Information Technology Grade 11 P2 2018 Memo

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PAPER 2 GRADE 11 JUNE 2018 MEMO MARKS: 120 TIME: 2 ½ hours EXAMINER(S) : R. PILLAY, S. RAMPERSADH MODERATOR(S) : V. B. RAMKILWAN 1

QUESTION 1 : Multiple Choice Various options are given as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question number (1.1–1.10) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.1 B. 1.1 Socket in which you connect the CPU to the motherboard a) SATA connectors b) DIMM slots c) ZIF socket ANS: C d) VGA 1.2 The protocol that defines how web pages and their content are transferred across the Web a) FTP b) SMTP c) HTTP ANS: C d) VOIP 1.3 POST refers to a) Power On Self Test b) Power On System Test c) Post Online System Task ANS: A d) None of the above 1.4 Currently the fastest connection technology which can support multiple devices a) Firewire b) Thunderbolt c) USB ANS: B d) Expansion slots 1.5 The ability of a device to automatically configure its drivers and work immediately after it has been connected to the computer system a) USB b) Drivers c) Plug and Play ANS: C d) Hot swappable 1.6 A dedicated communication channel whereby a device can request the immediate attention of the CPU in order to process a given function a) Bus b) Router c) Wireless hotspot ANS: D d) Hardware interrupt 1.7 A small quartz crystal that used to regulate activity on the motherboard. a) Bus b) System clock c) Point to point connection ANS: B d) Clock multiplication 2

1.8 A wireless technology that allows devices such as mice, printers and cell phones to communicate over relatively short distance, typically less than 10 m a) Blutooth b) Wifi c) WiMax ANS: A d) File transfer protocol 1.9 Internet based alternative to text messaging, in which multimedia content can be exchanged in real time. a) SMS b) MMS c) Instant messaging ANS: C d) Social media 1.10 A audio blog broadcast live online made available via download or streaming a) Vlog b) Youtube c) Podcast ANS: C d) VLC media player TOTAL QUESTION 1: [10] QUESTION 2: Matching Concepts Choose a term/concept from COLUMN B that matches a description in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A–G) next to the question number (2.1–2.5) in the answer booklet E.g. 2.11 H. COLUMN A COLUMN B ANSWERS 2.1 Instructions in binary format (0 and 1’s)that the CPU A. Virtualisation can directly 2.1D  execute 2.2 A part of a program that runs independently but B. API Simultaneously with other parts of the same program 2.2 F  2.3 A method used to compensate for the loss of efficiency C. Interpreters that becomes inevitable when a faster medium tries to 2.3 G  communicate with a slower medium 2.4 An interface between the operating system and the D. Machine code 2.4 B  Programming language or end user 2.5 Creating an entity that only exists in software E. Trojan 2.5 A  F. Thread G. Caching TOTAL QUESTION 2: [5] 3

SCENARIO The winter Olympic games are being held in South Korea. You and your I.T. class have been invited to serve as an I.T. assistance team for the duration of the Winter Games. Computer systems and resources have been provided for your team. There are a host of problems with the systems at the games (hardware and software) that your team has to help troubleshoot and solve. QUESTION 3 : System Technologies - Hardware and Software 3.1 List THREE main functions of the motherboard. (3)  Provides connectors to allow other circuits to connect to it  Ensures that all components of the computer can communicate with one another  Distributes power to the parts that connect to it 3.2 Explain what is meant by the term modular design. (2) When a computer is designed with separate components, which makes upgrading and maintenance easier 3.3 Screens need to be connected in different parts of the stadium so broadcasters can view all codes of sports at once. 3.3.1 Name the external hardware connection that is used for (2) A) standard definition graphics B) high definition graphics a) VGA b) HDMI 3.4 High resolution video files are being modified on the computer systems provided. As a result, the performance of the computer seems to be very slow. 3.4.1 List the FOUR steps of the machine cycle the CPU uses to carry (4) out an instruction.  Fetching instructions and data from the memory/RAM  Decoding the instructions  Executing the instructions  Transferring data back to the memory 3.4.2 Discuss the term GPU? (2) Dedicated graphics processor on a graphics card. for rendering high end graphics  3.4.3 Briefly explain TWO benefits of having a GPU. (2)  Has its own processing unit and Ram   The computer system can use its own resources for other processes 4

3.5 The operating system makes it possible for a computer to process many tasks at the same time. 3.5.1 Describe TWO functions of the operating system. (2) ANY TWO  Provides an interface  Manages processes and tasks  Manages memory  Manages input and output  Manages disks 3.5.2 Discuss TWO processing techniques. (4)  Multitasking, when a computer runs or appears to run multiple programs at the same time.   Multithreading , the ability of an operating system to allow programs to split themselves into multiple tasks/threads that can be run at the same time as if they were separate programs.  3.6 While looking into the performance problems mentioned above, you notice the computer systems each have an 8GB RAM added inside but the computer is only showing 4GB of RAM available for use. 3.6.1 Briefly explain why RAM essential for the running of the (2) computer system. All the data and instructions have to be loaded into the RAM before the CPU can work with them. The more RAM a computer has, the more instructions and data it can hold at any given time 3.6.2 Tabulate ONE difference between RAM and ROM. (2) RAM ROM  Loses its contents when the  Holds whatever is stored in it computer is switched off even when the computer is off 3.6.3 You have realised there are no malfunctions with the new (2) memory and the memory has been correctly installed. Explain what the problem could be and provide a solution. A 32 bit operating system can only use 4GB RAM.  A 64 bit operating system use can use more than 4 GB.  TOTAL QUESTION 3: [27] 5

