Tech Science P1 AE

NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE/ NASIONALE SENIOR SERTIFIKAAT GRADE/GRAAD 12 JUNE/JUNIE 2025 TECHNICAL SCIENCES P1/ TEGNIESE WETENSKAPPE V1 MARKING GUIDELINE/NASIENRIGLYN MARKS/PUNTE: 150 This marking guideline consists of 10 pages./ Hierdie nasienriglyn bestaan uit 10 bladsye. This document was downloaded from www.ecexams.co.za.

2 TECHNICAL SCIENCES P1/TEGNIESE WETENSKAPPE V1 (EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025) QUESTION/VRAAG 1 1.1 A (2) 1.2 B (2) 1.3 C (2) 1.4 C (2) 1.5 D (2) 1.6 D (2) 1.7 B (2) 1.8 D (2) 1.9 C (2) 1.10 D (2) [20] QUESTION/VRAAG 2 2.1 2.1.1 An object continues in a state of rest or uniform velocity (moving with constant velocity) unless it is acted upon by an unbalanced force. / Voorwerp gaan voort in toestand van rus of uniforme snelheid (beweeg met konstante snelheid) tensy ongebalanseerde krag daarop inwerk. OR/OF An object will remain in its state of rest or continue moving with a constant velocity unless it is acted on by a resultant force/unbalanced force. / Voorwerp sal in sy rustoestand bly of met konstante snelheid aanhou beweeg tensy dit deur resulterende krag/ ongebalanseerde krag ingewerk word. (2) 2.1.2 Zero/Nul OR/OF 0 (m.s-1) (1) Copyright reserved/Kopiereg voorbehou Please turn over/Blaai om asseblief This document was downloaded from www.ecexams.co.za.

(EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025) TECHNICAL SCIENCES P1/TEGNIESE WETENSKAPPE V1 3 2.1.3 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1 OPTION 2/OPSIE 2 Choose east to be positive/ Choose east to be negative/ Kies oos as positief Kies oos as negatief Fnet = 0 Fnet = 0 Fnet = ma Any ONE/Enige EEN Fnet = ma Any ONE/ Fnet = F1 + F2 + F3 Enige EEN 0 = - 64 + F2 + 160 Fnet = F1 + F2 + F3 F2 = - 96 N 0 = 64 + F2 + (-160) F2 = 96 N west/wes F2 = 96 N west/wes ACCEPT/AANVAAR (Maximum: 2 marks/Maksimum: 2 punte) F2 = F3 F1 F2 = 160 64 F2 = 96 N west/wes (3) 2.2 2.2.1 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1 OPTION 2/OPSIE 2 Fa FN FN Ff Ff Fa W/Fg W/Fg OPTION 3/OPSIE 3 FN Ff FH FV W/Fg (3) NOTES: One mark for each arrow with correct label Penalise (once) for each: No arrows No dot Gap between the line and the dot Dotted lines are used Additional force is included A force diagram is given Copyright reserved/Kopiereg voorbehou Please turn over/Blaai om asseblief This document was downloaded from www.ecexams.co.za.

