Economics Grade 10 P1 November Mock 2026 QP (Eng)

Mock hlayiso mock exams Practice Series: Grade 10 Exam Preparation WWW.HLAYISO.COM NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 10 ECONOMICS P1 NOVEMBER EXAMINATION 2026 (MOCK) MARKS: 150 TIME: 2 hours This question paper consists of 12 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P1 2 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. Answer FOUR questions as follows in the ANSWER BOOK: SECTION A: COMPULSORY SECTION B: Answer TWO of the three questions. SECTION C: Answer ONE of the two questions. 2. Answer only the required number of questions. Answers in excess of the required number will NOT be marked. 3. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. 4. Write the question number above each answer. 5. Read the questions carefully. 6. Start EACH question on a NEW page. 7. Leave 2–3 lines between subsections of questions. 8. Answer the questions in full sentences and ensure that the format, content and context of your responses comply with the cognitive requirements of the questions. 9. Use only black or blue ink. 10. You may use a non-programmable pocket calculator. 11. Write neatly and legibly. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P1 3 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock SECTION A (COMPULSORY) QUESTION 1 30 MARKS – 20 MINUTES 1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.9 D. 1.1.1 The study of the economy as a whole, e.g. total production, total employment and the general price level, is called … A microeconomics. B macroeconomics. C econometrics. D business economics. 1.1.2 Goods such as refrigerators and cars, which can be used over a long period of time, are … consumer goods. A non-durable B semi-durable C durable D intermediate 1.1.3 In the circular flow, households receive … in exchange for the factors of production that they supply to firms. A goods and services B factor income C subsidies D taxes 1.1.4 The phase of the business cycle in which economic activity reaches its highest level is the … A trough. B recession. C peak. D recovery. 1.1.5 Savings, taxes and imports are examples of … in the circular flow. A injections B leakages C real flows D transfer payments 1.1.6 The discovery of … on the Witwatersrand in 1886 led to the rapid growth of Johannesburg and of industry in South Africa. A diamonds B coal C gold D platinum Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P1 4 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock 1.1.7 The number of deaths per 1 000 of the population in a year is known as the … A birth rate. B mortality (death) rate. C fertility rate. D population growth rate. 1.1.8 People of working age who want to work, are available to work and are actively looking for work, but cannot find a job, are … A discouraged work seekers. B not economically active. C unemployed. D informally employed. (8 x 2) (16) 1.2 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches the item in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–I) next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.2.9 J. COLUMN A COLUMN B 1.2.1 Microeconomics A a market in which the factors of production, e.g. labour, are bought and sold 1.2.2 Free goods B measures taken by countries to put pressure on another country to change unacceptable policies 1.2.3 Factor market C the study of the economic behaviour of individual units such as households and firms 1.2.4 Exogenous causes D a decline in real GDP for two or more consecutive quarters 1.2.5 Sanctions E people who leave their own country to settle permanently in another country 1.2.6 Mechanisation F goods that are available in unlimited quantities and have no price, e.g. sunlight 1.2.7 Labour force G the replacement of human and animal labour by machines in the production process 1.2.8 Recession H causes of business cycles that originate outside the market system, e.g. droughts and wars I all people of working age who are either employed or unemployed (8 x 1) (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P1 5 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock 1.3 Give ONE term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the question numbers (1.3.1 to 1.3.6) in the ANSWER BOOK. Abbreviations, acronyms and examples will NOT be accepted. 