Physical Sciences Grade 10 P2 November Mock Exam 2 2026 QP

Mock hlayiso mock exams Practice Series: Grade 10 Exam Preparation WWW.HLAYISO.COM NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 10 PHYSICAL SCIENCES: CHEMISTRY (P2) NOVEMBER EXAMINATION 2026 (MOCK) MARKS: 100 TIME: 2 hours This question paper consists of 9 pages and 2 data sheets. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 2 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. Write your name and class (e.g. 10A) in the appropriate spaces on the ANSWER BOOK. 2. This question paper consists of EIGHT questions. Answer ALL the questions in the ANSWER BOOK. 3. Start EACH question on a NEW page in the ANSWER BOOK. 4. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this question paper. 5. Leave ONE line between two subquestions, e.g. between QUESTION 2.1 and QUESTION 2.2. 6. You may use a non-programmable calculator. 7. You may use appropriate mathematical instruments. 8. Show ALL formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations. 9. Round off your FINAL numerical answers to a minimum of TWO decimal places. 10. Give brief motivations, discussions, etc. where required. 11. You are advised to use the attached DATA SHEETS. 12. Write neatly and legibly. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 3 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Each question has only ONE correct answer. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question numbers (1.1 to 1.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.9 E. 1.1 Which ONE of the following is a HETEROGENEOUS mixture? A Air B Salt water C Oil and water D Brass (2) 1.2 The melting points and boiling points of four substances, P, Q, R and S, are given in the table below. SUBSTANCE MELTING POINT (◦ C) BOILING POINT (◦ C) P –259 –253 Q –114 78 R 0 100 S 801 1 413 Which substance has the WEAKEST forces between its particles? A P B Q C R D S (2) 1.3 Which ONE of the following particles has the SAME electron configuration as an argon atom? A Na+ B Ca2+ C Mg2+ D F– (2) 1.4 Which ONE of the following elements has the SMALLEST atomic radius? A Sodium B Magnesium C Phosphorus D Chlorine (2) Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 4 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock 1.5 Element X is in GROUP 2 and element Y is in GROUP 15 of the periodic table. The formula of the ionic compound formed between X and Y is … A XY B X2 Y3 C X3 Y2 D XY2 (2) 1.6 Which ONE of the following samples contains the GREATEST total number of ATOMS? A 1 mol neon (Ne) B 0,5 mol ammonia (NH3 ) C 0,4 mol ethane (C2 H6 ) D 1,5 mol oxygen (O2 ) (2) 1.7 Nitrogen and hydrogen react according to the balanced equation: N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2NH3 (g) 30 cm3 of hydrogen gas reacts completely with EXCESS nitrogen gas. All volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure. The volume of ammonia gas formed is … A 20 cm3 B 30 cm3 C 45 cm3 D 60 cm3 (2) 1.8 The mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) needed to prepare 200 cm3 of a solution of concentration 0,25 mol·dm–3 is … A 0,05 g B 2g C 10 g D 50 g (2) [16] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 5 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock QUESTION 2 (Start on a new page.) The diagrams A to D below represent the particles in four different substances. Each circle represents an atom; different shadings represent atoms of different elements. A B C D 2.1 Define the term element. (2) 2.2 Write down the LETTER (A–D) of the diagram that represents: 2.2.1 A compound (1) 2.2.2 A mixture (1) 2.2.3 An element that exists as diatomic molecules (1) 2.3 Cooking pots are usually made of stainless steel, but their handles are made of plastic or wood. Explain this choice of materials by referring to ONE property of EACH material. (2) 2.4 Write down the: 2.4.1 Chemical formula of copper(II) hydroxide (2) 2.4.2 Name of the compound KMnO4 (1) [10] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 6 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock QUESTION 3 (Start on a new page.) A learner melts a sample of stearic acid in a hot-water bath and then allows the liquid to cool down while recording its temperature every minute. The cooling curve below was drawn from her results. A 90 Temperature (◦ C) B C 69 D 40 0 4 12 18 Time (min) 3.1 Define the term freezing point. (2) 3.2 Write down the freezing point of stearic acid. (1) 3.3 The stearic acid continues to lose heat to the surroundings in section BC, but its temperature remains constant. Use the kinetic molecular theory to explain this observation. (3) 3.4 Write down the PHASE of stearic acid at 50 ◦ C. (1) 3.5 The learner then places a few crystals of purple potassium permanganate at the bottom of each of two beakers containing equal volumes of still water. Beaker 1 contains water at 15 ◦ C and beaker 2 contains water at 60 ◦ C. In which beaker, 1 OR 2, will the purple colour spread through the water FASTER? Use the kinetic molecular theory to explain the answer. (3) [10] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 7 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock QUESTION 4 (Start on a new page.) 4.1 Copper occurs naturally as a mixture of two isotopes, copper-63 and copper-65. The relative atomic mass of copper is 63,5. 