ISINDEBELE CLA SELF STUDY GUIDE 2018 FINAL

UMHLAHLANDLELA UKUYELELISWA KOKUSETJENZISWA KWELIMI (YSL) ISINDEBELE AMALIMI WEKHAYA AMALIMI WOKUTHOMA WOKWENGEZA AMALIMI WESIBILI WOKWENGEZA AMAGREYIDI 10-12 2019 Second Chance Matric Support Programme

UMHLAHLANDLELA UKUYELELISWA KOKUSETJENZISWA KWELIMI (YSL) AMAGREYIDI 10-12 AMALIMI WANGOKOMTHETHO AMALIMI WEKHAYA AMALIMI WOKUTHOMA WOKWENGEZA AMALIMI WESIBILI WOKWENGEZA 2018 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 1

OKUMUNYETHWEKO IZAHLUKO ISIGABA Isingeniso sokuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi 4 1: (YSL) 1.1 Khuyini ukuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi (YSL)? 4 1.2 Liyini irherho lemibono yekolelo? 4 1.3 Kubayini kufanele kufundiswe ukuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa 5 kweLimi (YSL)? 1.4 Yini imikhulumiswano/ ikulumo ngesifundo esithileko? 6 1.5 Uyini umnqopho wokuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi 7 (YSL)? ISIGABA 2: Ilimi namandla 7 2.1 Kubayini kufanele kufundiswe ubudlelwano phakathi 7 kwelimi namandla? 2.2 Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwelimi namandla? 8 2.3 Amatheksthi asetjenziswako ukusekela ukufundisa ilimi 9 namandla. 2.4 Ngiyiphi indima edlalwa lilimi ekusebenziseni amandla? 11 2.5 Ubudlelwano bokuzithoba namandla. 11 2.6 Izinto ezakha ukuzithoba. 13 2.7 Ukuthusela ngokusebenzisa amatshwayo wobuso. 13 2.8 Ikulumiswano yabantu abasezingeni eliphezulu nezazi. 14 2.9 Ubudlelwano bamandla eekulumiswaneni zobuso nobuso. 14 ISIGABA 3: Ilimi lokwenzisa/lokudlelezela, lokukhohlisa, 17 elinezwelomagama, elithatha ihlangothi, ukungathandi abantu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi (stereotype) nokuzindlekela (prejudice) 3.1 Liyini ilimi lokwenzisa nokukhohlisa? 18 3.2 Kubayini kufanele kusetjenziswe ilimi lokwenzisa/ 18 lokudlelezela? 3.3 Amaqhinga welimi lokwenzisa/lokudlelezela. 19 3.4 Ilimi elinezwelomagama. 22 3.5 Ilimi lokwenzisa/lokudlelezela nalisetjenziswe 24 eenkhangisweni. 3.6 Ilimi elikhombisa ukuthatha ihlangothi, ukudlelezela, 32 ukungathandi abantu nezinto/ iinkolelo ezithileko ezinganabufakazi nelimi elinokubandlulula. ISIGABA 4: Iqiniso nombono 43 ISIGABA 5: Ukuthatha iinqunto, okuphakanyiswako neenzathu 45 zokusekela imibono 5.1 Ukuthatha iinqunto. 45 5.2 Ukuthatha iinqunto ezimaphuzu alungileko nezingasiwo 46 amaphuzu alungileko. 5.3 Okuphakanyiswako/iimphakamiso. 46 2 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

5.4 Iinzathu zokusekela imibono. 46 ISIGABA 6: Ukuhlalisana kezepolotiki nengemuva lamasiko lomtloli 50 netheksthi 6.1 Khuyini ukuzwisisa kwakho indlela yokuhlalisana 50 kezepolotiki nengemuva lamasiko womtloli netheksthi? 6.2 Buyini ubujamo bamasiko? 50 6.3 Buyini ubujamo bezomlando/bezokuhlalisana kezepolotiki? 50 6.4 Ingemuva lezokuhlalisana kezepolotiki nomthelela womtloli, 51 emibonwenakhe nesitayeleni sakhe sokutlola. ISIGABA 7: Imihlobohlobo yamaLimi 54 7.1 Ilimi leengodi. 55 7.2 Iyini irejista? 56 7.3 Irejista engakahleleki: Ilimi lekholokhyali nesirhumutjha. 57 7.4 Ijagoni. 58 7.5 Ilimi, amandla nerejista. 59 7.6 Iintayela. 59 ISIGABA 8: Ilimi namasiko 59 8.1 Liyini isiko? 59 ISIGABA 9: Ilitheresi ebonwako/ebukelwako nekulumo 61 yamatshwayo 9.1 Ikulumo yamatshwayo. 62 9.2 Ikulumo yamatshwayo womzimba. 64 9.3 Amalimi ayihlanganisela/ ayi-phara (paralanguages) 65 9.4 Ukutjhidelana nendawo yomuntu ngokwakhe (proxemics). 65 9.5 Amandla welimi ekulumeni yamatshwayo. 67 10. Irherho leencwadi ezisetjenzisweko 76 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 3

ISIGABA 1: ISINGENISO SOKUYELELISWA KOKUSETJENZISWA KWELIMI (YSL) Ukuya ngesiTatimende seKharikhyulamu yeliZweloke (TKZ), Ukufunda ilimi kufanele kukghonakalise abafundi ukuse- benzisa ilimi njengesikhali esiqakathekileko nesilikghono lokucabanga ukuze liveze tjhatjhalazi imibonwabo ngeendaba zokuziphatha nezimagugu begodu bakwazi ukuzibandakanya ngokuzeleko ematheksthini amihlobohlobo, ukutjhijila imi- bono yabanye, amagugu nobudlelwano bamandla obusetjenziswe ematheksthini nokufunda amatheskthi ngeminqopho ehlukahlukeneko efana nokuzithabisa, ukwenza irhubhululo nokusola nofana ukuhlaba indlela izinto ezenzeka ngayo. 1.1 Khuyini ukuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi? (YSL) Ukuya ngoFairclough (2005), ukuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi (YSL) njengengcenye yokufundisa ilimi, kufundisa abafundi ngokutsenga bona ilimi bangalisebenzisa bunjani nabahlangene nabanye abantu. I- YSL godu itjho ukuzwisisa izinto ezimayelana nezokuhlalisana, zepolotiki namaphuzu welimi amibono yekolelo ethileko, ukuhlukahluka kwesay- ensi yelimi neenkulumiswano ezithileko. Ukuya ngesiTatimende seKharikhyulamu yeliZweloke (TKZ): UkuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi kukuhlola bona ilimi lakheke bunjani ngokuzwisisa ubudlelwano bamandla phakathi kwamalimi, ukunikela abafundi amandla wokwala ukudlelezelwa/ukwenziswa nokuba nezwelo ekusetjenzisw- eni kwelimi. I-CLA ifaka hlangana ukukhetha amagama, ihlelo, irejista, imikhulumiswano, nesakhiwo ngokuyelela, isib. Qala ithebula engenzasi. Kufaka hlangana ukukhethwa kwezakhiwo zehlelo Kufaka hlangana ukukhetha Isib. Ikulumo engakanqophi amagama ingasetjenziselwa ukufihla imibono nofana Isiqhema esihlome ngeenkhali, singabizwa ukunikela isitatimende amandla, isibonelo, ngamavukelambuso nofana abalweli Iingidi ezilitjhumi zeemponde zilahlekile bekululeko kuye ngokobana ujame umnyaka ogadungileko. ngakiliphi ihlangothini. (Singazibuza sithi: 'Zilahlwe ngubani? Kubayini azilahlile? Zilahleke njani? "Ukulahleka" kutjho ukuthini?' njll.) UkuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi Kufaka hlangana ukukhetha irejista Ukukhetha isakhiwo sekulumiswano Irejista ingasetjenziselwa ukukhuthaza abantu Kungaqinisekisa ukulunga kwekulumakho, ukuze baziphathe ngendlela ethileko. isibonelo, nakuhlungelwa umsebenzi lapha kufanele kube nomuntu oyedwa Iinkhangiso, kanengi zisebenzisa iphimbo onelungelo lokubuza imibuzo khona. elinomusa nelijayelekileko ('Siyatjheja', 'Singakusiza ngani') ukwenza abantu bazizwele kwangathi umkhiqizo lo uqakathekile kibo. 1.2 Liyini irherho lemibono yekolelo? 1.2 Liyini irherho lemibono yekolelo? Irherho lemibono yekolelo Irherho ziinkolelo lemibono eziba yekolelo khonaeziba ziinkolelo emuntwini khona oyedwa emuntwininofana esiqhemeni oyedwa sabantu. Mibono yeenkolelo nofana esiqhemeni esiyabelanako sabantu. simphakathi namasiko Mibono abumba yeenkolelo nofana akha esiyabelanako indlela namasiko esicabangaabumba simphakathi ngayo nofana ngomphakathi akha mazombe. Irherho lemibono yeenkolelo indlela abantu abazibandakanya esicabanga ngayo nayo lizokuba ngomphakathi nomthelela mazombe. Irherho ngendlela lemibono abazwisisa yeenkolelo abantu ngayo izinto begodu lizobenza bathathe ihlangothi bebakhe abazibandakanya nemibonwabo. nayo lizokuba nomthelela ngendlela abazwisisa ngayo izinto begodu lizobenza bathathe ihlangothi bebakhe nemibonwabo. Iimbonelo zerherho lemibono yeenkolelo: Iimbonelo zerherho lemibono yeenkolelo: • UbuKhomanisi  UbuKhomanisi buthuthukisabuthuthukisa ukuhlanganyela ukuhlanganyela ubunikazi bepahla ubunikazi bepahla nehlanganonehlangano eyodwa ebusako yezepolotiki elawula eyodwa ebusako umthethokambiso yezepolotiki elawula wezokuhlalisana nomnotho.umthethokambiso wezokuhlalisana nomnotho. •  Ubulili bujamele Ubulili obusikazi obusikaziukulingana bujamele ukulingana kwabomma kwabomma kezomnotho, kezomnotho, zokuhlalisana zokuhlalisana nezepolotiki. Godu bupha- thelene namalungelo wabomma kufaka hlangana amalungelo wokubeletha. hlangana nezepolotiki. Godu buphathelene namalungelo wabomma kufaka amalungelo wokubeletha. • Ikolelo Yobulili ikhathalela iindlela abantu bembaji nabengubo abaziphatha ngayo endaweni abahlala kiyo emphakathini, amalungelwabo nokuziphendulela eendabeni ezibandakanya ubulili obuthileko. 6 4 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

• Amathuba alinganako yikolelo efuna ukuphungula ukubandlululana ngokomnyaka, ubulili, umbala, ubut- jhaba, ubuzwe bendabuko, ikolo nokuphila ngokukhubazeka okufaka hlangana ukuphila nokukhubazeka ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. • Iinkolo ngiwo woke amarherho wemibono yeenkolelo ngezinto ezithileko begodu ngaphakathi komuntu ngamunye kunokuhlukana kweenkolelo. Amanye amakholwa alandela yoke imigomo yefundiso yawo bese amanye wona abonakale abekezelela imibono nokuziphatha okuhlukileko kwabanye abantu begodu akhethe ebakubona kwangathi kuqakatheke khulu. • Ubusotjhalizimi mahlelo womnotho wenarha nawezokuhlalisana afaka hlangana ubunikazi bendawo noku- lawula ngekululeko imikhiqizo ethileko, amathiyori wezepolotiki neenhlangano ezitjhidelene nazo. • Iinkolelo ezijayelekileko zinzinze khulu esigodini esithileko. Abantu beendaweni zemakhaya nofa- na beendaweni eziserhalawumbeni babelana ngeenkolelo ezithileko zokuphepha nokuvikela iinlwana. Eendaweni zemadorobheni, abantu bafunda ukweqa iintarada ngokuphepha. 1.3 Kubayini kufanele kufundiswe i- YSL (UkuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi) I- YSL yenza okulandelako: • Ingezelela ukufundisa nokufunda ilimi ngokungaphezu kokwabelana ngelwazi letheksthi elimanqophana ne- hlelo. Abafundi bahlonyiswa ukuyelela nokwala ukukhohliswa/ukwenziswa nokusebenzisa ilimi elinobuhlan- gothi nokwakha ukuyeleliswa kokusetjenziswa kwelimi. • Yakha ukuyelelisa phakathi komsebenzi wetlasini nephasi elibanzi lokuhlalisana/ nelezepolotiki. • Yakha nokutjengisa ubunjalo babantu ababasebenzisi belimi, amandla nekolelo. • Ifundisa abafundi bona ilimi alisetjenziselwa ukukhuluma/ukwabelana imibono kwaphela kodwana lingas- etjenziswa njengendlela yokulawula abantu nokuba nomthelela kilokho abakucabangako nabakwenzako. Ngaso soke isikhathi libandakanya namanye amaphuzu abantu abangakawatjheji afana namandla, ikolelo, ubunjalo bomuntu, isigaba sepilo, ubulili, umbala, ubuhlangothi, ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko, ukubandlulula, iinkolelo ezinganabufakazi, njll. nokufundisa abafundi kobana itheksthi itsengwa bunjani (isib. Iinkhangiso, amakhathuni neenthombe). • Ikhombisa abafundi bona itheksthi itlanywa bunjani ngaphandle kokuthuwelelisa iinkolelo zakade ezinga- nabufakazi, ukuphosa iselele ematheksthini athileko nokunikela yabo imibono. • Ingezelela ukuyelela kezokuhlalisana ebafundini, ebujameni bamasiko nebezepolotiki yomphakathi okumthombo wetheksthi. • Ithuthukisa beyingezelele ukucabangisisa ngengqondo ebukhali, isib. Ama-athikili wamaphephandaba, ukutlama imibiko, iinkhangiso namafilimu. • Ithuthukisa iinkulumiswano, ukuzwisisana nokulalelisisa lokho okutjhiwoko nokucabangisisa ngaphambi ko- bana ukhulume nofana utlole; (ngokufunda uyelela, akhe ufunde imitjho engenzasi burhaba). SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 5

1.4 Yini iinkulumiswano/ ikulumo ngesifundo esithileko? ‘Iinkulumiswano yindlela ilimi elisetjenziswa ngayo ekuhlalisaneni ukudlulisa iinhlathululo ezinabileko zomlando. Kulilimi elivezwa bujamo bokuhlalisana baloyo olisebenzisako ngaphasi kobujamo asuke akibo. Ilimi angeze ‘lathatha ihlangothi’ ngombana liyindlela ehlanganisa iphasi lomuntu ngokwakhe nephasi lokuphilisana nabantu’. (UFrances Henry bano-Carol Tator, Discourses of Domination. Univ. of Toronto Press, 2002) 6 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

1.5 Uyini umnqopho wokuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi (YSL)? Abafundi bafanele basebenzise ilimi lokukhuluma nelokutlola ukutjheja indlela elisetjenziswa ngayo ukulawula, ukuba nomthelela nokwakha indlela ebabona ngayo izinto ngaphasi kwamaphuzu alandelako: Nanyana amaphuzu la ahlathu- lulwa ngokuhlukaniswa kodwana wona ayakhambelana, isib. Lokha abantu nabasebenzisa amandla basebenzisa ilimi lokwenzisa nofana lokuthatha ihlangothi nofana elinekolelo enganabufakazi. Ikhethomagama labo lilawulwa bujamo bokuhlalisana ngokwamasiko nengemuva lezepolotiki nabamukelwazi. Umnqopho omkhulu nawusebenza ngama- phuzu la kungendlela ilimi elisetjenziswa ngayo ukudlulisa umlayezo, amandla nokuveza umehluko wobulili nobudala. Ilimi namasiko Iindlela ezihlukeneko Ukurhumutjha zokusebenzisa ilimi ilitheresi (Isitayela, ijagoni nelimi ebonwako lesigodi, isirhumutjha, ikholokhuyalizimu nerejista (ehlelekileko nengakahleleki) Ukuthatha iinqunto, iinzathu zokusekela imibono, Ingemva lomtloli iimpikiswano neletheksthi manqophana Amaphuzu nezokuhlalisana, wokuYeleliswa zepolotiki namasiko kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi (YSL) Ubuhlangothi, ukungathandi abantu Umnqopho nezinto ezithileko, nomphumela wokukhetha ukubandlulula nokutjhiywa kwelwazi neenkolelo elithileko ezinganabufakazi Iqiniso Ubudlelwano phakathi kwelimi nombono namandla Ilimi lokwenzisa , lokukhohlisa/ lokudlezela nelinezwelomagama ISIGABA 2: ILIMI NAMANDLA ISIGABA 2: ILIMI NAMANDLA 2.1. Kubayini kufanele kufundiswe 2.1. Kubayini kufanele ubudlelwano phakathiphakathi kufundiswe ubudlelwano kwelimi namandla? kwelimi namandla? Abafundi Abafundi bazokuzwisisa bazokuzwisisa bona ilimi bona ilimiukulawula lingasetjenziselwa lingasetjenziselwa ukulawula abantu nokuba abantu kilokho nomthelela nokubaabakucabangako. nomthelelaebafundini Lokhu kungaba nomthelela kilokho abakucabangako. bona batlameLokhu kungaba nomthelela amatheksthi ebafundini ngokusebenzisa bona batlame amanye amaqhinga anamandla amatheksthi ukukhandela afana nelimi elinezwelomagama ngokusebenzisa amanye ilimi ukusebenzisa amaqhinga anamandla elinobuhlangothi afana nelimi nelineenkolelo ezinganabufakazi. elinezwelomagama ukukhandela ukusebenzisa ilimi elinobuhlangothi nelineenkolelo ezinganabufakazi. Umnqopho wokufundisa ilimi namandla ukunikela abafundi ukuzwisisa indlela ilimi elisetjenziswa ngayo ukuzwakalisa ubudlelwano bamandla nerherho Umnqopho lemibono yeenkolelo wokufundisa ematheksthini ilimi namandla ukunikela akhulunywako, atlolweko abafundi ukuzwisisa nelimi indlela ilimi elisebenzisa am- atshwayo womzimba elisetjenziswa ngayo ukuzwakalisa ubudlelwano bamandla nerherho lemibono yeenkolelo izakhiwo zelimi newobuso. Nakufundwa amatheksthi ahlukeneko abafundi bafanele baqale indlela ezisetjenziswe ngayo ukudlulisa imibono ematheksthini eziinkolelo, akhulunywako, ukuncenga atlolweko nokukhohlisa abanye. nelimi elisebenzisa amatshwayo womzimba newobuso. Nakufundwa amatheksthi ahlukeneko abafundi bafanele baqale indlela Itsengo lelimi lamandla kufanele izakhiwo libeezisetjenziswe zelimi nobudlelwano ngayo bobusoukudlulisa nobuso ngombana ukuhlalisanaukuncenga imibono eziinkolelo, kwabantu kanengi kufaka iinkulumo-pendulwano, ama-inthavyu, nokukhohlisa abanye.ihlelo lamakhotho kanye nokhunye okufaneleko. Amandla kufanele atjengiswe nalokha umuntu nakafezekisa iimfiso, amahlelo, neenkolelo zabanye abantu. Umuntu nofana ihlangano ephetheko ingafisa bona abantu balandele umthetho, imilayo nofana bavumelane9 ngesivumelwano esithileko. Lo mhlobo wamandla usetjenziswa lokha nawudlelezela umuntu nofana ungezinye zeendlela zokuzokhulu- misana ezimahlangothimabili. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 7

umthetho, imilayo nofana bavumelane ngesivumelwano esithileko. Lo mhlobo wamandla usetjenziswa lokha nawudlelezela umuntu nofana ungezinye zeendlela zokuzokhulumisana ezimahlangothimabili. 2.2 Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi 2.2 Buyini kwelimi ubudlelwano namandla? phakathi kwelimi namandla? Ilimi litjengisa amandla Ilimi liphandlusela amandla Ilimi linyaza ubungako bamandla Ilimi linikela amandla iintjhijilo Ilimi litjhugulula ukusatjalaliswa kwamandla  Ilimi elisetjenziswa sikhulumi liyaveza bona sinikela umyalo nofana asinikeli • Ilimi elisetjenziswa sikhulumi umyalo. liyaveza Nangabe bona sinikela isikhulumi umyaloisitayela sisebenzisa nofana asinikeli sekulumoumyalo. Nangabe isikhulumi enamandla, sisebenzisa isitayela sekulumo isikhulumeso enamandla, sibonakala isikhulumeso kwangathi sibonakala kwangathi siyakholweka, siyakholweka, ngokujayelekileko, ngokujayele- kileko, isikhulumeso kungesiphumelelako. isikhulumeso IsikhulumiIsikhulumi kungesiphumelelako. esikghonaesikghona ukunikela umyalo besilalelwe sikghona uk- ukunikela umyalo wenzisa, ukulawula nokukhohlisa besilalelwe abamukelilwazi. sikghona ukwenzisa, ukulawula nokukhohlisa abamukelilwazi.  Amandla yinto esetjenziswa ngomunye umuntu komunye nofana ngesinye • Amandla yinto isiqhema esetjenziswakesinye. ngomunye umuntu sisuke Lapha-ke komunye nofana ngesinye sikhuluma isiqhema ngamandla kesinye. Lapha-ke si- aphathelene suke sikhuluma ngamandla aphathelene nezokuhlalisana. nezokuhlalisana.  Amandla avela eenhlanganweni ezahlukahlukeneko ezilawula umnotho, • Amandla avela isikhundla, eenhlanganweni ezahlukahlukeneko ukuphatha, ilwazi ezilawulaakhona nofana amalungelo umnotho, isikhundla,ekulu. ehlanganweni ukuphatha, ilwazi nofa- na amalungelo  akhona ehlanganweni Ubudlelwano bamandlaekulu. buyasungulwa, busetjenziswe bebubuye bukhiqizwe ngokudephileko emikhulumiswaneni. • Ubudlelwano bamandla buyasungulwa, busetjenziswe bebubuye bukhiqizwe ngokudephileko emikhulumi- swaneni. • Amandla agcinwa ngokuthumba imvumo yaloyo ophikisana naye abizwa bona mamandla 10 anomthelela. Asenza bona siziphathe ngenye indlela nofana sivumelane nemibono nemikghwa ethileko ngaphandle kokukatelelwa. Amandla anjengalawa asebenza ezehlakalweni zokuhlalisana ezinjengeenkhangiso, ama- siko neenrhatjhini. • Ilimi liveza ubujamo besikhulumi/bomuntu okhulumako. • Silindele ukubona abantu abaphethe eenkhundleni eziphezulu bakhuluma ngendlela ehlukileko esebenzisa irejista ehlelekileko, Isib. abosorhwebo, abosopolotiki, abalawuli, abomabhalana, abophrofesa, abotitjhere, abodorhodera, amagqwetha nabanye abantu abaneenkhundla eziphezulu, njll. • Isikhulumi esinganawo amandla ekulumenaso sibonakala njengesifuna ukulitjalelwa singakoni begodu sin- ganasiqiniseko salokho esikwethulako kanti nelimi esilisebenzisako sethula isikhundla esisengameleko lig- cina linganasithunzi/lingasebenzi kuhle. • Iinqhema ezinengi ezinamandla, namalungazo akghona ukulawula nofana akghona ukuphatha. Ziba na- mandla wokulawula nanyana ngiwuphi umhlobo wekulumiswano, amajenri, izehlakalo neentayela. Zilawula iinkulumo-pendulwano ezihlelekileko namalungazo aneenkhundla eziphasi, bezibambe imihlangano, zikhu- phe imithetho nofana imilayo, zitlole imihlobohlobo yemibiko, iincwadi, imilayelo, iindatjana kanye neminye imihlobo yeenrhatjhi. Zingadlala indima eenkulumiswaneni zobuso nobuso nomphakathi ukuzwakalisa ip- himbo lazo nofana isitayela setheksthi nofana ukukhuluma, ukukhetha iinhloko zazo nokukhetha bona ngu- bani ofanele adlale indima nofana abe mumamukeli weenkulumiswano zabo. • Ngesinye isikhathi abasebenzisi belimi bangalawula umnqopho, indima yabalingisi bomdlalo, indlela yokuz- iphatha, ubujamo, imiphumela nemibuthano elawula ikulumiswano nabanye abantu. Omunye umuntu an- gakghona ukusebenzisa imikghwa engaba ngaphezu kwalokho azithola akiyo ukusungula ubudlelwano ba- mandla obungalinganiko nofana ngomukghwa wokuzinikela nofana umukghwa wamalungelo alinganako ngokulinga ukuqeda ukungezwani kwamandla. 8 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

2.3 Amatheksthi asetjenziselwe ukusekela ukufundisa ilimi namandla • Ilimi lokwenzisa elisetjenziswa eenkhangisweni nelwazi elisatjalaliselwa ukwenza abantu bakholwe okuth- ileko lihlose ukuba nomthelela ezenzweni zabamukelilwazi. • Ukucoca okunomthelela: Amatheksthi afana namanovela, iindatjana ezifitjhani, iinkondlo, imidlalo, iindaba nemibiko/ ama-athikili angahlathulula ukungathandeki kwezenzeko bese asebenzisa imibuzo engafuni ipen- dulo evela emidlalweni nofana emazizweni athinta imizwa engaba nomthelela ebantwini. • Iinkulumiswano: kufanele siqale ngendlela esisebenzisa izakhiwo zelimi ngayo, ilwazimagama nezakhi nemithetjhwana yokusetjenziswa kwelimi ukuveza amandla. Ngokusebensiza ikulumo-pendulwano phakathi kwabantu abanamandla angalinganiko (isib. Abodorhodera neengulani, abancani nabadala, abaphathi neensebenzi) kufanele kuhlolwe mayelana neendlela ezihlukahlukeneko zamandla ezikhona eenqhemeni zabantu abaphetheko. Eenkulumiswaneni/ eenkulumo-pendulwaneni kufanele siqale indlela abantu abana- mandla balawula ngayo iinhloko, abathikameza ngayo abanye nokusebenzisa imiyalo ethileko ekatelelako ngekani nabalawulako. Iimbonelo zelimi namaqhinga weenkulumiswano asetjenziswa babantu abaphetheko nofana abaseenkhundleni eziphezulu: • Abajameli namajaji athembele elimini netheminolojini ehlukileko ukwenza kube nokuthula, ukubuza abantu imibuzo nokukatelela abofakazi bona baveze amaphuzu aliqiniso. • Umma angathembela emagameni aqinileko ekukhalimeni/ ekuqedeni imikghwa ethileko emntwanenakhe. • Ukufundisa ihlonipho nokuveza imihlobohlobo yamandla, abotitjhere kanengi bafuna abafundi babakhulu- mise ngendlela ehlelekileko. Kesinye nesinye isehlakalo, nanyana ukusetjenziswa kwetheminoloji nokuz- wakala kwephimbo kungahluka umnqopho omkhulu kube kuhlonitjhwa nokwazi ukulawula. • Ukuzuza amandla ngaphezu kwabanye ngokusebenzisa ilimi kwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneko. In- dlela ejayelekileko yokuhlanganisa ikulumo namandla yindlela yokulisebenzisela ukulawula nofana ukuse- benzisa umukghwa welimi elirhugako ukulawula indlela yokuziphatha. • Ukutlhogeka kwamagama kesinye isikhathi kuyasiza ekufumaneni amandla wekulumo: Umma othola umnt- wanakhe akhwela iraga ngekhwitjhini, alalamela amakuke angakhuluma naye ngokusebenzisa amatshwayo wokukhuluma ngobuso nofana ilimi elilula elith, ‘AWA-KE! Lokho akwenziwa!’ • Ukuzwisisa ukuhlobana phakathi kwekulumiswano namandla kuqakatheke khulu ekuphunguleni ukungalin- gani kwamandla. Ungazimbi onekghono lokukhwabanisa kungenzeka azuze ekulumeni yokwenzisa yomr- aranisi. Ukunganikeli ihlathululo epheleleko namagama anokuzithoba kuqakathekile ekuzuzeni isilinganiso samandla. • Abafundi bafanele bafundiswe ngokusetjenziswa kwemihlobohlobo yezakhiwo zelimi ukuze bazisebenzisele ukutsenga amandla eenkulumeni ezikhulunywako nezitlolwako. Izakhiwo zelimezi kufanele zihlanganiswe ngokuzeleko nokufundisa amakghono welimi njengombana zihlelelwe ku-TKZ. Iimbonelo zendlela amandla asebenza/aletha umthetho ngayo ematheksthini ahlukeneko/ kumajenri weenkulumiswano (Iinkulumiswano ezingakhulunywa ngomlomo, ezikhulunywa ngomlomo nezitlolwako) ILimi, amandla nesikhangiso • Amandla wokukhangisa asuselwa kezomnotho, zeemali nofana eenhlanganweni ezithengisa iinsetjenziswa ezithileko, eenrhatjhini ezinengi begodu nangokusatjalaliswa emiphakathini yoke. • Ekukhangiseni, ikhamphani yethula umlayezo bunqopha ebathengini abanqotjhweko. • Ukuvumelana kubunjwa yikulumobugagu ehlathululako, isib, ukubuyelela ukuphikisana nezwelomagama. • Imikhangiso isebenzisa ikulumobugagu ukufaka irherho lemibono yekolelo (indlela iphasi elibona ngayo izinto) (Qala isahluko sesi-3). • Imikhangiso isebenzisa iindlela zokwenza bona imakethe ilawuleke (qala amaqhinga welimi lokukhohlisa/ lokudlelezela/lokwenzisa). SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 9

• Imikhangiso kanengi isebenzisa amatheksthi amafitjhani - kungaba ngagadangisweko nofana arhatjhwa eenrhatjhini – lapho igama elinye nelinye kufanele lisebenze ngamandla (ukufana neenkondlweni). • Isikhulumi/umkhangisi usebenzisa izabizwana zobumnini ezifana no- ‘wena’ ‘thina’, njll. Isibonelo, ‘Singaku- siza ngani?’ • Imikhangiso ingasebenzisa ihlathululo efihlakeleko kunokobana isebenzise ihlathululo ebhamba begodu ngalokho kunqotjhwe bonyana imikhiqizo leyo ibe ngemihle ngaphandle kokuveza tjhatjhalazi okumunyeth- we mkhiqizo lowo. Ilimi, amandla neenrhatjhi (amaphephandaba, amamagazini, iinkhangiso, abomabonakude, imirhatjho, ama-imeyili, njll.) • Ababikiindaba eenrhatjhini abahlathululi izehlakalo zanje nemiphumela yazo kwaphela kodwana baveza izehlakalo, imibono yezepolotiki, zomnotho, zobusotja namandla wezokuhlalisana wabanjingileko. • Iinrhatjhi zithatha isiqunto ngokobana ababikiindaba bahlathulule bebatjheje amandla wamagama athinta imizwa abawasebenzisako, Isib. Amagama athi: KUFE ABANTU ABABILI ….) • Iinrhatjhi ngakelinye ihlangothi zingenza bona ikulumazo ibe maqalanga (ngokungavezi bona ngubani owenze ise- hlakalo esithileko). Isib. IKULE YESIGIDI IBULELE UMUNTU WENGUBO ASEKHAYA, KULAHLEKE AMABHILIY- ONI ALITJHUMI WAMARANDA UMNYAKA OGADUNGILEKO. Njeke umuntu angazibuza bona lokhu ekukhuluny- wa ngakho eenhlokweni zephephandaba kwenziwe ngubani begodu kubayini umtloli eqe umenzi wesehlakalwesi? Imibuzo elandelako ingasiza ukwethula abafundi esifundweni esikhuluma ngobudlelwano phakathi kwelimi namandla: • Ngubani okutjele bona uze esikolweni bewukhambe ngalesosikhathi? • Tlola imithetho emi-5 ofanele uyilandele nawusekhaya. 10 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

