Geography Grade 12 Paper 1 Gauteng Mock 2016 Memo (English)

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PREPARATORY EXAMINATION 2016 MEMORANDUM GEOGRAPHY (FIRST PAPER) (10781) 13 pages

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10781/16 GAUTENG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION PREPARATORY EXAMINATION – 2016 GEOGRAPHY (First Paper) MEMORANDUM QUESTION 1 1.1.1 C (1) 1.1.2 A (1) 1.1.3 B (1) 1.1.4 B (1) 1.1.5 A (1) 1.1.6 D (1) 1.1.7 A (1) (7x1) (7) 1.2.1 confluence (1) 1.2.2 Periodic (1) 1.2.3 interfluve (1) 1.2.4 drainage density (1) 1.2.5 radial (1) 1.2.6 misfit stream (1) 1.2.7 rectangular (1) 1.2.8 decrease (1) (8x1) (8) 1.3.1 Southern Hemisphere (1) (1x1) (1) 1.3.2 Spiralling band of clouds around the eye in a clockwise direction (1) Coastline of Madagascar (1) [Any ONE] (1x1) (1) 1.3.3 The eye (1) (1x1) (1) 1.3.4 Small column of sinking air exists in the eye (2) Sinking air heats up and does not allow for condensation (2) The temperature does not fall to dewpoint so there is no cloud cover (2) [Any ONE] (1x2) (2) 1.3.5 Temperatures above 26.5°C (2) Upper air divergence must take place. (2) Unstable air along an ocean surface with rapid upliftment (2) Little surface frictional drag over the ocean surface (2) High humidity (2) Light variable winds (2) Low air pressure with closed isobars (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 2

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10781/16 1.3.6 Developing countries don’t have sufficient funds to fully cater for the needs of their people after this system occurs. (2) Their medical facilities are not sufficient to cater for all people affected. (2) Poor transport networks create difficulty to get to people in need. (2) The per capita income of the people in developing countries is low and people find it difficult to recover from the devastation. (2) Poor quality of housing / informal settlements leave people homeless. (2) [Any FOUR] (4x2) (8) 1.4.1 South Atlantic / St Helena HP (1) (1x1) (1) 1.4.2 Over the Atlantic ocean (1) (1x1) (1) 1.4.3 Anti-clockwise movement of air in the Southern Hemisphere (1) Circulation within the system is spiralling downwards (1) [Any ONE] (1x1) (1) 1.4.4 The presence of the Kalahari High over the land (2) The presence of the coastal low over the east coastline (2) The approaching mid-latitude cyclone / cold front (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 1.4.5 Winds moving downslope over the escarpment heat up adiabatically, increasing the temperature. (2) (1x2) (2) 1.4.6 High discomfort levels for people living in communities (2) Work ethic suffers due to unbearable heat waves. (2) Dust particles can result in respiratory and health problems. (2) Can result in fires which destroy crops and livestock (2) Loss of income due to damages caused by resultant fires (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 1.5.1 Meander (1) (1x1) (1) 1.5.2 Flat land / gently sloping land (1) (1x1) (1) 1.5.3 The softer rock allows for the cutting of channels (2) The horizontal rock structure reduces the speed of the river causing it to meander. (2) (2x2) (4) 1.5.4 Undercut Slope (2) Slip-off Slope (2) (2x2) (4) 3

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10781/16 1.5.5 Flooding may result in damage to agriculture. (May give examples) (2) Flat land results in water spreading over a large surface area. (2) Loss of income (2) Creates waterlogged soils which is not favourable for agriculture (2) Raised banks prevent fertile silt from entering the plain. (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) (2x2) 1.6.1 Water that flows in a stream channel (1) [CONCEPT] (1x1) (1) 1.6.2 Farming (1) Deforestation (1) Industrial activity (1) [Any ONE] (1x1) (1) 1.6.3 The removal of vegetation, which is replaced by artificial surfaces, increases run-off. (2) (1x2) (2) 1.6.4 (a) Increased stream flow increases the rate of erosion. (2) (1x2) (2) (b) Increased stream flow increases the drainage density. (2) (1x2) (2) 1.6.5 The provision of quality water to the urban settlement will be limited. (2) Increased stream flow causes floods which damage the natural ecosystems. (2) Increased stream flow will increase soil erosion. (2) Loss of fertile soil resulting from soil erosion (2) A decrease in farming activities and food shortages may arise. (2) Increased stream flow could flood urban areas (Candidates may give examples of urban areas). (2) Farming communities in the upper stream channel water away from the main river reducing the amount of water available in the urban settlement downstream. (2) Water required for purification purposes in the urban settlement (2) Damage caused by flooding can be costly. (2) [Any FOUR] (4x2) (8) [75] 4

