NW GR 10 AGRIC SC P1 Eng MEMO Nov 2019 hlayiso.com

Downloaded from hlayiso.com PROVINCIAL ASSESSMENT GRADE 10 AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE P1 NOVEMBER 2019 MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 150 These marking guidelines consist of 10 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Science/P1 2 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking guidelines SECTION A QUESTION 1 1.1 1.1.1 B  1.1.2 A  1.1.3 D  1.1.4 C  1.1.5 B  1.1.6 D  1.1.7 C  1.1.8 D  1.1.9 A  1.1.10 B  (10 x 2) (20) 1.2 1.2.1 B Only  1.2.2 A Only  1.2.3 None  1.2.4 A Only  1.2.5 Both A and B  (5 x 2) (10) 1.3 1.3.1 Competition  1.3.2 Industrialisation  1.3.3 Raw materials  1.3.4 Domesticate/domestication  1.3.5 Poaching  (5 x 2) (10) 1.4 1.4.1 Aspect  1.4.2 Edaphic  1.4.3 Consumers/Parasites  1.4.4 Subsistence  1.4.5 Pigs  (5 x 1) (5) TOTAL SECTION A: 45 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Science/P1 3 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking guidelines SECTION B QUESTION 2: AGRO-ECOLOGY 2.1 Grazing ecology 2.1.1 Natural change to pasture Ecological/plant succession  (1) 2.1.2 Term for the first type of plants Pioneer species  (1) 2.1.3 TWO methods to prevent overgrazing  Rotational grazing   Zero grazing  (2) 2.1.4 Definition of artificial pasture An area of land that has been planted  with foreign plant species/other plants for grazing  (2) 2.2 Pasture management 2.2.1 Definition of pasture management The management of vegetation  used for grazing  (2) 2.2.2 TWO reasons why pasture management is important  A primary source of food for livestock   A source of genetic material for pasture plants   Well managed pastures keep a natural balance in the environment   Pastures maintain agricultural resources  (Any 2) (2) 2.2.3 Explanation of rotational grazing More than one camp is allocated to each group of animals  after a certain period the animals are taken to another camp so that the first camp can recover/rest  (2) 2.2.4 TWO veld management practices  Stocking rate   Animal Ratio   Veld burning  (Any 2) (2) 2.3 Stocking rate 2.3.1 THREE factors that will influence the stocking rate  Grazing management   Weather conditions/draughts/floods   Forage intake   Plant vigour/how fast plants regrow  (Any 3) (3) 2.3.2 Explanation of TWO consequences of a to high stocking rate  There will be a decrease  in the production levels of animals   The production potential  of the veld will decrease/decline  (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Science/P1 4 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking guidelines 2.4 Biomes 2.4.1 Another word/term for ecological regions Biomes  (1) 2.4.2 Examples of fauna found in the fynbos area  Shrubs/bushes with hard leaves   Reeds   Woody shrubs   Wiry shrubs   Bulb plants   Ericoids   Sedges   Protea trees  (Any 2) (2) 2.4.3 TWO ecological areas with low rainfall  Nama karoo   Karoo  (2) 2.4.4 TWO ecological areas producing the bulk of animal forage material  Savanah   Grass land  (2) 2.5 Global warming 2.5.1 Formulate a caption for the diagram. The diagram below showing the global warming/greenhouse effect  (2) 2.5.2 TWO human action causing the phenomenon in QUESTION 2.5.1  Burning of fossil fuels   Factories that emit smoke/CO2   Use of motor vehicles   Coal power stations that emit smoke/CO2 into the air   Deforestation   Industrialisation   Air pollution  (Any 2) (2) 2.5.3 THREE impacts of global warming on agriculture  A rise in sea level/less agricultural land   Inability of species to adapt to higher temperatures  Extinction of some species   Unpredictable weather/seasons   Droughts   Flooding   Increase in temperature  (Any 3) (3) [35] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Science/P1 5 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking guidelines QUESTION 3: AGRO-INDUSTRY 3.1 Agricultural economics 3.1.1 TWO contributions of agriculture towards S.A’s economic status  Food production   Raw material   Employment/job creation   Food security   Rural development   Economic stability   Conservation  (Any 2) (2) 3.1.2 General trend of the livestock totals between 2000 and 2010 There is a decline/less/lower  totals in live stock  (2) 3.1.3 Draw a combined graph of the cattle and pig totals for the years 2000 and 2010 Cattle and pig production in 2000 and 2010 16 Total amount of livestock (million) CATTLE PIGS 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 2000 2010 Years Criteria/Rubric/Marking guidelines  Correct heading   X-axis: Correctly calibrated with label (Years)   Y-axis: Correctly calibrated with label (Amount)   Correct unit (millions)   Bar graph   Accuracy  (6) 3.1.4 Calculate the difference in sheep and pig production from 2000 - 2010  32 – 25   = 7 million  (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Science/P1 6 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking guidelines 3.2 Food products 3.2.1 TWO other types of food preservation methods  Smoking   Processing/processed   Cooking   Salting/curing   Freezing/refrigeration   Drying   Pasteurisation/sterilisation   Vacuum packing   Sugaring   Pickling  (Any 2) (2) 3.2.2 TWO reasons for the preserving of food  To prevent it from going rotten/spoilage   To prolong shelf life of a product   To slow down ripening/loss of quality  (Any 2) (2) 3.2.3 Distinguish between Fresh food - Mainly vegetables/fruit that are bought/eaten fresh/raw  Staple food - Foods