Physical Sciences Grade 11 P2 Gauteng November 2016 QP

Downloaded from hlayiso.com SY, basic education aa\7Z4 Department: Basic Education REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA ' PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY (P2) i " NOVEMBER 2016 ‘ MARKS: 150 TIME: 3 hours This question paper consists of 12 pages, 4 data sheets and 1 answer sheet. III *LSP2* cop osened NO 0 ese un ov

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 2 DBE/November 2016 CAPS - Grade 11 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. 10. 11. 12. Write your name and class (for example 11A) in the appropriate spaces on the ANSWER BOOK. This question paper consists of 10 questions. Answer ALL the questions in the ANSWER BOOK except QUESTIONS 4.1.2, 4.1.3 and 4.1.6, which have to be answered on the attached ANSWER SHEET. The ANSWER SHEET has to be handed in together with the ANSWER BOOK. Start EACH question on a NEW page in the ANSWER BOOK. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. Leave ONE line between two subquestions, for example between QUESTION 2.1 and QUESTION 2.2. You may use a non-programmable calculator. You may use appropriate mathematical instruments. You are advised to use the attached DATA SHEETS. Show ALL formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations. Round off your final numerical answers to a minimum of TWO decimal places. Give brief motivations, discussions et cetera where required. Write neatly and legibly. Copyright reserved FANN AMALIA EA Please tur over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 3 DBE/November 2016 NSC - Grade 11 QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS Four options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Each question has only ONE correct answer. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question number (1.1-1.10) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.11 E. 1.1 1.2 1.3 14 The type of bond formed between a H* ion and H20 is called a/an ... A hydrogen bond. B dative covalent bond. C ionic bond. D covalent bond. (2) The shape of the molecule in which the central atom is surrounded by two lone pairs and two bonding pairs is ... A _ linear. B trigonal planar. C tetrahedral. D bent. (2) The intermolecular forces in dry ice (COz2) are ... A ion-induced dipole forces. B hydrogen bonding. Cc ion-dipole forces. D___London forces. (2) The bond energy of a C—C£ bond is 338 kJ.mol™ whereas the bond energy of a C-I bond is 238 kJ.mol''. The difference in bond energy exists because ... A the bond length of the C—C£ bond is greater than that of the C-I bond. B_ chlorine is more electronegative than iodine. C the bond length of the C-I bond is greater than that of the C-C? bond. iw] the chlorine atom is bigger than the iodine atom. (2) Copyright reserved FANN AMALIA EA Please tur over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 4 DBE/November 2016 NSC - Grade 11 1.5 A gas of volume V is at a temperature T; and pressure P, in a gas syringe. If the pressure on the gas is doubled and the temperature halved, then the volume that the gas will occupy is ... A %”V B %V Cc ov D 2Vv (2) 1.6 Which ONE of the graphs below CORRECTLY represents the deviation of a real gas from ideal gas behaviour at very high pressures? The dotted line represents the graph of the real gas. Ay B (2) o|/a o|a Copyright reserved FANN AMALIA EA Please tur over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 5 DBE/November 2016 NSC - Grade 11 1.7 The flowers of hydrangeas are natural indicators of soil pH. A natural indicator is made in a laboratory by using hydrangea flowers. NaOH and HC? are added to the indicator and the colour change is recorded in the table below. INDICATOR NATURAL COLOUR NaOH HCce Hydrangea flowers Blue Purple Pink If orange juice is added to the indicator above, the observed colour may be ... A __ brown. B pink. C purple. D blue. (2) 1.8 Cellular respiration occurs inside the cells of all living organisms. Oxygen reacts with glucose in cellular respiration to produce the following compounds according to the balanced equation below: CeH120¢6(aq) + 602 (g) + 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(2) AH = -2 830 kJ The potential energy versus progress of reaction diagram for this reaction iS... A B Ep Ep ————> es Progress of reaction Progress of reaction c D Ep Ep nd es Progress of reaction Progress of reaction (2) Copyright reserved FANN AMALIA EA Please tur over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 6 DBE/November 2016 NSC - Grade 11 1.9 The oxidation number of phosphorus in H3POz is ... A +3 B -2 C +2 D +5 (2) 1.10 During the processing of gold ore, zinc is added to the gold cyanide solution to produce gold according to the balanced equation below: Zn(s) + 2NaAu(CN)2(aq) > 2Au(s)+ Zn(CN)2(aq) + 2NaCN(aq) The reducing agent in this reaction is ... A Na B Au* Cc Zn D CN (2) [20] Copyright reserved FANN AMALIA EA Please tur over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 7 DBE/November 2016 NSC - Grade 11 QUESTION 2 (Start on a new page.) Electronegativity of atoms may be used to explain the polarity of bonds. 2.1 Define the term electronegativity. (2) 2.2 Draw the Lewis diagram of an oxygen difluoride molecule. (2) 2.3 Calculate the electronegativity difference between O and F in oxygen difluoride and predict the polarity of the bond. (2) 2.4 A polar bond does not always lead to a polar molecule. Explain the statement by referring to OF2 and COz molecules. In your explanation, include the polarity of the bonds and the shape of the molecules. (4) 2.5 The diagram below shows the energy change that takes place when two atoms move towards each other. Ep Distance between nuclei in pm xX v 2.5.1 What does X and Y represent? (2) 2.5.2 Define the concept represented by X. (2) 2.5.3. Explain the relationship between bond order, bond length and bond energy. (3) [17] Copyright reserved FANN AMALIA EA Please tur over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 8 DBE/November 2016 NSC - Grade 11 QUESTION 3 (Start on a new page.) Learners conduct an experiment to investigate the effects of intermolecular forces on boiling points. They use 20 mf of each of the following compounds in their investigation: water, sunflower oil, nail polish remover, glycerine and methylated spirits. The results are shown in the table below: 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 NAME OF BOILING COMPOUND POINT (°C) water 93 sunflower oil 230 nail polish remover 56 glycerine 290 methylated spirits 62 Define the term boiling point. Formulate an investigative question for this experiment. In which compound in the table above will the strongest intermolecular forces occur? Give a reason for the answer. The learners now use 40 mf of each of the compounds above in the experiment. Will it affect the boiling points? Choose YES or NO. Give a reason for the answer. Methylated spirits is highly flammable. State TWO safety precautions that should be taken when using methylated spirits in the laboratory. Which compound in the table above will have the highest rate of evaporation? Give a reason for the answer. Sunflower oil is a non-polar compound with induced dipole forces between the molecules, while water is a polar molecule with hydrogen bonds between its molecules. Explain why the boiling point of sunflower oil is higher than the boiling point of water. Copyright reserved FANN AMALIA EA Please tur over (2) (2) (2) [14]

