Trig Functions — Grade 12 Mathematics Notes

Comprehensive CAPS-aligned study notes for Trig Functions in Grade 12 Mathematics. Browse the sections below to find detailed explanations, worked examples, and exam preparation material.

Sections in Trig Functions

Graphs of Trigonometric Functions

Graphs of Trigonometric Functions Trigonometric functions produce some of the most recognisable curves in mathematics. The three basic trig functions, sine, cosine and tangent, each have a unique…

Effect of a: Amplitude

Effect of a: Amplitude The parameter $a$ in the general trig equation controls how tall or short the graph appears. It stretches or compresses the graph vertically and can also reflect it across the…

Effect of q: Vertical Shift

Effect of q: Vertical Shift The parameter $q$ in the general equations $y = a\sin(b(x - p)) + q$, $y = a\cos(b(x - p)) + q$, and $y = a\tan(b(x - p)) + q$ produces a vertical shift of the entire…

Effect of b: Period

Effect of b: Period The parameter $b$ in the general trig equations controls the horizontal compression or stretch of the graph, which directly determines the period — the interval length needed for…

Effect of p: Horizontal Shift

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What is covered in Trig Functions for Grade 12 Mathematics?

The Trig Functions section covers all key concepts from the Grade 12 Mathematics CAPS curriculum, including detailed explanations, worked examples, and exam preparation tips.

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Our Trig Functions notes are CAPS-aligned and include worked examples, common mistakes to avoid, and exam tips — everything you need to prepare for your Grade 12 Mathematics exams.

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Trigonometry: Sine, Cosine and Area Rules

Effect of p: Horizontal Shift (Phase Shift) The parameter $p$ in the general equations $y = a\sin(b(x - p)) + q$, $y = a\cos(b(x - p)) + q$, and $y = a\tan(b(x - p)) + q$ produces a horizontal shift…