Economics Grade 10 P2 November Mock Exam 2 2026 QP (Eng)

Mock hlayiso mock exams Practice Series: Grade 10 Exam Preparation WWW.HLAYISO.COM NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 10 ECONOMICS P2 NOVEMBER EXAMINATION 2026 (MOCK) MARKS: 150 TIME: 2 hours This question paper consists of 12 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P2 2 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. Answer FOUR questions as follows in the ANSWER BOOK: SECTION A: COMPULSORY SECTION B: Answer TWO of the three questions. SECTION C: Answer ONE of the two questions. 2. Answer only the required number of questions. Answers in excess of the required number will NOT be marked. 3. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. 4. Write the question number above each answer. 5. Read the questions carefully. 6. Start EACH question on a NEW page. 7. Leave 2–3 lines between subsections of questions. 8. Answer the questions in full sentences and ensure that the format, content and context of your responses comply with the cognitive requirements of the questions. 9. Use only black or blue ink. 10. You may use a non-programmable pocket calculator. 11. Write neatly and legibly. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P2 3 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock SECTION A (COMPULSORY) QUESTION 1 30 MARKS – 20 MINUTES 1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.9 D. 1.1.1 Total utility is at its maximum when marginal utility is … A increasing. B at its highest point. C equal to zero. D equal to total utility. 1.1.2 An indifference curve is convex (bowed in) to the origin because of the … A law of demand. B diminishing marginal rate of substitution. C law of supply. D increasing opportunity cost. 1.1.3 When an economy produces the combination of goods and services that consumers want most, there is … efficiency. A allocative B productive C technical D dynamic 1.1.4 Value-added tax (VAT) is an example of a(n) … tax. A direct B income C indirect D company 1.1.5 If a consumer’s income increases while prices stay the same, the budget line will … A become steeper. B become flatter. C shift parallel to the left. D shift parallel to the right. 1.1.6 Workers who are unemployed for part of the year because their work depends on the time of the year, e.g. fruit pickers, experience … unemployment. A structural B seasonal C cyclical D frictional Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P2 4 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock 1.1.7 The Act that promotes ownership, management control and skills development by black people in the economy is the … Act. A Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment B Skills Development C Labour Relations D Basic Conditions of Employment 1.1.8 The court that has the same status as the High Court and deals with disputes about labour laws is the … A Constitutional Court. B Magistrate’s Court. C Labour Court. D Small Claims Court. (8 x 2) (16) 1.2 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches the item in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–I) next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.2.9 J. COLUMN A COLUMN B 1.2.1 Utility A a line that shows all the combinations of two goods that a consumer can buy with a given income 1.2.2 Marginal utility B the extra satisfaction gained from consuming one more unit of a good 1.2.3 Budget line C a situation in which no one can be made better off without making someone else worse off 1.2.4 Pareto efficiency D people who are excluded from taking full part in the economy, e.g. people in remote rural areas 1.2.5 Price taker E the satisfaction that a consumer gets from consuming a good or service 1.2.6 Workplace forum F a body of elected workers that is consulted by the employer on workplace matters 1.2.7 COIDA G a firm that cannot influence the market price of its product 1.2.8 Marginalised groups H a law that compensates workers who are injured or become ill because of their work I the total value of all final goods and services produced in a country in one year (8 x 1) (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P2 5 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock 1.3 Give ONE term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the question numbers (1.3.1 to 1.3.6) in the ANSWER BOOK. Abbreviations, acronyms and examples will NOT be accepted. 