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10781/16 QUESTION 2 2.1.1 anti-clockwise (1) 2.1.2 isobars (1) 2.1.3 cyclone (1) 2.1.4 1024 (1) 2.1.5 A (1) 2.1.6 inwards (1) 2.1.7 surface (1) (7x1) (7) 2.2.1 D (1) 2.2.2 A (1) 2.2.3 F (1) 2.2.4 H (1) 2.2.5 G (1) 2.2.6 C (1) 2.2.7 I (1) 2.2.8 B (1) (8x1) (8) 2.3.1 Occluded stage (1) (1x1) (1) 2.3.2 Upwards (1) (1x1) (1) 2.3.3 The warm air has been lifted off the surface by the colder air. (2) A cold front rises over the warm front. (2) [Any ONE] (1x2) (2) 2.3.4 The cold front starts to rise over the warm front. (2) Rising warm air cools down and condensation takes place. (2) Condensation results in cloud formation. (2) Condensation results in precipitation. (2) Temperature drops as only cold air is on the surface. (2) [Any THREE] (3x2) (6) 2.3.5 Cold front (2) Warm front (2) Occluded front (2) [MUST show occluded front correctly. Correct positioning of either the cold or the warm front] (2x2) (4) 5

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10781/16 2.4.1 An urban area of higher temperature surrounded by a rural area of lower temperature [CONCEPT] (1) (1x1) (1) 2.4.2 Day (1) (1x1) (1) 2.4.3 Urban plume is high above buildings / earth’s surface (2) (1x2) (2) 2.4.4 A (2) (1x2) (2) 2.4.5 More human activities e.g. people, machines, vehicles, industries increase pollution in the city centre. (2) Tall buildings trap pollution between buildings. (2) Vegetation at B absorbs CO2. (2) [Any ONE] (1x2) (2) 2.4.6 Heat is trapped between the tall buildings. (2) Restricted airflow prevents the redistribution of heat to the outskirts. (2) Constant release of heat into the CBD due to human activities (2) Many artificial surfaces trap and release more heat than expected. (2) Heat is trapped inside buildings and released slowly into the CBD. (2) The infrastructure of old buildings does not allow for the development of green areas. (2) Failure to reduce the number of cars in the CBD due to poor public transport (2) More pollution trapped inside the CBD, increases absorption of heat. (2) Legislation on pollution from industries is not properly enforced. (2) Lack of education regarding the need for reducing the effects of high temperatures (2) Lack of funding (2) The materials used in old buildings encourage high temperatures and is expensive to replace. (2) (8) [Any FOUR] (4x2) 2.5.1 Graded longitudinal profile (1) (1x1) (1) 2.5.2 Smooth concave profile (2) (1x1) (1) 2.5.3 Laminar (1) (1x1) (1) 2.5.4 B – U-shaped (2) C – Wide and open / floodplain / flat (2) (2x2) (4) 2.5.5 B – Vertical and lateral erosion is taking place. (2) C – Increased rate of deposition and decreased rate of erosion (2) (2x2) (4) 6

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10781/16 2.5.6 It creates a state of equilibrium. (2) There is a balance between the rate of erosion and deposition. (2) All temporary base levels of erosion are removed. (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 2.6.1 When a river captures the headwaters of another river (1) [CONCEPT] (1x1) (1) 2.6.2 Low rock resistance / soft rock (1) Increased volume of water (1) Steep gradient (1) Increased rainfall (1) [Any TWO] (2x1) (2) 2.6.3 E - Elbow of Capture (1) F – Misfit stream (1) (2x1) (2) 2.6.4 The size of the drainage basin is increased. (2) Increased volume of water. (2) It is a more energetic river. (2) Downward erosion increases. (2) Rejuvenation will occur. (2) [Any ONE] (1x2) (2) 2.6.5 Reduces the amount of water available for domestic use in rural areas (2) Reduces the amount of water available for crop cultivation in the lower reaches (2) Disturbance of aquatic life (2) Increases the cost of water due to higher demand (2) Impact negatively on people’s income (2) More costly to buy clean water in the informal settlements (2) Natural flow of river is reduced (2) More costly to irrigate downstream (2) Less water for recreational activities (2) Less water for industrial purposes (2) Greater reliance on groundwater (2) [Any FOUR] (4x2) (8) [75] 7

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10781/16 QUESTION 3 3.1.1 hamlet (1) 3.1.2 town (1) 3.1.3 conurbation (1) 3.1.4 megalopolis (1) 3.1.5 unifunctional (1) 3.1.6 multifunctional (1) 3.1.7 clustered (1) (7x1) (7) 3.2.1 B (1) 3.2.2 I (1) 3.2.3 A (1) 3.2.4 C (1) 3.2.5 H (1) 3.2.6 G (1) 3.2.7 E (1) 3.2.8 D (1) (8x1) (8) 3.3.1 (a) The area from which a settlement draws its customers (1) [CONCEPT] (1x1) (1) (b) Cape Town (1) (1x1) (1) (c) Cape Town has many high-order goods and services, therefore draws customers from far distances. (2) It is a city and therefore it is higher up on the hierarchy compared to Paarl. (2) [Any ONE] (1x2) (2) 3.3.2 If the sphere of influence of a place is large, the threshold population will be large. (2) OR If the sphere of influence of a place is small, the threshold population will be small. (2) (1x2) (2) 3.3.3 Cape Town is a much larger settlement than Hermanus, therefore it will have more and a greater variety of high-order goods. (2) (1x2) (2) 3.3.4 (a) Resort / holiday town (2) (1x2) (2) (b) People will travel to Hermanus for their holidays. (2) People will have holiday homes in Hermanus. (2) People travel great distances to enjoy their holidays. (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 3.4.1 The side view of a city (1) [CONCEPT] (1x1) (1) 3.4.2 Commercial / CBD (1) (1x1) (1) 8

