Technical Sciences Grade 12 P2 2026 Memo (Eng)

hlayiso mock exams Practice Series: Grade 12 NSC Preparation WWW.HLAYISO.COM NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 TECHNICAL SCIENCES P2 PREDICTION EXAMINATION 2026 MARKING GUIDELINES MARKS: 75 These marking guidelines consist of 6 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technical Sciences/P2 2 Hlayiso/Prediction 2026 NSC – Marking Guidelines GENERAL MARKING GUIDELINES 1. Calculations: Marks are awarded for the correct formula, correct substitution and the correct final answer WITH the correct unit, as indicated by the ticks (✓). No mark is awarded for a formula that is not followed by a substitution. 2. Half-reactions: Award full marks for the correct half-reaction with the correct arrow (→). Ions and electrons must be correct. Reversed half-reaction: 0/2. ⇌ instead of →: max 1/2. ← with the half-reaction written correctly: 2/2. 3. Balanced equations: 1 mark for the correct reactants, 1 mark for the correct products and 1 mark for correct balancing. Ignore phases. Marking rule: any additional reactants/products, max 1/3. 4. IUPAC names: Hyphens and commas must be in the correct places. If a name is otherwise correct but a hyphen or comma is omitted, award a maximum of 1 out of 2 marks. 5. Structural formulae: ALL hydrogen atoms and bonds must be shown. A condensed or semi-structural formula earns a maximum of 1 out of 2 marks where a structural formula is asked for. Exception: –OH may be written without showing the O–H bond. 6. Definitions: Accept equivalent wording that conveys the same meaning. Where key words are underlined, a missing key word costs 1 mark. 7. Negative marking: If a candidate must explain a choice and the choice is incorrect, no marks are awarded for the explanation. Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technical Sciences/P2 3 Hlayiso/Prediction 2026 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 1 1.1 B ✓✓ (2) 1.2 C ✓✓ (2) 1.3 A ✓✓ (2) 1.4 C ✓✓ (2) 1.5 B ✓✓ (2) [10] Notes: 1.1 the OH group is bonded to a C atom that is bonded to TWO other C atoms. 1.2 Ag+ /Ag has the highest reduction potential (+0,80 V) of the four, so Ag+ is the strongest oxidising agent. 1.3 2x + 7(–2) = –2, so x = +6. 1.5 Mg is a stronger reducing agent than Ni (Eθcell = –0,27 – (–2,36) = +2,09 V > 0); the other three reactions have negative emf values. QUESTION 2 2.1.1 F✓ (1) 2.1.2 B✓ (1) 2.1.3 D✓ (1) 2.2 Compounds with the same molecular formula, ✓ but different types of chains / different arrangements of the carbon chain (skeleton). ✓ (2) 2.3 2,3-dimethylpentane Marking: correct stem, i.e. pentane ✓; substituents (2,3-dimethyl) correctly named and numbered ✓. 2,3-dimethyl pentane / 2,3 dimethylpentane: max 1/2. (2) 2.4 Ethyl butanoate Marking: ethyl ✓ butanoate ✓ (2) H O H H H 2.5 H C C C C C H H H H H Marking: functional group C=O on the second carbon ✓; whole structure correct (five C atoms, all H atoms shown) ✓. Condensed or semi-structural formula: max 1/2. (2) 2.6.1 Addition (polymerisation) ✓ (1) 2.6.2 Cn H2n ✓ (1) [13] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technical Sciences/P2 4 Hlayiso/Prediction 2026 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 3 3.1 The temperature at which the vapour pressure of a substance equals atmospheric (external) pressure. ✓✓ (2) 3.2 Type of compound / homologous series / functional group ✓ (1) 3.3 A / pentane ✓ (1) 3.4 Type of IMF: Compound B (butanal) has dipole-dipole forces (and London forces) between its molecules. Compound C (butan-1-ol) has hydrogen