Agricultural Management Practices Grade 12 2013 Memo (Eng)

Downloaded from hlayiso.com NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FEBRUARY/MARCH 2013 MEMORANDUM MARKS: 200 This memorandum consists of 11 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Management Practices 2 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013 NSC – Memorandum SECTION A QUESTION 1.1 QUESTION 1.3 1.1.1 A B  C D 1.3.1 Contours/terracing  1.1.2 A B C D 1.3.2 Monoculture  1.1.3 A B C D 1.1.4 A B C D 1.3.3 Depreciation  1.1.5 A B C D 1.3.4 Business plan  1.1.6 A B C D 1.1.7 A B C D 1.3.5 Productivity  1.1.8 A B C D 1.3.6 Fixed  1.1.9 A B C D 1.3.7 Source document/receipt/invoice  1.1.10 A B C D (10 x 2) (20) 1.3.8 Processing/value-adding  1.3.9 Agri-tourism  QUESTION 1.2 1.3.10 Packaging  (10 x 1) (10) 1.2.1 E 1.2.2 G 1.2.3 C 1.2.4 K 1.2.5 H 1.2.6 I 1.2.7 J  1.2.8 B  1.2.9 D  1.2.10 F (10 x 2) (20) TOTAL SECTION A: 50 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Management Practices 3 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013 NSC – Memorandum SECTION B QUESTION 2: ANIMAL AND CROP PRODUCTION 2.1 Law of diminishing return • Agricultural production can usually be increased by increasing production inputs.  • However at a certain stage the output does not increase in the same ratio as the input.  (2) 2.2.1 The list of duties attached to the type of farm worker (a) Tractor driver – labourer  (b) Cleaning of animals housing – labourer  (c) Weeding – labourer  (d) Keeping record – farm foreman/manager  (e) Organising the work to be done – farm foreman/manager  (f) Erecting a fence – labourer  (6) 2.2.2 Differentiate between farm managers and farm workers (a) Type of work • Farm Manager o Are trained to do certain duties/skilled labourer  o Know how to do cognitive challenging tasks o Administrative work /management tasks (Any 1) • Farm Workers o Not trained or partially trained to do the particular work  o Do not perform cognitive challenging work  o Perform common tasks/hands on  (Any 1) (2) (b) Responsibilities • Manager o Responsible for different managerial tasks o Do work that involves more responsibility  (Any 1) • Labourers o Do work with less responsibility  o Not responsible for managerial work  (Any 1) (2) 2.3.1 Description of credit • Credit is when borrowing money which is paid back with interests (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Management Practices 4 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013 NSC – Memorandum 2.3.2 Four sources of credit in agriculture • Land bank  • Agricultural bank • Commercial bank • Co-operatives • Insurance companies • Service providers / agents (Any 4) (4) 2.3.3 Name three types of credit and the purpose Long term credit Medium term Short term credit credit Timeframe 10 – 20 years 5 – 10 years 1 – 5 years Purpose Used to purchase Used to buy Used to purchase land and its fixed livestock and production goods improvements such agricultural that are to be as buildings, machinery.  used within one fences, boreholes production etc.  season, such as feed, fuel etc. (6) 2.4.1 Identification of the picture • It is a hand sprayer  (1) 2.4.2 Explain the use of the equipment • Livestock farmer o Apply pesticides  o Apply insecticides  o Disinfecting buildings/structures (Any 2) • Crop farmer o Apply herbicides  o Apply insecticides  o Fertigation/foliar application of fertilizer  (Any 2) (4) 2.5.1 Practical application of GPS • Global positioning system(GPS) – allows farmers to easily survey the land,  • It presents a series of GIS maps (2) 2.5.2 Practical application of GIS • Geographical information system(GIS) – it consists of a computer software data base system • Used to input data obtained • Retrieve data from equipment and satellites • Analyse data received from different sources • And display the relevant data  • In a map like form spatially referenced geographical information (Any 4) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Management Practices 5 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013 NSC – Memorandum 2.5.3 Practical application of VRT • Variable rate technology(VRT) – consists of farm fields equipment with the ability to precisely control the rate of application of crop inputs • And tillage