• Ingabe iinrhatjhi (ama-athikili wephephandaba, iinkhangiso zakamagazini, umabonakude, i-tweeter ne-Facebook) zinomthelela onjani ekuziphatheni kwakho nangendlela obona ngayo izinto? (Isib. Lokhu kungafaka hlangana ikhetho lakho lelembatho, labangani, lokudla nokuqaleka komzimbakho, njll? • Ingabe imibuzo le ikhombisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwelimi namandla? Hlathulula isiqunto osithathako. 2.4 Yini umsebenzi wezakhiwo zelimi ekusebenziseni amandla? I-YSL imayelana nokutsenga indlela izakhiwo zelimi ezisetjenziswa ngayo ukulawula nokuba nomthelela ebantwini, kungebangelo abasebenzisi belimi kufuze bakhethe ilwazimagama nemitjho nofana izakhiwo zehlelo ukuzuza umn- qophabo wokukhulumisana. Umthelela welwazi lezakhiwo zamalimi ahlukahlukeneko lizokusebenza njengethulusi yo- kutsenga kokubili iinkulumiswano ezikhulunywako nezitlolwako. Akhe siqaleni indima edlalwa ngezinye izakhiwo zelimi ekwethuleni umlayezo nalokho ezikuhlosileko. Indlela esimemezelo/esitatimende/embiko/esisaziso • Sisetjenziswa khulukhulu eentatimendeni. • Isitatimende senzelwe ukobana omunye umuntu amukele ukukholweka okulethwa sitatimende phezu kwalokhu akukholelwako yena ngokwakhe ngephasi mazombe. Nangabe lokhu kuyaphumelela, ukukholwa lokhu kuzokuba hlangana neenkolelo ezibusa indlela umuntu acabanga nenza ngayo izinto. Indlela ekatelelako • Indlela ekatelelako isetjenziswa lokha nakunokuhluka kwamandla hlangana nesikhulumi nomlaleli onikela isikhulumi amandla. • Indlela ekatelelako ingasetjenziswa lapho kusetjenziswe khona imizwa efaka hlangana ukukwata. Iinsizasenzo, Isib. Iinsizasenzo ezifana no-kufuze, kufanele, unga-, njll. zisetjenzisa ndawonye ngaphakathi kwendlela ekatelelako, Isib. ‘Kufuze utlole umsebenzakho wekhaya bewuwulethe njenganje’. Indlela yokubuza • Isetjenziselwa ukubuza umbuzo. • Ngokuhloma omunye umuntu ngemibuzo ngomnqopho wokufuna ipendulo begodu kunomthetjhwana wa- mandla osibawo sependulo esiba njengesisibopho. Lokhu kuyakhanya, isib. Ukufakana imibuzo ngetlasini phakathi kwakatitjhere nabafundi. Ubudlelwano bokuzithoba namandla ngesikhathi seenkulumiswano Ukuzithoba kanengi kwenzeka kanyekanye namandla. Amandla nokuzithoba kuhlangene ngendlela yokobana ukuzitho- ba kanengi kusetjenziswa njengeqhinga nofana isisetjenziswa sokuthambisa amandla. Umqondo ophathelene nokuz- ithoba uqakathekile ekulumiswaneni enye nenye. Ngokwelimi ukuzithoba kutjho ukukhuluma ngefanelo etjhebiswaneni hlangana nesikhulumi nomlaleli. Iindlela ezithinta ukuzithoba zingahluka ukuya ngesiko elinye nelinye. Iindlela zokuzithoba Iindlela ezilandelako ngezisivezela ukuzithoba nokuhleleka begodu ezinye zazo zisetjenziswa eenkulumeni ezingana- mandla (Lokhu kungatholakala elitheresini ebonwako, endatjaneni yokufundela ukuzwisisa nezemitlolo). Ukungabaza/ukuzaza • Amatjhada wokugcwalisa namagama anjengabo- ‘aah’, ‘mhh’, ‘eeh’ nelithi, ‘uyazi’ angakuthikameza khulu lokha nakasetjenziswa butjhulweni/ngokweqileko. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 11

• Angadosela itjhejo labafundako nofana abalaleleko kude nomlayezwakho. • Ukungabaza kungaveza ukuthukwa, ukungazithembi nokungakazilungiseleli. • Ukungabaza lapha nalapha kungenza isikhulumi sibonakale sinobuntu begodu singathusi kangako ebu- jameni obuthileko. Njengombana ulungiselela ukukhuluma nje, yelela abamukelilwazi bakho, indawo oyok- wethula kiyo ikulumo nezinga lokuhleleka kwakho ukuze ukghone ukukhetha bona ukungabaza okuncazana kuzakufaneleka na? Imitjhwana ecabangelako • Imitjhwana ecabangelako mimitjhwana enganakuzibophelela evamise ukuqalela phasi umlayezo nofana ukubalekela ukuthweswa umlandu. • Imitjhwana ecabangelako efana nale: ‘Ngicabanga njalo’, ‘Ngicabanga bona’, ‘Kwangasuthi kunjalo’, ‘Ngi- yacabangela’, ‘Ukufikela lapho angazi kuhle’, ‘kungenzeka bona’ inikela ukuzivikela ekujamelaneni neqiniso nobujamo obubudisi. Lokha nawuqalela phasi isitatimende sakho ngomutjhwana ocabangelako, ulahlekel- wa mimizwa yobuwena khulu bese uthome utjhide emlayezwenakho/ ekulumenakho. • Ngokungezelelweko, imitjhwana ecabangelako inikela umbono othi awunakghono lokuzithemba elaneleko nofana isiqiniseko somlayezwakho. • Nakufanele usebenzise imitjhwana ecabangelako, kwenze lokho ngokuhlakanipha nokunesithunzi. Imit- jhwana ecabangelako enesithunzi efana nale, ‘nginga...’, ‘kuqaleka njalo’ kanye nethi, ‘mhlamunye’ ingaset- jenziswa kesinye isikhathi. Imibuzo eqinisekisako • Njengemitjhwana ecabangisako, imibuzo eqinisekisako itjho ukufuna ukuba namandla ngokomthetho nobuqiniso. • Ukuqeda/ukugcina isitatimende ngombuzo oqinisekisako njengo – ‘akusi ngiyo?’ nofana ‘angeze kwaba ngiyo?’ Ikwenza ubonakale unganaqiniso lento okhuluma ngayo begodu ungazithembi, lokho ekugcineni kuqalela phasi ubuqiniso besitatimende sakho. • Imibuzo eqinisekisako itjala ukungazithembi eengqondweni zabamukelilwazi ngobuqiniso bento okhuluma ngayo nekghono onalo. Iinkulumo ezingazibopheleliko/ezingafuni ukuthatha isibophezelo • Ukungazibopheleli ngento ethileko kutjho ukufuna ukuba namandla ngokomthetho nobuqiniso. Ukusitha isitatimende sakho ngekulumo engazibopheleliko efana nethi, ‘Ungangizwa kumbi, kodwana…’ nofana ‘Ngiyazi lokhu kuzwakala kunganatlha, kodwana…’ kwenza abamukelilwazi bakho bangakuthembi nofana bacabange bonyana ikulumakho iphambene/ iphume endleleni. • Ikulumo yokungazibopheleli itjala imbewu yokungabaza eengqondweni zabamukelilwazi bakho ngobuqini- so bento okhuluma ngayo nekghono onalo. Ikulumo yokungazibopheleli yethula ukungazithembi embonwenakho. 12 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

2.6 Izinto ezakha ukuzithoba Zoke iinkulumiswano ezenzeka ubuso nobuso (bunqopha) zingaba nomthelela omumbi nofana omuhle. Kufanele uca- bangele bewuvikele iimfuneko zomunye umuntu ukuze akuthande nofana akuhloniphe. 2.7 Ukuthusela ngokusebenzisa 2.7 amatshwayo Ukuthusela ngokusebenzisa wobuso:wobuso: amatshwayo Ukuthusela Ukuthusela okungakalungi okungakalungi okusebenzisa okusebenzisawobuso amatshwayo amatshwayo wobuso kuthusela kuthusela umuntu ilungelo lo- okukhandela okukhandela kuthatha igadango nofana ilungeloumuntu ilungelo lokuthatha lokungafunzwa intoigadango ngekani,nofana Isib.ilungelo lokungafunzwa ‘Ungangiboleka into amaranda ali-100 kufikela ngekani, Isib. ‘Ungangiboleka amaranda ali-100 kufikela inyanga ezako? (Nangabe inyanga ezako? (Nangabe umuntu ekukhulunywa naye utjengisa ngobujamo bobuso umuntu ekukhulunywa naye utjengisa ngobujamo bobuso bakhe bonyana akafuni bakhe bonyana akafuni ku- bonakala kwangathi kungaba lihlazo kubonakala kiloyo kwangathi okhulumako). kungaba lihlazo kiloyo okhulumako). Ukuthusela okulungileko okusebenzisa amatshwayo wobuso kuthusela umuntu Ukuthusela okulungileko okusebenzisa okulungileko amatshwayo ngokumkhombisa wobuso bona awuvumelani kuthusela naye umuntu ngento ethileko, okulungileko ngokumkhombi- Isib, ‘Ingabe sa bona awuvumelani umbiko lowo bewungafuneki naye ngento namhlanje? ethileko, Isib, ‘Ingabe umbiko lowo bewungafuneki namhlanje? Abantu abahlukahlukeneko, iinqhema namasiko baneendlela zabo zokubuthelela izinto Abantu abahlukahlukeneko, iinqhema ngokusebenzisa nofana ukuzibulunga namasiko baneendlela zaboBangasebenzisa ubujamo bobuso. zokubuthelelamaqhinga izinto nofana ukuzibulunga ngokusebenzisa ubujamo bobuso. wokuzithoba Bangasebenzisa alungileko amaqhinganokuzwana asebenzisa ibumbano wokuzithoba alungileko nofana amaqhingasebenzisa ibumbano nokuzwana nofana amaqhinga wokuzithobakhombisa wokuzithoba angakalungi angakalungi akhombisa ukuzehlisa ukuzehlisa nokuzwakalisa nokuzwakalisa ukungabi negan- ukungabi negandelelo delelo elithileko. elithileko. 18 SECOND 2.8CHANCE MATRIC Ikulumiswano SUPPORT yabantu PROGRAMME abasezingeni eliphezulu|nezazi ISINDEBELE 13

2.8 Ikulumiswano yabantu abasezingeni eliphezulu nezazi Abantu abasezingeni eliphezulu, izazi nabatloli beencwadi banomthelela ezenzweni nekuziphatheni kwabantu ngokuhlathulula ngekusasa nofana izehlakalo ezingenzeka, izenzeko nofana ubujamo obuthileko, njengokubonela phambili, ukuhlela, ukuhlelwa kobujamo obuthileko, amahlelo neeyeleliso. Kesinye isikhathi kuhlanganiswe neendlela ezahlukeneko zokubonisa nesisekelo samandla wazo avamise ukuba lilawulo lelwazi nelethekhnoloji. 2.9 Ubudlelwano bamandla eenkulumiswaneni zobuso nobuso/zabunqopha Iinkulumiswano ezingetlasini 1. Indlela ekatelelako isetjenziswa kanengana botitjhere ngetlasini. 2. Utitjhere uvamise ukusebenzisa amagama alayelako lokha nakenza isibawo kodwana abafundi bona basebenzisa amagama anjengalawa, Iye, Nomzana/Mma/Kosikazi/Kosazana lokha nababiza utitjhere namkha bavuma into ebatjelwa yona. Iinkulumiswano phakathi kwabantu abadala nabentwana Ezinye iinkulumiswano zamandla ezijayelekileko ekambisweni/ emasikweni ahlukahlukeneko ziba phakathi kwa- babelethi nabentwana. Kungaba nokuhlukahluka kwamasiko kanye nokuhluka phakathi kwabantu ababobaba nababomma. Abentwana bangathuliswa ngokwamazingabo emiphakathini ngebanga lobujamo babo bobuntwana, bangakhandelwa ukuthikameza nofana bangakatelelwa ukusebenzisa indlela ethileko yokuhlonipha eenkulumeni ezahlukahlukeneko, isib. Lotjha Nomzana, iye Nomzana, iye baba nofana iye mma, njll. Abantu abadala ‘bavunyel- we’ ukuphula imithetjhwana yokudlhegana eenkulumiswaneni. Bangathikameza, bakhalime, bathusele bebalungise abentwana eenkulumeni. Ikulumiswano ingasebenzisa indlela yokuyelelelisa, yokubawa, nofana yobukhali ngo- kuthembisa okuthileko. Qala iimbonelo ezilandelako: Mma: Kufanele ube lapha ekhaya nge-iri letjhumi, Badanile! Badanile: Mma kodwana ngaleso sikhathi kuzabe kukhona kuthoma ukuba mnandi emnyanyeni. Mma: Badanile! Ngithe ube lapha nge-iri letjhumi poro nofana uhlale ekhayapha ungayi ndawo. Badanile: Kungenzeka ngingasabuyi ekhayapha mma angeze ngisakwamukela ukuphathwa ngalindlela. Mma: Kulungile! Nge-iri letjhumi nambili-ke. Ingabe kulungile lokho? Badanile: Ngingabe bengifike msinyana nakusele imizuzu elitjhumi nahlanu bona kubethe i-iri letjhumi nambili mma. Ngiyakuthanda ungumma ophuma phambili. Ikulumiswano phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi Nanyana imithetjhwana yokudlhegana ngokukhula/ ngobudala yaziwa, kunabalingani abanamandla amakhulu ukudlula abanye. Eendaweni ezinengi kubonakala kuba madoda, ‘angafuni’ ukuphazanyiswa nakakhulumako. Funda ikulumo-pendulwano elandelako, utjheje bona ukuzithoba kusetjenziswa bunjani ukugcina amandla. Mfungelwa: Sithandwa, Ngingakhamba nabesana entambama namhlanjesi? Hleziphi: Kwaphela nangabe ngibiza boke abentazana sihlanganyele nani. Mfungelwa: Awa sithandwa, ngiyakubawa, wena uyasazi, sifuna ukuba nobusuku obumsulwa nje, ubusuku emmangweni. Bangaba neenhloni nange nikhona nani, awuboni? Hleziphi: Ungatshwenyeka swidi lami, sizabe sisemmangweni nathi senza zethu zobuntazana. Mfungelwa: Kungcono siyokulala ngiyabona bonyana sele uyenza iphaliswano indaba le. Hleziphi: Awa, nokho sithandwa bese ngifuna ukwenza izinto zibe bulula. Nawungaphatheki kuhle kulungile, khambani nodwa-ke. Ngingakulethela isiselo sakho osithandako, themba lami? 14 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

I-inthavyu yomsebenzi Umhlungi ulawula igadango netuthuko ekulumiswaneni. Yena unelungelo lokuphazamisa, atjele umhlungwa bona ajame lokha nakasalinga ukudlulisa imicabango yakhe. Abahlungwako bakatelelekile ukuhlangabezana nemigomo yokuhlung- wa. Qala iimbonelo ezilandelako: Isibonelo se-inthavyu ephakathi komsebenzi onguPhindile, osisazi ngeenhluthu nesazi ngokuzeswa kobuso. Umhlungi: Dade ingabe ungubani igama lakho? Phindile: NginguPhindile Sindana. Umhlungi: Usebenza msebenzi bani? Phindile: Ngisisazi seenhluthu nangezokuzeswa kobuso. Umhlungi: Unesikhathi esingangani usebenza lomsebenzi? Phindile: Pheze minyaka ebunane. Umhlungi: Ngiliphi ilwazi ebewunalo elakusizako kilomsebenzi owenzako? Phindile: Lilwazi nethando lokuzibandakanya nabantu. Bengilungisa abantu ubuso bona babe bahle. Umhlungi: Ngiliphi ibandulo onalo nofana ifundo onayo ekusizako kilomsebenzakho? Phindile: Ngiye esikolweni esibizwa bona yiSibahle Soke bese ngasebenza njengomsizi endaweni lapho kulungiswa khona iinhluthu bekutjhejwe nobuso. Yeke-ke, ngibe msizi womunye umuntu Umhlungi: bengafunda kuye bekwafika lapha ngiba nokuzithemba bengikghone nokuzijamela nami. Phindile: Kuthatha isikhathi esingangani ukufunda esikolweni sabonobuhle? Umhlungi: Nawufunda ngokuzeleko, kuthatha iinyanga ezili-10 namalangana ambadlwana nje kwaphela. Phindile: Alo- ke, ngemva kwalokhu kukuthethe isikhathi esingangani bona uzizwe Umhlungi: unokuzithemba bewukghone ukuzijamela ngokwakho? Phindile: Iinyanga ezintathu. Umhlungi: Kuhle khulu lokhu. Phindile: Awa, ngiyakuthokozela. Umhlungi: Ngiliphi ibandulo ongalilayela omunye onetjisakalo ngalomsebenzi? Phindile: Kufanele aye esikolweni sabonobuhle begodu kuyakhuthaza bona umuntu ahlale azihlomisa ngefundo. Azihlomise ngokuya ematlasini akghone ukufunda izinto ezihlukileko bekafunde nezinto Umhlungi: ezitja. Mumuntu onjani ongalungela lomsebenzi? Phindile: Mumuntu okghona ukubambelelela iimilo ezihlukeneko zabantu begodu abe mumuntu okghona Umhlungi: ukwanelisa abantu. Phindile: Ngikuphi okumnandi khulu ngomsebenzakho? SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 15

Umhlungi: Ngikghona ukusebenza umsebenzi engiwuthandako imini yoke. Ngimbatha nanyana yini engiyifunako. Omunye uza ahlangahlangene, bese akhambe sele aqaleka amuhle. Kubonakale Phindile: ithabo elikhulu ebusweni babo begodu lokho kungenza ngibe nekululeko ekulu yokwenza abantu bona baqaleke babahle. Umhlungi: Ngisiphi isitjhijilo esikhulu emsebenzinakho lo? Phindile: Awa azikho iintjhijilo engingathi ngezikulu. Kulula koke ngomsebenzi lo? Kuya ngamakhastamu. Umhlungi: Amakhastamu angaba ziintjhijilo ngesinye isikhathi. Kuhlekuhle abantu abakhethako nabanganelisekiko ngibo abaziintjhijilo. Yeke-ke banengi abanjalo. Isitjhijilo esikhulu kungaba Phindile: kuthola indawo efaneleko yokusebenzela, indawo evulekileko. Ngisiphi isikhathi esiphithizelako emsebenzinakho, yingcenye yomnyaka nofana yingcenye yenyanga? Kuphithizela ngeenkathi zesiphithiphithi emnyakeni, njengenyanga kaNobayeni neyePhasika. Yini okukhethekileko nofana okuhlukileko ngomsebenzakho? Umhlungi: Kukobana omunye nomunye umuntu uhlukile, nanyana kuziinhluthu zoke nje kodwana azifani. Kukobana omunye nomunye umuntu uhlukile, nanyana kuziinhluthu zoke Abantu bahlukile, Phindile: yekenje kodwanakangako akubi lula ukubenza azifani. Abantu ngendlela bahlukile, efanako. yeke akubi Okuhle ukubenza lula kangako kukobana ukghona ukuthabisa abantu ngomsebenzakho. ngendlela efanako. Okuhle kukobana ukghona ukuthabisa abantu ngomsebenzakho. Ngiyathokoza. Ngiyathokoza. Umhlungi: Kuthokoza mina. Kuthokoza mina. Phindile: IMISETJENZANA IMISETJENZANA UMSEBENZI 1: ILIMI NAMANDLA UMSEBENZI 1: ILIMI NAMANDLA Etheksthini engenzasi, ilimi Etheksthini lisetjenziselwe ukuzwakalisa engenzasi, amandla. Ofundako ilimi lisetjenziselwe uyezwa ukuzwakalisa bonyana amandla. kunomuntu Ofundako uyezwa onelawulo elingaphezu kwelakhe, okutjho khona bonyana bona kunomuntu kunomuntu onelawuloomqalileko. elingaphezu kwelakhe, okutjho khona bona kunomuntu omqalileko. Kubayini igama elithi, SOMANDLA elitlolwe ngehla litlolwe ngamagabhadlhela? Ucabanga Kubayini igama elithi, SOMANDLA bona kubayini elitlolwe ngehla kusetjenziswe ibinzana lamagama athi, ‘USOMANDLA ukuqalile’ litlolwe ngamagabhadlhela? kungasetjenziswa omunye omuntu nje? Ucabanga bona kubayini kusetjenziswe ibinzana lamagama athi, ‘USOMANDLA ukuqalile’ kungasetjenziswa omunye UMSEBENZI 2: ILIMI NAMANDLA omuntu nje? Etheksthini engenzasi, yikulumo eyenzeka ubuso nobuso/bunqopha (ikulumiswano) UMSEBENZI 2: ILIMI Ipholisa: NAMANDLA (Ngephimbo eliphezulu) Yeyi wena msana jama lapho, khengikusetjhe bonyana awukaphathi iindakamizwa na. Etheksthini engenzasi, yikulumo eyenzeka ubuso nobuso/bunqopha (ikulumiswano) UBafana: (Ngommoya ophasi) Utjho uburotho engibuphethekobu? Ngibuyobuthenga esitolo. Ngithunywe ngumma. Ipholisa: Jama ngifuna ukuzibonela bonyana burotho kwamambala na? Vula isikhwama sakhwesi ngibone. 23 16 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

Ipholisa: (Ngephimbo eliphezulu) Yeyi wena msana jama lapho, khengikusetjhe bonyana awukaphathi iindakamizwa na. UBafana: (Ngommoya ophasi) Utjho uburotho engibuphethekobu? Ngibuyobuthenga esitolo. Ngithunywe Ipholisa: ngumma. UBafana: Jama ngifuna ukuzibonela bonyana burotho kwamambala na? Vula isikhwama sakhwesi ngibone. Ipholisa: Ngithunyiwe, njeke sele ngirhabe khulu. UBafana: (Ngokukwata) Ngubani okubuzileko bonyana urhabe kangangani? Uyadelela yi! Ngilipholisa, Ipholisa: njeke uzokuzwa ngami, siyezwana. UBafana: (Ngokuzithoba) Ngiyakuzwa baba pholisa. Ipholisa: Nawuthi urhabile utjho nawubalekisa inyawupe le? Sewubotjhiwe msana. Ngiyarabhela, baba pholisa…. ngi…ngibawa ungangibophi, angeze ngisazibhema iindakamizwa, ngiyakuthembisa. Uzakukhuluma phambili, asikhambe. 1. Ucabanga bona ukusebenzisa iphimbo eliveza amaqhinga wokuzithoba ekulumeni engehla kuzomsiza na umuntu okhuluma nepholiseli? Sekela ipendulwakho. 2. Ngokubona kwakho ingabe bekufanele ukobana ipholiseli lisebenzise amaqhinga wobuso bokuthusela nakakhuluma nomuntu elikhuluma naye ekulumeni engehla na? Sekela ipendulwakho. 3. Ingabe kunawuphi umthelela ukusebenzisa ilimi elinganamandla lokha nawufuna kobana umuntu enze lokho ofuna akwenze? Sekela ipendulwakho. 4. Ingabe ukusebenzisa imilayelo okwenziwa lipholisa ekulumeni engehla kube nawuphi umphumela? Sekela ipendulwakho. ISIGABA 3: ILIMI LOKWENZISA/LOKUDLELEZELA, LOKUKHOHLISA, ELINEZWELOMAG- AMA, ELITHATHA IHLANGOTHI, UKUNGATHANDI ABANTU NEENKOLELO EZINGANABU- FAKAZI (STEREOTYPE) NOKUZINDLEKELA (PREJUDICE) 3.1 Liyini ilimi lokwenzisa nelimi lokukhohlisa? Ilimi lokwenzisa lisetjenziselwa ukwenza bona senze isenzo esithileko. Lisimema  bona sivumelane nombono owethulweko. Abasebenzisi belimi lokwenzisa abakukarekeli ukunikela abantu amaphuzu. Ihloso yabo ukubandakanya imizwa yethu kunokobana iveze isizathu sethu.  Ilimi lokukhohlisa linqophe ekudlelezeleni abantu, Isib. Esikhangisweni nofana eenkulumeni zezepolotiki, itshimo, irhwala, ifanamdumo nokhunye kusetjenziswa ekudlelezeleni abamukelilwazi. Ilimi lokukhohlisa linqophe bona lenzise ofundako/abamukelilwazi SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME bona bakholelwe embonweni womtloli wetheksthi. | ISINDEBELE 17  Omunye nomunye umtlolo ungaba nelimi lokukhohlisa ngomnqopho wokufuna ukudosa loyo ofundako bona akhambisane nombonwakhe.

3.1 Liyini ilimi lokwenzisa nelimi lokukhohlisa? • Ilimi lokwenzisa lisetjenziselwa ukwenza bona senze isenzo esithileko. Lisimema bona sivumelane nombo- no owethulweko. Abasebenzisi belimi lokwenzisa abakukarekeli ukunikela abantu amaphuzu. Ihloso yabo ukubandakanya imizwa yethu kunokobana iveze isizathu sethu. • Ilimi lokukhohlisa linqophe ekudlelezeleni abantu, Isib. Esikhangisweni nofana eenkulumeni zezepolotiki, itshimo, irhwala, ifanamdumo nokhunye kusetjenziswa ekudlelezeleni abamukelilwazi. Ilimi lokukhohlisa lin- qophe bona lenzise ofundako/abamukelilwazi bona bakholelwe embonweni womtloli wetheksthi. • Omunye nomunye umtlolo ungaba nelimi lokukhohlisa ngomnqopho wokufuna ukudosa loyo ofundako bona akhambisane nombonwakhe. • Ilimi lokwenzisa alilahli umkhondo kodwana litjengisa iindlela zokukhohlisa ukusiza ofundako bonyana ak- wazi ukulisebenzisa. 3.2 Lisetjenziswa kuphi ilimi lokwenzisa? Eenkhangisweni, ilimi lokwenzisa lisetjenziselwa ukukhuthaza abathengi bona bakholwe kobana lomkhiqizo abathengisel- wa wona bayawutlhoga nofana bayawufuna. Ilimi lokwenzisa lingasetjenziswa ema-eseyini nakuma-edithoriyali ukutlola umbono owenzisako. Amaqhinga welimi lokwenzisa atjhuguluka ukuya ngokomnqopho nofana abamukelilwazi. Linga- setjenziswa nangendlela yokurhatjha ilwazi ukwenzela bona abantu bakholwe, isib. Amaqiniso angakapheleli azwaka- liswa eenhliziyweni zabamukelilwazi ukubakatelela bona bakholwe into ethileko ngesikhathi samajima wezepolotiki nofana ngeenkhathi zepi. Lisetjenziswa eenkulumeni nema-athikilini wamaphephandaba. UMSEBENZI 3: Hlolisisa itheksthi engenzasi. (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Iimphakamiso ezilandelako zingakusiza bona uyelele indlela umtlami wesikhangiswesi asebenzise ngayo ilimi: Iimphakamiso ezilandelako zingakusiza bona uyelele indlela umtlami wesikhangiswesi asebenzise ngayo ilimi:  Thoma ngokuzicabangela bona ilimi elisetjenzisweko lifaka hlangana • Thoma ngokuzicabangela bona ilimi ukuzikhethela. elisetjenzisweko Zibuze bona, lifaka hlangana ukuzikhethela. Zibuze bona, o Kubayini umtlami wesikhangiswesi asebenzise ilimi lokwenzisa o Kubayini umtlami wesikhangiswesi asebenzise ilimi lokwenzisa esikhangisweni esingehla? esikhangisweni esingehla? o Kubayini akhethe ukusebenzisa igama elithi, ‘YEHLISA’ kunokobana o asebenzise igama Kubayini akhethe ukusebenzisa elithi, igama ‘PHUNGULA’ elithi, ‘YEHLISA’esikhangisweni kunokobana esingehla? asebenzise igama elithi, ‘PHUN- o Kubayini umtlami GULA’ esikhangisweni esingehla? wesikhangiswesi asebenzise amagama athi, ‘YENYULWA BODORHODERA BOKE’.  Lemuka bewubuthelele amagama ukuya ‘ngokuphika’, ‘ukuvuma’ nofana o Kubayini umtlami wesikhangiswesi asebenzise amagama athi, ‘YENYULWA BODORHODERA BOKE’. ukungathathi ihlangothi etheksthini.  Cabanga ngesinye isikhangiso okhe wasibona kumagazini nofana • Lemuka bewubuthelele amagama ukuya kumabonakude. Tlola‘ngokuphika’, ‘ukuvuma’ nofana amagama asetjenziswe ukungathathi kiso veza umqondoihlangothi welimi etheksthi- ni. elithinta imizwa. Lamagama akhuthaza ziphi iimfuno zomthengi?  Kukholweka bona kuneemfuno zokuthoma zabantu ezimbalwa – umnotho, ithabo, • Cabanga ngesinye ukudana, isikhangiso okhe wasibona ipumelelo, kumagazini ubuhle, njll. Tjhejanofana kumabonakude. indlela iinkhangiso Tlolauzibone evane amagama asetjen- ziswe kiso aveza umqondongamalangawelimieziba elithinta imizwa. Lamagama nomthelela akhuthaza ngayo eemfunweni leziziphi iimfuno zomthengi? zokusebenzisa ilimi elithinta imizwa. • Kukholweka  bona kuneemfuno Iinkhangiso zokuthoma zeenhlanganozabantu ezimbalwa – ezisiza abantu umnotho, batlhogako ithabo, ukudana, zimithombo emihle ipumelelo, ubuhle, njll. Tjheja indlela iinkhangiso yokuthola evaneimizwa ilimi elithinta uzibone ngamalanga – zitlhoga ezibaisazelo ukuvusa nomthelela ngayokiloyo nokudana eemfunweni lezi zokusebenzisa ilimi elithinta ofundakoimizwa. ukuze akhuthalele ukuthola isizo neminikelo kizo. 18 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE Isibonelo sehlangano esiza abantu abatlhogako.