bonds (in addition to London forces). ✓ Strength of IMF: Hydrogen bonds in C are stronger than the dipole-dipole forces in B. ✓ Energy: More energy is needed to overcome the intermolecular forces in compound C than in compound B. ✓ OR: Less energy is needed to overcome the intermolecular forces in B. Accept the comparison stated in the opposite direction. (3) 3.5 Compound D (a carboxylic acid) has TWO sites for hydrogen bonding (the C=O and the O–H) / forms dimers, so there are more (stronger) hydrogen bonds between its molecules than between alcohol molecules. ✓ More energy is needed to overcome the intermolecular forces in compound D. ✓ (2) 3.6 Gas ✓ The boiling point of A (36 °C) is lower than 40 °C. ✓ (2) [11] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technical Sciences/P2 5 Hlayiso/Prediction 2026 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 4 4.1.1 Hydrogenation / addition ✓ (1) 4.1.2 Hydrohalogenation / addition ✓ (1) 4.1.3 Halogenation / chlorination / substitution ✓ (1) 4.2 Platinum / Pt OR Nickel / Ni OR Palladium / Pd ✓ (1) 4.3 (Sun)light / ultraviolet (UV) light OR heat ✓ (1) 4.4 2-chlorobutane Marking: 2-chloro ✓ butane ✓. 1-chlorobutane: max 1/2. (2) 4.5.1 (Mild) heat / warm / heating the mixture ✓ (1) H H O H H 4.5.2 H C C C C H H H H H Marking: OH group on the second carbon ✓; whole structure correct ✓. Butan-1-ol drawn: max 1/2. O–H bond need not be shown. (2) 4.6 2C4 H10 + 13O2 → 8CO2 + 10H2 O Marking: reactants ✓ products ✓ balancing ✓. Accept C4 H10 + 13 2 O2 → 4CO2 + 5H2 O. Structural/condensed formulae: max 2/3. (3) [13] QUESTION 5 5.1 The (deliberate) addition of (small amounts of) impurities to a (pure) semiconductor ✓ to increase its conductivity. ✓ (2) 5.2.1 n-type ✓ (1) 5.2.2 Phosphorus has FIVE valence electrons (one more than silicon), so it provides an extra free electron. ✓ (1) 5.3 Any ONE: Boron / Aluminium / Gallium / Indium (a group 13 / III / trivalent element) ✓ (1) 5.4 Holes ✓ (1) [6] Copyright reserved Please turn over

Technical Sciences/P2 6 Hlayiso/Prediction 2026 NSC – Marking Guidelines QUESTION 6 6.1 The chemical process in which electrical energy is converted to chemical energy. ✓✓ OR The use of electrical energy to produce a (non-spontaneous) chemical change. (2) 6.2 Non-spontaneous ✓ It needs an external (DC) energy source / electrical energy is converted into chemical energy ✓ (2) 6.3 Steel bracket ✓ (1) 6.4 Cu → Cu2+ + 2e– ✓✓ (2) 6.5 REMAINS THE SAME ✓ (Cu2+ ions are formed at the copper bar at the same rate at which they are deposited on the bracket.) (1) 6.6.1 Chemical (potential) energy to electrical energy ✓ (1) 6.6.2 Any ONE: The only (waste) product is water / no carbon dioxide (greenhouse gas) is released / no air pollution (soot, SO2 , NOx ) ✓ (1) [10] QUESTION 7 7.1 A cell in which chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. ✓✓ OR A cell in which a spontaneous redox reaction produces an electric current. (2) 7.2 From Zn to Pb ✓ (1) 7.3 Any ONE: Completes the circuit / allows ions to move between the half-cells / maintains electrical neutrality in the half-cells ✓ (1) 7.4 Zn / zinc ✓ (1) 7.5 Pb2+ + 2e– → Pb ✓✓ (2) 7.6 DECREASES ✓ (1) 7.7 Eθcell = Eθcathode – Eθanode ✓ Eθcell = –0,13 ✓ –(–0,76) ✓ Eθcell = 0,63 V ✓ Notes: Accept any other correct formula from the data sheet. Unconventional abbreviations, e.g. Ecat , accepted. Any other formula using unconventional abbreviations, e.g. Ecell = EOA – ERA , followed by correct substitutions: 3/4. Wrong formula, e.g. Eanode – Ecathode : 0/4. (4) [12] TOTAL: 75 Copyright reserved