4.1.1 Define the term relative atomic mass. (2) 4.1.2 Write down the number of NEUTRONS in an atom of copper-65. (1) 4.1.3 Calculate the percentage abundance of copper-63 in naturally occurring copper. (4) 4.2 Draw an Aufbau diagram (orbital box diagram) for a NITROGEN atom. (2) 4.3 Phosphorus forms the phosphide ion, 31 3– 15 P . Write down the number of: 4.3.1 Electrons in the phosphide ion (1) 4.3.2 Neutrons in the phosphide ion (1) [11] QUESTION 5 (Start on a new page.) The bar graph below shows the first ionisation energies of the elements in PERIOD 3 of the periodic table. First ionisation energy (kJ·mol–1 ) 1 521 1 500 1 251 1 012 1 000 1 000 738 787 578 496 500 0 Na Mg Aℓ Si P S Cℓ Ar Element 5.1 Describe the GENERAL trend in first ionisation energy from sodium to argon. (1) 5.2 Explain the trend described in QUESTION 5.1. (3) 5.3 The first ionisation energy of aluminium is LOWER than that of magnesium. Write down the electron configurations (sp-notation) of magnesium and aluminium and use them to explain this observation. (3) 5.4 Write down the NAME of the element in period 3 with the LARGEST atomic radius. (1) [8] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 8 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock QUESTION 6 (Start on a new page.) 6.1 Define the term ionic bond. (2) 6.2 Draw Lewis diagrams to show: 6.2.1 An ammonia (NH3 ) molecule (2) 6.2.2 The formation of sodium oxide (Na2 O) from sodium and oxygen atoms (3) 6.3 Write down the type of chemical bond (IONIC, COVALENT or METALLIC) between the particles in EACH of the following substances: (a) Copper (b) Carbon dioxide (c) Potassium bromide (3) 6.4 Magnesium reacts with nitrogen to form a compound. Write down the chemical formula of this compound and the type of bonding (IONIC, COVALENT or METALLIC) in it. (2) [12] QUESTION 7 (Start on a new page.) 7.1 When green copper(II) carbonate powder is heated strongly, it changes into a black powder, copper(II) oxide, and a colourless gas, carbon dioxide, is given off: CuCO3 (s) → CuO(s) + CO2 (g) 7.1.1 Is this a SYNTHESIS or a DECOMPOSITION reaction? (1) 7.1.2 Is this a PHYSICAL or a CHEMICAL change? Give a reason for the answer. (2) 7.2 Propane (C3 H8 ), a gas used in camping stoves, burns in excess oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water vapour. 7.2.1 Write down a balanced equation, including phases, for this reaction. (3) 7.2.2 Use the balanced equation in QUESTION 7.2.1 and a calculation to show that mass is conserved in this reaction. (3) 7.3 Compound Z gives some fruits their pleasant smell. An analysis of compound Z shows that it contains 62,1% carbon, 10,3% hydrogen and 27,6% oxygen by mass. The molar mass of compound Z is 116 g·mol–1 . Determine the MOLECULAR formula of compound Z by first determining its empirical formula. (5) [14] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 9 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock QUESTION 8 (Start on a new page.) 8.1 When baking soda, sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3 ), is heated, it decomposes according to the balanced equation below: 2NaHCO3 (s) → Na2 CO3 (s) + H2 O(g) + CO2 (g) A learner heats 8,4 g of NaHCO3 until it has decomposed completely. Calculate the: 8.1.1 Number of moles of NaHCO3 that decompose (3) 8.1.2 Mass of sodium carbonate (Na2 CO3 ) formed (3) 8.1.3 Volume of CO2 gas produced at STP (3) 8.1.4 Mass of water vapour (H2 O) produced (3) 8.2 Washing soda crystals are hydrated sodium carbonate, Na2 CO3 ·xH2 O. A learner dissolves 7,15 g of the crystals in water and makes the volume up to exactly 250 cm3 . The concentration of the solution is 0,1 mol·dm–3 . 8.2.1 Determine the value of x. (5) 8.2.2 Calculate the percentage (by mass) of water of crystallisation in washing soda. (2) [19] TOTAL: 100 Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 1 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 10 PAPER 2 (CHEMISTRY) TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS NAME SYMBOL VALUE Avogadro’s constant NA 6,02× 1023 mol–1 Molar gas volume at STP Vm 22,4 dm3 ·mol–1 Standard pressure pθ 1,013× 105 Pa Standard temperature Tθ 273 K Charge on electron e –1,6× 10–19 C TABLE 2: FORMULAE m N n= n= M NA n m V c= or c = n= V MV Vm Copyright reserved Please turn over

Physical Sciences/P2 2 Hlayiso/Mock 2026 NSC Mock TABLE 3: THE PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS 1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18 (I) (II) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (III) (IV) (V) (VI) (VII) (VIII) 1 2 Atomic number 2,1 H He 1 KEY 4 29 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1,0 1,5 Electronegativity 1,9 Cu Symbol 2,0 2,5 3,0 3,5 4,0 Li Be B C N O F Ne 7 9 63,5 11 12 14 16 19 20 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 0,9 Na 1,2 Mg 1,5 Aℓ 1,8 Si 2,1 P 2,5 S 3,0 Cℓ Ar Approximate relative atomic mass 23 24 27 28 31 32 35,5 40 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 0,8 K 1,0 Ca 1,3 Sc 1,5 Ti 1,6 V 1,6 Cr 1,5 Mn 1,8 Fe 1,8 Co 1,8 Ni 1,9 Cu 1,6 Zn 1,6 Ga 1,8 Ge 2,0 As 2,4 Se 2,8 Br Kr 39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 63,5 65 70 73 75 79 80 84 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 0,8 Rb 1,0 Sr 1,2 Y 1,4 Zr Nb 1,8 Mo 1,9 Tc 2,2 Ru 2,2 Rh 2,2 Pd 1,9 Ag 1,7 Cd 1,7 In 1,8 Sn 1,9 Sb 2,1 Te 2,5 I Xe 86 88 89 91 92 96 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 0,7 Cs 0,9 Ba La 1,6 Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg 1,8 Tℓ 1,8 Pb 1,9 Bi 2,0 Po 2,5 At Rn 133 137 139 179 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 87 88 89 0,7 Fr 0,9 Ra Ac 226 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu 140 141 144 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr 232 238 Copyright reserved