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10781/16 3.4.3 High land values resulting in intensive land use (2) (1x2) (2) 3.4.4 Increase population in this area (2) Overcrowding (2) More pressure on services (2) Traffic congestion (2) Housing shortages (2) More street vendors (2) Increase in crime (2) Increasing violations of bylaws (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 3.4.5 Build new towns. (2) Decentralise functions. (2) Park-and-ride facilities (2) Alternative routes for traffic congestions (2) Build more low cost / affordable housing / flats. (2) Improve the infrastructure (2) Improve public transport (2) Renovate old buildings into affordable housing. (2) Improved policing (2) Install CCTV cameras. (2) Urban renewal projects (2) Increase public open spaces. (2) [Any FOUR. Solutions must link with QUESTION 3.4.3] (4x2) (8) 3.5.1 Citrus fruit (1) (1x1) (1) 3.5.2 $300 000 (1) (1x1) (1) 3.5.3 Reduce the maize exports. (2) (1x2) (2) 3.5.4 Staple food of many South Africans (2) Income for many farmers in South Africa (2) Provides employment to many (2) Provides raw materials which is stimulus for industrial activities (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 3.5.5 Reduction in maize production (2) Imports result in higher food prices. (2) People cannot afford food. (2) More people become food insecure. (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 3.5.6 Encourage communities to grow their own food. (2) Increase access to nutritious and sustainably grown foods. (2) Build dams for irrigation / bulk water supply. (2) Eradicate subsistence farming in order to encourage more commercial farming. (2) Encourage small-scale farming. (2) Storage of excess food for times of shortages (2) [Any ONE] (1x2) (2) 9

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10781/16 3.6.1 Spatial Development Initiative (1) (1x1) (1) 3.6.2 South Africa (1) Mozambique (1) Botswana (1) [Any TWO] (2x1) (2) (2x1) 3.6.3 Goods can now also be exported through Maputo. (1) (1x1) (1) 3.6.4 To promote growth in parts of South Africa that are underdeveloped and have potential for growth (2) To improve the quality of life of people living in these areas (2) (2x2) (4) 3.6.5 More jobs are created by building roads. (2) Better roads / highways (2) Poverty decreases (2) Improved standard of living (2) Attract investments (2) Tourism will increase (2) Local communities can sell locally produced goods / curios. (2) Upliftment of previously disadvantaged communities (2) Decentralisation of industries (2) Secondary industries increased (2) [Any FOUR] (4x2) (8) [75] 10

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10781/16 QUESTION 4 4.1.1 urbanisation (1) 4.1.2 rate of urbanisation (1) 4.1.3 level of urbanisation (1) 4.1.4 urban sprawl (1) 4.1.5 rural-urban migration (1) 4.1.6 urban expansion (1) 4.1.7 low (1) 4.1.8 low (1) (8x1) (8) 4.2.1 A (1) 4.2.2 C (1) 4.2.3 B (1) 4.2.4 D (1) 4.2.5 D (1) 4.2.6 C (1) 4.2.7 A (1) (7x1) (7) 4.3.1 The specific activity that is designated to a section of land in an urban settlement (1) [CONCEPT] (1x1) (1) 4.3.2 Residential (1) (1x1) (1) 4.3.3 (a) Greenbelt (1) (1x1) (1) (b) Provides space for recreation / relaxation (2) Absorption of CO2 resulting from pollution (2) Reducing urban heat island effect (2) Provide habitat for various animals (2) Aesthetic appeal (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 4.3.4 (a) Get smaller (2) (1x2) (2) (b) Increased rural-urban migration creating the need for housing (2) Growth of informal settlements (2) Increasing level of urbanisation (2) Natural increase in population in cities (2) [Any ONE] (1x2) (2) 4.3.5 Industrial decentralisation (2) Filters in chimneys / stacks to trap pollution (2) Taller chimneys / stacks to release pollutants above pollution dome (2) Reduce industrial activities at night time (2) Increase space for greenbelts / plant more vegetation (2) Strict implementation of legislation reducing emissions (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 11

