIRST 1) (1)

(7) [40]

SECTION C QUESTION 4 4.1 Possible answer Introduction X 1 mark Connective supports and joins the other tissues of the body together. Any 4 tissues X 4 marks = 16 Tissue  Structure  (function must relate to the foot) Function  (function must relate to the foot) White fibrous connective tissue forms tendons that attach skeletal muscles to bone It forms the periosteum, a tough layer that surrounds long bone of the femur. closely packed fibrous collagen fibres that are arranged in parallel rows provides strength and elasticity to allow for maximum support. Yellow elastic tissue forms ligaments that connect bones to bones. holds bones in place at joints prevents dislocation during normal movement dense network of elastic fibres yellow in colour due to the presence of the elastic fibres, which provides greater elasticity. Hyaline cartilage covers and protects the ends of bones at the moveable joints acts as a shock absorber in joints translucent bluish-white appearance white collagenous fibres in a matrix which is tough yet flexible. Bone tissue Haversian systems that extend lengthwise through the bone Each system consists of a hollow canal called the Haversian canal contains tiny blood vessels, a nerve fibre and a lymph vessel matrix is hard and strong and is made of water, supporting salts of calcium and collagenous fibres. provides a place for muscles to attach Voluntary striated muscles spindle-shaped slender cells called fibres (myofibril) myofibrils have alternating light and dark bands - striated or striped appearance well-developed properties of contraction that enable movement when stimulated by a nerve Multipolar neurons Found between central nervous system and the effectors short-branched dendrites and one long axon

Axon terminates in a motor end plate lying within the sheath of the muscle fibre carries impulses away from the spine and brain towards the muscles in foot and leg to move ASSESSING THE PRESENTATION OF THE ESSAY Criteria Relavance (R) Logical Sequence (L) Comprehensive (C) General Al information Ideas are arranged Al aspects required provided is relevant in a logical by the essay have to the topic sequence been sufficiently addressed In this essay Only information Information Any 4 tissue, relevant to the regarding the structure and adaptation of the movement of the function was movement of the foot foot are arranged in discussed is given a logical way Marks 1 1 1 Synthesis (3) (20) TOTAL SECTION C: 20 GRAND TOTAL: 150