Trigonometry: Sine, Cosine and Area Rules — Grade 12 Mathematics Notes

Comprehensive CAPS-aligned study notes for Trigonometry: Sine, Cosine and Area Rules in Grade 12 Mathematics. Browse the sections below to find detailed explanations, worked examples, and exam preparation material.

Sections in Trigonometry: Sine, Cosine and Area Rules

Right-angled Triangles

Right-angled Triangles Before tackling the sine rule, cosine rule, and area rule for any triangle, we must first master the trigonometry of right-angled triangles. In a right-angled triangle, one…

The Area Rule

The Area Rule The formula $\text{Area} = \frac{1}{2} \times \text{base} \times \text{height}$ works well for any triangle when the perpendicular height is known or easy to calculate. However, in many…

The Sine Rule

The Sine Rule The Sine Rule (also called the Law of Sines) is a fundamental relationship that connects the sides of any triangle with the sines of their opposite angles. Unlike SOHCAHTOA, which only…

The Cosine Rule

The Cosine Rule The Cosine Rule (also called the Law of Cosines) is a generalisation of the Theorem of Pythagoras. While Pythagoras only works in right-angled triangles, the Cosine Rule works in all…

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The Trigonometry: Sine, Cosine and Area Rules section covers all key concepts from the Grade 12 Mathematics CAPS curriculum, including detailed explanations, worked examples, and exam preparation tips.

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Solving Problems in Two and Three Dimensions

Solving Problems in Two and Three Dimensions Everything you have learned about the Sine Rule, Cosine Rule, and Area Rule comes together in 2D and 3D application problems. These problems are the…