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10781/16 4.4.1 An informal settlement (1) (1x1) (1) 4.4.2 Very cheap building material (1) No supply of services like electricity (1) Lack of infrastructure (1) [Any TWO] (2x1) (2) 4.4.3 Due to lack of electricity they burn candles / Use paraffin lamps which is highly flammable (2) Many open fires (2) Material used to build the structure is highly inflammable. (2) The density of informal settlement is high and fires will spread easily. (2) Limited access to emergency services (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 4.4.4 Huge influx of people from rural areas (2) Poverty (2) It is very cheap to build (2) Shortage of housing (2) Formal housing is considered expensive. (2) Limited bylaw enforcement on these types of settlements (2) Easy to build (2) Easy to break down (2) They can settle anywhere (2) [Any FOUR] (4x2) (8) 4.5.1 Due to job cuts (1) (1x1) (1) 4.5.2 Drop in price of minerals / example of a mineral (1) Reduced income for mines and cannot pay wages (1) [Any ONE] (1x1) (1) 4.5.3 No engagement / consultation with labour unions (2) Job losses will result in poverty. (2) No alternatives proposed (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 4.5.4 Enter into negotiations / consultations with labour unions before taking drastic steps. (2) Find alternative solutions for problem. (2) [Any ONE] (1x2) (2) 4.5.5 Decrease the GDP as there are fewer exports (2) Financial losses to the government (2) Job losses (2) Less spending on goods and services / smaller domestic market (2) Less income from exports / less money available for government projects (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 12

Downloaded from hlayiso.com 10781/16 4.5.6 Underground flooding (2) Rock falls (2) Unhealthy conditions underground (2) Dangerous areas (2) High temperatures / steep geothermal gradient (2) Poisonous gases (2) [Any ONE] (1x2) (2) 4.6.1 Total value of services and income within the boundaries of a country (1) [CONCEPT] (1x1) (1) 4.6.2 Gauteng (1) (1x1) (1) 4.6.3 Availability of iron ore resources close to or in PWV (2) Availability of coal reserves / energy resources close to PWV (2) Availability of water resources for metal processing (2) Large labour pool to work in metal processing industries (2) [Any TWO] (2x2) (4) 4.6.4 Exporting manufactured products brings income to Gauteng. (2) Attracts investments which contributes to the economy (2) Growth of domestic market in Gauteng provides income. (2) Existing industries attract subsidiary industries. (2) [Any ONE] (1x2) (2) 4.6.5 Water is still in high demand for growing population, mines and industries. (2) Services, e.g. electricity and housing are strained. (2) High levels of traffic congestion and expensive highways need to be built and maintained. (2) Increasing pollution levels (2) Lack of a harbour makes transport costs high (2) Lack of skilled workers (2) Crime in PWV is high due to high unemployment rate. (2) Increasing costs of products because of insurance needs (2) Limited space available for expansion (2) [Any FOUR] (4x2) (8) [75] TOTAL: 225 13

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10781/16 4.5.6 Ondergrondse oorstromings (2) Rotsstortings (2) Ongesonde toestande ondergronds (2) Gevaarlike gebiede (2) Hoë temperature / steil geotermiese gradiënt (2) Giftige gasse (2) [Enige DRIE] (1x2) (2) 4.6.1 Totale waarde van dienste en inkomste binne die grense van ʼn land (1) [KONSEP] (1x1) (1) 4.6.2 Gauteng (1) (1x1) (1) 4.6.3 Beskikbaarheid van ysterertsbronne naby of binne Gauteng (2) Beskikbaarheid van steenkoolreserwes / energiebronne naby Gauteng (2) Beskikbaarheid van waterbronne vir metaalprosessering (2) Groot arbeidsmag om in die metaalprosessering industrieë te werk (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 4.6.4 Uitvoer van vervaardigde produkte bring inkomste aan die PWV. (2) Lok beleggings wat bydra tot die ekonomie. (2) Groei van die binnelandse mark in Gauteng bied inkomste. (2) Bestaande nywerhede lok gesubsidieerde industrieë. (2) [Enige EEN] (1x2) (2) 4.6.4 Water is steeds in groot aanvraag vir die groeiende bevolking, myne en nywerhede. (2) Dienste, bv. elektrisiteit en behuising is onder druk. (2) Hoë vlakke van verkeersopeenhopings en duur paaie moet gebou word en in stand gehou word. (2) Toenemende besoedelingsvlakke (2) ʼn Gebrek aan ʼn hawe maak vervoerkoste hoog. (2) Gebrek aan geskoolde werkers (2) Misdaad in die PWV is hoog weens die hoë werkloosheidsyfer. (2) Stygende koste van produkte as gevolg van versekeringsbehoeftes (2) Beperkte ruimte beskikbaar vir uitbreiding (2) [Enige VIER] (4x2) (8) [75] TOTAAL: 225 13 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

