Economic and Management Sciences Grade 9 P2 2026 Memo (Eng)

Mock hlayiso mock exams Practice Series: Grade 9 Exam Preparation WWW.HLAYISO.COM SENIOR PHASE END-OF-YEAR EXAMINATION GRADE 9 ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES P2 THE ECONOMY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP NOVEMBER 2026 (MOCK) MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 80 These marking guidelines consist of 9 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

EMS/P2 2 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines GENERAL MARKING GUIDELINES 1. One tick (✓) = one mark. In explanations, two ticks (✓✓) are given for a fully developed point; award ONE mark for a correct but incomplete point. 2. These guidelines are not exhaustive. Accept any other relevant and correct answer, also answers in the learner’s own words. 3. Where a question asks for ONE (or TWO) answers, mark only the FIRST one (or FIRST two) given. 4. Spelling errors are not penalised if the meaning is clear. In Section A, accept the letter OR the full correct answer. 5. In QUESTION 8.2 a point may be quoted directly from the case study or rephrased in the learner’s own words. COGNITIVE LEVELS (approximate): Lower order (knowledge and recall) 29 marks (36%); middle order (comprehension and application) 31 marks (39%); higher order (analysis, evaluation and problem solving) 20 marks (25%). Question Topic (CAPS Grade 9) Marks Term 1 All topics (short questions) 20 1–4 2 The economy: economic systems 6 1 3 The economy: circular flow 8 1 4 The economy: price theory (demand and supply) 8 2 5 The economy: trade unions 8 3 6 Entrepreneurship: sectors of the economy 9 2 7 Entrepreneurship: functions of a business, 10 3 management 8 Entrepreneurship: business plan (SWOT, costs, 11 4 components) TOTAL 80 Copyright reserved Please turn over

EMS/P2 3 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines SECTION A: ALL TOPICS QUESTION 1 1.1 MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS 1.1.1 C ✓✓ mixed economy (2) 1.1.2 B ✓✓ the start of the school year increases the need for school (2) shoes 1.1.3 C ✓✓ a bakery and a car assembly plant manufacture (process) (2) products 1.1.4 A ✓✓ picketing (2) 1.1.5 B ✓✓ (ii) is wrong: new and small businesses also need a (2) business plan (5 x 2) [10] 1.2 MATCHING ITEMS 1.2.1 D ✓ (Collective bargaining) (1) 1.2.2 B ✓ (Globalisation) (1) 1.2.3 E ✓ (Equilibrium price) (1) 1.2.4 F ✓ (Risk management function) (1) 1.2.5 C ✓ (Target market) (1) (5 x 1) [5] 1.3 CHOOSE THE CORRECT WORD 1.3.1 unskilled ✓ (1) 1.3.2 sustainable ✓ (1) 1.3.3 lockout ✓ (1) 1.3.4 increase ✓ (1) 1.3.5 mission ✓ (1) (5 x 1) [5] TOTAL SECTION A: 20 Copyright reserved Please turn over

EMS/P2 4 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines SECTION B: THE ECONOMY QUESTION 2: ECONOMIC SYSTEMS 2.1.1 Planned economy ✓ (Accept: command economy/centrally planned economy.) (1) 2.1.2 • The state/government owns the store (and the means of production). ✓✓ • The government (Central Planning Office) fixes the prices; prices are not set by demand and supply. • There is no choice for consumers – only one type of bread/one style of shoes. • Private shops/private ownership are not allowed; there is no competition. • The government decides what is produced and when it is delivered. Any ONE reason from the notice. (Accept any other relevant answer.) (2) 2.2.1 Market economy ✓ 2.2.2 Mixed economy ✓ 2.2.3 Planned economy ✓ (accept command economy) (3) [6] QUESTION 3: CIRCULAR FLOW 3.1 A: Government ✓ B: Factor market ✓ (accept: resource market/input market/labour market) (2) 3.2 Factor of production Remuneration Land 3.2.1 Rent ✓ Labour 3.2.2 Wages/salaries ✓ 3.2.3 Capital ✓ Interest 3.2.4 Entrepreneurship ✓ Profit (4 x 1) (4) 3.3 • Personal income tax (PAYE) ✓ • Value-added tax (VAT) ✓ • Property rates/municipal rates • Fuel levy • Excise duties (e.g. on cold drinks with sugar, cigarettes, alcohol) • Transfer duty (when buying a house) Any TWO. (2 x 1) (2) [8] Copyright reserved Please turn over

EMS/P2 5 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 4: PRICE THEORY 4.1 The law of demand states that when the price of a product increases, the quantity demanded decreases ✓, and when the price decreases, the quantity demanded increases ✓ (all other factors remaining the same). OR: There is an inverse/negative relationship ✓ between the price of a product and the quantity demanded ✓. (2) 4.2.1 Demand and supply of vetkoek 30 D S 25 20 Price (R) 15 E: R15; 100 vetkoek 10 5 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 Quantity (vetkoek) Marking: • Vertical axis labelled Price (R) and horizontal axis labelled Quantity ✓ (both needed) • Demand curve plotted correctly (downward sloping through the 5 points) ✓ • Supply curve plotted correctly (upward sloping through the 5 points) ✓ • Both curves labelled correctly (D/Demand and S/Supply) ✓ • Equilibrium point indicated where the curves cross (R15; 100) ✓ If the axes are swapped (price on the horizontal axis), award a maximum of 3 marks. (5) 4.2.2 R15 ✓ (1) [8] Copyright reserved Please turn over