• Iinkhangiso zeenhlangano ezisiza abantu abatlhogako zimithombo emihle yokuthola ilimi elithinta imizwa – zitlhoga ukuvusa isazelo nokudana kiloyo ofundako ukuze akhuthalele ukuthola isizo neminikelo kizo. Isibonelo sehlangano esiza abantu abatlhogako. (Zithethwe ku:www.google images.com) • Thola iimbonelo zeenqubulo eenkhangisweni zamajima ezisebenzisa imidumo, isibonelo, ifanatjhada, igido ukwenza kube lula ukukhumbula umkhiqizo lowo nofana umsebenzi owenziwa libubulwelo. Isib. Isiqubulo sesitolo SAKWATHUBANA esithi, WALALA WAPHUNDWA! (fanamdumo) Ngaqala ngaqalisisa ukuqala kwami kwanga ngiyaqaquluka. (fanangwaqa) Ngakhamba kwanga angikhambi kanti ngikhambisa kwanga ngisitimela (igido). 3.3 Amaqhinga wokwenzisa Amaqhinga wokwenzisa alandelako afanele ayelelwe bekasetjenziswe nakulalelweko, nakufundwako (kufaka hlangana amatheksthi abukelwako) nakukhulunywako nalokha nakutlolwako. 1. Ukungazwakali kuhle Isikhulumi sisebenzisa amagama anganahlathululo ezwakalako. Ngemva kwekulumo kuzwakale abamukelilwazi ba- buza imibuzo ethi, ‘Ingabe umuntu lo uthini kuhlekuhle?’ Isibonelo, ‘Angikwali ukobana ukwenzile lokho kodwana aka- kalungi.’ 2. Ukuba nehlathululo engaphezu keyodwa Igama elinehlathululo engaphezu keyodwa elivulekele ukurhunyutjhwa/ukuhlathululwa ngeendlela ezihlukeneko, liset- jenziselwa ukuveza ilemuko elihlukeneko. Esitatimendenesi esithi, ‘Ngiyathemba uthole umvuzo ogade uwulindele’, sisenza singabi nesiqiniseko sokobana isikhulumesi sisifisela okuhle nofana okumbi ngaphandle kobana ubujamo bekulumaswesi siveze umnqophaso. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 19

3. Ilimi elithatha ihlangothi nokungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko Ukuthatha ihangothi kusetjenziswa emitjhwaneni emibuzo nanyana esitatimende. Emitjhwaneni efana nethi, ‘Kubay- ini inarha yekhethu ifune ukuphasisa umThetho ohlongozwako ongakhambelani nomThetho-siSekelo wenarha?’ Ilimi liphakamisa ukobana ukuhlolwa komThethomlingwa ohlongozwako lo kunzinze bekunqotjhiswe ezintweni ezingenziwa nezingakafuzi bona zenziwe. Njeke, ilimi elizele ngemizwa laloyo osekela umbono lo lizokuvezwa ngiloyo mthetho ohlongozwako nokobana iinkulumiswano nazo kungenzeka zinganikeli ihlathululo ezeleko ngokumunyethwe mthetho lo. Ukutjengisa ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko kutjengisa abantu bona omunye unomukghwa othileko ngombana uhlala nesiqhema esinomukghwa lowo, lokho kwenza umuntu akhulume ikulumo embi/ ephuma emkhumbulwenakhe ayembathise abantu boke nebonakala inganaqiniso. Isibonelo, ‘Amadoda batjhayeli abangcono kunabafazi.’ Ijagoni Ijagoni itjho amagama ahlobene nezomsebenzi othileko angeze azwisiswa ngomunye nomunye umuntu kodwana asetjenziswa lihlobo elithileko labantu abasebenza msebenzi munye/ abanebizelo elifanako. Isikhulumi nofana umtloli angasebenzisa ijagoni ukwenzela bona ilwazi lizwakale liqakatheke khulu, khulukhulu ebujameni bokwamukeleka no- kuthembeka nofana ubukhulu bakhe. Igandelela ukuveza bona abamukelilwazi bazi kancani kangangani ngento ethile- ko nofana ukuhlangahlanganisa ukuzwisisa kwabamukelilwazi ngento ekusuke kukhulunywa ngayo. Isibonelo, udorhodera angakhupha isaziso ‘ngobuhlungukazi obuzwiwa siguli nasiphefumulako’, lokho, ebizelweni labodorhodera kuhlathulule bona alisekho ithemba lokuphila lesigulaneso. 4. Imibuzo engafuni ipendulo nemibuzo eyenza umuntu acabange kabanzi Imibuzo engafuni ipendulo, isitatimende esakhiwe njengombuzo kodwana ongakafaneli bona uphendulwe. Imibuzo le yenzelwe ukwenza bona abantu bacabange kunokunikela iimpendulo nje. Imibuzo engafuni ipendulo nofana imibuzo engafunekiko ingasetjenziswa eenrhatjhini ezahlukahlukeneko. Isibonelo: Kubayini iinyawo zakho zinuka begodu nepumulwakho iphuma amathimila? 5. Ilimi eligandelelako, irhwala nokukhulisa into ngendlela engakafaneli Ilimi elinokurhwala likhulisa ikulumo ngokungakholwekiko kilokho elikutjhoko, ukuveza imizwa ethusako kunalokhu isi- tatimende esikunqophileko nebesikufuna. Isibonelo, “Usodorobha angafa ngaphambi kobana avumele idorobha bona lilahlekelwe yimali” kungaba sitatimende esilirhwala esiveza bona usodorobha angenza nanyana yini ukuvikela ibhajedi yedorobha lakhe. 6. Ifanamdumo Ifanamdumo itholakala khulukhulu esihlokweni, esitatimendeni sokugcina nofana emutjhweni. Ukusebenzisa ungwaqa wokuthoma ofanako yindlela ejayelekileko esetjenziswa ziimbongi nabakhangisi. Kungasilinga nange isetjenziswe ngokudluleleko kodwana ingenza imida bona ibumbeke msinya begodu ikhumbuleke. Isib. Isiqubulo sesitolo SAKWATHUBANA esithi, WALALA WAPHUNDWA (fanamdumo). Ngaqala ngaqalisisa ukuqala kwami kwangangiyaqaquluka. (fanangwaqa) Ngakhamba kwanga angikhambi kodwana ngikhambisa kwanga ngisitimela (igido). 7. Ivumelwano Ivumelwano kubuyabuyelelwa kwamatjhada afanako, atholakala ekugcineni kwemida yekondlo nanyana ingoma. Isibo- nelo: Zithabela ukuzwa ilizwi lakho, Engqondwenami kuhlezi isithombe sakho. 8. I-alujini I-alujini itjho into, nanyana umdzubhulo, umutjhwana onamandla abamukelilwazi abangawaziko. Kunobungozi kilokhu ngombana umtloli kufuze abe nesiqiniseko sokobana abamukelilwazi bakhe bayawazi umdzubhulo lo, ngaphandle ko- bana umdzubhulo usebenze kuhle nofana imvelaphi yawo yaziwe. 20 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

IIMBONELO UMariya uvakatjhele umfundisakhe ubawa ukuba nekulumo naye ngemsitheleni (Kusetjenziswe igama elithi, ‘nicode- mously’ ekuligama lesiNgisi elihlathulula ukuba ngemsitheleni ngelimi lesiNdebele kanti kuligama lomuntu onguNikhod- imasi webhayibhelini), igameli lisetjenziswe lisuselwa esehlakalweni esakhe senzeka ebhayibhelini lapha uNikhodimasi ayakhona kuZimu ebukusu ukwenzela ukusikhumbuza ngesehlakalo esihlobene nalokho okwakhe kwenzeka kade. Ikulumo ephambeneko nalokho ekutjhoko nanyana imibono ephambene nokumadaniswako. 9. Isihlonipho nesiphoqo Isihlonipho ligama eliveza ikulumo ehlabako ngokuyibhoda nofana kusetjenziswe amagama abuthakathaka natham- bileko esikhundleni salawo azwisa ubuhlungu nesizi nalawo azilako. Ngakelinye ihlangothi igama elithi, isiphoqo litjho ihlanakela yesihlonipho. Isiphoqo kusetjenziswa kwamagama amambi anyefulako nahlabako. Isibonelo, kunokuthi isikhulumi sithi ikinga nanyana isiqabo, singathi ihlangahlangano. Igama eliphakathi Isihlonipho Isiphoqo Isigwebo sentambo Ukujeziswa ngokubulawa Ukubulawa okusekelwe Mbuso ivukelambuso Umlweli wekululeko Idelakufa 10. Ukubuyelelwa Lokha nasikhuluma ngokubuyelela sisuke sihlathulula ukubuyabuyelela kwamagama, imitjhwana nemicabango ngomnqopho wokuveza umbono othileko. Iimbonelo, • Singakuqeda ukusetjenziswa kweendakamizwa ezingasisemthethweni begodu sizokuqeda ukusetjen- ziswa kweendakamizwa ezingasisemthethweni. • Angeze, angeze, angeze kusenzeka godu bona iphasi elihleli libone ukuhlukunyezwa komunye ngo- munye (ikulumo eyakhulunywa nguMongameli walokha uNelson Mandela nakabekwa esitulweni sokuba nguMongameli wokuthoma womuntu onzima). • Khumbula bona bekunjani ukuba sesikolweni; khumbula bona bewunomsebenzi omunengi kangangani. 11. I-anedoksi Yindatjana efitjhani ehlathulula iphuzu. Iimbonelo, amaphuzu neembalobalo angasetjenziswa njengobufakazi obuqinisekisa nobusekela ikulumakho. Umnqopho we-anedoksi ufaka hlangana; ukuthabisa (ukucoca indat- jana ezokwenza bona abantu bahleke nofana babe namazizo athabileko), ukukhumbuza umuntu into eyakhe yenzeka, ukuyelelisa, ukwenzisa into ethileko nofana ukukhuthaza umuntu. 12. Ilimi lobutjhaba Litjho ukwenza izinto ngokulunga, imibono elungileko nengakalungi, imikghwa emihle nobulungiswa. Isib. Into eyodwa elungileko ekufuze yenziwe uku... Sikatelelwa mumukghwa omuhle ukobana si... 13. Amatlitjhe Imitjhwana esele isetjenziswe khulu nengakahleleki ngokwehlelo esiza ukwenza ikulumo ibe nephimbo eliledlhileko nesithi iqakathekile ukobana idose umuntu bona akholwe okutjhiwoko. Isibonelo, umutjho othi, ‘Ilutjha bakhambe ngekoloyi emhlophe notitjhere uSkhosana’. Lomutjho uveza ukungakahleleki kuhle ngokwe- hlelo. Isenzo esithi, ‘bakhambe’, esisetjenziswe emutjhweni lo asikhambisani nebizo elithi, ‘Ilutjha’ nokubangela umutjho lo ube ngongakahleleki. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 21

3.4 Ilimi elithinta imizwa/ ilimi elinezwelomagama Liyini ilimi elithinta imizwa/ ilimi elinezwelomagama? Ilimi elithinta imizwa/elinezwelomagama lithathwa njengeqhinga elikhohlisako begodu laziwa ngokobana lilimi elihlu- kahlukeneko. Kanengi lisetjenziswa ukuthinta imizwa. Amagama afana nalawa angavusa imizwa enamandla ukobana sigandeleleke nofana ukusikatelela bona senze okuthileko ngokuthusela ofundako bonyana avume. Lamagama avusa imizwa enamandla ngaphakathi komuntu, isib. Ukukwata, ithabo, ukukholwa, njll. Lokha nasikhuluma ngelimi elithinta imizwa sikhuluma ngelimi elinamagama anehlathululo ebhamba, isib. iinhlathululo ezidephileko/ ezingeneleleko eziveza nezivusa imizwa. Iyini ihlathululo yegama ebhamba nefihlakeleko? Amagama anemihlobo yeenhlathululo ezimbili: ihlathululo ebhamba nehlathululo efihlakeleko. Ihlathululo ebhamba/enqophileko > yihlathululo etjhatjhalazi/ ebunqopha/ enqophileko/ yihlathululo yegama njengom- bana linjalo. Ihlathululo efihlakeleko > yihlathululo yegama engasitjhatjhazi/ eveza ihlathululo enomqondo ofihlakeleko/ umqondo ongakanqophi. Ihlathululo enqophileko nefihlakeleko yegama kesinye isikhathi kuba ngilokhu okuzwako bese kwakheka amazizo athileko. Ihlathululo efihlakeleko yihlathululo evezwa ngokungakanqophi. Ihlathululo enqophileko nefihlakeleko yegama iba khona kokubili ikhambisana neenhlathululo ezizinqophileko. Ihlathululo enqophileko yegama elithi, ‘inyoka’ litjho isilwana esingananyawo/ esisirhurhubi nesinetjhefu eyingozi. Ihlathululo efihlakeleko yegama elithi, ‘inyoka’ lingatjho umuntu onehliziyo embi nohlebako nofana umuntu oweba iin- tambo zegezi. Akhe siqale iimbonelo zamagama anqophileko nangakanqophi ethebuleni elandelako: Ihlathululo efihlakeleko yegama Ihlathululo ebhamba yegama • USandile lo yinyoka. • USandile akathembeki/ uyingozi umsabe. • Ikhamphani yakwa-ESKOM ithe zoke • Ikhamphani yakwa-ESKOM ithe boke abantu abeba iinyoka zizokubanjwa zivalelwe. iintambo zegezi bazokubanjwa bebavalelwe. • Ingaphakathi lamagama athinta imizwa asetjenziswa nakutlolwako nofana etheksthini ekhulunywako ay- ikomba ehle yemizwa yomtloli ngesihloko sendaba. Lokhu kungaveza ukuthatha ihlangothi nofana ukuz- indlekela komtloli. • Okhulumako angakuvusela imizwa kobana ulandele iphuzu lakhe, kufana nokutlikitla igontraga yomsebenzi othileko, ukuzinikela ekutjhotjhozeleni okuthileko, njll. • Amanye wamagama athinta imizwa nanehlathululo enqophileko ngilawa athi, ‘indlela abafundako bebama- danisa ngayo amagama la ibonakala ithandeka ngombana isenza sizizwe sibahle. Isib. Ukufuthumela, uku- ba buthakathaka, ukunuka kamnandi, ukuhleba ngephimbo eliphasi, ukumanga, ukuthanda, ukuthembeka’, njll. • Indlela abafundako nabalaleleko abaziphendulela ngayo emagameni athinta imizwa kunzinze elemukweni labo nelingemuva labo nofana indlela into ethileko eyakhe yenzeka ngayo, Isib. Omunye umuntu owakhe walunywa yinja nakabona inja uba nemizwa ehlukileko kunaloyo ongakhange khekalunywe yinja. Akhe siqaleni ikondlo elandelako ukubona bonyana amagama avusa imizwa ehlukeneko ebantwini akhona na: Aziyokujama elitjeni C.T Mnguni 22 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

1 Ngikhohlwa nawe uzikhohlwe, 2 Akunandaba ngikhohlwa, 3 Usikhohlwe soke, nesingamaziko 4 Ukhumbule labo abathathu onabo. 5 Ngisalila ngongathana, 6 Ngithi ngathana waba khona. 7 Akusanandaba jabula, 8 Ungasifuni sinodade, simamathe nelimu, 9 Nasele kutjhisa, 10 Nakungimi yena 11 Uzongifuna ungasangitholi. 12 Yazi-ke bona mina, 13 Angibhemi begodu angibhenywa. 14 Azilime ziy’elitjeni. Ngenzasi kuneembonelo zamagama angazwisi ubuhlungu/ angahlabiko nanehlathululo eyamukelekako nen- gamukelekiko. Amagama angazwisi ubuhlungu/Angahlabiko Amagama anehlathululo Amagama anehlathululo eyamukelekako engamukelekiko Khehla yonda Iba mgorhu Ikoloyi isileyi Itlhere lekoloyi Iimbonelo zamagama athinta imizwa naneenhlathululo ezamukelekako nezingamukelekiko Amagama athinta imizwa naneehlathululo Amagama athinta imizwa naneehlathululo ezamukelekako ezingamukelekiko Ukuzithemba Ukuzikhakhazisa Ukuba mutjha Ukungakakhuli eengqondweni Isitjhijilo Ubudisi Ukuphana Ukudimana/ ukungaphani Ukuba nomzimba omkhulu Ukunona/ ukuzimuka Iimbonelo zelimi elithinta imizwa eenHlokweni eziKulu ezivezwe ePhephandabeni Ingozi edlule namaphilo wabantu abathathu kufaka hlangana nesana elinenyanga eyodwa Isokana elikate isilukazi esineminyaka eli-100 ligwetjwe iminyaka emasumi amabili Amapholisa abambe umsolwa ambetha bewahlongakala khonokho SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 23

Amapholisa abambe umsolwa ambetha bewahlongakala khonokho Iindlela ezingakusiza ukuyelela/ ukuhlukanisa ilimi elithinta imizwa: • Lokha nawufunda i-athikili enye nenye kungaba mumukghwa omuhle nawungakwazi ukucabangela okun- ndlela ezingakusiza ukuyelela/ galethwa ukuhlukanisa yi-athikili esuke itlolwe ilimi elithinta ngomunye imizwa: umuntu onemibono ehlukileko.  Lokha nawufunda i-athikili enye nenye kungaba mumukghwa omuhle • nawungakwaziUmtloliukucabangela angalisebenzisa bunjani ilimi ukuzama okungalethwa yi-athikiliukutjhugulula imizwa esuke itlolwe yakho ukuze ufikelele esiphethweni ngomunye asihlosileko? umuntu onemibono ehlukileko.  Umtloli angalisebenzisa bunjani ilimi ukuzama ukutjhugulula imizwa yakho ukuze • Lalela abosopolotiki, kanengi basebenzisa ilimi elithinta imizwa/ elinezwelomagama ukwenzisa abantu bon- ufikelele esiphethweni asihlosileko? yana bavumelane nemibonwabo.  Lalela abosopolotiki, kanengi basebenzisa ilimi elithinta imizwa/ elinezwelomagama 3. 5 Ilimi lokwenzisa ukwenzisa abantu bonyana elisetjenziswa bavumelane nemibonwabo. eenkhangisweni . 5 Ilimi • lokwenzisa elisetjenziswa Abakhangisi eenkhangisweni basebenzisa ilimi elinomthelela emikhumbulweni yabantu, eenkolelweni nezenzekweni ezith- ileko.  Abakhangisi basebenzisa ilimi elinomthelela emikhumbulweni yabantu, • Iqhinga elilodwa elimadaniswa nokuvuma nofana nokuphikisana kwemiqondo nemizwa ngomkhiqizo nofana eenkolelweni nezenzekweni ezithileko. umsebenzi othengiswako.  Iqhinga elilodwa elimadaniswa nokuvuma nofana nokuphikisana kwemiqondo nemizwa Abantu • ngomkhiqizo nofana abanengi umsebenzi abathengi othengiswako. imikhiqizo ngombana inekhwalithi engcono kuneminye kodwana bayithenga  Abantu abanengi ngokumadanisaabathengi imikhiqizo nomkhiqizo okungakhambelani ngombana inekhwalithi engcono lowo. kuneminye kodwana bayithenga ngokumadanisa okungakhambelani nomkhiqizo • lowo. Isibonelo: I-NOKIA ‘Ithintanisa abantu’.  Isibonelo: I-NOKIA ‘Ithintanisa abantu’. (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) .5.1 Amatshwayo wesikhangiso atjhejekako 3.5.1 Amatshwayo wesikhangiso atjhejekako 33 • Amaqhinga ajayelekileko wesikhangiso avela ngeqhinga i-TKTE - iTjhejo, iKareko, iTjisakalo nokwEnza (AIDA) • Itjhejo: Okuthileko okwenza bonyana iqhingelo livele epepeneneni khulu nofana kancani ngaphezu kwamanye, isib. Iinthombe, iinhloko ezikulu, isakhiwo, umtlamo nofana umbala, njll. • Ikareko: Lokhu kuphunyeleliswa ngokwenza umzimba wekhophi ufanelane nendlela ethileko nelwazi laloyo ofundako, nofana ukwanelisa lokhu okufunwako nofana ikareko laloyo ofundako. Lokhu kungenziwa ngoku- zalisa ikhuphoni nofana udose umrhala nawufuna ilwazi elidephileko begodu kungaba khona imitlomelo efa- na nesipho sasimahla nofana ukuthenga ngentengo ephasi nangabe loyo ofunde isikhangiso usiphendule ngendlela ethileko. • Itjisakalo: umkhiqizo nofana umsebenzi owenziwako wethulwa ngendlela eqinisa ukudosa kwawo netji- sakalo. Ofunde isikhangiso kungenzeka athenge umkhiqizo lowo nofana azame umsebenzi owenziwako. • Ukwenza: Esikhangisweni esiphumelelako hlangana neminye kuzokuba khona isimemo sokwenza okuthile- ko okunqophileko ukobana umuntu awuthenge umkhiqizo lowo. 3.5.2 Amagama enzisako asetjenziswa esikhangisweni Amagama alandelako angasiza ngesitayela sokutlola isikhangiso, iphostara, ibhrowutjha neflaya: 24 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

-tja Namandla Qakathekileko Kuhle nje Nomkhawulo Ubugugu Ngokungakalindeleki Tjhaphuluka Ithuba Vuma Umkariso-mraro/ umlingo Yazisa Isithembiso Enzekako Ukungenisa kuhle khulu Kokugcina Phephileko Azisa Phumelelako Usomamiliyoni Siza Masinyana Nganamkhawulo Dumileko Ngakavami Phile kuhle Umnotho Itjhejo Imitlomelo Enza ngcono Imali Iphuzu lamambala Phathekako Lula Ithabo Isithombe Rhabileko Faneleko Karisako Khulu kwamambala Njenganje Funekako Vukelambuso Iqiniso Umthumbi -Dwa Enza ngcono Ngajamiko Tjengisweko Karako Ngemva kwesikhathi Kuhle Njingileko Isivumelwano sokuthenga Ifihlo ephezulu Lula Mathupha Ithando Intumba Sindisa Bhudanga Qinisekisweko Vumbulula Khulu Akha Wena Bonakalisweko Thusako Phumelela Rhaba Iligugu Ukumanga 3.5.3 Ihlathululo yamanye wamagama adosako kanye namaqhinga asetjenziswa emkhangisweni emkhangisweni Bulunga imali Bulunga imali Izandla phezulunangabe Izandla phezulu nangabe awufuni ukonaukona awufuni isikhathiisikhathi nemali. Simaphesende ama-99 thina esifuna nemali. Simaphesende ama-99 thina esifuna ukubulunga imali. Nange ungathembisa omunye ukubulunga imali. Nange umuntu ukumbulungela ungathembisa omunye imali unesiqinisekiso umuntu ukumbulungela imaliyemali sokufumana itjhejo nemigodlabo unesiqinisekiso ngaphambi kobana bathi ‘Letha isipatjhi sami sokufumana itjhejo nemigodlabo yemali semali leso’. ngaphambi kobana bathi ‘Letha isipatjhi sami semali leso’. (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Zokuphepha (nofana phephileko) (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Sigandelela ivikeleko emikhiqizwenethu. Sifuna ukwazi bonyana iimali zethu esizibulungileko ziphephile nofana abentwabethu badlala ngamathoysi asezingeni eliphezulu lezokuphepha. Sifuna ukudla okuhlolweko begodu sifuna ukuphepha ngezambathweni nemanyathelweni. Akurari bonyana amanzi wokwehlisa umzimba ekuthiwa mamanzi wabantu abanetjhukela aselwa kwangathi angekhe abanga ubulwele. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 25 (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com)

sokufumana nemali.itjhejo nemigodlabo Simaphesende yemali ama-99 thina esifuna ngaphambi kobana ukubulunga bathi imali. ‘Letha isipatjhi Nange ungathembisami omunye semali leso’. umuntu ukumbulungela imali unesiqinisekiso sokufumana itjhejo nemigodlabo yemali (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Zokuphepha (nofana phephileko) Zokuphepha ngaphambi (nofana phephileko) kobana bathi ‘Letha isipatjhi sami semali leso’. Sigandelela ivikeleko emikhiqizwenethu. Sifuna ukwazi (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) bonyanaSigandelela iimali zethu ivikeleko emikhiqizwenethu. Sifuna esizibulungileko Zokuphepha (nofana ziphephile phephileko) nofana ukwazi bonyana abentwabethu iimali zethu badlala esizibulungileko ngamathoysi asezingeni ziphephile eliphezulu nofana lezokuphepha. abentwabethu Sifuna ukudla badlala Sifuna okuhlolweko Sigandelela ivikeleko emikhiqizwenethu. begodu sifuna ukuphepha ngamathoysi ngezambathweni asezingeni eliphezulu ukwazi bonyana iimali zethu esizibulungileko nemanyathelweni. lezokuphepha.Akurari ziphephile bonyana Sifuna nofana amanzi ukudla wokwehlisa okuhlolweko abentwabethu badlala umzimba ekuthiwa begodu sifunamamanzi wabantu ukuphepha abanetjhukela ngezambathweni ngamathoysi asezingeni eliphezulu aselwa kwangathi angekhe abanga ubulwele. nemanyathelweni. lezokuphepha. Akurari bonyana Sifuna ukudla amanzi okuhlolweko begodu sifuna ukuphepha wokwehlisa mzimba ekuthiwa mamanzi ngezambathweni wabantu nemanyathelweni. abanetjhukela Akurari aselwabonyana amanzi kwangathi wokwehlisa umzimba angekhe abanga ubulwele. ekuthiwa mamanzi wabantu abanetjhukela aselwa kwangathi angekhe abanga ubulwele. (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Isiqiniseko Isiqiniseko (iimbalobalo (iimbalobalo eziqinisekisweko). eziqinisekisweko). Isiqiniseko (iimbalobalo eziqinisekisweko). Abakhangisi banikela banikela Abakhangisi ngobufakazi ngekhwalithi ngobufakazi ngekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yabo. Njengokuthi umkhiqizo yemikhiqizo yabo. Njengokuthi umkhiqizo Abakhangisi banikela ngobufakazi ngekhwalithi wekhamphani yemikhiqizo ethengisa isihlanza yabo. mazinyo sakwa- Njengokuthi umkhiqizo Colgatewekhamphani sihlanza amazinyoethengisa isihlanza abe mhlophe twa,mazinyo wekhamphani ethengisa isihlanza mazinyo njengokuthi abodorhodera bamazinyo abali-9 abe mhlophe sakwa-Colgate sihlanza amazinyo sakwa-Colgate twa, njengokuthi sihlanza abodorhodera amazinyo abe mhlophe bamazinyo abali- kwabali-10 bayakukhuthaza ukuyisebenzisa. Yihle twa, njengokuthi abodorhodera begodu9iqinisekisiwe. kwabali-10 Ilinge bayakukhuthaza ukuyisebenzisa.abali- nawe. Imininingwana bamazinyo injengombana 9ivezwe kwabali-10 bayakukhuthaza ukuyisebenzisa. kumabonakude. Yihle begodu iqinisekisiwe. Yihle begodu Ilinge iqinisekisiwe. nawe. Ilinge nawe. Imininingwana injengombana Imininingwana injengombana ivezwe ivezwe kumabonakude. kumabonakude. (Sithethwe ku:www.google (Sithethwe ku:www.googleimages.com) images.com) Thanda Thanda (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Thanda IgameliIgameli lineenhlathululo lineenhlathululo ezinengi ezinengi alitjho alitjho ukuthandanakwabantu ukuthandana kwabantuabatjhadeneko abatjhadeneko kwaphela. kwaphela. Ungayithanda into ethileko (njengamanyathelo amatjha) nofana ungathanda into ethileko Ungayithanda into ethileko (njengamanyathelo amatjha) nofana ungathanda into ethileko Igamelingendlelangendlelaezinengi lineenhlathululo esebenza ngayo alitjho – “Ngithanda ngendlela uJabu ambatha ngayo.” Nanyana ngayiphi esebenza indlela, ithando ngayo ligama – ukuthandana “Ngithanda elinesisindo kwabantu ngendlela nelithandwako. abatjhadeneko uJabu ambatha kwaphela. ngayo.”Ungayithanda into Nanyana ngayiphi ethilekoindlela, (njengamanyathelo amatjha) nofana ungathanda ithando ligama elinesisindo nelithandwako. into ethileko ngendlela esebenza ngayo – “Ngithanda ngendlela uJabu ambatha ngayo.” Nanyana ngayiphi indlela, ithando ligama elinesisindo nelithandwako. Vumbulula Vumbulula Vumbulula 35 35 Igama elithi, ‘vumbulula’ sikhuthazo abakhangisi abavame ukusisebenzisa. ‘Uzokufumana okuthileko ngemva kokufunda itheksthi le, ragela phambili uyifunde’. Nakuza ekuphutheleni imikhiqizo, ukhuthazwa bona uwulinge nawe. ‘Ukuvumbulula’ sithembiso sokobana kukhona okukhulu okusezako. Njengalokha nawuvula isipho ngelanga lakho lamabeletho, ukuvumbulula kesinye isikhathi kuletha umqondo wethabo. Qinisekisweko Igameli liqinisekisa ukuphepha. Cabanga ngendlela ohlale ulisebenzisa ngayo qobe lilanga ubone amandla elinawo. ‘Ngiyakuqinisekisa bonyana ngizobe ngisekhaya nge- iri lesi-5 entambama’ yindlela osusa ngayo ukungabaza. Ekukhangiseni, ukuqinisekisa kusithembiso esenziwa libubulo emthengisini, sibonakala singangabazeki. ‘Uzokubuyiselwa imalakho nange umkhiqizo lo ungakakusebenzeli’ amagama la anamandla ngombana asusa ukuzaza ukusebenzisa umkhiqizo omutjha othileko. Zamaphilo Ipilo– Lokhu kunamandla khulu lokha nakwenzeka emkhiqizweni nangaphandle kokukhuluma ngepilo yomzimba kwaphela. Mhlamunye okusetjenziswako ngokujayelekileko okuhlukileko, ‘kukwenza ngcono ubujamo bezeemali, kuyasebenza lokhu ngombana soke siyazi bonyana ipilo elungileko ngenjani. Lokha nawungenza isithembiso sepilo ehle, kungaba sekudleni, itjhejo olinikelwako nofana okuthileko, wenza ngcono. 26 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

Imiphumela Imiphumela ngelinye lamagama asetjenziswa khulu eenhlokweni ezikulu ukubonisa ipumelelo. Igameli linamandla khulu ngombana kusithembiso esisiza ukwenza kuhle nakuthengwa umkhiqizo. ‘Lokhu nakufumana imiphumela, kufanele kube ngefaneleko’. Wena Igama elithi, ‘Wena’ ligama elinamandla khulu ekukhangiseni begodu lisetjenziswa ngesizathu – linqopha wena/ kuwe poro. ‘Asikhulume ngawe’. Umumuntu okarisako begodu uzibona umumuntu okarisako. Asikhulume iqiniso lokha nasikhuluma ngawe, ulalele na. Nange ungeza isithembiso sokwenza abantu banjinge, kutjho khona bonyana uyakarisa. Nange ngingakuthembisa bonyana ngizokwenza Wena unjinge, yindaba ehlukileko leyo. Igama elithi, ‘Wena’ ligama ekufuze lisetjenziswe lokha nawukhuluma nabathengi bakho. Ibubulo/ Ihlangano Umkhiqizo, umsebenzi owenziwako nofana umbono uhlanganiswa nenye into esele ithandwa babantu nofana ikhanukwa bamukelilwazi abanqotjhweko, Isib, (Ibubulo lwakwa-Coke, lakwa-Nike, njll.) Isiqinisekiso/ubufakazi Isiqinisekiso/ubufakazi Isiqinisekiso/ubufakazi Kusetjenziswa Kusetjenziswa abosaziwako abafana nabalingisi abosaziwako abafana nabalingisi nabadlali bebholo ukukhangisa nabadlali bebholoumkhiqizo othileko. ukukhangisa umkhiqizo Kusetjenziswa Isib. Abosaziwako abosaziwako abanombala omuhleabafana nabalingisi baqinisekisa othileko. Isib. Abosaziwako abanombala omuhle nabadlali iintjhatjhimafutha bebholo zokwezela ukukhangisa ubuso umkhiqizo ezinjenge-Revitalif, baqinisekisa iintjhatjhimafutha zokwezela ubuso Ponds,othileko. Garnier,ezinjenge-Revitalif, njll. Isib. Abosaziwako abanombala Ponds, omuhle Garnier, njll. baqinisekisa iintjhatjhimafutha zokwezela ubuso ezinjenge-Revitalif, Ponds, Garnier, njll. (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Ukwenza njengabanye (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Ukwenza njengabanye (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Ukulinga ukwenza abathengi bakholwe bonyana into ethileko yihle ngombana ‘woke umuntu’ Ukwenza njengabanye uyayithenga (ukwenza njengabanye) ngokwenza bonyana kube netjisakalo yokuba lilunga Ukulinga ukwenza abathengi bakholwe bonyana into ethileko yihle ngombana ‘woke umuntu’ uyayithenga (ukwenza lesiqhemangokwenza njengabanye) nofana ukwenza babe bonyana netjisakalo kube yokuzibandakanya. netjisakalo yokuba lilunga Ukulinga ukwenza abathengi Ukusebenzisa bakholwe umuntu bonyana onelemukointo ethileko yihlesiqhema ngombananofana ukwenza ‘woke babe umuntu’ netjisakalo yokuzibandakanya. uyayithenga (ukwenza njengabanye) ngokwenza bonyana kube netjisakalo yokuba lilunga lerhubhululo lesiqhema nofana ukwenza babe netjisakalo yokuzibandakanya. Ukusebenzisa umuntu onelemuko lerhubhululo Ukusebenzisa Lokhu kutjho umuntu ukusebenzisa umuntu onelemuko onelemuko lerhubhululo lerhubhululo elithileko Lokhu kutjho ukusebenzisa umuntu onelemuko (umuntu ngamunye, isiqhema, lerhubhululo elithileko (umuntunanyana kukuphi ngamunye, isiqhema, lapha nanyana Lokhu kungafumaneka kutjho kukuphi laphaukusebenzisa kungafumaneka khonaumuntuilwazi) khona ukunikela onelemuko ilwazi) ukunikela ngesiqinisekiso ngesiqinisekiso lerhubhululo nofana nofana ukuqakatheka elithileko (umuntu ukuqakatheka ngamunye, komkhiqizo, komkhiqizo, umsebenzi umsebenzi nanyana owenzako. owenzako. isiqhema, kukuphi lapha Udorhodera ukhuthaza ukusetjenziswa kungafumaneka khona komkhiqizo othileko Udorhodera ukhuthaza ukusetjenziswa ilwazi) wesitlhubha komkhiqizo ukunikela mazinyo nofana othilekongesiqinisekiso wesitlhubha mazinyo ukuhlafunya nofanaukuhlafunya nofana itjhingamu. ukuqakatheka i-Sensodyne, ikhethwe komkhiqizo, itjhingamu. umsebenzi i-Sensodyne, ikhethwe ngudorhodera owenzako. ngudorhodera wamazinyo. (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Udorhodera wamazinyo. ukhuthaza Ukuthinta imizwaukusetjenziswa komkhiqizo othileko wesitlhubha mazinyo nofana ukuhlafunya itjhingamu. i-Sensodyne, ikhethwe (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Sebenzisa ngudorhodera iinthombe nofana ilimi elithinta imizwa. Abamukelilwazi wamazinyo. bakhonjiswa iinthombe (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) zeenhlekelele Ukuthinta imizwa ezibangwa yimvelo bebabawiwa bona basize labo abathintekileko. Ukuthinta imizwa Ukuthinta nokuziphatha Sebenzisa iinthombe Ukuvezanofana ilimi nofana umtloli elithinta isikhulumi imizwa. Abamukelilwazi njengomuntu bakhonjiswa iinthombe onepatho ehle, zeenhlekelele onesimilo ezibangwa esihle nofisa yimveloSebenzisa bebabawiwa iinthombe bona basizenofana labo ilimi elithinta abathintekileko. imizwa. Abamukelilwazi bakhonjiswa iinthombe ukwenza izinto ezihle. Ungikhethani wezepolotiki uthi akavumi ukudosisana unyula bonyana zeenhlekelele Ukuthinta ezibangwa yimvelo bebabawiwa bona basize labo abathintekileko. nokuziphatha kukhulunyisanwe. Ukuthinta nokuziphatha Ukuveza umtloli nofana isikhulumi Ukuthinta umkhumbulo njengomuntu ngendlelaonepatho ocabangaehle, onesimilo esihle nofisa ukwenza izinto ezihle. ngayo Ungikhethani Ukuvezawezepolotiki umtloli uthi akavumi nofana ukudosisana isikhulumi unyula bonyana njengomuntu kukhulunyisanwe. onepatho ehle, onesimilo esihle nofisa ukwenza izinto ezihle. Ungikhethani wezepolotiki uthi akavumi ukudosisana Ukunikela ngekulumo ephikisanako ukusekela umbonwakho unyula ngokusebenzisa bonyana amaphuzu, iinomboro kukhulunyisanwe. nofana iimbalobalo. Amaphuzu anikelweko asekela itlhogeko yokwehlisa iingozi ezimbi endleleni. Isib. Ibelo liyabulala! Ukuthinta umkhumbulo ngendlela ocabanga ngayo Ukunikela ngekulumo ephikisanako ukusekela umbonwakho ngokusebenzisa amaphuzu, iinomboro nofana iimbalobalo. Amaphuzu anikelweko asekela itlhogeko yokwehlisa iingozi 37 ezimbi endleleni. Isib. Ibelo liyabulala! SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 27