10781/16 4.4.1 ʼn Informele nedersetting (1) (1x1) (1) 4.4.2 Baie goedkoop boumateriaal (1) Geen voorsiening van dienste soos elektrisiteit nie (1) Gebrek aan infrastruktuur (1) [Enige TWEE] (2x1) (2) 4.4.3 A.g.v. die gebrek aan elektrisiteit word kerse of paraffienlampe gebruik wat hoogs vlambaar is (2) Baie oop vure (2) Materiaal wat gebruik word om die strukture mee te bou is hoogs vlambaar (2) Die digtheid van informele nedersettings is hoog en brande versprei maklik (2) Beperkte toegang tot nooddienste (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 4.4.4 Hoë instroming van mense uit landelike gebiede (2) Armoede (2) Baie goedkoop om te bou (2) Tekort aan behuising (2) Formele behuising kan beskou word as duursaam (2) Beperk implementering van regulasies oor hierdie soort nedersettings (2) Maklik om te bou (2) Maklik om af te breek (2) Hulle kan enige plek gaan bly (2) [Enige VIER] (4x2) (8) 4.5.1 As gevolg van werksverliese / werkloosheid (1) (1x1) (1) 4.5.2 Daling in die prys van minerale / voorbeeld van ʼn mineraal (1) Verminder die inkomste vanaf myne en hulle kan nie lone betaal nie. (1) [Enige EEN] (1x1) (1) 4.5.3 Geen betrokkenheid of konsultasies met vakbonde (2) Werksverliese sal armoede veroorsaak. (2) Geen alternatiewe word voorgestel nie. (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 4.5.4 Onderhandelinge / konsultasies met vakbonde voordat drastiese stappe geneem word (2) Vind alternatiewe oplossings vir die probleem. (2) [Enige EEN] (1x2) (2) 4.5.5 Verminder die BBP, want daar is minder uitvoere (2) Finansiële verliese vir die regering (2) Werksverliese (2) Minder besteding aan goedere en dienste / klein plaaslike mark (2) Minder inkomste uit uitvoere / minder geld beskikbaar vir die regerings- projekte (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 12 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

10781/16 VRAAG 4 4.1.1 verstedeliking (1) 4.1.2 koers van verstedeliking (1) 4.1.3 vlak van verstedeliking (1) 4.1.4 stadsuitspreiding (1) 4.1.5 landelike-stedelike migrasie (1) 4.1.6 stedelike uitbreiding (1) 4.1.7 lae (1) 4.1.8 lae (1) (8x1) 4.2.1 A (1) 4.2.2 C (1) 4.2.3 B (1) 4.2.4 D (1) 4.2.5 D (1) 4.2.6 C (1) 4.2.7 A (1) (7x1) (7) 4.3.1 Die spesifieke aktiwiteit wat geallokeer word na ʼn gebied binne ʼn stedelike nedersetting. (1) [KONSEP] (1x1) (1) 4.3.2 Residensiëel (1) (1x1) (1) 4.3.3 (a) Groengordel (1) (1x1) (1) (b) Verskaf spasie vir ontspanning / rekreasie (2) Absorbering van CO2 a.g.v. besoedeling. (2) Verminder die stedelike hitte-eiland effek. (2) Verskaf habitat vir verskillende diere (2) Estetiese waarde (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 4.3.4 (a) Word kleiner (2) (1x2) (2) (b) Verhoogde landelike-stedelike migrasie wat die vraag na behuising verhoog. (2) Groei van informele nedersettings (2) Verhoog die vlak van verstedeliking (2) Natuurlike verhoging in bevolking in stede (2) [Enige TWEE] (1x2) (2) 4.3.5 Industriële desentralisasie (2) Filters in skoorstene om besoedeling te keer (2) Hoër skoorstene om besoedeling bokant die besoedelingskoepel uit te laat. (2) Verminder industriële aktiwiteite snags (2) Verhoog areas vir die groengordels / meer plantegroei (2) Strenger implementering van wetgewing om uitlaatgasse te verminder. (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 11 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

10781/16 3.6.1 Ruimtelike Ontwikkelings Inisiatief (1) (1x1) (1) 3.6.2 Suid-Afrika (1) Mosambiek (1) Botswana (1) [ENIGE TWEE] (2x1) (2) (2x1) 3.6.3 Goedere kan nou ook uitgevoer word deur Maputo. (1) (1x1) (1) 3.6.4 Om groei te bevorder in dele van Suid-Afrika wat onderontwikkeld is en die potensiaal vir groei het (2) Om die lewenskwaliteit van mense wat in hierdie gebiede woon te bevorder (2) (2x2) (4) 3.6.5 Meer werksgeleenthede word geskep deur die bou van paaie. (2) Beter paaie / hoofweë (2) Armoede verlaag (2) Verbeter lewenskwaliteit (2) Lok beleggers (2) Toerisme word bevorder / verhoog (2) Plaaslike gemeenskappe kan plaaslik verboude / vervaardigde goedere verkoop. (2) Opheffing van voorheen benadeelde gemeenskappe (2) Desentralisasie van industrieë (2) Sekondêre industrieë vermeerder (2) [Enige VIER] (4x2) (8) [75] 10 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