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 9 DBE/November 2016 NSC - Grade 11 QUESTION 4 (Start on a new page.) 41 Charles' Law describes the relationship between the volume and temperature of an enclosed mass of gas at constant pressure. The volumes of a gas at different temperatures at constant pressure are given in the table below. 4.1.1 4.1.2 VOLUME | TEMPERATURE (cm) (°C) 114 0 124 25 134 50 145 75 155 100 Explain Charles' Law in terms of the kinetic molecular theory of gases. Draw a graph of volume versus temperature at constant pressure on the attached graph paper. Extrapolate the graph (extend the graph) and state at what temperature the graph intersects the x-axis. What is significant about this temperature? Calculate the volume that this gas will occupy at 120 °C at constant pressure. The experiment is now conducted at a lower constant pressure. On the graph drawn for QUESTION 4.1.2, sketch the graph that will be obtained at a lower pressure. Label this graph P. 4.2 An unknown gas with a mass of 0,77 g occupies a volume of 0,32 dm? at a temperature of 27 °C and a pressure of 96 kPa. Assume that the gas behaves 4.2.1 4.2.2 Copyright reserved as an ideal gas. Calculate the molar mass of the gas. Write down the MOLECULAR FORMULA or NAME of the gas named in QUESTION 4.2.1. FANN AMALIA EA Please turn over (2) [21]