Ukuthinta umkhumbulo ngendlela ocabanga ngayo Ukunikela ngekulumo ephikisanako ukusekela umbonwakho ngokusebenzisa amaphuzu, iinomboro nofana iimbalobalo. Amaphuzu anikelweko asekela itlhogeko yokwehlisa iingozi ezimbi endleleni. Isib. Ibelo liyabulala! Amatshwayo Amatshwayo magama nofana ziinthombe ezisikhumbuzo esikhulu, kanengi emuntwini onokuthinteka okukhulu kwemmoyeni, kufana nekhaya, emndenini, enarheni, esondweni, ngokobulili nendlela yokuphila. Abakhohlisi basebenzisa amandla nokugandelela ngokusebenzisa amatshwayo ukwenza umbonwabo uzwakale kuhle. Ukudosa umuntu/ abathengi Kusetjenziswa abantu abahle bengubo ukuthengisa umkhiqizo othileko. Isib. Umuntu omuhle wengubo usetjenziselwa ukwazisa abantu ngomkhiqizo we- Gucci okusinukisi kamnandi. (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Umuntu okuzikhukhumezako Uthanda ipilo emnandi, ephezulu nezambatho ezibizako. Isib. Ukudla okumnandi okuginyisa amathe neenselo zakhona, sinakho koke okutlhogako ukwenza ilanga leenthandaneli libe lilanga elihle khulu. Mnikele isipho esizokuthabisa ihliziywakhe. Khetha erhelweni elikhethekileko esinalo. Isiga sokuthenga umuntu bona enze okuthileko Iqhingeli lilinga ukudosa abantu bona bathenge umkhiqizo ngokubathembisa okuthileko nange bangathenga, njengesaphulelo, ukubuyiselwa ingcenye yemali oyibhadeleko, ukunikelwa ikhuphoni yokuthenga okuthileko nofana isipho sasimahla. Iintengo ezehlisweko, izipho ezinikelwako, amaphaliswano ahlukahlukeneko ngezinye zeendlela ezisetjenziselwa ukudosa abantu bona bathenge umkhiqizo othileko. Isibonelo, ‘Tjheja isitlankana othenge ngaso uzokubona izipho esinazo ngesitolo. Amavowutjha azii-1000 000 angathunjwa. ‘Khangezile, isitolo sakwa-Edgars sikufisela ilanga elihle lamabeletho. Ukugidinga nawe ilangeli, sikunikela amaphesende ali-10 eziintweni ozozithenga namhlanjesi. Ukuthatha ihlangothi Ukuthatha ihlangothi ekwethuleni umbono kungaba nomthelela wokobana abafundako bethulelwe ihlangothi elilodwa kwaphela. Isibonelo, ‘Angeze kwahlwengeka kungakasetjenziswa umkhiqizo we-Harpic. Isitjengiso esibhamba Sithi into ibhamba lokha nayibonakala ngamehlo, yavezwa tjhatjhalazi nangokunqophileko. Isibonelo, ezinye iinkhangiso zibeka inani lomkhiqizo, iinthako eziqakathekileko ezenze umkhiqizo lowo, indawo lapho wenziwe khona nofana inani lezinto elenze umkhiqizo lowo – lezi kuziintjengiso ezibhamba. Kunjengezinto ezithileko, iinlinganiso eziziinthembiso zekhwalithi, umthelela nofana ukuthembeka njengokuthi, ‘Uzakubona umphumela ngemva kwamalanga amahlanu kwaphela!’ (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) 28 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

Ukufakelwa ivalo Lokhu kuphambene neqhinga elimadanisako. Isebenzisa into engathandwako nofana esatjwa bamukelilwazi abanqotjhweko. Abosopolotiki neenqhema zabasekeli babasela ivalo lethu ukuvowudelwa nofana ukuthola isekelo ngokusebenzisa ukubhalelwa kwabo ukwenza okuthileko, iintengo eziphezulu zomthelo nokuvukela umbuso hlangana nokhunye okunengi. ‘Imikhiqizwethu, ihluke khulu kuneminye, iqinisekisiwe bonyana iphephile, njeke ingasetjenziswa nabentwana. Azikho iinthuthumbisi namatshwayo wokungatjha awekho.’ Amahlaya Iinkhangiso ezinengi zisebenzisa amahlaya, kufaka hlangana idlalo-magama ngombana ayasidosa begodu ayindlela enamandla yokwenzisa umuntu okuthileko. Tjheja isikhangisi esibonakala lapha lesi. (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Umfutho/amandla Ilimi labakhangisi ligcwele ngamagama akhulisako nofana akha isithombe sobukhulu bento okufaka hlangana amagama atjengisa ikhwalithi yento ekhangiswako, isib. yihle kwamambala, ikoloyi ye-X3 igijima komhlolo, iintengo zakwaShoprite zinguthatha mi! Ukumadanisa kufaka hlangana amagama athi; kunengi tle, kungcono kuna..., yenziwe ngcono, iphephile ngombana ifakwe isilinganiso samafutha amancani, irhwala (nakunento erarako, ebabazekako nofana into le ayiluphali, ihlala iyihle unomphela) ukuthuwelelisa nokhunye okunengi okungasetjenziselwa ukuthengisa umkhiqizo othileko. Abantu abajayelekileko Iqhingeli liyasebenza ngombana singakholwa ngcono umuntu ojayelekileko kunomuntu ofundileko nofana umuntu odumileko obhadelwa imali enengi. Esikhathini esinengi lisetjenziselwa ukuthengisa imikhiqizo esetjenziswa ngamalanga njengesibha sokuhlanza izambatho ngombana sizibona siwusebenzisa umkhiqizo lo. Kanengi kusetjenziswa abantu abajayelekileko ukukhangisa. Isib. Umvumi weengoma zekolo uDorhodera Rebeca Malope kuvamise ukobana akhangise isibha sokuhlanza se-Ariel. Izinto ezifuthumeleko nezithambileko Iqhingeli lisebenzisa iinthombe ezithinta imizwa (khulukhulu iinthombe zemindeni, zabentwana neenlwana) ukuvusa imizwa yokuthokoza, ukwaneliseka nekareko. Lingafaka hlangana ukusetjenziswa kombhino nofana umvumo omnandi, amezwi amnandi namagama athinta imizwa. Ikulumo emamala Ikulumo emamala idlula ukuthuwelelisa nofana irhwala; kukukhuluma amala alihlaza tlabha ngokuzithemba nokwenza bona abantu bakukholwe. Ukulimuka ‘amala amakhulu la’ kufuna ukucabanga okudlula okujayelekileko nokubuza imibuzo engabuzwa nanyana bunjani. (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 29

Ukutjhotjhozela Kesinye isikhathi abantu abasebenzisa amaqhinga wokwenzisa nofana wokudosa bangaphumelela ngokubonakala banzinzile, banesibindi, banamandla begodu bazithemba. Esikhathini esinengi abantu balandela abarholi abatjhotjhozelako nalokha sele bangasavumelani nobujamo babo ezintweni ezibathintako. Ukutshima Ukutshima kuyasebenza. Lokhu kukutjho nanyana ukutlola usebenzise ikulumo ephambene nalokho umuntu akutjhoko. Isib. ‘Wembthe irogo elidabukileko kodwana uyazazi izinto ezihle.’ (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) Amagama amahle asetjenziswako Lokhu kusetjenziswa kwamagama atjengisa amandla wokuthileko njengetjhuguluko. Isib. Ilungelo, ikululeko, ukuthanda nokuba netjisakalo ngenarha yekhenu, ukuba ngumma nofana ubaba, isayensi, zamaphilo, ubuhle, ithando,njll Ukuthiya umuntu ibizo Isigesi simadanisa umuntu nobumbi nofana umbono nomuntu. Isib. Umuntu okhuluma amala, ukunanya, ukuhleba ngokudluleleko, ukuthula khulu, ukuvilapha, ukutlhorisa, njll. Lokhu kuphambene nokukhuluma amagama anezenzo ezihle.Isib. Usomalakazi, umavilapha, njll. Okutjha Igama elithi okutjha ligama elinamandla nelibonakala eenkhangisini qobe lilanga nakungasi qobe li-iri. Ukukhuthaza okudlulileko Abakhangisi abanengi bavuselela imizwa bebakhuthaze lapha ipilo beyibonakala sele ilula nekhwalithi iyihle khona. Isib. ‘Upheka ngendlela umma ebekapheka ngayo.’ Abosopolotiki bakhuthaza ukubuyisa isithunzi sehlangano ngokusebenzisa indlela yakade yemandulo’ Ubufakazi babososayensi Busetjenziselwa izinto ezitjengisa isayensi (amatjhadi, amagrafu, iimbalobalo, iinjasi ezimbathwa eendaweni zokusebenzela, njll.) ukubonisa bona okuthileko kuliqiniso. Iinsombululo ezilula (ukurarulula imiraro) Abantu abenzisa abanye izinto ezithileko banikela iinsombululo emirarweni esinayo, isib. Iintengo eziphasi zomthelo, umthetho omutjha, ikambiso kaRhulumende etja/ethuthukisweko, njll. Abosopolotiki batjho itjhuguluko emthethweni munye ukurarulula imiraro emikhulu yezokuhlalisana kwabantu. Abakhangisi baphakamisa bona isiqedaphunga, ikoloyi, isitjhatjhi-buso sizokwenza bona uqaleke umutjha, umuhle, wazeka begodu uphumelele. 30 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

IMISEBENZI YOKUZIHLOLA UMSEBENZI WOKU-1 UKUFUNDA NOKUBUKELA Funda itheksthi engenzasi bese ulemuka amaqhinga anelimi elidosako elisetjenzisiweko. Hlathulula imiphumela elethwa maqhinga welimi kubamukelilwazi abanqotjhweko. I-Herbex imutjhoga ohlasela amafutha kiwo woke umuntu USoJabulani othethe uNaKabini ukhambe naye esitolo esithengisa izambatho zabomma. Nabafikako bafumana kunezambatho zabantu abanomzimba omatsikana nabanamadini afana newakanondovu kwaphela. Lokho kwamphatha kumbi uSoJabulani nakabona isithandwa sakhe singatholi izembatho esizifunako. Bathe basahlezi phasi babonakala bona bayazindla ngomkhumbulo. Kwavela umntazanyana owabe aphethe incwajana etjengisa bona umuntu angawehlisa bunjani umzimba omkhulu. Umntazana lo uragele phambili waveza neendlela zokuzibandula ezingasetjenziswa ukusiza ukwehlisa umzimba. Ngencwajanenakhe begade kukhangiswe iindlela zokusebenzisa umtjhoga we-Herbex nezingasiza umuntu ukwehlisa umzimba. Okwabathabisa khulu kukuzwa kuthiwa uNaKabini angakghona ukusebenzisa umtjhoga lo bekehle ngemva kweveke eyodwa kwaphela. Bawuthenga bagijima ngombana eemvekeni ezintathu ezizako bafanele bayokufaka idzilamnwana yokugidinga iminyaka elitjhumi batjhadile. Nangambala bawuthenga umtjhoga we-Herbex lo wawusebenzisa bekwaphela inyanga tomu kodwana do ukwehla komzimba. Bakhuza bababaza bona abakhiqizi bomkhangiso womtjhoga we-Herbex bangakhuluma amanga kangaka ikhibe bayazi bona awenzi lokhu ebathi uyakwenza. Abakhiqizi bomtjhoga we-Herbex banqophe ukuveza bona nawudla kancani, uzilolonga bewusebenzisa umtjhoga lo umzimbakho ungehla kancani kancani uze ube muhle. • Tlola amagama adosako nangakwenza uthenge umkhiqizo okhulunyiswa etheksthini engehla le? • Tlola iimbonelo ezikhombisa bonyana amaqhinga adosako ekholomini engenzasi asetjenzisiwe etheksthini engehla. Iqhinga elidosako Isibonelo legama/isingamutjho Tlola isitatimende esingasiliqiniso esivezwe etheksthini engehla le Tlola amagama adose uNaKabini bona athenge i-Herbex Tlola amagama akhombisa ikareko ngomkhiqizo we-Herbex Isithembiso sokusombulula imiraro Tlola amagama atjengisa ukuba namandla kwelimi UMSEBENZI 4 ISIKHANGISO Ucabanga bonyana abatlami besikhangiswesi bawasebenzisile na amaqhinga wokukhangisa? Cocisana nomnganakho benitlole amaqhinga lawo abe MANE. YONDLA INDENAKHO NGOKUDLA OKUMNANDI KWEKUSENI!! ZIFUMANELE IBHEGA USUTHE NTI ILANGA LOKE!! PHAKATHI IFAKWE I-LETTUCE, ITAMATI NENYAMA YEKOMO SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 31

UKUDLA OKUTHONTISA AMATHE NOKUTJHELELA KAMNANDI EMPHINJENAKHO. Imibandela: -Uyakhetha bona uyifuna ikhambe nebhlegana lesiselo esimakhaza nofana nama-chips. -Isiphetjhalesi sithoma nge-iri le-7 bekube li-iri le-9 kwaphela. UMSEBENZI 5 UKUTLOLA NOKWETHULA Zakhele isikhangiso sakho uqinisekise bona siba namaqhinga wokukhangisa ukuze sidose abantu/abathengi. 3.6 UKUTHATHA IHLANGOTHI, UKUNGATHANDI ABANTU NEZINTO EZITHILEKO NGAPHANDLE KWEENZATHU NEENKOLELO EZINGANABUFAKAZI OBUCACILEKO NOKUBANDLULULA 3.6.1 Ihlathululo yelimi elitjengisa ubuhlangothi, ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko nokubandlulula. Ilimi elitjengisa ubuhlangothi – Leli lilimi elinomqondo wokobana into ethileko yihle nofana yimbi ukuya ngobujamo bangaleso sikhathi nofana into eyame emibonweni ethileko, irherho lemibono yekolelo ngokuthileko nofana ukuzwisisa komuntu into ethileko. Ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko – Lo mqondo odzimeleleko. Kanengi umqondo lo uthatha ihlangothi kungaba ngomuntu othileko nofana ubutjhaba). Lomqondo ufaka hlangana iinkolelo ezidzimelele emithethweni yakade ngendima ethileko umuntu ekulindeleke bonyana ayidlale, ikolelo ekhulisa ubujamo ngokudluleleko, isithombe nofana iqiniso elihlanakelweko ngomuntu nofana ngesiqhema esithileko – okuqalwa njengokuvamileko okuvumela ukwehluka kwabantu nofana ukwehluka ekuhlaleni okungafaniko. Ukuzindlekela – Lilimi lokungabekezelelani nofana ukwehlulela kwangaphambili manqophana nomuntu, isiqhema, umbono nofana isisusa esinzinze ephosweni ethileko, ukudzimelela kokujayelekileko; umbono owenzweko kanengi ongathandi ihlangothi elithileko, onzinze elwazini elingakapheleli, ukusebenzisa imizwa ngokungacabangi nofana ukuba nomqondo okungasiwo ngento ethileko nonganembi poro. Lokhu kutjho ukuba nomqondo ngomuntu othileko nofana ngento ethileko enganabuqiniso. Ukuzindlekela kungaba ngezinto ezinengi ezahlukeneko, isib. Ikolo, ubuhlanga, ubutjhaba, umbala wesikhumba, ubulili, ilimi, ukukhubazeka, umnyaka, inarha la umuntu avela khona, umlando, isakhamuzi, njll. Ukuzindlekela kungavumelana nofana kuphikisane. 32 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

elithileko, onzinze elwazini elingakapheleli, ukusebenzisa imizwa ngokungacabangi nofana ukuba nomqondo okungasiwo ngento ethileko nonganembi poro. Lokhu kutjho ukuba nomqondo ngomuntu othileko nofana ngento ethileko enganabuqiniso. Ukuzindlekela kungaba ngezinto ezinengi ezahlukeneko, isib. Ikolo, ubuhlanga, ubutjhaba, umbala Ibandlululo – Lilimi lokusebenzisa wesikhumba, amandla ubulili, ilimi, ukutjhugulula ukukhubazeka, izenzo umnyaka, zokuqalela inarha la umuntu abanye phasi. Ukwenza/ avela khona, izinto ezenziwa malunga wesiqhemanjll. umlando, isakhamuzi, esingesinengi Ukuzindlekelangembalo esingaba kungavumelana nofananomthelela kuphikisane.emalungeni wesiqhema esingesincani ngembalo. Kuyindlela engaphathi kuhle abantu abanobulunga esiqhemeni sabo ngokulingana. Ibandlululo – Lilimi lokusebenzisa amandla ukutjhugulula izenzo zokuqalela abanye phasi. okuvela Ipatho yokubandlulula Ukwenza/izinto ezenziwabokuhloya ebulelesini malunga kanengi wesiqhemakuthoma esingesinengi ngembalo ngokuba esingabaokungasiwo nomqondo nomthelela ophikisako ngento emalungeni wesiqhema esingesincani ngembalo. Kuyindlela engaphathi kuhle ethileko nokuzindlekelana. abantu abanobulunga esiqhemeni sabo ngokulingana. Ipatho yokubandlulula okuvela ebulelesini bokuhloya kanengi kuthoma ngokuba nomqondo okungasiwo ophikisako ngento ethileko nokuzindlekelana. 3.6.2 Amatshwayo wokuthatha ihlangothi 1. Ukuthatha ihlangothi kusizombelezile begodu akekho namunye umuntu ongathi yena akhange 44 khekathathe ihlangothi ekulumenakhe. 2. Ukuthatha ihlangothi kanengi kubonakala njengento engasiyihle nekumele igegedwe. Kubuye kube bujamo obungekhe baliswa nanyana bungakanqotjhwa. 3. Ukuthatha ihlangothi ngokwendabuko akusikumbi nofana akusikuhle. 4. When a person is biased they present their view/opinion in a One sided manner so that they can influence the reader/listener by intentionally only presenting one side of the argumentUkuthathihlangoUkUkuthatha ihlangothi kumbono wokobana into ethileko yihle nofana yimbi inomthelela ngendlela esiqalana nayo ngayo. Ukuthatha ihlangothi lihlobo lokubandlulula umuntu nofana into, isib. kuqaliswe eminyakeni; eenkambiswenilawulo zekole- lo; ukuphila nokukhubazeka okuthileko; ubutjhaba nofana ubuzwe; ubulili, ukwehlukana ngobulili, ukutjhada nofana ukungakatjhadi, ukuba lilunga lehlangano ethileko yezepolotiki, njll. 5. Ukuthatha ihlangothi kususelwa: ekwesabeni, ukungazwisisani, ihloyo; ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko nelemuko elimbi: Isibonelo/ubujamo: bo- kuthatha ihlangothi ngokobulili: Woke amadoda abumbeke ngokufana ngokunjalo soke sibumbeke ngokufana. 6. Ezinye iimbonelo zezehlakalo zokuthatha ihlangothi zifaka hlangana: ukukhuluma ihlaya; ukubizana ngamag- ama, ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacile- ko, imitlolo ekhubekisako, ukugegeda nofana ukukhaphela abanye ngaphandle. 7. .Ukuthatha ihlangothi kungabangela ibandlululo nokungalingani. 8. Amagama asetjenzisweko nehlathululwethu yeenthombe begodu neembalobalo kukudepha ngendlela esi- cabanga ngayo nofana ukuthatha ihlangothi – ngendlela esibona ngayo iphasi. 9. Ukuthatha ihlangothi kunomthelela ngendlela esibona ngayo izinto nangendlela esiphatha abanye abantu ngayo, iindawo neendaba ezithileko. Ilwazi lethu, ubulili, umnyaka, isigaba, ikolo, ubugugu koke kunomthelela ekuthatheni kwethu ihlangothi. 10. Abantu abatjhisekako ngephuzu elithileko kanengi baziveza ngokusepepeneneni ngendlela abathatha ihlan- gothi ngayo. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 33

11. Abantu abafuna ukukhuphula umbonwabo bangahlala bangazivezi epepeneneni kodwana basebenzise amag- ama neenthombe. Isib. ‘Isithombe somlweli wekululeko nofana sevukelambuso’. 3.6.3 Imihlobo ehlukileko yokuthatha ihlangothi kweenrhatjhi Ukuthatha ihlangothi kwabantu abababikiindaba zomphakathi eenrhatjhini ezahlukahlukeneko. Lokhu kwenzeka kizo zoke iindawo. Ngaso soke isikhathi kuqakathekile bona kumadaniswe imithombo yelwazi, ngokwenza njalo kuzoku- funyanwa bona lapho kufika khona umlayezo weenrhatjhezi awufiki ngeendlela ezifanako. Ukuthatha ihlangothi kwaba- bikiindaba kungaba nomthelela ekukhetheni izehlakalo ekumele kubikwe ngazo. Akhe siqale imihlobo elandelako yokuthatha ihlangothi kwabantu ababika iindaba. (a) Ukuthatha ihlangothi ngokukhetha nangokweqa Lokhu kutjho bonyana ngiziphi iindaba, izehlakalo nanyana ubunjalo bokubonakala kwezinto nesikhala esikizo ekumele zifakwe nofana zikhutjhwe. Ukukhetha lokhu kutjhotjhozelwa yikolelo yalabo ebaphetheko kwezokurhatjha iindaba. Umbikiindaba angalisa ihlangothi elilodwa le-athikili nofana lelungelunge lama-athikili ngemva kwesikhathi eside, ngak- ho-ke ukuthatha ihlangothi ngokweqa kungenzeka ngitjho nangaphakathi kweendaba nanyana ngemva kwesikhathi es- ide kanti eminye imirhatjho ibika ihlangothi elithileko lesehlakalo kodwana nekungasilo iqiniso. Iinrhatjhi zibika okufaka hlangana okuqakathekileko nokunganamthelela walokho okubikwa ngakho. Kezinye nezinye iindaba ezikhethwako, kunezinye ezitjhiywa ngaphandle. • Ingabe iindaba lezi ezibukelwako zikhombisa amahlangothi woke wendaba leyo ebikwako epilweni yamam- bala? • Ngimiphi imikghwa enayo efanako? (Isib. ingabe abanengi banenturhu? Abosaziwako boke banjingile?) • Ingabe eminye imithombo yeendaba ifaka ezinye iindaba bese yeqisela amehlo ezinye? (b) Ukuthatha ihlangothi ngokukhetha iindaba Ukuveza iphetheni ethileko yeendaba ezikhambelana ne-ajenda yesiqhema esithileko bese weqisela amehlo iindaba eziphikisana nombono othileko. (c) Ukuthatha ihlangothi ngokulebula Indlela umuntu ngamunye, nanyana ihlangano ekhethwe bona yenze umsebenzi othileko bese kusetjenziswa amalebuli ukuhlathulula. Ukuthatha ihlangothi kuvela ngeendlela ezimbili. • Kokuthoma kwenzeka ngokubeka amalebula amakhulu eenqhemeni ezithileko bese ulisa ezinye iinqhema zinganawo amalebula nofana zibe namalebula angabonakali kuhle. • Umhlobo wesibili wokuthatha ihlangothi ngokulebula okwenzeka lokha umbikiindaba nakabhalelwa ukuk- hombisa nofana ukuhlathulula umuntu nofana isiqhema ngamalebula aliqiniso, njengokuthi, ‘usolwazi’ nof- ana ‘isiqhema esizijameleko sabathengi’. Ngokwenza njalo, umbikiindaba lo unikela igunya namandla emi- thonjeni ethileko enganawo amandla lawo. (d) Ukuthatha ihlangothi ngokuhlanakela Ukuthatha ihlangothi ngokuhlanakela kwenzeka lokha nangabe indaba inehlathululo eyodwa ngesehlakalo nofana umgomo ngokukhaphela ngaphandle ezinye iinhlathululo; ukuhlanakela kufaka iphimbo lombikiindaba obeka indaba ngehlangothi lakhe ngendaba evumela iphuzu elithileko; ngokwenza indlela omunye umuntu enza ngayo izinto ibonakale ingcono kuneyabanye. 34 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

(e) Ukuthatha ihlangothi ngokugandelela: Ngiziphi iindaba ezibekwe ekhasini elingaphambili ephephandabeni nofana ngiziphi iindaba ezikhulunyiswa emirhatjhweni? Ngiziphi iindaba ezifumana iinhloko ezikulu nofana ezifumana isikhathi eside kumabonakude nemirhatjhweni? Tjheja bona ukubekwa kweenhloko zeendaba kunamthelela muphi ekucabangeni kwabantu. (f) Ukuthatha ihlangothi ngokubuyelela: Ukubuyelelwa kwesehlakalo nanyana umqondo othileko kungenza abantu bonyana bakholelwe bona lokho okutjhiwoko kuliqiniso elirhatjhekileko nokobana lingcono khulu kunalokho ekungikho. (g) Ukuthatha ihlangothi esihlokweni esikhulu sephephandaba Ezinye zeenhloko zingakukhohlisa ngombana umnqophazo kudosa ikareko labantu. Abantu abanengi bafunda iinhloko ezikulu kwaphela, ezingaveza isithombe ekungasiso sendaba nofana sithathe isehlakalo esithileko sisenze sibe sikhulu ngokudluleleko. Isibonelo sesihloko esikhulu: ‘Ungafunda njani ngamagadango abulula asithandathu’. : ‘Iindlela ezilitjhumi zokwehlisa umkhaba.’ (h) Ukuthatha ihlangothi ngokuya ngeembalobalo nokubala isiqubuthu sabantu Ukusetjenziswa kweembalobalo ezingakapheleli nezingakanqophi nofana ezisetjenziswa ngokukhetha kubanga ukuthatha ihlangothi. Iimbalobalo kufuze zihlathululwe; kanengi zisetjenziselwa ukwakha isithombe esingekho. Qala iin- tatimende ezilandelako bese uyaveza bonyana ngisiphi isibalobalo ongasisebenzisa ukwehlula umuntu othileko ngeku- lumo bonyana isigwebo sentambo kumbono omuhle na? Isibonelo: Pheze abantu abamaphesende ama-30% abahlolweko basekela isigwebo sentambo. Abangaphezu kwamaphesende ama-70% abahlolweko abasisekeli isigwebo sentambo. 3.6.4 Ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko. (Stereotyping) Ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko kulokha nawuhlulela isiqhema sabantu esithileko esihlukeneko ngalokho okutjhoko manqophana nombonwakho nofana imibono yabanye. Qala iimbonelo ezilandelako: SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 35

Imihlobo ehlukeneko yokungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganab- ufakazi obucacileko. (a) Ikolelo ethileko ngokobulili. Ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko akukaqa- liswa ebutjhabeni nokobana umuntu ubuya kiyiphi indawo kwaphela, nanyana kunjalo khona kubonakala kukhona ebantwini. Isib, lokha nawuthi abobaba bacabanga ngcono kunabomma, unomqondo okungasiwo ngento ethileko ngabantu ababomma nababobaba. Kufana nalokha nawuthi boke abomma abakwazi ukutjhayela ngokutjho njalo unomqondo wokungathandi into ethileko ngabomma. Iimbonelo ezinye ngekolelo yobulili 1. Kunombono othi amadoda anamandla wokwenza yoke imisebenzi. 2. Kunombono wokobana amadoda amgogodlha wemizi. 3. Kunombono wokobana abomma abakahlakaniphi njengabobaba. 4. Kunombono wokobana abomma abatjhayeli kuhle njengabobaba. (b) Ikolelo ethileko ngeenqhema zabantu nanyana umuntu ngamunye 1. Abentazana batjheje khulu ukuqaleka ngokomzimba. 2. Boke abantu abaneenhluthu ezimhlophe bazokunjinga. 3. Boke ababulungiincwadi babantu bengubo esele bakhulile bafaka amarhalasi wamehlo. 4. Boke abosopolotiki bebabizwa ngamavukelambuso. 5. Boke abentwana abakuthandi ukudla okunepilo. 6. Boke abosopolotiki abathembeki. 7. Boke abatjhayeli bamateksi batjhayela kumbi. (c) Ikolelo ngokuqaleka ngokomzimba 1. Kunombono wokobana abantu abanemizimba emikhulu abazithandi begodu bayavilapha. 2. Kunombono wokobana umuntu onganamzimba kumele adle khulu ukuze athele umzimba. 36 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

(d) Ikolelo yamasiko neenarha zoke 1. Kunombono wokobana abomma abakhulumi iindaba zamalobolo nabemzini. 2. Kunombono othi woke amaNdiya anamarhwebo. 3. Kunombono othi abomma bamaVenda bayahlonipha. UMSEBENZI 6 1. Tjela abafundi bona bahlathulule ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkole- lo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko bese batlola okufanako okungasetjenziswa ukuhlathulula abantu abatjha/ nabadala njengabo, isibonelo. Cheeseboy, Ben 10, coconut. Beka irhelo lelo ebhodini bese ubiza abafundi bona bazolihlalisa kuhle ngeenqhema ezi-3: ezitjengisa ukulunga, ukuba phakathi naphakathi, nanyana ukule- bula okungakalungi. 2. Cocisanani eenqhemeni zenu: a. Khuyini enikutjhejako ngalamalebuli la? b. Asetjenziswa ebujameni obunjani amalebuli la? c. Anamuphi umthelela amalebula la ebafundini? d. Kubayini bawathanda nanyana bangawathandi amalebuli la? UMSEBENZI 7 Kunamagama amanengi ngesiNgisi/isiZulu/Xitsonga asetjenziswa kwaphela lokha nakukhulunywa ngabomma, aboba- ba nofana abentwana. Lokhu kungaba nomthelela ngendlela esicabanga ngayo ngabanye abantu. Isibonelo, ‘ukuhleba’ kumadaniswa khulu nabomma kanti abobaba nabo bayahleba’. Unganikela abafundi amagama bese ubabawa bonyana bawabeke ngeenqhema zawo bebacocisane ngawo bonyana kubayini bawabeke ngeenqhe- mezo. Isibonelo, Abalinge ukubeka amagama alandelako ngeenqhema eziphathelene nabobaba neziphathelene nabomma ngalindlela: Bahle, baqinile, bathembekile, benza izinto eziphuma endleleni, bakhulile ngokomkhumbulo, bayahleba, abanamandla, batjheja isikhumba sabo, bathanda ibholo erarhwako, bathanda iinkoloyi, banetjisakalo, njll. ABOMMA ABOBABA Ukuthuselwa ngekolelo ethileko Ukuthuselwa ngekolelo ethileko Ukuhlela izinto ngokulamana kwazo, cocisanani bona igama likutjhugulula bunjani elikutjhoko ngokubuza imibuzo elan- Ukuhlela izinto ngokulamana kwazo, cocisanani bona igama likutjhugulula bunjani delako: elikutjhoko ngokubuza imibuzo elandelako: (Isiyeleliso esiya kutitjhere: Tjheja, abafundi bangaveza iimphawulo ezihle nanyana ezimbi, SECOND ngokungathandi CHANCE MATRICabantu nezinto ezithileko SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ISINDEBELE 37 ezinganabufakazi obucacileko.