10781/16 3.4.3 Hoë grondwaarde lei tot intensiewe grondgebruik. (2) (1x2) (2) 3.4.4 Verhoog die bevolking in die gebied. (2) Oorbevolking (2) Meer druk op dienste (2) Verkeersopeenhopings (2) Behuisingstekort (2) Meer straatsmouse (2) Verhoging in misdaad (2) Toenemende oortredings van wette (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 3.4.5 Bou van nuwe dorpe (2) Desentralisasie van funksies (2) Stop-en-ry-fasiliteite (2) Alternatiewe roetes vir verkeersopeenhopings (2) Bou meer laekoste-behuising (2) / woonstelle. (2) Verbeter die infrastruktuur. (2) Verbeter openbare vervoer. (2) Verbeter / verander ou geboue in bekostigbare behuising. (2) Verbeter polisiëring. (2) Installeer CCTV-kameras. (2) Stedelike vernuwingsprojekte (2) Verhoog publieke openbare gebiede. (2) [Enige VIER. Oplossing moet verwys na VRAAG 3.4.3] (4x2) (8) 3.5.1 Sitrusvrugte (1) (1x1) (1) 3.5.2 $300 000 (1) (1x1) (1) 3.5.3 Verlaag die mielieuitvoere. (2) (1x2) (2) 3.5.4 Stapelvoedsel van baie Suid-Afrikaners (2) Inkomste vir baie boere in Suid-Afrika (2) Verskaf werk aan baie mense (2) Verskaf grondstowwe wat help met industriële aktiwiteite (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 3.5.5 Verlaging in mielieproduksie (2) Invoere veroorsaak hoër voedselpryse. (2) Mense kan nie kos bekostig nie. (2) Meer mense lewe met voedselonsekerheid. (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 3.5.6 Motiveer gemeenskappe om hul eie voedsel te produseer. (2) Verhoog toegang tot gesonde en volhoubare voedsel. (2) Bou damme vir besproeiing / massa waterverskaffing. (2) Verminder bestaansboerdery om meer kommersiële boerdery aan te moedig. (2) Moedig kleinskaalboerdery aan. (2) Berging / storing van surplusvoedsel vir tye van tekorte (2) [Enige TWEE] (1x2) (2) 9 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

10781/16 VRAAG 3 3.1.1 gehuggie (1) 3.1.2 dorp (1) 3.1.3 konurbasie (1) 3.1.4 megalopolis (1) 3.1.5 enkel-funksioneel (1) 3.1.6 multi-funksioneel (1) 3.1.7 kern (1) (7) 3.2.1 B (1) 3.2.2 I (1) 3.2.3 A (1) 3.2.4 C (1) 3.2.5 H (1) 3.2.6 G (1) 3.2.7 E (1) 3.2.8 D (1) (8x1) (8) 3.3.1 (a) Die gebied waarvandaan mense reis om ʼn nedersetting te besoek (1) [KONSEP] (1x1) (1) (b) Kaapstad (1) (1x1) (1) (c) Kaapstad het baie hoë orde goedere en dienste, daarom trek hy kliënte van ver. (2) Dit is ʼn stad en daarom is dit hoër op in die hiërargie in vergeleke met die Paarl. (2) [Enige EEN] (1x2) (2) 3.3.2 As die invloedsfeer van ʼn plek groot is sal die drempelbevolking ook groot wees. (2) OF As die invloedsfeer klein is, sal die drempelbevolking ook klein wees. (2) (1x2) (2) 3.3.3 Kaapstad is ʼn veel groter nedersetting as Hermanus, daarom sal hy meer en ʼn groter verskeidenheid van hoëorde-goedere hê. (2) (1x2) (2) 3.3.4 (a) Vakansiedorp (2) (1x2) (2) (b) Mense sal na Hermanus reis vir vakansie. (2) Mense sal vakansiehuise in Hermanus hê. (2) Mense sal ver afstande reis om hulle vakansie te geniet. (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 3.4.1 Die syaansig van ʼn stad (1) [KONSEP] (1x1) (1) 3.4.2 Kommersieel (1) / SSK (1) (1x1) (1) 8 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

10781/16 2.5.6 Dit skep ʼn toestand van ewewig. (2) Daar is ʼn balans tussen die tempo waarteen erosie en afsetting plaasvind. (2) Alle tydelike basisse van erosie is verwyder. (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 2.6.1 Wanneer ʼn rivier die water van ʼn ander rivier roof (1) [KONSEP] (1x1) (1) 2.6.2 Lae weerstandbiedende gesteente / sagte gesteente (1) Verhoogde volume water (1) Steil gradiënt (1) Verhoogde reënval (1) [Enige TWEE] (2x1) (2) 2.6.3 E - Roofelmboog (1) F – Verarmde stroom (1) (2x1) (2) 2.6.4 Die dreineringsbekken het vergroot. (2) Verhoogde hoeveelheid water. (2) Dit is ʼn meer energieke rivier. (2) Afwaartse erosie verhoog. (2) Verjonging sal voorkom. (2) [Enige EEN] (1x2) (2) 2.6.5 Verminder die hoeveelheid water beskikbaar vir huishoudelike gebruik in landelike gebiede (2) Verminder die hoeveelheid water beskikbaar om gewasse te kweek in die laer gedeeltes. (2) Versteur die waterlewe (2) Verhoog die koste van water as gevolg van ʼn hoër vraag. (2) Negatiewe impak op mense se inkomste. (2) Duurder om skoon water te koop in informele nedersettings (2) Natuurlike vloei van die rivier het afgeneem. (2) Duurder om stroomaf te besproei (2) Minder water vir ontspanningsaktiwiteite (2) Minder water vir industriële doeleindes (2) Groter afhanklikheid van grondwater (2) [Enige VIER] (4x2) (8) [75] 7 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