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 10 NSC - Grade 11 QUESTION 5 (Start on a new page.) 5.1 5.2 5.3 Define the term concentration. DBE/November 2016 Eight (8) grams of NazS2O3 is dissolved in water to prepare 500 cm® of solution. Calculate the concentration of the NazS2O3 solution. chromium and 3,81 g of oxygen. 5.3.1 Define the term empirical formula. 5.3.2 Determine the empirical formula of this compound. QUESTION 6 (Start on a new page.) A 10g sample of a compound contains 2,66 g of potassium, 3,549 of (7) [14] Learners made a mini volcano in a science laboratory by adding sodium bicarbonate to ethanoic acid. They added 100 mf of a 0,2 moldm”™ ethanoic acid solution to 10 g of NaHCO; to start the reaction of the volcano. The balanced equation for this reaction is: 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 CH3COOH(aq) + NaHCO3(s) CH3COONa(aq) + H20(2) + CO2(g) Define the term limiting reagent. Determine the limiting reagent in this reaction. Calculate the mass of the other substance in excess. Calculate the volume of CO2 produced at STP. Conan rseed A Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 11 DBE/November 2016 NSC - Grade 11 QUESTION 7 (Start on a new page.) Methane is used as an alternative fuel. The combustion of methane releases carbon dioxide and water. The balanced equation for this reaction is: CH,4(g) + O2 (g) > CO2(g) + 2H20 (g) + 891 kJ‘mol"™ The activation energy for this reaction is 172 kJ'‘mol". 7.4 Is this reaction ENDOTHERMIC or EXOTHERMIC? Give a reason for the answer. (2) 7.2 Explain why all chemical reactions need activation energy. (2) 7.3 Why is this reaction not considered to be environmentally friendly? ‘6 QUESTION 8 (Start on a new page.) 8.1 Define an acid in terms of the Lowry-Bransted theory. (2) 8.2 Consider the following acid-base reaction: HPO, + NH3 — HPO,” + NH,* 8.2.1 Identify the conjugate acid-base pairs in the above reaction. (4) 8.2.2 Define the term ampholyte. (1) 8.2.3 Choose an ampholyte in the above reaction. (2) 8.3 Ten grams (10g) of an impure sample of sodium carbonate is added to 100 cm® of a 0,2 mol.dm® solution of hydrochloric acid. The acid is in excess. The equation for the reaction is: NazCO3 + HCf£ — NaC + H20 + COz 8.3.1 Balance the equation above. (1) 8.3.2 Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid. (3) The excess acid neutralises 20cm* of a solution of 0,1 mol.dm® of magnesium hydroxide. 2HCt(aq) + Mg(OH)a(aq) + MgCt,(aq) + H20(£) 8.3.3 Calculate the percentage purity of the sodium carbonate solution. Ot Copyright reserved FANN AMALIA EA Please tur over

Physical Sciences/P2 12 DBE/November 2016 Downloaded from hlayiso.com CAPS - Grade 11 QUESTION 9 (Start on a new page.) A silver Christmas tree can be made by placing copper wire, shaped in the form of a tree, into a silver nitrate solution. The unbalanced equation for the reaction is: 9.1 9.2 9.3 Cu(s) + AgNOs(aq) > Cu(NOs)a(aq) + Ag(s) Define the term oxidation in terms of oxidation number. Write down the following for the reaction above: 9.2.1 Formula of the reducing agent 9.2.2 Name of the oxidising agent 9.2.3 Oxidation half-reaction 9.2.4 Balanced net ionic equation using the ion-electron method Use oxidation numbers to explain your choice of oxidising agent in QUESTION 9.2.2. QUESTION 10 (Start on a new page.) The discovery of gold played a significant role in the economic development of South Africa. In 1970 gold mining in South Africa contributed 68 per cent to global production. 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 Which TWO mining methods are used in South Africa? Give TWO reasons why mining is important for the South African economy. State TWO negative effects of mining, with respect to the environment. Most alloys of gold are used in jewellery and dentistry. The gold content in jewellery is expressed in carat. The term indicates the number of parts of gold present in each 24 parts of alloy. 10.4.1 Pure gold, which is 24 carat, is not used to make jewellery. Give ONE reason why, referring to the properties of gold. 10.4.2 Apart from gold being used in jewellery and dentistry, name ONE other use of gold. TOTAL: Copa seed A (2) (2) [14] (1) [8] 150

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 1 CAPS - Grade 11 DBE/November 2016 DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 11 PAPER 2 (CHEMISTRY) GEGEWENS VIR FISIESE WETENSKAPPE GRAAD 11 VRAESTEL 2 (CHEMIE) TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS/TABEL 1: FISIESE KONSTANTES NAME/NAAM SYMBOL/SIMBOOL VALUE/WAARDE Avogadro's constant 23 A Avogadro-konstante Na 6,02 x 10" mol Molar gas constant tema Molére gaskonstante R 8,31 JK mol Standard pressure 6 5 Standaarddruk P 1,013 x 10° Pa Molar gas volume at STP 3d Molére gasvolume by STD Vm 22,4 dm'-mol Standard temperature 6 Standaardtemperatuur T 273K TABLE 2: FORMULAE/TABEL 2: FORMULES PVs _P2Vo pV=nRT T, T; “M Ny n= c=2 ORIOF c= V, Vv MV Copyright reserved GAUTENG