1.3.1 An indirect tax on specific products, such as alcohol and tobacco, to discourage their consumption 1.3.2 The value of the next best alternative that is given up when a choice is made 1.3.3 The process in which firms replace workers with machines 1.3.4 A structured programme that combines classroom learning with practical work experience and leads to a recognised qualification 1.3.5 A body made up of trade unions and employers’ organisations in a sector that negotiates wages and working conditions 1.3.6 The demand for labour that depends on the demand for the goods and services that labour helps to produce (6 x 1) (6) TOTAL SECTION A: 30 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P2 6 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock SECTION B Answer any TWO of the three questions from this section in the ANSWER BOOK. QUESTION 2: MICROECONOMICS 40 MARKS – 30 MINUTES 2.1 Answer the following questions. 2.1.1 Name any TWO characteristics of utility. (2 x 1) (2) 2.1.2 How will an increase in the price of coffee affect the demand for tea? (1 x 2) (2) 2.2 Study the table below and answer the questions that follow. UTILITY THAT A LEARNER GETS FROM GLASSES OF ORANGE JUICE AFTER A SOCCER MATCH Number of glasses Total utility Marginal utility consumed (utils) (utils) 1 30 30 2 54 B 3 A 18 4 84 12 5 90 6 6 90 0 [Fictitious data compiled by the examiner] 2.2.1 Identify the marginal utility of the fourth glass of orange juice in the table above. (1) 2.2.2 At which glass does the marginal utility become zero? (1) 2.2.3 Briefly describe the term law of diminishing marginal utility. (2) 2.2.4 Explain why a rational learner will not buy a seventh glass of orange juice. (2) 2.2.5 Calculate the values represented by A and B in the table above. Show ALL calculations. (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P2 7 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock 2.3 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow. A CONSUMER’S CHOICE BETWEEN BREAD AND MILK Bread (loaves per week) 12 K 10 8 6 F E 4 IC3 2 IC2 IC1 L 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Milk (litres per week) [Fictitious data compiled by the examiner] 2.3.1 Identify the point on the graph above at which the consumer reaches the optimum (best) combination of bread and milk. (1) 2.3.2 Name the line KL on the graph. (1) 2.3.3 Briefly describe the term indifference curve. (2) 2.3.4 Explain why the consumer cannot buy the combination at point F. (2) 2.3.5 The consumer spends the whole weekly budget on bread and milk, and bread costs R12 per loaf. Use the graph to calculate the price of one litre of milk. Show ALL calculations. (4) 2.4 Distinguish between productive efficiency and allocative efficiency in an economy. (2 x 4) (8) 2.5 How does competition among firms benefit consumers and the economy? (4 x 2) (8) [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P2 8 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock QUESTION 3: CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC ISSUES 40 MARKS – 30 MINUTES 3.1 Answer the following questions. 3.1.1 Name any TWO economically marginalised groups in South Africa. (2 x 1) (2) 3.1.2 Why is the Unemployment Insurance Fund (UIF) important to workers? (1 x 2) (2) 3.2 Study the table below and answer the questions that follow. LABOUR MARKET INFORMATION OF COUNTRY M Category Number (’000) Working-age population (15–64 years) 40 000 Employed 16 800 Unemployed (official definition) 7 200 Not economically active 16 000 of which: discouraged work seekers 3 200 [Fictitious data compiled by the examiner] 3.2.1 Identify the number of discouraged work seekers in the table above. (1) 3.2.2 Name the survey that Statistics South Africa uses to measure unemployment every three months. (1) 3.2.3 Briefly describe the term labour force. (2) 3.2.4 Explain why discouraged work seekers are not counted as unemployed in terms of the official definition. (2) 3.2.5 Calculate the official unemployment rate of Country M. Show ALL calculations. (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P2 9 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock 3.3 Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow. WORKERS BECOME OWNERS AT FOOD COMPANY A food-processing company in the Eastern Cape has transferred 25% of its shares to a trust that represents its 1 400 workers and the surrounding community. The workers will receive dividends every year, and two trustees will sit on the board of directors. The company says the deal will improve its broad-based black economic empowerment (B-BBEE) score, which will help it to win contracts from government. Critics warn that such schemes help workers only if the company stays profitable and if the trust is managed in an open and honest way. [Examiner’s own – fictitious report for assessment purposes] 3.3.1 Identify the percentage of the company’s shares that was transferred to the trust. (1) 3.3.2 Name ONE other pillar (element) of B-BBEE besides ownership. (1) 3.3.3 Briefly describe the term black economic empowerment (BEE). (2) 3.3.4 Explain why a better B-BBEE score helps the company to win government contracts. (2) 3.3.5 How can share schemes such as this one benefit the workers and the company? (2 x 2) (4) 3.4 Distinguish between conciliation and arbitration as methods of resolving labour disputes. (2 x 4) (8) 3.5 How can the government improve the economic position of marginalised groups in South Africa? (4 x 2) (8) [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P2 10 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock QUESTION 4: MICROECONOMICS AND CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC ISSUES 40 MARKS – 30 MINUTES 4.1 Answer the following questions. 