(Isiyeleliso esiya kutitjhere: Tjheja, abafundi bangaveza iimphawulo ezihle nanyana ezimbi, ngokungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko. 1. Ucabanga bona ikolelo etlolwe bafundi esithombeni esingehla ikuphatha njani? 2. Khuyini okutjhejileko ngokungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinga- nabufakazi obucacileko ezivezwe esithombeni esingehla? 3. Ingabe kukuphi lapha wakhe wezwa nofana wabona kuvezwe izinto namkha ubujamo obutjengisa ukun- gathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko? Ing- abe kusehlelweni lakamabonakude, emidlalweni yefilimu, kibomagazini, eencwadini? 4. Ucabangani ngokuba nomqondo okungasiwo ngento ethileko nokobana ungenza bunjani bona omunye angenzi ngendlela engakafaneli komunye umuntu. 5. Ngikuphi okucabangako okungenziwa ngomunye umuntu komunye nokuveza ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko? Okhunye ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko abafundi abangacabanga ukukuveza: • Abomma bapheka ngcono kunabobaba. • Abentazana abakghoni ukudlala ibholo erarhwako njengabesana. UMSEBENZI 8 Ngelwazi lakho tlola indaba eveza ukuthatha ihlangothi nofana ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko. (Sebenzisa isakhiwo se-eseyi) 1. Yabelana ngelwazi lalokha nabe ungungazimbi wepatho ethatha ihlangothi nofana lapho wabona khona kuthathwa ihlangothi/ kuvezwa ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko 2. Cabanga ngobujamo lapho omunye akuhlulela khona ngokuthatha ihlangothi ngawe nofana enze ngendlela engakalungi kuwe ngehlangothini lomnyaka, ibala lesikhumba, izambatho ozimbetheko, ubulili, indlela okhu- luma ngayo, ngalapha uhlala khona, ngomndenakho nezinye zeenzathu. 3. Tjheja imibuzo elandelako ngaphambi kobana uthome ukutlola: o Wazi njani bonyana uhlulelwa ngendlela engakalungi? o Khuyini ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko begodu kubaphatha njani abantu epilweni? o Ngimaphi amagama nofana izenzo ebeziqaliswe kuwe ngebanga lokucabangela nanyana ukungath- andi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko? o Kubayini ucabange bonyana iimphakamiswezo zenziwa zaqaliswa ngakuwe? o Ingabe ilemuko elifana naleli lakwenza bona uzizwe njani? o Ucabanga bonyana bekufanele uphathwe njani ebujameni owabenzako obabonakala buneenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko lobo? o Khuyini ukuba nomqondo okungasiwo ngeenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko begodu kuwathinta njani amaphilo wabanye abantu? o Ungacabanga isehlakalo somlando esaba nomthelela ekubeni nokungathandi abantu nezinto ezithile- ko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko nokuthatha ihlangothi? o Abantu bafunda njani ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ez- inganabufakazi obucacileko? Bangafundiswa bunjani ukukususa lokhu emikhumbulwenabo? o Iinrhatjhi ezifana namaphephandaba, umabonakude, amafilimu zingasiza bunjani ukuphungula ukun- gathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko. 38 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

o Ucabanga bonyana ezinye iinqhema ziba nemiqondo ekungasiyo ngento ethileko ukudlula ezinye? Nangabe kunjalo, kungebanga lani? o Ucabanga bonyana umuntu ngamunye angasiza bunjani ukwehlisa izinga lokuthatha ihlangothi nokun- gathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacile- ko? o Hlathulula bona ukuthatha ihlangothi nokungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenza- thu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko kusetjenziswa njani emakhathunini, eenthombeni neli- mini elisetjenziswa ziinrhatjhi. (Hlathulula okungaba ngunobangela omkhulu wokusebenzisa ilimeli nemiphumela yakhona). 3.6.5 UKUZINDLEKELA (PREJUDICE) Ukuzindlekela kungabekezeli nanyana ukwehlulela kwangaphambili okwenziwa emuntwini ngamunye. Ilimi lokuzindlekela (prejudice) • Ilimi lokuzindlekela lingahlukaniswa ngokombala, isib. umbala omhlophe ucwengekile kanti umbala onzima wona unobusathana. • Libuye liveze ubufakazi obulinga ukuqinisekisa bona akukho ukwehlulelwa okwenziwa emuntwini ngamunye. Isibonelo: Angisuye umbandlululi ngokobutjhaba. • Libuya liqalekise njengokukhuluma kumbi ngesinye isiqhema ukuze uthole ukuthembeka, Isibonelo: Boke abantu be-Amerika bamavila. • Lisebenzisa amahlaya njengokukhulisa ubujamo ngendlela yokuhlekisa. • Liveza amahlaya wobuzwe njengalokha abantu benarha ethileko nababancani khulu ngembalo bese kuhle- kiswe ngabo. • Ilimi lokuzindlekela libuye lihlathulule/litlhadlhule ngokusebenzisa amagama adosela umuntu phasi, isib. UMandla omumbi Amazinga wokukhombisa ukuzindlekela (prejudice) • Ukusebenzisa amagama amambi – njengokukhuluma kumbi, ukuhlambalaza, ukwenza amahlaya ngamakha- thuni ukuba nomqondo okungasiwo ngelimi, njll. Lokhu kungenziwa ngomlomo nofana ngezitho zomzimba. • Ungasebenzisa ukugegeda – ukuzindlekela kunamandla khulu ekwenzeni bonyana umuntu agegede amalunga wesiqhema angasithandiko. • Ukusebenzisa ibandlululo – kukwenza uthathe iinqunto ezihlukileko ezingaba nomthelela emalungeni we- siqhema esithileko. • Kungaveza ukusahlelwa – lokha izinga lemizwa liphakama nanyana liba namandla lingeza izenzo zokulwa. • Ilimi lokuzindlekela lingenza izinga lokulwa liphele unomphela. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 39

3.6.6 IBANDLULULO • Ibandlululo yindlela yokuveza ukuzindlekela. • Ukungalingani ngokufuna okuthileko nofana ukwaba iinsetjenziswa ngobujamo besiqhema. • Ukubandlulula kungaba ngekwangabomu nofana okungasingabomu. • Abafundi bangabandlulula ngokuya ngeenqhenyana ezithileko. Iimbonelo zebandlululo 1. Ukukhandela abanye abantu ukwenza umsebenzi/ukukhupha abantu ababuya eendaweni ezibomakhelana emise- benzini/ukuvimbela amathuba wokufunda nokuzithabisa ngonobangela wobutjhaba, wobulili, ikolo nomnyaka. 2. Ukukghaphela ngaphandle abanye abantu. 3. Ukuvimbela ukufunda nofana amathuba wezobukghwari. Ibandlululo ngokobutjhaba njengesibonelo sokubandlulula • Ibandlululo ngokobutjhaba kulokha omunye umuntu acabanga bonyana ukuhluka ngokombala wesikhumba neenkolelo kwenza abanye abantu bazizwe bangcono kunabanye. 40 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

• Ibandlululo ngokobuhlanga akusiyo into yabantu abanzima nofana abamhlophe. Abantu abanengi bakheth- wa ngendlela abangayo, ngokukhuluma ilimi elingafaniko nelabanye nofana baneenkolelo ezihlukileko. • Ibandlululo ngokobuhlanga kukhetha abantu abavela kezinye iinarha, isib. Ukuhloyana ngokobutjhaba nokusetjenziswa kwamagama abandlululako. Ukucocisana 1. Uzizwa bunjani lokha nawubandlululwako? (Isib. uzizwa wehliswe isithunzi, uzwiswe ubuhlungu, uphoqiwe, uhlan- jalaziwe, uneenhloni, ukwatile). 2. Uzizwa njani lokha nakunguwe obandlululako? (Isib. Uzizwa unamandla). 3. Kungebanga lani abantu bafuna ukuzizwa banamandla ukudlula abanye esiqhemeni? (Isib. abakghoni ukulawula amaphilwabo ngokwaneleko; umuntu othileko mhlamunye ubaphatha ngendlela ebandlululako). UMSEBENZI 9: UKUFUNDA NOKUBUKELA • Lemuka ukuthatha ihlangothi, ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko, ukubandlulula ngokobutjhaba nokuzindlekela etheksthini nofana kumagazini nemahlelweni wakamabonakude (Qala imihlobo ehlukeneko yeenrhatjhi ezithatha ihlangothi nokungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko). • Etheksthini oyikhethileko ucabanga bona kungebangalani umtloli asebenzise ilimi elithatha ihlangothi? • Ingabe ilimeli ulisebenzise njengeqhinga lokwenzisa abantu na? UMSEBENZI 10 Funda i-athikili kamagazini engenzasi bese uphendula imibuzo elandelako: Ukudla okuphekwe nguSiba kuginyisa amathe, ungadima nesingaboniko! (Sithethwe ku:www.google images.com) SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 41

USibahle Mtongana Ebizelweni lakhe lokupheka USiba nakaphekako uvanga indlela yakade owaziwa ngelakaSiba wakhuthazwa kulokha yokupheka nendlela yanje, ngikho okwenza Mtongana wabelethelwa nakakhambela iminyanya ethileko ukudla kwakhe kungafani nokhunye. Uthatha esigoga seMdantsane abona abantu bapheka ukudla imilayelo yokupheka yakade ayihlanganise esiseduze ne-East okunambithekako naye wathatha neyanje. London, eSewula Afrika. isiqunto sokobana ayokufundela Ubelethwa nguNoliza ukupheka. Ukghona ukutjhugulula ukudla okujayelekileko ongutitjhere osele afake iinthako ezingakajayeleki ezisetjenziswa athatha umhlalaphasi USiba wafundela ukupheka ezikweni ziintjhaba ezinye, ngikho sithi ukudla kwakhe noMncedisi Mnwana, eliphakemeko lezefundo iCape kuginyisa amathe ungadima nesingaboniko. obekamphathi webubulo Peninsula University of technology Ukudla kwakhe akuthandako lokha elikhiqiza izinto nekukulapho athola khona iziqu nakaphekela iminyanya ngokwahlukana ezenziwa ngesikhumba zakhe zokupheka emkhakheni kwayo hlangana nokhunye yi-Siba’s Sunday naye osele athethe obizwa nge-Food and Consumer triffle ne-Sticky Chicken Winglet’ umhlalaphasi. USiba Sciences. Iimfundo ezamenzela ungumaswaphela idumo lokobana abe lapha akhona Itlolwe ngu: Bathabile Soko e b a n t w a n e n i namhlanje yi-Food, Food Science abasithandathu. Ube neNutrition. 28 kuMhlolanja 2009 netjhudu lokuthola umendo bewabusiswa Asendaweni yeKapa. ngabentwana ababili. Luke Dale Roberts, one of South Africa’s top chefs, to make lunch with mystery ingredients. Finally, it’s all about guilty pleasures as Siba raises the stakes on naughty with the most incredible Fried Ice Cream.Challenge Siba Siba Mtongana’s set herself three unique challenges. First, turning everyday cheese into simple and dazzling salads: Mozzarella’s starring in an Antipasti Salad platter and Camembert’s center stage in an amazing savory fruit salad. Then, it’s a culinary duel as she challenges Luke Dale Roberts, one of South Africa’s top chefs, to make lunch with mystery ingredients. Finally, it’s all about guilty pleasures as Siba raises the stakes on naughty with the most incredi- ble Fried Ice Cream Challenge Siba Siba Mtongana’s set herself three unique challenges. First, turning everyday cheese into simple and dazzling salads: Mozzarella’s starring in an Antipasti Salad platter and Camembert’s center stage in an amazing savory fruit salad. Then, it’s a culinary duel as she challenges Luke Dale Roberts, one of South Africa’s top chefs, to make lunch with mystery ingredients. Finally, it’s all about guilty pleasures as Siba raises the stakes on naughty with the most incredi- ble Fried Ice Cream Challenge Siba Siba Mtongana’s set herself three unique challenges. First, turning everyday cheese into simple and dazzling salads: Mozzarella’s starring in an Antipasti Salad platter and Camembert’s center stage in an amazing savory fruit salad. Then, it’s a culinary duel as she challenges Luke Dale Roberts, one of South Africa’s top chefs, to make lunch with mystery ingredients. Finally, it’s all about guilty pleasures as Siba raises the stakes on naughty with the most incredi- ble Fried Ice Cream Challenge Siba Siba Mtongana’s set herself three unique challenges. First, turning everyday cheese into simple and dazzling salads: Mozzarella’s starring in an Antipasti Salad platter and Camembert’s center stage in an amazing savory fruit salad. Then, it’s a culinary duel as she challenges Luke Dale Roberts, one of South Africa’s top chefs, to make lunch with mystery ingredients. Finally, it’s all about guilty pleasures as Siba raises the stakes on naughty with the most incredi- ble Fried Ice Cream Challenge Siba Siba Mtongana’s set herself three unique challenges. First, turning everyday cheese into simple and dazzling salads: Mozzarella’s starring in an Antipasti Salad platter and Camembert’s center stage in an amazing savory fruit salad. Then, it’s a culinary duel as she challenges Luke Dale Roberts, one of South Africa’s top chefs, to make lunch with mystery ingredients. Finally, it’s all about guilty pleasures as Siba raises the stakes on naughty with the most incredi- ble Fried Ice Cream 1. Ingabe umtloli we-athikili engehla le uyibeka bunjani imibonwakhe ngomlando kaSiba wokupheka? Sekela ipendulwakho. 42 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

2. Ingabe umlayezo esiwethulelwa mtloli nge-athikili le uveza ihlangothi linye nofana ufaka namanye ama- 1. phuzu ngomlando Ingabe umtloli kaSiba? Sekela we-athikili engehla le uyibeka bunjani imibonwakhe ngomlando ipendulwakho. kaSiba wokupheka? Sekela ipendulwakho. 3. 2. Ingabeengehla Ingabe umtloli we-athikili umlayezo esiwethulelwa le wethula mtloli ngendlela ikulumakhe nge-athikilieveza le uveza ihlangothi woke amahlangothi linye nofana wesa- nofana ufaka namanye amaphuzu ngomlando kaSiba? Sekela ipendulwakho. mele ehlangothini elilodwa? Sekela ipendulwakho. 3. Ingabe umtloli we-athikili engehla le wethula ikulumakhe ngendlela eveza amahlangothi woke nofana wesamele ehlangothini elilodwa? Sekela 4. Nangabe umlayezoipendulwakho. ovezwa yi-athikili engehla le ufaka imibono ehlukileko, ingabe imibono leyo ihleleke bunjani? Hlathulula 4. Nangabe sakho. isiqunto umlayezo ovezwa yi-athikili engehla le ufaka imibono ehlukileko, ingabe imibono leyo ihleleke bunjani? Hlathulula isiqunto sakho. 5. Ingabe umtloli 5. we-athikili Ingabe engehla umtloli wethula ikulumakhe we-athikili engehla ngokusebenzisa wethula ikulumakheamagama akhako nesithombe es- ngokusebenzisa idosako ukuhlathulula kabanziakhako amagama ngomlando kaSiba? nesithombe Hlathulula esidosako ipendulwakho. ukuhlathulula kabanzi ngomlando kaSiba? Hlathulula ipendulwakho. 6. Ingabe umtloli 6. we-athikili Ingabe le umtloli ukholelwa ekukhuthazeni we-athikili okwakhakoekukhuthazeni le ukholelwa ngamaphuzwakhe nofana akakhuthazi? okwakhako ngamaphuzwakhe nofana akakhuthazi? Sekela ipendulwakho. Sekela ipendulwakho. ISIGABA 4: IQINISO NOMBONO ISIGABA 4: IQINISO NOMBONO Kesinye isikhathi kubudisi ukubona umahluko phakathi kwemitjho emaphuzu anembako Kesinye isikhathi kubudisi ukubona nemitjho umahluko emibono phakathi kwemitjho emaphuzu anembako nemitjho emibono nje kwaphe- nje kwaphela. la. UMBONO UMBONO  Umbono sitatimene esingekhe saqinisekiswa. Kuyikolelo yomunye umuntu.  Umbono mimizwa yomunye umuntu ngento ethileko. • Umbono sitatimeneImibono  esingekhe saqinisekiswa. kuyakghonakala bonaKuyikolelo iphikiswe. yomunye umuntu.  Imibono ingasekelwa maphuzu anembako. Isibonelo: Ikofi inambitheka • Umbono mimizwa yomunye kamnandi. umuntu ngento ethileko. • Imibono kuyakghonakala bona iphikiswe. • Imibono ingasekelwa maphuzu anembako. Isibonelo: Ikofi inambitheka kamnandi. 57 IQINISO IQINISO 1. IQINISO lingaqinisekiswa ngokuba liqiniso nanyana ukungabi liqiniso namkha 1. IQINISOamala. lingaqinisekiswa ngokuba liqiniso nanyana ukungabi liqiniso namkha amala. 2. Kuthola ubufakazi bomutjho/ iphuzu, ngalokho okuliqiniso. 2. Kuthola ubufakazi bomutjho/ iphuzu, ngalokho okuliqiniso. Isibonelo: Ilanga liphuma ePumalanga. 3. Ilanga Isibonelo: Ungaqala kusihlathululimagama nofana incwadi ephethe ilwazi elihlukahlukeneko liphuma ePumalanga. ngamagama athi, ‘Umbala ozotho mbala omuhle khulu ezinjeni’. Isitatimendesi singaqinisekiswa ngependulo engathi IYE, okutjho bona liqiniso nofana AWA, okutjho bona mbono. 4. Okunengi esikufundako nesikubonako kuhlangene nephuzu lamambala okuliqiniso nombono. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 43 5. Ukuhlukanisa hlangana neqiniso nombono kuqakathekile ekutshwayeni

3. Ungaqala kusihlathululimagama nofana incwadi ephethe ilwazi elihlukahlukeneko ngamagama athi, ‘Umbala ozotho mbala omuhle khulu ezinjeni’. Isitatimendesi singaqinisekiswa ngependulo engathi IYE, okutjho bona liqiniso nofana AWA, okutjho bona mbono. 4. Okunengi esikufundako nesikubonako kuhlangene nephuzu lamambala okuliqiniso nombono. 5. Ukuhlukanisa hlangana neqiniso nombono kuqakathekile ekutshwayeni amatheksthi nokwakha iimpikiswano ezidosako njengombana sizizakhamuzi zenarha begodu sakha iphasi elingcono mazombe. UMSEBENZI 11 Bawa abafundi batjho bona umutjho ngamunye kelandelako iliqiniso nofana imbono. IQINISO UMBONO Ilanga langoSondarha lilanga elithandekako evekeni. Ilanga labantu abatjha lilanga eliqakatheke khulu lomnyaka. Umnyanya wokuthokoza igalelo labantu bengubo ugidingwa ngesikhathi sesilimela. USihlabantangana yinyanga enamalanga ama-30 kwaphela. Kuneenyanga ezili-12 emnyakeni. Le bekuyipelaveke embi khulu kunezinye. Itwasahlobo sikhathi somnyaka esihle khulu. Zoke iindaba ezibikwa ziinrhatjhi ziliqiniso. UMvulo, ngeLesithathu nangeLesihlanu malanga weveke. Ilanga lokuthoma esikolweni lilanga elithusako. Woke umuntu kufuze aphane ngekarada leemfisela buhle ngelanga leenthandani. Ilanga lakho lamabeletho liza kanye ngomnyaka. UMSEBENZI 12 Funda umbiko ongenzasi lo bese utlola phasi amaphuzu aliqiniso namibono. Sekela isiqunto osithathako. Iqiniso Abafundi abalinganiselwa enanini elima-300 bagijime baguruzela esikolweni sabo izolo ngombana bebangananto aba- yenzako. Lokho kwenzeke lokha abafundisi abali-100 bale ukwenza imisebenzi yabo baphuma bakhamba bararene nehlanganwabo. Abegade basemsebenzini bekungutitjherehloko wesikolo nabotitjhere ababili nabo ebegade banganawo amandla wo- kuthatha amagadango ngobujamo ebebenzeka esikolweni. Abantu abahlala eduze bebabukele bathukiwe njengom- bana isiqhema sabafundi esineminyaka eli-15 ukuya keli-16 besiguruzela esikolweni iBideford eDevon bavuma bathi, ‘Sifuna ukufundiswa ukuze siphumelele’ batjho njalo baphula amafesidere. Umbono Ukurarana okufaka hlangana abafundi abanengi abalinganiselwa ema-300 okwenzeke izolo esikolweni esibizwa bona yiBideford eseDevon. Abafundisi bebazibandakanye emitjhagalweni yehlangano ejamele abotitjhere yegatjeni eliphake- meko. Bebangakazimiseli ukusebenzela ukungabhadelwa. Isehlakalwesi senzeke ngeenkhathi zamadina ngesibanga sokunganeliseki ngeenqunto ezithethweko. Ebegade basemsebenzini ngutitjherehloko nabotitjhere ababili kwaphela ngelangelo. Abanye babahlali abaseduze bezwe ngetjhada esikolweni nesaziwa ngesikolo esinokuthula. Babethele amapholisa umrhala, nawo amapholisa afika ngokurhabako athulisa ubujamobu. Lokho kwenzeke sele amafesidere amabili wesikolwesi aphulwe bafundi. 44 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

ISIGABA 5: UKUTHATHA IINQUNTO, OKUPHAKANYISWAKO NEENZATHU ZOKUSEKELA IMIBONO 5.1 UKUTHATHA IINQUNTO • Ukuthatha iinqunto kusiphetho ofikelela kiso lokha nawuthole ubufakazi obaneleko ngokucabangako. • Ukucabangela kutjho ukufunda unebonelo phambili ngalokho okuzokwenzeka, ngokudobha iinhlathululo ngalokho okutjhiwoko nokukhetha okuthinta umbonwakho ngento ethileko. • Nasicabangelako sakha ihlathululo engakavezwa tjhatjhalazi etheksthini. Sisebenzisa imitlhala, amaphuzu, ilemuko, nelwazi langaphambili ukwenza iimphakamiso, nokubuza imibuzo ukuhlathulula onganasiqiniseko ngakho etheksthini. • Woke amaqhinga la asebenza ndawonye ukusiza ofundako bona azwisise itheksthi. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 45

5. 2 OKUMAPHUZU ALIQINISO NOKUMAPHUZU ANGASIWO AMAQINISO Singafikelela ephuzwini lokuhlolisisa nokuthatha iinqunto siqalise elwazini eliliphuzu eliliqiniso nelingasilo iqiniso. Isib. Ngelwazi elinikelwe ngenzasi ingabe isiphetho siyezwakala? IPHUZU: Ibhubezi lingagijima amakhilomitha ama-30 nge-iri. IPHUZU: Ingwe ingagijima ngebelo elikhulu ukudlula ibhubezi. ISIPHETHO: Ingwe ingagijima ngebelo elikhulu ukudlula amakhilomitha ama-30 nge-iri. Sifikelela ekuthatheni isiqunto esiliphuzu eliliqiniso nephuzwini elingasilo iqiniso ngelwazi elikhulunywa bunqopha nokuyelela ukusetjenziswa kwelimi lomzimba. 5.3 IIMPHAKAMISO/ OKUPHAKANYISWAKO (ASSUMPTIONS) • Kuyinto ocabanga bona iliqiniso, iinkolelo ezisetjenziswako ezingakahlolwa, nanyana unganabo ubufakazi obu- phathekako ngazo. • Kanengi okuphakanyiswako kuba yinto eyafundwa ngaphambilini kungabuzwa nemibuzo ngobuqiniso bayo. • Okuphakanyiswako okungokufihlekileko – kuyikolelo esetjenziswa njengesisekelo sombono othileko kodwana kesinye isikhathi kungabi liqiniso. • Iimphakamiso ziyingcenye yethungelelwano leenkolelo. Kanengi sithatha ukukholelwa kwethu njengeqiniso si- kuthathe sikusebenzisele ukurhumurjha lokho okwenzeka ephasini. Isibonelo: Nasikholelwa bona ukukhamba ebusuku kuyingozi, nasihlala endaweni eyingozi, sizokuthatha isiqunto sokobana vele kuyingozi ukuphuma ebusuku ukhambe ngeenyawo nawuwedwa. Iimbonelo zokuthatha iinqunto ngokuphakanyiswako Umuntu wokuThoma Umuntu wesiBili Ubujamo: Ngemva kokuphela komdlalo, umdlali Ubujamo: Ngemva kokuphela komdlalo umdlali wetenesi uyamomotheka uphakamisela izandla zakhe wetenesi uyamomotheka uphakamisela izandla zakhe phezulu. phezulu. Ukufumana isisombululo: Umdlali wetenesi uthumbe Ukufumana isisombululo: Umdlali wamukela ukuhlulwa umdlalo. kwakhe ngomusa. Okuphakanyiswako: Abadlali abagidinga ukuthumba Okuphakanyiswako: Omunye nomunye umuntu kwabo ekupheleni komdlalo ngilabo abathumbe umdlalo. okhombisa ukuphakamisela izandla phezulu utjengisa ukwamukela ukuhlulwa. IINZATHU ZOKUSEKELA IMIBONO • Iinzathu zokusekela imibono bonobangela abanikelwako ukusekela umbono, isenzo nanyana ithiyori ethileko. • Iinzathu zokusekela imibono mimida etjengisa ikghono lokucabanga ngokusebenzisa iinsombululo zemiraro ngeemphakamiso (ukutjho okuthileko ngaphandle kokuzaza nofana ukutjho into ngokuyiqinisekisa). • Iimphakamiso ziza ngeendlela ezintathu: kunalezo ezitjho okuthileko ngaphandle kokuzaza, nalezo ezisebenzi- sa iphuzu elinembako nemibono (lokhu kufaka hlangana ukucabangela namathiyori). • Iinzathu zokusekela umbono zinomthelela emfundini khulukhulu nakasebenzisa ubufakazi obukhambelana ne- sizathu nokubeka kuhle indaba ngomnqopho wokuveza iphuzu elithileko. • Iinzathu zokusekela umbono zifaka hlangana ikambiso yokuveza bona into ethileko iliqiniso bese uyayiqiniseki- sa ngokusebenzisa ukucabanga okuhlelekileko, iimbonelo nerhubhululo. 46 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

Indima edlalwa babantu abanqotjhweko/abamukelilwazi • Ukuzwisisa abamukelilwazi kuqakathekile ekutloleni nanyana ngikuphi okuphumelelisako, khulukhulu umt- lolo wokwenzisa nokudlelezela. • Iinzathu zokusekela imibono kuyikulumo-pikiswano efihlakeleko nofana edlheganisa abamukelilwazi bakho, ekutloleni iinzathu zokusekela imibono, nokucabanga bona kunomuntu ozokufunda okutlolileko nongekhe avumelane nawe. • Ukuyelelisa abantu abanqotjhweko/abamukelilwazi kuqakatheke kwamambala ngombana kuphumelelisa ikulumo yokwenzisa neenzathu zokusekela imibono. Ngakho-ke… o Yazi abantu obanqotjhweko/ abamukelilwazi bakho. o Buyini ubujamo babo obudzimeleleko endabeni ethileko? o Bazizwa njani ngalokho? o Ingabe imiqondo ivulekile ukwamukela imibono yabanye na? o Ngikuphi engekhe bakuzwisisa eenzathwini zakho zokusekela imibono? Iimbonelo zeenzathu zokusekela imibono. Igcwetha/Umjameli womthetho: Itlayenti yami beyisekundleni yezemidlalo lokha nayizwa itjhada. Abofakazi abanen- gi ababone ngamehlo babike bona bambonile lapho bekunetjhada khona nethikithi lakhe liyaveza bonyana akhange aphume kwaze kwaba kulokha nakubikwa ukuhlukunyezwa litjhadeli. Lokhu kuhlathulula khona bonyana akhange enze umlandu. Ukuqakatheka kweenzathu zokusekela imibono nokwenzisa umuntu bona akholelwe kokutjhoko. (a) Epilweni yaqobe lilanga. Ukubawa ukukhutjhulelwa imali, ukwenza isibawo somsebenzi, ukukhulumela inani lekoloyi etja nokuphikisana ekhotho. (b) Epilweni yezefundo Ukuvikela imibonwakho nokuzibandakanya kukulumo-pikiswano yeemfundiswa. (c) Emsebenzini. Ukwenza abantu balalele imibonwakho, ukubuthelela isekelo, ukwenza umphathi bonyana akutjheje, ukufumana ukusebenzisana nokwenza abantu basebenze. (d) Ekutloleni … Ukungaphikiswa ekubekeni iphuzu lakho nokulitlolela bona lifundwe. (e) Ekufundeni nekulaleleni Ukutshwaya ngeenzathu zokusekela imibono yabanye, nokuzivikela emaqhingeni angasi mahle nadlelezelako nokukghona ukubona iinzathu ezingasizo. Isakhiwo seenzathu zokusekela imibono. Iinzathu zokusekela umbono zinikela abonobangela nobufakazi obusekela iphuzu elimbono. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 47

Iingcenye zeenzathu zokusekela imibono. • INDABA EKUKHULUNYWA NGAYO – lo mraro nofana ukuphambana kwabantu abangavumelaniko. • INTO ETHILEKO EBONAKALA ILIQINISO EKUBENI AYISILO IQINISO - ukuthatha ihlangothi endabeni ekukhulunywa ngayo. • ISEKELO – Lokhu kukunikela iinzathu nobufakazi bonyana into ethileko iliqiniso ekubeni akusilo iqiniso iyazwisiseka begodu kufuze yamukeleke. • UKUPHIKISA – Le miqondo ephikisanako. Imihlobo yento ethileko ebonakala iliqiniso ekubeni ayisilo iqiniso. IPHUZU LAMAMBALA LENTO ETHILEKO EBONAKALA ILIQINISO EKUBENI AYISILO IQINISO – Lesi sitatimende esingaqinisekiswa ngokutjheja nanyana ngerhubhululo. Isibonelo: “Ngaphambi kobana kuphele iminyaka elitjhumi, umonakalo wezulu uzokwenza bonyana iinkulungwana zeentjalo neenlwana ziphele.” ISILINGANISO SENTO ETHILEKO EBONAKALA ILIQINISO EKUBENI AYISILO IQINISO – Siveza bona into eyodwa nofana umqondo othileko ungcono begodu uyathandeka kunomunye. Isibonelo: “Ukufuna izenzelwa zomphakathi eenkolweni zamabanga aphezulu kuzokukhiqiza abantu abafundileko be- godu abanelemuko lezinto zomphakathi.” UMGOMO WENTO ETHILEKO EBONAKALA ILIQINISO EKUBENI AYISILO IQINISO – Ulinganisa bonyana khuyini ekumele yenziwe ukurarulula umraro othileko. Isibonelo: “Ukuze kwehliswe inturhu neengidi ezinengi ngeenkolweni kufuze kufakwe itheknoloji ekghona ukubona into esasimbi.” IMIHLOBO YESEKELO ENIKELWA INTO ETHILEKO EKUTHIWA ILIQINISO EKUBENI AYISILO IQINISO UKUNIKELA IINZATHU – Kusitatimende esijayelekileko esisekela into ethileko ekuthiwa iliqiniso ekubeni ayisilo iqiniso. UBUFAKAZI – bufaka hlangana amaphuzu aliqiniso, iimbalobalo, ilemuko, iinlinganiso neembonelo eziveza ukuqiniseki- sa bona into ethileko iliqiniso. UKUVUSA IMIZWA – imiqondo enqotjhiswe eemfunekweni nofana ezintweni eziligugu abafundi abazikhathalelako. 48 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

