Technology Grade 8 Paper 1 November Mock 2026 Memo

Copyright reserved Please turn over Mock hlayiso mock exams Practice Series: Grade 8 Exam Preparation WWW.HLAYISO.COM SENIOR PHASE END-OF-YEAR EXAMINATION GRADE 8 TECHNOLOGY NOVEMBER 2026 (MOCK) MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 100 These marking guidelines consist of 10 pages.

Technology 2 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines Hlayiso/Mock 2026 GENERAL MARKING GUIDELINES 1. One tick (✓) = one mark. 2. Accept answers that are worded differently but are technologically correct. Accept spelling that is clearly understandable. 3. Where a question asks for a number of answers (e.g. TWO), mark only the first answers given, in the order given. 4. Calculations: award marks for the formula/substitution and for the correct answer with the correct unit as shown. Apply consistent accuracy (CA): if an incorrect answer from an earlier part is used correctly later, award the later marks. 5. Drawings: use the rubrics given. Drawings done freehand on the annexures (without a ruler) lose the neatness/line-quality mark only. 6. Answers that appear in brackets ( ) are alternatives or extra information and are not required for the mark. COGNITIVE LEVELS (approximate): Knowledge/recall 32 marks (32%), comprehension and application 46 marks (46%), analysis, evaluation and design/drawing (higher order) 22 marks (22%). Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technology 3 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines Hlayiso/Mock 2026 SECTION A: SHORT QUESTIONS QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 C ✓ a dam wall is a solid (mass) structure (1) 1.1.2 B ✓ feint lines = construction lines (1) 1.1.3 C ✓ 2 : 1 is an enlargement: drawing twice the real size (1) 1.1.4 D ✓ cable-stayed bridge (1) 1.1.5 C ✓ braai tongs: effort between fulcrum and load (1) 1.1.6 A ✓ compressed air (1) 1.1.7 B ✓ positive to negative (1) 1.1.8 A ✓ step-up transformer increases the voltage (1) 1.1.9 B ✓ wind (1) 1.1.10 D ✓ a switch is a control device (1) 1.2 1.2.1 C ✓ lintel (1) 1.2.2 E ✓ keystone (1) 1.2.3 B ✓ triangulation (1) 1.2.4 A ✓ fulcrum (1) 1.2.5 D ✓ driver gear (F = idler gear is not used) (1) [15] TOTAL SECTION A: 15 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technology 4 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines Hlayiso/Mock 2026 SECTION B: STRUCTURES QUESTION 2 2.1.1 Tension ✓ (1) 2.1.2 Torsion ✓ (Accept: bending – the spanner handle bends.) (1) 2.1.3 Bending ✓ (1) 2.1.4 Shear ✓ (1) 2.2.1 A: rafter ✓ B: tie-beam (ceiling joist) ✓ C: king post ✓ D: strut (brace) ✓ (4) 2.2.2 A triangle cannot change its shape when a force is applied (it is rigid) ✓, so the truss is strong and stable and spreads the weight of the roof to the walls ✓ (without bending/collapsing). (2) 2.3.1 FIGURE A: arch bridge ✓ FIGURE B: suspension bridge ✓ (2) 2.3.2 The arch is in compression ✓: the load is pushed along (around) the curve of the arch down to the abutments/supports on the river banks, which carry it into the ground. ✓ (2) 2.3.3 X: tower (pylon) ✓ Y: anchorage (anchor block) ✓ (2) 2.3.4 FIGURE B (suspension bridge) ✓ Reason, any ONE ✓: it can span very long distances (900 m) without piers in the river; the deck hangs high above the water so ships can pass under it; it is light compared with its length. No mark for the reason if FIGURE A is chosen. (2) [18] TOTAL SECTION B: 18 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technology 5 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines Hlayiso/Mock 2026 SECTION C: GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION AND DESIGN QUESTION 3 3.1 A design brief must say WHAT will be designed/made ✓and for WHOM/WHY ✓, e.g. “I will design and make a wooden phone holder from one piece of pine that will hold a learner’s cellphone upright on a desk so that it does not fall and break.” (2) 3.2 Any THREE specifications ✓✓✓, e.g. • The slot must be wide enough for a phone in a thick cover (or a small tablet) to stand in it. • The block must be stable/heavy enough so that it does not tip over with the phone in it. • It must be small enough to fit on a desk (e.g. not longer than 100 mm). • All edges must be sanded smooth (no splinters/sharp corners). • It must be finished with varnish/paint to protect the wood and look neat. • It must not scratch the phone or the desk (e.g. felt on the base). • It must be cheap/use offcuts; it must be made within a given time. Do NOT award “made from pine” (given in the scenario). (3) 3.3 1: front view ✓ 2: top view (plan) ✓ 3: left view (end view, side view from the left) ✓ Accept “side view” for 3. (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technology 6 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines Hlayiso/Mock 2026 3.4 Isometric drawing (ANNEXURE