Marine Sciences Grade 12 P2 NSC November 2023 Memo (Afr)

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NASIONALE SENIOR SERTIFIKAAT GRAAD 12 MARIENE WETENSKAPPE V2 NOVEMBER 2023 NASIENRIGLYNE PUNTE: 150 Hierdie nasienriglyne bestaan uit 21 bladsye. Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 2 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne BEGINSELS MET BETREKKING TOT NASIEN VAN MARIENE WETENSKAPPE 1. Indien meer inligting as die puntetoekenning gegee word Hou op nasien nadat die Maximum punte verkry is en trek 'n kronkellyn en dui 'Max' punte in die regterkantse kantlyn aan. 2. Indien, byvoorbeeld, drie redes vereis en vyf word gegee Sien net die eerste drie na, ongeag daarvan of almal of sommige korrek/nie korrek is nie. 3. Indien die hele proses beskryf word terwyl slegs 'n deel vereis word Lees die hele proses gegee en krediteer die relevante dele. 4. Indien vergelykings vereis, maar beskrywings gegee word Aanvaar die beskrywing indien die verskille/ooreenkomste duidelik is. 5. As geannoteerde diagramme aangebied word in plaas van beskrywings wat vereis word Sien die beskrywing na. 6. Indien vloeidiagramme i.p.v. beskrywings aangebied word Sien slegs die beskrywing na. 7. Indien die volgorde van 'n beskrywing vaag is en skakels nie sin maak nie Waar volgorde en skakels korrek is, word punte gegee. As 'n logiese volgorde voortgaan, word punte gegee. 8. Nie-erkende afkortings Aanvaar die afkorting indien dit aan begin van antwoord omskryf is. Indien dit nie omskryf is nie, moenie die nie-erkende afkorting krediteer nie, maar krediteer die res van die antwoord indien dit korrek is. 9. Verkeerd genommer Indien die antwoord in die regte volgorde van die vrae pas, maar die verkeerde nommer word gegee, word punte gegee indien die antwoord in die korrekte volgorde is. 10. Indien die taal wat gebruik word, die bedoelde betekenis verander Moenie die antwoord aanvaar nie. 11. Spelfoute Indien 'n woord herkenbaar is (indien dit hardop gelees word), aanvaar die antwoord, met die voorbehoud dat dit nie iets anders in die termonologie van Mariene Wetenskappe beteken nie of as dit buite konteks is. 12. In AFDELING A, aanvaar en kredieer slegs die korrekte letter. 13. Wees sensitief vir die betekenis van 'n antwoord, wat op 'n ander manier aangebied kan word. 14. Opskrif Alle illustrasies (bv. diagramme, grafieke en tabelle) moet 'n opskrif hê wat boaan of onderaan geskryf staan. Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 3 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne 15. Vermenging van amptelike tale (terme/konsepte) 'n Term of konsep in enige amptelike taal anders as die leerder se assesseringstaal waarin sy/haar antwoorde aangebied word, moet gekrediteer word, indien dit korrek is. 'n Nasiener wat in die inhoud van Mariene Wetenskappe en die amptelike taal vaardig is, behoort geraadpleeg te word. Dit geld vir alle amptelike tale. 16. Veranderinge aan die nasienriglyne Geen veranderinge mag aan die nasienriglyne aangebring word nie. Die provinsiale interne moderator behoort geraadpleeg te word, wat met die nasionale interne moderator moet beraadslaag (en die Umalusi moderator). 17. Amptelike nasienriglyne Slegs nasienriglyne wat die handtekeninge van die nasionale interne moderator en Umalusi-moderatore bevat en deur die Nasionale Departement van Basiese Onderwys via die provinsies versprei word, mag gebruik word. Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 4 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne AFDELING A VRAAG 1 1.1 1.1.1 D  1.1.2 B  1.1.3 A  1.1.4 A  1.1.5 C  1.1.6 A  1.1.7 C  1.1.8 B  1.1.9 C  1.1.10 B  (10 x 2) (20) 1.2 1.2.1 Aboral  surface 1.2.2 (Tidal) ebb  1.2.3 Gill rakers  1.2.4 Pedicellariae  1.2.5 Otoliths  / ossicles 1.2.6 Tapetum  1.2.7 Protochordates  1.2.8 Heterodontic  1.2.9 Oophagy  1.2.10 Urogenital opening (10 x 1) (10) 1.3 1.3.1 B only  1.3.2 Both A and B  1.3.3 A only  1.3.4 None  1.3.5 Both A and B  (5 x 2) (10) [40] TOTAAL AFDELING A: 40 Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 5 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne AFDELING B VRAAG 2 2.1 2.1.1 MARKING GUIDELINES MARK CRITERIA ALLOCATION Descriptive heading (H) ½ Heading includes both variables (Time and ½ average weight of microplastics) (V) Type of graph: Bar graph (T) ½ Independent variable (I) ½ (X-axis: Time) Dependent variable (D) ½ (Y-axis: Average weight of microplastics) Label for X-axis (XL) ½ Label for Y-axis (YL) ½ Unit of measurement of X-axis (XM) ½ Unit of measurement of Y-axis (YM) ½ Formatting of bars: Bars width equal (BW) ½ Bars spaces equal (BS) ½ Appropriate scale on Y-axis (YS) ½ Plotting (P) ANY (4 x ½) 2 (8) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 6 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne 2.1.2 - The average weight of primary microplastics decreased from 2019 to 2021  - Then in 2022 (to 2023), the average weight of primary microplastics increased (2) 2.1.3 - Less plastic waste during lockdown in 2020  - Increased usage of environmentally-friendly products  - More