4.1.1 Name any TWO levels of government in South Africa. (2 x 1) (2) 4.1.2 Why does the government provide free basic services, e.g. water and electricity, to poor households? (1 x 2) (2) 4.2 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow. PRODUCTION POSSIBILITY CURVES OF COUNTRY T Consumer goods (’000 units) 80 60 Y Z 40 20 PPC1 PPC2 0 20 40 60 80 Capital goods (machines, ’000 units) [Fictitious data compiled by the examiner] 4.2.1 Identify the point that is unattainable on PPC1 but becomes attainable on PPC2 . (1) 4.2.2 Name ONE factor that could have caused the shift from PPC1 to PPC2 . (1) 4.2.3 Briefly describe the term economic growth. (2) 4.2.4 Explain why Country T cannot produce more capital goods at point Z on PPC1 without producing fewer consumer goods. (2) 4.2.5 Why can producing more capital goods today lead to more consumer goods in the future? (2 x 2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P2 11 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock 4.3 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow. THE LABOUR MARKET FOR FARM WORKERS IN REGION W Wage (R per day) 400 SL Minimum wage 280 200 e 100 DL 0 30 50 70 Number of workers (’000) [Fictitious data compiled by the examiner] 4.3.1 Identify the equilibrium wage of farm workers in the graph above. (1) 4.3.2 What will the surplus of labour be at the minimum wage of R280 per day? (1) 4.3.3 Briefly describe the term minimum wage. (2) 4.3.4 Explain why the demand curve for labour slopes downwards from left to right. (2) 4.3.5 How can a minimum wage benefit workers and the economy? (2 x 2) (4) 4.4 Briefly discuss the factors that determine the demand for labour. (4 x 2) (8) 4.5 How has the government tried to redress the inequalities of the past through education and skills development since 1994? (4 x 2) (8) [40] TOTAL SECTION B: 80 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P2 12 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock SECTION C Answer any ONE of the two questions in this section in the ANSWER BOOK. Your answer will be assessed as follows: STRUCTURE OF ESSAY MARK ALLOCATION Introduction Max. 2 The introduction is a lower-order response. • A good starting point will be to define the main concept related to the question topic. • DO NOT include any part of the question in your introduction. • DO NOT repeat any part of the introduction in the body. • Avoid mentioning in the introduction what you are going to discuss in the body. Body Max. 26 Main part: Discuss in detail/Discuss in detail with the aid of graphs/In-depth discussion/ Examine/Critically discuss/Analyse/Compare/Evaluate/Distinguish/ Differentiate/Explain/Assess/Debate A maximum of 8 marks may be allocated for headings/examples. Additional part: Critically discuss/Evaluate/Critically evaluate/Deduce/ Max. 10 Compare/Distinguish/Suggest/Interpret/Debate/How A maximum of 2 marks may be allocated for mere listing of facts. Conclusion Max. 2 Any higher-order conclusion should include: • A brief summary of what has been discussed without repeating facts already mentioned • Any opinion or value judgement on the facts discussed • Additional support information to strengthen the discussion/analysis • A contradictory viewpoint with motivation, if required • Recommendations TOTAL 40 QUESTION 5: MICROECONOMICS 40 MARKS – 40 MINUTES • Discuss in detail, with the aid of graphs, indirect taxes and subsidies as methods that the government uses to intervene in markets. (26 marks) • With the aid of a correctly labelled graph, evaluate the impact of a minimum price that the government sets above the equilibrium price of a product. (10 marks) [40] QUESTION 6: CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC ISSUES 40 MARKS – 40 MINUTES • Discuss in detail the causes of unemployment in South Africa. (26 marks) • Evaluate the consequences (effects) of high unemployment on individuals and on the economy. (10 marks) [40] TOTAL SECTION C: 40 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved