GEO 11 Support Pack for Geomorphology geographical skills

Study & Master Support Pack | Grade 11 CAPS Geography Geomorphology – geographical skills and techniques This support pack for the Geomorphology – geographical skills and techniques module in the Geography Grade 11 CAPS curriculum provides valuable revision activities. All activities have the answers provided. Learners can work through these individually at home or these could form the basis of a catch-up class or online lesson. You have permission to print or photocopy this document or distribute it electronically via email or WhatsApp. For more information on our Study & Master CAPS-approved  textbooks and valuable resource materials, visit www.cambridge.org Brighter Thinking | Better Learning

Geomorphology – geographical skills and techniques QUESTION 1 QUESTION 2 Choose the correct underlined word/words for each Choose whether the statement is True or False. Write statement. Write down the question number and the down the question number and ‘T’ or ‘F’ only. underlined word/words only. 1. Geomorphology and geology are exactly the same 1. The contour interval on a topographical map is thing. usually 10/20/30/40 metres. 2. The electromagnetic spectrum includes the 2. VE stands for vertical effort/vertical elevation/ infrared spectrum. vertical exaggeration/volume erosion. 3. Resolution refers to the amount of detail on a map 3. Intervisibility means that A can be seen from B/A or image. cannot be seen from B/A and B are at the same 4. Digitising is important in a GIS. altitude/A and B are not at the same altitude. 5. Geomorphology is not concerned with slopes and 4. During fieldwork, geomorphologists will often slope angles. (5×1) collect air samples/vegetation samples/sediment [5] samples/butterflies. 5. In a GIS, shapefiles store information regarding QUESTION 3 the location of points or places/the location of points Copy the following into your notebook and construct and places and information regarding them/just a cross-section from X to Y. [8] information, but not the actual location/none of the previous.(5×2) [10] 167 X Y 120 110 160 140 130 150 140 130 130 140 m 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 1 000 m Figure 1 Cross-section exercise S T U DY & M A S T E R G e o m o r p h o l o g y – g e o g r a p h i c a l s k i l l s a n d t e c h n i q u e s 1

QUESTION 4 QUESTION 7 Explain the difference between spatial and attribute Give the opposite, or opposite term, for each of the data in a GIS. [10] following with regard to geographical techniques and geomorphology: QUESTION 5 1. above sea level Describe and explain how and why geomorphologists 2. flat or even surface conduct fieldwork. [10] 3. vertical 4. high resolution QUESTION 6 5. erosion(5×1) Define the following: [5] 1. vector  [Total: 58 marks] 2. coordinate 3. eastings and northings 4. spot height 5. landform(5×2) [10] Answers QUESTION 1 QUESTION 2 1. 20 ✓✓ 1. F ✓ 4. T ✓ 2. vertical exaggeration ✓✓ 2. T ✓ 5. F ✓ 3. A can be seen from B ✓✓ 3. T ✓  (5×1) 4. sediment samples ✓✓ [5] 5. the location of points and places and information regarding them ✓✓  (5×2) QUESTION 3 [10] Your completed cross-section should look like this: 167 X Y 160 120 110 140 130 150 140 130 130 140 m 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 1 000 m Cross-section from X to Y [8] 2 S T U DY & M A S T E R S U P P O R T PA C K

QUESTION 4 QUESTION 5 Spatial data are used to provide the visual Geomorphology is a field subject. ✓ It is possible to representation of a geographic space and are observe landforms ✓ and processes such as weathering stored as raster and vector types. ✓ Spatial data and erosion ✓ from photographs and images. ✓ are a combination of location data and value data However, to study and understand them, fieldwork is needed to generate a map. ✓ We need coordinates or needed. ✓ The field refers to the natural or human- vectors to plot and represent points, lines and areas modified environment of landforms, ✓ and the (polygons). ✓ processes responsible for forming and modifying Attribute data are the data (information) associated them. ✓ Because geomorphologists really need to with our points, lines and areas. ✓ Attribute data are understand the processes that shape the landscape ✓ classified into one of four levels of measurement: (weathering, erosion and deposition) ✓ they must • Nominal data are at the lowest level of go into the field and observe and measure these measurement. It uses names to quantify features processes. ✓ [10] using types or classes. In a settlement context, examples would include houses, shops, schools and QUESTION 6 places of worship. ✓ 1. vector: a quantity or phenomenon that has • Ordinal data are ranked, but don’t indicate any two independent properties: magnitude and order of magnitude of difference. Examples from direction ✓✓ settlement geography would be hamlet, village, 2. coordinate: a point on a stable, fixed grid system town, city and metropolis. ✓ where two lines cross, which enables us to fix a • Interval data display measurements indicating the position ✓✓ distance between the ranks of measured elements, 3. eastings and northings: lines (typically longitude but the starting point is arbitrarily assigned, for and latitude) starting from a point in the bottom example the Celsius temperature scale. ✓ left-hand corner of a grid (hence east, or right, • Ratio data show the highest level of measurements and north, or above the coordinate) ✓✓ and include an absolute starting point, for example, 4. spot height: height of a point (usually a high property values in a city. ✓ point) on a topographical map ✓✓ Attribute data are used in combination with 5. landform: a physical feature, of any size, on the spatial data to create a GIS. The better and more Earth’s surface. Hills, mountains, valleys, and even detailed and relevant the attribute data, the more ripples on a stream bed, and molehills, are all reliable and the higher the quality of the GIS landforms. ✓✓ (5×2) outputs. ✓ The result is a better analysis and [10] management tool. ✓ QUESTION 7  [10] 1. above sea level – below sea level ✓ 2. flat or even surface – uneven or undulating surface ✓ 3. vertical – horizontal ✓ 4. high resolution – low resolution ✓ 5. erosion – deposition ✓ (5×1) [5] [Total: 58 marks] S T U DY & M A S T E R G e o m o r p h o l o g y – g e o g r a p h i c a l s k i l l s a n d t e c h n i q u e s 3