awareness of using more biodegradable products  - Less plastic could be due to higher rainfall that washes plastic away  (Accept any logical relevant answer. Mark first 1) (1) 2.1.4 (a) Greenwashing  (1) (b) - Track microplastics to source  - and fine companies that contribute to microplastics  OR - Implement policies surrounding quality control  of material - (The industry’s self-regulating body) can fine companies that do not comply  (Mark reason and explanation. Mark first pair) (2) (14) 2.2 2.2.1 - The increase in fresh water  - will decrease the salinity  in the rock pools (Mark cause and effect) (2) 2.2.2 - Seaweed holdfasts  - Needs to anchor them to rocks  - Broad feet  of limpets - needs to hold onto rocks  - Byssal threads  of mussels - needs to hold onto rocks  - Tube feet of echinoderms - need to be strong enough to hold on  - Shells  of molluscs - protects them from heavy wave action  - Tubes made of calcium carbonate / strongly glued sand particles - protects them from heavy wave action  - Barnacles secrete cement compound  / retract themselves - for protection from heavy wave action  (Mark adaptation and reason. Mark first 2 pairs) (4) (6) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 7 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne 2.3 2.3.1 Upper  shore (1) 2.3.2 - Plough snails prefer moderate wave action  - and water with little turbulence  (2) 2.3.3 - Meiofaunal food chain * - As the mollusc is decomposed * / broken down - by the bacteria / protists / worms and - more / increased amounts of nutrients are released back  into the ocean / sandy substrate / ecosystem (2 Compulsory marks * + any 1) (3) (6) 2.4 2.4.1 a) Bumpy edge provides extra lift / reduces drag (1) b) - Less energy will be used while swimming  - Will not tire (as easily) while swimming  - Journey will be quicker  - Pregnant females will be able to travel in a less strenuous manner  (Accept any other relevant logical answer) (1) 2.4.2 - By looking at the process in nature  - to find many different ways to be more energy efficient  OR - Adaptations that have been developed and tested in nature  - can be used to provide new technological solutions  OR - Structures/processes that have been developed in nature  - can be implemented to reduce developmental costs  (Mark any pair) (Accept any other logical relevant answer) (2) 2.4.3 - A problem was identified  (to provide extra lift for the blades to rotate). - (Mammal) specialists were called in to explain / investigate how nature has found solutions to similar problem  - The (biological) solutions found in nature are translated into principles / blueprints / mechanisms / recipes / strategies that can be applied to human designs - design a nature-inspired solution for their particular challenge  (1 Compulsory * for applying to scenario + any 3 steps) (4) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 8 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne 2.4.4 - Make use of abundantly available materials  - Use recycled materials / renewable materials / design for a circular economy - Use materials that do not require extreme temperatures / pressure (3) 2.4.5 If YES - Could improve fuel efficiency  - Could develop a quieter aircraft  If NO - Research funds should be used to address problems  (such as frictional drag) - Safety might be questionable as the design has not fully been tested  - We do not need to re-invent helicopters  (Open ended question. Accept any logical relevant answer) (1 mark for answer and motivation corresponding) (1 mark for motivation) (2) (13) [39] Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 9 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne VRAAG 3 3.1 3.1.1 - Hagfish secrete large amounts of slime  (through slime glands) - that could block the gills  (of predators) / making hagfish difficult for predators to grip / that is unpalatable to predators (2) 3.1.2 (a) Open-ended question. Do not mark the organism The Six-gilled Hagfish/ Eptatretus hexatrema - Hagfish are scavengers on the seafloor  - where the baited hooks will be  - Have barbels / nostrils - which enable them to sense / locate / find bait - Hooks might get stuck into keratin teeth / rigid tongue - increasing their chances of being reeled in  - Lack / absence of sight  - which reduces the ability of them seeing the hook  (Mark statement and reason) (Mark the first 2 pairs) Accept any other logical relevant answer for reasons OR The Sea Bass / Dicentrarchus labrax - Olfactory cells  - can detect bait scent  - Good eyesight  - for detecting movement of bait  - Fish are found higher up in the water column  - where they will see the bait first  - Vacuum-like feeding mechanism  - is a rapid movement that can involuntary suck in bait  (Mark statement and reason) (Mark the first 2 pairs) (Accept any other logical relevant answer for reasons) (4) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 10 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne (b) The Six-gill Hagfish / Eptatretus hexatrema - Muscular body  - provides forceful