UMSEBENZI 13 Funda itheksthi engenzasi ekhuluma ngeenzathu zokusekela imibono. Indlela abantu abatjha ebambatha ngayo, yokuveza imizimbabo ngaphandle ngiyo ebabangela bona babe bongazimbi bokukatwa. Vumelana nofana uphikisane nesitatimendesi. Angivumelani nesitatimendesi ngombana ekadeni lokha ugubudu asadla ubulongwe ukwembatha nofana njani khulukhulu ebantwini abatjha kwakulitshwayo lokutjhaphuluka nelokutjengisa isigaba somuntu loyo bona sele angangani begodu nokutjengisa ubuzwe babo. NgokweBhayibheli esimini ye-Edeni, u-Adamu bano-eFa bebahlala babulanzi esimini okwakuyindlwabo ngaleso sikhathi. Emandulo eentjhabeni ngokwahlukahlukana kuneengaba zokukhula komuntu. NgesiNdebele umuntu wengubo uthoma abe litlawana, abe mntazana osele athombile, abe lithari, abe ngumma bese agcine sele angugogo. Abentazana gade bembatha irhabi nesirholwani edinini kwaphela, woke umzimba ube ngaphandle. Nakuza etlawaneni lona lembathe isikhotjhi nerhabi kwaphela, nalokhu kusafakazela khona bona umzimba womntazana ulithempeli lakaZimu. Umntazana osele aqinile yena bekavunula isithimba ngemva bese kuthi ngaphambili avunule iphephethu namkha irhabi. Esikhathini sanje ilitje sele ligaya ngomunye umhlathi. Abantu abatjha bembatha ngendlela edondisako. Kukhona abembatha iinkhitjhana eziveza isibhono ngaphandle bese umzimba woke ube ngaphandle. Lokho bakubiza ngokobana yifetjheni. Ilembatho labeli bathanda ukulembatha khulukhulu nabaya eendaweni zobumnandi. Ekadeni umzimba bewuvezwa ukuze izitho zomuntu khulukhulu wengubo zikghone ukubonakala nokobana azitholele isokana elizomthatha abe mkhamanzi walo. Layaphi isiko lokuhlonipha lokho okudalwe nguZimu. Abantu bembaji lokha nababona umntazana ambethe njalo sele babona umfazi nanyana umuntu osele akhulile ukobana bangamkata. Abantu bembaji abasahloniphi indalo kaZimu, bazibonela lokho ebangakusebenzisa ukufeza iinkanuko zabo banganandaba bona kuvunyelenwe namkha akukavunyelanwa. Abantu bembaji kumele bazi bona umuntu wengubo nakathi awa, uthi awa! Akukameli enziswe izinto ngekani. Ukufunda kwangaphambili • Isihlokwesi sitjho ukuthini? • Ngubani umtloli kanti unaziphi iziqu zefundo? • Igadangiswe ngaliphi ilanga? • Khuyini engikwaziko ngendaba le? Ngesikhathi sokufunda nangemva kokufunda • Funda ngokungeneleleko itheksthi elandelako ihlandla linye ukuze uthole umqondo ozwakalako. Kokutho- ma lokha nawufunda ngokudephileko itheksthi kufuze ulinge ukuzwisisa ipikiswano epheleleko umtloli ay- ivezako. Tjheja indlela umtloli aphikisana ngayo. • Funda ngokudephileko itheksthi elandelako ihlandla lesibili bese utshwaya umtlolo nalokhu okufundako. Kuyasiza ngesinye isikhathi ukubona umtlolo otlolwe ngokubovu ngombana kwenza amatshwayo avele kuh- le. Zibuze imibuzo lokha nawufunda ihlandla lesibili: IINZATHU ZOKUSEKELA IMIBONO 1. Ziyini iinzathu zokusekela umbono womtloli? 2. Uyini umnqopho womtloli wokutlola itheksthi le? 3. Bobani abamukelilwazi abanqotjhweko ngetheksthi le? 4. Ingabe umlayezo wetheksthi le uyafika kilabo abanqotjhweko na? 5. Ingabe umtloli unobufakazi obungangani obuqinisekisweko ngalokho akutjhoko ngetheksthi le? Hlathulula. 6. Ingabe kukhona ukutlhayela kwekulumo ethileko eenzathwini zomtloli ngetheksthi engehla le? Hlathulula. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 49

7. Ingabe umtloli akabuvezi kuhle ubufakazi bakhe nofana ungezelela ngobufakazi obuthatha ihlangothi etheksthini engehla le? 8. Ingabe umtloli uqalana neenzathu zokusekela imibono ephikisanako kuhle begodu ngokungathathi ihlan- gothi? 9. Ingabe umtloli uphikisa imibono ngendlela ehlelekileko nenomqondo begodu nobufakazi bakhe buyakham- belana? 10. Ingabe umtloli usebenzisa ukumadanisa nokufana kwamabizo? Nikela iimbonelo. 11. Ingabe umtloli usebenzisa ilimi elivusa imizwa (qala ilimi elivusa imizwa enamandla). ISIGABA 6: UKUHLALISANA KEZEPOLOTIKI NENGEMUVA LAMASIKO LOMTLOLI NETHEKSTHI 6.1 Ukuzwisisa ukuhlalisana kezepolotiki nengemuva lamasiko lomtloli netheksthi? Ukuthintana kwabantu ngaso soke isikhathi kwenzeka ebujameni obuthileko, ngendlela yokuveza imibono hlanga- na nomuntu oyedwa neenqhema ezihlalelene ngokomlando, ngokwezepolotiki, ngokwezomnotho, ngokwezamasiko nokuhlalisana. Ukuzwisisa ubujamo bezokuhlalisana nezepolotiki nobujamo bamasiko bomtloli kunikela umqondo odephileko ekukhuth- azeni nekuletheni umthelela omuhle emsebenzini womtloli. Kuqakathekile bonyana sikghone ukubona izinto zanga- phandle ezinomthelela epilweni yomtloli yangamalanga ukuze kutsengwe ngokuzeleko imimongondaba namatshwayo asetjenziswe emsebenzini womtloli loyo. Imimongondaba yezokuhlalisana, zepolotiki, zomlando nobujamo bamasiko ingahlathululwa njengobujamo obunomthelela nobubekela imikhawulo nemilayezo engalethwa bujamo betheksthi. Umtlolo ucatjangwa ngokobana awufani nokhunye ngendlela yokuveza epepeneneni irherho lemibono yekolelo ngo- kuthileko. Imitlolo ngokuhlukana kwayo efana nenovela, imidlalo, iinkondlo nemidlalo etlolwe ngabantu bamambala nemitlolo yeembikiindaba – kungaphikiswana ngakho bonyana kusebenza ezingeni lerherho lemibono yekolelo ngokuthileko. Lokhu kutjho bonyana basebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneko nangendlela evulelekileko (njengokuthi ngokungabonakaliko) – ukusekela nokugandelela indlela ethileko yokucabanga ngakho kanye nokuqala iphasi ngelihlo elithileko. Iinrhatjhi nazo zidlala indima ekulondeni nekuqiniseni irherho lemibono yeenkolelo ezithileko. 6.2 UBUJAMO BAMASIKO Zibuze imibuzo efana nale elandelako: • Ingabe umtloli unamuphi umthelela wesiko lalapha ahlala khona? • Ingabe isiko langalesosikhathi lalapho ebekahlala khona lisitjhitjilo salokhu engabe kutlolwe ngakho? • Ingabe indlela ekuphilwa ngayo namkha igandelelo lezepolotiki likatelele umtloli bonyana atlole ngendlela ethileko nofana ukugegeda iindaba ezithileko? • Ingabe lokhu okungehla kuliqiniso nofana kuyaphikisana? Ingabe umtloli wenze ngabomu ukubeka umbono othileko, ukubeka iselele nofana ukuthusa abantu? 6.3 UBUJAMO BEZOMLANDO/ UKUHLALISANA NEZEPOLOTIKI • Ubujamo bezomlando butjho ukuzwisisa izimo, izehlakalo, njll. Ngesikhathi imitlolo eyatlolwa ngaso nofana eyavezwa ngaso. Ubujamo bezomlando kutjho ubujamo bamazizo, indlela umuntu abona ngayo izinto nobuja- mo ebebukhona ngesikhatheso. • Ubujamo butjho “ukwendlalwa” kwesehlakalo esenzekako esizoba nomthelela wokukhambelana nesehlakalo. Ubujamo liphuzu eliqakatheke khulu ukulitjheja lokha nawuhlathulula okuthileko komlando. • Kulisizo khulu bona wazi ukuqakatheka kwezehlakalo ezenzakalako begodu kufuze utjheje ubujamo, umlan- do, isikhathi, ubujamo bamazizo, nangendlela umuntu abona ngayo izinto, njll. Lokha nawucabanga ngezinto eziqakathekileko. 50 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

• Cabanga bona ufunda incwadi evela emuntwini wengubo emumethe umutjho othi, ‘Umntwanami womntazana uzokutjhinga eNatali ngemva kobana atjhade.’ • Isitatimendesi sisinikela ilwazi elingangani? Ilwazi alikeneli bekube kulokha siqala ilanga. Lokha nasithola bon- yana incwadi yatlolwa emnyakeni we-1838 lokhu kusikhombisa bonyana umutjho munye kesinye isikhathi un- gatjho likhulu! • Umuntu wengubo omncani utjhinga eNatali emnyakeni we-1883 ngesikhathi se- Groot trek kungenzeka bon- yana ulandela ubaba wakwakhe ekhambeni eliyingozi lokufuna indawo yokulima. Umma lo angathuka khulu kwamambala ngomntwanakhe. Lokhu kutjho bonyana uzabe azi bona kuzokuthatha isikhathi eside ngaphambi kobana abone umntwanakhe godu nangabe usazombona! • Ukwazi bona khuyini ukuhlalisana, zomnotho nofana iindaba zezepolotiki zizombelezwe yinovela nofana i-eseyi kungasiza ukuzwisisa ngepilo ebayiphilako. 6.4 INGEMUVA LEZEPOLOTIKI NEZOKUHLALISANA LOMTLOLI Ingemuva lezepolotiki nezokuhlalisana lomtloli liba nomthelela emibonwenakhe nesitayeleni atlola ngaso. Umbono womtloli Umbono womtloli ngilokho okumbeka endaweni ethileko ekulumenakhe. Umbono ubuye waziwe njengeenzathu zokuse- kela imibono yomtloli (okumqondo omkhulu umtloli aphikisa ngawo) nokuthatha ihlagothi komtloli (ihlangothi lendaba umtloli alithandako). Isibonelo: Ngehlangothini lezomnotho, ituthuko izokuzuzisa idorobha khulu. Lokho kumbono wo- muntu ngokwakhe nanyana indlela yokuziphatha kwakhe ngento ethileko, isibonelo; Ngiyawuhlonipha umbonwakho, kodwana anginasiqiniseko sokobana ngiyavumelana nawe. Umtloli angathanda into ethileko (kungaba kukuthi uyayisekela) nanyana angaphikisana nayo (kungaba kukuthi aka- khambelani nayo). Kumele ukghone ukubona umbono womtloli ukuze ukwazi ukubona bona ngiliphi ihlangothi ali- thandako. Okungehlokhu kumele kuhlanganiswe nokufundiswa kwesifundo sokuzwisisa nanyana ukufunda itheksthi yezemitlolo. Umbono wesikhulumi ungasatjalaliswa etheksthini ngeendlela ezinengi (ngokuzibandakanya ngokwemizwa)- ngokukhetha inani lezakhi zeemphawulo ezitjengisa indlela umuntu aziphatha ngayo, ngokukhetha imihlobohlobo yokumunyethwe yitheksthi, ngokuphungula amandla /umfutho, ngokukhetha amagama anemibalabala nofana anama- gugu angathathi ihlangothi, ngokukhetha isikhathi okhuluma ngaso, namagama weendlela zesenzo, ibuyelelo kanye namatshwayo ahlukahlukeneko womtlolo ogadangiswako. Ukuphendula imibuzo elandelako, funa amagama aveza umbono womtloli. Usitjelani umnqopho womtloli? Umnqopho womtloli ungunobangela owenze bona atlole umtlolwakhe. Ngaso soke isikhathi nakatlolako, utlolela umn- qopho othileko. (Ngalokho-ke, nawutlolako unehloso oyinqophileko). Ihloso yomtloli kufuna ukwazisa, ukulayela, ukuthabisa, ukwenzisa ofundako bona akholelwe entweni nofana athathe igadango elithileko. Kuqakathekile ukuzwisisa umnqopho womtloli wokutlola ngombana uzokulimuka ihloswakhe yokut- lola begodu uzokuba nelemuko elikhulu lokobana khuyini ebekuqakathekile emlayezwenakhe. Nawufuna ukuzwisisa umnqopho womtloli, tjheja amagama awasebenzisileko nendlela ilwazi livezwe ngayo. Iphimbo lomtloli Iphimbo lomtloli yindlela atlola ngayo (efaka hlangana ikhethomagama nesitayela sokutlola) eveza indlela umtloli aziphatha ngayo mayelana nesihloko esithileko. Kuyasiza ukucabanga ngephimbo lomtloli ukobana belizokuzwakala njani nagade akhuluma nawe kunokobana alitlole. Kuqakathekile ukwahlukanisa iphimbo lomtloli ngombana nawunga- kalizwisisi ungaphaphalaza ukurhumutjha umlayezo. Ikhetho magama lomtloli nendlela aziphatha ngayo. Ikhethomagama yindlela eyodwa yokusivezela iphimbo lomtloli. Isitayela sokutlola singenye indlela. Tjheja incwadi yezemitlolo ebekelwe ukufunda bese nicocisana ngalokho enicabanga bona ngikho okwenze umtloli atlole itheksthi ethileko. Funda itheksthi engenzasi bese utshwaya ngomnqopho wephimbo osetjenziswe mtloli wenovela ethi, ‘Mbala Ngubaba’ emtlolweni wesifiso owatjhiywa mlingisi onguBongwe. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 51

Umtloli usebenzise iphimbo elihlelekileko elivezwa kutlolwa kwesifiso. Isifiswesi wasitlola ngokubona bona uMavela akafuni ukukhambisana nemiyalo yakhe. Umtloli ngokusebenzisa isifiso esatlolwa nguBongwe ulinga ukuzwakalisa iphimbo elithi iimfiso zomuntu ongasekho azeqiwa. Iphimbo lokusebenzisa umtlolo wesifiso kuliphimbo elingeze latjhu- gululwa mumuntu ngitjho nanyana sele yena angasekho. Iphimbeli labonakala lithatjelwa mkakhe uNaMtshweni ngom- bana abona bona ukutlolwa kwesifiswesi kuzokuletha ukuthula hlangana nabentwabakhe. Umlayezo owawutlolwe esifisweni lo nanyana wabonakala ungakajayeleki emphakathini weMadlangeni kodwana labo ababesazi bona uMavela sihlangana hloko basithabela. Iphimbo elazwakaliswa sifiso sakaBongwe sathatjelwa ngit- jho nabentwabakhe abafana noMhlekwa banoHleziphi batjho nokobana bazosilandela isifiswesi ngokobana babuye- le esikolweni. Iphimbo okwakwethulwa ngalo umlayezo osesifisweni labe lingabawi kodwana lalimlayezo onamandla nonokwenzisa. Iphimbo elizwakaliswa mtloli ngokulethwa nokufundwa kwesifiswesi labonakala lithabisa uNaTlharini ngombana wathi silitshwayo lokuqeda ipi. Amagama ahlathulula Amagama ahlathulula iphimbo Amagama ahlathulula iphimbo iphimbo elingathathi ihlangothi: elincamileko: elithinta imizwa: Asetjenziswa eencwadini Asetjenziswa eememezelweni Atholakala ema-athikilini womuntu zokufunda, imilayelo, eziqakathekileko zangokomthetho, ngokwakhe, emitlolweni yezepolotiki, iincwadi zemithetho, ema- nemlandweni kamufi, isibonelo; nakeminye imitlolo enelimi elidlelezelako athikilini wamaphephandaba ukwesaba, isiqinisekiso esijiyileko, njengama-edithoriyali. newabomagazini nakeminye okuncamileko, emathuneni, imitlolo ephakela ilwazi lamambala okuqinisekisweko, okungatjho Ukuba nezwelo: Ukutjengisa ukuba eyethulwa ngendlela enqophileko. litho nofana ukuba nehlaya nomusa, isirhawu, nokuzwela omunye elibanzi, ikareko elingeneleleko, umuntu. Ukungabi nemizwa ethathekako: ukuzibamba ekwenzeni into Kufaka hlangana ukuba nemizwa ethileko nokuthula ngokwemvelo. Khathazeka: Ukuba netjhejo emincani nofana ukungabi nayo; elingeneleleko emuntwini elihlathululwa yitjisakalo. Ukungabi nemizwa ethinteka lula:Ungathintwa mimizwa Ukulangazelela ukuba sekhaya: Imizwa enekareko yokwenza okuthileko, ehlangahlangeneko ekwenza ukhumbule enezwelomagama nokuthatha abantu abasekhaya nofana ubujamo ihlangothi elithileko lento. obudlulileko obusekelwa mimizwa kunokobana acabange. Ukungabi nendaba ngento ethileko: Ukuziveza kwangasuthi Ukuzisola: Ukuba nomuzwa wokuzisola. akukho akukhethako nofana awukhathali/ awunandaba. Ukuzizwela ubuhlungu: Ukuzizwela ubuhlungu bewufune itjhejo lamsinya, uphikisane nomthetho. 52 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

Amagama ahlathulula iphimbo Amagama ahlathulula iphimbo Amagama ahlathulula iphimbo elingavumelaniko nokutjhiwoko: lokuhlekisa ngomuntu elisekelako; nofana ukwenza amahlaya, anjengetshimo, nesathaya amagama arhuga umuntu. Iphimbeli livamise Lingasetjenziswa ekutloleni Litholakala emihlotjeni eminengi ukutholakala kumabhayisikopo imihlobo eminengi yezemitlolo yokutlola, njengeencwadi, imitlolo nekubuyekezweni kweencwadi, kufaka hlangana zemitlolo ekhuthazako, namanye wama-athikili kuma-edithoriyali nakuma-athikili nezokuhlatjwa ekuhlalisaneni, kamagazini nemitlolweni ethunyelwa kamagazini. nakamanye amakholomu emuntwini. nama-athikili wephephandaba Ukuphoqa: kusetjenziswa newemagazini. Ngehliziyo Ukukhuthaza: Ukutjengisa isekelo. kwamagama amambi nanyefulako. elula enganamiraro, nenganakho ukutshwenyeka Isekelo: Ukukhombisa isizo. Ukungavumeli: Ukudlulisa nofana ukuphatheka kumbi, isahlulelo esithileko emuntwini ukuthaba nokungabi nendaba, ukungahlonitjhwa, Ukusola umbono ongasimuhle: Ukuba majadu: kukhombisa ukuthaba. ukucabangisisa Mumukghwa wokulindela kwalokho okujayelekileko Ukuba nethemba: Ukulindela okuhle, ukwenzeka kokumbi njengokwamukelekako nofana ukuqaleka kuhle, ukuba nezwelo, ukuba ngokudluleleko, ukuba nomukghwa okuhloniphekako. nesirhawu. omumbi, ukungabekezeli nokungavumeli imibono ehlukileko. Ukutjengisa ukungahloniphi: Ukuvumela: ukuveza imvumo nofana izenzo zokuphoqa, ubumsulwa ukuvumelana Ukukwata; kukuba nemizwa nofana ukudzimelela emigomeni ezwisa ubuhlungu nofana abazibekele yona abanye, ukuveza Ukuba nethemba: Ukuthanda okuthileko ukuphakanyelwa mimizwa ukuphoqa nobumunyu, ukuhlekisa nokukusekela ngendlela eyakhako. engakalungi. ngabanye Ukuzwela: ukuzwelana nomuntu osebujameni obungasi buhle, ukutjengisa ukuhlonipha amalungelo nemibono yabanye nofana iinkambiso zabanye abantu. Amakghono wokufunda ngelihlo lokutshwaya ahlobana njani? • Umnqopho womtloli ngiwo ombangela bona asebenzise iphimbo elithileko ukudlulisa iphuzu elithileko eliqal- iswe kubamukelilwazi abahlosweko. • Umtloli uthatha isiqunto ngomnqopho wokutlola kwakhe (unobangela/isizathu): ukwazisa, ukulayela, ukwenzisa nokuthabisa. • Umtloli ufeza umnqophakhe ngokusebenzisa iphimbo elifaneleko; isibonelo: iphimbo elincamileko, langa- komthetho, leqiniso, elimajadu, elingavumiko, elinezwelo, elingasi ngelomthetho, elinekghono lokuhlekisa ne- linetshimo. • Ukudlulisa ummongondabakhe nofana umbonwakhe (indawo ayithathako endabeni): umbonwakhe (othanda ihlangothi eliphikiswako) nofana ipikiswano ebamukelilwazini abanqotjhiweko. Isibonelo: Umphakathi ovamile- ko, isiqhema esithileko, nofana umuntu othileko. Izinto okumele uzitjheje lokha nawufunda ngelihlo lokuhlaba: • Kumele ugegede ukubona umnqopho kiyo yoke into oyifundako njengokwazisa. • Nangabe umnqopho womtloli kukwenzisa, kumele ukwazi ukubona bona ngiliphi ihlangothi lendaba ali- thandako. • Ukuzwisisa iphimbo lomtloli kuzakwenza bona ukghone ukubamba iqiniso / ihlathululo enqotjhweko, nanyana amagama womtloli angavela kwangathi atjho into ehlukileko kunaleyo ayitjhoko. • Kunemihlobo emibili yetshimo: Itshimo elizwakaliswa liphimbo netshimo elilethwa bujamo. • Irhwala netshimo akusiyinto eyodwa. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 53

UMSEBENZI 14 • Hlola inani lemikhangiso nofana imibono elethwa ziinqetjhana ezithileko ngesihloko esisodwa ukubona bona ilimi neenthombe kusetjenzisiwe bunjani. • Lemuka imibono yabatloli. Kungebangalani bacabanga ngaleyo ndlela? • Nasifunda/sibona besilalele okutjhiwo yitheksthi kumele siyelele hlangana nokhunye imibuzo elandelako: 1. Ngubani okhiqize itheksthi le? Sazi njani? 2. Ngikuphi umtloli afuna abafundi bomtlolo lowo bakwazi, bakucabange nofana bakuzwelele? Kubayini sicabanga lokho? 3. Ngiziphi iimphakamiso ezenziwa mtloli ngeenkolelo zomuntu ofunda itheksthi ethileko, ubugugu nelwazi? Sikubona ngani lokho? 4. Ngiwuphi umbono mazombe olethwa/ odluliswa yitheksthi? Kubayini sicabanga njalo? 5. Ingabe ilimi lisebenza bunjani ekuletheni umthelela ekucabangeni kwakho? 6. Ngiliphi ilwazi umtloli alitjhiyileko emtlolwenakhe? Liqakatheke kangangani ilwazelo? 7. Ngubani ovamise ukufunda itheksthi le kanengi? 8. Ngiliphi ilwazi mazombe elingaphezu kwalokhu okufunwa yitheksthi ukuze izwakale ngcono? 9. Ingabe ukuzwisisa kwakho itheksthi le kunamuphi umthelela epilwenakho yangemuva? 10. Itheksthi le inamuphi umthelela kuwe, isibonelo; ingabe indlela itheksthi le engayo inomthelela ekwakheni kwakho ihlathululo na? ISIGABA 7: IMIHLOBOHLOBO YAMALIMI Umsebenzi 15 Utitjhere angahlathulula bona soke sikhuluma ngendlela ehlukileko ngaphasi kobujamo obuhlukeneko. Iindlelezi zokhu- luma ezihlukeneko zibizwa bona amarejista welimi. Amalimi woke anerejista ehlelekileko nengakahleleki. Utitjhere uzokukhuthaza ukukhunjulwa kwamarejista welimi ngokusebenzisa imibuzo elandelako: • Ingabe indlela okhuluma ngayo etlasina iyafana nendlela okhuluma ngayo nawusekhaya? • Ingabe indlela okhuluma ngayo nabangani bakho iyafana nendlela okhuluma ngayo nabantu abakhulu kun- awe? • Ingabe indlela okhuluma ngayo notitjherakho nofana udorhoderakho ihlukile kunendlela okhuluma ngayo nomnganakho emrhaleni? Umsebenzi 16 Eenqhemeni zenu cocisanani bona yirejista ehlelekileko nofana engakahleleki enizoyisebenzisa nanikhuluma nabantu abalandelako. Nizobalotjhisa bunjani? Isiqunto osithetheko yabelana ngaso nabanye abafundi ngetlasini. • Umnganakho omkhulu. • Ababelethi bakho. • Utitjherehloko wesikolo sakho. • Umntwana omncani olahlekileko. • Ugogwakho. • Umuntu omkhulu ongamaziko. 54 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

Umsebenzi 17 Eenqhemeni cocisanani ngendlela yokukhuluma eningayisebenzisa ngaphasi kobujamo obulandelako. Uzokuthini? Isiqunto osithetheko yabelana ngaso nabanye abafundi ngetlasini. • Ivakatjho nabangani bakho. • Isidlo santambama nomndenakho woke. • Ivakatjho elikhethekileko lesivakatjhi esiqakathekileko. Umsebenzi 18 Cocisanani ngezinye zeendlela ezingasetjenziswa ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamarejista nangeendlela anomthelela ngayo elimini lethu. Qala amagama atlolwe ethebulini engenzasi bese ubawe abafundi batjho bona amagama la ban- gawasebenzisa ngaphasi kwabuphi ubujamo, nobani ngasiphi isizathu. Igama Ubujamo Umnqopho Abamukelilwazi Baba/Mfundisi Esondweni Kucocwa iindaba Umfundisi nelunga lebandla. zebandla Nomzana Esikolweni Kucocwa iindaba Uhlokokulu nomntwana zesikolo wesikolo. Mma Ekhaya Kucocwa iindaba Umma nomntwanakhe. eziphathelene nekhaya Thulani/ Thembi Ekhaya/esikolweni/ Kucoccwa iindaba Abangani zobungani endleleni Imihlobo yamalimi itholakala lokha nakunamatjhuguluko amancani enzeka erhelweni lamagama asetjenziswa ekulume- ni, esakhiweni nekuphinyisweni kwamagama; iimbonelo zemihlobo yamalimi: lilimi lesigodi, irejista, ilimi lesirhumutjha, ikholikhyalizimu nesitayela. 7.1 Ilimi lesigodi/lesifunda Ilimi lakhiwa mihlobo ehlukahlukeneko yamalimi akhulunywa esigodini nofana esifundeni esithileko. Ilimi lesigodi mhlo- bo welimi osuselwe kwamanye amalimi womphakathi othileko. Lihluke khulu kuneminye imihlobo yamalimi akhuluny- wako ngebanga lamagama asetjenziswako, ukwakheka begodu/nofana ukuphinyiswa kwawo. Ilimi lesigodi lihlathulula umhlobo welimi okungaba lilimi lokuhlalisana kwabantu emphakathini nofana isitjhaba esithileko. Ukuhlukana kwelimi okukhambisana nelimi lesigodi kungenzeka ezingeni elinye nelinye lelimi ngokunjalo lifake hlangana ukusetjenziswa ukuphinyiswa kwamagama, izakhi nemithetjhwana yokusetjenziswa kwelimi, indlela ilimi elihlathuthululwa ngayo nome- hluko ekusetjenzisweni kalo. 7.1.1 Iingaba zemihlobo yamalimi Imihlobo yelimi lesigodi ihlukaniswe imihlobo emi-4: • Ilimi lesigodi/ilimi lendawo: Lo mhlobo welimi okhulunywa endaweni ethileko. • Ilimi lesikhatjhana: Mhlobo welimi osetjenziswa ngesikhathi esithileko esigabeni somlando wokukhula kwalo. • Ilimi lesiqhema esithileko: Lo mhlobo welimi osetjenziswa babantu besiqhema/besigaba esithileko. • Amalimi ahlukahlukeneko asetjenziswa mumuntu nakakhulumako anomahluko ngendlela aphinyiswa ngayo, indlela asetjenziswa ngayo elimini nemagameni. Ithemeli lisetjenziselwa ukuhlathulula umehluko phakathi kwemihlobo yeenqhema nofana yeengaba emphakathi- ni. Njengombana ilimi lesigodi lidzimelele khulu endaweni ethileko, nelimi lomphakathi livela hlangana neenqhema zomphakathi lowo begodu lihlotjaniswa zizinto ezihlukeneko. Ilimi langokomthetho kungathiwa lilimi lamambala nelamukelekako emphakathini mazombe. Kulilimi elisetjenziswa nguRhulumende neemBethamthetho, iinrhatjhi ngokuhlukahlukana kwazo nemiNyango yezeFundo. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 55

7.2 Iyini Irejista? AKWANDE MONGAMELI. SITHOKOZELA IVAKATJHO LAKHO. UNGABIZI UTITJHERAKHO NGOMNGANAKHO. UNGATJHO EBABELETHINI BAKHO NOFANA EBANTWINI ABAKHULU KUWE UKUTHI ‘NINA’ Soke sikhuluma ngendlela ehlukileko ebujameni obuhlukeneko. Ukutjhugutjhuguluka elimini kutjengisa okulandelako: • Ubujamo obuthileko. • Umnqopho wokukhulumisana/wokucocisana. • Ubudlelwano phakathi kwabamukelilwazi. Irejista mhlobo welimi osetjenziselwa umnqopho othileko nofana asetjenziswa ebujameni obuthileko bokuhlalisana. Nasikhulumako nofana nasitlolako siyazikhethela indlela esifuna ilimi lethu lihleleke ngayo. Ukukhethokhu yirejista es- ifuna ukuyisebenzisa. Ukukhethwa kwerejista efaneleko kudzimelele ezintweni ezintathu: abamukelilwazi, umnqopho nobujamo. Lokhu ngikho okusitjela bona sisebenzise irejista ehlelekileko nofana engakahleleki. Isibonelo, nawukhuluma endaweni ehlelekileko, umuntu okhuluma isikhethu nofana isiNdebele uzokunamathela ehlelweni elijanyisweko, aphimise amagama ngendlela efaneleko, akhethe amagama afaneleko (isib. mnakwethu> bhuti, dade > sesi, njll). Alise ukusebenzisa amagama an- gakahleki lokha nakakhuluma ebujameni obuhlelekileko. Udorhodera uzokukhuluma amagama nofana amathemu abawasebenzisa emsebenzinabo lokha nakakhuluma no- munye udorhodera kodwana angasebenzisa ilimi elijayelekileko nakakhuluma neengulani zakhe. Nakukhulunywa ngetswayi, usokhemisi angasebenzisa isirhunyezo esithi, i-‘NaCi’ nakatlola phasi kodwana uzokusebenzisa igama elithi, ‘itswayi’ nakakhuluma nomntwana omncani wekulisa. Indlela abakhuluma ngayo epalamende yindlela ehlelekile- ko; ukucoca phakathi kwabangani yikulumo engakahleleki. Irejista ihlathulula ukusetjenziswa kwamagama ahlukahlukeneko, isitayela, ihlelo, ukuphakama kwelizwi nephimbo manqophana nobujamo obuhlukeneko (isib. Imitlolo yomthetho/ehlelekileko itlolwa ngerejista esemthethweni bese iincwadi zobungani esikhathini esinengi zitlolwa ngerejista engakahleleki). Nasi isibonelo sobujamo obuhlelekileko lapho ungasebenzisa khona irejista ehlelekileko nofana engakahleleki. IREJISTA ENGAKAHLELEKI EHLELEKILEKO ABAMUKELILWAZI Phakathi kwabangani nomndeni Phakathi kweensebenzi nabaqatjhi. (ekuhlalisaneni kwabantu) (ebujameni obuhlelekileko) UMNQOPHO Ukuthabisa nofana ukwazisa. Ukutjengisa ihlonipho. Ukutlama/ ukugcina ubudlelwano Ukugcina ubudlelwano besikhundla obuhle. namandla. 56 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