operations (2) 2.6 Four soil qualities making soil texture an important soil property • Soil fertility • Water holding capacity of the soil • Physical activity • Erode ability of the soil (4) 2.7 Relationship between water infiltration and clay content • The higher the clay content of soils • The lower the infiltration of water will be  Or • The lower the clay content of soils • The higher the infiltration of water will be  (2) 2.8.1 Identification of the farm implement • It is a combine harvester/ harvester  (1) 2.8.2 Main benefits • Harvesting in bulk especially larger areas  • Saving on time/ faster method of harvesting  • Saving on labour  • Not a large capital investment because the farmer make use of a contractor  • Can be more cost effective  • Make use of skilled workers/labourers to handle equipment  (Any 4) (4) 2.9 Three veld types • Sour veld  • Sweet veld  • Mixed veld  (3) [50] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Management Practices 6 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013 NSC – Memorandum QUESTION 3: RECORDING, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP 3.1.1 FIVE reasons why the farm enterprise should keep record • Physical aspects • Financial aspects  • Climatologically information • Labour information. • Mechanical maintenance information  • Marketing information of the farm  • To provide a reliable source of information  • Determine profitability of the farm • For budgeting  • To access the bank balances  • Tax returns  (Any 3) (3) 3.1.2 THREE requirements of a good business record It should be: • Clear/simple • Concise/easy to use • Specific  • Realistic  • Relevant  • Complete  • Useful/meet specific needs of the farm  • Up to date  (Any 3) (3) 3.1.3 THREE methods to keep the farm business records • Record books • Computers • Files • Cell phone  (Any 3) (3) 3.2 Calculation of the Gross and the Net profit Activity/Transaction Amount • Selling price (15 bags at R81.25 each )  = R1218.75 • Cost price (15 bags at R65.00 each )  = R975.00 • Gross profit :selling price less cost price  = R 243.75 • Expenses = R200.00 • Net profit : Gross profit less Expenses = R 43.75 (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Management Practices 7 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013 NSC – Memorandum 3.3 FOUR characteristics of the vision and mission statements of the farm business It should be: • Challenging  • Exciting  • Concrete  • Specific  • Attainable/realistic • Indicate long term and short term aims/different timeframes  (Any 4) (4) 3.4 Describe meaning of budgets • Budgets – are working documents • That are drawn up and are used to monitor progress • To plan alternatives  • To correct deviations. • They are based on projected incomes  • And projected expenditures  • Based on previous information • Never relate it to true results  (Any 4) (4) 3.5 Complete Deposit slip NB: Only one answer to each question. More answers – no mark allocated 3.5.1 Account number • 0194236429 (1) 3.5.2 Credit • Joy-Smile livestock producers (1) 3.5.3 Notes • 4500,00 / 4500,  NB cents (1) 3.5.4 Coins • 1500,00 / 1500,  NB cents (1) 3.5.5 Bank • Standard Bank (1) 3.5.6 Branch code • 07746 (1) 3.5.7 Value • 3000,00 / 3000,  NB cents (1) 3.5.8 Total • 9000,00 / 9000,  NB cents (1) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Management Practices 8 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013 NSC – Memorandum 3.6.1 Assets and liabilities ASSETS LIABILITIES Debtors Co-op accounts Investments Creditors (4) 3.6.2 THREE main contributing factors to the liabilities • Loans • Outstanding debts • Outstanding accounts (3) 3.6.3 Effect of high liabilities • Eligibility of the farm enterprise will be negatively affected  • The farm enterprise may be bankrupt  • Negative effect on liquidity  (Any 2) (2) 3.7.1 (a) Calculate gross profit • Purchases = 334 000 + 377 500 = 711 500  • Sales = 360 000 + 425 000 = 785 000  • Gross Profit = 785 000 – 711 500 = 73 500  (3) (b) Calculate net profit Total costs = 18 000 + 20 000 = 38 000  Net profit = 73 500 – 38 000 = 35 500  (2) 3.7.2 Deduce economic viability Economic viability = 35 500 + 24 000 = 59 500  OR The company is economic viable  AND The company is economically viable because it