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Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 Increasing oxidising ability/Toenemende oksiderende vermoé Copyright reserved 3 CAPS - Grade 11 TABLE 4A: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS TABEL 4A: STANDAARD-REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE Half-reactions/Halfreaksies = (Vv) F2(g)+2e = 2F° + 2,87 Co*+e = Co* + 1,81 H2O2 + 2H*+2e7 = 2H,0 +1,77 MnO, +8H*+5e = Mn*’ +4H,0 + 1,54 Ch(g)+2e = 2Ch + 1,36 crOF +14H"+6e7 = 2Cr*+7H,0 | +1,33 O2(g) + 4H*+4e° == 2H2O + 1,23 MnO, + 4H*+2e- = Mn** + 2H,O + 1,23 Pt*+2e = Pt + 1,20 Bro(t)+2e° = 2Br + 1,07 NO, +4H'+3e" = NO(g)+2H2O0 | +0,96 Hg**+2e° = Hg(t) + 0,85 Agite = Ag + 0,80 NO; +2H’+e = NOd(g)+H,0 + 0,80 Fe"+e = Fe™ +0,77 O2(g) + 2H* + 2e7 == H2O2 + 0,68 b+2e = ar + 0,54 Cu’+e = Cu + 0,52 SO2+4H*+4e° = S+2H,0 + 0,45 2H2.0+O2+4e° = 40H + 0,40 Cu*+2e = Cu + 0,34 soe +4H*+2e° 2 $O(g)+2H20 | +0,17 Ccu*+e = Cut +0,16 Sn“ +2e = Sn* +0,15 S+2H*+2e = H2S(g) + 0,14 2H*+2e = Hag) 0,00 Fe +3e = Fe - 0,06 Pb**+2e° = Pb - 0,13 Sn**+2e° = Sn - 0,14 Ni? +2e° = Ni - 0,27 Co*+2e = Co - 0,28 Cd*+2e = Cd - 0,40 crt+e = Cr” - 0,41 Fe*+2e = Fe - 0,44 cr*+3e" = Cr - 0,74 Zn*+2e° = Zn - 0,76 2H20+2e = H(g)+2O0H | - 0,83 Cr'+2e = Cr - 0,91 Mn?*+2e7 = Mn - 1,18 Ati+3e° = Al - 1,66 Mg**+2e- = Mg - 2,36 Na*+e = Na -2,71 Ca*+2e = Ca ~ 2,87 Sr+2e = Sr - 2,89 Ba"*+2e° = Ba - 2,90 Cs'+e = Cs - 2,92 Kite = K - 2,93 lite = Li = 3,05 GAUTENG DBE/November 2016 Increasing reducing ability/Toenemende reduserende vermoé

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Physical Sciences/P2 4 Increasing oxidising ability/Toenemende oksiderende vermoé Copyright reserved CAPS - Grade 11 TABLE 4B: STANDARD REDUCTION POTENTIALS TABEL 4B: STANDAARD-REDUKSIEPOTENSIALE Half-reactions/Halfreaksies = (Vv) lite = Li - 3,05 K'+e = K - 2,93 Cs*te = Cs — 2,92 Ba’*+2e° = Ba - 2,90 Sr*+2e = Sr - 2,89 Ca*+2e = Ca - 2,87 Na*+e7 = Na -2,71 Mg**+2e- = Mg - 2,36 AG'+3e = AL - 1,66 Mn**+2e7 = Mn -1,18 Cr*+2e° = Cr - 0,91 2H2O +2e = H2(g)+2OH | -0,83 Zn**+2e° = Zn - 0,76 cr*+3e" = Cr - 0,74 Fe*+2e = Fe - 0,44 cette = Cr" - 0,41 Cd*+2e = Cd - 0,40 Co +2e = Co - 0,28 Ni**+2e° = Ni - 0,27 Sn’*+2e = Sn - 0,14 Pb**+2e" = Pb - 0,13 Fe" +3e" = Fe - 0,06 2H*+2e = Hag) 0,00 S+2H'+2e = H2S(g) +0,14 Sn“*+2e° = Sn" +0,15 Ccu*+e = Cur +0,16 Soe +4H*+2e° = $O2(g)+2H20 | +0,17 Cu%+2e = Cu + 0,34 2H20+O2+4e° = 40H + 0,40 SQ.+4H*+4e° = S+2H,0 + 0,45 Cu’+e" = Cu + 0,52 It2e = ar + 0,54 O2(g) + 2H* + 2e7 === -H2O2 + 0,68 Fe*+e = Fe™* +0,77 JO; +2H* +e = NO2(g)+H20 + 0,80 Ag'te = Ag + 0,80 Hg**+2e° = Hg(t) + 0,85 NO; +4H'+3e = NO(g)+2H,0 | +0,96 Bro(t)+2e° = 2Br + 1,07 Pt*+2e = Pt + 1,20 MnO2+ 4H’ +2e° = -Mn* + 2H,0 + 1,23 O2(g) + 4H*+4e° = 2H2O + 1,23 crOF +14H"+6e" = 2Cr*+7H,0 | +1,33 Ch(g)+2e = 2Ch + 1,36 MnO, +8H*+5e = Mn” +4H,0 + 1,51 H2O2 + 2H*+2e7 = 2H,0 +1,77 Co*¥+e7 = Co™ + 1,81 Fo(g) +2e° = 2Fo + 2,87 GAUTENG DBE/November 2016 Increasing reducing ability/ Toenemende reduserende vermoé

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