10781/16 2.4.1 ʼn Stedelike gebied met hoë temperature wat omring word deur ʼn landelike gebied met laer temperature [KONSEP] (1) (1x1) (1) 2.4.2 Dag (1) (1x1) (1) 2.4.3 Stedelike pluim is hoog bokant geboue of die aarde se oppervlakte (2) (1x2) (2) 2.4.4 A (2) (1x2) (2) 2.4.5 Meer menslike aktiwiteite, bv. mense, masjinerie, voertuie, industrieë verhoog besoedeling in stedelike kern. (2) Hoë geboue vang besoedeling vas tussen die geboue. (2) Plantegroei by B absorbeer CO (2) 2 [Enige EEN] (1x2) (2) 2.4.6 Hitte word vasgevang tussen die hoë geboue. (2) Beperkte lugvloei verhoed herdistribusie van hitte na die buitewyke. (2) Konstante vrylating van hitte in die SSK a.g.v. menslike aktiwiteite. (2) Baie kunsmatig oppervlaktes vang meer as verwagte hitte vas en laat dit weer stadig vry. (2) Hitte word in geboue vasgevang en dan stadig in die SSK vrygelaat. (2) Die infrastruktuur van ou geboue laat nie die ontwikkeling van groen gebiede toe nie. (2) Nalating om die getal voertuie in die SSK te verminder a.g.v. swak openbare vervoer. (2) Meer besoedeling wat vasgevang word in die SSK verhoog die absorpsie van hitte. (2) Wetgewing oor besoedeling deur industrieë word nie behoorlik toegepas nie. (2) Tekort aan opvoeding rakende die noodsaaklikheid van die vermindering van die impak van hoë temperature (2) Tekort aan fondse (2) Die materiaal wat in ou geboue gebruik word verhoog hoë temperature en is duur om te vervang. (2) [Enige VIER] (4x2) (8) 2.5.1 Gegradeerde lengteprofiel (1) (1x1) (1) 2.5.2 Gladde of egalige konkawe profiel (2) (1x1) (1) 2.5.3 Laminêr (1) (1x1) (1) 2.5.4 B – U-vormige (2) C – Wyd en oop / vloedvlakte / plat (2) (2x2) (4) 2.5.5 B – Vertikale en laterale erosie vind plaas. (2) C – Verhoogde tempo van afsetting en afname in die tempo van erosie (2) (2x2) (4) 6 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

10781/16 VRAAG 2 2.1.1 antikloksgewys (1) 2.1.2 isobare (1) 2.1.3 siklone (1) 2.1.4 1024 (1) 2.1.5 A (1) 2.1.6 inwaarts (1) 2.1.7 oppervlak (1) (7x1) (7) 2.2.1 D (1) 2.2.2 A (1) 2.2.3 F (1) 2.2.4 H (1) 2.2.5 G (1) 2.2.6 C (1) 2.2.7 I (1) 2.2.8 B (1) (8x1) (8) 2.3.1 Geokkuleerde stadium (1) (1x1) (1) 2.3.2 Opwaarts (1) (1x1) (1) 2.3.3 Die warm lug word deur die koue lug opgelig vanaf die oppervlakte. (2) Die koue front styg oor die warm front. (2) [Enige TWEE] (1x2) (2) 2.3.4 Die koue front begin om oor die warm front te styg. (2) Stygende warm lug koel af en kondensasie vind plaas. (2) Kondensasie versoorsaak wolkvorming. (2) Kondensasie veroorsaak neerslag. (2) Temperature daal omdat slegs die koue lug op die oppervlakte is. (2) [Enige DRIE] (3x2) (6) 2.3.5 Koue front (2) Warm front (2) Okklusie front (2) [Okklusie front MOET korrek aangedui word. Korrekte ligging van óf die koue of warm front] (2x2) (4) 5 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

10781/16 1.5.5 Oorstromings kan skade aan die landbou veroorsaak. (Mag voorbeelde gee) (2) Plat gebied veroorsaak dat water oor groot dele versprei / oorstroom. (2) Verlies aan inkomste (2) Veroorsaak versadigde grond wat nie gunstig vir landbou is nie. (2) Verhoogde walle voorkom dat vrugbare slik die vlakte bereik. (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 1.6.1 Water wat in ʼn stroomkanaal vloei. (1) [KONSEP] (1x1) (1) 1.6.2 Boerdery (1) Ontbossing (1) / Industriële aktiwiteite (1) / Nywerhede (1) [Enige EEN] (1x1) (1) 1.6.3 Die verwydering van plantegroei wat vervang word met kunsmatige oppervlaktes verhoog afloop. (2) (1x2) (2) 1.6.4 (a) Verhoogde stroomvloei verhoog die tempo van erosie (2) (1x2) (2) (b) Verhoogde stroomvloei verhoog die dreineringsdigtheid (2) (1x2) (2) 1.6.5 Die voorsienning van kwaliteitwater aan die stedelike nedersetting word beperk. (2) Verhoogde stroomvloei veroorsaak oorstromings wat die natuurlike ekosisteem beskadig. (2) Verhoogde stroomvloei sal gronderosie verhoog. (2) Verlies aan vrugbare grond word veroorsaak deur gronderosie. (2) Afname in boerderyaktiwiteite en voedseltekorte kan ontstaan. (2) Verhoogde stroomvloei kan stedelike gebiede oorstroom (Kanditate kan voorbeelde gee van stedelike gebiede). (2) Boerderygemeenskappe in die bolope van die stroomkanaal lei water weg van die hoofrivier wat die hoeveelheid water beskibaar in stedelike gebiede stroomaf verminder. (2) Water word benodig vir suiweringsdoeleindes in stedelike nedersettings. (2) Skade veroorsaak deur oorstromings kan baie duur wees. (2) [Enige VIER] (4x2) (8) [75] 4 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

10781/16 1.3.6 Ontwikkelende lande het nie genoegsame fondse om ten volle te voorsien in die behoeftes van hulle mense nadat ʼn tropiese sikloon hulle getref het nie.(2) Hulle mediese fasiliteite is nie genoegsaam om te voldoen aan al die geaffekteerde mense nie. (2) Swak vervoernetwerke maak dit moeilik om by mense in nood uit te kom. (2) Die per kapita-inkomste van die mense in ontwikkelende lande is laag en mense vind dit moeilik om te herstel na so ʼn ramp. (2) Swak gehalte behuising / informele nedersettings laat mense dakloos. (2) [Enige VIER] (4x2) (8) 1.4.1 Suid-Atlantiese / St Helena HD (1) (1x1) (1) 1.4.2 Oor die Atlantiese oseaan (1) (1x1) (1) 1.4.3 Anti-kloksgewyse beweging van lug in die Suidelike halfrond. (1) Sirkulasie binne die sisteem spiraal afwaarts (1) [Enige EEN] (1x1) (1) 1.4.4 Die teenwoordigheid van die Kalahari Hoogdruksel oor die land (2) Die teenwoordigheid van die kuslaagdruk oor die oostelike kuslyn (2) Die aankomende middelbreedte sikloon / koue front (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 1.4.5 Winde wat afwaarts beweeg oor die platorand verhit adiabaties wat temperature verhoog. (2) (1x2) (2) 1.4.6 Hoë ongemakvlakke vir mense wat in die gemeenskappe woon (2) Werksetiek ly onder die onuithoudbare hittegolwe. (2) Stofdeeltjies kan asemhalings- en gesondheidsgevare inhou. (2) Veldbrande kan voorkom wat gewasse en veeboerdery vernietig (2) Verlies aan inkomste as gevolg van die skade van die gevolglike veldbrande (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 1.5.1 Meander / Kronkel (1) (1x1) (1) 1.5.2 Plat gebied of geleidelike helling (1) (1x1) (1) 1.5.3 Die sagter gesteentes maak voorsiening vir die insny van kanale. (2) Die horisontale gesteentestrukture verlaag die spoed van die riviervloei wat maak dat dit kronkel. (2) (2x2) (4) 1.5.4 Stootoewer Stiloewer (2) (2x2) (4) 3 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

10781/16 GAUTENG DEPARTEMENT VAN ONDERWYS VOORBEREIDENDE EKSAMEN – 2016 GEOGRAFIE (Eerste Vraestel) MEMORANDUM VRAAG 1 1.1.1 C (1) 1.1.2 A (1) 1.1.3 B (1) 1.1.4 B (1) 1.1.5 A (1) 1.1.6 D (1) 1.1.7 A (1) (7x1) (7) 1.2.1 samevloeiing (1) 1.2.2 Periodies (1) 1.2.3 interfluviale gebied (1) 1.2.4 dreineringsdigtheid (1) 1.2.5 radiaal / straal (1) 1.2.6 verarmde stroom (1) 1.2.7 reghoekig (1) 1.2.8 verlaag (1) (8x1) (8) 1.3.1 Suidelike halfrond (1) (1x1) (1) 1.3.2 Spiraalvormige wolkbank rondom die oog in ʼn kloksgewyse rigting (1) of Kuslyn van Madagaskar (1) [Enige EEN] (1x1) (1) 1.3.3 Die oog (1) (1x1) (1) 1.3.4 Dalende lug kom voor in die oog van die sikloon (2) Dalende lug verhit en geen kondensasie vind plaas nie (2) Die temperatuur daal nie tot by doupunt temperature nie, dus is daar geen wolkdekking nie. (2) (2) [Enige EEN] (1x2) 1.3.5 Temperature bo 26.5°C (2) Bolugdivergensie moet plaasvind. (2) Onstabiele lug oor die oseaan se oppervlakte met hewige styging. (2) Min oppervlakwrywing oor die oseaan se oppervlakte (2) Hoë humiditeit (2) Ligte veranderlike winde (2) Lae lugdruk met geslote isobare (2) [Enige TWEE] (2x2) (4) 2 Downloaded from hlayiso.com

VOORBEREIDENDE EKSAMEN 2016 MEMORANDUM GEOGRAFIE (EERSTE VRAESTEL) (10781) 13 bladsye Downloaded from hlayiso.com