EMS/P2 6 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 5: TRADE UNIONS 5.1 A trade union is an organisation of workers (employees) ✓ that protects and promotes the rights and interests of its members, e.g. by negotiating with employers for better wages and working conditions. ✓ (2) 5.2 Go-slow ✓ (1) 5.3 • Guests are unhappy because of poor service (rooms cleaned late, breakfast late), so the hotel may lose customers/bookings. ✓✓ • The hotel may receive bad reviews/complaints, which damages its image/reputation. • Less work is done (lower productivity), so the hotel may lose income/profit. • The hotel may have to refund guests or pay overtime/hire temporary workers, which increases costs. • Management may be pressured to agree to higher wage demands, which increases costs. Any ONE, fully explained. (Accept any other relevant answer.) (2) 5.4 • Negotiate for better/safer working conditions (e.g. safe kitchen equipment, reasonable working hours). ✓✓ • Protect workers against unfair treatment/unfair dismissal and represent them in disciplinary hearings. • Help to settle disputes (conflict) between employers and employees through collective bargaining. • Offer members advice, legal assistance and training/skills development. • Make sure that employers obey labour laws (e.g. Basic Conditions of Employment Act, Labour Relations Act). • Organise lawful (protected) industrial action when negotiations fail. Any ONE, discussed. Do NOT accept “negotiating for higher wages”. (Accept any other relevant answer.) (2) 5.5 SADTU (South African Democratic Teachers’ Union) ✓ Also accept: NAPTOSA, SAOU, PEU, NATU. (1) [8] TOTAL SECTION B: 30 Copyright reserved Please turn over

EMS/P2 7 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines SECTION C: ENTREPRENEURSHIP QUESTION 6: SECTORS OF THE ECONOMY 6.1 (a) Primary sector ✓ (b) Secondary sector ✓ (c) Tertiary sector ✓ (3 x 1) (3) 6.2 • Primary depends on secondary/tertiary: The citrus farm (primary) sells its oranges to the juice factory, so the factory provides the farm with an income; the farm also needs machinery, fertiliser and packaging made by the secondary sector. ✓✓ • Secondary depends on primary and tertiary: The juice factory (secondary) needs raw materials (oranges) from the farm to make the juice ✓, and it needs transport, banking/insurance and retailers (tertiary) to move and sell the juice. ✓ • Tertiary depends on secondary: The supermarket (tertiary) needs finished products (bottled juice) from the factory to sell to consumers ✓; it provides services (transport, selling, banking) to the other two sectors. ✓ Award 2 marks per sector relationship clearly explained (3 x 2). Learners may use a correctly labelled flow diagram with explanations. If the sectors are only named without explaining the dependence, award a maximum of 2 marks. (Accept any other relevant answer.) (6) [9] Copyright reserved Please turn over

EMS/P2 8 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 7: FUNCTIONS OF A BUSINESS 7.1.1 Human resources function (accept: personnel function) ✓ 7.1.2 Purchasing function ✓ 7.1.3 Marketing function ✓ 7.1.4 Risk management function ✓ (accept: financial function if linked to insurance/protection against losses) (4) 7.2 • Planning ✓ • Organising ✓ • Leading (accept: directing/leadership) ✓ • Controlling ✓ (4 x 1) (4) 7.3 Function: Public relations function ✓ Benefit (any ONE): it creates a positive image/good reputation for the bakery; it gives the bakery free publicity (the radio station reports on it); it attracts more customers and increases sales; it builds goodwill/loyalty in the community. ✓ Note: the benefit must relate to the bakery (not only to the children). (Accept any other relevant answer.) (2) [10] Copyright reserved Please turn over

EMS/P2 9 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 Senior Phase – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 8: BUSINESS PLAN 8.1 • To apply for a loan/finance from a bank or investors to buy a vehicle (bakkie) and grow the business. ✓✓ • It helps her to set clear goals and plan how to reach them (e.g. owning three bakkies). • It helps her to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (risks) before they happen. • It helps her to plan and control her income, costs and profit (financial planning). • It shows whether the business is viable/will succeed. Any ONE reason, explained. (Accept any other relevant answer.) (2) 8.2 STRENGTH (any ONE) ✓ WEAKNESS (any ONE) ✓ – Friendly, reliable service – She does not own a vehicle; – Customers love her service / carries equipment by taxi 1 200 social-media followers – Can only wash six cars per day – She goes to the customers – Second-hand equipment may (mobile service) break down – Started with her own savings (no debt) OPPORTUNITY (any ONE) ✓ THREAT (any ONE) ✓ – Offices in Silverton want their – Water restrictions expected this company cars washed every summer week (regular contracts) – A large car-wash chain will open a branch at the mall (competition) Points must be placed in the correct block. Internal factors (strengths, weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities, threats) may not be swapped. (4 x 1) (4) 8.3 Fixed cost: Rent of the storeroom (R300 per month) ✓ Variable cost: Soap and polish (R12 per car) ✓ (accept: taxi fare/transport costs, as these change with the number of trips/cars washed) (2) 8.4 Long-term ✓ (1) 8.5.1 Marketing plan ✓ 8.5.2 Financial plan ✓ (2) [11] TOTAL SECTION C: 30 TOTAL: 80 Copyright reserved