A) – rubric: Criterion Marks Started at P; vertical edges vertical and horizontal edges along the 30◦grid lines 1 Length 100 mm (10 spaces) 1 Depth (width) 60 mm (6 spaces) 1 Height 60 mm (6 spaces) 1 Slot 40 mm wide (4 spaces), in the centre (30 mm from each end) 2 Slot 30 mm deep (3 spaces) 1 Slot runs through the full depth (visible slot floor and inside wall) 1 All visible edges shown; no extra or missing lines 1 Neatness and line work (dark outlines, ruler used) 1 Total 10 Model answer (reduced; P is the lowest front corner, U-shaped face to the right of P): P (10) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technology 7 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines Hlayiso/Mock 2026 3.5 First-angle orthographic projection (ANNEXURE B) – rubric: Criterion Marks FRONT VIEW: correct T-shape 1 FRONT VIEW: correct sizes (80 × 50; flange 15 high; stem 30 wide in the centre) 1 TOP VIEW: rectangle 80 × 40 1 TOP VIEW: TWO hidden (dashed) lines 30 mm apart showing the stem 1 TOP VIEW placed BELOW the front view (first angle) 1 Views aligned (projected) with each other 1 Correct line types and neatness (dark outlines, ruler used) 1 Total 7 Model answer (reduced, real dimensions in mm): FRONT VIEW TOP VIEW 50 15 30 40 A correctly drawn third-angle layout (top view above) loses the layout mark only (max. 6). (7) [25] TOTAL SECTION C: 25 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technology 8 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines Hlayiso/Mock 2026 SECTION D: MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND CONTROL QUESTION 4 4.1.1 Second-class lever ✓ Reason: the load is between the fulcrum (wheel) and the effort (handles). ✓ (2) 4.1.2 Load × load distance = effort × effort distance 600×0,4 = effort×1,2 ✓ effort = 240 1,2 ✓ = 200 N ✓ (3) 4.1.3 MA = load effort = 600 200 ✓ = 3 (3 : 1) ✓ (CA from 4.1.2) Alternative: MA = effort distance load distance = 1,2 0,4 = 3. (2) 4.2.1 Gear ratio = 10 40 ✓ = 1 : 4 (0,25) ✓ (2) 4.2.2 speed of B = speed of A×teeth on A teeth on B = 60×40 10 ✓ = 240 r/min ✓ Alternative: 60 0,25 = 240 r/min (CA from 4.2.1). (2) 4.2.3 Anticlockwise (opposite direction to gear A) ✓ (1) 4.2.4 Speed ✓ (the small driven gear turns faster than the large driver gear) (1) 4.2.5 Idler gear ✓ (1) 4.3.1 Bevel gears ✓ (1) 4.3.2 They change the direction of rotation through 90◦(from a vertical plane to a horizontal plane). ✓ (1) 4.4.1 Headgear (headframe) ✓ (1) 4.4.2 Fixed pulley (sheave wheel) ✓ (1) 4.4.3 It changes the direction of the force (the pull of the winding drum is turned into an upward/downward movement of the cage in the shaft). ✓ (1) 4.4.4 Ratchet and pawl ✓ (accept: brake) (1) [20] TOTAL SECTION D: 20 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technology 9 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines Hlayiso/Mock 2026 SECTION E: ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS AND CONTROL QUESTION 5 5.1.1 A: battery (cells) ✓ B: switch (open push/toggle switch) ✓ C: lamp (light bulb) ✓ D: buzzer ✓ (4) 5.1.2 A: input ✓ B: control ✓ C: output ✓ (3) 5.1.3 Series ✓ (1) 5.1.4 D (the buzzer) will stop working, because the circuit is broken (there is only one path for the current). ✓ (1) 5.2 Example: 2 cells closed switch A ammeter Two cells ✓ closed switch ✓ two lamps in parallel ✓ ammeter in series in the main line (before the branches) ✓ Ammeter placed in only one branch: no mark for the ammeter. Ignore the order of components in the main line. (4) 5.3.1 OR logic (OR gate) ✓ (1) 5.3.2 In parallel ✓ (1) [15] TOTAL SECTION E: 15 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technology 10 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines Hlayiso/Mock 2026 SECTION F: IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY QUESTION 6 6.1 Any TWO ✓✓: electric shock (people/children can be shocked or killed by bare wires); fires (shacks burn down after a short circuit); the transformer overloads/explodes so the whole community has no power; the clinic cannot work without power. (2) 6.2 A short circuit happens when the current takes a path with (almost) no resistance (e.g. bare wires touch), so a very large current flows, the wires overheat and can start a fire. ✓ (1) 6.3 Any TWO ✓✓: air pollution (smoke, soot, harmful gases); greenhouse gases/carbon dioxide cause global warming (climate change); acid rain; coal mining damages the land/causes acid mine drainage; large amounts of water are used; ash dumps. (2) 6.4 Any TWO ✓✓: solar energy is renewable (will not run out); it does not pollute the air; sunlight is free so it saves money after installation; South Africa has a lot of sunshine; houses get power even when the grid is overloaded/during load-shedding; it reduces illegal connections (safer). (2) [7] TOTAL SECTION F: 7 GRAND TOTAL: 100 Copyright reserved