UBUJAMO Nakutlolelanwa iincwadi Nakutlolwa iincwadi zomthetho, imitato zobungani/ nakucocwako emanqophana nezamabubulo, imibiko, iimemo, amaphepha womthetho, iinkulumo ezihlelekileko, iimemezelo ezenzizwa majaji, amaphepha wesondo, ukuhlungwa, njll. 7.3 IREJISTA ENGAKAHLELEKI: IKHOLOKHYALI NESIRHUMUTJHA Ikholokhyali lilimi elijayelekileko nofana elikhulnywa ekulumeni ejayelekileko. Kulilimi elingakahleleki kodwana elitha- thwa njengelamukelekako. Abantu basebenzisa ikholokhyali eengcenyeni ezinengi zamaphephandaba, emihlangan- weni yabosomabubulo engasisemthethweni, nakukhulunywa nabangani nofana abantu osebenza nabo. Kulilimi elikhu- lunywa ebujameni obutjhaphulukileko, ilimi elisetjenziswako nakugidingwako kukhulunywa iimfihlo nezinto ezisatjwako ngendlela elula, enqophileko nengenamkhawulo. Amagama nemitjhwana yekholokhyali • Imitjhwana yekholokhyali • Ungijayela kumbi. • Umntwami. • Uyangibhora. • Ukulahla ithawula. Umutjhwana ohlakaniphileko oveza iphuzu elinobuqiniso • Ikulumakho le iyangihlanyisa. • Ungiqale kuhle, angikabelethwa izolo. • Sisoke mngani. 7.0.2 Isirhumutjha Isirhumutjha–kulilimi elingasilo lomthetho (elingamukelekiko) elivame ukusetjenziswa siqhema sabantu, Isib. Abantu abatjha basebenzisa amagama athi, ‘gcwala’ nabo-‘ngimnandi’. Umehluko phakathi kokusebenzisa isirhumutjha nek- holokhyalizimu kukobana isirhumutjha lilimi elingakamukelwa njengekulumo ethobekileko nanyana ikulumo ehlelekile- ko, njeke ikholokhyalisimu sele kulilimi elamukelekileko elingasetjenziswa elimini elihlelekileko isib. (Kuqaleka kukuhle). Isirhumutjha ngiso esingakahleleki kunekholokhyali begodu sisebenzisa amagama nemitjho engathathwa njengengce- nye yelimi elisemthethweni. Ngokujayelekileko isirhumutjha sisetjenziswa malunga wesiqhema esithileko, njengelutjha nofana amalunga wesiqhema esithileko sobutjhaba nofana umsebenzi othileko. Amanye amagama wesirhumutjha ane- hlamba. • Zwakala (ligama lesitsotsi elihlathulula bona iza). • Jampas (ntambama/ebusuku). • Grand (kuhle/ikulungwana yamaranda). • Bucks (amaranda). • Uyabhora (awuzwisiseki). Okulandelako ziimbonelo zamatheksthi ajayele ukusetjenziswa njengelimi eliyikholokhyali nelisirhumutjha. • Iinkulumo ezimahlaya. • Iinkulumo ezingakahleleki. • Ekucocisananeni. • Emakhathunini. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 57

7.4 IJAGONI Igameli lihlathulula ikulumo nofana amathemu asetjenziswa emsebenzini nofana ebujameni obuthileko (Isib. Abaseben- zisa ikhomphyutha bakhuluma nge-‘CPU’, ‘i-RAM’, ikhondlwana nokhunye). Lokha ijagoni nayisetjenziselwa ukutjhiya ngaphandle abalaleli/abafundi ekuhlanganyeleni, ingazwisa ubuhlungu nofana ilimaze. Ijagoni magama asetjenziswa abe azwisiswe ngilabo bantu ababosolwazi nofana abazibandakanya ngokunqophileko eenqhemeni ezihlukeneko. Isibonelo: • Igama elithi ‘asikhambakhambe’ umuntu olisebenzisako uzokwazi bona lihlathulula ukuragela phambili. • Abantu abasebenza ngamakhomphyutha bayazwisisana lokha omunye nakakhuluma ngekhondlwana, i-CPU nofana i-RAM. • Abotitjhere bazokuzwisisana omunye nakakhuluma nge-TKZ. Amatshwayo wejagoni • Isebenzisa amagama amade nararako. • Isihlonipho: ukukha umrorho. • Amagama wefetjheni: ngizokugcwalisela. • Ukulula amagama: into eyendlalwa phasi. • Izenzo ezingatlhogeki: senza umsebenzi wezandla kunokobana uthi siyathunga nofana siyakha. • Ukusebenzisa izinto ezingasafunekiko: ukufaka amagama anganamsebenzi. IIMBONELO ZEJAGONI (Amagama nemitjho) Isiqhema ijagoni ihlathululo Ukusebenza Ukwenza lokho okufanele kwenziwe. Ukwenza okuthileko ngaphandle kobana utjelwe Ukukhuthalela bona ukwenze nofana ungakwenza. Abosomabubulo Iimfundiso Izinto ozifundileko lokha nawenza okuthileko. Kuqaliswe ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo nofana izinto Ukusebenziseka ezithileko. Kulokha umdlali onikelwe ikarada elisarulana I-sin bhini alinde ukubuyela ngetatawini. Kulokha abadlali nabadlulanako ngembalo, abanye Ukudlulela babathathu abanye babane. Umakhakhulararhwe Ukukhandela ukuthathwa kwebholo ngokubalekela Ukuretjha ehlangothini elinye. Ukuthoma umdlalo ngokugeda ibholo ngaphasi Ukuthoma kweenyawo zomdlali. Kulokha usofengwana nakabethe ifengwanakhe Ibholo efileko abadlali basalindele bona abatjele bonyana bangaragela phambili nokudlala. Yindawo eseduze namapala wakamendi Indawo eyingozi wesiqhema ekudlalwa naso. ibholo erarhwako Amanyathelo ambathwa badlali nabayokudlala Amakhokhsi ibholo. Kulokha umdlali nakathoma agijimela emdlalini Ukusahlela wesinye isiqhema afuna ukumumuka nofana ukumthathela ibholo. 58 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

7.5 ILimi, amandla nerejista • Amandla weenkhundla nakalinganako, ukubizana kuyafana: nangikubiza ngegama, nawe uzongibiza ngalo nofana ngesibongo nangesikhundla sakho, nawe uzongibiza njalo. • Amandla weenkhundla nakangalinganiko, ukubizana kuyakuhluka: udorhodera umbiza ngoDorh. Mthimunye kod- wana yena angakubiza ngoMhlekwa. • Nanijayele ukuhlangana, kusetjenziswa amagama wokudlalisa: Mhleks, Skhosi. • Naningakajayeli ukuhlangana ukubizana ngamagama akukavami (isib. unobhala weposweni nofana umtjhayeli webhesi ombona ngamalanga) uzombiza ngomnakwenu nofana ngodade nakumumuntu wengubo. • Nakunobudlelwano obuhle, kusetjenziswa iinciphiso zamagama namagama aveza imizwa yethando: Skhosi (Skho- sana), (Nathi) Kosinathi, Hlezi (Hleziphi). • Nakunobudlelwano obungasibuhle, kusetjenziswa ibizo lomuntu nakubizwanako, Thulari, Thandi, Sphenge. 7.6 Iintayela Ithemeli litjho imihlobo yelimi ehlukaniswe phakathi, isitayela esihlelekileko naleso esingakahleleki kuye ngekulumo ekhulunywako nofana ubujamo ekukhulunywa ngaphasi kwabo. Singakhuluma ngokuhlelekileko nofana sikhulume ngokungakahleleki, isitayela esisikhethako sidzimelele ebujameni esizithola sikibo. Iminyanya pheze esikhathini es- inengi ifuna ikulumo ehleleke ngendlela efaneleko; iinkulumo zemiphakathini zona azikahleleki ukuyaphi; ikulumo et- jhaphulukileko ayikakahleleki begodu nekulumo phakathi kweembotjhwa ngezinto ezingakaqakatheki ingaba yikulumo engakahleleki nofana engatjhejiko. Singalinga ukuhlobanisa izinga lokuhleleka elikhethweko ezintweni ezimbalwa nez- ilandelako: • Umhlobo womnyanya. • Umehluko okhona phakathi kwabahlanganyeli ngokokuhlalisana emphakathini, umnyaka wobudala nokhunye. • Umsebenzi othileko abaqalene nawo, isib. ukutlola nofana ukukhuluma nokubandakanyeka ngokwamazizo wom- untu ayedwa nofana inengi labahlanganyeli. (Wardhaugh, 1986: 48) Isitayela sihlathulula indlela ehlukileko nekhethekileko umtloli ahlela ngayo amagama ukobana azuze imiphumela ethile- ko. Isitayela kuhlekuhle sihlanganisa umbono ekufuze bona uvezwe umtloli ngamunye. Amahlelo la afaka hlangana ikhethomagama lomuntu ngamunye kanye neendaba ezinjalo ezifana nobude nesakhiwo somutjho, iphimbo nokuset- jenziswa kwetshimo. ISIGABA 8: ILIMI NAMASIKO 8.1 Liyini isiko? Isiko ziinkolelo, imikhutjana, amagugu, indlela yokwenza izinto nokuziphatha komphakathi, isitjhaba, abantu abathileko nofana isiqhenyana esithileko emphakathini lowo. Misetjenzana eminengi nemibono yeenqhema zabantu abanamasiko afanako adluliselwa naqinisekiswa malunga wesiqhemeso/isitjhabeso. Isib. Isiko lamaNdebele. Isiko kuveza amagugu wesitjhaba nofana wesiqhema esithileko ngendlela yobukghwari, yokuziphatha, yelembatho, njll. Isiko alikajami ndawonye kodwana liyatjhugutjhuguluka ngokukhamba kwesikhathi. Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwelimi nesiko? • Ilimi elisetjenziswa mphakathi othileko lihlobene khulu nesiko lomphakathi lowo. Isiko lomphakathi libunjwe zizinto ekufuze bona umuntu azazi nofana akholelwe kizo ukuze akghone ukwenza ngendlela eyamukeleka- ko emalungeni womphakathi ayingcenye yawo. • Ilimi elinye nelinye liyingcenye yesiko begodu lisebenza beliveze iimfuneko zesikwelo. • Ilimi nesiko zihlobene ngendlela yokobana angeze wazwisisa nofana ubuke okhunye ngaphandle kokuba nelwazi lokhunye. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 59

• Amalunga ahlukahlukeneko wemihlobo yabantu aveza imibono yenarha mazombe ngokusebenzisa amalimabo ngendlela ethileko. • Imifuziselo yokuphathelene namasiko itjengiswa khulukhulu ngelimi, isib. isaga sisetjenziselwa ukwethula indlela yokuphila ephasini, imicabango yomuntu nesenzeko esithileko, isib. Ukugijima kuphalwa kukhamba kancani - Koke lokhu kuletha iimfundo ezihle ngokuziphatha komuntu. 8.1.2 Ubujamo nesakhiwo sokufunda ngobudlelwano phakathi kwelimi namasiko Lokha nawufunda ngobudlelwano phakathi kwelimi namasiko kufuze bona utjheje okulandelako: itheminoloji, ilwaz- imagama/ukukhethwa nokusetjenziswa kwamagama ekulumeni nofana ekutloleni, izaga, ikulumo nofana isenzo esi- zilwako ngokwesiko elithileko, isihlonipho, ukuzithoba, ukulotjhisa, iminyanya, ikambiso elandelwako yamariyadlhana wesiko namkha wekolo nezitjho. Amaphuzu abalweko la anomthelela ngendlela abantu abahlukahlukeneko baveza ngayo imibonwabo mazombe ngamasiko ahlukeneko. Umsebenzi 19 1. Hlanganyela nomnganakho nofana bumbani isiqhema nicabange ngegama elithi, ‘isitjhebo’. Ngikuphi okufi- ka eengqondweni zenu ngegameli? Nikela eminye imihlobo yokudla ebizwa ‘ngesitjhebo.’ 2. Igama elithi ‘isitjhebo’ litholakala kiziphi iintjhaba? 3. Ngikuphi esifanele sikucabange lokha nasitjhugulula ikulumo siyisusa kelinye ilimi siyisa kelinye? 4. Cabanga ngezaga ezisetjenziswa elimini lesiNdebele. Lokha nawulinga ukutjhugulula izaga uzisusa ke- linye ilimi uzisa kelinye ungathola bona zilahla ummongwazo ngombana zihlathulula iinkolelo zemibono mazombe zamasiko wabantu. 8.1.3 Ezinye zeembonelo zamaphuzu welimi nokuhlalisana ezitjengisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwelimi namasiko Isiko nelwazimagama Abanye babosolwazi bamalimi bakholwa bona umbono wabantu ngesiko ubunjwa bewuvezwe yikulumo yamalunga walo, Isib. Abantu abama-Eskimo banamagama amade ahlathulula igabhogo o Ama-Eskimo – amagama amathathu atjho igabhogo (igabhogo ewako, igabhogo ewileko, igabhogo epake- leneko yaba lirhwaba). o IsiNdebele – igama elilodwa – (igabhogo) o Lobolo – isiNdebele- ubukhazi Asitjheje amagama alandelako sicabange nendlela abumba bekatjengise ngayo umbono wabantu ngeenkhulumi zama- lini ahlukahlukeneko. Isiko neenkolelo zokuzila • Ukuzila yikulumo nofana sisenzo esithileko ngokwesiko nofana ikolelo ethileko yabantu-kuzizinto okunga- khulunywa ngazo: ukubhalelwa ukunamathela emithethweni ebekiweko ephathelene nokuzilokhu kungenza bona ujeziswe nofana ufakelwe iinhloni emphakathini. • Amagama nofana izenzo ezizilwakwezi zisitjengiso esihle sobugugu neenkolelo zomphakathi. • Amagama neenhloko ezizilwako kungaba magama asetjenziswa nakwenziwa imilingo nofana magama ahlobene nezinto eziphambeneko, ukuya emsemeni nezitho zangemsitheleni ezisetjenziselwa ukubeletha, ukuhlambuluka nemithetho yezekolo. • Ngesinye isikhathi abantu abayilandeli imithetho ephathelene namagama azilwako la ngeenzathu ezilan- delako: o Ukusaba ukuzifakela amehlo, o Ukubonisa ukusilingeka, 60 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

o Ukulwa nokurhuga, o Ukudelela umthetho, o Ukubonisa ikululeko, njll. Isiko nokusetjenziswa kwesihlonipho • Ihlonipho yinto ehlelekileko ecocwa babantu lokha nabahlezi phasi. • Ihlonipho ivumela abantu bona bacoce ngezinto ezingasimnandi nofana ithundubaze lokhu okuyihlamba, isib. Ikulumo ngokufa nofana ngesifo, ubugebengu, ukutlhogeka kwemisebenzi, ubuchaka, ukukhubazeka, njll. Isiko nokuzithoba ekulumeni Umqondo wokuzithoba uqakatheke khulu ekulumeni enye nenye, khulukhulu ekulumeni evanga amasiko ahlukeneko. Lokha nasicocisana nabanye kufuze siliyelele isiko lakosobantu ngombana iindlela zokuziphatha ziyahluka esikweni ngalinye. ISIGABA 9: ILITHERESI EBONWAKO/ EBUKELWAKO NEKULUMO YAMATSHWAYO Amatheksthi abonwako asebenzisa ihlanganyela yamatshwayo abonwako (iinthombe ezithethwe ngekhamera, iinthombe ezinganamsikinyeko nemigwalo) amatshwayo wekulumo (amagama, ikulumo-pendulwano namatshwayo welimi) ukudlulisa umlayezo kubamukelilwazi. Ukuzwisisa itheksthi ebonwako kufuze uyifunde amahlandla amanengi. Thola umqondo oqakathekileko nendlela amatshwayo wokubukelwako nekukhulunywako asebenzisana ngayo. Caban- ga ngomnqopho wetheksthi nangendlela amaqhinga alinga ngayo ukudlulisa umlayezo kubamukelilwazi. Amatshwayo wokubonwako afaka hlangana izinto ezifana nehlangothi (i-engeli) lekhamera, umkhanyo, iinsetjenziswa ezikhethek- ileko, ibumbeko, isithombe esibuyelelwako, ukubuyelela, umbala, ubukhulu bamaledere, imigwalo, ukumadanisa, njll. Amatshwayo abonwako afaka hlangana izinto ezifana nemibuzo engafuni ipendulo, ukubuyelela, okurhabekileko, imit- jhwana emifitjhani, ikulumo-pendulwano, iphimbo, itjhada, amagama weengoma, njll. Abafundi kufuze bona bakghone ukurhumutjha itheksthi ebonwako ngokunqophisa kilokhu okulandelako: • Amaqhinga wokukwenzisa: Abafundi kufuze bona bazwisise indlela ilimi elithinta imizwa, lokwenzisa, elitjengi- sa ubuhlangothi nelikhohlisako linomthelela ngayo ehlathululweni. • Abafundi kumele bazwisise indlela ilimi neenthombe ezitjengisa bezibumbe ngayo nokuziphatha kwaban- tu: indlela iinthombe nelimi ezingaba nebandlululo ngayo kezobulili, ubutjhaba, iminyaka nofana lidzimelele ekuqiniseni ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi obucacileko, khulukhulu kezokukhangisa. • Abafundi bafuze bazi bebazwisise umthelela wokusetjenziswa komhlobo wamaledere nobukhulu bawo, iin- hloko neenhlokwana. • Abafundi bafuze bakghone ukutsenga, ukuhlathulula, ukuhlunga nokuphendula imihlobohlobo yamakhathuni/ amakhomikhi. • Iimbonelo zamatheksthi angasetjenziswa ngesifundo selitheresi ebonwako: iinkhangiso, amakhathuni, amawebhusayithi, iinthombe, njll. Abafundi abahlole amahlangothi alandelako: 1. Isakhiwo setheksthi. 2. Indlela umtloli adosa ngayo irhuluphelo lofundako. 3. Indima edlalwa misikinyeko etheksthini. 4. Indima edlalwa mibala etheksthini. 5. Ukusetjenziswa kwamaqhinga wokwenzisa njengelimi elithinta imizwa, ilimi elidlelezelako nelimi elitjengisa ubuhlangothi. 6. Indlela ilimi neenthombe ezitjengisa ngayo amagugu nendlela umuntu aziphatha ngayo (ibandlululo ngokobu- lili, ibandlululo ngokobutjhaba, ibandlululo ngokomnyaka, ukungathandi abantu nezinto ezithileko ngaphandle SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 61

kweenzathu neenkolelo ezinganabufakazi). 7. Ukusetjenziswa kwemihlobo yobukhulu nobuncani bamaledere. 8. Ukusetjenziswa kweenhloko neenhlokwana. Ngimaphi ama-elemende anqophileko wamatheksthi abonwako? Cabanga ngalokho okukudosako nofana okukurogela khulu esithombeni othoma ukusibona. Kungaba kuhlanganiswa kwemibala, zizinto ezingafaniko, balingisi, indlela abaziveza ngayo nelimi lamatshwayo wokusetjenziswa kwezitho zomzimba, isizinda, ukusetjenziswa komkhanyo nesithunzi, ukubekwa kwemibono engafaniko, ubukhulu bento obu- madanisekako. Ukusetjenziswa kwamahlangothi nakuthathwa iinthombe, ukusetjenziswa kwamatshwayo, abalingisi bamakhomikhi, njll. Ukutsenga amatheksthi abonwako • Lokha nawutsenga itheksthi ebonwako kuqakatheke khulu ukuyelela imibuzo elandelako: 1. Mhlobo bani wetheksthi? 2. Ngikuphi okuvezwa sithombesi? Itheksthi le iphathelene nani? 3. Uyini umnqopho wetheksthi le? Wazi njani? 4. Bobani abamukelilwazi itheksthi le enqotjhiswe kibo? Wazi njani? 5. Itheksthi le inamandla kangangani kubamukelilwazi? 6. Itlanywe bunjani? 7. Ngimaphi ama-elemende abonakala khulu kiyo? • Ngokudluleleko imibala ekhanyako, emajadujadu nokusetjenziswa kwamaledere ahlukahlukeneko kungabaka- ra abantu abatjha bekubathembise nezinto ezithabisako. • Imibala esithekileko, amaledere ahlukahlukeneko asisekelo nebumbeko elingatjhugutjhugulukiko nelingakara abantu abakhulu abasalandela ikambiso yakade yamagugu. • Umbala olihlaza sasibhakabhaka, obovu newerhawuda, amaledere enziwe iintayela nebumbeko elihle angas- etjenziswa ukurogela labo abanjingileko. • Tjheja amatshwayo wokubonwako nendlela anomthelela ngayo ekuhlathululeni itheksthi nependulo yomuntu ofunda itheksthi leyo. • Njengamatheksthi atlolweko, amatheksthi abonwako enziwa batlami bawo ukubumba ihlathululo nokuthinta imizwa abuye akare umbukeli. • Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kombukeli nalokho okubukelweko? • Itheksthi ebonwako le iwuphumelelisa bunjani umnqopho wayo? Ingabe itheksthi le inekghonakalo engangani yokobana ingathathwa njengetheksthi yokukhulumisana? • Tjheja amazizwakho wangalesosikhathi ngesithombe bese wenza irhubhululo elingeneleleko ngendlela ese- benza ngayo. 9.1 IKULUMO YOKUSEBENZISA AMATSHWAYO WOMZIMBA Umsebenzi 20 Phendula imibuzo engenzasi. 1. Ukhwela iteksi nofana ibhesi lokha nawuza esikolweni? 2. Ngimaphi amatshwayo owasebenzisako nawubawa ukukhwezwa? 62 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

3. Ingabe isiko lakho liyakuvumela bona uqale umuntu omkhulu ngemehlweni lokha nawukhuluma naye? Na- kungasinjalo, ucabanga bona lokho kwenza abantu bacabange ukobana awunakareko kilokho okukhuluny- wako nofana awuhloniphi? 4. Tjheja imihlobo ehlukeneko yamakhathuni bese uqala indlela izitho zomzimba ezisetjenziswa ngayo nom- thelela wazo ebudlelwaneni bokukhulumisana nabantu. Ikulumo yokusebenzisa amatshwayo wezitho zomzimba yikulumo erara khulu kodwana eyingcenye eqakathekileko yekulumiswano kodwana abantu abakangabi nalo ilemuko lamatshwayo wezitho zomzimba abawasebenzisako nab- acocisanako. Ilemuko elisisekelo lamaqhinga wokusetjenziswa kwamatshwayo wezitho zomzimba nakukhulunywako ngaphezu kwalokho okukhulunyweko kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenzisana nabanye. Ilwazi lamatshwayo la lin- gasiza ukukhuthaza abantu bona bakhulumisane ngezinto abazikhathalelako nokuzokwenza bona kube nokuzwisisana okukhulu kuye ngomnqopho wekulumiswano. Ukukhulumisana phakathi kwabantu akubandakanyi ihlathululo ebhamba kwaphela, ilwazi nofana umlayezo odluliswa- ko kodwana kutjho nemilayezo efihlakeleko okungaba ngamabomu nofana ingasingabomu ngezenzo ezenziwa kuset- jenziswa kwamatshwayo wezitho zomzimba. Ikulumo yokusebenzisa amatshwayo wezitho zomzimba ifaka hlangana ukusetjenziswa kwezitho zobuso, iphimbo nok- uphakama kwalo, amatshwayo atjengiswa kusetjenziswa kwezitho zomzimba nesilinganiso sebanga phakathi kwaban- tu abakhulumisanako. Amatshwayo wokukhuluma la anganikela umtlhala, ilwazi elingezelelweko nehlathululo engaphe- zu kwekulumo yomlomo. Ikulumo yokusebenzisa amatshwayo wezitho zomzimba isiza abantu bona: • Bangezelele nofana balungise lokho okutjhiwo magama. Isibonelo, abantu bangakhothamisa iinhloko nabavumako ukugandelela bona bavumelana nalokho okutjhiwo mumuntu loyo, kodwana ukuphakamisa amahlombe nobuso obungakatjhaphuluki nawuthi ‘kulungile’ kungatjho bona izinto azikakalungi. • Banikele ilwazi ngobujamo bemizwa yabo. • Bahlathulule nofana bangezelele ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu. • Banikele omunye umuntu umbiko obuyako. • Tjheja ukuthungelana kwekulumo, isibonelo, ngokutjengisa abanye bona baqedile ukukhuluma nofana ba- funa ukutjho okuthileko. • Ikulumo yokusebenzisa amatshwayo wezitho zomzimba ibunjwa matshwayo ahlukahlukeneko, imisikinye- ko yezandla namehlo, ubujamo namatshwayo wezitho zomzimba okufuze bona kurhunyutjhwe nekulumo ekhulunywako. Ikulumo yomzimba/ngomzimba nofana imisikinyeko yomzimba Imisikinyeko yomzimba ifaka hlangana ukusikinyeka kwezitho zomzimba, ubujamo, imisikinyeko yehloko nezandla nof- ana ukusikinyeka kwezitho zoke zomzimba. Imisikinyeko ingasetjenziswa ukwengeza nofana ukugandelela okutjhiwo mumuntu bekunikele nelwazi ngemizwa nokuziphatha komuntu kodwana kuyakghonakala bona imisikinyeko yomzimba le ingakhambisani nalokho okukhulunywako/okutjhiwoko. Umuntu otjhejako angakghona ukuyithola imitjhapho enje ezenzweni begodu ayisebenzise njengemitlhala yokwazi bona umuntu loyo kuhlekuhle uzizwa njani. Ama-emblemu: Amatshwayo asebenza umsebenzi ofanako negama abizwa ngalo. Isibonelo, amatshwayo atjho bona ‘kulungile’, ‘izapha!’ nofana umsikinyeko wesandla owenziwa mumuntu obawa ukukhwezwa ikoloyi. Nokho, tjheja bona nanyana amanye ama-emblemu aziwa iphasi mazombe, amanye kungafuneka bona ahlathululwe ngaphasi kobujamo bamasikwabo. Iintjengiso/iimboniso: Amatshwayo akhambisana namagama ukuveza nokuzwakalisa umlayezo oyikulumo abizwa ngeentjengiso/iimboniso. Isibonelo, umsikinyeko wesandla owenziwa ngokubuyelela itshwayo eliyindulungu namag- ama athi; ‘godu’ nofana nakakhomba ngehloko ehlangothini elithileko. Ukubonisa ithando: Lokhu bujamo bobuso nofana matshwayo atjengisa imizwa esiyizwako. Ngesinye isikhathi lokhu kwenzeka ungakalindeli begodu kungatjhayisana nalokho okukhulunywako. Amatshwayo afana nala anikela iqiniso ngemizwa yamambala yomuntu loyo. Amatshwayo alawulako: amatshwayo asetjenziswako ukunikela umbiko obuyako abizwa ngamatshwayo wokulawula, isibonelo ukuvuma ngehloko, amatjhada amancani anjengo ‘aah’, ‘mmh’ namatshwayo atjengisa ikareko nofana ukuba nesizungu. Amatshwayo wokulawula avumela omunye umuntu bona atjhugulule ikulumakhe ukutjengisa izinga lekare- ko nofana lokuvumelana. Ngaphandle kokuthola umbiko obuyako, inengi labantu liba nobudisi bokulonda ikulumo. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 63

Amatshwayo wokulinganisa: amatshwayo wokulinganisa zizenzo ezinganakulumo ezaneliswa ngezinye zeemfuneko njengokunghwaya nofana ukulungisa amarhalasi wamehlo angakahlali kuhle. Amatshwayo wokulinganisa angajamela ukutlhogeka kokuthileko okuphathelene nomkhumbulo womuntu njengokudla amazipho lokha nawungakatjhaphuluki. Nanyana lokhu kwenzeka umuntu angakatjheji, amatshwayo wokulinganisa la avame ukulawuleka eendaweni ezig- cwele abantu neendaweni ezingemsitheleni la bangatjhejwa khona babantu. Izenzo zokulinganisa esikhathini esinengi zikhambisana nokuba nevalo nobukhali. Ubujamo bomzimba Ubujamo bomzimba bungatjengisa imizwa yomuntu, ukuziphatha nehloswakhe. Irhubhululo liveza imihlobo eminengi yamatshwayo wobujamo neenhlathululo zakhona, njenga: Ubujamo bomzimba obuvulekileko nobuvalekileko: imihlobo emibili yobujamo bomzimba iveziwe, okubujamo obu- vulekileko nobuvalekileko okungatjengisa izinga lokuzithemba komuntu, isikhundla nofana ukwamukeleka kwakhe ko- munye umuntu. Umuntu ohlezi endaweni evalekileko angasonga izandla zakhe, aphambanise iinyawo nofana ahlale atjhigamele ngehlangothini laloyo acocisana naye. Ebujameni bomzimba obuvulekileko ulindele ukubona umuntu ahlezi aqalene nomuntu acocisana naye lo izandla zivulekile zihlezi phezu kwesitulo. Ubujamo obuvulekileko bungasetjen- ziswa ukuhlathulula ukwamukeleka nofana ikareko onalo emuntwini nekareko lokuzwa lokho akukhulumako, njengom- bana ubujamo obuvalekileko bungatjho ukungahlaliseki nofana ukungabi nekareko. 9.2 IKULUMO YAMATSHWAYO WOMZIMBA Iimbonelo ezimbalwa zemizwa ezingavezwa ngokuqala ubujamo bobuso zifaka hlangana: ithabo, ukutlhuwa, ukukwa- ta, ukurareka, ukungathandi into, ivalo, ukuhlangahlangana, ithabo, ikanuko, ukunyaza. Lokha nawuhlola ukukhuluma usebenzisa izitho zomzimba, yelela amatshwayo alandelako wamehlo: Ukuqala kwamehlo Lokha umuntu nakakuqala emehlweni nanicocisanako kuhlathulula bona unekareko begodu ulalele. Kodwana nakakudosele amehlo isikhathi eside lokho kungakwenza bona uthukwe. Ngakelinye ihlangothi, ukususa amehlo nokunande uqala eqadi kungatjho bona umuntu loyo uthikamezekile, akakahlaliseki nofana ulinga ukufihla imiz- wakhe yamambala. Ubukhulu behlavu yelihlo Okukodwa okufihlakeleko okulethwa mamehlo bukhulu beenhlamvu zamehlo. Lokha ileveli yomkhanyo nayilawula ukukhula kwehlamvu ngesinye isikhathi imizwa ingenza bona kube khona amatjhuguluko amancani ebukhulwini behlamvu yelihlo. Isibonelo, ukhe wezwa ‘ngamehlo wangekamurwini’ okuyihlathululo enikelwako lokho umuntu atjengisa imizwa yethando komunye umuntu. Ubujamo nemisikinyeko yomlomo Ubujamo nemisikinyeko kungaqakatheka nakutjhejwa ikulumo yezitho zomzimba. Isibonelo, ukuluma umlomo wanga- phasi kungatjho bona umuntu loyo uzizwa atshwenyekile, athukiwe nofana angakavikeleki. Ukuvala umlomo kungaba yindlela yokuzithoba lokha umuntu nakazamulako nofana nakakhohlelako kodwana kungaba yindlela ekhambisana nokungathabeli okuthileko. Ukumomotheka ngelinye lamatshwayo womzimba amahle kodwana kungatjho okunengi. Ukumomotheka kungaba ngokwamambala nofana kungasetjenziswa ukutjengisa ithabo ekungasilo, ukutshima nofana ukuphoqa. Lokha nawuhlola ikulumo yezitho zomzimba qala iindebe zomlomo ngokutjheja okulandelako: • Iindebe zomlomo ezihlanganisweko Iindebe zomlomo ezihlanganisweko zingaba sitjengiso sokungathandi okuthileko, sokungavumi nofana sokun- gathembi. • Ukuluma iindebe zomlomo Ngesinye isikhathi abantu baluma iindebe zomlomo lokha nabatshwenyekileko, bathukiwe nofana banegande- leleko langokomkhumbulo. • Ukuvala umlomo Lokha abantu nabafuna ukufihla imizwa bangavala imilomabo ukuze bangabonakali bamomotheka nofana bakhwinyisa. 64 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