1.3.1 The assumption that all other factors remain constant (unchanged) 1.3.2 Man-made goods, such as machinery and tools, that are used to produce other goods 1.3.3 An economy that includes the foreign sector 1.3.4 The difference between the value of real GDP at the peak and at the trough of a business cycle 1.3.5 The policy of a country to take control of other territories and to exploit their resources 1.3.6 An official count of all the people in a country at a specific time (6 x 1) (6) TOTAL SECTION A: 30 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P1 6 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock SECTION B Answer any TWO of the three questions from this section in the ANSWER BOOK. QUESTION 2: MACROECONOMICS 40 MARKS – 30 MINUTES 2.1 Answer the following questions. 2.1.1 Name any TWO factors of production. (2 x 1) (2) 2.1.2 Why is opportunity cost important when economic choices are made? (1 x 2) (2) 2.2 Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow. CIRCULAR FLOW OF A CLOSED ECONOMY goods and services goods and services MARKET B consumption sales spending revenue taxes taxes HOUSEHOLDS GOVERNMENT FIRMS grants payments factors of factors of production production FACTOR MARKET A payments for factors real flow money flow [Examiner’s own] 2.2.1 Identify the flow labelled A in the diagram above. (1) 2.2.2 Name the market labelled B. (1) 2.2.3 Briefly describe the term real flow. (2) 2.2.4 Explain why the economy in the diagram above is regarded as a closed economy. (2) 2.2.5 How does the government take part in the circular flow of the economy? (2 x 2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P1 7 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock 2.3 Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow. THANDEKA’S DIFFICULT CHOICE Thandeka runs a small spaza shop in Soweto. After a good month she has saved R6 000. She can use the money either to buy a second-hand refrigerator so that she can sell cold drinks and dairy products, or to pay for a short bookkeeping course at a local college. Thandeka cannot afford both. She knows that the refrigerator will increase her sales immediately, but the course will help her to manage her money better in the long run. [Examiner’s own – fictitious scenario] 2.3.1 Identify the capital good that Thandeka is thinking of buying. (1) 2.3.2 Name the basic economic problem that Thandeka faces. (1) 2.3.3 Briefly describe the term opportunity cost. (2) 2.3.4 Explain what Thandeka’s opportunity cost will be if she decides to buy the refrigerator. (2) 2.3.5 How can small business owners like Thandeka make the best use of their scarce resources? (2 x 2) (4) 2.4 Distinguish between microeconomics and macroeconomics. (2 x 4) (8) 2.5 How do leakages from the circular flow affect the level of economic activity in a country? (4 x 2) (8) [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P1 8 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock QUESTION 3: ECONOMIC PURSUITS 40 MARKS – 30 MINUTES 3.1 Answer the following questions. 3.1.1 Name the TWO minerals whose discovery started the mineral revolution in South Africa. (2 x 1) (2) 3.1.2 Why is a population census important for government planning? (1 x 2) (2) 3.2 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow. THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION (DEMOGRAPHIC CYCLE) Rate per 1 000 of the population Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 40 Birth rate Death rate 30 X 20 10 0 Time [Examiner’s own – simplified illustration] 3.2.1 Identify the stage in which both the birth rate and the death rate are high. (1) 3.2.2 What does the gap X between the birth rate and the death rate represent? (1) 3.2.3 Briefly describe the term life expectancy. (2) 3.2.4 Explain why the death rate falls sharply during stage 2. (2) 3.2.5 How can a rapidly growing population slow down the economic development of a country? (2 x 2) (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P1 9 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock 3.3 Study the table below and answer the questions that follow. LABOUR MARKET STATISTICS OF COUNTRY K (THOUSANDS) Category Number (’000) Population of working age (15–64 years) 40 000 Employed 16 800 Unemployed (official definition) 7 200 Not economically active 16 000 of which: discouraged work seekers 3 400 [Fictitious data compiled by the examiner] 3.3.1 Give ONE example of a person who is not economically active. (1) 3.3.2 Identify the number of discouraged work seekers in Country K. (1) 3.3.3 Briefly describe the term labour force participation rate. (2) 3.3.4 Explain why discouraged work seekers are not included in the official unemployment rate. (2) 3.3.5 Calculate the official unemployment rate of Country K. Show ALL calculations. (4) 3.4 Briefly discuss push factors and pull factors as causes of migration from rural to urban areas. (2 x 4) (8) 3.5 How can education and training improve the quality of the South African labour force? (4 x 2) (8) [40] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P1 10 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock QUESTION 4: MACROECONOMICS AND ECONOMIC PURSUITS 40 MARKS – 30 MINUTES 4.1 Answer the following questions. 4.1.1 Name any TWO injections into the circular flow. (2 x 1) (2) 4.1.2 Why did many black South Africans in rural areas become migrant labourers on the mines in the late 1800s? (1 x 2) (2) 4.2 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow. REAL GDP GROWTH RATE OF COUNTRY Z (%) 4 C A Real GDP growth (%) 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 B Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 2023 2024 2025 [Fictitious data compiled by the examiner] 4.2.1 Identify the phase of the business cycle at point B. (1) 4.2.2 Name ONE exogenous cause of business cycles. (1) 4.2.3 Briefly describe the term business cycle. (2) 4.2.4 Explain why unemployment usually increases during a downswing (contraction). (2) 4.2.5 Calculate the amplitude of the business cycle from point B to point C. Show ALL calculations. (4) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P1 11 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock 4.3 Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow. THE PULL OF THE CITY Every year thousands of young people leave villages in Limpopo, the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal to look for work and better services in Gauteng, the most populous province in South Africa. Many of them settle in informal settlements on the edges of the cities, where they often lack proper housing, running water and sanitation. Municipalities struggle to keep up with the demand for houses, schools, clinics and public transport, while rural areas lose many of their young, economically active people. [Summary compiled by the examiner] 4.3.1 Identify the province that attracts the most migrants according to the extract above. (1) 4.3.2 Name ONE problem in cities caused by rapid urbanisation. (1) 4.3.3 Briefly describe the term urbanisation. (2) 4.3.4 Explain how rural areas are negatively affected when young people move to the cities. (2) 4.3.5 How can the government reduce the negative effects of rapid urbanisation? (2 x 2) (4) 4.4 Briefly discuss the economic activities of hunter-gatherers and pastoralists (herders) in pre-colonial South Africa. (2 x 4) (8) 4.5 How can the government reduce the negative effects of a recession on the economy? (4 x 2) (8) [40] TOTAL SECTION B: 80 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Economics/P1 12 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock SECTION C Answer any ONE of the two questions in this section in the ANSWER BOOK. Your answer will be assessed as follows: STRUCTURE OF ESSAY MARK ALLOCATION Introduction Max. 2 The introduction is a lower-order response. • A good starting point will be to define the main concept related to the question topic. • DO NOT include any part of the question in your introduction. • DO NOT repeat any part of the introduction in the body. • Avoid mentioning in the introduction what you are going to discuss in the body. Body Max. 26 Main part: Discuss in detail/Discuss in detail with the aid of graphs/In-depth discussion/ Examine/Critically discuss/Analyse/Compare/Evaluate/Distinguish/ Differentiate/Explain/Assess/Debate A maximum of 8 marks may be allocated for headings/examples. Additional part: Critically discuss/Evaluate/Critically evaluate/Deduce/ Max. 10 Compare/Distinguish/Suggest/Interpret/Debate/How A maximum of 2 marks may be allocated for mere listing of facts. Conclusion Max. 2 Any higher-order conclusion should include: • A brief summary of what has been discussed without repeating facts already mentioned • Any opinion or value judgement on the facts discussed • Additional support information to strengthen the discussion/analysis • A contradictory viewpoint with motivation, if required • Recommendations TOTAL 40 QUESTION 5: MACROECONOMICS 40 MARKS – 40 MINUTES • Discuss in detail the participants (sectors) in the circular flow of a closed economy and the markets through which they interact. (26 marks) • How can an increase in government spending affect the level of economic activity? (10 marks) [40] QUESTION 6: ECONOMIC PURSUITS 40 MARKS – 40 MINUTES • Discuss in detail the industrial development of South Africa under the following headings: the mineral revolution; mechanisation of production; urbanisation and the migrant labour system. (26 marks) • How did international sanctions during the apartheid era affect the South African economy? (10 marks) [40] TOTAL SECTION C: 40 GRAND TOTAL: 150 Copyright reserved