4 TECHNICAL SCIENCES P1/TEGNIESE WETENSKAPPE V1 (EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025) NOTAS: Een punt vir elke pyltjie met korrekte byskrif Penaliseer (eenkeer) vir elk: Geen pyltjies Geen punt Spasie tussen lyn en punt Stippellyne word gebruik Additionele kragte is ingesluit 2.2.2 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1 OPTION 2/OPSIE 2 Ff = µkFN F N = Fg + F v = µk(Fg + Fv) FN = 50 x 9,8 + 280 sin 30° = 0,24 (50 x 9,8) + (280 sin 30°) FN = 630 N = 151,20 N Ff = µkFN = 0,24 x 630 = 151,20 N (4) 2.2.3 False/Onwaar (2) 2.2.4 POSITIVE MARKING FROM 2.2.2/ POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF 2.2.2 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1 OPTION 2/OPSIE 2 Fnet = ma Fnet = FH + Ff Fnet = FH + Ff Any ONE/Enige EEN = 280 cos 30° + (-151,20) FH + Ff = ma = 91,29 N 280 cos 30° + (-151,20) = 50a Fnet = ma a = 1,83 m.s-2 91,29 = 50a a = 1,83 m.s-2 (4) 2.2.5 Decrease/Verminder (2) [22] QUESTION/VRAAG 3 3.1 3.1.1 velocity. / sy snelheid. (2) 3.1.2 Yes/Ja (1) 3.1.3 East as positive/ Oos as positief pi = pf Any ONE/ Enige EEN m1v1i + m2v2i = m1v1f + m2v2f (10)(8) + (6)(0) = (10)(-0,50) + (6)v2f v2f = 14,17 m.s-1 east / oos (4) Copyright reserved/Kopiereg voorbehou Please turn over/Blaai om asseblief This document was downloaded from www.ecexams.co.za.

(EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025) TECHNICAL SCIENCES P1/TEGNIESE WETENSKAPPE V1 5 3.1.4 Law of conservation of momentum Total linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant (is conserved) in magnitude and direction. / Wet van behoud van momentum behoue) in grootte en rigting. (3) 3.2 3.2.1 Impulse is the product of the net force acting on an object and the time the net force acts on the object. / en die tyd wat die netto krag op die voorwerp inwerk. (2) 3.2.2 Directly proportional / Direk eweredig (2) 3.2.3 From impulse-momentum theorem, it follows that the net force exerted on an object is inversely proportional to the contact time. Accept mathematical expression: Fnet / Uit impuls-momentumstelling volg dit dat die voorwerp uitgeoefen word inverse eweredig is aan die kontaktyd. Aanvaar wiskundige uitdrukking: : Fnet (2) 3.2.4 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1 OPTION 2/OPSIE 2 Any ONE Any ONE/Enige EEN Enige EEN Away from the batman / Weg van die kolwer Away from the batman / Weg van die kolwer (4) 3.2.5 Positive marking from 3.2.4/Positiewe nasien vanaf 3.2.4 1 673,30 N towards the batsman / na die kolwer (2) 3.2.6 When object A exerts a force on object B, object B simultaneously exerts an oppositely directed force of equal magnitude on object A. / Newton se Derde bewegingswet. Wanneer voorwerp A krag op voorwerp B uitoefen, oefen voorwerp B gelyktydig teenoorgestelde gerigte krag van gelyke grootte op voorwerp A uit. (3) [25] Copyright reserved/Kopiereg voorbehou Please turn over/Blaai om asseblief This document was downloaded from www.ecexams.co.za.

6 TECHNICAL SCIENCES P1/TEGNIESE WETENSKAPPE V1 (EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025) QUESTION/VRAAG 4 4.1 4.1.1 Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion. / Kinetiese energie is die energie van voorwerp as gevolg van sy beweging. (2) 4.1.2 The total mechanical energy (sum of gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy) in an isolated system remains constant. Die totale meganiese energie (som van gravitasie potensiële energie en kinetiese energie) in geïsoleerde sisteem bly konstant. (2) 4.1.3 (Em)top = Ep + Ek ME = Ep + Ek Any ONE/ Enige EEN ME = mgh + ½ mv2 ME = (5)(9,8)(4) + ½ (5)(0)2 ME = 196 J (3) 4.1.4 POSITIVE MARKING FROM Q4.1.3/ POSITIVE MARKING FROM POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF V4.1.3 Q4.1.3/POSITIEWE NASIEN OPTION 1/ OPSIE 1 VANAF V4.1.3 (ME)2m = (ME)top Any ONE/ OPTION 2/ OPSIE 2 (Ep + Ek)2m = (ME)top Enige EEN (ME)2m = (ME)top Any ONE/ (5)(9,8)(2) + Ek = 196 J (Ep + Ek)2m = (ME)top Enige EEN Ek = 98 J (5)(9,8)(2) + ½ (5)v2 = 196 ½ mv2 = 98 98 + 2,5 v2 =196 ½ (5)v2 = 98 v2 = 39,2 v = 6,26 m.s-1 v = 6,26 m.s-1 (4) 4.1.5 POSITIVE MARKING FROM Q4.1.3/ POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF V4.1.3 Ek = 196 J The system is isolated. The kinetic energy at the bottom is equal to the gravitational potential energy at the top. / Die stelsel is geïsoleer. Die kinetiese energie aan die onderkant is gelyk aan die gravitasie potensiële energie aan die bokant. OR/OF The mechanical energy is conserved because the system is isolated. Die meganiese energie is behoue omdat die sisteem geïsoleerd is. (3) 4.2 4.2.1 Work done is the product of the force applied on an object and the displacement in the direction of the force. / Arbeid verrig is die produk van die krag wat op voorwerp toegepas word en die verplasing in die rigting van die krag. (2) Copyright reserved/Kopiereg voorbehou Please turn over/Blaai om asseblief This document was downloaded from www.ecexams.co.za.

(EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025) TECHNICAL SCIENCES P1/TEGNIESE WETENSKAPPE V1 7 4.2.2 Wf = Ff cos Wf = (20)(4,5)cos 180° Wf = -90 J (3) 4.2.3 0J (2) 4.2.4 OPTION 1/OPSIE 1 OPTION 2/ OPSIE 2 Wnet = Fnet x cos POSITIVE MARKING FROM Q4.2.2/ Wnet = (100 20) (4,5)cos 0° POSITIEWE NASIEN VANAF V4.2.2 Wnet = 360 J Wnet = Wf + WF Wnet = Ff x cos 180° + Fa x cos 0° Wnet = (20)(4,5)(-1) + (100)(4,5)(1) Wnet = 360 J (4) [25] QUESTION/VRAAG 5 5.1 A body which regains its original shape and size completely when the deforming force is removed. / Liggaam wat sy oorspronklike vorm en grootte heeltemal herwin wanneer die vervormende krag verwyder word. (2) 5.2 The internal restoring force per unit area is called stress. / Die interne herstelkrag per oppervlakte-eenheid word spanning genoem. (2) 5.3 5.3.1 Stress is directly proportional to strain. / Druk is direk eweredig aan spanning. (2) 5.3.2 / Hooke se wet (1) 5.3.3 Substance A/ Stof A Substance B/ Stof B Substance B has the highest modulus of elasticity. /Stof B het die hoogste elastisiteits-modulus. (5) 5.4 5.4.1 The property of a fluid to oppose relative motion between the two adjacent layers. / Die eienskap van vloeistof om relatiewe beweging tussen die twee aangrensende lae teen te werk. (2) 5.4.2 Vinegar The lower the viscosity, the faster the flow. / Asyn Hoe laer die viskositeit, hoe vinniger die vloei. (2) Copyright reserved/Kopiereg voorbehou Please turn over/Blaai om asseblief This document was downloaded from www.ecexams.co.za.

8 TECHNICAL SCIENCES P1/TEGNIESE WETENSKAPPE V1 (EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025) 5.4.3 As the temperature of the fluid increases, its viscosity decreases. / Soos die temperatuur van die vloeistof toeneem, neem die viskositeit daarvan af. (2) 5.5 5.5.1 pressure applied at a point is transmitted equally to the other parts of the liquid. / Pascal se wet bepaal dat in kontinue vloeistof by ewewig is, die druk wat by punt toegepas word, eweredig na die ander dele van die vloeistof oorgedra word. (2) 5.5.2 (4) 5.5.3 INCREASES/VERMEERDER (1) 5.5.4 system/Stootskraper se werkstelsel Dentist chair/Tandartsstoel Hydraulic lifts used to lift heavy loads/Hidrouliese hysbakke wat gebruik word om swaar vragte op te lig Car jacks/Motordomkragte (Any TWO/Enige TWEE) (2) [27] Copyright reserved/Kopiereg voorbehou Please turn over/Blaai om asseblief This document was downloaded from www.ecexams.co.za.

(EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025) TECHNICAL SCIENCES P1/TEGNIESE WETENSKAPPE V1 9 QUESTION/VRAAG 6 6.1 The change in direction of a wave upon striking the interface between two materials. / Die verandering in rigting van golf wanneer dit die raakvlak tussen twee materiale tref. (2) 6.2 Reflected ray/ Weerkaatse straal r Normal/Normaal i Incident ray/ Invalsstraal Wall/Muur Criteria for marking diagram/ Kriteria vir die nasien van diagram Marks/ Punte Angle of reflection correctly indicated /Hoek van weerkaatsing korrek aangedui Reflected ray correctly drawn/Weerkaatse straal korrek geteken Incident ray, normal and reflected ray meet at the same wall/ Invallende straal, normale en weerkaatse straal ontmoet by dieselfde muur (3) 6.3 6.3.1 The ratio of speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the medium. / Die verhouding van spoed van lig in vakuum tot die spoed van lig in die medium. (2) 6.3.2 Medium A (2) 6.3.3 FALSE. It has the lowest refractive index, meaning less optical dense. / ONWAAR. Dit het die laagste brekingsindeks, d.w.s minder opties dig. (3) 6.3.4 Towards the normal. Speed of light in medium C is faster than the speed of light in medium D. The refractive index of medium C is higher than medium D. Na die normale. Spoed van lig in medium C is vinniger as die spoed van lig in medium D. Die brekingsindeks van medium C is hoër as medium D. OR/OF Light is moving from optically less dense to optically denser medium. Lig beweeg van opties minder dig na opties digter medium. (3) [15] Copyright reserved/Kopiereg voorbehou Please turn over/Blaai om asseblief This document was downloaded from www.ecexams.co.za.

10 TECHNICAL SCIENCES P1/TEGNIESE WETENSKAPPE V1 (EC/JUNE/JUNIE 2025) QUESTION/VRAAG 7 7.1 7.1.1 When an object is placed between the focus and optical centre. / word. (2) 7.1.2 Object/Voorwerp Not on scale/Nie volgens skaal F2 F F F2 1 Image/Beeld LENS Marks/ Criteria for Marking Diagram/ Kriteria vir Nasiendiagram Punte Lens with centre line/Lens met middellyn. 2F or F2 on respective sides of the lens. /2F of F2 op onderskeie kante van die lens Principal axis with the position of the focal point F on both sides of the lens at equal distance from optical centre. / Hoof-as met die posisie van die fokuspunt F aan beide kante van die lens op gelyke afstand van optiese middelpunt. Parallel incident ray to the principal axis refracts and goes through to the focal point. /Parallelle invallende straal met die hoof-as breek en gaan deur na die fokuspunt. The ray passes through to the optical centre of the lens without being refracted. /Die straal gaan deur na die optiese middelpunt van die lens sonder om gebreek te word. (8) 7.1.3 Position of the image = 28 30 mm from lens (further than 2F) Size of the image = 10 12 mm high Nature of the image = real, inverted and enlarged. (Any one) / Posisie van die beeld = 28 30 mm vanaf lens (verder as 2F) Grootte van die beeld = 10 12 mm hoog Aard van die beeld = werklik, omgekeerd en vergroot. (Enige een) (3) 7.2 Magnifying glasses/Vergrootglase Microscope/Mikroskoop Cameras/Kameras Telescopes/Teleskope Projectors/Projektors Binoculars/Verkykers (Any THREE/Enige DRIE) (3) [16] TOTAL/TOTAAL: 150 Copyright reserved/Kopiereg voorbehou Please turn over/Blaai om asseblief This document was downloaded from www.ecexams.co.za.