forming the major basis of the diet of a population/ cheap/available/accessible  (2) 3.2.4 Knowledge system allowing us to know Mopanie worms are edible Indigenous knowledge systems/IK  (1) 3.3 Agricultural legislation 3.3.1 Differentiate between Constitution - The supreme law of the country providing the basic principles according to which all laws passed must (1) comply  Green paper - A preliminary report on government’s proposal for a new or amended law  (1) 3.3.2 THREE aspects of agriculture that is covered by different laws  Labour laws   Land laws   Marketing laws   Resource protection laws   Disease and parasite laws   Input resources laws   Animal welfare laws  (Any 3) (3) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Science/P1 7 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking guidelines 3.4 Agricultural organisations 3.4.1 TWO functions of the Department of Agriculture  Run/maintain agricultural research facilities   Maintain/improve phytosanitary status of the country   Ensure the safety/effectiveness of the agricultural inputs   Combat introduction and spread of livestock diseases and parasites   Facilitate and provide education/training in agriculture   Provide financial assistance to farmers  Promote conservation of the country’s natural resources  (Any 2) (2) 3.4.2 Give the full names of the following (a) ARC - Agricultural Research Council  (1) (b) NAMC - National Agricultural Marketing Council  (1) (c) CSIR - Council for Scientific and Industrial Research  (1) 3.4.3 TWO benefits/advantages of agricultural organisations  Research findings benefits farmers   Provides information to the farmers   Informs farmers of the latest trends/news/development in agriculture   Provides training/education  (Any 2) (2) 3.5 Food security in South Africa 3.5.1 Explanation of the concept food security A measure of the sustainable availability  and access to food for all the people of South Africa  (2) 3.5.2 TWO threats on food security in South Africa  Natural resources/land/water/energy   Labour   Biodiversity   Climatic conditions/changes   Economic stability   Political policy/climate/world trends  (Any 2) (2) [35] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Science/P1 8 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking guidelines QUESTION 4: ANIMAL STUDIES 4.1 SA cattle breeds 4.1.1 Identification of the breed Nguni  (1) 4.1.2 TWO characteristics of this breed  Multi-coloured hide   Horns have a variety of shapes   Medium frame/sized   Noses are black tipped  (Any 2) (2) 4.1.3 Scientific name under which this breed falls Bos indicus  (1) 4.1.4 TWO characteristics of a bull  Compact frame   Block-like build   Reproductive soundness/vigour   Short neck   Broad face   Heavy slaughter weight  (Any 2) (2) 4.1.5 ONE other indigenous SA breeds  Bonsmara   Afrikaner   Drakensberger  (Any 1) (1) 4.2 Types of cattle 4.2.1 Identification of the purpose for BREED A and BREED B Breed A - Milk production  (1) Breed B - Dual purpose (milk and beef)  (1) 4.2.2 Name of BREED A Jersey  (1) 4.2.3 TWO characteristics of BREED A  Fawn/light brown in colour   Black nose with light border if purebred   Relatively small size   Efficient food converters   Low maintenance cost   Cow are highly fertile   Most efficient dairy producers   Milk has a high butterfat content/yellow   Extreme leanness/hollow back  (Any 2) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Science/P1 9 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking guidelines 4.2.4 TWO other cattle breeds with the same purpose as BREED A  Guernsey   Friesland/Holstein   Ayrshire  (Any 2) (2) 4.3 Sheep and goats 4.3.1 Identification from the photo’s A - Merino  (1) B - Goat  (1) 4.3.2 ONE characteristics of BREED A  Medium to large framed   White Woolled   Rams have long spiral horns   Not a high quantity of meat   Excellent conformation   Excellent foragers   Outstanding growth rate   Most economic converters of feed to mutton and wool   Ewes have excellent reproductive abilities   Good mothering abilities  (Any 1) (1) 4.3.3 The purpose of BREED B The production of meat  (1) 4.3.4 Explain how BREED B originated By crossing the Native African goats  with the European dairy breeds  (2) 4.3.5 Product of the Angora goat Mohair  (1) 4.4 Poultry 4.4.1 TWO types of production systems in chicken production  Laying hen/egg production   Broiler/meat production  (2) 4.4.2 ONE type of indigenous chicken breed  Potchefstroom Koekoek   Boschvelder   Ovambo   Venda   Naked-Neck   Natal game  (Any 1) (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Science/P1 10 NW/November 2019 NSC – Grade 10 – Marking guidelines 4.4.3 FOUR requirements for successful poultry production  Good/sufficient/effective housing   Proper management system   Breeding   Nutrition   Proper health care system/biosecurity  (Any 4) (4) 4.5 Game farming in S.A. 4.5.1 TWO reasons why elephants are endangered  Loss of habitat   Poaching for their tusks  (2) 4.5.2 Explain why rhinos are killed for their horns In the Far East  it is believed that the horn of the rhinos have medicinal properties  (2) 4.5.3 THREE importance’s of game farming in S.A  Generates income/business opportunities   Job creation   Helps with economic growth/foreign exchange/currency   Helps with preservation of natural habitats   Create infrastructure/development in the rural areas  (Any 3) (3) [35] TOTAL SECTION B: 105 GRANDTOTAL : 150 Copyright reserved Please turn over