• Umlomo oqaliswa phasi nofana phezulu Amatjhuguluko amancani emlonyeni angaba ziimbonakaliso zalokho umuntu akuzwako. Lokha umlomo nawuqa- liswe phezulu kancani kungatjho bona umuntu loyo uthabile nofana unethemba. Ngakelinye ihlangothi umlomo oqaliswe phasi kancani, ungaba sitjengiso sokudana, sokungavumi nofana sokutlitlitheka. • Ukuhlangana kwamehlo Ukuhlangana kwamehlo kuyingcenye eqakathekileko yezenzo ezinganakulumo. Ekusebenzisaneni kwabantu kudlala indima yezinto ezintathu: Ukunikela nokwamukela umbiko obuyako: ukuqala umuntu umtjele bona olaleleko uzwa lokho okukhulunywa nga- kho. Ukususa amehlo kungatjho bona awunakareko. Ukucocisana angeze kwaba ikambiso ehle nange olaleleko anande asusa amehlo kiloyo okhulumako. Ukuhlangana kwamehlo kungasetjenziswa ukwazisa okhuluma naye nasele kulithuba lakhe lokukhuluma. Lokhu kukhambisana nephuzu elitlolwe ngehla. Ukuhlangana kwamehlo kuvama ukuragela phambili nange umuntu alalele, kunokukhuluma. Lokha umuntu nakaqede ikulumakhe, uzokuqala kilo akhuluma naye ukutjengisa bona yena sele aqedile ukukhuluma. Nange umuntu angafuni ukungenwa emlonyeni, ukuhlangana kwamehlo kungab- alekelwa. Ukuhlangana kwamehlo kungasetjenziselwa ukukhuluma okuthileko ngobudlelwano phakathi kwabantu. Lokha nawunomuntu ongamthandiko, awuhlangani naye ngamehlo nobukhulu beenhlamvu zamehlo buba buncani. Ke- linye ihlangothi, ukugcinwa kokuhlangana ngamehlo okuhle kutjho ikareko nofana ukudosa umlingani. 9.3 AMALIMI AYIHLANGANISELA/AYI-PHARA (Paralanguages) • Ilimi eliyiphara litjho zoke izinto zephimbo kodwana ezingasiyingcenye yomlayezo wekulumo, kufaka hlangana ukuphakamisa iphimbo, ibelo namandla wokwethula umlayezo, iimphumuzi nokuzaza phakathi kwamagama. • Amatshwayo la angasetjenziselwa ukutjengisa imizwa ngalokho okukhulunywa ngakho. Ukugandelelwa kwamanye wamagama kungatjho bona umbiko obuyako uyatlhogeka nofana awa. 9.4 UKUTJHIDELANA NENDAWO YOMUNTU NGOKWAKHE (Proxemics) Isiko elinye nelinye linamaleveli ahlukahlukeneko wokutjhidelana amukelekako emihlotjeni ehlukeneko yobudlelwa- no, abantu bafunda amabanga la emiphakathini abakhulele kiyo. Emiphakathini yanamhlanjesi enamasiko ahlukah- lukeneko kuqakathekile ukuyelela amakhowudu amihlobohlobo wokungakhulumiko njengombana avezwa eenqhemeni ezihlukeneko zobutjhaba. Lokha umuntu nakalwisana nebanga elamukelekileko lomuntu, abantu bangazizwa banga- kaphephi nofana bangakavikeleki. Izenzo zabo zingenza bona abanye bazithathe ngenye indlela. Kunamabanga amane ahlobana nemihlobo emine yobudlelwano – ukutjhidelana khulu, ubudlelwano bomuntu ngok- wakhe, kuphathelene nokuhlalisana komphakathi nomuntu woke. Indawo yomuntu ayedwa: Ibanga elikujana ngilo elamukelekileko lendawo yomuntu ayedwa lokha nakacocisana nabanye. Ibangeli lisiza bona bakghone ukubonana, babone ubujamo bobuso nendlela amehlo aqalaza ngayo kanye nobujamo bezitho zomzimba. Ukulotjhisana ngezandla kwenzeka ngokutjheja indawo yomuntu ngokwakhe. Indawo yokuhlalisana kwabantu emiphakathini: Leli libanga elamukelekileko lokwenza irhwebo, isibonelo ukusebenza noke endaweni eyodwa nofana ngeminyan- ya yemisebenzini. Ukuhlala nakho kuqakathekile; ikulumiswano angeze yathathwa njengobudlelwano obuhlelekileko nange ukusebenzisana kwenzeka omunye ahlezi ngapha kwedeske omunye ahlezi ngale kwalo. Ukungezelela kilokho, nange indlela okuhlezwi ngayo ibonakala omunye ahlezi phasi bese kuthi omunye asikimile. Lokho kungaba nomuzwa wamandla. Kilomhlobo ikulumo kufuze izwakale ibe phezulu bese nokuhlangana kwamehlo kube khona, nakungasinjalo umbiko obuyako uzokuncipha nokuthintana kungaphela. Indawo yomuntu woke: abotitjhere neenkhulumi zabunqopha zikhuluma nabantu zingakatjhidelani nabo. Nakunjalo ukukhuluma usebenzisa izitho zomzimba kuyatlhogeka ukuze ikulumiswanenu iphumelele. Njengombana amatshwayo wobuso nawukude awabonakali, yeke izandla zisebenza khulu ukujamiselela ezinye izitho zomzimba. Imisikinyeko yehloko nayo iqakathekile nawumumuntu onelwazi lokuba sikhulumi esibunqopha nonelemuko ngamatjhuguluko nan- gendlela abonakala ngayo emuntwini okude. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 65

Ukuzwisisa amabanga la kukwenza bona ukghone ukutjhidelana nabanye ngeendlela ezingasabisiko nezifaneleko. Abantu bangathoma ukuzwisisa indlela abanye abazizwa ngayo ngabo nokobana umbonwabo uthini ngobudlelwano babo begodu nalokha nakufanele balungise izenzo zabo ngokufaneleko Ukucocisana:Ukucocisana: [Ithethwe ku:http:/thecosietypages.org] [Ithethwe ku:http:/thecosietypages.org] 89 66 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

[Ithethwe ku:http:/thecosietypages.org] Amandla elimini lamatshwayo [Ithethwe ku:http:/thecosietypages.org] Isazi sefilosofi uSandra Lee Barky ukhe watjheja wabona bona nawufuna ukubonisa ubulili bomuntu wengubo esikha- thini esinengi uzokusebenzisa umzimbakho utjengise ukungabi namandla. Isibonelo: • Umuntu wobulili bengubo uzokufuna ukuba nomzimba omatsikana nophathekako; wenza isiqiniseko soko- bana awubi mkhulu uthathe indawo enengi. • Ukhamba bekahlale ngendlela yokuzibutha. • Akagcwali indawo yoke nofana alalamele endaweni yomunye. Umsebenzi woku-1: Ikhathuni SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 67

Umsebenzi wangaphambi kokuzihlola Lokha nawutsenga ikhathuni kuqakatheke khulu ukuyelela imibuzo elandelako: 1. Ingabe itheksthi le inamthelela muphi kubamukelilwazi? 2. Ngikuphi okuvezwa yikhathuni le? Itheksthi le imanqophana nani? 3. Uyini umnqopho wetheksthi le? Wazi njani? 4. Bobani abamukelilwazi itheksthi le enqotjhiswe kibo? Wazi njani? 5. Itlanywe bunjani? (Qala ubukhulu bamagama nesakhiwo) 6. Ngimaphi ama-elemende abonakala khulu? 7. Tjheja amatshwayo wokubonwako nendlela anomthelela ngayo ehlathululweni yetheksthi nependulo yo- muntu ofunda itheksthi leyo. 8. Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kombukeli nalokho okubukelweko? 9. Itheksthi ebonwako le iwuphumelelisa bunjani umnqophayo? Ingabe itheksthi le inekghonakalo engangani yokobana ingathathwa njengetheksthi yokucocisana. Imibuzo 1.1 Tlola OKUBILI okubonakala efreyimini yoku-1 okusitjela bona umma lo usilingekile. (2) 1.2 Tlola urhunyeze okubonakala kusenzeka efreyimini yoku-1 neyesi-2. (2) 1.3 Kungebanga lani uSipho acabanga bona usidlhayela? (2) 1.4 Khetha ipendulo ekungiyo kezingenzasi. Iphimbo lakaSipho efreyimini yesi-2 lihlathulula bona … A usilingekile B uthabile C uyatshima (2) D urarekile 1.5 Ucabanga bona uyini unobangela wokungakhulumi kwabo efreyimini yesi-3? (1) 1.6 Nabegade unguSipho bewuzomtjela ummakho ngezinto ezingakuphathi kuhle? Sekela (1) isiqunto osithathako ngephuzu ELILODWA. [10] 68 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

Umsebenzi wesi-2: Ikhathuni Umsebenzi wangaphambi kokuzihlola Lokha nawutsenga ikhathuni kuqakatheke khulu ukuyelela imibuzo elandelako: 1. Ingabe itheksthi le inamthelela muphi kubamukelilwazi? 2. Ngikuphi okuvezwa sithombesi? Itheksthi le imanqophana nani? 3. Uyini umnqopho wetheksthi le? Wazi njani? 4. Bobani abamukelilwazi itheksthi le enqotjhiswe kibo? Wazi njani? 5. Itlanywe bunjani? (Qala ubukhulu bamagama nesakhiwo) 6. Ngimaphi ama-elemende abonakala khulu? 7. Tjheja amatshwayo wokubonwako nendlela anomthelela ngayo ehlathululweni yetheksthi nependulo yo- muntu ofunda itheksthi leyo. 8. Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kombukeli nalokho okubukelweko? 9. Itheksthi ebonwako le iwuphumelelisa bunjani umqopho wayo? Ingabe itheksthi le inekghonakalo engangani yokobana ingathathwa njengetheksthi yokucocisana? Imibuzo 2.1 Tlola bona ilizwi elisetjenziswe efreyimini yoku-1 le lizwakala linjani? (1) 2.2 Ingabe igama elithi, ‘vukani’ elivezwe efreyimini yesi-2 ngehla lihlathululani? (1) 2.3 Rhunyeza utlole ihlathululo yamatshwayo abonakala asenzeka efreyimini yesi-3. (2) 2.4 Hlathulula ubujamo bomzimba wakadade osefreyimini yesi-2. (2) 2.5 Ucabanga bona uyini unobangela wokobana udade osefreyimini yesi-3 le abize abantu akhuluma (2) nabo ngamaqhakazana? 2.6 Tshwaya ngendlela umtlami wekhathuni le asebenzise ngayo ilimi efreyimini yesi-2. (2) [10] SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 69

Umsebenzi wesi-3: Ikhathuni Umsebenzi wangaphambi kokuzihlola Lokha nawutsenga ikhathuni kuqakatheke khulu ukuyelela imibuzo elandelako: 1. Ingabe itheksthi le inamthelela muphi kubamukelilwazi? 2. Ngikuphi okuvezwa yikhathuni le? Itheksthi le iphathelene nani? 3. Uyini umnqopho wekhathuni? Ukwazi njani lokho? 4. Bobani abamukelilwazi ikhathuni le enqotjhiswe kibo? Ukwazi njani lokho? 5. Itlanywe bunjani ikhathuni le? (Qala ubukhulu bamagama nesakhiwo) 6. Ngimaphi ama-elemende/ amagama abonakala khulu? 7. Tjheja amatshwayo wokubonwako nendlela anomthelela ngayo ehlathululweni yekhathuni le nependulo yo- muntu ofunda itheksthi leyo. 8. Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kombukeli nalokho okubukelweko? 9. Itheksthi ebonwako le iwuphumelelisa bunjani umnqophayo? Ingabe itheksthi le inekghonakalo engangani yokobana ingathathwa njengetheksthi yokucocisana? Imibuzo 3.1 Tlola OKUKODWA okubonakala efreyimini yoku-1 okutjengisa bona ubaba lo uthukiwe. (1) 3.2 Tlola into eyenza bona umma osefreyimini yesi-4 athule. (1) 3.3 Rhunyeza utlole indlela umma osefreyimini yoku- 1 avezwe ngayo. (2) 3.4 Hlathulula indlela ekufuze bona abantu abamapholisa baziphathe ngayo lokha nabasiza (2) umuntu nofana umphakathi. 3.5 Ucabanga bona ukuziphatha kwakababa osefreyimini yesi-3 kusitjelani ngaye? (2) 3.6 Tshwaya ngephimbo elizwakaliswa magama asetjenziswe efreyimini yesi-4. (2) [10] Ukuzihlola Madanisa amagama angenzasi neenhlathululo zawo. 70 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

Amaphuzu wokuYeleliswa Iinhlathululo Amatshwayo kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi (YSL) Ipikiswano Amagugu - imithetho nofana iindlela zokuziphatha; ukuzihlulela A komuntu ngalokho okuqakathekileko epilweni, imikghwa elungileko. Ukuzicabangela Ukudlelezela - mthetho onzinzileko (esikhathi esinengi B uyadlelezela) umuntu umbona ngendima ethileko alindelwe bona ayidlale (isib. Umuntu wengubo, amaphandle, iintjhaba ezithileko). Ummoya umuntu enza ngayo Mbono onzinzileko ngendima efanele idlalwe mumuntu othileko C izinto ukusuka esifundeni nofana enarheni ethileko ukuya kenye. Ukuthatha ihlangothi/ Isirhumutjha - lilimi elingasilo langokomthetho (elingakamukelwa) D ubuhlangothi elivame ukusetjenziswa siqhema sabantu, abanjengabantu abatjha abasebenzisa amagama anjengokuthi ‘gcwala’ nabo- ‘ngimnandi’.Umahluko phakathi kokusebenzisa isirhumutjha nekholokhyalizimu kukobana isirhumutjha kulilimi elingakamukelwa njengekulumo enesithunzi nanyana ikulumo ehlelekileko, njeke ikholokhyalizimu sele kulilimi elamukelekileko elingasetjenziswa elimini elihlelekileko, isib. (Kuqaleka kukuhle). Ikholokhyali Ukungathelelani amanzi nanyana ukwahlulela umuntu, isiqhema, E umkhumbulo othileko nanyana isizathu. (Ikholokhyalizimu) Ihlathululo enqophileko Izindlekelo – ukungabekezeli nanyana ukwahlulela kwangaphambili F okwenziwa emntwini ngamunye isiqhema umbono nanyana unobangela. Ubujamo Liphimbo lomuntu odemba indatjana. (isib. umehluko ungenziwa G phakathi komuntu wokuthoma okhulumako-Mina (omlingisi endatjaneni) – nomuntu wesithathu umtloli ambiza ngokuthi ngu- yena nofana bona) nofana Yindlela umlingisi abona ngayo izinto ezikhambisana nezinto ezisenovelini nofana emdlalweni nofana Yindlela ethileko yokucabanga ngezinto nofana ukwahlulela ubujamo obuthileko, isib. nawuqala ubujamo bezomnotho, izinto ezitja zizokuza nobuhle obukhulu endaweni le. Okhunye godu mibono yomuntu ngokwakhe nofana indlela angayo kezinye izinto, isib. Ngihlonipha umbonwakho kodwana anginaso isiqiniseko sokobana ngivumelana nawe. Ukutshwaya Lilimi elisetjenziselwa ukulawula nofana ukukhohlisa abantu H ukuthola lokho abufunako. Ilimi elikhohlisako linqotjhiswe ekutholeni inzuzo nofana ekutholeni inzuzo ngokudlelezela abanye, isib. Imikhangiso, ukukhuluma ngokuthengiswako, iinkulumo zepolotiki – Ilimi (nanyana ihlathululo) esetjenziswako nakukhulunywa ngelimi, isib. Itshimo, Irhwala, ifanatjhada. nofana Lilimi elinqotjhiswe ekutholeni inzuzo ngendlela engakafaneli nofana ngokudlelezela abanye, isib. Imikhangiso, ukukhuluma ngokuthengiswako, iinkulumo zezepolotiki. Ihlathululo enqophileko Umahluko welimi – umahluko welimi utholakala lokha I amatjhuguluko welwazimagama nakamancani, isakhiwo. Ibandlululo Ukufumana ihlathululo ngokubumba umbono ngento ethileko J nofana ukuthola ihlathululo ngalokho okukhulunywako nokutjho bona kumayelana nani. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 71

Amaphuzu wokuYeleliswa Iinhlathululo Amatshwayo kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi (YSL) Ilimi elithinta imizwa Into ecatjangelwako ngaphandle kokwenza isiqiniseko K nofana ubufakazi nofana elinganiswako etheksthini kodwana engakakhulunyiswa ngokunqophileko nofana ihlathululo elinganiswa yitheksthi kodwana engakakhulunywa bhamba, isib. ‘li-iri letjhumi’, lokhu kungatjho bona omunye lo uladelwe. Ihlathululo ebhamba Ingabonisa bona kuliqiniso isib. Ibizo lomtloli/umkhiqizi/umuntu L owenza umsebenzi wobukghwari, ibizo lencwadi/lomsebenzi wobukghoni. Amaphuzu Ihlathululo ebekwa bhamba nanyana ngokunqophileko. M Ikulumo engakabekwa Ilimi elivusa imizwa enamandla. N bunqopha Ukucabangela Ukusetjenziswa kwamandla ukutjhugulula imizindlo bona ibe O zizenzo. Izenzo/ imikhuba yamalungu wesiqhema esinamandla alimazako emalungwini wesiqhema esingaphasi/esinganamandla. Imihlobo yamalimi Ihlathululo ebhamba/enqophileko yegama. P Ilimi elidlelezelako/ Ihlathululo ezeleko nanyana ukuhlolwa kwento ethileko Q lokwenzisa njengeenkolelo zepolitiki. Iphimbo lomcoci/ Itheksthi ngaso soske isikhathi isetjenziswa beyikhiqizwe ngaphasi R kobujamo obuthileko; ubujamobo bufaka hlangana ububanzi lomdembi nobujamo bakhonokho obunjengesndlalelo sezokuhlalisana kwabantu, amasiko nezepolitiki; ithemeli lingatjho into eza maqangi nanyana ingalandela igama nofana itheksthi begodu iqakathekile ehlathululweni yalo. Imibono Iinhlathululo eziphakanyiswa ligama isib. Ukuzimuka kungaba S nehlathululo ehle njengokuthandwa, ukuhlaliseka kamnandi, ukuthaba bese ukuba ngumafutha kungaba nomlayezo omumbi. nofana Ubudlelwano bobubili obuvumako nobulandula igama elibumumathako ngendlela elisetjenziswa ngayo leqele ngale kwehlathululo yalo ebhamba/enqophileko. Ukuzindla/izindlekelo Ilimi nofana amagama asetjenziswa esikhathini esinengi T ekulumeni engakahleleki yesirhumutjha kunasekulumeni etlolweko nofana ekulumeni elungiselelweko isib. yiphose lapho (ikholokhyali) kunokobana uthi ‘ngibawa uyibeke lapho’ (ikulumo ehlelekileko) nofana Ilimi labantu abajayelekileko nofana ikulumo ejayelekileko kodwana engasetjenziswa ekulumeni ehlelekileko. Isirhumutjha Umbono ngokobana into yihle nofana yimbi okwenza ithonya U ekusebenzeni ngayo. Izindlekelo Amazizwakho nanyana umbono ngomunye umuntu nofana V ngokuthileko. Amagugu Into ocabanga bona iliqiniso nalokha unganasiqiniseko sayo. W nofana Ikolelo esetjenziswa njengesisekelo somqondo kodwana esingeze saba liqiniso. Kufaka hlangana indlela yokutlama isibawo bese X basifakazele ngokusebenzisa iinzathu ezifaneleko, iimbonelo namarhubhululo, isib. Ukuvikela imibonwakho. 72 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

Amaphuzu Iinhlathululo Amatshwayo wokuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi (YSL) Ipikiswano ukuzicabangela Ummoya umuntu enza ngawo izinto Ubuhlangothi Ikholokhyali (Ikholokhyalizimu) Ihlathululo enqophileko Ubujamo Tshwaya Ihlathululo ebhamba Ibandlululo Ilimi elithinta imizwa Ihlathululo ebonakalako Amaphuzu Ihlathululo engakanqophi Ukuthatha isiqunto Imihlobo yamalimi Ilimi lokwenzisa Ilizwi lomcoci/lomdembi Imibono Izindlekelo Isirhumutjha Ukudlelezela Amagugu Imemorandamu yokuzihlola Amaphuzu Iinhlathululo wokuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi (YSL) Ipikiswano W. Kufaka hlangana indlela yokutlama umbango bese uwufakazela ngokusebenzisa umkhumbulo ofaneleko, iimbonelo nerhubhululo, isib. Ukujamela imibonwakho. Ukuzicabangela V. Into ocabanga bona iliqiniso nalokha unganasiqiniseko salokho. nofana Ikolelo esetjenziswa njengesisekelo somqondo kodwana esingekhe saba liqiniso. Ummoya umuntu enza U. Amazizwakho nofana umbono ngomunye umuntu nofana into. ngawo izinto Ubuhlangothi/ T. Umbono ngokobana into yihle nofana yimbi, ithonya indlela umuntu asebenza Ukuthatha ihlangothi ngalo. SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 73

Amaphuzu Iinhlathululo wokuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi (YSL) Ikholokhyali S. Ilimi nofana amagama asetjenziswa ekulumeni engakahleleki kunasekutloleni nanyana ekulumeni ehlelekileko, isib yiphose lapho (Ikholokhyalizimu) (Ikholokhyalizimu) kunokobana uthi ngibawa uyibeke lapho (ikulumo ehlelekileko) nofana Ilimi labantu elijayelekileko nofana ikulumo ejayelekileko kodwana engasetjenziswa ekulumeni ehlelekileko. Ihlathululo enqophileko R. Ihlathululo ephakanyiswa ligama isib. Ukuzimuka kunehlathululo ehle enjengokuba muhle, uzigedlile, uthabile bese ukuba sidudla kunehlathululo embi. nofana Ubudlelwano bobubili obuhle nobumbi igama elibumumathako ngokusetjenziswa kwalo bufikelela ehlathululweni enqophileko (esisekelo). Ubujamo Q. Itheksthi esikhathini esinengi isetjenziswa begodu yenziwa ngaphasi kobujamo obuthileko. Ubujamobo bufaka hlangana ububanzi nobujamo banje okufaka hlangana izinto ezinjengezokuhlalisana, amasiko nesendlalelo sezepolotiki. Ithemu le ingatjho godu lokho okuthomako nofana okulandela igama nofana itheksthi begodu ihlathululo yakho iqakathekile. Ukutshwaya P. Ihlathululo ezeleko nofana ukuhlolwa kwento ethileko njengeenkolelo zepolotiki. Ihlathululo ebhamba O. Ihlathululo ebhamba nofana esisekelo yegama. Ihlathululo enqophileko yegama. Ibandlululo N Ukusetjenziswa kwamandla ukutjhugulula izindleleko bona libe zizenzo. Izenzo/ukwenza kwamalungu wesiqhema esinamandla esiba nomthelela omumbi emalungwini wesiqhema esingaphasi. Ilimi elithinta imizwa M Lilimi elivusa imizwa enamandla. Ihlathululo enqophileko L. Ihlathululo ebhamba nenqophileko. Amaphuzu K. Ingakhomba ukuba neqiniso isib. Igama lomtloli/umkhiqizi/ibizo lencwadi/ lomsebenzi. Ihlathululo J. Ihlathululo engakanqophi ekhulunywa yitheksthi kodwana engakakhulunywa engakanqophi kuhle, isib. Li-iri letjhumi lokho kungatjho bona umuntu uladelwe nofana itjho into ekhulunyiswe etheksthini kodwana ingasi ngokunqophileko. Ukuthatha isiqunto I. Ukufumana ihlathululo ngokubumba umbono ngento ethileko nofana ukuthola ihlathululo ngalokho okukhulunywako nokutjho bona kumnqophana nani. Imihlobo yamalimi H. Imihlobo yamalimi itholakala lokha nakunamatjhuguluko amancani enzeka elimini nesakhiweni. Ilimi lokwenzisa G. Ilimi elinqotjhiswe ekutholeni ithonya nofana inzuzo engakafaneli phezu kwabanye, isib. Ekukhangiseni nofana eenkulumeni zezepolotiki – ilimi nofana ihlathululo) esetjenziswa ekulumeni, isib. Itshimo, irhwalala, ifanatjhada. nofana Ilimi elinqotjhiswe ekutholeni inzuzo ngokungakafaneli nanyana ithonya ngaphezu kwabanye, isib. Iinkhangiso, ikulumo yokuthendisa, iikulumo zezepolotiki. 74 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

Amaphuzu Iinhlathululo wokuYeleliswa kokuSetjenziswa kweLimi (YSL) Ilizwi lomcoci/lomdembi F. Ilizwi lomdembi wendatjana (isib. Umehluko ungenziwa phakathi komuntu woku-1 okhulumako – “Ngi” (omlingisi endatjaneni) – nomuntu wesithathu, umtloli ambiza ngo “yena” nofana “bona”) nofana Ubunjalo bokubonakala kwezinto ngokuya komlingisi enovelini nofana emdlalweni. nofana Indlela ethileko yokucabanga nofana yokwahlulela ubujamo, isib. Ngokuqalelela ubujamo bezomnotho, ituthuko etja izokusiza idorobha khulu. Godu umbono womunye nofana ngendlela umuntu aziphatha ngayo, isib. Ngiyawuhlonipha umbonwakho kodwana anginasiqiniseko sokobana ngivumelana nawe. Imibono E. Lezi ziintatimende ezinganabufakazi. Ngilokho umuntu akholelwa kikho – angeze kwabonisa ukuba liqiniso nofana akusilo iqiniso. Izindlekelo D. Izindlekelo – ukungabekezeleli into nofana ukunikela isahlulelo ngaphambili uphikisane nomuntu munye, isiqhema, umqondo nofana unobangela othileko. Ilimi lesirhumutjha C. Ilimi elingasilo langokomthetho elisetjenziswa siqhema sabantu, abanjengabantu abatjha abasebenzisa amagama anjengokuthi ‘gcwala’ nabo-‘ngimnandi’. Umahluko phakathi kokusebenzisa isirhumutjha nekholokhyalizimu kukobana isirhumutjha kulilimi elingakamukelwa njengekulumo enesithunzi nofana ikulumo ehlelekileko, njengoba ikholokhyalizimu sele kulilimi elamukelekileko elingasetjenziswa elimini elihlelekileko isib. (Kubonakala kukuhle). Ukudlelezela B. Umthetho onzinzileko (esikhathini esinengi uyadlelezela) ombono ngendima umuntu othileko alindele bona ayidlale (isib. Umuntu wengubo, umuntu oliphandle, abantu benarha ethileko) Amagugu A. Ikambisolawulo nofana amazinga wokuziphatha; ilemuko lomuntu ngezinto eziqakathekileko epilweni namazinga wokuziphatha kuhle. I-ANEKSTJHA A: Ihlanganyela yehlelo lemibuzo etshwaya ngelihlo elihlabako itheksthi (yezomlomo nalokho okutlol- wa phasi) Imibuzo etshwayako engatjhejwa • Uyini umnqopho womtloli/womdembi? • Itheksthi izokuba namuphi umthelela kiloyo oyifundako/oyilaleleko? • Ngimiphi imibono umtloli/umdembi ayitjhoko? • Uyini umbono womtloli/womdembi? • Ngibuphi ubuhlangothi umtloli/umdembi anabo? • Ngiziphi iimfundo ezitjengisa ukuba namandla etheksthini? • Ngikuphi okungakavezwa nofana okungatjho litho etheksthini? • Ngikuphi ukuzicabangela ngabafundi okuvezwe etheksthini? • Ngiziphi iinkolelo, ukuzicabangela, okulindelweko nokufuze bona kuqalwe bafundi ukuthola ihlathululo etheksthini? • Ingabe ubugugu, imibono nekareko yomtloli/yomdembi kunomthelela muphi etheksthini? • Ingabe ilwazi nemicabango evezwe beyajanyelwa inamuphi umthelela ebujameni bomfundi/bombukeli/ bomlaleli? SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 75

• Ngibuphi obunye ubujamo obungasetjenziswa? • Ngimiphi imibono okunokwenzeka bona ilisiwe? (Isuselwe kilaba-uFairclough,1989, lankshear et al ,1997, Caldas coulthard v&holland 2000 and Ludwig, 2003) I-ANEKSTJHA B: Iimbonelo zemibuzo engasiza abafundi ngomnqopho wokufunda ngendlela ilimi elisetjenziswe ngayo etheksthini. Tlola zoke izenzo ezihlathulula ukwenza okuqaliswe esiqhemeni/emlingisini. Tlola woke amabizo ahlathulula isimilo nofana ubujamo besiqhema. Kungebangalani basitjho njalo? Kubayini basebenzise igameli bangakasebenzisa elinye? Kubayini kusetjenziswe isikhatheso? Kukhulunywa ngobani/ngani? Kukhulunywa bunjani ngomunye umuntu kutjho bona ngiziphi iimphawulo nofana amabizo akhambisana naloyo muntu? Ngiziphi izenzo ezikhambisana no-X? Ngiyiphi indlela yesenzo ekhethweko-Ingabe ngevumako? Ekatelelako? Ebuza imibuzo? Ngiziphi iindlela zesenzo ezikhethweko? Ngiziphi izabizwana zamambala ezikhethweko? Umtloli uthini ngaye, ngokumunyethweko nangaloyo ofundako? Ngiliphi ilwazi elikhethelwe ubujamo bokuthoma? Ngiziphi iinhlanganisi ezisetjenzisweko? (Isuselwe kuKristine Brown 1999) Isiphetho Ingabe ukuyeleliswa kokusetjenziswa kwelimi kungathuthukiswa bunjani ukobana kube nomthelela omuh- le ngetlasini? Kungathuthukiswa ngokobana kusetjenziswe imisebenzi enqophileko yokukhulumisana enqotjhiswe ehlathululweni nenikela abafundi amathuba wokusebenzisa ilimeli ebujameni bamambala (Littlewood 2003). Kungathuthukiswa ngemisebenzi eenqotjhiswe ekuthuthukeni kwekulumo (isib. ukuthola/ukunikelwa ithuba lokuse- benzisa ikulumo ethobileko nawubuza iinkombandlela emntwini). Ukuyeleliswa kokusetjenziswa kwelimi kungathuthukiswa lokha imisebenzi nayinqotjhiswe ekuthuthukiseni ikulumo nelemuko ekusebenziseni umkhumbulo lokha nakukhulunyiswanako. 10. IRHERHO LEENCWADI EZISETJENZISWEKO Three types of power http://www.thelearnerroom.co.uk/showthread.php?t=1283612 Fairclough, N. (2001) Language and Power. Introduction (pp. 1-5); What is Powerless Language? http://www.cob.niu.edu/accylpdc/blog/index.php/2012/04/powerless-language-are-your-words-holding-you-back/ Language and power 76 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

http://www.revisionworld.co.uk/a2-level-level-revision/english-language/language-and-power Ludwig, C. (2003) “Making sense of literacy”. In Newsletter of the Australian Literacy Educators’ Association, February 2003. Accessed online on 10 September 2003: http://www.alea.edu.au/docs/ludwig.pdf#search=%22Freebody%20and%20Luke%22 Ali Shamim. Critical Language Awareness in Pedagogic Context, Department of English, National University of Mod- ern Languages H-9, Islamabad, Pakistan) Chileno Miguel Farias: Critical language awareness in foreign language learning, Universidad de Santiago) Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement: English First Additional Language Grades 10 – 12 Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement: English Home Language Grades 10 – 12 Knell Donna.The Role of Visual Literacy to Enhance Social Studies Monareng R.R.M. The Critical Language Awareness Perspective within the English Second Language Teacher Development: The International Journal of the Humanities. Volume 5 Schrank Jeffrey. The Language of Advertising Claims Suggett Paul. The 10 Most Powerful Words in Advertising: Discover the 10 Words That Bring You Results. Paul Suggett, About.com Guide Language and power “http://www.universalteacher.org.uk/lang/power.htm” \o Register in Singaporean Secondary Education English Textbooks: Hikyoung Lee. Korea University English Handbook and Study Guide Fundamentals of English: Frances, Russel Matthews: Phoenix Education The Wisdom of the Tsonga-Shangaan People: Hp Junod: Discourse: Trish, And Barbara Barkhuizen English - Persuasive Techniques by Bronterae, Nov. 2008 Info@Medialiteracyproject.Orgwww, Universal www.resourcebank.Curriculum. Edu.Au The Value of Enhancing Learner’s Critical Language Awareness of Discourse by Phillip Shigeo Brown Emotive Language: Sandra Claassen Language and Power in English Texts Developing Critical Literacy Change my mind teacher guide BLAKE EDUCATION 2010PERSUASIVE TEXTS WWW.HSC Literacy gains 2009 Language and power in the family: Susan How to Identify Liberal Media Bias by Brent H. Baker, Vice President for Research and Publications at Media Re- search Center. https://www.det.nsw.edu.au/eppcontent/glossary/app/resource/factsheet/4115.pdf http://www.studyit.org.nz/subjects/english/english1/11/subjectcontent/Reading%20visual%20text/ http://homework.answers.com/study-methods/5-reasons-historical-context-is-important SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE 77

An African-American Chronology of Important Dates http://www.infoplease.com/spot/bhmtimeline.html Asian American Experience In The U.S.: A Chronological History: 1763-1992http://www.askasia.org/image/maps/ t000015.htm Welcome to the Chinese American History Time Line http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_American_history Timeline for Native American History http://www.shmoop.com/native-american-history/timeline.html A Short History of Immigration Laws http://www.crf-usa.org/immigration/lessons-1-and-2.html Latino and Hispanic History http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans http://www.discoveryeducation.com/teachers/free-lesson-plans/understanding-stereotypes.cfm http://homeworktips.about.com/od/historyhomework/p/historicalcontext.htm The grammar book: an ESL /efl teachers’s course Marriane Celce-Murcia, Dianne Lasen-Freeman Language and power: Norman Fairclough Your own words: Judith wainright and Jackie Hutton Thomas nelson and sons publishers 1992 78 SECOND CHANCE MATRIC SUPPORT PROGRAMME | ISINDEBELE

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