movement  - Tail fringe / Caudal fin - allows for forward propulsion  - Worm-like body  - allows for easy movement  in the water (Mark statement and reason) (Mark the first pair) (Accept any other logical relevant answer for reasons) OR The Sea Bass / Dicentrarchus labrax - Multiple fins  - allow for more precise movement  - Larger mass  - which makes the Sea Bass difficult to reel in  - Bony skeleton  - allows for more attachment of muscles for better movement  (Mark statement and reason) (Mark the first pair) (Accept any other logical relevant answer for reasons) (2) (8) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 11 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne 3.2 3.2.1 - Blend in / camouflage with the environment / Blend in with the seafloor  - To sneak up on prey / prevent predation  (2) 3.2.2 - Nasal pouches / nostrils would be reduced  / absent - which allow sharks to detect tiny amounts of substances  (like blood or rotting flesh) - therefore they are unable to sense body fluids  of prey OR - There will be fewer Ampullae of Lorenzini  - which can detect the small electric fields  produced by living animals and - hence animal movement around them  - therefore they will not be able to detect animals concealed  in the dark or underneath the sediment of the sea floor. (Mark first organ only) (Organ with corresponding function and explanation) (3) (5) 3.3 3.3.1 Green Turtle  (1) 3.3.2 - Reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood stream  before she starts a dive - reducing the ability to stay under water  / submerged for longer. OR - It will lead to a decrease in respiration  - which results in less energy  OR - Less oxygen in the blood stream  - making diving bradycardia ineffective  (Mark first pair) (2) 3.3.3 - Their flesh is a popular food  - They are heavily exploited for their attractive shells  / shells have ornamental value - Lower hatchling survival due to human disturbance (light, climate change)  - 4 x 4 vehicles driving on beaches where breeding  - Human activity on the beach/ human disturbance  - Plastic ingestion  (Mark first 2) (Any other logical relevant answer) (2) (5) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 12 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne 3.4 3.4.1 - Feathers trap air between them  - thus providing effective insulation  OR - waterproofing due to preen glands  - traps air between feathers to provide insulation  OR - Counter-current heat exchange  / CCHE systems - reduces heat loss  OR - Diving bradycardia  - reduces the rate of heat loss  (Mark first pair) (2) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 13 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne 3.4.2 MARKING GUIDELINES CRITERIA ELABORATION MARK ALLOCATION Correct Resembles breathing drawing (D) mechanism found in bird. (Drawing of the bird outline not necessary) 1 Suitable Descriptive heading 1 heading (H) Drawing - Drawing in pencil ½ technique (T) - Drawing neat, single lines (not sketching) ½ Labels (L) Mark any 2 2 Arrows (A) Arrows indicating direction of 1 flow Diagram showing the breathing mechanism in the Cape Gannet (6) (8) 3.5 3.5.1 The population of frogs will decrease  (Accept any logical, relevant answer) (1) 3.5.2 - Eggs require water  - for development  as it is permeable - Moisture on skin  / moist skin - is needed for effective gaseous exchange  (Mark statement and reason)(Mark first 2 pairs) (4) (5) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 14 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne 3.6 Pinnipeds Cetaceans Mate/fertilise on land  Mate/fertilise in water  Birth offspring on land  Birth offspring in water  Offspring altricial / not able to Offspring precocial / can go into the water swim after birth Parents feed in the ocean and Feed in the water  bring food to pups on land  (Tabulate 1 mark) (Mark first 2 pairs) (5) (5) [36] TOTAAL AFDELING B: 75 Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 15 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne AFDELING C When marking essays, be aware of maximum marks per subsection (indicate with the designated letter to keep track) and compulsory marks per section (indicate with C). The breakdown of the synthesis marks is indicated for each question. Credit valid points content points which may come from external reading, but keep to maximum allocations per subsection. ASSESSING THE PRESENTATION OF THE ESSAY MARK 2 1 0 ALLOCATION The introduction Some attempt to There is no shows a contextual write an introduction. link that the introduction/ Starts with the candidate stated intention of asked content understands what essay but to a straight away. the question is, by: large extent using Provides the wording from randomly Correctly stating in the question. arranged facts. INTRODUCTION their own words Unclear that 2 marks what the question candidate fully Restating the (INTR) is about AND understands the question describing the topic. intention/ purpose of the essay. Stated the intention of the essay in their own words. The internal Some paragraph All content structure of a division but is sections written paragraph clearly unclear (not as one planned. One main linked) why paragraph. aspect / idea content is USE OF discussed in a grouped in these PARAGRAPHS paragraph. If more paragraphs. 