shows a profit And there are stock left to sell  (3) [50] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Management Practices 9 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013 NSC – Memorandum QUESTION 4: HARVESTING, VALUE-ADDING, MARKETING, AGRI-TOURISM AND INDUSTRY 4.1.1 Method of harvesting in rocky steep areas • Hand harvesting  (1) 4.1.2 Harvesting large areas • Machine harvesting  (1) 4.1.3 Four disadvantages hand harvesting • Time – Slower/ consumes time  • Area – Covers small area/ smaller fields  • Labour – Uses a lot of labour/ more labour intensive  • Quality – Lower quality / contaminated harvested produce  (4) 4.2.1 Graph of supply and demand SUPPLY AND DEMAND SCHEDULE 25 20 15 Price (R) Supply 10 Demand 5 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Quantity Marking Rubric • Heading  • Labelling and value of x – axes and y – axes • Legend / labelling graphs • Correct supply graph • Correct demand graph (5) 4.2.2 Market equilibrium • R16,00/ kg  (exact value) (1) 4.2.3 Explain reason for shortage • When the price is low the consumers buy more of the produce  • When the price is low farmers produce /market less of the crop produce  • Political instability/factors  • Socio-economic factors  • Natural disasters/ hail/ draught/ floods (Any 2) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Management Practices 10 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013 NSC – Memorandum 4.3.1 Three factors controlled in silo • Temperature  • Moisture  • Air  • Light  (Any 3) (3) 4.3.2 Name two organism/animals that may damage crop • Insect pests/ weevil/ worms • Rodents/ rats/ mice • Livestock/ cattle/ goats/ sheep/ poultry/ pigs (Any 2) (2) 4.4.1 Reasons for preserving of an agricultural product • Safeguarding food against decay and food do not waste  • Food security/Produce high quality food on a big scale for large amount of people  • To supply food constantly to the market throughout the year  • To have certain food types in non – producing areas  (Any 3) (3) 4.4.2 Methods of preservation • Applying of heat/pasteurisation/sterilization/blanching  • Cooling/freezing of product  • Irradiation  • Filtration  • Salting  • Fumigation  • Chemical preservatives (Any 4) (4) 4.5 Assistance to farmers by producer organizations • Negotiate credits with banks on behalf of the farmers.  • Organize inputs and negotiate discounts on behalf of the farmers.  • Organize markets for the farmers.  • Provide technical/ scientific advices to the farmers.  • Give market information • Advertise and promote agricultural products (Any 4) (4) 4.6 Five items for Agri-tourism • Canteen  • Health centre or First Aid kit  • Tour guide  • Toilet  • Small museum  • Transport • Computers (Any 5) (5) 4.7.1 Explain reason for evaluation • To see whether expenditure is to high • To improve profitability/ to save costs/ cutting costs  • Determine if expenditure is according to the budget  (Any 2) (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Downloaded from hlayiso.com Agricultural Management Practices 11 DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2013 NSC – Memorandum 4.7.2 Reducing costs • Service the tractor to cut fuel consumption • Do more than one cultivation at once • Practice minimum or no cultivation • Use different implements to cut fuel costs • Make use of organic farming methods • Plant pest resistant crops • Make use of a maintenance plan to reduce high breakage costs • Investigate the possible use of generic chemicals that is less expensive • Make use of second hand parts (Any 6) (6) 4.8 Essential information on labels • Name of the farm  • Name of the product  • Quantity of produce  • Packaging date/expiry date  • Warning on possible allergies to consumers  • Ingredients used in producing the products  • Preservatives used  • Nutritional value  • Contact information of the producer  (Any 5) (5) 4.9 Safety measures • Wearing of protective clothing  • Cut things away/ far from your body  • Keep the work place clean and tidy  • The work place must be well ventilated/ open windows  • Use the correct tool for the correct purpose  • Keep the floors clean and dry  • Do not play/ run-around the work place  (Any 2) (2) [50] TOTAL SECTION B: 150 GRAND TOTAL: 200 Copyright reserved