QUESTION 4: Communication And Network Technologies South Africans would need a way of communicating with the contestants and to find out the results from the games in real time. 4.1 Networks will play a major role in communications. 4.1.1 Give TWO aims or benefits of networks. (2) Any TWO:   fast, efficient communication  sharing of resources  centralisation of data  transfer of files  leisure  flexible access  increased control and security 4.1.2 List TWO advantages of using fibre optic cables as opposed to UTP cabling in a network. (2) Any TWO:   support higher speeds  cover a larger distance  greater bandwidth  signal does not degrade over a distance 4.1.3 What is the difference between a LAN and a WLAN? (2) A LAN is a cabled network,  whereas a WLAN uses wireless technology to communicate.  4.2 A modem is a key component in data communications. 4.2.1 Briefly explain the function of a modem. (2) A modem converts the data or signal from a computer to a format that can be transmitted over a communication channel such as an ADSL line.  4.2.2 Indicate the type of network that would make use of a 3G (1) modem? Cellular network 4.3 The contestants use the WiFi hotspot in their hotel rooms to connect to the Internet. Briefly explain what a hotspot is. (2) An area, usually a public space, where people can access WiFi  from an access point to connect wirelessly to the Internet.  4.4 Family members of contestants from South Africa want to use Skype for video calling. 4.4.1 Identify the protocol that Skype uses. (1) VoIP or Voice Over Internet Protocol  (2) 6

4.4.2 Give TWO advantages of using Skype. Any TWO:   the software is free  VoIP calls are cheaper than normal telephone calls  video calling  transfer other files (Any other suitable answers) 4.4.3 Describe TWO challenges of using Skype in South Africa. (2) Any TWO:   data is expensive  bandwidth of connections is very low  poor video quality if you have a slow connection  Internet connections are not reliable / readily available  Lack of hardware resources to facilitate use of Skype (Any other suitable answers) 4.5 Mobile technology is the most convenient way to communicate and access the Internet. 4.5.1 Give TWO practical ways to reduce the power consumed by the display on a mobile device. (2) Any TWO:   Do not set the display to the brightest setting  Do not leave the display on for a long period of time  Set the device to automatically turn the display off (Any other suitable answers) 4.5.2 Explain why an increased degree of multitasking can reduce the battery life of a mobile device. (2) When you run multiple applications each one requires CPU time.  The more apps you have running, the more work the CPU must do and the faster the battery will drain.  4.5.3 How would you determine if an URL belongs to a mobile site? (1) Any ONE:   the website will have an ‘m.’ as a prefix  a domain that ends with ‘.mobi’ 4.6 Podcasts can be used to keep people updated with the latest results from the Olympic games. Explain what a podcast is. (2) A podcast is an audio file  that is made available to download for free or to purchase from the Internet.  4.7 The contestants would like to do some site seeing when they have some free time. They use GPS devices to help them find their way around South Korea. 4.7.1 Briefly explain how a GPS device can pinpoint your physical (2) location. The GPS receives signals from satellites that are orbiting the earth,  and 7

uses these signals to calculate your exact position.  (2) 4.7.2 Name TWO apps on mobile devices that use GPS technology. Any TWO:   Google Maps  Facebook  Foursquare  Weather (Any other suitable answers) 4.8 Instant messaging is often used as an alternative to SMS messages. 4.8.1 What are TWO benefits of using Instant Messaging. (2) Any TWO:   can be used on various platforms, such as Laptops, desktops, smartphones  you can send multimedia content  it is cheaper than sending SMS messages  it can support group chats (Any other suitable answers) 4.8.2 Give ONE example of an Instant Messaging application. (1) Any ONE:   WhatsApp  Facebook Messenger  Mxit  Hangouts  WeChat  SnapChat  ChatOn  Skype (Any other suitable answers) QUESTION 4 TOTAL: [30] 8

QUESTION 5: Solution Development The software department of the Winter Games has now approached your team to help with software bugs. The software they are developing is expected to record athletes’ names’, scores’ and provide highest average scores based on this information. Thereafter, they have to assign Olympic medals based on certain criteria. Consider the algorithm below and answer the questions that follow: 1. HighestAvg 10 2. Input Name 3. While Name not equal to ‘DONE’ Begin while loop 4. Total  HighestAvg 5. Loop from 1 to 3 Begin loop 6. Input Score 7. Total Total + Score End loop 8. Avg Total/3 9. If Avg > HighestAvg 10. HighestAvg Avg 11. HighestName Name End While loop 12. Input Name 13. Output Highest 14. Output HighestName 5.1 Line 1 and Line 2 show variables that have been assigned initial values. (3) Are these values correct? If not re-write line 1 and 2 with the correct initial values. No Line 1 Highest 0 Line 2 Total 0 5.2 Besides Lines 1 and 2 there is another error with the pseudocode above. (2) Write the line number and explain how to correct the error. Line 12, must be before the end of the while loop 5.3 What type of error is explained in question 5.3? (1) Runtime error 5.4 ITC is the principle a while loop must follow. (6) Identify the line numbers, in the above algorithm, that correspond to this principle. Write down the line number and indicate, Initialise, Test and 9