2 marks than one aspect is (PAR) discussed in a paragraph, the connection is clearly visible. Sufficient An attempt to 25% or less of the information with write on the topic, content that the many good points but only 26% to learner RELEVANCE made, 50% or 49% of the addressed is 2 marks more of the content content relevant to the (REL) is relevant to the discussed in the topic asked. question asked. essay is relevant to the question asked. Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 16 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne Paragraphs show Generally clear Very difficult to logical sequence sequence but read the essay as and are some facts not in no logical demonstrably place - content sequence. Many LOGICAL linked to each provided is facts with no clear SEQUENCE other. correct but is layout. Clearly 2 marks meant to be in a unplanned. (LSEQ) different (relevant) paragraph. Essay poorly planned. Clearly bringing the An attempt to No conclusion. aspects discussed write a Learner clearly in the essay conclusion, but stopped after the together in a final closely quotes content CONCLUSION paragraph in own the words of the paragraphs – no 2 marks words. question asked. attempt to pull the (CONC) Still shows ideas together. linkage of the topic to their response. (10) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 17 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne VRAAG 4 INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH - Must discuss MPA in relation to the area - Must NOT include the direct wording of the question. What is an MPA (M) - Is an area of the ocean that is given greater protection than surrounding areas,  - Biosphere reserves  / fishery reserve / harvest refuge / marine reserve / marine park / marine sanctuary / no take marine reserve (give one example) - It is a clearly defined geographical space,  - recognised, dedicated, and managed through legal  / effective means - to achieve the conservation of nature  / cultural values. - They restrict human exploitation  / overuse / misuse. - It protects the environment and the organisms living within it.  - Promoting ecological stability,  - rehabilitation and restoration.  Max (5) Formulation of MPA (F) Checklist should be more or less in order (at least 4 steps) * Applying Pressey’s list to INFANTA and WITSAND * - Identify stakeholders and inform them of the conservation initiative  / idea (e.g. Cape Nature / Resident Conservation Society researching the area). - Set goals for the (conservation) system  - Inform stakeholders of the state of the plants, animals / species in the area.  - Discuss how the residents could (potentially) benefit from the expansion, with the stakeholders  - Discuss the (potential) pros and cons of the expansion with users (fishers, tourists, divers, game rangers, conservation officials, scientists etc.)  - Data on the features to be represented (and protected such as fish counts) are compiled and evaluated. - Conservation goals are translated into quantitative targets  / goals, benefits and objectives are communicated to all parties involved (via WhatsApp groups and signage boards). - Contribution of existing reserves to meeting targets is determined  (like at Stilbaai) - Algorithms or irreplaceability analyses are used to show how this area will meet conservation goals.  - Conservation action is implemented  / Residents are made aware of final outcomes of the planning process - An adaptive management approach / such as closing easy access roads / improved awareness / campaigning - based on constant monitoring of the conservation system is followed  / residents can be involved in local management of monitoring of the conservation system 2 Compulsory marks* + 6 steps Max (8) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 18 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne Successful implementation (S) - The vulnerability status of the habitat  / organisms is decreasing. - Biodiversity abundance is increasing.  - Spawner biomass increases.  - Adjacent yield is more abundant  / spill-over effect. - Successful research can be conducted in the area. - Monitoring if actual steps are occurring (not just on paper). - The human impact on the area is decreasing.  - Environmental Education is taking place in the area  / greater awareness of the conservation status of the area. Accept any other logical relevant answer Min 3 Including A (A) - This area is an estuary,  - which is a breeding ground  / nursery for aquatic species - Often rich in nutrients (from upstream)  - Estuaries are seen as biodiversity hotspots  - More sustainable tourism practices  Accept any other logical relevant answer Min 2 Max (9) Economic (E) Learner gets 1 mark if trend and reasoning correspond. 2 marks for expansion Positive - Ecotourism will increase.  - There will be more income for conservation  / research / awareness programmes. - Opportunities within the MPA can lead to economic stability for the residents  - Researchers / universities might conduct studies in the area.  - Government / private investment in the area might increase.  OR Negative - The local people will not be able to live off the land as they used to.  - Jobs based on nature tourism might be lost.  - People might move away from the area, leading to a decrease in population.  - New legislations might limit the activities the local people do in the area  (less entrepreneurial freedom). Accept any other logical relevant answer Max (3) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 19 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne CONCLUDING PARAGRAPH - Must link MPA in relation to the area. - Must NOT include the wording of the question. Content: (25) Synthesis: (10) (35) VRAAG 5 INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH - Must relate overtourism to the ecosystem / rehabilitation - Must NOT include the direct wording of the question. Influence of tourists (I) - Tourists are using the area for their pleasure, leading to unintentional damage to the environment.  - The siteʹs carrying capacity is reached  / overcrowding. - Increased waste, litter and sewage.  - Organisms in the area might be chased away/ trampled upon. - Sound pollution increases.  - To prevent overharvesting (by sports fishing not swimmers) - Boating activities place anchor buoys  which drag along the seafloor Accept any other logical relevant answer Max (4) Success of closure (S) - Monitor that litter decreases.  - Measure plant growth increasing.  - Algae populations becoming more abundant.  - Fish populations size increase.  - Fish biodiversity increases.  - Catch yield of fishers increases.  - Bird life returning.  - Animals will use the area as a nesting  / breeding ground. - Rare / endemic species population increases  / vulnerability levels of organisms improve. - Ecosystem starts to stabilise.  - Water chemistry returns to normal.  - Decrease in water pollutants.  Accept any other logical relevant answer Max (7) Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 20 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne Utilised (U) - - Research  - e.g. Universities can use the area as a real world case study for their students  / An area to compare with other study sites. - Monitoring  - e.g. population size, fish stock, pollutant levels.  - Ecotourism  - e.g. Tourism activities that promote a stable, functioning area.  - Low-impact recreation  - e.g. Have individuals (tourists) using the area in a reasonable manner that does not degrade the environment.  - Education  - e.g. This area can be used for school excursions that will promote education  / This area can be used as a training ground for students. - Exploitation  - e.g. Once the area has stabilised, sustainable harvesting of the area.  Accept a logical description of the term Mark any two uses (use and description) Max (4) Ecotourism promoted (E) - Prevent overtourism by regulating the amount of people entering the area  / by charging an entrance fee - Impact assessments can be conducted on a regular basis  - to monitor: the stability of the area  / waste / ecosystem / plants / animals / geology - Allocate funds to maintain the stable environment.  - Plan for each tourist season in advance to ensure that infrastructure and services can cope with the number of tourists.  - Educate the communities on the fragile nature of the area.  - Employ guides that are properly trained  / briefed / educated / prepared. - Guides implement and apply ecotourism principles to minimise impact  - Audit tourist operators’ practices to assess their environmental impact.  - Interact with the area in an environmentally conscious manner.  - Activities promoting ecological balance is rewarded  / implemented. - Boards / signage promoting ecotourism can be erected. - Law enforcement can impose fines for people who do not act in line.  - Ecotourism income is used to enhance the local community and its infrastructure (employment, health clinic, transport, education). (8) Accept any other logical relevant answer Max Kopiereg voorbehou Blaai om asseblief

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Mariene Wetenskappe/V2 21 DBE/November 2023 NSS – Nasienriglyne Sustainable (S) 1 mark if Opinion and motivation correlates 1 mark for motivation If “YES” - By following the formulated plan, the area can be rehabilitated. - Less human interaction with the beach resulting in less litter, chemicals, pollutants. If “NO” - The area is too close to large developments for rehabilitation to occur.  - The area is so popular that people will keep flocking to it.  Accept any logical/ relevant answer. Max (2) CONCLUDING PARAGRAPH - Must link overtourism to the ecosystem / rehabilitation. - Must NOT include the wording of the question. Content (25) Synthesis (10) (35) TOTAAL AFDELING C: 35 GROOTTOTAAL: 150 Kopiereg voorbehou