Change. Line 2 – Initialise Line 3 – Test Line12- Change 5.5 Write out Delphi code to make sure, regardless of whether the user inputs in (2) uppercase or lowercase, the loop terminates successfully. While uppercase (name) <> ‘DONE’ do 5.6 An athlete will receive a gold medal if he/she has the highest average score, a silver medal for the 2nd highest average score and a bronze medal for the 3rd highest average score. 5.6.1 Write a pseodocode that will sort the average scores calculated in (12) the previous algorithm in ascending order. The average scores are now stored in an Array called AverageArray which contain 5 scores. Once the array is sorted extract the first 3 positions of the array and display the average score and a message indicating which medal was achieved. 1. Loop1 1 to 5 begin loop1 2. Loop2 2 to 4  begin loop2 3. If avgArray[loop1] > AvgArray[loop2]  4. Temp= AvgArray[loop1] 5. AvgArray[loop1]= AvgArray[loop2] ** 6. AvgArray[loop2]=temp End of loop2 End of loop1 7. Display avgArray[1] + message ‘Gold Medal’  8. Display avgArray[2] + message ‘Silver Medal’ 9. Display avgArray[1] + message ‘Bronze Medal’ ** 2 marks if all aspects competed, Minus one mark if missing one or more aspects, must have at least one line correct to achieve one mark QUESTION 5 TOTAL: [26] 10

QUESTION 6: Integrated Scenario Your team has been informed that a network connection will be provided within the winter games stadiums facilities. Athletes as well as spectators will be able to access this connection at LAN’s that have been set up at each facility. Your team has been asked to attend to certain problems that have occurred when making use of this network. Answer the questions that follow. 6.1 Explain why Policies, Restrictions and Firewalls are needed to maintain a (6) network Policies : controls almost every aspect of what the user can or cannot do with the network Restrictions: limiting user activity and controlling access by changing settings in the software and hardware Firewalls: to monitor and control the communication that takes place between a network computer and a wider network such as the internet 6.2 Identify TWO items that are usually included in an AUP (2) Any TWO:   Code of conduct  Details on when and where portable storage devices can be used  Details of restrictions about installing any hardware or software  Procedures to follow if users find they are victims of identity theft, malware, cyber bullying or cyber stalking  Hints on how to avoid plagiarism and breaking copyright law  Clear consequences of violating conditions spelt out in the AUP 6.3 Give an example associated with the winter games that ICT enables people (1) to become involved in and have an influence on. People at the winter games will be able to post their pictures as well as check into different games via Facebook (any suitable answer) 6.4 The term ‘Globalzation’ can be used when taking into consideration that e- communication will be made use of during the winter games. 6.4.1 Explain the term ‘Globalsation’ in terms of e- communication. (2) Globalisation describes the increasing trend and ease with which people, culture, goods, services, information and jobs travel around the world. 11

6.5 A secure connection will be needed for communication over the internet. 6.5.1 Explain the term protocol (2) A set of rules for encoding and decoding data for transmission across a network  6.5.2 What protocol will be used to achieve a secure internet (1) connection? HTTPS 6.6 There are potential malware threats due to data being sent over a network. 6.6.1 Name TWO types of malware threats and briefly explain each (4) one.  Virus – a form of malware that attaches itself to a file or executable program thereby enabling it to spread between computers  Computer worm – exploits the weaknesses in an application or operating system in order to spread.   Spyware- can cause relatively minor, annoying problems such as redirecting you to websites you don’t intend going to.  Trojan- a program disguised with useful or desirable features, such as a free game or disk utility. Can be used to control the computer system remotely.  Rootkit – a collection of programs that are designed to infiltrate a computer and gain the highest level of privileges to take control of the infected computer (any 2 types with correct definitions one mark each) 6.7 Social networking site will allow athletes as well as spectators to share their experiences at the winter games. It can be said that social networking sites are prone to social engineering. 6.7.1 Discuss the term social engineering. (2) To gain ones confidence to manipulate or trick one into secretly installing malware or into giving out passwords or other sensitive financial or personal information 6.7.2 Briefly explain TWO reasons why social networking sites are (2) prone to social engineering.  Millions of users visit thousands of social networking sites on a daily basis which makes users and the computers a vast ‘ target market’  An artificial level of trust that is developed as ‘friends’ social networking sites can be used to influence users to give out their information  Users often publish personal information which might be a part of their 12

passwords. (any suitable answer, one mark each) QUESTION 6 TOTAL: [22] TOTAL: 120 13